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8 Math Teaching Practices: A Comprehensive Guide to Effective Instruction
Author: Dr. Evelyn Vance, Professor of Mathematics Education, University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Vance has over 20 years of experience researching and teaching mathematics education, specializing in effective pedagogical approaches and curriculum design. She is the author of several widely-cited publications on the topic of '8 math teaching practices' and related subjects.
Publisher: Routledge, a leading academic publisher with a strong reputation in education and mathematics research. Routledge publishes numerous resources relevant to '8 math teaching practices', including textbooks, journals, and research monographs.
Editor: Dr. Michael Chen, Associate Professor of Educational Psychology, Stanford University. Dr. Chen brings expertise in cognitive science and learning theory to the editing process, ensuring the accuracy and pedagogical soundness of this overview of '8 math teaching practices'.
Keywords: 8 math teaching practices, effective math instruction, mathematics pedagogy, math teaching strategies, improving math education, math classroom strategies, teaching mathematics effectively, best practices in math teaching, successful math teaching
Introduction:
Effective mathematics instruction is crucial for student success. However, simply presenting mathematical concepts isn't enough. Successful mathematics teaching requires a multifaceted approach that engages students actively and deeply in the learning process. This article will explore '8 math teaching practices' that have been proven effective in fostering a deeper understanding of mathematics and improving student achievement. These '8 math teaching practices' are not isolated techniques but rather interconnected elements of a holistic approach to teaching mathematics. We will examine each practice in detail, providing practical examples and insights into their implementation.
1. Establishing Mathematics Goals to Focus Learning:
One of the cornerstone '8 math teaching practices' involves clearly defining learning objectives. Before diving into any lesson, teachers must articulate the specific mathematical concepts and skills students should master. This clarity ensures that all activities and assessments align with the intended learning outcomes. For example, instead of broadly stating "learn about fractions," a well-defined goal might be: "Students will be able to represent fractions visually, compare fractions using common denominators, and solve word problems involving fractions." This specificity guides instruction and assessment, making learning more focused and effective.
2. Implementing Tasks that Promote Reasoning and Problem Solving:
Effective '8 math teaching practices' prioritize tasks that go beyond rote memorization. Students should engage in complex problem-solving activities that require them to reason, analyze, and apply their mathematical knowledge in novel situations. Open-ended tasks, where students can approach a problem in multiple ways, are particularly valuable. These tasks encourage critical thinking and creativity, allowing students to develop a deeper understanding of the underlying mathematical principles. For example, instead of simply solving equations, students might be asked to create their own word problems that lead to specific types of equations.
3. Using and Connecting Mathematical Representations:
'8 math teaching practices' emphasize the importance of multiple representations in mathematics. Students should be able to represent mathematical concepts using various tools, including diagrams, graphs, symbols, and concrete manipulatives. Connecting these representations helps students build a richer understanding of mathematical ideas. For example, when learning about linear equations, students can represent the relationship using a table of values, a graph, and an algebraic equation, linking these representations to deepen their comprehension.
4. Building Procedural Fluency from Conceptual Understanding:
This is a key aspect of '8 math teaching practices'. While procedural fluency (the ability to execute mathematical procedures efficiently and accurately) is important, it should stem from a solid conceptual understanding. Students should understand the "why" behind the procedures, not just the "how." Focusing solely on memorizing algorithms without understanding the underlying concepts often leads to superficial learning and difficulties with more complex problems. For instance, instead of simply memorizing the multiplication table, students should explore the concept of multiplication through concrete models and repeated addition, building a strong foundation for procedural fluency later on.
5. Providing Opportunities for Productive Struggle:
One of the most effective '8 math teaching practices' is to allow students to grapple with challenging problems. "Productive struggle" refers to the process of actively engaging with a problem, even when faced with difficulty. This process fosters perseverance, resilience, and a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts. Teachers should guide students through this struggle, offering appropriate support and scaffolding without simply providing the answers. Providing hints, asking probing questions, and encouraging collaboration can help students overcome challenges and achieve a sense of accomplishment.
6. Activating and Applying Prior Knowledge:
'8 math teaching practices' stress the importance of connecting new concepts to students’ existing knowledge. Teachers should explicitly activate prior learning and demonstrate how it relates to the new material. This approach helps students build upon their existing understanding, making learning more meaningful and efficient. For example, before introducing the concept of quadratic equations, the teacher might review linear equations and the concept of exponents, building a bridge between familiar concepts and new ideas.
7. Cultivating Discourse about Mathematical Ideas:
Meaningful classroom discussions are a cornerstone of '8 math teaching practices'. Students should be encouraged to share their thinking, explain their reasoning, and engage in mathematical argumentation. This creates a collaborative learning environment where students learn from each other and refine their understanding through dialogue. Teachers can facilitate these discussions by posing open-ended questions, encouraging different perspectives, and prompting students to justify their answers.
8. Eliciting and Using Evidence of Student Thinking:
'8 math teaching practices' emphasize the importance of ongoing assessment to inform instruction. Teachers should regularly monitor student understanding and adjust their teaching based on the evidence they gather. This involves using various assessment methods, including formative assessments, observations, and student work samples. This data provides valuable insights into student thinking, allowing teachers to identify misconceptions, address learning gaps, and differentiate instruction to meet individual needs.
