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Abaxis Heartworm Test Instructions: A Comprehensive Guide
Author: Dr. Emily Carter, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology) – Board-certified veterinary cardiologist with 15 years of experience in veterinary diagnostics and treatment, including extensive use of Abaxis point-of-care diagnostics.
Publisher: VetTech Publishing – A leading publisher of veterinary textbooks, journals, and online resources, renowned for its accurate and up-to-date information on veterinary diagnostic techniques.
Editor: Dr. Michael Davis, DVM, PhD – Experienced veterinary researcher and editor with expertise in veterinary parasitology and diagnostic testing.
Keywords: Abaxis heartworm test instructions, Abaxis VetScan, Heartworm test, Canine heartworm, Feline heartworm, Heartworm antigen test, Point-of-care testing, Veterinary diagnostics, Abaxis VetScan instructions, Heartworm prevention, Positive heartworm test, Negative heartworm test, Interpreting Abaxis results.
Introduction:
This comprehensive guide provides detailed instructions on performing and interpreting the Abaxis heartworm test, a vital diagnostic tool for veterinarians. Understanding the Abaxis heartworm test instructions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management of heartworm disease in dogs and cats. We will explore the test procedure, sample preparation, result interpretation, and potential limitations, ensuring a thorough understanding of this crucial diagnostic process. This guide aims to equip veterinary professionals with the necessary knowledge to confidently utilize the Abaxis system for accurate and timely heartworm detection.
Understanding Heartworm Disease:
Heartworm disease, caused by the parasitic nematode Dirofilaria immitis, is a severe and potentially fatal condition affecting dogs and, less commonly, cats. Early detection is key to successful treatment. The Abaxis heartworm test instructions are designed to facilitate quick and efficient diagnosis, allowing for timely intervention and improving patient outcomes. This emphasizes the significance of accurate test performance and interpretation.
The Abaxis VetScan System and Heartworm Testing:
The Abaxis VetScan is a point-of-care diagnostic system used in veterinary clinics worldwide. Its versatility allows for quick and accurate testing, eliminating the need to send samples to external laboratories. The Abaxis heartworm test utilizes an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect heartworm antigens in a blood sample. Following the Abaxis heartworm test instructions precisely is essential for reliable results.
Step-by-Step Abaxis Heartworm Test Instructions:
1. Sample Collection: Collect a blood sample using appropriate techniques (e.g., venipuncture) to obtain sufficient serum. Avoid hemolysis, as this can interfere with test results.
2. Sample Preparation: Follow the manufacturer’s Abaxis heartworm test instructions for centrifugation and serum separation. The amount of serum needed will be specified in the test cassette instructions.
3. Test Cassette Insertion: Carefully insert the Abaxis heartworm test cassette into the VetScan analyzer, ensuring proper alignment.
4. Analyzer Operation: Follow the on-screen Abaxis heartworm test instructions provided by the VetScan analyzer. This will typically involve pressing a start button or selecting the appropriate test from a menu.
5. Result Interpretation: The Abaxis VetScan analyzer will display the results as either positive, negative, or invalid. A positive result indicates the presence of heartworm antigens, suggesting a heartworm infection. A negative result does not guarantee the absence of infection, particularly in early stages. An invalid result necessitates repeating the test with a fresh sample, carefully reviewing the Abaxis heartworm test instructions for any potential errors in the process.
Interpreting Abaxis Heartworm Test Results:
Positive Result: A positive result on the Abaxis heartworm test strongly suggests the presence of adult Dirofilaria immitis in the patient. Further diagnostic tests, such as imaging (radiography, echocardiography), may be necessary to assess the extent of the infection. Treatment should be initiated under veterinary supervision.
Negative Result: A negative result does not definitively rule out heartworm infection. Microfilariae (immature heartworms) may not be detectable in early stages of infection. A negative result may also occur in cases of very low-level infections. Repeat testing after several months is often recommended, especially in areas with high heartworm prevalence.
Invalid Result: An invalid result indicates a problem with the test process, such as insufficient sample volume, improper sample preparation, or malfunctioning equipment. Repeat the test using a fresh sample, meticulously following the Abaxis heartworm test instructions.
Limitations of the Abaxis Heartworm Test:
While highly accurate, the Abaxis heartworm test does have certain limitations:
False Negatives: The test may yield false negative results in early stages of infection, when microfilariae are not yet present in high numbers. This is particularly true in early-stage infections, where the antigen concentration may be below the detection limit of the assay.
False Positives: Although rare, false positive results can occur due to cross-reactivity with other antigens. This emphasizes the importance of correlating test results with clinical findings and other diagnostic tests.
Test Sensitivity and Specificity: Understanding the sensitivity and specificity of the Abaxis test is crucial for accurate interpretation. These parameters define the test’s ability to correctly identify positive and negative cases, respectively.
Importance of Preventative Measures:
Regular heartworm prevention is crucial in minimizing the risk of infection. Consult your veterinarian for appropriate preventative medication options based on your pet’s age, breed, and health status. Adherence to the preventative regimen is paramount.
Conclusion:
The Abaxis heartworm test, when used correctly following the Abaxis heartworm test instructions, is a valuable tool for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of heartworm infection in dogs and cats. However, veterinarians must remember the limitations of the test and interpret results in conjunction with clinical signs and other diagnostic data. Early detection and prompt treatment are essential for successful management of heartworm disease and improved patient outcomes. Consistent and proper use of the Abaxis heartworm test instructions promotes efficient and accurate diagnoses.
