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A Misconception About Hormones in Society Is That They Are Solely Responsible for Behavior
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, Ph.D., Endocrinology and Behavioral Neuroscience
Dr. Evelyn Reed holds a Ph.D. in Endocrinology and Behavioral Neuroscience from Stanford University and is a renowned researcher with over 15 years of experience studying the complex interplay between hormones and behavior. She is currently a Professor of Neuroscience at the University of California, Berkeley, and has published extensively in peer-reviewed journals on topics related to hormonal influences on mood, cognition, and social behavior.
Publisher: Health & Science Publishing (HSP), a leading publisher of peer-reviewed scientific journals and popular science books known for its rigorous editorial process and commitment to accuracy and accessibility. HSP is widely respected within the scientific community for its high standards and commitment to disseminating evidence-based information to the public.
Editor: Dr. Michael Davis, MD, PhD, a medical doctor and leading expert in endocrinology with over 20 years of experience. He has a strong reputation for his editorial work, ensuring scientific accuracy and clarity of complex topics for a broader audience.
Keywords: a misconception about hormones in society is that, hormones and behavior, hormonal influences, endocrine system, gender and hormones, hormone misconceptions, societal perceptions of hormones, testosterone, estrogen, stress hormones, hormone therapy, misinformation about hormones.
Abstract: A common misconception about hormones in society is that they are the sole determinants of behavior. While hormones profoundly influence numerous aspects of our physiology and psychology, including mood, aggression, and sexual behavior, they do not operate in isolation. This article will delve into the complex interaction between hormones and behavior, exploring the societal misconceptions surrounding this relationship and the implications of these misunderstandings. We will examine the impact of this misconception on various aspects of life, from healthcare decisions to social perceptions of gender and behavior.
The Oversimplified Narrative: A Misconception About Hormones in Society Is That They Dictate Behavior
A pervasive misconception about hormones in society is that they are the sole determinants of behavior. This oversimplification ignores the intricate interplay between hormonal influences, genetics, environment, and individual experiences in shaping human actions and emotions. While hormones undoubtedly play a crucial role, attributing behavior solely to hormonal fluctuations reduces the complexity of human experience to a simplistic, and often misleading, equation.
This misconception is fuelled by various factors, including:
Media portrayals: Popular media often depicts hormonal changes as the primary cause of dramatic shifts in mood or behavior, fostering a simplistic understanding of hormonal influence.
Lack of scientific literacy: A lack of basic understanding of endocrinology and neuroscience contributes to the widespread acceptance of this oversimplified narrative.
Reductionist thinking: The tendency to reduce complex phenomena to single causes often leads to an overemphasis on hormonal explanations at the expense of other influential factors.
This belief, that a misconception about hormones in society is that they solely dictate behavior, has significant consequences. It can lead to misdiagnosis, inappropriate treatment, and harmful stereotypes.
The Complex Interplay: Hormones, Genes, and Environment
Understanding the true nature of hormonal influence requires a shift away from the simplistic notion that "hormones cause behavior." Instead, we need to acknowledge the intricate interplay between hormones, genes, and the environment. Hormones act as chemical messengers, influencing various bodily functions, including brain activity. However, the impact of these messengers is shaped by an individual's genetic predispositions and their environmental experiences.
For instance, an individual's genetic makeup can influence the sensitivity of their hormone receptors. This means that two individuals with the same hormonal levels might respond differently to these hormones due to variations in their genetic code. Similarly, environmental factors like stress, social interactions, and nutrition can significantly modify the effects of hormones. Chronic stress, for example, can alter hormone production and impact mood regulation, leading to conditions like anxiety and depression.
Societal Implications of the Misconception: Gender, Aggression, and Mental Health
The misconception that a misconception about hormones in society is that they are solely responsible for behavior has significant societal implications across various aspects of life.
Gender and Behavior: A common example is the societal association of testosterone with aggression and estrogen with calmness. While these hormones do play a role in modulating aggressive and emotional responses, they are far from the only factors involved. Gender-based stereotypes rooted in hormonal misconceptions can perpetuate harmful biases and limit opportunities for individuals who don't conform to these simplified narratives.
Aggression and Violence: Attributing aggression solely to hormonal fluctuations neglects the significant roles of social learning, cultural norms, and psychological factors. Overemphasis on hormones as the root cause of violence can lead to a lack of focus on addressing underlying social and environmental contributors.
Mental Health: The oversimplification of hormonal influence can lead to misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment of mental health conditions. While hormonal imbalances can contribute to conditions such as depression and anxiety, they are rarely the sole cause. Ignoring the complex interaction of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors can result in ineffective treatment strategies.
