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All the Languages in India: A Linguistic Tapestry and its Industrial Implications
By Dr. Anya Sharma, PhD in Linguistics, University of Delhi
Published by: Global Linguistics Press, a leading publisher of academic and industry research in language studies and globalization. Global Linguistics Press is known for its rigorous peer-review process and commitment to disseminating high-impact research.
Edited by: Mr. Rohan Mehta, Senior Editor at Global Linguistics Press, with 15 years of experience editing scholarly articles on language policy, technology, and multilingualism.
Abstract: India's linguistic diversity, encompassing hundreds of languages, presents both a challenge and an opportunity for various industries. This article explores the vast landscape of all the languages in India, analyzing its impact on sectors like technology, media, education, and business. We will delve into the complexities of language policy, the rise of multilingualism, and the implications for creating inclusive and profitable business strategies.
1. The Kaleidoscope of Languages: Understanding the Linguistic Landscape of India
India boasts an unparalleled linguistic richness. While Hindi is the most widely spoken language, it's far from being the only one. The precise number of languages spoken in India is a subject of ongoing debate, with estimates ranging from several hundred to over two thousand, depending on the criteria used to define a "language" versus a "dialect." The constitution of India officially recognizes 22 languages as scheduled languages, reflecting their historical and social significance. However, "all the languages in India" represent a much broader spectrum, encompassing numerous regional languages, dialects, and languages spoken by smaller communities. This diversity is a reflection of India’s long and complex history, influenced by migrations, trade, and cultural exchanges across millennia.
2. The Impact of "All the Languages in India" on Technology
The technological sector is grappling with the implications of "all the languages in India." Developing software, applications, and digital content that cater to such a wide range of languages presents significant challenges. Natural language processing (NLP) is crucial for creating tools that can understand, translate, and generate text in various Indian languages. However, the availability of linguistic resources – like corpora of text and speech data – varies significantly across languages. Many less-spoken languages lack the data needed to train effective NLP models. This digital divide reinforces existing inequalities and hinders the full participation of all communities in the digital economy. Companies are increasingly recognizing the need for multilingual digital solutions to capture the vast Indian market.
3. Navigating Media and Entertainment in a Multilingual Nation
The media and entertainment industry in India is heavily influenced by "all the languages in India." From Bollywood films to regional cinema, content is produced in a vast array of languages, reflecting the diverse preferences of the Indian audience. Streaming services are increasingly offering content in multiple languages, recognizing the importance of localization in reaching broader audiences. However, the production and distribution of content across so many languages still face challenges. The costs involved in translation, dubbing, and subtitling can be substantial.
4. Education and the Challenges of Linguistic Diversity
Education in India faces the complex task of catering to the linguistic diversity of its student population. The medium of instruction often varies across regions and schools, reflecting the dominance of different languages. The debate surrounding the role of Hindi versus regional languages in education is ongoing, with implications for national unity and social justice. Ensuring quality education for all children requires addressing the needs of diverse linguistic backgrounds, promoting multilingualism, and developing effective language-teaching methodologies.
5. Business and the Opportunities of Linguistic Inclusion
For businesses operating in India, understanding "all the languages in India" is crucial for success. Companies are realizing the importance of localization – adapting products, services, and marketing materials to cater to specific language communities. Ignoring linguistic diversity can lead to lost business opportunities, while embracing it can foster stronger customer relationships and brand loyalty. Multilingual customer service, marketing campaigns, and product labeling are becoming increasingly important in reaching a wider market segment.
6. Language Policy and its Impact on the Socio-economic Landscape
India's language policies have played a significant role in shaping its linguistic landscape. The debate over language-based identity and its relationship to national integration is complex and often politically charged. The promotion of Hindi as a national language has been met with resistance from some regions, raising concerns about linguistic marginalization. Finding a balance between promoting national unity and respecting linguistic diversity continues to be a major challenge.
7. The Rise of Multilingualism and its Implications
Increasingly, Indians are becoming multilingual, often speaking several languages fluently. This multilingualism represents a valuable asset in the globalized world, enabling individuals to navigate multiple social and professional contexts. However, this multilingualism also requires careful consideration in terms of education, language policy, and industrial applications.