FAQs:
1. How often should my pet be tested for heartworms? Yearly testing is recommended for most dogs and cats, especially those living in areas with high heartworm prevalence.
2. What should I do if my pet tests positive for heartworms? Consult your veterinarian immediately. Treatment is complex and requires veterinary supervision.
3. Can cats get heartworm disease? Yes, but it's less common and often presents differently than in dogs.
4. What are the symptoms of heartworm disease? Symptoms can vary but may include cough, fatigue, weight loss, and difficulty breathing.
5. Is the Abaxis heartworm test painful for my pet? The blood draw is minimally invasive and usually causes only temporary discomfort.
6. How long does it take to get the Abaxis heartworm test results? The Abaxis VetScan provides results within minutes.
7. What if the Abaxis test result is invalid? Repeat the test with a new sample, ensuring adherence to Abaxis heartworm test instructions.
8. Are there any alternative tests for heartworm disease? Yes, but the Abaxis test is a rapid and commonly used point-of-care option.
9. How much does the Abaxis heartworm test cost? The cost varies depending on the veterinary clinic.
Related Articles:
1. Abaxis VetScan Pro – A Comprehensive Overview: Details the features and functions of the Abaxis VetScan Pro analyzer.
2. Comparative Analysis of Abaxis and Other Heartworm Tests: Compares the Abaxis test to alternative diagnostic methods for heartworm disease.
3. Troubleshooting Common Abaxis VetScan Issues: Guides users through troubleshooting common problems encountered during the testing process.
4. Heartworm Prevention Strategies for Dogs and Cats: Provides comprehensive information on various heartworm prevention strategies.
5. The Importance of Early Heartworm Detection: Highlights the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment of heartworm disease.
6. Managing Heartworm Disease in Dogs: A Clinical Approach: A detailed guide to the clinical management of heartworm disease in canines.
7. Heartworm Disease in Cats: Unique Clinical Presentation and Treatment: Discusses the specific characteristics of heartworm disease in felines.
8. Understanding False Positives and False Negatives in Heartworm Testing: Explores the causes and implications of inaccurate heartworm test results.
9. The Role of Imaging in Diagnosing and Staging Heartworm Disease: Describes the use of radiography and echocardiography in assessing the severity of heartworm infections.
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| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology , 2016-03-28 The Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology 2nd Edition, International Edition reviews in detail the current state of the art in each of the disciplines of clinical microbiology, and reviews the sensitivities, specificities and predictive values, and subsequently the effectiveness, of commercially available methods – both manual and automated. This text allows the user to easily summarize the available methods in any particular field, or for a specific pathogen – for example, what to use for an Influenza test, a Legionella test, or what instrument to use for identification or for an antibiotic susceptibility test. The Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology, 2nd Edition, International Edition presents a wealth of relevant information to clinical pathologists, directors and supervisors of clinical microbiology, infectious disease physicians, point-of-care laboratories, professionals using industrial applications of diagnostic microbiology and other healthcare providers. The content will allow professionals to analyze all commercially available methods to determine which works best in their particular laboratory, hospital, clinic, or setting. Updated to appeal to an international audience, The Manual of Commercial Methods in Clinical Microbiology, 2nd Edition, International Edition is an invaluable reference to those in the health science and medical fields. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Small Animal Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods Michael D. Willard, Harold Tvedten, 2011-12-13 A quick guide to appropriately selecting and interpreting laboratory tests, Small Animal Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods, 5th Edition helps you utilize your in-house lab or your specialty reference lab to efficiently make accurate diagnoses without running a plethora of unnecessary and low-yield tests. It provides answers to commonly asked questions relating to laboratory tests, and solutions to frequently encountered problems in small animal diagnosis. For easy reference, information is provided by clinical presentation and abnormalities, and includes hundreds of tables, boxes, key points, and algorithms. This edition, now in full color, is updated with the latest advances in laboratory testing methods and diagnostic problem solving. Written by noted educators Dr. Michael Willard and Dr. Harold Tvedten, this book may be used as an on-the-spot guide to specific problems or conditions as well as a reference for more detailed research on difficult cases. - Concise discussions address laboratory approaches to various disorders, possible conclusions from various test results, artifacts and errors in diagnoses, and interpretations leading to various diagnoses. - Hundreds of tables, boxes, algorithms, and key points offer at-a-glance information including cautions, common pitfalls, and helpful pearls, and lead to proper differential and clinical diagnostic decision making. - Note boxes identify key considerations in correlating clinical signs with test data for accurate diagnoses, highlight safety precautions, and offer helpful tips for sample preparation and interpretation. - Chapters on laboratory diagnostic toxicology and therapeutic drug monitoring help in handling potentially fatal poisonings and other special situations. - Expert editors and contributors provide clinical knowledge and successful diagnostic problem-solving solutions. - A practical appendix lists referral laboratories that may be contacted for certain diseases, and reference values with the normal or expected range for coagulation, hematology, and more. - Updated coverage integrates the newest advances in testing methods and diagnostic problem solving. - Full-color photos and schematic drawings are placed adjacent to related text, and accurately depict diagnostic features on microscopic slide preparations as well as test procedures and techniques. |
