Acromial Definition In Anatomy

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Acromial Definition in Anatomy: A Comprehensive Guide



Author: Dr. Eleanor Vance, PhD, DPT – A Doctor of Physical Therapy with over 15 years of experience specializing in musculoskeletal anatomy and biomechanics. Dr. Vance is a published author and frequently lectures on topics related to human anatomy and movement.

Keywords: acromial definition in anatomy, acromion process, acromioclavicular joint, shoulder anatomy, musculoskeletal anatomy, acromial region, acromial process anatomy, acromial pain, acromial fracture.


Publisher: Anatomical Sciences Press – A reputable publisher specializing in high-quality anatomical textbooks and resources for medical professionals and students. Anatomical Sciences Press is known for its rigorous peer-review process and commitment to accuracy.

Editor: Dr. Marcus Riley, MD – A board-certified orthopedic surgeon with extensive experience in shoulder surgery and trauma. Dr. Riley has published numerous articles in peer-reviewed journals on shoulder anatomy and pathology.


Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive overview of the acromial definition in anatomy. It explores the anatomical structure of the acromion process, its articulation with other bones, its role in shoulder mechanics, and its clinical significance in various pathologies and injuries. The article also examines the acromioclavicular joint, its stability mechanisms, and common injuries affecting this vital structure. Finally, it delves into the clinical relevance of understanding the acromial definition in anatomy for diagnosis and treatment of shoulder conditions.


1. What is the Acromial Definition in Anatomy?



The acromial definition in anatomy centers on the acromion process, a bony projection that forms the highest point of the shoulder. It's the lateral end of the scapula (shoulder blade) and plays a crucial role in the structural integrity and function of the shoulder complex. Understanding the acromial definition in anatomy is fundamental to comprehending the mechanics and potential pathologies of the shoulder. The acromion is easily palpable just under the skin at the lateral aspect of the shoulder, forming the peak of the shoulder. This makes it a key landmark in physical examination.


2. Anatomical Structure of the Acromion Process



The acromion process is a large, somewhat flattened, triangular projection that extends laterally from the spine of the scapula. Its shape and size can vary between individuals. The acromion’s anterior surface is relatively smooth and contributes to the formation of the acromioclavicular joint. The posterior surface is more irregular, with varying degrees of roughness depending on the individual's muscle attachments.

The acromion articulates with the clavicle (collarbone) at the acromioclavicular (AC) joint, a synovial joint crucial for shoulder movement and stability. The acromion's structure is also important because it provides attachment sites for several significant muscles, including the deltoid and trapezius. These muscles are essential for shoulder abduction, flexion, extension, and rotation. A thorough understanding of the acromial definition in anatomy, therefore, necessitates knowledge of these muscular attachments and their functional roles.


3. The Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint: A Key Component of the Acromial Definition in Anatomy



The acromioclavicular joint, formed by the articulation of the acromion process of the scapula and the distal clavicle, is a critical part of the overall acromial definition in anatomy. This joint allows for a limited range of motion, primarily gliding and rotation, which contributes to the overall movement capabilities of the shoulder. The AC joint is stabilized by several ligaments: the acromioclavicular ligament, the coracoclavicular ligament (consisting of the conoid and trapezoid ligaments), and the coracoacromial ligament. These ligaments prevent excessive movement and maintain the structural integrity of the joint.


4. Clinical Significance of the Acromion Process



The acromion's anatomical features and its role in the shoulder's biomechanics make it clinically significant. Understanding the acromial definition in anatomy is crucial in diagnosing and treating various shoulder conditions. Injuries to the acromion, specifically fractures and acromioclavicular joint separations, are common in sports and traumatic events. The acromion's relationship to the subacromial space, which houses the rotator cuff tendons and the subacromial bursa, is also crucial. Impingement syndrome, a common cause of shoulder pain, often involves narrowing of this space, sometimes due to acromial morphology variations.


5. Acromial Morphology and Impingement Syndrome



The shape of the acromion can vary considerably between individuals. Variations in acromial morphology are categorized as flat, curved, and hooked. A hooked acromion can contribute to subacromial impingement by reducing the space available for the rotator cuff tendons, leading to pain, inflammation, and potential rotator cuff tears. This highlights the importance of considering the acromial definition in anatomy, specifically its morphological variations, in the assessment and management of shoulder impingement.