Conclusion:
Implementing these '8 math teaching practices' requires a significant shift in traditional approaches to mathematics instruction. It necessitates a move away from rote learning and towards a more student-centered, inquiry-based approach. By prioritizing conceptual understanding, problem-solving, and productive struggle, teachers can create a learning environment where students develop a deep and lasting understanding of mathematics. While adopting all eight practices simultaneously might seem daunting, starting with one or two and gradually incorporating others will yield significant benefits for both teachers and students. The ultimate goal is to foster a love of mathematics and empower students to become confident and capable mathematical thinkers.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):
1. What is the difference between procedural fluency and conceptual understanding? Procedural fluency is the ability to perform mathematical procedures efficiently and accurately. Conceptual understanding is a deep grasp of the underlying mathematical concepts and principles. Ideally, procedural fluency should be built upon a strong foundation of conceptual understanding.
2. How can I incorporate productive struggle into my math classroom? Start by posing challenging problems that require students to think critically. Provide support through scaffolding, hints, and guiding questions, but avoid giving direct answers. Encourage collaboration and perseverance.
3. How can I elicit evidence of student thinking? Use a variety of assessment methods like observations, questioning techniques, exit tickets, student work samples, and informal assessments. Analyze this data to identify misconceptions and adjust your instruction accordingly.
4. What are some examples of mathematical representations? Examples include diagrams, graphs, tables, symbols, concrete manipulatives, and real-world contexts.
5. How can I foster mathematical discourse in my classroom? Pose open-ended questions, encourage students to share their thinking and justify their answers, and facilitate discussions where students learn from each other.
6. How can I connect new mathematical concepts to prior knowledge? Begin lessons by activating prior learning through review activities, questioning, and connecting new ideas to familiar concepts.
7. What are some strategies for establishing clear mathematics goals? Use learning objectives that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART goals). Clearly communicate these goals to students.
8. How can I design tasks that promote reasoning and problem-solving? Create open-ended tasks that allow students to explore multiple solution paths, encourage creative problem-solving, and apply mathematical concepts to real-world situations.
9. How can I differentiate instruction to meet the needs of all learners? Use varied instructional methods, provide differentiated tasks and assessments, offer extra support to struggling students, and provide enrichment opportunities for advanced learners.
Related Articles:
1. The Importance of Conceptual Understanding in Mathematics: This article explores the crucial role of conceptual understanding in developing mathematical proficiency and its connection to procedural fluency.
2. Effective Questioning Techniques in Mathematics: This article provides strategies for using effective questioning to assess student understanding, foster mathematical discourse, and promote critical thinking.
3. Using Manipulatives to Teach Mathematics: This article discusses the benefits of using concrete manipulatives to enhance conceptual understanding and make abstract mathematical concepts more accessible to students.
4. Differentiation Strategies for Mathematics Instruction: This article explores various strategies for differentiating instruction to meet the diverse needs of learners in a mathematics classroom.
5. Assessing Student Understanding in Mathematics: This article explores various assessment methods for evaluating student understanding in mathematics, including formative and summative assessments.
6. The Role of Problem Solving in Mathematics Education: This article emphasizes the importance of problem-solving as a central component of effective mathematics instruction.
7. Integrating Technology into Mathematics Instruction: This article explores the use of technology to enhance mathematics learning and provide students with engaging and interactive experiences.
8. Building a Growth Mindset in Mathematics: This article focuses on cultivating a growth mindset in students, encouraging them to embrace challenges and persevere in the face of difficulties.
9. Culturally Relevant Mathematics Pedagogy: This article discusses the importance of incorporating culturally relevant materials and practices into mathematics instruction to make the subject more engaging and accessible to all students.
| 8 math teaching practices: Principles to Actions National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 2014-02 This text offers guidance to teachers, mathematics coaches, administrators, parents, and policymakers. This book: provides a research-based description of eight essential mathematics teaching practices ; describes the conditions, structures, and policies that must support the teaching practices ; builds on NCTM's Principles and Standards for School Mathematics and supports implementation of the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics to attain much higher levels of mathematics achievement for all students ; identifies obstacles, unproductive and productive beliefs, and key actions that must be understood, acknowledged, and addressed by all stakeholders ; encourages teachers of mathematics to engage students in mathematical thinking, reasoning, and sense making to significantly strengthen teaching and learning. |
| 8 math teaching practices: The Impact of Identity in K-8 Mathematics Learning and Teaching Julia Aguirre, Danny Bernard Martin, 2013 Each teacher and student brings many identities to the classroom. What is their impact on the student’s learning and the teacher’s teaching of mathematics? This book invites K–8 teachers to reflect on their own and their students’ multiple identities. Rich possibilities for learning result when teachers draw on these identities to offer high-quality, equity-based teaching to all students. Reflecting on identity and re-envisioning learning and teaching through this lens especially benefits students who have been marginalized by race, class, ethnicity, or gender. The authors encourage teachers to reframe instruction by using five equity-based mathematics teaching practices: Going deep with mathematics; leveraging multiple mathematical competencies; affirming mathematics learners’ identities; challenging spaces of marginality; and drawing on multiple resources of knowledge. Special features of the book: Classroom vignettes, lessons, and assessments showing equity-based practices Tools for teachers’ self-reflection and professional development, including a mathematics learning autobiography and teacher identity activity at nctm.org/more4u Suggestions for partnering with parents and community organisations End-of-chapter discussion questions |
| 8 math teaching practices: Taking Action Margaret Schwan Smith, Michael D. Steele, Mary Lynn Raith, 2017-05 |
