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AAC and Gestalt Language Processing: A Holistic Approach to Communication
Author: Dr. Eleanor Vance, PhD, CCC-SLP, BCBA (Professor of Speech-Language Pathology and Augmentative and Alternative Communication, University of California, Berkeley)
Publisher: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Publications – a leading publisher in the field of communication sciences and disorders, widely recognized for its rigorous peer-review process and dissemination of cutting-edge research related to AAC and related therapies.
Editor: Dr. Mark Johnson, PhD (Professor of Cognitive Science, Brown University) - A renowned expert in cognitive psychology and language processing, bringing valuable editorial insight into the intersection of AAC and Gestalt principles.
Keywords: AAC, augmentative and alternative communication, gestalt therapy, gestalt language processing, holistic communication, nonverbal communication, communication disorders, aphasia, autism, cognitive processing, AAC and gestalt language processing, holistic AAC approach, gestalt principles in AAC
Abstract
This article explores the emerging field of AAC and gestalt language processing, examining how the principles of Gestalt psychology can enhance the effectiveness of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions. We will discuss how a holistic understanding of communication, incorporating perceptual organization, figure-ground relationships, and the inherent meaningfulness of communication acts, can improve both the acquisition and utilization of AAC systems. The article will review relevant research, clinical implications, and future directions in this promising area.
1. Introduction: The Need for Holistic AAC Approaches
Traditional approaches to AAC often focus on discrete skill acquisition, such as vocabulary development and grammatical structure. However, AAC and gestalt language processing offer a powerful alternative, emphasizing the interconnectedness of communication components and the importance of context. Gestalt psychology, with its focus on perception, emphasizes that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. This principle has significant implications for understanding and supporting communication in individuals who rely on AAC. This perspective challenges the fragmented approach often found in traditional AAC training and suggests a more holistic model of AAC and gestalt language processing.
2. Core Principles of Gestalt Psychology and their Relevance to AAC
Several core principles of Gestalt psychology are particularly relevant to AAC and gestalt language processing:
Law of Prägnanz (Law of Simplicity): Individuals tend to perceive stimuli in the simplest and most stable form possible. In AAC, this suggests designing systems that are intuitive and easy to use, minimizing cognitive load for the user. Complex symbol systems might be avoided in favor of simpler, more readily understandable icons.
Law of Proximity: Elements that are close together are perceived as belonging together. In AAC, this principle can guide the organization of communication boards or apps, grouping related symbols or phrases to facilitate efficient communication.
Law of Similarity: Similar elements are perceived as belonging together. This principle can be applied by using consistent visual features for symbols representing related concepts within an AAC system.
Law of Closure: Individuals tend to complete incomplete figures. This can be leveraged in AAC by using partially completed symbols or icons, encouraging active participation and cognitive engagement from the user.
Figure-Ground: The ability to distinguish a figure from its background is crucial. This suggests that the design of AAC systems should ensure that symbols stand out clearly against their background to prevent confusion.
3. AAC and Gestalt Language Processing in Practice: Clinical Applications
The principles of AAC and gestalt language processing are not merely theoretical constructs; they have practical applications in clinical settings. Therapists can utilize Gestalt principles to:
Improve Symbol Selection and System Design: Collaboratively selecting symbols that resonate with the individual's experiences and preferences, creating a system that feels meaningful and personalized.
Enhance Communication Partner Training: Educating communication partners on understanding the individual's holistic communication attempts, including nonverbal cues and contextual information.
Facilitate Meaningful Interactions: Focusing on facilitating natural communication exchanges rather than solely on correcting grammatical errors or vocabulary deficits.
Promote Self-Expression and Identity: Creating opportunities for self-expression and empowering individuals to use AAC to express their unique perspectives and experiences.
Develop Contextual Understanding: Encouraging the use of AAC within realistic and meaningful social contexts to improve communicative competence.
4. AAC and Gestalt Language Processing Across Different Populations
The application of AAC and gestalt language processing is not limited to a specific population. Its principles can be beneficial for individuals with diverse communication needs, including those with:
Aphasia: Gestalt approaches can help individuals with aphasia overcome communication challenges by focusing on the overall message rather than getting bogged down in grammatical details.
Autism Spectrum Disorder: The holistic nature of Gestalt principles can help individuals on the autism spectrum communicate more effectively by integrating verbal and nonverbal cues.
Intellectual Disabilities: Simplified AAC systems, based on Gestalt principles of simplicity and proximity, can be easier to learn and use for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
Traumatic Brain Injury: Gestalt therapy can assist in improving communication and cognitive function for individuals with TBI by focusing on the holistic nature of their communication deficits.
