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Above Knee Amputation Anatomy: Challenges and Opportunities
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, MD, PhD, FACS – Board-certified Orthopedic Surgeon specializing in limb salvage and prosthetic rehabilitation. Professor of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco.
Keywords: above knee amputation anatomy, transfemoral amputation anatomy, amputation surgery, prosthetic fitting, phantom limb pain, neuroma, musculoskeletal system, vascular system, surgical techniques, rehabilitation.
Publisher: Elsevier – A leading global publisher of scientific, technical, and medical information. Renowned for its rigorous peer-review processes and high-quality publications in healthcare.
Editor: Dr. Michael Chen, MD – Board-certified Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation specialist with extensive experience in prosthetic rehabilitation and amputee care.
Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive examination of above knee amputation (AKA) anatomy, exploring the anatomical structures affected by the procedure, the challenges posed by the loss of these structures, and the opportunities for improved prosthetic fitting and rehabilitation. We will delve into the intricacies of the musculoskeletal, vascular, and nervous systems relevant to AKA, highlighting crucial considerations for surgical planning, post-operative care, and long-term management.
1. Introduction: Understanding Above Knee Amputation Anatomy
Above knee amputation (AKA), also known as transfemoral amputation, is a surgical procedure involving the removal of a limb above the knee joint. Understanding the intricate anatomy of the thigh and its surrounding structures is paramount for successful surgical planning, minimizing complications, and optimizing prosthetic fitting and rehabilitation. This detailed examination of above knee amputation anatomy will explore the complexities of this procedure.
2. Musculoskeletal Considerations in Above Knee Amputation Anatomy
The femur, the longest bone in the human body, is the primary focus in above knee amputation anatomy. The surgical level of the amputation significantly influences the remaining bone length and the subsequent prosthetic socket design. The muscles of the thigh – quadriceps femoris, hamstrings, adductors, and iliopsoas – are crucial for functional mobility. Their surgical management during AKA significantly impacts the residual limb's shape and volume, influencing prosthetic comfort and control. Understanding the muscle attachments and their potential for contracture is vital to prevent complications. The preservation of as much muscle mass as possible is a key surgical goal to promote optimal prosthetic function in above knee amputation anatomy.
3. Vascular System in Above Knee Amputation Anatomy
The femoral artery and vein are major vascular structures traversing the thigh. Careful surgical management of these vessels is crucial to prevent significant bleeding during and after the procedure. The ligation and division of these vessels requires precise surgical technique to minimize the risk of hemorrhage and ensure proper hemostasis. The patency of the remaining vascular network is also crucial for the healing process and the overall health of the residual limb. A thorough understanding of the vascular anatomy is essential for planning the surgical approach in above knee amputation anatomy.
4. Nervous System in Above Knee Amputation Anatomy
The sciatic nerve, the femoral nerve, and other peripheral nerves in the thigh are meticulously handled during AKA. Nerve injury can lead to neuroma formation, a major source of phantom limb pain and other neuropathic symptoms. Careful dissection and neuroma prevention techniques, such as meticulous nerve ligation and burying the nerve ends in muscle, are crucial components of minimizing post-operative complications. Understanding the anatomical location and course of these nerves is crucial in above knee amputation anatomy to minimize nerve damage and subsequent pain.
5. Skin and Soft Tissue Considerations in Above Knee Amputation Anatomy
The skin and soft tissue envelope of the residual limb are critically important for prosthetic fitting. The surgeon aims to create a well-vascularized, well-padded, and appropriately shaped residual limb. The skin flaps need to be meticulously assessed and manipulated to achieve a functional and aesthetically pleasing result. Tension on the skin flaps should be avoided to promote adequate blood supply and healing. The surgeon’s skill in managing the skin and soft tissues is paramount in above knee amputation anatomy for achieving a successful outcome.
6. Surgical Techniques and Approaches in Above Knee Amputation Anatomy
Multiple surgical techniques exist for AKA, each with its advantages and disadvantages. The choice of technique depends on several factors, including the level of amputation, the patient's overall health, and the presence of any co-morbidities. The goal is always to create a functional and well-shaped residual limb that facilitates optimal prosthetic fitting. Understanding the nuances of these different approaches is fundamental in above knee amputation anatomy.
7. Challenges in Above Knee Amputation Anatomy and Management
Several challenges arise post-AKA. Phantom limb pain, a common complication, necessitates a multidisciplinary approach to management. Neuroma formation, infection, and wound healing complications can hinder the rehabilitation process. Proper post-operative care, including pain management, physical therapy, and prosthetic fitting, is crucial.
8. Opportunities in Above Knee Amputation Anatomy and Prosthetic Technology
Advances in prosthetic technology are continuously improving the functionality and comfort of prostheses. Myoelectric prostheses, which utilize muscle signals to control the device, offer improved dexterity and control. Osseointegration, where a prosthetic is directly attached to the bone, allows for enhanced stability and sensory feedback. These advancements offer significant opportunities to improve the quality of life for individuals with AKA.