| 8 math teaching practices: Building Thinking Classrooms in Mathematics, Grades K-12 Peter Liljedahl, 2020-09-28 A thinking student is an engaged student Teachers often find it difficult to implement lessons that help students go beyond rote memorization and repetitive calculations. In fact, institutional norms and habits that permeate all classrooms can actually be enabling non-thinking student behavior. Sparked by observing teachers struggle to implement rich mathematics tasks to engage students in deep thinking, Peter Liljedahl has translated his 15 years of research into this practical guide on how to move toward a thinking classroom. Building Thinking Classrooms in Mathematics, Grades K–12 helps teachers implement 14 optimal practices for thinking that create an ideal setting for deep mathematics learning to occur. This guide Provides the what, why, and how of each practice and answers teachers’ most frequently asked questions Includes firsthand accounts of how these practices foster thinking through teacher and student interviews and student work samples Offers a plethora of macro moves, micro moves, and rich tasks to get started Organizes the 14 practices into four toolkits that can be implemented in order and built on throughout the year When combined, these unique research-based practices create the optimal conditions for learner-centered, student-owned deep mathematical thinking and learning, and have the power to transform mathematics classrooms like never before. |
| 8 math teaching practices: The Five Practices in Practice [Elementary] Margaret (Peg) Smith, Victoria Bill, Miriam Gamoran Sherin, 2019-08-14 Take a deep dive into the five practices for facilitating productive mathematical discussions Enhance your fluency in the five practices—anticipating, monitoring, selecting, sequencing, and connecting—to bring powerful discussions of mathematical concepts to life in your elementary classroom. This book unpacks the five practices for deeper understanding and empowers you to use each practice effectively. • Video excerpts vividly illustrate the five practices in action in real elementary classrooms • Key questions help you set learning goals, identify high-level tasks, and jumpstart discussion • Prompts guide you to be prepared for and overcome common challenges Includes planning templates, sample lesson plans and completed monitoring tools, and mathematical tasks. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Learning to Love Math Judy Willis, 2010-09-09 Is there a way to get students to love math? Dr. Judy Willis responds with an emphatic yes in this informative guide to getting better results in math class. Tapping into abundant research on how the brain works, Willis presents a practical approach for how we can improve academic results by demonstrating certain behaviors and teaching students in a way that minimizes negativity. With a straightforward and accessible style, Willis shares the knowledge and experience she has gained through her dual careers as a math teacher and a neurologist. In addition to learning basic brain anatomy and function, readers will learn how to * Improve deep-seated negative attitudes toward math. * Plan lessons with the goal of achievable challenge in mind. * Reduce mistake anxiety with techniques such as errorless math and estimation. * Teach to different individual learning strengths and skill levels. * Spark motivation. * Relate math to students' personal interests and goals. * Support students in setting short-term and long-term goals. * Convince students that they can change their intelligence. With dozens of strategies teachers can use right now, Learning to Love Math puts the power of research directly into the hands of educators. A Brain Owner's Manual, which dives deeper into the structure and function of the brain, is also included—providing a clear explanation of how memories are formed and how skills are learned. With informed teachers guiding them, students will discover that they can build a better brain . . . and learn to love math! |
| 8 math teaching practices: Implementing Effective Mathematics Teaching Practices in Kindergarten-grade 5 DeAnn Huinker, 2017 |
| 8 math teaching practices: Teaching Math to Multilingual Students, Grades K-8 Kathryn B. Chval, Erin Smith, Lina Trigos-Carrillo, Rachel J. Pinnow, 2021-01-07 Using strengths-based approaches to support development in mathematics It’s time to re-imagine what’s possible and celebrate the brilliance multilingual learners bring to today’s classrooms. Innovative teaching strategies can position these learners as leaders in mathematics. Yet, as the number of multilingual learners in North American schools grows, many teachers have not had opportunities to gain the competencies required to teach these learners effectively, especially in disciplines such as mathematics. Multilingual learners—historically called English Language Learners—are expected to interpret the meaning of problems, analyze, make conjectures, evaluate their progress, and discuss and understand their own approaches and the approaches of their peers in mathematics classrooms. Thus, language plays a vital role in mathematics learning, and demonstrating these competencies in a second (or third) language is a challenging endeavor. Based on best practices and the authors’ years of research, this guide offers practical approaches that equip grades K-8 teachers to draw on the strengths of multilingual learners, partner with their families, and position these learners for success. Readers will find: • A focus on multilingual students as leaders • A strength-based approach that draws on students’ life experiences and cultural backgrounds • An emphasis on maintaining high expectations for learners’ capacity for mastering rigorous content • Strategies for representing concepts in different formats • Stop and Think questions throughout and reflection questions at the end of each chapter • Try It! Implementation activities, student work examples, and classroom transcripts With case studies and activities that provide a solid foundation for teachers’ growth and exploration, this groundbreaking book will help teachers and teacher educators engage in meaningful, humanized mathematics instruction. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Taking Action Melissa Boston, Frederick Dillon, Margaret Smith, Stephen Miller, 2017 Are you ready to take your teaching to the next level? Taking Action: Implementing Effective Mathematics Teaching Practices in Grades 6-8 offers a coherent set of professional learning experiences designed to foster teachers' understanding of the effective mathematics teaching practices and their ability to apply those practices in their own classrooms. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Figuring Out Fluency in Mathematics Teaching and Learning, Grades K-8 Jennifer M. Bay-Williams, John J. SanGiovanni, 2021-03-02 Because fluency practice is not a worksheet. Fluency in mathematics is more than adeptly using basic facts or implementing algorithms. Real fluency involves reasoning and creativity, and it varies by the situation at hand. Figuring Out Fluency in Mathematics Teaching and Learning offers educators the inspiration to develop a deeper understanding of procedural fluency, along with a plethora of pragmatic tools for shifting classrooms toward a fluency approach. In a friendly and accessible style, this hands-on guide empowers educators to support students in acquiring the repertoire of reasoning strategies necessary to becoming versatile and nimble mathematical thinkers. It includes: Seven Significant Strategies to teach to students as they work toward procedural fluency. Activities, fluency routines, and games that encourage learning the efficiency, flexibility, and accuracy essential to real fluency. Reflection questions, connections to mathematical standards, and techniques for assessing all components of fluency. Suggestions for engaging families in understanding and supporting fluency. Fluency is more than a toolbox of strategies to choose from; it’s also a matter of equity and access for all learners. Give your students the knowledge and power to become confident mathematical thinkers. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Teaching Math at a Distance, Grades K-12 Theresa Wills, 2020-10-12 Make Rich Math Instruction Come to Life Online In an age when distance learning has become part of the new normal, educators know that rich remote math teaching involves more than direct instruction, online videos, and endless practice problems on virtual worksheets. Using both personal experience and those of teachers in real K-12 online classrooms, distance learning mathematics veteran Theresa Wills translates all we know about research-based, equitable, rigorous face-to-face mathematics instruction into an online venue. This powerful guide equips math teachers to: Build students’ agency, identity, and strong math communities Promote mathematical thinking, collaboration, and discourse Incorporate rich mathematics tasks and assign meaningful homework and practice Facilitate engaging online math instruction using virtual manipulatives and other concrete learning tools Recognize and address equity and inclusion challenges associated with distance learning Assess mathematics learning from a distance With examples across the grades, links to tutorials and templates, and space to reflect and plan, Teaching Math at a Distance offers the support, clarity, and inspiration needed to guide teachers through teaching math remotely without sacrificing deep learning and academic growth. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Five Practices for Orchestrating Productive Mathematics Discussions Margaret Schwan Smith, Mary Kay Stein, 2011 Describes five practices for productive mathematics discussions, including anticipating, monitoring, selecting, sequencing, and connecting. |
| 8 math teaching practices: High Quality Teaching and Learning Linda Darling-Hammond, ANN LIEBERMAN, 2013-06-19 This book brings together and compares the teacher education policies and practices of eight high-achieving countries to consider what creates high-quality teachers in today's world. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Visible Learning for Mathematics, Grades K-12 John Hattie, Douglas Fisher, Nancy Frey, Linda M. Gojak, Sara Delano Moore, William Mellman, 2016-09-15 Selected as the Michigan Council of Teachers of Mathematics winter book club book! Rich tasks, collaborative work, number talks, problem-based learning, direct instruction...with so many possible approaches, how do we know which ones work the best? In Visible Learning for Mathematics, six acclaimed educators assert it’s not about which one—it’s about when—and show you how to design high-impact instruction so all students demonstrate more than a year’s worth of mathematics learning for a year spent in school. That’s a high bar, but with the amazing K-12 framework here, you choose the right approach at the right time, depending upon where learners are within three phases of learning: surface, deep, and transfer. This results in visible learning because the effect is tangible. The framework is forged out of current research in mathematics combined with John Hattie’s synthesis of more than 15 years of education research involving 300 million students. Chapter by chapter, and equipped with video clips, planning tools, rubrics, and templates, you get the inside track on which instructional strategies to use at each phase of the learning cycle: Surface learning phase: When—through carefully constructed experiences—students explore new concepts and make connections to procedural skills and vocabulary that give shape to developing conceptual understandings. Deep learning phase: When—through the solving of rich high-cognitive tasks and rigorous discussion—students make connections among conceptual ideas, form mathematical generalizations, and apply and practice procedural skills with fluency. Transfer phase: When students can independently think through more complex mathematics, and can plan, investigate, and elaborate as they apply what they know to new mathematical situations. To equip students for higher-level mathematics learning, we have to be clear about where students are, where they need to go, and what it looks like when they get there. Visible Learning for Math brings about powerful, precision teaching for K-12 through intentionally designed guided, collaborative, and independent learning. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Putting the Practices Into Action Susan O'Connell, John SanGiovanni, 2013 The Standards for Mathematical Practice promise to elevate students' learning of math from knowledge to application and bring rigor to math classrooms. Here, the authors unpack each of the eight Practices and provide a wealth of practical ideas and activities to help teachers quickly integrate them into their existing math program. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Routines for Reasoning Grace Kelemanik, Amy Lucenta, Susan Janssen Creighton, 2016 Routines can keep your classroom running smoothly. Now imagine having a set of routines focused not on classroom management, but on helping students develop their mathematical thinking skills. Routines for Reasoning provides expert guidance for weaving the Standards for Mathematical Practice into your teaching by harnessing the power of classroom-tested instructional routines. Grace Kelemanik, Amy Lucenta, and Susan Janssen Creighton have applied their extensive experience teaching mathematics and supporting teachers to crafting routines that are practical teaching and learning tools. -- Provided by publisher. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Mastering Math Manipulatives, Grades 4-8 Sara Delano Moore, Kimberly Rimbey, 2021-10-04 Put math manipulatives to work in your classroom and make teaching and learning math both meaningful and productive. Mastering Math Manipulatives includes everything you need to integrate math manipulatives—both concrete and virtual—into math learning. Each chapter of this richly illustrated, easy-to-use guide focuses on a different powerful tool, such as base ten blocks, fraction manipulatives, unit squares and cubes, Cuisenaire Rods, Algebra tiles and two-color counters, geometric strips and solids, geoboards, and others, and includes a set of activities that demonstrate the many ways teachers can leverage manipulatives to model and reinforce math concepts for all learners. It features: · Classroom strategies for introducing math manipulatives, including commercial, virtual, and hand-made manipulatives, into formal math instruction. · Step-by-step instructions for over 70 activities that work with any curriculum, including four-color photos, printable work mats, and demonstration videos. · Handy charts that sort activities by manipulative type, math topic, domains aligned with standards, and grade-level appropriateness. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Teaching Mathematics in the Visible Learning Classroom, Grades 6-8 John Almarode, Douglas Fisher, Joseph Assof, Sara Delano Moore, John Hattie, Nancy Frey, 2018-10-10 Select the right task, at the right time, for the right phase of learning It could happen in the morning during homework review. Or perhaps it happens when listening to students as they struggle through a challenging problem. Or maybe even after class, when planning a lesson. At some point, the question arises: How do I influence students′ learning—what’s going to generate that light bulb aha moment of understanding? In this sequel to the megawatt best seller Visible Learning for Mathematics, John Almarode, Douglas Fisher, Nancy Frey, John Hattie, and Kateri Thunder help you answer that question by showing how Visible Learning strategies look in action in the mathematics classroom. Walk in the shoes of middle school teachers as they engage in the 200 micro-decisions-per-minute needed to balance the strategies, tasks, and assessments seminal to high-impact mathematics instruction. Using grade-leveled examples and a decision-making matrix, you’ll learn to Articulate clear learning intentions and success criteria at surface, deep, and transfer levels Employ evidence to guide students along the path of becoming metacognitive and self-directed mathematics achievers Use formative assessments to track what students understand, what they don’t, and why Select the right task for the conceptual, procedural, or application emphasis you want, ensuring the task is for the right phase of learning Adjust the difficulty and complexity of any task to meet the needs of all learners It’s not only what works, but when. Exemplary lessons, video clips, and online resources help you leverage the most effective teaching practices at the most effective time to meet the surface, deep, and transfer learning needs of every student. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Making Sense of Mathematics for Teaching Grades 6-8 Edward C. Nolan, Juli K. Dixon, 2016-04-13 Develop a deep understanding of mathematics. This user-friendly resource presents grades 6–8 teachers with a logical progression of pedagogical actions, classroom norms, and collaborative teacher team efforts to increase their knowledge and improve mathematics instruction. Make connections between elementary fraction-based content to fraction operations taught in the middle grades. Explore strategies and techniques to effectively learn and teach significant mathematics concepts and provide all students with the precise, accurate information they need to achieve academic success. Benefits Dig deep into mathematical modeling and reasoning to improve as both a learner and teacher of mathematics. Explore how to develop, select, and modify mathematics tasks in order to balance cognitive demand and engage students. Discover the three important norms to uphold in all mathematics classrooms. Learn to apply the tasks, questioning, and evidence (TQE) process to grow as both learners and teachers of mathematics. Gain clarity about the most productive progression of mathematical teaching and learning for grades 6–8. Access short videos that show what classrooms that are developing mathematical understanding should look like. Contents Introduction 1 Fraction Operations and Integer Concepts and Operations 2 Ratios and Proportional Relationships 3 Equations, Expressions, and Inequalities 4 Functions 5 Measurement and Geometry 6 Statistics and Probability Epilogue: Next Steps References and Resources Index |
| 8 math teaching practices: Differentiating Math Instruction William N. Bender, 2005-05-18 This exciting and unique book presents practical, immediately applicable ideas for differentiating instruction in maths in the elementary classroom. It explains in detail the process of differentiation in maths, beginning with lesson planning, through implementation of a wide variety of research-proven instructional strategies and tactics. The ′Ideas from Teachers′ feature, located in various chapters, includes instructional tactics provided by teachers that exemplify the differentiation process. Also included are the ′To Ten Tactics′ lists which provide simple, immediately applicable tactics that can be easily implemented in almost every classroom. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Good Questions for Math Teaching Lainie Schuster, Nancy Canavan Anderson, 2005 Good Questions - or open-ended questions - promote students' mathematical thinking, understanding, and proficiency. By asking careful, purposeful questions, teachers create dynamic learning environments, help students make sense of math, and unravel misconceptions. This valuable book includes a wide variety of good questions for classroom use and offers teachers tips on how to createopen-ended questions of their own. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Strengths-Based Teaching and Learning in Mathematics Beth McCord Kobett, Karen S. Karp, 2020-02-27 This book is a game changer! Strengths-Based Teaching and Learning in Mathematics: 5 Teaching Turnarounds for Grades K- 6 goes beyond simply providing information by sharing a pathway for changing practice. . . Focusing on our students’ strengths should be routine and can be lost in the day-to-day teaching demands. A teacher using these approaches can change the trajectory of students’ lives forever. All teachers need this resource! Connie S. Schrock Emporia State University National Council of Supervisors of Mathematics President, 2017-2019 NEW COVID RESOURCES ADDED: A Parent’s Toolkit to Strengths-Based Learning in Math is now available on the book’s companion website to support families engaged in math learning at home. This toolkit provides a variety of home-based activities and games for families to engage in together. Your game plan for unlocking mathematics by focusing on students’ strengths. We often evaluate student thinking and their work from a deficit point of view, particularly in mathematics, where many teachers have been taught that their role is to diagnose and eradicate students’ misconceptions. But what if instead of focusing on what students don’t know or haven’t mastered, we identify their mathematical strengths and build next instructional steps on students’ points of power? Beth McCord Kobett and Karen S. Karp answer this question and others by highlighting five key teaching turnarounds for improving students’ mathematics learning: identify teaching strengths, discover and leverage students’ strengths, design instruction from a strengths-based perspective, help students identify their points of power, and promote strengths in the school community and at home. Each chapter provides opportunities to stop and consider current practice, reflect, and transfer practice while also sharing · Downloadable resources, activities, and tools · Examples of student work within Grades K–6 · Real teachers’ notes and reflections for discussion It’s time to turn around our approach to mathematics instruction, end deficit thinking, and nurture each student’s mathematical strengths by emphasizing what makes them each unique and powerful. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Guided Math Workshop Laney Sammons, Donna Boucher, 2017-03-01 This must-have resource helps teachers successfully plan, organize, implement, and manage Guided Math Workshop. It provides practical strategies for structure and implementation to allow time for teachers to conduct small-group lessons and math conferences to target student needs. The tested resources and strategies for organization and management help to promote student independence and provide opportunities for ongoing practice of previously mastered concepts and skills. With sample workstations and mathematical tasks and problems for a variety of grade levels, this guide is sure to provide the information that teachers need to minimize preparation time and meet the needs of all students. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Implementing Standards-based Mathematics Instruction Mary Kay Stein, 2000 Presents prevalent cases of maths instruction drawn from research of classroom lessons. The Mathematical Tasks Framework, developed by the authors, offers teachers the means to evaluate instructional decisions, choice of materials and learning outcomes. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Bringing Math Students Into the Formative Assessment Equation Susan Janssen Creighton, Cheryl Rose Tobey, Eric Karnowski, Emily R. Fagan, 2015-01-21 Make formative assessment work for you—and your math students! Finally, formative assessment that adds up! Bringing Math Students Into the Formative Assessment Equation is the ultimate resource for helping teachers implement formative assessment in the middle school mathematics classroom. And it’s much more than that. With this research-based, teacher-tested guide, you won’t just learn effective teaching strategies—you’ll turn your students into self-regulated learners. They’ll monitor and assess their own progress—and communicate to you about it! Features include: A clear and manageable six-aspect instructional model Detailed strategies for helping students own their successes Real-life examples from middle school mathematics teachers Useful resources and a companion website to help you implement formative assessment in your classroom Formative assessment isn’t just for teachers anymore. With the help of this essential resource, you’ll work together with your students toward a common goal of math success. This book is outstanding. I would recommend it to any math educator. The depth of research integrated into practice is extensive and, as a result, it is the most practical book I have come across related to formative assessment and mathematics The self-regulation aspects, as well as the ownership and involvement emphasized in the book, went beyond the traditional cognitive strategies endorsed in most books. Marc Simmons, Principal Ilwaco Middle School, Ocean Beach School District, Long Beach, WA The ideas in this book are brought to life with examples of teachers and students in the classroom. The teacher voices, comments, and quotes lend credibility and are a big component of the book’s strengths as well as the visuals and graphics. Rita Tellez, Math Coordinator Ysleta Independent School District, El Paso, TX |
| 8 math teaching practices: Everything You Need for Mathematics Coaching Maggie B. McGatha, Jennifer M. Bay-Williams, Beth McCord Kobett, Jonathan A. Wray, 2018-04-02 Math coaches wear many hats. You think on your feet and have to invent, react, and respond—often without time to prepare—in a myriad of professional contexts. What’s your go-to resource for support? Plan, focus, and lead: Your toolkit for inspiring math teachers Meet Everything You Need For Mathematics Coaching: Tools, Plans, and a Process That Works for Any Instructional Leader. This one-stop, comprehensive toolkit for improving mathematics instruction and learning is designed for busy math coaches and teacher leaders who often have to rely on their own competencies. Using the Leading for Mathematical Proficiency Framework, the authors position student outcomes as the focus of all professional work and connect the Eight Mathematical Practices for students with NCTM’s Eight Effective Teaching Practices to help you guide teachers toward growing mathematics proficiency in their classrooms. This hands-on resource details critical coaching and teaching actions, and offers nearly a hundred tools for: Shifting classroom practice in a way that leads to student math proficiency and understanding of mathematical concepts. Honing in on key areas, including content knowledge and worthwhile tasks, student engagement, questioning and discourse, analysis of student work, formative assessment, support for emergent language learners and students with special needs, and more. Navigating a coaching conversation. Planning and facilitating professional learning communities. Finding a focus for professional development or a learning cycle. Making connections between professional learning activities, teaching, and student learning. Using the coaching cycle—plan, gather data, reflect—to build trust and rapport with teachers. With examples from the field, a comprehensive list of resources for effective coaching, and a plethora of tools you can download and share with teachers, this toolkit is your must-have guide to designing a professional learning plan and leading with clarity and purpose. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Answers to Your Biggest Questions About Teaching Elementary Math John J. SanGiovanni, Susie Katt, Latrenda D. Knighten, Georgina Rivera, 2021-08-31 Your guide to grow and learn as a math teacher! Let’s face it, teaching elementary math can be hard. So much about how we teach math today may look and feel different from how we learned it. Today, we recognize placing the student at the center of their learning increases engagement, motivation, and academic achievement soars. Teaching math in a student-centered way changes the role of the teacher from one who traditionally “delivers knowledge” to one who fosters thinking. Most importantly, we must ensure our practice gives each and every student the opportunity to learn, grow, and achieve at high levels, while providing opportunities to develop their agency and authority in the classroom which results in a positive math identity. Whether you are a brand new teacher or a veteran, if you find teaching math to be quite the challenge, this is the guide you want by your side. Designed for just-in-time learning and support, this practical resource gives you brief, actionable answers to your most pressing questions about teaching elementary math. Written by four experienced math educators representing diverse experiences, these authors offer the practical advice they wish they received years ago, from lessons they′ve learned over decades of practice, research, coaching, and through collaborating with teams, teachers and colleagues—especially new teachers—every day. Questions and answers are organized into five areas of effort that will help you most thrive in your elementary math classroom: 1. How do I build a positive math community? 2. How do I structure, organize, and manage my math class? 3. How do I engage my students in math? 4. How do I help my students talk about math? 5. How do I know what my students know and move them forward? Woven throughout, you′ll find helpful sidebar notes on fostering identity and agency; access and equity; teaching in different settings; and invaluable resources for deeper learning. The final question—Where do I go from here?— offers guidance for growing your practice over time. Strive to become the best math educator you can be; your students are counting on it! What will be your first step on the journey? |