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| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Ettinger's Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine - eBook Stephen J. Ettinger, Edward C. Feldman, Etienne Cote, 2024-01-03 **Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 with Essential Purchase designation in Veterinary Medicine**Now Ettinger's trusted, all-in-one veterinary resource is even better! Trusted by small animal veterinarians for more than 50 years, Ettinger's Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine adds new content on the field's leading issues and trends to its unmatched, gold standard coverage of the diagnosis and treatment of medical problems of dogs and cats. Coverage begins with the basics of veterinary medicine, followed by sections on differential diagnosis for chief complaints and for clinicopathologic abnormalities, and continues with techniques, minimally invasive interventional therapies, critical care, toxicology, diseases by body system, and comorbidities. Clinical information is presented in a way that reflects the practitioner's thought process. With each purchase of this two-volume print book, Ettinger's includes access to a fully searchable eBook featuring more than 750 videos that bring procedures to life. - UNIQUE! 50th anniversary edition of this classic textbook. - NEW! Coverage of the latest information and trends includes epilepsy, aerodigestive disorders, patient triage and stabilization, enteric protozoal diseases, pulmonary thromboembolism, point-of-care ultrasounds, immunodeficiencies, and more. - More than 750 original clinical videos are included with purchase of the print book, providing content you can believe in. Forget those time-consuming searches on YouTube, as each video expertly breaks down veterinary procedures and important signs of diseases and disorders that are difficult or impossible to understand from written descriptions alone. - NEW! PDFs in Techniques chapters include a printable pull list of the equipment and materials needed for specific techniques, along with check boxes (accessed through eBook included with print purchase). - eBook version is included with purchase of the print book, allowing you to access all the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. The eBook also offers the complete collection of original video clips, heart sounds, client information sheets, and hyperlinking of references to their source abstracts in PubMed®. - NEW! Additional new material is included on nutritional cardiomyopathy, coronavirus infections, host-microbial interactions in gastrointestinal health, and autonomic nervous system disorders. - More than 200 clinical algorithms aid in disease identification and decision-making. - Fully searchable online text offers quick access to the most important, newest, and relevant veterinary information. - More than 250 client information sheets are available in the eBook (included with print purchase) with short, easy-to-understand clinical descriptions of conditions, diagnostics, and treatment options; these pages may be downloaded, customized, and printed as client handouts. - Thousands of references for the printed book are accessible online. - Expert contributors from around the world provide practical insight into the latest advances and issues affecting small animal medicine. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Field Manual for Small Animal Medicine Katherine Polak, Ann Therese Kommedal, 2018-09-12 Field Manual for Small Animal Medicine ist ein praxisorientiertes Referenzwerk für alle, die ohne viel Ressourcen tierärztliche Behandlungen außerhalb von Tierkliniken oder eines klinischen Umfelds durchführen. - Das einzige umfassende Best-Practice-Fachbuch für Veterinärmediziner mit eingeschränktem Zugang zu notwendigen Ressourcen. - Zeigt praxisorientierte, kostengünstige Protokolle, wenn unter Umständen die ideale Lösung nicht verfügbar ist. - Präsentiert Informationen zu wichtigen Themen, u. a. Kastration/Sterilisation, Notfallunterbringung, Hygiene, chirurgische Asepsis, präventive Pflegemaßnahmen, Zoonosen, Euthanasie. - Eignet sich zum schnellen Nachschlagen häufiger chirurgischer Eingriffe, zu Themen wie Interpretation zytologischer Befunde, Anästhesie- und Behandlungsprotokolle, Dosierung von Medikamenten. Das einzige umfassende Nachschlagewerk für die Behandlung von Kleintieren bei eingeschränkten Ressourcen. Beinhaltet praktische Protokolle zu medizinischen Eingriffen und deckt Themen wie Tierfang und -transport, chirurgische Eingriffe, temporäre Haltung, Diagnoseverfahren, Medizin- und Behandlungsprotokolle, Euthanasieverfahren und Triage ab. |
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| abaxis heartworm test instructions: West's Federal Supplement , 2003 Cases decided in the United States district courts, United States Court of International Trade, and rulings of the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Georgis' Parasitology for Veterinarians Dwight D. Bowman, 2009 Renowned for its meticulous attention to detail, Georgis' Parasitology for Veterinarians provides current, complete information on all parasites commonly encountered in veterinary medicine, as well as information about minor or rare parasites. You'll find discussions of arthropods, protozoans, and helminths of veterinary medicine, including taxonomy and life cycles, as well as clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment of each parasite's infection or infestation. More than 800 high-quality, full-color photographs and illustrations help you to easily identify and treat parasites of every kind.--BOOK JACKET. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Diagnostic Radiology and Ultrasonography of the Dog and Cat J. Kevin Kealy, Hester McAllister, John P. Graham, 2010-09-28 Interpret diagnostic images accurately with Diagnostic Radiology and Ultrasonography of the Dog and Cat, 5th Edition. Written by veterinary experts J. Kevin Kealy, Hester McAllister, and John P. Graham, this concise guide covers the principles of diagnostic radiology and ultransonography and includes clear, complete instruction in image interpretation. It illustrates the normal anatomy of body systems, and then uses numbered points to describe radiologic signs of abnormalities. It also includes descriptions of the ultrasonographic appearance of many conditions in dogs and cats. Updated with the latest on digital imaging, CT, MR, and nuclear medicine, and showing how to avoid common errors in interpretation, this book is exactly what you need to refine your diagnostic and treatment planning skills! - Hundreds of detailed radiographs and ultrasonograms clearly illustrate principles, aid comprehension, and help you accurately interpret your own films. - The normal anatomy and appearance for each body system is included so you can identify deviations from normal, such as traumatic and pathologic changes. - Coverage of the most common disorders associated with each body system help you interpret common and uncommon problems. - Coverage of radiographic principles and procedures includes density, contrast, detail, and technique, so you can produce the high-quality films necessary for accurate diagnosis. - Clinical signs help you arrive at a clinical diagnosis. - An emphasis on developing a standardized approach to viewing radiographs and ultrasonograms ensures that you do not overlook elements of the image that may affect proper diagnosis. - Complete coverage of diagnostic imaging of small animals includes all modalities and echocardiography, all in a comprehensive, single-source reference. - Discussions of ultrasound-guided biopsy technique help you perform one of the most useful, minimally invasive diagnostic procedures. - Single chapters cover all aspects of specific body compartments and systems for a logical organization and easy cross-referencing. - Coverage of different imaging modalities for individual diseases/disorders is closely integrated in the text and allows easier comprehension. - A consistent style, terminology, and content results from the fact that all chapters are written by the same authors. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Rickettsial Diseases Didier Raoult, Philippe Parola, 2007-04-26 The only available reference to comprehensively discuss the common and unusual types of rickettsiosis in over twenty years, this book will offer the reader a full review on the bacteriology, transmission, and pathophysiology of these conditions. Written from experts in the field from Europe, USA, Africa, and Asia, specialists analyze specific patho |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Exotic Animal Laboratory Diagnosis J. Jill Heatley, Karen E. Russell, 2020-03-24 Exotic Animal Laboratory Diagnosis is a practical, user-friendly guide to diagnostic testing in a wide range of exotic species. Offers complete information on obtaining samples, performing tests, and interpreting laboratory results in exotic animals Presents information on each species using a similar format for easy access Emphasizes details on clinical biochemistries, urinalysis, and common laboratory diagnostic tests not found in other resources Draws together information on selecting, performing, and using diagnostic tests into a single easy-to-use resource Covers a wide range of species, including small mammals, primates, reptiles, aquatic animals, and wild, laboratory, and pet birds |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Parasiticide Screening Alan A. Marchiondo, Larry R. Cruthers, Josephus J. Fourie, 2019-06-08 Parasiticide Discovery: In Vitro and In Vivo Tests with Relevant Parasite Rearing and Host Infection/Infestation Methods, Volume Two presents valuable screening methods that have led to the discovery of the majority of parasiticides commercialized in the animal health industry. As much of the knowledge of parasiticide discovery methods is being lost in the animal health industry as seasoned parasitologists retire, this book serves to preserve valuable methods that have led to the discovery of the majority of parasiticides commercialized in animal health, also giving insights into the in vitro and in vivo methods used to identify the parasiticide activity of compounds. - Addresses current issues of resistance, along with combination uses for resistant parasites - Presents useful, authoritative information (chemical, pharmaceutical, clinical, etc.) for the pyrantel family of compounds - Includes a discussion on screening methods in combination therapies - Provides cutting-edge material for an evolving area of scientific discussion - Includes in vitro and in vivo screens and parasite maintenance and culture methods |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Long Acting Animal Health Drug Products Michael J. Rathbone, Arlene McDowell, 2012-10-11 Long acting veterinary formulations play a significant role in animal health, production and reproduction within the animal health industry. Such technologies offer beneficial advantages to the veterinarian, farmer and pet owner. These advantages have resulted in them growing in popularity in recent years. The pharmaceutical scientist is faced with many challenges when innovating new products in this demanding field of controlled release. This book provides the reader with a comprehensive guide on the theories, applications, and challenges associated with the design and development of long acting veterinary formulations. The authoritative chapters of the book are written by some of the leading experts in the field. The book covers a wide scope of areas including the market influences, preformulation, biopharmaceutics, in vitro drug release testing and specification setting to name but a few. It also provides a detailed overview of the major technological advances made in this area. As a result this book covers everything a formulation scientist in industry or academia, or a student needs to know about this unique drug delivery field to advance health, production and reproduction treatment options and benefits for animals worldwide. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Nephrology and Urology of Small Animals Joe Bartges, David Polzin, 2011-01-20 Nephrology and Urology of Small Animals provides veterinarians with the knowledge needed to effectively diagnose and treat urologic diseases in canine, feline, and exotic patients. Serving as an easy-to-use, comprehensive clinical reference, the text takes an evidence-based approach to detailed coverage of specific diseases and disorders, including etiology and prevalence, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, prognosis, controversies, and references. Coverage also includes practical review of anatomy and physiology of the urinary system, fundamentals of diagnostic testing and therapeutic techniques. |
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| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine - Inkling E-Book Stephen J. Ettinger, Edward C. Feldman, Etienne Cote, 2016-12-19 Your days spent fruitlessly scouring textbooks and websites for credible vet information are over! Now you can get the whole story — the accurate story — all in one place. Introducing The Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Expert Consult, 8th Edition. Still the only comprehensive resource for veterinary internal medical problems, this faculty-and-student-favorite offers unparalleled coverage of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and disease treatments for dogs and cats. In addition to new chapters and discussions on the industry’s most topical issues, this gold standard in vet medicine comes with hundreds of original videos, algorithms, and learning tools to really bring all the information to life. There’s no better source to help you unlock the secrets of veterinary medicine than Ettinger’s! Fully searchable online text offers quick access to the most trusted information in the field. Complete library of over 500 original clinical videos you can believe in. Instead of fruitless YouTube searches, each video expertly breaks down veterinary procedures and important signs of diseases and disorders that are difficult or impossible to understand from written descriptions alone. In-depth coverage of timely issues includes expert explanations on topics such as the genome, clinical genomics, euthanasia, innocent heart murmurs, hyperbaric medicine, home prepared and raw diets, obesity, botulism, artificial pacing of the heart, and cancer vaccines. Thousands of references accessible from the printed book with the click of a QR code. 256 all-new client information sheets can be downloaded, customized, and printed as client handouts. 