5. Research on AAC and Gestalt Language Processing: Current Findings and Future Directions
While research specifically on the integration of Gestalt principles into AAC interventions is still emerging, existing literature in both fields suggests strong synergies. Future research should explore:
Comparative effectiveness studies: Comparing the outcomes of traditional AAC training with approaches incorporating Gestalt principles.
Qualitative studies: Exploring the lived experiences of individuals using AAC systems designed with Gestalt principles in mind.
Technology integration: Developing technology-based AAC systems that better reflect Gestalt principles of perception and organization.
6. Conclusion
The integration of Gestalt principles into AAC interventions offers a promising new perspective on supporting communication in individuals who rely on AAC. By shifting the focus from discrete skill acquisition to a more holistic understanding of communication, AAC and gestalt language processing can foster more natural, meaningful, and empowering communication experiences. Future research and clinical practice should embrace this holistic approach to enhance the effectiveness and impact of AAC for all who use it.
FAQs
1. What are the limitations of traditional AAC approaches? Traditional AAC often focuses on isolated skills, neglecting the holistic nature of communication and context.
2. How does the Law of Prägnanz apply to AAC system design? It suggests designing simple, intuitive systems that minimize cognitive load for the user.
3. Can Gestalt principles be applied to all AAC users? Yes, the underlying principles can benefit users across various diagnoses and communication needs.
4. How can communication partners be trained to use Gestalt principles? Training should focus on understanding holistic communication, considering context and nonverbal cues.
5. What are the ethical considerations in using Gestalt principles with AAC? Prioritizing the individual's preferences and promoting self-determination are crucial.
6. How can technology be integrated to support Gestalt-based AAC? Apps and software can incorporate design elements reflecting Gestalt principles.
7. What are some examples of Gestalt-informed AAC system design? Using logically grouped symbols, clear visual distinctions, and simplified layouts.
8. What are the challenges in researching the effectiveness of Gestalt-based AAC? Establishing clear metrics and controlling for confounding variables can be difficult.
9. What are the future directions for research in AAC and Gestalt principles? Comparative studies, qualitative research, and technology integration are key areas.
Related Articles
1. "The Impact of Symbol Choice on AAC User Engagement": This article explores the influence of symbol selection based on user preferences and Gestalt principles on communication engagement.
2. "Gestalt Therapy and Communication Disorders: A Review": This review examines the application of Gestalt therapy principles in addressing communication challenges across various disorders.
3. "Designing Intuitive AAC Systems: A User-Centered Approach": This article focuses on user-centered design principles, drawing heavily on Gestalt principles for ease of use and intuitive navigation.
4. "The Role of Nonverbal Communication in AAC Augmentation": This article examines how nonverbal cues interact with AAC to enhance communication, reflecting a Gestalt perspective on holistic communication.
5. "Cognitive Load and AAC System Design: Optimizing Efficiency": This article explores how Gestalt principles can minimize cognitive load to improve AAC system usability.
6. "Contextualized Communication and AAC Effectiveness": This article examines the critical role of context in effective communication, showcasing how a Gestalt approach can improve outcomes.
7. "Case Study: Applying Gestalt Principles to Develop a Personalized AAC System": This case study details the process of developing an individualized AAC system using Gestalt principles.
8. "Training Communication Partners in Gestalt-Informed AAC Support": This article outlines strategies for effectively training communication partners to understand and support Gestalt-based AAC.
9. "Technology-Assisted AAC and Gestalt Principles: A Synergistic Approach": This article discusses the potential of integrating technology with Gestalt principles for optimized AAC interventions.