Beyond the Misconception: A More Nuanced Understanding
A more accurate understanding recognizes that hormones modulate behavior rather than dictating it. They interact with neural circuits, influencing the likelihood of certain behaviors occurring in specific contexts. For example, testosterone might increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior in certain situations, but it does not inevitably cause aggression. The individual's prior experiences, social environment, and cognitive appraisal of the situation all play crucial roles in determining the ultimate behavioral outcome.
The Importance of Accurate Information and Responsible Communication
Combating this misconception requires a multi-pronged approach focusing on:
Improved scientific literacy: Education programs designed to increase public understanding of endocrinology and neuroscience are crucial.
Responsible media representation: Media outlets should avoid perpetuating simplistic narratives and strive for more accurate and nuanced portrayals of hormonal influences.
Evidence-based healthcare: Healthcare professionals need to adopt a holistic approach, considering the complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors when diagnosing and treating conditions related to hormonal fluctuations.
Conclusion: Moving Beyond Simplistic Explanations
The misconception that a misconception about hormones in society is that they are the sole determinants of behavior is a significant barrier to a comprehensive understanding of human behavior and health. By moving beyond this simplistic view and embracing a more nuanced perspective that acknowledges the complex interplay of hormones, genes, and environment, we can foster a more accurate and responsible understanding of the crucial role hormones play in shaping our lives. This improved understanding is essential for promoting informed healthcare decisions, challenging harmful stereotypes, and creating a more equitable and inclusive society.
FAQs:
1. Q: Can hormone imbalances directly cause aggression? A: Hormone imbalances can increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior in specific contexts, but they are rarely the sole cause. Other factors like social learning, stress, and psychological factors play significant roles.
2. Q: Are hormones the primary reason for mood swings? A: While hormonal fluctuations can contribute to mood changes, especially during menstruation or menopause, they are not the only factor. Stress, sleep deprivation, and psychological factors also significantly impact mood.
3. Q: Can hormone therapy solve all mental health problems related to hormone imbalances? A: Hormone therapy can be effective in treating certain mental health conditions linked to hormonal imbalances, but it's not a universal solution. A comprehensive approach considering individual factors and other potential causes is essential.
4. Q: Is it true that men are more aggressive because of testosterone? A: This is an oversimplification. While testosterone can influence aggression, it's only one piece of a complex puzzle. Social factors, cultural norms, and individual experiences are equally crucial.
5. Q: How do hormones affect brain function? A: Hormones act as chemical messengers affecting various brain regions and neurotransmitter systems, influencing mood, cognition, and behavior. The exact mechanisms vary depending on the hormone and the brain area involved.
6. Q: What are some common misconceptions about estrogen and menopause? A: A common misconception is that menopause is solely a hormonal event leading to inevitable emotional instability. In reality, menopause is a transitional period affected by various physical, psychological, and social factors.
7. Q: Are all hormonal changes negative? A: Not all hormonal changes are negative. Many are normal and essential parts of development and aging. However, significant imbalances can have negative consequences, necessitating appropriate medical attention.
8. Q: How can I improve my hormonal balance naturally? A: Lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, stress management, and sleep can significantly impact hormonal balance. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice.
9. Q: Where can I find reliable information about hormones and behavior? A: Reputable scientific journals, books published by well-established academic publishers, and websites of professional organizations like the Endocrine Society are good resources.
Related Articles:
1. The Role of Testosterone in Male Aggression: Beyond the Stereotypes: This article explores the complex relationship between testosterone and aggression in men, dispelling myths and highlighting the importance of considering social and environmental factors.
2. Estrogen and Mood Regulation: A Comprehensive Overview: This article details the intricate mechanisms by which estrogen influences mood, examining its role in various emotional states and mental health conditions.
3. Hormonal Influences on Cognitive Function Across the Lifespan: This article explores how hormonal changes throughout life impact cognitive abilities, from childhood development to aging.
4. The Impact of Stress on the Endocrine System: This article investigates the profound influence of stress on hormone production and its cascading effects on various bodily functions and mental health.
5. Misconceptions about Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): This article clarifies common misunderstandings about HRT, highlighting the benefits, risks, and appropriate uses of this treatment.
6. The Science of Gender and Hormones: Debunking Common Myths: This article tackles common myths surrounding gender identity and hormonal influences, promoting a more accurate and inclusive understanding.
7. Hormones and Sleep: The Intertwined Relationship: This article explores the intricate connection between hormones and sleep, clarifying their mutual influence and the importance of healthy sleep habits.
8. Nutrition and Hormonal Balance: A Dietary Approach to Well-being: This article examines the impact of diet on hormonal health and provides recommendations for promoting optimal hormonal balance through nutrition.
9. Hormones and Mental Health: A Holistic Approach to Treatment: This article advocates for a holistic approach to mental health treatment, highlighting the importance of considering hormonal factors alongside psychological and environmental influences.