9. Conclusion:
Above knee amputation anatomy presents both significant challenges and exciting opportunities. A thorough understanding of the anatomical structures involved, the surgical techniques employed, and the potential complications is critical for successful surgical outcomes and optimal prosthetic rehabilitation. The continued advancement of prosthetic technology and rehabilitation strategies provides a promising future for individuals undergoing this procedure.
FAQs:
1. What are the common complications of above knee amputation? Common complications include phantom limb pain, neuroma formation, infection, wound dehiscence, and prosthetic complications.
2. How long is the recovery period after above knee amputation? Recovery varies greatly but can range from several months to a year or more, depending on individual factors and the complexity of the surgery and rehabilitation.
3. What type of prosthetic is best suited for above knee amputation? The optimal prosthetic type depends on individual needs and preferences, but options include socket prostheses, myoelectric prostheses, and osseointegrated prostheses.
4. What is phantom limb pain, and how is it treated? Phantom limb pain is the sensation of pain in the missing limb. Treatment options include medication, physical therapy, nerve blocks, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).
5. What is the role of physical therapy in above knee amputation rehabilitation? Physical therapy plays a crucial role in improving strength, range of motion, and gait training, preparing the patient for prosthetic use.
6. What are the long-term implications of above knee amputation? Long-term implications can include changes in body mechanics, potential for osteoarthritis in other joints, and the need for ongoing prosthetic care and adjustments.
7. What are the psychological implications of above knee amputation? Individuals may experience grief, depression, anxiety, and body image issues. Psychological support is often crucial for successful adaptation.
8. Can I drive after above knee amputation? Driving ability depends on the individual's recovery, prosthetic use, and the vehicle's adaptations. Assessment by an occupational therapist is typically required.
9. What is the life expectancy after above knee amputation? Life expectancy after AKA is largely dependent on other health factors and is generally not significantly reduced with appropriate care.
Related Articles:
1. Surgical Techniques in Transfemoral Amputation: A detailed review of various surgical approaches for AKA, comparing their advantages and disadvantages.
2. Prosthetic Socket Design for Above Knee Amputation: An in-depth look at the principles of prosthetic socket design and its impact on prosthetic function and comfort.
3. Neuroma Formation and Management After Above Knee Amputation: A focused examination of neuroma formation, its causes, and various treatment strategies.
4. Phantom Limb Pain: Pathophysiology and Management Strategies: A comprehensive review of the causes, mechanisms, and treatment options for phantom limb pain.
5. Rehabilitation Protocols After Above Knee Amputation: A detailed guide to effective rehabilitation programs, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, and prosthetic training.
6. Advances in Myoelectric Prostheses for Above Knee Amputation: An examination of the latest advancements in myoelectric prosthetics and their impact on amputee function.
7. Osseointegration in Above Knee Amputation: A Review: A comprehensive overview of osseointegration techniques and their potential benefits for AKA patients.
8. The Psychological Impact of Above Knee Amputation and its Management: A detailed exploration of the psychological challenges faced by AKA patients and effective coping strategies.
9. Long-Term Outcomes and Quality of Life After Above Knee Amputation: A study examining the long-term physical and psychological outcomes and quality of life among individuals with AKA.
| above knee amputation anatomy: Musculoskeletal Cancer Surgery Martin M. Malawer, Paul H. Sugarbaker, 2006-02-24 Steven A. Rosenberg, MD In the past two decades significant progress has quality of life. The use of local radiation therapy has occurred, in the management of patients with mus- had a profound impact on the ability to achieve local loskeletal cancers, that has improved both the survival control. Cooperation between surgeons and radiation and the quality of life of afflicted patients. Changes in therapists often results in the tailoring of surgical p- the management of these patients have mirrored cedures to maximize the combined application of these trends in the entire field of oncology. two effective treatment modalities. Although impact on The most significant change has been improvement overall survival has not been demonstrated due to the in the surgical techniques for the resection of musculo- addition of radiation therapy, important advances in skeletal cancers based on a detailed understanding of improving the quality of life of patients receiving this the anatomic features of each particular tumor site, as combined-modality treatment have been evident. well as an appreciation of the natural biology that affects A third change impacting on the survival of patients the local spread of these tumors. The current volume of with musculoskeletal cancers has been the aggressive Musculoskeletal Cancer Surgery: Treatment of Sarcomas and resection of metastatic deposits. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Operative Anatomy Carol E. H. Scott-Conner, 2009 Featuring over 750 full-color illustrations, this text gives surgeons a thorough working knowledge of anatomy as seen during specific operative procedures. The book is organized regionally and covers 111 open and laparoscopic procedures in every part of the body. For each procedure, the text presents anatomic and technical points, operative safeguards, and potential errors. Illustrations depict the topographic and regional anatomy visualized throughout each operation. This edition has an expanded thoracoscopy chapter and new chapters on oncoplastic techniques; subxiphoid pericardial window; pectus excavatum/carinatum procedures; open and laparoscopic pyloromyotomy; and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. A companion Website will offer the fully searchable text and an image bank. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Common Surgeries Made Easy Efstathios Karamanos, 2020-07-27 There are about 1,300 general surgery residency spots a year in the US alone. In addition, 20,000 medical students rotate through surgery a year. With medical students and residents routinely scrubbing into surgeries that they've never seen or have only seen a handful of times, an easy, practical, to the point, user friendly reminder of the major steps of an operation is vital. It is not uncommon to see medical students and residents watching videos or searching online frantically to understand a common operation. This book serves as a practical guide for the resident to easily carry in their pocket, quickly skim through, and have the basic steps of every major operation at their fingertips. Common Surgeries Made Easy is written in a bullet point format with clear illustrations to provide an easy to read, quick overview of the core surgeries encountered during residency with some added advanced operations for extended use in the beginning stages of a medical career. Geared towards quick review for the oral board exams, this study guide caters specifically to the resident. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: CURRENT Procedures Surgery Rebecca Minter, Gerard M. Doherty, 2010-05-28 Learn to perform more than 50 of the most common surgical procedures with this step-by-step, superbly illustrated guide! CURRENT Procedures Surgery is a unique combination atlas and text that details everything that you must know to perform more than 50 key surgical procedures. It covers the full spectrum of general surgery in an ultra-convenient, at-a-glance format, with more than 400 beautifully rendered illustrations to guide you every step of the way. An easy to follow template for each procedure includes: Indications, Contraindications, Informed Consent, Equipment, Patient Preparation, Patient Positioning, Procedure, Postoperative Care, Potential Complications, Pearls and Tips, References. Features: More than 400 illustrations created specifically for this book along with clear, concise text show you how to perform essential surgical procedures Coverage includes procedures for the breast, gastrointestinal tract, diaphragm, pancreas, liver, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, arteries and veins, and more Templated presentation facilitates rapid review Author's pearls and tips included for each procedure A must-have resource for anyone starting their surgical residency |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Periprosthetic Joint Infection of the Hip and Knee Bryan D. Springer, Javad Parvizi, 2013-09-06 Periprosthetic Joint Infection of the Hip and Knee is a practical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of total joint infections following hip and knee arthroplasty. In addition to useful chapters presenting common tests and algorithms used for diagnosis, the book gives background on the epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies of periprosthetic joint infection. Additionally, practical clinical information is given, including antibiotic treatment strategies and delivery methods and medical optimization techniques for physicians to follow for patient care and follow-up. Covering a topic that is currently underrepresented in the medical literature, Periprosthetic Joint Infection of the Hip and Knee will be useful to orthopedic surgeons, rheumatologists, and other physicians involved in the care of patients with hip and knee prosthetic implants. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Targeted Muscle Reinnervation Todd A. Kuiken, Aimee E. Schultz Feuser, Ann K. Barlow, 2013-07-23 Implement TMR with Your Patients and Improve Their Quality of LifeDeveloped by Dr. Todd A. Kuiken and Dr. Gregory A. Dumanian, targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is a new approach to accessing motor control signals from peripheral nerves after amputation and providing sensory feedback to prosthesis users. This practical approach has many advantage |
| above knee amputation anatomy: The Mangled Extremity Raymond A. Pensy, John V. Ingari, 2021-01-20 This practical and generously illustrated text presents the current concepts regarding the management of the mangled extremity, including microsurgery, vascular surgery, free tissue, nerve, hand, and replantation surgery. Since the advent of microsurgical reconstruction, significant progress has been made in the areas of replantation, free tissue transfer, as well as the refinement of skeletal fixation techniques. The scope will encompass the initial triage of a patient with a mangled upper or lower extremity, the initial and subsequent reconstructive efforts, to include skeletal fixation, vascular and soft tissue reconstruction, muscle and tendon transfers, psychological impact, therapy requirements, amputation considerations, and current data on salvage versus amputation in these scenarios. Case examples will be included to add further depth and context to the techniques and recommendations provided. Presenting these surgical challenges in detail, The Mangled Extremity will be an ideal resource for orthopedic and trauma surgeons, residents and fellows, as well as emergency surgeons facing these intense, traumatic injuries. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Standards for the Management of Open Fractures Simon Eccles, Selvadurai Nayagam, 2020 Standards for the Management of Open Fractures provides an evidence-based approach for the management of open fractures, focussing on lower limb injuries. It builds on and expands the NICE Guidelines to provide a practical approach with supporting evidence. The new edition has been extensively updated and expanded to include key aspects of management, ranging from setting up an orthoplastic service, through to dealing with the bone and soft tissue injures, complications such as infection, and patient rehabilitation and psychological care. The book is primarily aimed at trainee plastic, orthopaedic and trauma surgeons (particularly for expanding knowledge and examination revision) but would also appeal to established surgeons to improve patient care. Standards for the Management of Open Fractures is an open access title. It is available to read and download as a free PDF version on Oxford Medicine Online. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International licence. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Post-operative Complications David Leaper, Iain Whitaker, 2010-01-21 A general handbook covering post-surgical complications across all specialties. Particularly relevant for junior doctors and those preparing for their membership of the Royal College of Surgery (MRCS) exams. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Atlas of Surgical Operations Robert Milton Zollinger, E. Christopher Ellison, 2011 For more than half-a-century, Zollinger's Atlas of Surgical Operations has been the gold-standard reference for learning how to perform the most common surgical procedures using safe, well-established techniques. The ninth edition continues this tradition of excellence with the addition of color illustrations and coverage of more than 230 procedures, including many of the most important laparoscopic operations. Following the proven effective design of previous editions, each procedure is fully explained on two pages. The right page contains beautifully rendered line drawings with color highlights that depict every important action a surgeon must consider while performing the operation. The facing page includes consistently formatted coverage of indications, preoperative preparation, anesthesia, position, operative preparation, incision and exposure, procedure, closure, and postoperative care.--Publisher's website. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Atlas of Amputations & Limb Deficiencies, 4th edition J. Ivan Krajbich, MD, Michael S. Pinzur, MD, Benjamin K. Potter, MD, Phillip M. Stevens, Med, CPO, 2018-08-31 The leading and definitive reference on the surgical and prosthetic management of acquired and congenital limb loss. The fourth edition of the Atlas of Amputations and Limb Deficiencies is written by recognized experts in the fields of amputation surgery, rehabilitation, and prosthetics. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: European Surgical Orthopaedics and Traumatology George Bentley, 2014-05-20 This important reference textbook covers the surgical management of all major orthopaedic and traumatological conditions. The book will act as the major source of education and guidance in surgical practice for surgeons and trainees, especially those preparing for higher surgical examinations and the Board of Orthopaedics and Traumatology examinations within and beyond Europe. The emphasis throughout is on the application of current knowledge and research to technical problems, how to avoid operative problems, and how to salvage complications if they occur. The didactic text is complemented by abundant illustrations that highlight the essentials of each clinical scenario. The authors are all recognized international authorities active at congresses and workshops as well as in universities and hospitals across the world. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Atlas of Limb Prosthetics American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2002-01-01 Newly available after being out of print for several years, this is the definitive reference on the surgical and prosthetic management of acquired or congenital limb loss. Covers indications for amputation vs. limb salvage for trauma, peripheral vascular disease, and tumours; indications for prostheses for amputation levels; and rehabilitation approaches. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: A New and Important Invention Douglas Bly, 1862 Text consists of testimonial letters sent to Dr. Bly regarding his artifical leg. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Biomechanics of Lower Limb Prosthetics Mark R. Pitkin, 2009-10-14 Foreword from a Clinical Biomechanist, Applied Physiologist and Prosthetist teaching graduate students in Prosthetics & Orthotics. While there are many books on Biomechanics, arguably the quintessential science of limb prosthetics, none addresses the fundamental principles in sufficient detail and depth to be practically useful to the prosthetist, rehabilitation specialist or researcher. Dr. Pitkin’s monograph is an exemplary collection of theoretical principles from his research and o- ers, presented in its clinical and applied biomechanics form. The textbook provides an excellent overview of the many facets of lower limb prosthetic design and engineering for the ardent clinician researcher and student. The book delves into many of the basic concepts that are required knowledge for the clinician and the scientist to have as the foundation for their work. Dr. Pitkin has an e- quent manner in which he reflects on the history and literature to tell the storied evolution of prosthetic design . He takes the reader on a journey to consider his theories, which have substantive foundations to contemplate. By the end of chapter one, we have the basic h- tory and an appreciation for the rationale behind the “rolling joint ankle” with evidence to support his theoretical views. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on the Use of Selected Assistive Products and Technologies in Eliminating or Reducing the Effects of Impairments, 2017-09-01 The U.S. Census Bureau has reported that 56.7 million Americans had some type of disability in 2010, which represents 18.7 percent of the civilian noninstitutionalized population included in the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation. The U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) provides disability benefits through the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. As of December 2015, approximately 11 million individuals were SSDI beneficiaries, and about 8 million were SSI beneficiaries. SSA currently considers assistive devices in the nonmedical and medical areas of its program guidelines. During determinations of substantial gainful activity and income eligibility for SSI benefits, the reasonable cost of items, devices, or services applicants need to enable them to work with their impairment is subtracted from eligible earnings, even if those items or services are used for activities of daily living in addition to work. In addition, SSA considers assistive devices in its medical disability determination process and assessment of work capacity. The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation provides an analysis of selected assistive products and technologies, including wheeled and seated mobility devices, upper-extremity prostheses, and products and technologies selected by the committee that pertain to hearing and to communication and speech in adults. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Oxford Textbook of Vascular Surgery Matthew Thompson, Jon Boyle, 2016 The Oxford Textbook of Vascular Surgery draws on the expertise of over 130 specialist contributors to encompass the field of vascular surgery. Through the use of figures, findings of contemporary trials, and additional online content, this textbook is an excellent study material for surgical trainees entering their final two years of training, in addition to serving as an effective reference source for practicing surgeons. This volume discusses the epidemiology, vascular biology, clinical features and management of diseases that affect the vasculature and contains dedicated chapters which address topics such as paediatric surgery, damage control surgery, and amputations. The text follows a logical framework which complements the published Intercollegiate Surgery Curriculum making it particularly useful in preparation for the Intercollegiate Examination. The online version of The Oxford Textbook of Vascular Surgery is free for twelve months to individual purchasers of this book and contains the full text of the print edition, links to external sources and informative videos demonstrating current surgical techniques, making this a valuable resource for practicing surgeons. The field of vascular surgery has advanced rapidly in recent years and has expanded to include the techniques of interventional radiology and cardiology which are also extensively covered in this volume, making it an authoritative modern text. By combining contemporary evidence-based knowledge with informative figures, online resources and links to the current training curriculum, The Oxford Textbook of Vascular Surgery is a highly valuable source of information and will become the standard reference text for all who study vascular disease and its treatment. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Operative Techniques in Lower Limb Reconstruction and Amputation Gordon Lee, 2019-04-23 Part of the best-selling Operative Techniques series, Operative Techniques in Plastic Surgery provides superbly illustrated, authoritative guidance on operative techniques along with a thorough understanding of how to select the best procedure, how to avoid complications and what outcomes to expect. This stand-alone book offers focused, easy-to-follow coverage of lower limb reconstruction and amputation, all taken directly from the larger text. It covers nearly all plastic surgery operations for these specific areas that are in current use, and is ideal for residents and physicians in daily practice. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Fundamentals of Orthopedics Mukul Mohindra, Jitesh Kumar Jain, 2017-12-31 This book is a complete guide to orthopaedics for undergraduate medical students helping them prepare for both theory and practical examinations. Beginning with an introduction to the field, the following sections cover the diagnosis and management of different disorders. The second edition has been fully revised to provide students with the latest information and includes a new chapter on sports injuries and rehabilitation. Each topic includes a summary of the key points and the book features a practice session of multiple choice questions and answers. The text is highly illustrated with more than 1300 clinical photographs, radiological images, diagrams and tables and concludes with a picture quiz to help students prepare for image-based examination questions. Key points Complete guide to orthopaedics for undergraduate medical students Fully revised, second edition featuring new chapter on sports injuries and rehabilitation Includes practice session of multiple choice questions and picture quiz Previous edition (9789351529576) published in 2016 |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Fundamentals of Amputation Care and Prosthetics Douglas Murphy, MD, 2013-08-28 Written by experienced physiatrists, prosthetists, and therapists, this book provides an introduction to the field of amputee care and prosthetics. Dedicated chapters guide you through prescription of prostheses for the various levels and types of amputations in both the lower and upper extremity and address recent advances in functionality and safety. Pre- and post-operative care, prosthetic troubleshooting, gait issues and medical management of the residual limb are also addressed. With concise key information highlighted throughout, this handbook is a welcome point of care resource or study tool for trainees and practitioners in any field who work with amputees to restore function and help enrich the lives of these individuals. Fundamentals of Amputation Care and Prosthetics features: Concise, practical manual; covers the basics of upper and lower extremity amputee care and prosthetics Succinct presentation, well-illustrated; information is easy to find Portable; perfect for use on rounds or in the clinic State-of-the-art distillation of current thinking and practice; excellent transitional book for residents or ready reference for experienced practitioners |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Guccione's Geriatric Physical Therapy E-Book Dale Avers, Rita Wong, 2019-10-24 **Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 in Physical Therapy** Offering a comprehensive look at physical therapy science and practice, Guccione's Geriatric Physical Therapy, 4th Edition is a perfect resource for both students and practitioners alike. Year after year, this text is recommended as the primary preparatory resource for the Geriatric Physical Therapy Specialization exam. And this new fourth edition only gets better. Content is thoroughly revised to keep you up to date on the latest geriatric physical therapy protocols and conditions. Five new chapters are added to this edition to help you learn how to better manage common orthopedic, cardiopulmonary, and neurologic conditions; become familiar with functional outcomes and assessments; and better understand the psychosocial aspects of aging. In all, you can rely on Guccione's Geriatric Physical Therapy to help you effectively care for today's aging patient population. - Comprehensive coverage of geriatric physical therapy prepares students and clinicians to provide thoughtful, evidence-based care for aging patients. - Combination of foundational knowledge and clinically relevant information provides a meaningful background in how to effectively manage geriatric disorders - Updated information reflects the most recent and relevant information on the Geriatric Clinical Specialty Exam. - Standard APTA terminology prepares students for terms they will hear in practice. - Expert authorship ensures all information is authoritative, current, and clinically accurate. - NEW! Thoroughly revised and updated content across all chapters keeps students up to date with the latest geriatric physical therapy protocols and conditions. - NEW! References located at the end of each chapter point students toward credible external sources for further information. - NEW! Treatment chapters guide students in managing common conditions in orthopedics, cardiopulmonary, and neurology. - NEW! Chapter on functional outcomes and assessment lists relevant scores for the most frequently used tests. - NEW! Chapter on psychosocial aspects of aging provides a well-rounded view of the social and mental conditions commonly affecting geriatric patients. - NEW! Chapter on frailty covers a wide variety of interventions to optimize treatment. - NEW! Enhanced eBook version is included with print purchase, allowing students to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Surgery Case Atlas S. Robert Rozbruch, Reggie Hamdy, 