8. The Future of "All the Languages in India" in the Digital Age
The digital age presents both opportunities and challenges for "all the languages in India." While digital technologies offer the potential to promote and preserve linguistic diversity, they also require careful management to prevent the dominance of certain languages over others. The development of language technologies, digital literacy programs, and inclusive language policies will be essential in shaping the future of linguistic diversity in India.
Conclusion:
The linguistic richness of India – represented by "all the languages in India" – is a significant aspect of its cultural heritage and a crucial factor influencing its economic and social development. Addressing the challenges posed by this diversity, while harnessing its potential, requires a multifaceted approach involving governments, industries, and educational institutions. Promoting multilingualism, developing appropriate language technologies, and implementing inclusive language policies are crucial for ensuring that all communities in India can fully participate in the digital economy and contribute to the nation's progress.
FAQs:
1. How many languages are officially recognized in India? 22 languages are officially recognized in the Indian Constitution as scheduled languages.
2. What is the most widely spoken language in India? Hindi is the most widely spoken language in India.
3. What are the challenges of multilingualism in India? Challenges include developing language technology for all languages, ensuring equitable access to education in multiple languages, and creating inclusive policies.
4. How does linguistic diversity impact the Indian economy? It presents both challenges (e.g., high translation costs) and opportunities (e.g., large market potential if catered to).
5. What role does technology play in preserving India's linguistic diversity? Technology offers tools for language documentation, preservation, and teaching, but also presents risks of language dominance by certain technologically advanced languages.
6. What are the implications of language policy for India's national unity? Language policy is deeply intertwined with notions of national identity and can cause tension if not managed carefully.
7. How can businesses benefit from understanding India's linguistic diversity? Localization efforts (adapting products/services to specific languages) increase market share and brand loyalty.
8. What is the role of education in fostering multilingualism? Education plays a vital role in teaching and valuing multiple languages, bridging the gap between linguistic communities.
9. What are the future prospects for lesser-known languages in India? The future depends on factors like technology, government support, and community efforts to promote and preserve them.
Related Articles:
1. The Sociolinguistics of Hindi in India: An examination of Hindi's role as a national language and its impact on regional languages.
2. Language Policy and Education in India: A critical analysis of the successes and failures of language policy in the Indian education system.
3. Technology and Language Preservation in India: Exploring how technology can be used to document and preserve endangered languages.
4. Multilingualism and Cognitive Development in Indian Children: Research on the cognitive benefits of early childhood multilingualism.
5. The Economic Impact of Linguistic Diversity in India's IT Sector: An analysis of the opportunities and challenges for the IT sector in a multilingual context.
6. Bollywood and Regional Cinema: A Comparative Study of Language and Representation: An analysis of how language shapes narrative and representation in Indian cinema.
7. Language Attitudes and Identity in India: An exploration of the social meanings associated with different languages in India.
8. The Role of Translation and Interpretation in India's Globalized Economy: The importance of translation services in facilitating international trade and communication.
9. Digital Inclusion and Linguistic Diversity in Rural India: Examining the challenges and opportunities for promoting digital literacy in a multilingual rural context.
| all the languages in india: The Republic of India Alan Gledhill, 2013 |
| all the languages in india: Languages of India Gopal Haldar, 2000 |
| all the languages in india: A Reference Grammar of Spoken Tamil Harold F. Schiffman, 1999-10-14 This is a reference grammar of the standard spoken variety of Tamil, a language with 65 million speakers in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Singapore. The spoken variety is radically different from the standard literary variety, last standardized in the thirteenth century. The standard spoken language is used by educated people in their interactions with people from different regions and different social groups, and is also the dialect used in films, plays and the media. This book, a much expanded version of the author s Grammar of Spoken Tamil (1979), is the first such grammar to contain examples both in Tamil script and in transliteration, and the first to be written so as to be accessible to students studying the modern spoken language as well as to linguists and other specialists. The book has benefitted from extensive native-speaker input and the author s own long experience of teaching Tamil to English-speakers. |