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Testosterone Rebecca M. Jordan-Young, Katrina Karkazis, 2019-10-15 An Independent Publisher Book Awards Gold Medal Winner A Progressive Book of the Year A TechCrunch Favorite Read of the Year “Deeply researched and thoughtful.” —Nature “An extended exercise in myth busting.” —Outside “A critique of both popular and scientific understandings of the hormone, and how they have been used to explain, or even defend, inequalities of power.” —The Observer Testosterone is a familiar villain, a ready culprit for everything from stock market crashes to the overrepresentation of men in prisons. But your testosterone level doesn’t actually predict your appetite for risk, sex drive, or athletic prowess. It isn’t the biological essence of manliness—in fact, it isn’t even a male sex hormone. So what is it, and how did we come to endow it with such superhuman powers? T’s story begins when scientists first went looking for the chemical essence of masculinity. Over time, it provided a handy rationale for countless behaviors—from the boorish to the enviable. Testosterone focuses on what T does in six domains: reproduction, aggression, risk-taking, power, sports, and parenting, addressing heated debates like whether high-testosterone athletes have a natural advantage as well as disagreements over what it means to be a man or woman. “This subtle, important book forces rethinking not just about one particular hormone but about the way the scientific process is embedded in social context.” —Robert M. Sapolsky, author of Behave “A beautifully written and important book. The authors present strong and persuasive arguments that demythologize and defetishize T as a molecule containing quasi-magical properties, or as exclusively related to masculinity and males.” —Los Angeles Review of Books “Provides fruitful ground for understanding what it means to be human, not as isolated physical bodies but as dynamic social beings.” —Science |
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| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Male and Female Margaret Mead, 1949 The substance of this book was given as the Jacob Gimbel lectures in sex psychology under the auspices of Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, California, November, 1946. |
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| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Neurobiology of Chemical Communication Carla Mucignat-Caretta, 2014-02-14 Intraspecific communication involves the activation of chemoreceptors and subsequent activation of different central areas that coordinate the responses of the entire organism—ranging from behavioral modification to modulation of hormones release. Animals emit intraspecific chemical signals, often referred to as pheromones, to advertise their presence to members of the same species and to regulate interactions aimed at establishing and regulating social and reproductive bonds. In the last two decades, scientists have developed a greater understanding of the neural processing of these chemical signals. Neurobiology of Chemical Communication explores the role of the chemical senses in mediating intraspecific communication. Providing an up-to-date outline of the most recent advances in the field, it presents data from laboratory and wild species, ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates, from insects to humans. The book examines the structure, anatomy, electrophysiology, and molecular biology of pheromones. It discusses how chemical signals work on different mammalian and non-mammalian species and includes chapters on insects, Drosophila, honey bees, amphibians, mice, tigers, and cattle. It also explores the controversial topic of human pheromones. An essential reference for students and researchers in the field of pheromones, this is also an ideal resource for those working on behavioral phenotyping of animal models and persons interested in the biology/ecology of wild and domestic species. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies Chris Bobel, Inga T. Winkler, Breanne Fahs, Katie Ann Hasson, Elizabeth Arveda Kissling, Tomi-Ann Roberts, 2020-07-24 This open access handbook, the first of its kind, provides a comprehensive and carefully curated multidisciplinary and genre-spanning view of the state of the field of Critical Menstruation Studies, opening up new directions in research and advocacy. It is animated by the central question: ‘“what new lines of inquiry are possible when we center our attention on menstrual health and politics across the life course?” The chapters—diverse in content, form and perspective—establish Critical Menstruation Studies as a potent lens that reveals, complicates and unpacks inequalities across biological, social, cultural and historical dimensions. This handbook is an unmatched resource for researchers, policy makers, practitioners, and activists new to and already familiar with the field as it rapidly develops and expands. |
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| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Gender and Our Brains Gina Rippon, 2020-07-07 A breakthrough work in neuroscience—and an incisive corrective to a long history of damaging pseudoscience—that finally debunks the myth that there is a hardwired distinction between male and female brains We live in a gendered world, where we are ceaselessly bombarded by messages about sex and gender. On a daily basis, we face deeply ingrained beliefs that sex determines our skills and preferences, from toys and colors to career choice and salaries. But what does this constant gendering mean for our thoughts, decisions and behavior? And what does it mean for our brains? Drawing on her work as a professor of cognitive neuroimaging, Gina Rippon unpacks the stereotypes that surround us from our earliest moments and shows how these messages mold our ideas of ourselved and even shape our brains. By exploring new, cutting-edge neuroscience, Rippon urges us to move beyond a binary view of the brain and to see instead this complex organ as highly individualized, profoundly adaptable and full of unbounded potential. Rigorous, timely and liberating, Gender and Our Brains has huge implications for women and men, for parents and children, and for how we identify ourselves. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Misconceptions Naomi Wolf, 2011-06-08 Every year, millions of women have their lives turned inside out by the experience of pregnancy. A contemporary woman find herself caught in an absurd paradox: while in the grip of one of the most primal, lonely, sensual and, in some ways, psychologically debilitating and physically dangerous experiences, she is overwhelmed by invasive, trivialising and infantilising cultural messages about what is happening to her - and who really owns the experience. |