2015-06-08 Consisting of case studies contributed by both domestic and international leaders in the field, Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction: A Case-Based Atlas will be an invaluable resource for all orthopedic surgeons and researchers and practitioners of limb lengthening, deformity correction and the Ilizarov method. Comprehensive yet accessible, it will cover pediatrics, foot and ankle, trauma and post-traumatic reconstruction, adult deformity, tumor and upper extremity interventions in dedicated sections. Each of the more than 150 unique cases will include color photographs and radiographs from before, during and after surgery, and will follow a consistent chapter structure which outlines a brief clinical history of the case, preoperative problem list, treatment strategy, basic principles, technical pearls and how to avoid and manage complications and subsequent problems. Suggested readings round out each case. A comprehensive presentation of techniques will be featured, including external fixation, internal fixation, combination approaches and fully implantable limb lengthening nails. This case-based approach will be an efficient and thorough way to learn this exciting new frontier in orthopedic surgery. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Core Topics in Foot and Ankle Surgery Andrew Robinson, James W. Brodsky, John P. Negrine, 2018-04-19 This concise guide offers an ideal overview of both the practical and theoretical aspects of foot and ankle surgery for trainees and junior consultants. Easy to read chapters cover all areas of surgery, from examination, imaging, and the biomechanics of the foot and ankle, to specific conditions including amputations and prostheses, deformities, arthritis, cavus and flat foot, sports injuries, Achilles tendon, benign and malignant tumors and heel pain. Fractures and dislocations of the ankle, hind-, mid- and forefoot are also covered, as are the foot in diabetes and pediatrics. Written by a team of international experts, the text is an accessible way to prepare for postgraduate examinations and manage patients successfully. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: The Color Atlas of Physical Therapy Eric Shamus, 2014-10-31 A FULL-COLOR, CASE-BASED PHYSICAL THERAPY ATLAS FOR CLINICIANS AND STUDENTS The Color Atlas of Physical Therapy delivers a high-quality visual presentation of the disorders a physical therapist would most likely encounter in daily practice. Enhanced by more than 1,000 full-color illustrations and concise, evidence-based treatment recommendations, the book features a consistent design that makes information retrieval at the point of care fast and easy. MOST CHAPTERS INCLUDE VITAL INFORAMTION SUCH AS: Condition/Disorder Synonyms ICD -9 and 10-CM Codes Preferred Practice Patterns Patient Presentation Key Features: Description Essentials of Diagnosis General Considerations Demographics Clinical Findings: Signs and Symptoms Functional Implications Possible Contributing Causes Differential Diagnosis Functional Goals Means of Confirmation: Laboratory Imaging Findings and Interpretation Treatment: Medications Medical Procedures Referrals Impairments Tests and Measures Intervention Prognosis References Patient Resources |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Orthotics and Prosthetics in Rehabilitation Michelle M. Lusardi, Caroline C. Nielsen, 2007 Whether you are a student or a clinician, if you work with patients with neuromuscular and musculoskeletal impairments, you will find this text supplies a strong foundation in and appreciation for the field of orthotics and prosthetics that will give you the critical skills you need when working with this unique client population. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Operative Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery Sam W. Wiesel, 2015-07-10 Lavishly illustrated, comprehensive in scope, and easy to use, the second edition of Operative Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery guides you to mastery of every surgical procedure you’re likely to perform – while also providing a thorough understanding of how to select the best procedure, how to avoid complications, and what outcomes to expect. More than 800 global experts take you step by step through each procedure, and 13,000 full-color intraoperative photographs and drawings clearly demonstrate how to perform the techniques. Extensive use of bulleted points and a highly templated format allow for quick and easy reference across each of the four volumes. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: A History of Limb Amputation John R. Kirkup, 2007-05-27 This book opens with a unique historical review of natural amputations due to congenital absence, disease, frostbite, animal trauma, and to punishment and ritual. The advent of surgical amputation and its difficulties form a major part of the book, summarising the evolution of the control of haemorrhage and infection, pain relief, techniques, instrumentation, complications, prostheses, results and case histories. Alternative procedures, increasingly important in the last two centuries, are also debated. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Lower Extremity Soft Tissue & Cutaneous Plastic Surgery E-Book G Dock Dockery, Mary Elizabeth Crawford, 2012-04-13 Unlike any other podiatric text available, this new textbook focuses on the treatment of skin and soft tissue problems of the foot and ankle area using techniques borrowed from facial plastic surgery, hand reconstructive surgery and general soft tissue plastic surgery fields and modified to be used on the foot and ankle areas. This textbook provides a detailed outline and description of evaluating, examining and documenting lower extremity skin and soft tissue conditions. It addresses these problems with a variety of techniques including suturing, incisional and excisional techniques, along with the appropriate reconstructive and plastic surgical procedures for each condition. - Includes all current techniques of revisional skin surgery and basic plastic surgery - Features an abundance of illustrations and photographs. - Reviews topics such as Preoperative Patient Evaluation, Cutaneous Anatomy, and Surgical Principles of Lower Extremity Surgery to prepare readers for studying the surgical techniques outlined in the text. - Covers excisional techniques and biopsy techniques as they pertain to the foot and ankle. - Outlines and defines the use of plastic surgery techniques - V-Y and Y-V; Z-plasty and W-plasty - for conditions of the foot and ankle and lower leg. These techniques can be used in the foot and ankle region for scar contracture which is a frequent complication of lower extremity surgery. - Includes multiple examples of appropriate techniques for correction of toenail and digital deformities. - Presents a large number of lower extremity soft tissue masses with the appropriate techniques for surgical management. - Outlines the specific indications and techniques for performing the advancement and rotation flaps for the lower extremity; these can be used to provide coverage for soft tissue defects. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Gateway to Success in Surgery MD Ray, 2014-05-14 This manual is a comprehensive guide to surgery through the presentation of case studies. Divided into three sections -- long cases, short cases and paediatric cases, each case begins with a description of the past, present and family history of the patient, followed by general and systemic examination, treatment, then a summary. Each case includes a common questions and answers section, as well as detailed images and illustrations. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Color Atlas and Synopsis of Vascular Disease Steven Dean, Bhagwan Satiani, 2013-11-22 Hundreds of High-Quality Images Span the Entire Spectrum of Vascular Disease INCLUDES DVD WITH IMAGE BANK Color Atlas of Vascular Diseases is designed to help you properly identify and manage vascular diseases involving the arterial, venous, and lymphatic system. It offers a clinical and synoptic approach to the full range of diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in vascular diseases. You will find hundreds of state-of-the-art clinical, diagnostic, and interventional images, along with concise, bulleted text detailing the diagnosis and patient management. This unique combination atlas and learning text written by experts in the field, integrates the fields of vascular medicine, vascular surgery, and endovascular therapy in an effective, easy-to-learn fashion. Chapters feature succinct bulleted teaching points combined with photographs of vascular pathology. When appropriate, vivid arteriographic and ultrasonographic images are also included. Topics include: Lower Extremity Arterial Disease Aortic and Upper Extremity Arterial Disease Carotid Artery Occlusive Disease Aneurysmal Disease Non-Atherosclerotic Disorders Arteriovenous Visceral Disease Venous Disease Limb Swelling Vasospastic and Vasculitic Diseases Environmental Diseases Limb Ulcerations |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Therapy for Amputees Barbara Engstrom, Catherine Van de Ven, 1999 An interdisciplinary team of experts addresses all aspects of rehabilitation for amputees, from assessments and phychosocial considerations through evidence-based treatment approaches and more. The New Edition is updated to incorporate the latest advances in this field, and to reflect the fact that amputees now receive rehabilitation therapy in a variety of settings. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Lower-limb Prosthetics Norman Berger, Sidney Fishman, 1997 |
| above knee amputation anatomy: SRB's Surgical Operations Sriram Bhat M, 2017-11-30 This new edition has been fully revised to provide general surgeons with the latest advances and knowledge in their field. Beginning with an overview of preoperative preparation, the operation room, principles of incision, and instruments, the following sections discuss surgical techniques for diseases and disorders in different parts of the body including breast diseases, salivary glands, stomach and duodenum, urologic surgeries, and much more. Each procedure is presented in a step by step approach, explaining the technique, potential complications, and their avoidance. The comprehensive text of nearly 1500 pages is highly illustrated with more than 3000 clinical photographs, detailed diagrams, and tables. Key points Fully revised, new edition providing latest advances in general surgery Nearly 1500 pages cover techniques for diseases and disorders throughout the body Highly illustrated with more than 3000 clinical images and tables Previous edition (9789350251218) published in 2014 |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Postgraduate Orthopaedics Paul A. Banaszkiewicz, Deiary F. Kader, 2012-08-16 The must-have book for candidates preparing for the oral component of the FRCS (Tr and Orth). |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Contraindications in Physical Rehabilitation - E-Book Mitchell Batavia, 2006-05-09 This essential handbook provides clinicians with a summary of contraindications and precautions to review before treating patients seeking physical rehabilitation. This detailed resource discusses all of the contraindications in one convenient source and includes the full range of interventions, ranging from physical agents to supportive devices to therapeutic exercises. Organized by ICD categories and referenced from multiple sources, with strong coverage of adverse events, this handbook helps to ensure safe practice. - Provides crucial, easily accessible information to refresh therapists on contraindications that may not fall within their routine area of treatment. - Covers the full range of interventions in detail, including the purpose of the intervention, mechanism, contraindications and precautions, rationale, and references. - Helps ensure that practitioners do no harm, providing safer client care and addressing clients with pre-existing conditions. - Uses terminology from The Guide to Physical Therapist Practice, reinforcing the use of up-to-date language. - Presents quality information from a highly renowned author, with evidence-based information throughout. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Medical Pharmacology and Therapeutics E-Book Derek G. Waller, Tony Sampson, 2013-08-07 This book covers all the pharmacology you need, from basic science pharmacology and pathophysiology, through to clinical pharmacology to therapeutics, in line with the integrated approach of new medical curricula. The first section covers the basic principles, and the rest is organised by body systems. The book ends with sections on toxicity and prescribing practice. Integrates basic science pharmacology, clinical pharmacology and therapeutics Brief review of pathophysiology of major diseases Case histories and multiple choice questions (and answers) Tabular presentation of all common drugs within each class Section on further reading Kinetics chapter simplified with more practical examples Includes more on genetic issues Drug tables made more concise to make information more accessible Fully updated to reflect current clinical practice |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Skin Flaps William C. Grabb, Melvil Bert Myers, 1975 |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Handbook of Human Motion , 2018-04-24 The Handbook