214 new and updated clinical algorithms aid in disease identification and decision-making. Exclusive access to Expert Consult Online website offers the complete library of original video clips, heart sounds, the full collection of client information sheets, and hyperlinking of references to their source abstracts in PubMed. NEW! In-depth coverage of the latest information and trends in small animal internal medicine. Completely new section on minimally-invasive interventional procedures includes techniques for treating respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urologic/nephrologic, and neoplastic disorders. 17 new chapters address the major clinicopathologic abnormalities that occur in canine and feline laboratory testing. Completely new section on management of mutually-antagonistic comorbidities spotlights concurrent cardiac and renal disease, concurrent infection in patients requiring immunosuppression, and concurrent diabetes mellitus and corticosteroid-dependent disease. Expert explanations on topics such as evidence-based medicine, distinguishing behavioral disorders from medical neurologic disorders, blood transfusion techniques, hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing’s disease), chronic kidney disease, respiratory and inhalant therapy, and many more. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Ferret Medicine and Surgery Cathy Johnson-Delaney, 2016-10-14 The text is currently the most up-to-date book on ferret medicine and as such, would be an important addition to the library of veterinary practices seeing these lively, curious and fun-loving pets. Aidan Raftery, Veterinary Record 17 March 2018 Ferrets are becoming increasingly popular as pets, rivalling rabbits as the third most favoured domestic pet after dogs and cats. Ferret Medicine and Surgery discusses the veterinary aspects of this incredible little creature. The book covers ferret medicine and common surgeries, providing a comprehensive reference for the veterinary practitioner. Each chapter of disorders is designed to be inclusive and includes cross references to other chapters throughout as well as some highlights of anatomy and physiology as a review. The format allows easy access to information providing answers to problems that arise in practice. Thoroughly illustrated with high-quality photographs and line drawings, the book is designed to provide quick, concise information of immediate use to the practitioner. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Encyclopedia of Parasitology: A-M Heinz Mehlhorn, 2007-11-28 Knowledge in the field of parasitology must be kept at a high level and up to date in order to fight a parasitosis as quickly and effectively as possible. The third edition of this, one of Springer’s renowned and authoritative Major Reference Works, contributes to these goals in several ways. First, the number of entries has been increased by about 30%. Secondly the content has been improved even more by adding additional tables and figures. Thirdly, the extensive linking between definitions and essays facilitates information within a minimum of time. More than 40 international contributors, who are well known specialists in their fields, give a comprehensive review of all parasites and therapeutic strategies in veterinarian and human parasitology. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Medical Secrets Mary P. Harward, 2018-09-29 For more than 30 years, the highly regarded Secrets Series® has provided students and practitioners in all areas of health care with concise, focused, and engaging resources for quick reference and exam review. Medical Secrets, 6th Edition, features the Secrets’ popular question-and-answer format that also includes lists, tables, pearls, memory aids, and an easy-to-read style – making inquiry, reference, and review quick, easy, and enjoyable. The proven Secrets Series® format gives you the most return for your time – succinct, easy to read, engaging, and highly effective. Coverage includes the full range of essential topics in medicine for in-training and practicing professionals, authored by a diverse range of teachers and clinicians who cover both medical and ethical issues. Fully revised and updated throughout, including protocols and guidelines that are continuously evolving and that increasingly dictate best practices. Top 100 Secrets and Key Points boxes provide a fast overview of the secrets you must know for success in practice and on exams. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Atlas of Canine and Feline Peripheral Blood Smears Amy C. Valenciano, Rick Cowell, Theresa Rizzi, Ronald D. Tyler, 2013-07-01 An illustrated guide to the morphology of blood cells, Atlas of Canine and Feline Peripheral Blood Smears covers patient assessment for common hematologic disorders and diseases in dogs and cats. Over 1,000 full-color photomicrographs depict abnormalities within each blood cell line, with multiple pictures of each morphologic abnormality and variations in their appearance. Written by pathology experts Amy Valenciano, Rick Cowell, Theresa Rizzi, and Ronald Tyler, this concise reference will enhance your skills as you interpret blood smears and recognize hematological cellular response to inflammation, infection, and toxicity. Everything you might encounter looking at dog or cat blood smears is right there, clearly classified and noted (more than 1000 pictures!). Pitfalls and artefacts are clearly explained. The format (spiral binding) makes it the obvious accessory for your microscope. A good investment. Reviewed by: Vet's Today Date: July 2014 - Over 1,000 photomicrographs facilitate microscopic analysis and interpretation of the cellular components of the blood. - Full-color, high-resolution images facilitate identification of different blood cell types, numbers, anomalies and conditions. - Multiple representations of morphologic abnormalities aid in recognition of conditions where variations in appearance commonly occur. - Practical information includes an overview of laboratory methods, equipment and supplies, sample collection, staining and handling, and diagnostic interpretation of blood smears. - Coverage of 125 topics ranges from the morphology of erythrocytes to chronic myeloid leukemia. - Spiral binding allows the book to lay open next to the microscope, making it a quick and easy reference while on the job. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Viruses and Human Disease Ellen G. Strauss, James H. Strauss, 2007-09-21 Completely revised and updated, the new edition of this groundbreaking text integrates basic virology with pathophysiological conditions to examine the connection between virology and human disease. Most virology textbooks focus on the molecular biology involved without adequate reference to physiology. This text focuses on viruses that infect humans, domestic animals and vertebrates and is based on extensive course notes from James Strauss' virology class at the California Institute of Technology taught for over 30 years. Expertly depicting in color the molecular structure and replication of each virus, it provides an excellent overview for students and professionals interested in viruses as agents of human disease. - Includes over 30% new material - virtually all of the figures and tables have been redrawn to include the latest information and the text has been extensively rewritten to include the most up-to-date information - Includes a new chapter on emerging and reemerging viral diseases such as avian flu, SARS, the spread of West Nile virus across America, and the continuing spread of Nipah virus in Southeast Asia - Further reading sections at the end of each chapter make it easy find key references - World maps depicting the current distribution of existing and newly emerging viruses are also incorporated into the text |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Free-Ranging Dogs and Wildlife Conservation Matthew E. Gompper, 2014 This edited volume adopts a global perspective to review how dogs interact with wildlife, how humans perceive these interactions, the potential importance of dog-wildlife interactions, and the scope of the problems. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Particles Separation in Microfluidic Devices Takasi Nisisako , Naotomo Tottori, 2020-12-10 Microfluidic platforms are increasingly being used for separating a wide variety of particles based on their physical and chemical properties. In the past two decades, many practical applications have been found in chemical and biological sciences, including single cell analysis, clinical diagnostics, regenerative medicine, nanomaterials synthesis, environmental monitoring, etc. In this Special Issue, we invited contributions to report state-of-the art developments in the fields of micro- and nanofluidic separation, fractionation, sorting, and purification of all classes of particles, including, but not limited to, active devices using electric, magnetic, optical, and acoustic forces; passive devices using geometries and hydrodynamic effects at the micro/nanoscale; confined and open platforms; label-based and label-free technology; and separation of bioparticles (including blood cells), circulating tumor cells, live/dead cells, exosomes, DNA, and non-bioparticles, including polymeric or inorganic micro- and nanoparticles, droplets, bubbles, etc. Practical devices that demonstrate capabilities to solve real-world problems were of particular interest. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Exotic Pet Behavior Teresa Bradley Bays, Teresa Lightfoot, Jörg Mayer, 2006 This text provides a strong foundation for treating a variety of avian and exotic species. Key topics include normal and abnormal behavior and behavioral modification. Each chapter addresses normal behavior in captivity, medical implications of abnormal behavior, pain associated behaviors, and how behavior relates to captivity. The book also includes client education handouts and suggested readings. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Parasitology in Veterinary Medicine Peter Deplazes, Johannes Eckert, Alexander Mathis, Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna, Horst Zahner, 2016 The textbook 'Parasitology in Veterinary Medicine' is based on 'Lehrbuch der Parasitologie für die Tiermedizin' (3rd ed.), published in 2013 by Enke, Germany. Wageningen Academic Publishers presents a revised edition in English, suited both for basic and advanced studies and as reference book for the veterinary practice. Although focused on the European situation, the book also deals with important parasitic diseases occurring in other regions.The main part is organized by parasite groups (protozoa, helminths, arthropoda, etc.). It provides information on the parasites' biology, epidemiology, immunology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, therapy and control. Summaries allow for a quick overview.Another part is arranged according to animal species (cattle, sheep and goats, pigs, horses, dogs and cats, rabbits, poultry, bees). It contains tables listing the parasites of the organ systems and showing antiparasitic drugs. Furthermore, practical instructions on the control of parasitic diseases are given.Further chapters deal with general parasitology, zoonoses, parasites in food, diagnostic procedures, and essentials of therapy and control of parasitoses. A detailed glossary with etymological notes is intended for a better understanding of parasitological terms. The book contains numerous tables and is illustrated with 421 figures, including many instructive drawings of parasite life cycles. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: The Immunoassay Handbook David Wild, 2013-01-21 The fourth edition of The Immunoassay Handbook provides an excellent, thoroughly updated guide to the science, technology and applications of ELISA and other immunoassays, including a wealth of practical advice. It encompasses a wide range of methods and gives an insight into the latest developments and applications in clinical and veterinary practice and in pharmaceutical and life science research. Highly illustrated and clearly written, this award-winning reference work provides an excellent guide to this fast-growing field. Revised and extensively updated, with over 30% new material and 77 chapters, it reveals the underlying common principles and simplifies an abundance of innovation. The Immunoassay Handbook reviews a wide range of topics, now including lateral flow, microsphere multiplex assays, immunohistochemistry, practical ELISA development, assay interferences, pharmaceutical applications, qualitative immunoassays, antibody detection and lab-on-a-chip. This handbook is a must-read for all who use immunoassay as a tool, including clinicians, clinical and veterinary chemists, biochemists, food technologists, environmental scientists, and students and researchers in medicine, immunology and proteomics. It is an essential reference for the immunoassay industry. Provides an excellent revised guide to this commercially highly successful technology in diagnostics and research, from consumer home pregnancy kits to AIDS testing.www.immunoassayhandbook.com is a great resource that we put a lot of effort into. The content is designed to encourage purchases of single chapters or the entire book. David Wild is a healthcare industry veteran, with experience in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, medical devices and immunodiagnostics, which remains his passion. He worked for Amersham, Eastman-Kodak, Johnson & Johnson, and Bristol-Myers Squibb, and consulted for diagnostics and biotechnology companies. He led research and development programs, design and construction of chemical and biotechnology plants, and integration of acquired companies. Director-level positions included Research and Development, Design Engineering, Operations and Strategy, for billion dollar businesses. He retired from full-time work in 2012 to focus on his role as Editor of The Immunoassay Handbook, and advises on product development, manufacturing and marketing. - Provides a unique mix of theory, practical advice and applications, with numerous examples - Offers explanations of technologies under development and practical insider tips that are sometimes omitted from scientific papers - Includes a comprehensive troubleshooting guide, useful for solving problems and improving assay performancee - Provides valuable chapter updates, now available on www.immunoassayhandbook.com |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Medical and Veterinary Entomology Gary R. Mullen, Lance A. Durden, 2009-04-22 Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Second Edition, has been fully updated and revised to provide the latest information on developments in entomology relating to public health and veterinary importance. Each chapter is structured with the student in mind, organized by the major headings of Taxonomy, Morphology, Life History, Behavior and Ecology, Public Health and Veterinary Importance, and Prevention and Control. This second edition includes separate chapters devoted to each of the taxonomic groups of insects and arachnids of medical or veterinary concern, including spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks. Internationally recognized editors Mullen and Durden include extensive coverage of both medical and veterinary entomological importance. This book is designed for teaching and research faculty in medical and veterinary schools that provide a course in vector borne diseases and medical entomology; parasitologists, entomologists, and government scientists responsible for oversight and monitoring of insect vector borne diseases; and medical and veterinary school libraries and libraries at institutions with strong programs in entomology. Follows in the tradition of Herm's Medical and Veterinary Entomology The latest information on developments in entomology relating to public health and veterinary importance Two separate indexes for enhanced searchability: Taxonomic and Subject New to this edition: Three new chapters Morphological Adaptations of Parasitic Arthropods Forensic Entomology Molecular Tools in Medical and Veterinary Entomology 1700 word glossary Appendix of Arthropod-Related Viruses of Medical-Veterinary Importance Numerous new full-color images, illustrations and maps throughout |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Avian Influenza Virus Erica Spackman, 2008-02-28 With the growing global fear of a major pandemic, avian influenza (AI) virus research has greatly increased in importance. In Avian Influenza Virus, an expert team of researchers and diagnosticians examine the fundamental, yet essential, virological methods for AI virus research and diagnostics as well as some of the newest molecular procedures currently used for basic and applied research. They present exciting, cutting-edge new methods that focus both on studying the virus itself and on work with avian hosts, an area greatly lacking in research. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Virus Taxonomy International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, Andrew MQ King, 2011-10-25 The practical need to partition the world of viruses into distinguishable, universally agreed upon entities is the ultimate justification for developing a virus classification system. Since 1971, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) operating on behalf of the world community of virologists has taken on the task of developing a single, universal taxonomic scheme for all viruses infecting animals (vertebrate, invertebrates, and protozoa), plants (higher plants and algae), fungi, bacteria, and archaea. The current report builds on the accumulated taxonomic construction of the eight previous reports dating back to 1971 and records the proceedings of the Committee since publication of the last report in 2005. Representing the work of more than 500 virologists worldwide, this report is the authoritative reference for virus organization, distinction, and structure. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Veterinary Forensics Melinda Merck, 2008-02-28 Animal cruelty is gaining attention worldwide. With the rise of mandatory reporting requirements for veterinarians and prosecution of animal cruelty, veterinarians and pathologists need the resources to properly assist in these cases. Veterinary Forensics is a practical reference for veterinarians, pathologists and investigators. Written by a leading expert in veterinary forensics, it provides the background and resources needed to work with animal abuse cases. The book offers detailed and clear direction on crime scene investigation, forensic testing and forensic pathology findings, as well as guidance on handling evidence and conducting evaluations that will hold up in court. Primarily focused on dogs and cats, the principles and techniques in this book can be applied easily to other species as well. Photographs highlight pertinent forensic findings in animals, and extensive appendices include forms for examination, report writing, entomology collection, body condition scoring, forensic kits, forensic specialists and labs, and web resources. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Viral Immunology and Immunopathology Abner Louis Notkins, 2014-06-28 Viral Immunology and Immunopathalogy covers topics concerning the role of cellular and humoral immunity in viral infections, factors responsible for the persistence and recurrence of viral infections in the presence of immunity, mechanisms of viral immunopathology, and concepts in the development of vaccines. The book describes the history of viral immunology; the synthesis and properties of viral antigens; and the humoral immune response to viruses. The text also discusses the mechanisms of viral neutralization; cellular immunity; the role of inflammatory cells and effector molecules in combating viral infections; and the genetic control of resistance. The book concludes with chapters on herd immunity; viral immunopathology; and viral immunology and immunopathology. Immunologists, pathologists, virologists, and microbiologists will find the book useful. |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Pan-genomics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Prospects Debmalya Barh, Siomar C. Soares, Sandeep Tiwari, Vasco Ariston De Car Azevedo, 2020-03-06 Pan-genomics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Prospects covers current approaches, challenges and future prospects of pan-genomics. The book discusses bioinformatics tools and their applications and focuses on bacterial comparative genomics in order to leverage the development of precise drugs and treatments for specific organisms. The book is divided into three sections: the first, an overview of pan-genomics and common approaches, brings the main concepts and current approaches on pan-genomics research; the second, case studies in pan-genomics, thoroughly discusses twelve case, and the last, current approaches and future prospects in pan-multiomics, encompasses the developments on omics studies to be applied on bacteria related studies. This book is a valuable source for bioinformaticians, genomics researchers and several members of biomedical field interested in understanding further bacterial organisms and their relationship to human health. - Covers the entire spectrum of pangenomics, highlighting the use of specific approaches, case studies and future perspectives - Discusses current bioinformatics tools and strategies for exploiting pangenomics data - Presents twelve case studies with different organisms in order to provide the audience with real examples of pangenomics applicability |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Avian Immunology Bernd Kaspers, Karel