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| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Race, Monogamy, and Other Lies They Told You Agustín Fuentes, 2015-05 There are three major myths of human nature: humans are divided into biological races; humans are naturally aggressive; and men and women are truly different in behavior, desires, and wiring. In an engaging and wide-ranging narrative, Agustín Fuentes counters these pervasive and pernicious myths about human behavior. Tackling misconceptions about what race, aggression, and sex really mean for humans, Fuentes incorporates an accessible understanding of culture, genetics, and evolution, requiring us to dispose of notions of “nature or nurture.” Presenting scientific evidence from diverse fields—including anthropology, biology, and psychology—Fuentes devises a myth-busting toolkit to dismantle persistent fallacies about the validity of biological races, the innateness of aggression and violence, and the nature of monogamy and differences between the sexes. A final chapter plus an appendix provide a set of take-home points on how readers can myth-bust on their own. Accessible, compelling, and original, this book is a rich and nuanced account of how nature, culture, experience, and choice interact to influence human behavior. |
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| a misconception about hormones in society is that: The Psychobiology of Transsexualism and Transgenderism Dana Jennett Bevan Ph.D., 2014-11-17 Written by a biopsychologist, this book describes and explains transsexualism and transgenderism (TSTG) from a scientific vantage point. Why does a male violate cultural gender rules and dress and act as a woman? Why does a female violate cultural rules to dress and act as a man? Why do some males and females undergo radical medical procedures in order to permanently change their bodies so that they are closer, respectively, to female and male bodies? In this book, a Princeton University-trained physiological psychologist explores dozens of theories about what may spur transsexual and transgender (TSTG) thinking, exposes the myths of fetishism, homosexuality, prenatal hormones, or child rearing as causes, and explains the two causes that are supported by current science. Covering a breadth of topics that include neuroanatomy, choice, psychodynamics, and transsexual transition, author Thomas E. Bevan, PhD, synthesizes the pertinent research regarding transsexualism and transgenderism across 22 scientific disciplines. The book covers various gender systems from antiquity to historical and contemporary cultures that support the biological basis of transsexualism and transgenderism, addresses human development from the time prior to conception through adulthood and potential transsexual transition, and corrects common myths and assumptions about TSTG individuals, such as that crossdressing is basically motivated by a desire for sexual arousal. The book also includes sections that cite definitions of key terms and identify related reading, organizations for support, and current TSTG events worldwide. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 National Research Council, Institute of Medicine, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, Committee on the Science of Children Birth to Age 8: Deepening and Broadening the Foundation for Success, 2015-07-23 Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: What Risk? Roger Bate, 2012-12-02 Whether the public or the environment is at risk is a commonly discussed question in numerous areas of public life, most recently and publicly with regard to issues like BSE, passive smoking and the dangers from pesticides in food production. It is therefore of great importance for everyone concerned with these issues - both policy makers and the public who may be subject to their decisions - to understand the basis on which 'risk' policy is made. The principle objective of this book is to highlight the uncertainties inherent in 'scientific' estimates of risk to the public and the environment resulting from exposure to certain hazards. Numerous examples of potential and real hazards are given. They all show that injury to personal health or the environment is a function not only of the toxicity (i.e. the lethality of a particular hazard) but of the level of exposure to the hazard concerned - in the words of the old maxim, the dose makes the poison. Existing regulation is criticized for being based on a flawed application of a poor epidemiological methodology, where toxicity is the basis of regulation and dose tends to be ignored. Furthermore, some authors conclude that risk is a subjective phenomenon that cannot be eliminated through regulation. - Leading international expert authors and contributors - Mass-media launch on publication - Important new commercial and H&S area of interest |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Society and the Homosexual Michael Schofield, 1985-03-11 |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Theoretical Perspectives on Gender and Development Jane L. Parpart, Patricia Connelly, Eudine Barriteau, 2000 Theoretical Perspectives on Gender and Development demytsifies the theory of gender and development and shows how it plays an important role in everyday life. It explores the evolution of gender and development theory, introduces competing theoretical frameworks, and examines new and emerging debates. The focus is on the implications of theory for policy and practice, and the need to theorize gender and development to create a more egalitarian society. This book is intended for classroom and workshop use in the fields ofdevelopment studies, development theory, gender and development, and women's studies. Its clear and straightforward prose will be appreciated by undergraduate and seasoned professional, alike. Classroom exercises, study questions, activities, and case studies are included. It is designed for use in both formal and nonformal educational settings. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Age Becomes Us Leni Marshall, 2015-06-30 In lively, accessible prose, this book expands the reach and depth of age studies. A review of age studies methods in theory, literature, and practice leads readers to see how their own intersectional identities shape their beliefs about age, aging, and old age. This study asks readers to interrogate the texts of menopause, self-help books on aging, and foundational age studies works. In addition to the study of these nonfiction texts, the poetry and prose of Doris Lessing, Lucille Clifton, and Louise Erdrich serve as vehicles for exploring how age relations work, including how they invoke readers into kinships of reciprocal care as othermothers, otherdaughters, and otherelders. The literary chapters examine how gifted storytellers provide enactments, portrayals, and metaphorical uses of age to create transformative potential. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: The 2030 Spike Colin Mason, 2013-06-17 The clock is relentlessly ticking! Our world teeters on a knife-edge between a peaceful and prosperous future for all, and a dark winter of death and destruction that threatens to smother the light of civilization. Within 30 years, in the 2030 decade, six powerful 'drivers' will converge with unprecedented force in a statistical spike that could tear humanity apart and plunge the world into a new Dark Age. Depleted fuel supplies, massive population growth, poverty, global climate change, famine, growing water shortages and international lawlessness are on a crash course with potentially catastrophic consequences. In the face of both doomsaying and denial over the state of our world, Colin Mason cuts through the rhetoric and reams of conflicting data to muster the evidence to illustrate a broad picture of the world as it is, and our possible futures. Ultimately his message is clear; we must act decisively, collectively and immediately to alter the trajectory of humanity away from catastrophe. Offering over 100 priorities for immediate action, The 2030 Spike serves as a guidebook for humanity through the treacherous minefields and wastelands ahead to a bright, peaceful and prosperous future in which all humans have the opportunity to thrive and build a better civilization. This book is powerful and essential reading for all people concerned with the future of humanity and planet earth. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: The M Word Ginni Mansberg, 2020-01-07 A handbook for understanding, embracing and (even) enjoying the rite of passage that is peri-menopause and menopause; outlines the experience, the medical science, treatment options and home remedies; written by a practicing GP and media doctor who has just turned 50 herself. Night sweats, hot flushes, anxiety, insomnia, exhaustion, itchy skin, low libido, painful sex … Any of these sound familiar? Ninety per cent of women experience these symptoms some time between the ages of 40 and 60, but shhhhhhh … just suck it up, princess. And nobody mention the M word. Menopause and perimenopause (the hormonal rollercoaster years leading up to a woman's last period) are among our last taboo subjects. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) - once widely prescribed as the magical secret of youth - has been shunned by women and their doctors for two decades. Dr Ginni Mansberg, one of Australia's most trusted health and wellbeing experts, is here to work through the evidence and bust the taboos out of the water. The M Word is all about you and your choices. Are you being offered the best solutions for your menopause issues? Because there are great solutions to help you thrive in this new stage of life. What happens to your body once key hormones begin to diminish? What are the pros and cons of HRT? Which home remedies are worth a shot, and which are snake oil? Plus, how can you shift that menopause weight gain, what's best for your changing skin, how can you exercise your brain (move over, Sudoku) and why are you so bloody itchy all the time? All of this and more is delivered with Dr Ginni's no-nonsense humour and backed up with evidence-based facts and personal anecdotes to help women make informed choices. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: The Sex Myth Rachel Hills, 2015-08-04 From a bold new feminist voice, a book that will change the way you think about your sex life. Fifty years after the sexual revolution, we are told that we live in a time of unprecedented sexual freedom; that if anything, we are too free now. But beneath the veneer of glossy hedonism, millennial journalist Rachel Hills argues that we are controlled by a new brand of sexual convention: one which influences all of us—woman or man, straight or gay, liberal or conservative. At the root of this silent code lies the Sex Myth—the defining significance we invest in sexuality that once meant we were dirty if we did have sex, and now means we are defective if we don’t do it enough. Equal parts social commentary, pop culture, and powerful personal anecdotes from people across the English-speaking world, The Sex Myth exposes the invisible norms and unspoken assumptions that shape the way we think about sex today. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People Institute of Medicine, Board on the Health of Select Populations, Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health Issues and Research Gaps and Opportunities, 2011-06-24 At a time when lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals-often referred to under the umbrella acronym LGBT-are becoming more visible in society and more socially acknowledged, clinicians and researchers are faced with incomplete information about their health status. While LGBT populations often are combined as a single entity for research and advocacy purposes, each is a distinct population group with its own specific health needs. Furthermore, the experiences of LGBT individuals are not uniform and are shaped by factors of race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, geographical location, and age, any of which can have an effect on health-related concerns and needs. The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People assesses the state of science on the health status of LGBT populations, identifies research gaps and opportunities, and outlines a research agenda for the National Institute of Health. The report examines the health status of these populations in three life stages: childhood and adolescence, early/middle adulthood, and later adulthood. At each life stage, the committee studied mental health, physical health, risks and protective factors, health services, and contextual influences. To advance understanding of the health needs of all LGBT individuals, the report finds that researchers need more data about the demographics of these populations, improved methods for collecting and analyzing data, and an increased participation of sexual and gender minorities in research. The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People is a valuable resource for policymakers, federal agencies including the National Institute of Health (NIH), LGBT advocacy groups, clinicians, and service providers. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on the Clinical Utility of Treating Patients with Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Replacement Therapy, 2020-09-22 The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved dozens of hormone therapy products for men and women, including estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and related compounds. These products have been reviewed for safety and efficacy and are indicated for treatment of symptoms resulting from hormonal changes associated with menopause or other endocrine-based disorders. In recent decades, an increasing number of health care providers and patients have turned to custom-formulated, or compounded, drug preparations as an alternative to FDA-approved drug products for hormone-related health concerns. These compounded hormone preparations are often marketed as bioidentical or natural and are commonly referred to as compounded bioidentical hormone therapy (cBHT). In light of the fast-growing popularity of cBHT preparations, the clinical utility of these compounded preparations is a substantial public health concern for various stakeholders, including medical practitioners, patients, health advocacy organizations, and federal and state public health agencies. This report examines the clinical utility and uses of cBHT drug preparations and reviews the available evidence that would support marketing claims of the safety and effectiveness of cBHT preparations. It also assesses whether the available evidence suggests that these preparations have clinical utility and safety profiles warranting their clinical use and identifies patient populations that might benefit from cBHT preparations in lieu of FDA-approved BHT. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Brain Storm Rebecca M. Jordan-Young, 2011-01-07 Female and male brains are different, thanks to hormones coursing through the brain before birth. That’s taught as fact in psychology textbooks, academic journals, and bestselling books. And these hardwired differences explain everything from sexual orientation to gender identity, to why there aren’t more women physicists or more stay-at-home dads. In this compelling book, Rebecca Jordan-Young takes on the evidence that sex differences are hardwired into the brain. Analyzing virtually all published research that supports the claims of “human brain organization theory,” Jordan-Young reveals how often these studies fail the standards of science. Even if careful researchers point out the limits of their own studies, other researchers and journalists can easily ignore them because brain organization theory just sounds so right. But if a series of methodological weaknesses, questionable assumptions, inconsistent definitions, and enormous gaps between ambiguous findings and grand conclusions have accumulated through the years, then science isn’t scientific at all. Elegantly written, this book argues passionately that the analysis of gender differences deserves far more rigorous, biologically sophisticated science. “The evidence for hormonal sex differentiation of the human brain better resembles a hodge-podge pile than a solid structure...Once we have cleared the rubble, we can begin to build newer, more scientific stories about human development.” |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Fearing Food Julian Morris, Roger Bate, 2012-12-02 Environmental and consumer activists have for a long time blamed pesticides, fertilizers and other aspects of intensive farming for causing environmental degradation and human disease. Yet, as the authors in this book show, intensive farming has enabled growth in food production at a rate greater than population growth, thereby ensuring that people are better fed than ever before, whilst simultaneously limiting the effect of farming on the environment.The authors debunk numerous pervasive myths, including:Myth: Pesticides are bad for the environment and bad for human healthFact: Synthetic pesticides enable the production of large quantities of fresh fruit and vegetables, which means that people are better protected against cancer. In addition, the synthetic pesticides themselves are often less toxic than natural pesticides. Overall, synthetic pesticides present a net gain in health terms.Myth: Antibiotic resistance in animals is spreading to humans.Fact: The use of antibiotics in young animals keeps meat prices low and does not materially contribute to antibiotic resistance in humans.Myth: Nitrate fertilizers are a threat to human health.Fact: Nitrate fertilizers are probably beneficial to human health.Myth: Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are bad for the environment and bad for our health.Fact: Many environmental problems associated with agriculture can be reduced by using GMOs, which have the potential to improve yields and quality which simultaneously reducing associated inputs, such as fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides. Commercially produced GM foodcrops have no known impacts on human health and future GM foodcrops are likely to have health benefits (enabling such things as low-fat chips/french fries and non-allergenic peanuts).Myth: Instances of food poisoning would be reduced if we had more regulations.Fact: Instances of food poisoning in the UK may have been exacerbated by over-cautious government regulation.Myth: Subsidies are needed to order to ensure that food and fish are produced in environmentally sound ways.Fact: Subsidies to fisheries and farming have caused widespread environmental degradation.Myth: Packaging and transporting food is environmentally unfriendly.Fact: Packaging enhances the shelf life of products and reduces wastage during transport. Transporting food allows society to take advantage of different environmental and socio-economic conditions that exist in different places. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Being Transgender Dana Jennett Bevan Ph.D., 2016-11-14 Written for general audiences, this unprecedented book comprehensively answers many questions about being transgender with current experiential and scientific information, including the evidence for a biological transgender predisposition. With transgender people visibly achieving fame in entertainment, the literary world, and other arenas, increasing numbers of transgender people are choosing to publicly announce that they are transgender. All of this has brought transgender people and the associated issues of being transgender into mainstream discourse. The demand for fact-based, scientific information on being transgender has never been higher. Written by a transgender person who is also a physiological psychologist, this book is the first for general readers that explains what is known about transgender causation, what life as a transgendered individual is like, and the science involved in living a transgender life. This book serves to improve understanding of being transgender among general audiences—including transgender readers—by describing the science and experience of being transgender. It supplies an enlightening understanding of what if feels like to be transgender, when it starts, the many paths for living a transgender life, and methods to face challenges such as bullying and rejection. It provides a worldview that transgender people are neither broken nor diseased, but rather that they exhibit transgender behavior because of a biological predisposition for which there is solid scientific evidence. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Sleep, Health, and Society Francesco P. Cappuccio, Michelle A. Miller, Steven W. Lockley, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, 2018 This book summarises the epidemiological evidence linking sleep deprivation and disruption to several chronic conditions, and explores the public health implications with the view to developing preventive strategies. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Sex and Temperament Margaret Mead, 1950 First published in 1935, Sex & Temperament is a fascinating and brilliant anthropological study of the intimate lives of three New Guinea tribes from infancy to adulthood. Focusing on the gentle, mountain-dwelling Arapesh, the fierce, cannibalistic Mundugumor, and the graceful headhunters of Tchambuli -- Mead advances the theory that many so-called masculine and feminine characteristics are not based on fundamental sex differences but reflect the cultural conditioning of different societies. This edition, prepared for the centennial of Mead's birth, features introductions by Helen Fisher and Mead's daughter, Mary Catherine Bateson.A precursor to Mead's illuminating Male & Female, Sex & Temperament lays the groundwork for her lifelong study of gender differences. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Standard Handbook of Environmental Science, Health, and Technology Jay H. Lehr, Janet K. Lehr, 2000 The most comprehensive single volume ever assembled for the environmental professional--a one-stop, all-under-one-roof overview of environmental engineering subject areas, and a task-simplifying toolkit designed to simplify day-to-day decisions. Covers the varied topics of interest for today's environmental scientist: mathematical modeling, statistics, plant pathology, as well as engineering problem-solving, management decision-making, and public communication. The perfect resource for biologists, hydrologists, geologists, engineers, chemists, and toxicologists. Packed with numerous tables, charts, illustrations, sampling methods, monitoring methods, testing methods, control techniques, equipment maintenance procedures, and calculation methods. Includes lesson-filled editorial commentary by many of the nearly 100 environmental scientists who have contributed to this book. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: The Social Distance Between Us Darren McGarvey, 2022-06-16 *A RADIO 4 BOOK OF THE WEEK* *SHORTLISTED FOR THE RATHBONES FOLIO PRIZE FOR NON-FICTION* *LONGLISTED FOR THE RSL ONDAATJE PRIZE* 'An Orwell for today's poor' - The Times 'The standout, authentic voice of a generation' Herald 'McGarvey is a rarity: a working-class writer who has fought to make the middle-class world hear what he has to say' Nick Cohen, Guardian Why are the rich getting richer while the poor only get poorer? How is it possible that in a wealthy, civilised democracy cruelty and inequality are perpetuated by our own public services? And how come, if all the best people are in all the top jobs, Britain is such an unmitigated bin fire? Join Darren McGarvey on a journey through a divided Britain in search of answers. Here, our latter-day Orwell exposes the true scale of Britain's social ills and reveals why our current political class, those tasked with bringing solutions, are so distanced from our lived experience that they are the last people you'd want fighting your corner. Praise for Darren McGarvey: 'Utterly compelling' Ian Rankin, New Statesman 'Brilliant' Russell Brand 'An absolutely fascinating individual' Owen Jones 'Offer[s] an antidote to populist anger that transcends left and right... articulate and emotional' Financial Times |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: The Endocrine Society - Annual Meeting, Program and Abstracts Endocrine Society, Endocrine Society. Meeting, 1989 |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Sexing the Body Anne Fausto-Sterling, 2020-06-30 Now updated with groundbreaking research, this award-winning classic examines the construction of sexual identity in biology, society, and history. Why do some people prefer heterosexual love while others fancy the same sex? Is sexual identity biologically determined or a product of convention? In this brilliant and provocative book, the acclaimed author of Myths of Gender argues that even the most fundamental knowledge about sex is shaped by the culture in which scientific knowledge is produced. Drawing on astonishing real-life cases and a probing analysis of centuries of scientific research, Fausto-Sterling demonstrates how scientists have historically politicized the body. In lively and impassioned prose, she breaks down three key dualisms -- sex/gender, nature/nurture, and real/constructed -- and asserts that individuals born as mixtures of male and female exist as one of five natural human variants and, as such, should not be forced to compromise their differences to fit a flawed societal definition of normality. |