| all the languages in india: Foreigners and Foreign Languages in India Shreesh Chaudhary, 2009 India's natural wealth, knowledge, arts and crafts have attracted foreigners throughout its long history. It has had continuous cultural contact and trade with other countries and, in all this, India has been exposed to many foreign languages such as Arabic, Bactrian, Chinese, Dutch, English, French, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, Persian, Portuguese, Turkish and in a certain sense, Sanskrit. Each of these languages went through a cycle, rising to the position of power and prestige, and eventually declining and yielding place to yet another language. In this process, all these languages interacted with the native languages of India and exchanged sounds, words, sentences, idioms and expressions, sometimes even giving birth to new languages. Foreigners and Foreign Languages in India: A Sociolinguistic History tells the story of this long and continuous history of the advent, learning, use, demise and debris of some foreign languages in India. |
| all the languages in india: Language of the Snakes Andrew Ollett, 2017-10-10 A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press’s Open Access publishing program. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more. Language of the Snakes traces the history of the Prakrit language as a literary phenomenon, starting from its cultivation in courts of the Deccan in the first centuries of the common era. Although little studied today, Prakrit was an important vector of the kavya movement and once joined Sanskrit at the apex of classical Indian literary culture. The opposition between Prakrit and Sanskrit was at the center of an enduring “language order” in India, a set of ways of thinking about, naming, classifying, representing, and ultimately using languages. As a language of classical literature that nevertheless retained its associations with more demotic language practices, Prakrit both embodies major cultural tensions—between high and low, transregional and regional, cosmopolitan and vernacular—and provides a unique perspective onto the history of literature and culture in South Asia. |
| all the languages in india: Language, Emotion, and Politics in South India Lisa Mitchell, 2009 The charged emotional politics of language and identity in India |
| all the languages in india: American Indian Languages Lyle Campbell, 1997 Native American languages are spoken from Siberia to Greenland. Campbell's project is to take stock of what is known about the history of Native American languages and in the process examine the state of American Indian historical linguistics. |
| all the languages in india: The Case System of Eastern Indo-Aryan Languages Bornini Lahiri, 2021-04-30 This book presents a typological overview of the case system of Eastern Indo-Aryan (EIA) languages. It utilizes a cognitive framework to analyse and compare the case markers of seven EIA languages: Angika, Asamiya, Bhojpuri, Bangla, Magahi, Maithili and Odia. The book introduces semantic maps, which have hitherto not been used for Indian languages, to plot the scope of different case markers and facilitate cross-linguistic comparison of these languages. It also offers a detailed questionnaire specially designed for fieldwork and data collection which will be extremely useful to researchers involved in the study of case. A unique look into the linguistic traditions of South Asia, the book will be indispensable to academicians, researchers, and students of language studies, linguistics, literature, cognitive science, psychology, language technologies and South Asian studies. It will also be useful for linguists, typologists, grammarians and those interested in the study of Indian languages. |
| all the languages in india: Constitutional languages B. P. Mahapatra, 1989 |
| all the languages in india: The Dravidian Languages Sanford B. Steever, 2015-04-15 The Dravidian language family is the world's fourth largest with over 175 million speakers across South Asia from Pakistan to Nepal, from Bangladesh to Sri Lanka as well as having communities in Malaysia, North America and the UK. Four of the languages, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Telugu are official national languages and the Dravidian family has had a rich literary and cultural influence. This authoritative reference source provides unique descriptions of 12 of these languages, covering their historical development alongside discussions of their specialised linguistic structures and features. Each chapter combines modern linguistic theory with traditional historical linguistics and a uniform structure allows for easy typological comparison between the individual languages. Two further chapters provide general information about the language family - the introduction, which covers the history, cultural implications and linguistic background, and a separate article on Dravidian writing systems. This volume includes languages from all 4 of the Dravidian family's subgroupings: South Dravidian e.g. Tamil, Kannada; South Central Dravidian e.g. Telugu, Konda; Central Dravidian e.g. Kolami; North Dravidian e.g. Brahui, Malto. Written by a team of expert contributors, many of whom are based in Asia, each language chapter offers a detailed analysis of phonology, morphology, syntax and followed by a list of the most relevant further reading to aid the independent scholar. The Dravidian Languages will be invaluable to students and researchers within linguistics and will also be of interest to readers in the fields of comparative literature, South Asian studies and Oriental studies. |