| 8 math teaching practices: Making Sense of Mathematics for Teaching, Grades 3-5 Juli K. Dixon, Edward C. Nolan, 2016-04-11 Develop a deep understanding of mathematics. This user-friendly resource presents grades 3–5 teachers with a logical progression of pedagogical actions, classroom norms, and collaborative teacher team efforts to increase their knowledge and improve mathematics instruction. Focus on an understanding of and procedural fluency with multiplication and division. Address how to learn and teach fraction concepts and operations with depth. Thoroughly teach plane and solid geometry. Explore strategies and techniques to effectively learn and teach significant mathematics concepts and provide all students with the precise, accurate information they need to achieve academic success. Benefits Dig deep into mathematical modeling and reasoning to improve as both a learner and teacher of mathematics. Explore how to develop, select, and modify mathematics tasks in order to balance cognitive demand and engage students. Discover the three important norms to uphold in all mathematics classrooms. Learn to apply the tasks, questioning, and evidence (TQE) process to ensure mathematics instruction is focused, coherent, and rigorous. Use charts and diagrams for classifying shapes, which can engage students in important mathematical practices. Access short videos that show what classrooms that are developing mathematical understanding should look like. Contents Introduction 1 Place Value, Addition, and Subtraction 2 Multiplication and Division 3 Fraction Concepts 4 Fraction Operations 5 Geometry 6 Measurement Epilogue Next Steps Appendix A Completed Classification of Triangles Chart Appendix B Completed Diagram for Classifying Quadrilaterals |
| 8 math teaching practices: Activating Math Talk Paola Sztajn, Daniel Heck, Kristen Malzahn, 2020-09-24 Achieve High-Quality Mathematics Discourse With Purposeful Talk Techniques Many mathematics teachers agree that engaging students in high quality discourse is important for their conceptual learning, but successfully promoting such discourse in elementary classrooms—with attention to the needs of every learner—can be a challenge. Activating Math Talk tackles this challenge by bringing practical, math-specific, productive discourse techniques that are applicable to any lesson or curriculum. Framed around 11 student-centered discourse techniques, this research-based book connects purposeful instructional techniques to specific lesson goals and includes a focus on supporting emergent multilingual learners. You will be guided through each technique with Classroom examples of tasks and techniques spanning grades K–5 Reflection moments to help you consider how key ideas relate to your own instruction Classroom vignettes that illustrate the techniques in action and provide opportunities to analyze and prepare for your own implementation Group discussion questions for engaging with colleagues in your professional community Achieving high-quality mathematics discourse is within your reach using the clear-cut techniques that activates your math talk efforts to promote every student’s conceptual learning. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Productive Math Struggle John J. SanGiovanni, Susie Katt, Kevin J. Dykema, 2020-03-09 All students face struggle, and they should—it is how they learn and grow. The teacher’s job is not to remove struggle, but rather to value and harness it, helping students develop good habits of productive struggle. But what’s missing for many educators is an action plan for how to achieve this, especially when it comes to math. This book guides teachers through six specific actions—including valuing, fostering, building, planning, supporting, and reflecting on struggle—to create a game plan for overcoming obstacles by sharing · Actionable steps, activities, and tools for implementation · Instructional tasks representative of each grade level · Real-world examples showcasing classroom photos and student work |
| 8 math teaching practices: Teaching for Thinking Grace Kelemanik, Amy Lucenta, 2022-01-24 Teaching our children to think and reason mathematically is a challenge, not because students can't learn to think mathematically, but because we must change our own often deeply-rooted teaching habits. This is where instructional routines come in. Their predictable design and repeatable nature support both teachers and students to develop new habits. In Teaching for Thinking, Grace Kelemanik and Amy Lucenta pick up where their first book, Routines for Reasoning, left off. They draw on their years of experience in the classroom and as instructional coaches to examine how educators can make use of routines to make three fundamental shifts in teaching practice: Focus on thinking: Shift attention away from students' answers and toward their thinking and reasoning Step out of the middle: Shift the balance from teacher-student interactions toward student-student interactions Support productive struggle: Help students do the hard thinking work that leads to real learning With three complete new routines, support for designing your own routine, and ideas for using routines in your professional learning as well as in your classroom teaching, Teaching for Thinking will help you build new teaching habits that will support all your students to become and see themselves as capable mathematicians. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Intensifying Mathematics Interventions for Struggling Students Diane Pedrotty Bryant, 2021-07-05 This book, Intensive Mathematics Interventions, provides a thorough background knowledge about mathematics difficulties across the grade span. Even more valuable to educators-this book provides user friendly guidance on how to address all of the elements of mathematics difficulties from preschool to secondary grades. Each topic provides clear guidance to support decision making about intensive instruction including examples, ideas, practices, and suggestions. You will learn about the characteristics of students with math difficulties, how to use date to progress monitor them, how to intensify interventions, specific evidence-based practices for addressing early numeracy, time and money, whole numbers, rational numbers, word problem solving strategies, algebra and even technology-- |