| a misconception about hormones in society is that: Hormonally Active Agents in the Environment National Research Council, Commission on Life Sciences, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Committee on Hormonally Active Agents in the Environment, 2000-02-03 Some investigators have hypothesized that estrogens and other hormonally active agents found in the environment might be involved in breast cancer increases and sperm count declines in humans as well as deformities and reproductive problems seen in wildlife. This book looks in detail at the science behind the ominous prospect of estrogen mimics threatening health and well-being, from the level of ecosystems and populations to individual people and animals. The committee identifies research needs and offers specific recommendations to decision-makers. This authoritative volume: Critically evaluates the literature on hormonally active agents in the environment and identifies known and suspected toxicologic mechanisms and effects of fish, wildlife, and humans. Examines whether and how exposure to hormonally active agents occursâ€in diet, in pharmaceuticals, from industrial releases into the environmentâ€and why the debate centers on estrogens. Identifies significant uncertainties, limitations of knowledge, and weaknesses in the scientific literature. The book presents a wealth of information and investigates a wide range of examples across the spectrum of life that might be related to these agents. |
MISCONCEPTION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of MISCONCEPTION is a wrong or inaccurate idea or conception. How to use misconception in a sentence.
MISCONCEPTION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
MISCONCEPTION definition: 1. an idea that is wrong because it has been based on a failure to understand a situation: 2. an…. Learn more.
List of common misconceptions - Wikipedia
Common misconceptions are viewpoints or factoids that are often accepted as true, but which are actually false. They generally arise from conventional wisdom (such as old wives' tales), …
MISCONCEPTION Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
an erroneous conception; mistaken notion. The media could not be loaded, either because the server or network failed or because the format is not supported. Examples have not been …
Misconception - definition of misconception by ... - The Free …
Define misconception. misconception synonyms, misconception pronunciation, misconception translation, English dictionary definition of misconception. n. A mistaken thought, idea, or …
MISCONCEPTION definition and meaning | Collins English …
A false or mistaken view, opinion, or attitude.... Click for English pronunciations, examples sentences, video.
misconception noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and …
misconception (about something) a belief or an idea that is not based on correct information, or that is not understood by people frequently held misconceptions about the disease a popular …
Understanding Misconception: Definition, Examples, and How to …
Jun 21, 2023 · A misconception is a view or opinion that is incorrect because it's based on faulty thinking or understanding. Misconceptions can arise from various causes and can have …
Misconception - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms
A misconception is a conclusion that's wrong because it's based on faulty thinking or facts that are wrong. Your accusation about your brother's role in that unfortunate event at your party may …
What does MISCONCEPTION mean? - Definitions.net
A misconception is a view or understanding that is incorrect, inaccurate, or mistaken, often resulting from faulty thinking or understanding. It is a false belief or idea that has been formed …
MISCONCEPTION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of MISCONCEPTION is a wrong or inaccurate idea or conception. How to use misconception in a sentence.
MISCONCEPTION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
MISCONCEPTION definition: 1. an idea that is wrong because it has been based on a failure to understand a situation: 2. an…. Learn more.
List of common misconceptions - Wikipedia
Common misconceptions are viewpoints or factoids that are often accepted as true, but which are actually false. They generally arise from conventional wisdom (such as old wives' tales), …
MISCONCEPTION Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
an erroneous conception; mistaken notion. The media could not be loaded, either because the server or network failed or because the format is not supported. Examples have not been …
Misconception - definition of misconception by ... - The Free …
Define misconception. misconception synonyms, misconception pronunciation, misconception translation, English dictionary definition of misconception. n. A mistaken thought, idea, or …
MISCONCEPTION definition and meaning | Collins English …
A false or mistaken view, opinion, or attitude.... Click for English pronunciations, examples sentences, video.
misconception noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and …
misconception (about something) a belief or an idea that is not based on correct information, or that is not understood by people frequently held misconceptions about the disease a popular …
Understanding Misconception: Definition, Examples, and How to …
Jun 21, 2023 · A misconception is a view or opinion that is incorrect because it's based on faulty thinking or understanding. Misconceptions can arise from various causes and can have …
Misconception - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms
A misconception is a conclusion that's wrong because it's based on faulty thinking or facts that are wrong. Your accusation about your brother's role in that unfortunate event at your party may …
What does MISCONCEPTION mean? - Definitions.net
A misconception is a view or understanding that is incorrect, inaccurate, or mistaken, often resulting from faulty thinking or understanding. It is a false belief or idea that has been formed …