6. Imaging Techniques and the Acromion



Various imaging techniques, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI, are used to assess the acromion and the AC joint. X-rays are commonly used to detect fractures and dislocations of the AC joint. CT scans provide detailed images of bone structures, revealing subtle fractures or bony abnormalities. MRI is particularly useful for evaluating soft tissues, such as the rotator cuff tendons and the subacromial bursa, and assessing the extent of any related injuries. The detailed anatomical knowledge provided by the acromial definition in anatomy guides the interpretation of these imaging studies.


7. Treatment Strategies Related to the Acromion and AC Joint



Treatment strategies for injuries to the acromion and AC joint vary depending on the severity of the injury. Conservative treatment options for minor injuries include rest, ice, medication for pain and inflammation, and physical therapy. Severe injuries, such as displaced AC joint separations or significant acromial fractures, may require surgical intervention. The acromial definition in anatomy informs the surgical approach, ensuring accurate repair and restoration of joint stability and function.


8. Acromial Pain: A Common Clinical Presentation



Acromial pain is a common symptom associated with various shoulder conditions. The pain may be localized to the acromion itself or may radiate to other areas of the shoulder. The exact cause of acromial pain needs to be determined through a thorough clinical examination and appropriate imaging studies. Understanding the acromial definition in anatomy is crucial for accurately identifying the source of the pain and developing an effective treatment plan. Pain might stem from AC joint arthritis, rotator cuff tendinopathy, bursitis, or even referred pain from other sources.


9. Conclusion: The Importance of the Acromial Definition in Anatomy



A comprehensive understanding of the acromial definition in anatomy, encompassing its structure, function, and clinical relevance, is paramount for healthcare professionals. This knowledge is essential for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment planning, and optimal management of shoulder pathologies. The acromion's complex interplay with surrounding structures makes it a focal point in shoulder biomechanics and a frequent site of injury. This thorough exploration of the acromial definition in anatomy underscores its importance in clinical practice.


FAQs



1. What is the difference between the acromion and the coracoid process? The acromion is the lateral projection of the scapula, forming the highest point of the shoulder, whereas the coracoid process is a smaller, hook-like projection located more medially and inferiorly on the scapula.

2. What ligaments stabilize the acromioclavicular joint? The acromioclavicular ligament, the coracoclavicular ligament (conoid and trapezoid ligaments), and the coracoacromial ligament stabilize the AC joint.

3. What are the common causes of acromioclavicular joint separation? Direct trauma to the shoulder, such as a fall or collision, is the most common cause of AC joint separation.

4. How is an acromial fracture diagnosed? Acromial fractures are typically diagnosed using X-rays, which provide clear visualization of the bone structure.

5. What are the treatment options for acromioclavicular joint sprains? Treatment options range from conservative measures (rest, ice, pain medication, physical therapy) to surgical repair, depending on the severity of the injury.

6. Can acromial pain be caused by referred pain? Yes, acromial pain can be caused by referred pain from other sources, such as the neck or cervical spine.

7. What is subacromial impingement syndrome? Subacromial impingement syndrome is a condition characterized by compression of the rotator cuff tendons and subacromial bursa under the acromion process.

8. What role does the deltoid muscle play in relation to the acromion? The deltoid muscle originates from the clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula, and its actions include shoulder abduction, flexion, and extension.

9. What imaging modality is best for assessing rotator cuff tears in relation to the acromion? MRI is typically the best imaging modality for assessing rotator cuff tears, as it provides high-resolution images of soft tissues.


Related Articles:



1. The Anatomy of the Shoulder Complex: A detailed exploration of all the bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons that comprise the shoulder complex, including a comprehensive discussion of the acromion's role.

2. Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries: Diagnosis and Management: A focused article detailing the different types of AC joint injuries, their diagnosis through physical examination and imaging, and the various treatment options.

3. Subacromial Impingement Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Treatment: An in-depth analysis of the causes, mechanisms, and treatment strategies for subacromial impingement, with a specific emphasis on the acromion's involvement.

4. Rotator Cuff Tears: A Comprehensive Review: This article explores the various types of rotator cuff tears, their relationship to the subacromial space and acromial morphology, and the available treatment approaches.

5. Shoulder Pain: Differential Diagnosis and Management: A broad overview of various conditions that can cause shoulder pain, including those directly related to the acromion and AC joint.