| all the languages in india: The Indo-Aryan Languages Danesh Jain, George Cardona, 2007-07-26 The Indo-Aryan languages are spoken by at least 700 million people throughout India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Maldive Islands. They have a claim to great antiquity, with the earliest Vedic Sanskrit texts dating to the end of the second millennium B.C. With texts in Old Indo-Aryan, Middle Indo-Aryan and Modern Indo-Aryan, this language family supplies a historical documentation of language change over a longer period than any other subgroup of Indo-European. This volume is divided into two main sections dealing with general matters and individual languages. Each chapter on the individual language covers the phonology and grammar (morphology and syntax) of the language and its writing system, and gives the historical background and information concerning the geography of the language and the number of its speakers. |
| all the languages in india: Wanderers, Kings, Merchants Peggy Mohan, 2021-08-05 One of India's most incredible and enviable cultural aspects is that every Indian is bilingual, if not multilingual. Delving into the fascinating early history of South Asia, this original book reveals how migration, both external and internal, has shaped all Indians from ancient times. Through a first-of-its-kind and incisive study of languages, such as the story of early Sanskrit, the rise of Urdu, language formation in the North-east, it presents the astounding argument that all Indians are of mixed origins.It explores the surprising rise of English after Independence and how it may be endangering India's native languages. |
| all the languages in india: A Comparative Grammar of the Modern Aryan Languages of India John Beames, 2021-09-09 This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| all the languages in india: Social Justice through Multilingual Education Tove Skutnabb-Kangas, Robert Phillipson, Ajit K. Mohanty, Minati Panda, 2009-08-20 The principles for enabling children to become fully proficient multilinguals through schooling are well known. Even so, most indigenous/tribal, minority and marginalised children are not provided with appropriate mother-tongue-based multilingual education (MLE) that would enable them to succeed in school and society. In this book experts from around the world ask why this is, and show how it can be done. The book discusses general principles and challenges in depth and presents case studies from Canada and the USA, northern Europe, Peru, Africa, India, Nepal and elsewhere in Asia. Analysis by leading scholars in the field shows the importance of building on local experience. Sharing local solutions globally can lead to better theory, and to action for more social justice and equality through education. |
| all the languages in india: Language in the British Isles David Britain, 2007-08-23 The British Isles are home to a vast range of different spoken and signed languages and dialects. Language continues to evolve rapidly, in its diversity, in the number and the backgrounds of its speakers, and in the repercussions it has had for political and educational affairs. This book provides a comprehensive survey of the dominant languages and dialects used in the British Isles. Topics covered include the history of English; the relationship between Standard and Non-Standard Englishes; the major non-standard varieties spoken on the islands; and the history of multilingualism; and the educational and planning implications of linguistic diversity in the British Isles. Among the many dialects and languages surveyed by the volume are British Black English, Celtic languages, Chinese, Indian, European migrant languages, British Sign Language, and Anglo-Romani. Clear and accessible in its approach, it will be welcomed by students in sociolinguistics, English language, and dialectology, as well as anyone interested more generally in language within British society. |
| all the languages in india: Languages and Scripts K. S. Singh, S. Manoharan, 1993 The authors show that Indian languages derive strongly from the ethnic community or the territory in which the language is used. They investigate the distribution of different language families, the larger spread of languages such as Hindi, Marwari, Urdu and Telugu, language-contactsituations, and bilingualism. |
| all the languages in india: A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian Or South-Indian Family of Languages Robert Caldwell, 1913 |
| all the languages in india: Languages of Tribal and Indigenous Peoples of India Anvita Abbi, 1997 ABOUT THE BOOK:This volume represents the first attempt to give a broad overview of the linguistic structures of indigenous and tribal languages of five major language families of India. such as Andamanese, Austroasiatic, Dravidian, Indo-Aryan and Tib |
| all the languages in india: Euro-English Sandra Mollin, 2006 |
| all the languages in india: Hobson-Jobson Sir Henry Yule, Arthur Coke Burnell, 1886 |
| all the languages in india: The Satanic Verses Salman Rushdie, 2000-12 Just before dawn one winter's morning, a hijacked jetliner explodes above the English Channel. Through the falling debris, two figures, Gibreel Farishta, the biggest star in India, and Saladin Chamcha, an expatriate returning from his first visit to Bombay in fifteen years, plummet from the sky, washing up on the snow-covered sands of an English beach, and proceed through a series of metamorphoses, dreams, and revelations. |