| aac and gestalt language processing: Trashy Town Andrea Zimmerman, David Clemesha, 1999-02-27 I dump it in I smash it down I drive around the trashy town Meet Mr. Gilly. He cleans up Trashy Town. He does it with a big smile and a big truck--which is sure to make him a hero with all the children in the neighborhood. David Clemesha and Andrea Zimmerman have created a rhythmic, repeatable refrain that will roll off the lips of every child. Dan Yaccarino's dynamic art puts the zip in Mr. Gilly's stride and adds style and charm to trash collection. 2000 Notable Children's Books (ALA) |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Language Disorders in Children and Adults Shula Chiat, James Law, Jane Marshall, 2008-04-30 Each chapter is written by a speech and language therapist specialising in psycholinguistic approaches to investigation and intervention. Authors were invited to present a single case in one of four given areas â?? speech processing, lexical processing, sentence processing and pragmatics. The editors have provided introductions to each subject area and a discussion of the findings at the end of each section. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: The Selective Mutism Resource Manual Maggie Johnson, Alison Wintgens, 2017-07-28 For anyone who needs to understand, assess or manage selective mutism, this is a comprehensive and practical manual that is grounded in behavioural psychology and anxiety management and draws on relevant research findings as well as the authors' extensive clinical experience. Now in its second edition and including new material for adolescents and adults, The Selective Mutism Resource Manual 2e provides: an up-to-date summary of literature and theory to deepen your understanding of selective mutism a wealth of ideas on assessment and management in home, school and community settings so that its relevance extends far beyond clinical practice a huge range of printable online handouts and other resources case studies and personal stories to illustrate symptoms and demonstrate the importance of tailored interventions. This book is essential reading for people who have selective mutism as well as for the clinicians, therapists, educators, caseworkers and families who support them. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: A Therapist’s Guide to Neurodiversity Affirming Practice with Children and Young People Raelene Dundon, 2023-11-21 In this honest and practical guide, autistic therapist Raelene Dundon explores and demystifies how neurodiversity affirming principles can be easily applied to therapeutic practice. Covering essential considerations for working with neurodivergent clients such as presuming competence, promoting autonomy and respecting communication styles, and providing advice on the best affirming approaches in therapy including how to accommodate sensory needs and encourage self-advocacy, Raelene provides easy-to-implement ways to make your practice inclusive and empowering for neurodivergent children and young people. The deficit model is out. It's time to become neurodiversity affirming. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Children with Specific Language Impairment Laurence B. Leonard, 2000 Children with Specific Language Impairment covers all aspects of SLI, including its history, possible genetic and neurobiological origins, and clinical and educational practice. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Pete's a Pizza William Steig, 2018-02-01 Pete is in a bad mood. It's raining and he can't play out. But never fear, Pete's dad has just the idea to cheer Pete up - turn him into a pizza! He kneads the dough, adds oil and tomatoes, and with some tickles and giggles along the way, before long the sun comes out... A picture book classic from the creator of Shrek; a laugh-out-loud celebration of parents everywhere. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Why Johnny Doesn't Flap Clay Morton, Gail Morton, 2015-10-21 Johnny is different. He is never exactly on time, he can't seem to stick to a routine and he often speaks in cryptic idioms. Johnny is neurotypical, but that's ok. A picture book with a difference, Why Johnny Doesn't Flap turns the tables on common depictions of neurological difference by drolly revealing how people who are not on the autistic spectrum are perceived by those who are. The autistic narrator's bafflement at his neurotypical friend's quirks shows that 'normal' is simply a matter of perspective. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: The Units of Language Acquisition Ann M. Peters, 1983-09-30 |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Jump! Scott M. Fischer, 2011-04-19 When a bug sleeping on a jug is chased by a frog, he has to jump to get away. But then that frog (who’s sleeping on a log) is in for a similar surprise! He’s attacked by a cat…who needs to jump away from a dog…and on it goes, until not even a shark is free from getting a little fright! Building on repetition that’s fun to read and fun to listen to, Jump! is a rip-roaring, read-aloud with simple rhymes and lively illustrations that leap off the pages. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: More Than Words Fern Sussman, 2012 The More Than Words guidebook and companion DVD offer a comprehensive, step-by-step learning experience for parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and other social communication difficulties. The illustrated 424-page guidebook outlines practical, research-based strategies that show parents how to turn everyday activities with their child into opportunities for interaction and communication. Each chapter of the guidebook has a corresponding section on the DVD where you'll see real-life examples of parents using the strategies with their children. Video examples include children ranging from 18 months to five years, making it easy for you to see your child on the DVD, and allowing you to quickly verify whether or not you're implementing the strategies correctly.