6. Physical Therapy for Shoulder Injuries: An article focused on the role of physical therapy in the rehabilitation of shoulder injuries, emphasizing exercises and techniques to improve range of motion, strength, and stability, often specifically addressing the acromion and surrounding structures.

7. Surgical Techniques for Acromioclavicular Joint Reconstruction: A detailed review of the various surgical approaches used to repair injuries of the AC joint, discussing the benefits and limitations of each technique.

8. Imaging Modalities in Shoulder Pathology: A comparison of different imaging techniques (X-ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound) and their utility in diagnosing various shoulder conditions, with examples of how these techniques are used to assess acromial and AC joint pathology.

9. The Biomechanics of the Shoulder Joint: A deep dive into the mechanics of shoulder movement, highlighting the acromion's role in glenohumeral joint stability and its relationship to the scapulohumeral rhythm.


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  acromial definition in anatomy: Rotator Cuff Disorders Nicola Maffulli, John P Furia, 2012-04-11 Highlights latest best practice in the management of rotator cuff and associated pathologies and includes comprehensive basic science and clinical chapters authored by some of the world's most experienced and expert shoulder surgeons.
  acromial definition in anatomy: Surgical Anatomy and Technique John E. Skandalakis, Panajiotis N. Skandalakis, Lee J. Skandalakis, 2012-12-06 A good knowledge of anatomy helps surgeons avoid anatomical complications, while masterful technique allows them to proceed rapidly and securely in the operating room. Unlike other pocket-sized surgical texts on the market, Surgical Anatomy and Technique manual provides step-by-step techniques of a wide range of general surgery procedures and reviews the anatomical entities involved in each operation. The book's scope spans the entire body: skin and scalp, neck, breast, abdominal wall and herniae, diaphragm, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, small intestines, appendix, colon and anorectum, liver, extrahepatic biliary tract, spleen, adrenal glands, carpal tunnel, and varicosities of the lower extremity. A chapter on laparoscopic surgery is also included. Clear, concise, and generously illustrated, this is a superb quick reference to refresh the memory of the surgical resident before entering the operating room.
  acromial definition in anatomy: Medical Terminology and Anatomy for ICD-10 Coding - E-Book Betsy J. Shiland, 2013-12-27 Whether you're new to medical coding or transitioning from ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM/PCS, Medical Terminology and Anatomy for ICD-10 Coding helps you prepare to code accurately and effectively using the ICD-10-CM/PCS code set with a complete understanding of relevant medical terminology and anatomy. Coding certified (CCS, CPC) and approved AHIMA ICD-10-CM/PCS Academy Trainer Betsy Shiland makes unfamiliar medical language more approachable, and carefully sequenced medical terminology lessons help you understand the vastly increased anatomy necessary for accurate coding, including the locations of hundreds of arteries, muscles, nerves, and other anatomy. This unique resource also includes engaging in-book exercises and interactive online resources, giving you the review and practice you need to reinforce your comprehension and confidently prepare for the coding workforce. Terminology coverage specific to ICD-10-CM/PCS familiarizes you with the terms and definitions you'll encounter most frequently in coding practice. Anatomy and physiology content helps you accurately interpret medical reports to code effectively in ICD-10-CM/PCS. Pathology terms are organized by disease and disorder classification so you can practice locating information just as you will when coding with ICD-10-CM. ICD codes provided for pathology terms and signs/symptoms help you associate diagnoses with related codes. In-book exercises test your understanding as you learn. Pathology and procedure terminology tables challenge you to decode terms by word origins and definitions. Root operation information is incorporated into procedure tables to familiarize you with the associated common suffixes. Electronic medical record format familiarizes you with documentation commonly used in healthcare settings. Guideline Alert! boxes link terminology to relevant ICD-10-CM/PCS information at a glance. Be Careful! boxes alert you to similar and potentially confusing word parts and terms. Interactive learning games and activities on a companion Evolve website reinforce your comprehension and make learning medical terminology more engaging.