| all the languages in india: Hindi Nationalism (tracks for the Times) Alok Rai, 2001 This tract looks at the politics of language in India through a study of the history of one language Hindi. It traces the tragic metamorphosis of this language over the last century, from a creative, dynamic, popular language to a dead, Sanskritised, dePersianised language manufactured by a self-serving upper caste North Indian elite, nurturing hegemonic ambitions. From being a symbol of collective imagination it became a signifier of narrow sectarianism and regional chauvinism. The tract shows how this trans- formation of the language was tied up with the politics of communalism and regionalism. |
| all the languages in india: Linguistic survey of India George Abraham Grierson, 1990 |
| all the languages in india: The Romance Languages Rebecca Posner, 1996-09-05 What is a Romance language? How is one Romance language related to others? How did they all evolve? And what can they tell us about language in general? In this comprehensive survey Rebecca Posner, a distinguished Romance specialist, examines this group of languages from a wide variety of perspectives. Her analysis combines philological expertise with insights drawn from modern theoretical linguistics, both synchronic and diachronic. She relates linguistic features to historical and sociological factors, and teases out those elements which can be attributed to divergence from a common source and those which indicate convergence towards a common aim. Her discussion is extensively illustrated with new and original data, and an up-to-date and comprehensive bibliography is included. This volume will be an invaluable and authoritative guide for students and specialists alike. |
| all the languages in india: Sanskrit and Other Indian Languages Śaśiprabhā Kumāra, 2007 This Book Features The Influence And Interaction Of Sanskrit With Prakrit, Hindi Apabhransha, Urdu, Bangla, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Assamese, Punjabi, Kashmiri And Gujarati. It Modestly Attempts To Cover Various Aspects Of Mutual Reciprocation Between Sanskrit And Other Indian Languages. |
| all the languages in india: Reduplication in South Asian Languages Anvita Abbi, 1992 |
| all the languages in india: The English Medium Myth Sankrant Sanu, 2018 |
| all the languages in india: Handbook of American Indian Languages Franz Boas, 2018-02-08 This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| all the languages in india: Introduction to Handbook of American Indian Languages Franz Boas, 1966 Two major anthropological works study the roots, structure, and classification of Indian languages. |
| all the languages in india: The Languages of the World Kenneth Katzner, Kirk Miller, 2002-09-11 This third edition of Kenneth Katzner's best-selling guide to languages is essential reading for language enthusiasts everywhere. Written with the non-specialist in mind, its user-friendly style and layout, delightful original passages, and exotic scripts, will continue to fascinate the reader. This new edition has been thoroughly revised to include more languages, more countries, and up-to-date data on populations. Features include: *information on nearly 600 languages *individual descriptions of 200 languages, with sample passages and English translations *concise notes on where each language is spoken, its history, alphabet and pronunciation *coverage of every country in the world, its main language and speaker numbers *an introduction to language families |
| all the languages in india: Atlas of the world's languages in danger of disappearing Wurm, Stephen A., 2001-07-17 Close to half of the 6,000 languges spoken in the world are doomed or likely to disappear in the foreseeable future. The disappearance of any language is an irreparable loss for the heritage of all humankind. This new edition of the Atlas, first published in 1996, is intended to give a graphic picture of the magnitude of the problem and a comprehensive list of languages in danger. |
| all the languages in india: Where East Looks West Dennis Kurzon, 2004 The aim of the book is to explain the constant success in the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) of speakers of the Indian language, Konkani, who live in Goa and to the south of Goa. The evidence seems to point, although inconclusively, to historical and sociolinguistic factors, some of which pertain to India as a whole, while others are unique to the Konkani-speaking regions. |
| all the languages in india: An Enquiry Into the Obligations of Christians, to Use Means for the Conversion of the Heathens William Carey, 1792 |
| all the languages in india: The Indo-Aryan Languages Colin P. Masica, 1993-09-09 In his ambitious survey of the Indo-Aryan languages, Colin Masica has provided a fundamental introduction which will interest not only general and theoretical linguists but also students of one or more of these languages who want to acquaint themselves with the broader linguistic context. Generally synchronic in approach, concentrating on the phonology, morphology and syntax of the modern representatives of the group, the volume also covers their historical development, areal context, writing systems and aspects of sociolinguistics. The survey is organised not on a language-by-language basis but by topic, so that salient theoretical issues may be discussed in a comparative context. |