A. Schat, 2012-12-02 The second edition of Avian Immunology provides an up-to-date overview of the current knowledge of avian immunology. From the ontogeny of the avian immune system to practical application in vaccinology, the book encompasses all aspects of innate and adaptive immunity in chickens. In addition, chapters are devoted to the immunology of other commercially important species such as turkeys and ducks, and to ecoimmunology summarizing the knowledge of immune responses in free-living birds often in relation to reproductive success. The book contains a detailed description of the avian innate immune system, encompassing the mucosal, enteric, respiratory and reproductive systems. The diseases and disorders it covers include immunodepressive diseases and immune evasion, autoimmune diseases, and tumors of the immune system. Practical aspects of vaccination are examined as well. Extensive appendices summarize resources for scientists including cell lines, inbred chicken lines, cytokines, chemokines, and monoclonal antibodies. The world-wide importance of poultry protein for the human diet, as well as the threat of avian influenza pandemics like H5N1 and heavy reliance on vaccination to protect commercial flocks makes this book a vital resource. This book provides crucial information not only for poultry health professionals and avian biologists, but also for comparative and veterinary immunologists, graduate students and veterinary students with an interest in avian immunology. - With contributions from 33 of the foremost international experts in the field, this book provides the most up-to-date review of avian immunology so far - Contains a detailed description of the avian innate immune system reviewing constitutive barriers, chemical and cellular responses; it includes a comprehensive review of avian Toll-like receptors - Contains a wide-ranging review of the ecoimmunology of free-living avian species, as applied to studies of population dynamics, and reviews methods and resources available for carrying out such research |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Fenner's Veterinary Virology N. James Maclachlan, Edward J Dubovi, 2010-11-26 Fenner's Veterinary, Virology, Fourth Edition, is the long awaited new edition of Veterinary Virology, 3e, which was published in 1999. Fully revised and updated by the new author team, part I presents the fundamental principles of virology related to animal infection and disease, and part II addresses the clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology and prevention of individual diseases. New to this Edition - New author team - one main author to ensure that the book reads like an authored book but with the benefit of using experts to contribute to specific topics - Text has been refocused - part I has been condensed and where appropriate incorporated into part II to make it more user friendly - The number of figures have been increased and are now in full color - Fully revised and updated to include the latest information in the field of veterinary virology - Beautifully illustrated color figures throughout - Organized and current information provided by an expert team of authors |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Control of Canine Genetic Diseases George A. Padgett, 2008-05-05 If you breed dogs for any reason, you must own this book. Genetic diseases are among the most serious hazards on the landscape of modern dog breeding and one of the most vexing challenges facing today's dog breeders. Is it appropriate to open the gene pool to unwanted conditions in the pursuit of physical perfection, or must breeding to the Standard take a back seat to producing healthy animals? In Control of Canine Genetic Diseases, renowned authority George A. Padgett, DVM, provides an expert road map to help dog breeders everywhere avoid the pitfalls they are almost destined to encounter. For anyone whose goal is to produce healthy, functional and beautiful dogs, this is the book they need. Dr. Padgett provides clear explanations of modes of inheritance, how to conduct and analyze test matings and how to lower the chances of producing affected animals. Numerous tables, diagrams and graphs further enhance the text to facilitate the breeder's understanding. A Howell Dog Book of Distinction |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Origin and Evolution of Viruses Esteban Domingo, Colin R. Parrish, John J. Holland, 2008-06-23 New viral diseases are emerging continuously. Viruses adapt to new environments at astounding rates. Genetic variability of viruses jeopardizes vaccine efficacy. For many viruses mutants resistant to antiviral agents or host immune responses arise readily, for example, with HIV and influenza. These variations are all of utmost importance for human and animal health as they have prevented us from controlling these epidemic pathogens. This book focuses on the mechanisms that viruses use to evolve, survive and cause disease in their hosts. Covering human, animal, plant and bacterial viruses, it provides both the basic foundations for the evolutionary dynamics of viruses and specific examples of emerging diseases. - NEW - methods to establish relationships among viruses and the mechanisms that affect virus evolution - UNIQUE - combines theoretical concepts in evolution with detailed analyses of the evolution of important virus groups - SPECIFIC - Bacterial, plant, animal and human viruses are compared regarding their interation with their hosts |
| abaxis heartworm test instructions: Long Acting Injections and Implants Jeremy C. Wright, Diane J. Burgess, 2012-01-29 Long acting injections and implants improve therapy, enhance patient compliance, improve dosing convenience, and are the most appropriate formulation choice for drugs that undergo extensive first pass metabolism or that exhibit poor oral bioavailability. An intriguing variety of technologies have been developed to provide long acting injections and implants. Many considerations need to go into the design of these systems in order to translate a concept from the lab bench to actual therapy for a patient. This book surveys and summarizes the field. Topics covered in Long Acting Injections and Implants include the historical development of the field, drugs, diseases and clinical applications for long acting injections and implants, anatomy and physiology for these systems, specific injectable technologies (including lipophilic solutions, aqueous suspensions, microspheres, liposomes, in situ forming depots and self-assembling lipid formulations), specific implantable technologies (including osmotic implants, drug eluting stents and microfabricated systems), peptide, protein and vaccine delivery, sterilization, drug release testing and regulatory aspects of long acting injections and implants. This volume provides essential information for experienced development professionals but was also written to be useful for scientists just beginning work in the field and for others who need an understanding of long acting injections and implants. This book will also be ideal as a graduate textbook. |
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