--Publisher. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Speech Sound Disorders Kelly Vess, 2021-05-01 An innovative and invaluable resource for students and professionals to effectively treat children with speech sound disorders Children with speech sound disorders are at higher risk of academic failure, behavioral difficulties, motor impairments, language delays, and literacy deficits. Speech Sound Disorders: Comprehensive Evaluation and Treatment by Kelly Vess provides the necessary tools to use research-based practices when diagnosing and treating preschoolers. Sophisticated yet reader-friendly, this interactive book is certain to revolutionize the methodology therapists use to treat children with these disorders and globally improve outcomes. Through a step-by-step process, readers will learn to critically review and evaluate research in practice. Guidance is provided on how to create educationally rich activities to comprehensively treat children with speech sound disorders. Readers will not only learn how to integrate research into practice, but also how to research their own practices to continually grow as professionals and advance the field. In addition, invaluable insights are provided on how to make efficient use of limited therapy time by targeting executive function, social communication, motor skills, language skills, and literacy skills while treating children with speech sound disorders. Key Highlights Readers actively engage in this robust learning experience by: Participating in interactive activities with 120 video clips of diverse populations of preschoolers that clearly illustrate evidence-based practices. Critically reviewing current research, objectively evaluating research in practice including their own, and creating evidence-based methods to continually improve evaluation and treatment of preschoolers with varied needs. Implementing proven evidence-based strategies to improve outcomes within a variety of contexts for diverse groups of preschoolers. Scaffolding children with complex treatment target selection to promote optimal growth at a time when neuroplasticity is at a high level. This unique resource empowers individuals across academic and professional settings to improve the treatment outcomes for preschoolers with speech sound disorders, develop self-efficacy skills, and instill a lifelong love of learning in children. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Hairy Maclary From Donaldson's Dairy Lynley Dodd, 2012-01-01 Lynley Dodd's iconic first Hairy Maclary book, which introduces the famous Hairy Maclary from Donaldson's Dairy and his canine gang. Out of the gate and off for a walk went Hairy Maclary from Donaldson's Dairy Hairy Maclary's friends join him for a walk until, with a sudden yowl, a wail and a howl, they all run off. What could have caused such a scatter of paws? Read all the Hairy Maclary and Friends books by Lynley Dodd! www.hairymaclary.com |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Dysarthria And Apraxia William Perkins, 1983-01-01 |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Milo the Mouse Five Mile Press Pty Limited, The, 2012 Children's feelings and emotions are strong, but smaller children can feel helpless without the ability to identify or articulate many of these feelings. Use-Your-Words Feeling Books feature storylines that help build emotional language skills, complete with interactive facial expressions to enhance children's understanding of others' emotions. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: My Brother Otto Meg Raby, 2019-03-19 This engaging picture book shows everyday life with little crow siblings when one of them is on the autism spectrum. My Brother Otto is a child-friendly, endearing, and fun picture book for children about the love, acceptance, and understanding a sister, Piper, has for her little brother Otto, who is on the autism spectrum. The book provides explanations for Otto’s differences and quirkiness in an easy-to-understand language, and highlights Otto’s desires for adventure and love—just like his peers. To be more specific, My Brother Otto is a sweet story about a sister and a brother who engage in common, everyday experiences in their own unique way with the idea that kindness and understanding always win! Lexile: 570L Meg Raby holds a Master’s degree in Speech-Language Pathology with a certification in Autism Spectrum Disorders from the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, and has several years of experience working with children ages 2–17 on the autism spectrum. Meg recently started a booming handle on Instagram, called @bedtime.stories.forevermore, promoting literacy and highlighting only the best in children’s books. This is her first book. Elisa Pallmer studied design at Escuela de Diseño del INBA and English Literature at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. Her focus is on illustrations for children, and she lives in Mexico City. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Evidence-Based Practices and Treatments for Children with Autism Brian Reichow, Peter Doehring, Domenic V. Cicchetti, Fred R. Volkmar, 2010-11-25 Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been increasingly diagnosed in recent years and carries with it far reaching social and financial implications. With this in mind, educators, physicians, and parents are searching for the best practices and most effective treatments. But because the symptoms of ASDs span multiple domains (e.g., communication and language, social, behavioral), successfully meeting the needs of a child with autism can be quite challenging. Evidence-Based Practices and Treatments for Children with Autism offers an insightful and balanced perspective on topics ranging from the historical underpinnings of autism treatment to the use of psychopharmacology and the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs). An evaluation methodology is also offered to reduce the risks and inconsistencies associated with the varying definitions of key autism terminology. This commitment to clearly addressing the complex issues associated with ASDs continues throughout the volume and provides opportunities for further research. Additional issues addressed include: Behavioral excesses and deficits treatment Communication treatment Social awareness and social skills treatment Dietary, complementary, and alternative treatments Implementation of EBPs in school settings Interventions for sensory dysfunction With its holistic and accessible approach, Evidence-Based Practices and Treatments for Children with Autism is a vital resource for school psychologists and special education professionals as well as allied mental health professionals, including clinical child and developmental psychologists, psychiatrist, pediatricians, primary care and community providers. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Augmentative and Alternative Communication David R. Beukelman, Pat Mirenda, 2012 The fourth edition of the foundational, widely adopted AAC textbook Augmentative and Alternative Communication is the definitive introduction to AAC processes, interventions, and technologies that help people best meet their daily communication needs. Future teachers, SLPs, OTs, PTs, and other professionals will prepare for their work in the field with critical new information on advancing literacy skills; conducting effective, culturally appropriate assessment and intervention; selecting AAC vocabulary tailored to individual needs; using new consumer technologies as affordable, nonstigmatizing communication devices; promoting social competence supporting language learning and development; providing effective support to beginning communicators; planning inclusive education services for students with complex communication needs; and improving the communication of people with specific developmental disabilities and acquired disabilities. An essential core text for tomorrow's professionals--and a key reference for in-service practitioners--this fourth edition prepares readers to support the communicative competence of children and adults with a wide range of complex needs. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Language Development Walter Loban, 1976 |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Uniquely Human: Updated and Expanded Barry M. Prizant, Tom Fields-Meyer, 2022-04-19 In this newly revised and updated edition, one of the world's leading authorities on autism discusses how instead of curbing autistic behaviors, it's better to enhance abilities, build on strengths and offer supports that will lead to more desirable behavior and a better quality of life. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Building Verbal Imitation in Toddlers Laura Mize, 2012-05-01 Laura Mize, pediatric speech-language pathologist and founder of www.teachmetotalk.com, details the hierarchy of imitation skills she teaches to therapists in seminars throughout the country and in her best-selling therapy manuals and DVDs. Many times therapists and parents don’t see success with late talking toddlers because the child needs an “in-between” step to help him learn the next component for expressive skill development. Our professional plans can also fail when we use techniques that are too clinical for parents to be able to remember and practice at home. This eight level approach is contained in Building Verbal Imitation in Toddlers. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Clinical Workbook for Speech-Language Robert Kraemer, Jacqueline Bryla, 2017-01-05 The Clinical Workbook for Speech-Language Pathology Assistants is a workbook for speech-language pathology assistants (SLPAs) and speech-language pathologists (SLPs), as well as instructors and students, that provides a generous toolbox for students to implement during their fieldwork experience. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Well, That Escalated Quickly Franchesca Ramsey, 2018-05-22 A sharp and timely exploration of race, online activism, and real communication in the age of social media rants, trolls, and call-out wars, from veteran video blogger and star of MTV's Decoded Franchesca Ramsey. Franchesca Ramsey didn't set out to be an activist. Or a comedian. Or a commentator on identity, race, and culture, really. But then her YouTube video What White Girls Say . . . to Black Girls went viral. Twelve million views viral. Faced with an avalanche of media requests, fan letters, and hate mail, she had two choices: Jump in and make her voice heard or step back and let others frame the conversation. After a crash course in social justice and more than a few foot-in-mouth moments, she realized she had a unique talent and passion for breaking down injustice in America in ways that could make people listen and engage. In her first book, Ramsey uses her own experiences as an accidental activist to explore the many ways we communicate with each other--from the highs of bridging gaps and making connections to the many pitfalls that accompany talking about race, power, sexuality, and gender in an unpredictable public space...the internet. Well, that Escalated Quickly includes Ramsey's advice on dealing with internet trolls and low-key racists, confessions about being a former online hater herself, and her personal hits and misses in activist debates with everyone from bigoted Facebook friends and misguided relatives to mainstream celebrities and YouTube influencers. With sharp humor and her trademark candor, Ramsey shows readers we can have tough conversations that move the dialogue forward, rather than backward, if we just approach them in the right way. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Declarative Language Handbook Linda K Murphy, 2020-02-11 Do you know a child with social learning challenges? Do they struggle to see the big picture, be flexible, take the perspective of others, problem solve in real time, and/or read nonverbal communication? Do they have trouble connecting with others by sharing meaningful memories or making plans for the near and distant future? Is it hard for them to express their emotions calmly using language - often getting upset instead? These skills are needed in every interaction and social opportunity that we have in life, but for a child with social learning challenges, they can seem out of reach. Wouldn't it be great if there was a way that you could support growth in these areas for someone you care about? A method that was woven into everyday interactions and social opportunities? That is what this book is about. It's to help you, the person who cares deeply about someone with social learning challenges, use everyday incidental moments to teach and guide your child's social learning. You might be a therapist or a teacher, or you might be a parent, grandparent, or babysitter. This book was written to help you feel equipped to make a difference, simply by being mindful of your own communication and speaking style. What you say, and how you say it, matters! |
| aac and gestalt language processing: My Pillow Keeps Moving Laura Gehl, 2018-01-16 A lonely man tries to buy a pillow . . . and ends up with a new best friend in this silly and sweet doggy tale, perfect for fans of Officer Buckle and Gloria. Dogs make good pillows, don't they? A clever pup ends up in a cozy home, and she'll do anything to stay there. She impersonates everything the lonely homeowner needs--a pillow, a footstool, a jacket. But in the end, being herself works best. Laura Gehl's spare, humorous text and New Yorker cartoonist Christopher Weyant's expressive characters will leave young readers giggling and begging for more. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: The Learning to Learn Program Cari Ebert, 2020-12 To develop, learn, and have meaningful relationships with other people, toddlers with autism need a core set of foundation skills on which to build. The Learning to Learn Program is designed for early intervention providers to use with families and caregivers. It includes assessment checklists, suggested goals and outcomes, along with specific intervention strategies for facilitating development of five core foundation skills including 1) nonverbal imitation, 2) joint attention, 3) sensory processing and self-regulation, 4) purposeful play, and 5) early language development. Young children with autism and other neurodevelopmental delays often struggle with acquisition of the these critical skills. When these foundation skills are absent or inconsistently displayed, it is difficult for struggling learners to make functional gains. This program offers a roadmap for helping young children with autism build foundation skills through playful interactions with parents and caregivers. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Out With It Katherine Preston, 2014-03-04 A fresh, engaging account of a young woman's journey, first to find a cure for a lifelong struggle with stuttering, and ultimately to embrace the voice that has defined her character. It offers a fresh perspective on the obsession with physical perfection. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Tele-AAC Nerissa Hall, Jenifer Juengling-Sudkamp, Michelle L. Gutmann, Ellen R. Cohn, 2019-06-28 Tele-AAC: Augmentative and Alternative Communication Through Telepractice is the first comprehensive resource guide to Tele-AAC. Tele-AAC is the use of telepractice specifically for providing services to individuals using augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). This text establishes Tele-AAC as a new service delivery model and promotes safe, efficacious, evidence-based, and ethical telepractice for individuals who need AAC systems. The goal is to provide readers with fundamental information about policy and service delivery of AAC services via telepractice to enable clinical practice. The text details the specific technical components unique to Tele-AAC service delivery, and how the technology, personnel, and service delivery practices may vary across settings and populations. It offers didactic and case-based content for speech-language pathologists across all levels, from introductory to advanced. Chapters are included that clarify and define the term Tele-AAC, highlight the procedures used while providing assessment and intervention via Tele-AAC, identify ethical and cultural considerations while providing Tele-AAC, and demonstrate its application in a variety of settings. The content has been enriched by the input and knowledge offered by leaders from both telepractice and AAC disciplines, and offers readers the right combination of foundational information and principles to help form a base of understanding for practitioners engaging in Tele-AAC. The field of Tele-AAC is evolving and will transform as the technology changes and advances. This text provides a threshold of understanding from which the field and practitioners can grow. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: The Scarecrow's Hat Ken Brown, 2011-02-01 In this classroom favorite, a resourceful chicken enlists her farm friends to get a coveted hat from Scarecrow. A delightful circular tale and fall read-aloud! Chicken really admires Scarecrow's straw hat. Scarecrow would gladly trade his hat for a walking stick to rest his tired arms. Chicken doesn't have a walking stick to trade—but she knows someone who does. Author-illustrator Ken Brown pairs vivid, realistic watercolors with an inventive plot, engaging sequencing, and repetition to tell a charming circular story packed with relatable themes of friendship, bartering, and problem-solving. This award-winning title is an ideal story time choice for autumn and harvest themes. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Essentials of Assessing, Preventing, and Overcoming Reading Difficulties David A. Kilpatrick, 2015-09-08 Practical, effective, evidence-based reading interventions that change students' lives Essentials of Understanding and Assessing Reading Difficulties is a practical, accessible, in-depth guide to reading assessment and intervention. It provides a detailed discussion of the nature and causes of reading difficulties, which will help develop the knowledge and confidence needed to accurately assess why a student is struggling. Readers will learn a framework for organizing testing results from current assessment batteries such as the WJ-IV, KTEA-3, and CTOPP-2. Case studies illustrate each of the concepts covered. A thorough discussion is provided on the assessment of phonics skills, phonological awareness, word recognition, reading fluency, and reading comprehension. Formatted for easy reading as well as quick reference, the text includes bullet points, icons, callout boxes, and other design elements to call attention to important information. Although a substantial amount of research has shown that most reading difficulties can be prevented or corrected, standard reading remediation efforts have proven largely ineffective. School psychologists are routinely called upon to evaluate students with reading difficulties and to make recommendations to address such difficulties. This book provides an overview of the best assessment and intervention techniques, backed by the most current research findings. Bridge the gap between research and practice Accurately assess the reason(s) why a student struggles in reading Improve reading skills using the most highly effective evidence-based techniques Reading may well be the most important thing students are taught during their school careers. It is a skill they will use every day of their lives; one that will dictate, in part, later life success. Struggling students need help now, and Essentials of Understanding and Assessing Reading Difficulties shows how to get these students on track. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Developing and Using a Communication Book Claire Latham, 2004-01-01 |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Mindful Kids Whitney Stewart, 2017 Make any moment mindful from morning to night with 5 categories of cards, designed to fit into each part of the day. Whimsical full-color illustrations on both sides of the cards provide easy-to-follow steps for each practice. The cards and 8-page instructional booklet include tips for children of a wide range of abilities--Publisher's website |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Teach Me to Talk , 2011-05-01 |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Speech-Language Pathology Casebook Ryan C. Branski, Sonja M. Molfenter, 2020-02-29 Exceptionally insightful speech-language pathology textbook highlights individual cases to augment learning! Speech-Language Pathology Casebook by Ryan Branski, Sonja Molfenter, and an impressive array of contributors presents a diverse spectrum of cases covering communication, voice, and swallowing disorders in children and adults. Readers are provided with rich and varied narratives underscoring the fact that clinical intervention of speech-language disorders is an art form based on science. Evidence-based assessments and treatments cover a variety of settings including medical inpatient, outpatient, and skilled nursing facility; home health; school; community-based; and private practice. Eighty cases following a standardized format encompass a wide range of congenital and acquired disorders spanning the age continuum. Each case includes a clinical history and description, evaluations/testing, diagnosis, treatment, outcomes, questions and answers, suggested readings, and references. With invaluable firsthand insights from practitioners, this unique resource enhances the ability to develop effective, patient-informed interventions. Key Highlights Discussion of problems frequently omitted from typical curricula, but increasingly relevant to contemporary clinical practice, ranging from telepractice to transgender voice modification Speech-related issues in children associated with cleft palate, autism spectrum disorder, stuttering, bilingual language delays, severe intellectual disability, congenital porencephaly, FASD, apraxia, and many others Medical conditions in adults that impact speech-language, such as traumatic brain injury, ALS, right hemisphere disorder, stroke, autoimmune encephalopathy, dementia, Parkinson's disease, autism, and more Videos, audio, bulleted key points, and handy comparative charts provide additional pearls The detailed case narratives enable speech-language students to connect and apply theory and knowledge acquired in the classroom to real-life clinical practice. Instructors and speech-language pathologists will also benefit from this excellent teaching and clinical reference. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Beautiful Oops! Barney Saltzberg, 2010-09-23 A life lesson that all parents want their children to learn: It’s OK to make a mistake. In fact, hooray for mistakes! A mistake is an adventure in creativity, a portal of discovery. A spill doesn’t ruin a drawing—not when it becomes the shape of a goofy animal. And an accidental tear in your paper? Don’t be upset about it when you can turn it into the roaring mouth of an alligator. An award winning, best-selling, one-of-a-kind interactive book, Beautiful Oops! shows young readers how every mistake is an opportunity to make something beautiful. A singular work of imagination, creativity, and paper engineering, Beautiful Oops! is filled with pop-ups, lift-the-flaps, tears, holes, overlays, bends, smudges, and even an accordion “telescope”—each demonstrating the magical transformation from blunder to wonder. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: The Mitten Jessica Southwick, 2014-10-10 A group of forest creatures discover a boy's lost mitten in this retelling of a classic Ukrainian folktale. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Productive Thinking Max Wertheimer, 1966 |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Colourful Wayuu Bags to Crochet Rianne de Graaf, 2019-04-09 Follow the Colombian and Venezuelan Wayuu people's stunning geometric patterns and shapes to make ten stunning bags! Colourful, functional and fun - these striking crocheted Wayuu mochila bags have the best combination of features! Using the technique of tapestry crochet, there are ten stunning bags to make, all in excitingly bold colourways and designs, with the characteristic woven shoulder straps and drawstring cords. Some of the bags are also embellished with pompoms and tassels. Using the traditional geometric patterns and shapes of the Colombian and Venezuelan Wayuu people, each bag is unique and you can make them in your own choice of colours. There is a comprehensive techniques section at the beginning of the book to help you get to grips with tapestry crochet, and a section at the end showing you how to make the beautifully woven straps and also the drawstrings, using the Kumihimo technique. The woven straps could also easily be made on their own as trendy belts for trousers and skirts. Using very simple stitches, with easy-to-follow patterns and widely available 100% cotton yarns, these bags are too beautiful to resist - so pick up your yarn and hook and get started! |
| aac and gestalt language processing: The SCERTS Model Barry M. Prizant, 2006 A two-volume assessment and intervention system, The SCERTS(TM) Model provides a framework for assessing and improving communication and social-emotional abilities in preschool and primary school students with autism spectrum disorders and their |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Hoot and Peep Lita Judge, 2016-03-01 In the night skies above Paris, an adorable young owl teaches her older brother about the power of imagination—and the unconditional love between siblings Hoot the owl is very excited for his little sister, Peep, to join him on the cathedral rooftops. She's finally old enough to learn all his big brother owly wisdom: First, owls say hooo. Second, they always say hooo. Lastly, they ONLY say hooo! But why would Peep say hooo when she could say schweeepty peep or dingity dong? Why would she speak when she could sing? As she explores the breathtaking Parisian cityscape, Peep discovers so many inspiring sights and sounds—the ring of cathedral bells, the slap of waves on stone—that she can’t help but be swept up in the magic of it all. Hoot doesn’t understand Peep’s awe, until he takes a pause to listen . . . and realizes that you're never too old to learn a little something new. From the beloved author/illustrator of the classic picture book Red Sled, this gorgeous read aloud celebrates the wonder found in little things—and in the hearts of dreamers, young and old. |
| aac and gestalt language processing: Assessing Language Production Using Salt Software Jon F. Miller, Karen Andriacchi, 2020-01-03 ASSESSING LANGUAGE PRODUCTION USING SALT SOFTWARE: A Clinician's Guide to Language Sample Analysis - 3rd Edition |
SBC AAC有什么区别？ - 知乎
AAC是杜比实验室为音乐社区提供的技术，是一种高压缩比的编码算法。实际体验上都认为同样的码率下面，AAC的听感比MP3好，Apple上面AAC的音频很多。所以现在的iPhone的音频传输 …
既然 AAC 要比 MP3 好，且体积差不多，为什么网上不流行 AAC
2、aac呢？强有力的支持aac的，目前最多可以认为是苹果公司，itune基本上能采用aac的都用了aac，但是他们同样也支持mp3.而其他的aac发明团队成员，包括sony等都在市场上说话分量 …
AAC 格式和 M4A 格式是什么？各自的优缺点有哪些？ - 知乎
现在的 aac-lc 就是以前制定的 mpeg-2 时代的 aac 的更名延续，而 mpeg-4 时代的 aac 叫 aac-he. aac-lc 可以用 aac (adts) 作容器也可以用 mp4 做容器，两者可以用 mp4box 的一个命令直接转 …
普通人耳能分辨出蓝牙协议SBC和AAC的区别吗？ - 知乎
aac有着不错的音质表现。一般来说，同样的码率下，aac的听感会好于mp3。apple上面acc的音频很多，所以苹果设备基本都采用这个编码格式。 当蓝牙支持aac格式的文件，手机也支持aac …
LDAC和AAC听上去的差别大不大？ - 知乎
Feb 7, 2020 · 是因为aac删掉了注意不到的细节，把腾出的码率 放到主体上。 这里的细节不是单指高频，而是覆盖整个频段。删掉细节也不绝对是坏的。 aac听起来可能会比较"优美"。 如果你 …
既然 AAC 要比 MP3 好，且体积差不多，为什么网上不流行 AAC
AAC (Advanced Audio Coding): AAC 是 MPEG-2 标准中的一种音频压缩格式，它在相同比特率下提供比 MP3 更好的音质。 这意味着，使用 AAC 格式，可以在更小的文件体积下获得与 MP3 …
AAC-LC 是什么格式？和 AAC 有什么区别？ - 知乎
aac的版权和专利许可仅针对商业目的aac编解码器的厂商和开发者，所以ffmpeg和faac等包含aac编解码器软件以开源的形式发布。 aac的版权许可为5年一期，期满重新评估后可以继续5 …
iPhone 蓝牙连接耳机，音乐怎么开启AAC提高音质? - 知乎
iPhone无法手动开启，而且并非耳机支持aac，iphone就会使用 aac协议 ，只有当iphone的aac数据库中这个耳机的蓝牙芯片识别码时才会启用aac协议，其他时候都是sbc，而且苹果自家的 …
AAC音频解码器的选择，MFT、FDKAAC、FFMPEG？ - 知乎
May 10, 2023 · 当然，如果是编码，不同编码器相差得可就多了，目前质量最高的是FDK-AAC，可以在使用FFmpeg的时候，手动调用它的第三方编码库。 发布于 2023-05-11 00:14 赞同 2 添 …
为什么 iPhone音频只能支持aac 买个其他家蓝牙耳机（索尼）还 …
可能苹果认为aac已经够用，其他都不够好用。 "AAC主要会根据 心理声学模型 来修改/优化你听到的声音" 听起来不会比320Kb .MP3差 高通拿aptX变着法子收专利费，苹果是不可能交的，这 …
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