| all the languages in india: The Aryan Debate Thomas R. Trautmann, 2007-09-27 Part of the prestigious Debate series, this book brings together aa selection of pioneering essays. The introduction spells out the extremely topical Aryan debate. The central question behind this selection is, did the Sanskrit-speaking Aryans enter India from the Northwest in 1500 BC, or were they indigenous to India and identical with the people who inhabited the Indus Valley between 2800 and 1500 BC. |
| all the languages in india: Expanding the Lexicon Sabine Arndt-Lappe, Angelika Braun, Claudine Moulin, Esme Winter-Froemel, 2018-01-22 The creation of new lexical units and patterns has been studied in different research frameworks, focusing on either system-internal or system-external aspects, from which no comprehensive view has emerged. The volume aims to fill this gap by studying dynamic processes in the lexicon – understood in a wide sense as not being necessarily limited to the word level – by bringing together approaches directed to morphological productivity as well as approaches analyzing general types of lexical innovation and the role of discourse-related factors. The papers deal with ongoing changes as well as with historical processes of change in different languages and reflect on patterns and specific subtypes of lexical innovation as well as on their external conditions and the speakers’ motivations for innovating. Moreover, the diffusion and conventionalization of innovations will be addressed. In this way, the volume contributes to understanding the complex interplay of structural, cognitive and functional factors in the lexicon as a highly dynamic domain. |
| all the languages in india: Language Policy and Linguistic Minorities in India Thomas Benedikter, 2009 India not only is concerned with inevitable multilingualism, but also with the rights of many millions of speakers of minority languages. As the political and cultural context privileges some major languages, linguistic minorities often feel discriminated against by the current language policy of the Union and the States. They experience on a daily basis that their mother tongues are deemed worthless dialects that have little utility in modern life. Many such languages have definitively disappeared, and several more are on the brink of extinction. Is this the inevitable price to be paid for economic modernization, cultural homogenisation and the multilingual fabric of India's society at large? This book is an effort to map India's linguistic minorities and to assess the language policy towards these communities. The author, a senior researcher of the EURAC (South Tyrol, Italy), assuming linguistic rights as a component of fundamental human rights, codified in a number of international covenants and in the Indian Constitution, provides an appraisal of the extent to which language rights are respected in India's multilingual reality, which takes into consideration the experiences of minority language protection in other regions. |
| all the languages in india: Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger Christopher Moseley, 2010-01-01 Languages are not only tools of communication, they also reflect a view of the world. Languages are vehicles of value systems and cultural expressions and are an essential component of the living heritage of humanity. Yet, many of them are in danger of disappearing. UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger tries to raise awareness on language endangerment. This third edition has been completely revised and expanded to include new series of maps and new points of view. |
| all the languages in india: Towards New Education Mahatma Gandhi, 2014 Towards New Education Gandhijis ideas in regard to this New Education did not, of course, suddenly emerge from his brain in 1937, but were the outcome of long years of sustained thought and experience. The present book relates to this earlier formative period when he revolted from the prevailing system of education and sought in various ways to substitute it by educational practices more in harmony with his own conception of the function of education. To understand adequately the Basic Education scheme which he formulated in 1937 it is essential to go back to this earlier period where we can see it in origin and growth. The present book may, therefore, be said to be a necessary companion volume to the one on Basic Education. |
| all the languages in india: All About Language Barry J. Blake, 2008-04-24 In clear, congenial style Barry Blake explains how language works. He describes the make-up of words and how they're built from sounds and signs and put together in phrases and sentences. He examines the dynamics of conversation and the relations between the sound and meaning. He shows how languages help their users connect to each other and to the world, how they vary around the world, why they never stop changing, and that no two people speak a language in the same way. He looks at how language is acquired by infant children, how it relates to thought, and its operations in the brain. He investigates current trends and issues such as the levelling of linguistic class differences and the rise of new secret or in-group languages such as argot and teenspeak. He describes the history of writing from its origins to digital diffusion, and ends by looking at how language might have originated and then evolved among our distant hominid and primate ancestors. Language is crucial to every aspect of our lives whether we're thinking, talking, or dreaming. Barry Blake reveals the wonders that lie beneath the surface of everyday communication, enriching his exposition with a unique blend of anecdote and humour. His engaging guide is for everyone curious about language or who needs to know more about it. |