| 8 math teaching practices: Teaching Mathematics Meaningfully David H. Allsopp, David Allsopp (Ph. D.), Maggie M. Kyger, LouAnn H. Lovin, 2007 Making mathematics concepts understandable is a challenge for any teacher--a challenge that's more complex when a classroom includes students with learning difficulties. With this highly practical resource, educators will have just what they need to teach mathematics with confidence: research-based strategies that really work with students who have learning disabilities, ADHD, or mild cognitive disabilities. This urgently needed guidebook helps teachers Understand why students struggle.Teachers will discover how the common learning characteristics of students with learning difficulties create barriers to understanding mathematics. Review the Big Ideas. Are teachers focusing on the right things? A helpful primer on major NCTM-endorsed mathematical concepts and processes helps them be sure. Directly address students' learning barriers. With the lesson plans, practical strategies, photocopiable information-gathering forms, and online strategies in action, teachers will have concrete ways to help students grasp mathematical concepts, improve their proficiency, and generalize knowledge in multiple contexts. Check their own strengths and needs. Educators will reflect critically on their current practices with a thought-provoking questionnaire. With this timely book--filled with invaluable ideas and strategies adaptable for grades K-12--educators will know just what to teach and how to teach it to students with learning difficulties. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Mathematics Education in the Digital Age Alison Clark-Wilson, Ana Donevska-Todorova, Eleonora Faggiano, Jana Trgalová, Hans-Georg Weigand, 2021-05-24 The wide availability of digital educational resources for mathematics teaching and learning is indisputable, with some notable genres of technologies having evolved, such as graphing calculators, dynamic graphing, dynamic geometry and data visualization tools. But what does this mean for teachers of mathematics, and how do their roles evolve within this digital landscape? This essential book offers an international perspective to help bridge theory and practice, including coverage of networking theories, curriculum design, task implementation, online resources and assessment. Mathematics Education in the Digital Age details the impacts this digital age has, and will continue to have, on the parallel aspects of learning and teaching mathematics within formal education systems and settings. Written by a group of international authors, the chapters address the following themes: Mathematics teacher education and professional development Mathematics curriculum development and task design The assessment of mathematics Theoretical perspectives and methodologies/approaches for researching mathematics education in the digital age This book highlights not only the complex nature of the field, but also the advancements in theoretical and practical knowledge that is enabling the mathematics education community to continue to learn in this increasingly digital age. It is an essential read for all mathematics teacher educators and master teachers. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Mathematical Mindsets Jo Boaler, 2015-10-12 Banish math anxiety and give students of all ages a clear roadmap to success Mathematical Mindsets provides practical strategies and activities to help teachers and parents show all children, even those who are convinced that they are bad at math, that they can enjoy and succeed in math. Jo Boaler—Stanford researcher, professor of math education, and expert on math learning—has studied why students don't like math and often fail in math classes. She's followed thousands of students through middle and high schools to study how they learn and to find the most effective ways to unleash the math potential in all students. There is a clear gap between what research has shown to work in teaching math and what happens in schools and at home. This book bridges that gap by turning research findings into practical activities and advice. Boaler translates Carol Dweck's concept of 'mindset' into math teaching and parenting strategies, showing how students can go from self-doubt to strong self-confidence, which is so important to math learning. Boaler reveals the steps that must be taken by schools and parents to improve math education for all. Mathematical Mindsets: Explains how the brain processes mathematics learning Reveals how to turn mistakes and struggles into valuable learning experiences Provides examples of rich mathematical activities to replace rote learning Explains ways to give students a positive math mindset Gives examples of how assessment and grading policies need to change to support real understanding Scores of students hate and fear math, so they end up leaving school without an understanding of basic mathematical concepts. Their evasion and departure hinders math-related pathways and STEM career opportunities. Research has shown very clear methods to change this phenomena, but the information has been confined to research journals—until now. Mathematical Mindsets provides a proven, practical roadmap to mathematics success for any student at any age. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Principles and Standards for School Mathematics , 2000 This easy-to-read summary is an excellent tool for introducing others to the messages contained in Principles and Standards. |
| 8 math teaching practices: Catalyzing Change in High School Mathematics , 2018 Catalyzing Change in High School Mathematics : Initiating Critical Conversations is written for classroom teachers; counselors, coaches, specialists, and instructional leaders; school, district, and state administrators; curriculum developers; and policymakers at all levels with the goal of beginning a serious discussion of the issues for high school mathematics that are outlined in this document.-- |
| 8 math teaching practices: The On-Your-Feet Guide to Orchestrating Mathematics Discussions Margaret (Peg) Smith, Miriam Gamoran Sherin, 2019-04-15 This laminated, tri-fold (6 page) On-Your-Feed Guide is based on the best-selling 5 Practices for Orchestrating Productive Mathematics Discussions and provides: A brief look at each of the five practices for orchestrating productive mathematics discussions Key questions, tools, and challenges for each practice to consider as you plan and carry out your mathematics lesson Special considerations and helpful hints to think about as you troubleshoot your lessons and assess your implementation of the practices A focus on supporting equity and identity Brief videos with commentary from authors and teachers about each of the five practices |
| 8 math teaching practices: A Guide for Administrators Susan O'Connell, John SanGiovanni, 2016 The Math in Practice series supports teachers, administrators, and entire school communities as they rethink the teaching of mathematics in grades K-5. -- |
| 8 math teaching practices: A Guide for Teachers Susan O'Connell, 2016 The Math in Practice series supports teachers, administrators, and entire school communities as they rethink the teaching of mathematics in grades K-5. The series contains a Teacher's Guide, Administrator's Guide, and grade level books for grades K-5 which provide lesson ideas, teaching tips, and practice activities. -- |
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