of Human Motion is a large cross-disciplinary reference work which covers the many interlinked facets of the science and technology of human motion and its measurement. Individual chapters cover fundamental principles and technological developments, the state-of-the-art and consider applications across four broad and interconnected fields; medicine, sport, forensics and animation. The huge strides in technological advancement made over the past century make it possible to measure motion with unprecedented precision, but also lead to new challenges. This work introduces the many different approaches and systems used in motion capture, including IR and ultrasound, mechanical systems and video, plus some emerging techniques. The large variety of techniques used for the study of motion science in medicine can make analysis a complicated process, but extremely effective for the treatment of the patient when well utilised. The handbook descri bes how motion capture techniques are applied in medicine, and shows how the resulting analysis can help in diagnosis and treatment. A closely related field, sports science involves a combination of in-depth medical knowledge and detailed understanding of performance and training techniques, and motion capture can play an extremely important role in linking these disciplines. The handbook considers which technologies are most appropriate in specific circumstances, how they are applied and how this can help prevent injury and improve sporting performance. The application of motion capture in forensic science and security is reviewed, with chapters dedicated to specific areas including employment law, injury analysis, criminal activity and motion/facial recognition. And in the final area of application, the book describes how novel motion capture techniques have been designed specifically to aid the creation of increasingly realistic animation within films and v ideo games, with Lord of the Rings and Avatar just two examples. Chapters will provide an overview of the bespoke motion capture techniques developed for animation, how these have influenced advances in film and game design, and the links to behavioural studies, both in humans and in robotics. Comprising a cross-referenced compendium of different techniques and applications across a broad field, the Handbook of Human Motion provides the reader with a detailed reference and simultaneously a source of inspiration for future work. The book will be of use to students, researchers, engineers and others working in any field relevant to human motion capture. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: Total Knee Arthroplasty James Alan Rand, 1993 This comprehensive reference on total knee arthroplasty describes all surgical techniques and prosthetic designs for primary and revision arthroplasty, discusses every aspect of patient selection, preoperative planning, and intraoperative and postoperative care. |
| above knee amputation anatomy: The Child with a Limb Deficiency John A. Herring, John G. Birch, 1998 Experts in the field of orthopaedic surgery, physical therapy, child psychology, and prosthetics and orthotics discuss the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of genetic and traumatic limb deficiencies in children. Topics covered in the book include: classification and treatment of congenital femoral deficiency, including Syme's amputation, rotationplasty, and limb lengthening; classification and treatment of fibular deficiency, tibial deficiency, epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of acquired amputations; prosthetic management; management of upper extremity deficiencies and of multiple amputations; and outcomes measures. |
ABOVE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of ABOVE is in the sky : overhead. How to use above in a sentence. Using Above as an Adjective or Noun: Usage Guide
ABOVE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
ABOVE definition: 1. in or to a higher position than something else: 2. more than an amount or level: 3. most…. Learn more.
234 Synonyms & Antonyms for ABOVE - Thesaurus.com
Find 234 different ways to say ABOVE, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com.
Above - definition of above by The Free Dictionary
In or to a higher rank or position: the ranks of major and above. prep. 1. Over or higher than: a cool spring above the timberline. 2. Superior to in rank, position, or number; greater than: put …
ABOVE - Definition & Translations | Collins English Dictionary
Discover everything about the word "ABOVE" in English: meanings, translations, synonyms, pronunciations, examples, and grammar insights - all in one comprehensive guide.
What does above mean? - Definitions.net
What does above mean? This dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word above. Something, especially a person name in …
Above Definition & Meaning - YourDictionary
In, at, or to a higher place; overhead; up. In heaven; heavenward. In or to heaven. Upstairs. A table in the dining room above. Over or higher than. A cool spring above the timberline. Higher …
Above vs. Over: What's the Difference? - Grammarly
Above is used to indicate a higher level without implying contact, or signifies superiority or excess in quantity. Over, on the other hand, can imply contact, movement, or being directly superior to …
above: Meaning and Definition of - Infoplease
not subject or liable to; not capable of (some undesirable action, thought, etc.): above suspicion; to be above bad behavior. of too fine a character for: He is above such trickery. rather than; in …
Above | Meaning, Part of Speech & Phrases - QuillBot
Apr 14, 2025 · Above generally works in combination with the other elements of a sentence to mean that one thing is “over,” “higher,” or “more than” something else (e.g., “She lives in the …
ABOVE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of ABOVE is in the sky : overhead. How to use above in a sentence. Using Above as an Adjective or Noun: Usage Guide
ABOVE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
ABOVE definition: 1. in or to a higher position than something else: 2. more than an amount or level: 3. most…. …
234 Synonyms & Antonyms for ABOVE - Thesaurus.com
Find 234 different ways to say ABOVE, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at …
Above - definition of above by The Free Dictionary
In or to a higher rank or position: the ranks of major and above. prep. 1. Over or higher than: a cool spring above the timberline. 2. Superior to in rank, position, or number; greater than: …
ABOVE - Definition & Translations | Collins English …
Discover everything about the word "ABOVE" in English: meanings, translations, synonyms, pronunciations, examples, and grammar insights - all in one …