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Languages of the Eighth Schedule through the Decades The four charts below illustrate the composition of the Scheduled and Non-Scheduled Languages in India through decades since …
South Indian language - An overview
South Indian languages include one of the five Dravidian languages of Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Tulu. Plus, these languages additionally fill in as official languages for the …
Map Of Languages In India - omn.am
Language Policy and Linguistic Minorities in India Thomas Benedikter,2009 India not only is concerned with inevitable multilingualism but also with the rights of many millions of speakers …
India writes in many languages and speaks in many more …
As of today, the Indian constitution recognizes 22 major languages of India in what is known as “the 8th Schedule” of the Constitution. They also happen to be the major literary languages in …
India Language Map - Translators without Borders
Title: India Language Map Created Date: 4/21/2020 12:10:27 PM
LANGUAGE - Registrar General and Census Commissioner of …
Presented below is an alphabetical abstract of languages and the mother tongues with speakers' strength of 10,000 and above at the all India level, grouped under each language. There are a …
Languages, Mother Tongues and Bilingualism in India : An …
In the Indian Census bilingualism is defined as language or languages habitually spoken by each person in daily or domestic life in addition to his / her mother tongue. But one need not …
Indian Languages - P-UP
Classification of Indian Languages: People of India speak a large number of languages which are broadly divided into the following four families: 1. Indo-European Family (Arya), 2. Dravidian …
LANGUAGES OF INDIA AND INDIA AS A LINGUISTIC AREA
However, a rough estimate is that there are more than 1600 languages spoken in the present India. The government of India reports only 122 and recognizes as ‘scheduled/official’1 …
Languages In India State Wise - Guidely
Languages In India State Wise Languages In India State Wise S.No. State Official Languages Second Official Language(s) 1. A ndhra P radesh Tel ugu E ngl i sh 2. A runachal P radesh E …
Language and Literature of India 1 - NCERT
maximum number of written and orally alive languages in the world. The diversity of languages, cultures and traditions makes India one of the most tolerant and harmonious country. India is …
Most Spoken Languages in India by Number of Speakers
Hindi is the most spoken language in India, with 52.83 crore speakers. In other words, 43.63% of the total population speaks Hindi. It is followed by Bengali and Marathi in second and third …
SL Additional Official - Questbbsr.org
Union Territory Official Languages Other officially recognized languages 1 Andaman and Nicobar Islands English, Hindi 2 Chandigarh English Punjabi and Hindi 3 Dadra and Nagar Haveli …
Languages of India - Andovar
Not only are there dozens of languages and over ten scripts in everyday use in India, but it is also a rapidly developing country, with a huge and growing economy and new intiatives related to …
LANGUAGE AND POLITICS IN INDIA (Historical and …
spread all over the country, Bengali is spoken largely in the State of Bengal. Other major languages are Marathi, Telugu Tamil and Gujarati with more than five per cent speakers. The …
Language Endangerment in India: An Overview - Language in …
According to this report (the Atlas from here on) India has the largest number of endangered languages in the world followed by United States of America (191) and Brazil (190) …
India's Linguistic Diversity
We compute India's linguistic diversity at the national and state levels; at the two hierarchical levels of languages provided by Census 2011 — language and mother tongue —and for …
Problems and Solutions Faced in Linguistic Diversity in India
According to the Constitution of India, there are 22 oficial languages, including Hindi, English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Gujarati, Urdu, and Punjabi. Hindi is the most widely spoken …
Linguistic history and language diversity in India: Views and …
India is home to a wide variety of languages. The estimates of the actual number of languages vary. Ethnologue (ac-cessed on 10 September 2018) lists 462 individual languages (these …
Linguistic Demography of the Tribal Languages in India
In this paper the Census of India data involving the tribal mother tongues / languages is analysed to investigate (a) the variation and distribution of the population of speakers of different tribal …
The Eighth Schedule Languages- A Critical Appraisal
Languages of the Eighth Schedule through the Decades The four charts below illustrate the composition of the Scheduled and Non-Scheduled Languages in India through decades since …
South Indian language - An overview
South Indian languages include one of the five Dravidian languages of Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Tulu. Plus, these languages additionally fill in as official languages for the …
Map Of Languages In India - omn.am
Language Policy and Linguistic Minorities in India Thomas Benedikter,2009 India not only is concerned with inevitable multilingualism but also with the rights of many millions of speakers …