  acromial definition in anatomy: Shoulder Arthroscopy Benjamin Shaffer, 2003-07-31 Few areas in orthopaedics have witnessed the type of exponential growth that has characterized the current field of arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Certainly a debt of gratitude is owed the early pioneers (both open and arthroscopic), whose pas sion and skill fostered today's phenomenon. Rapid advances in imaging, electronic communication, instrumentation, and implant technology, have suddenly per mitted arthroscopic access to problems once exclusively the province of the open surgeon. Pioneering work by Lanny Johnson, Dick Caspari, Harv Ellman (and oth ers) further facilitated the application of these emerging technologies into a prac tical and useful new skill set. Today, with few exceptions, most shoulders re quiring surgical intervention can be thoroughly assessed, and in many cases, definitively treated arthroscopically. Yet, and perhaps a consequence of the rather rapid evolution of these tech niques, few single-source references are available for either the would be shoul der arthroscopist or the experienced clinician looking to hone his/her arthroscopic skills about the shoulder. The purpose of this text is to address this deficiency and provide the orthopaedic and arthroscopic community with a single definitive how to technical reference on operative shoulder arthroscopy. In keeping with this initiative, our goal was to assemble a group of authors who themselves were responsible for developing the techniques described, learning firsthand how they do it. We are indebted to these contributors for their time and effort, and be lieve they have provided a wealth of valuable information that will enhance our technical understanding.
  acromial definition in anatomy: Rotator Cuff Across the Life Span Andreas B. Imhoff, Felix H. Savoie III, 2019-04-27 This book presents the consensus findings of the ISAKOS Shoulder Committee regarding the treatment options in patients suffering from shoulder pain and reduced function or dead arm syndrome as a consequence of rotator cuff injuries. The aim is twofold: to equip readers with a precise knowledge of the presenting characteristics of these injuries in different age groups and to describe in detail the initial management and surgical and non-surgical approaches, taking into account the age-specific features. Readers will find clear descriptions of all the latest arthroscopic techniques, which allow repair of even the largest tears. The indications for and performance of tendon transfer procedures, biceps tenotomy, tenodesis, hemiarthroplasty, anatomic shoulder arthroplasty, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, and revision surgery are explained. Helpful guidance is also provided on the use of strategies to promote rotator cuff healing, including stem cell therapy and scaffolds. The authors are leading experts in the field, and the book will be of value for all shoulder surgeons and orthopaedic trainees and consultants, as well as sports medicine specialists.
  acromial definition in anatomy: Examination Questions and Answers in Basic Anatomy and Physiology Martin Caon, 2020-08-03 This third edition provides 2900 multiple choice questions on human anatomy and physiology, and some biophysical science, separated into 20 chapters and 68 categories. In addition, there are 64 essay topics. The answer to each question is accompanied by an explanation. Each chapter has an introduction to set the scene for the questions to come. However, not all possible information is provided within these Introductions, so an Anatomy and Physiology textbook is an indispensable aid to understanding the answers. The textbook offers a more holistic approach to the subjects of anatomy and physiology by also including biomechanics, biophysics and biochemistry. The questions have been used in end-of-semester examinations for undergraduate anatomy and physiology courses, and as such, reflect the focus of these particular courses and are pitched at this level to challenge students that are beginning their training in anatomy and physiology. The question and answer combinations are intended for use by teachers, to select questions for their next examinations, and by students, when studying for an upcoming test. Students enrolled in the courses for which these questions were written include nursing, midwifery, paramedic, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, nutrition and dietetics, health sciences, exercise science, and students taking an anatomy and physiology course as an elective.
  acromial definition in anatomy: Applied Radiological Anatomy Paul Butler, Adam Mitchell, Jeremiah C. Healy, 2012-07-05 This expanded new, full colour edition of the classic Applied Radiological Anatomy is an exhaustive yet practical imaging resource of every organ system using all diagnostic modalities. Every illustration has been replaced, providing the most accurate and up-to-date radiographic scans available. Features of the second edition: • Completely new radiographic images throughout, giving the best possible anatomic examples currently available • Both normal anatomy and normal variants shown • Numerous colour line illustrations of key anatomy to aid interpretation of scans • Concise text and numerous bullet-lists enhance the images and enable quick assimilation of key anatomic features • Every imaging modality included Edited and written by a team of radiologists with a wealth of diagnostic experience and teaching expertise, and lavishly illustrated with over 1,000 completely new, state-of-the-art images, Applied Radiological Anatomy, second edition, is an essential purchase for radiologists at any stage of their career.
  acromial definition in anatomy: Feline Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Disease P. M. Montavon, Katja Voss, Sorrel J Langley-Hobbs, 2009-07-14 This eBook provides access to the complete book content electronically. Pageburst (formerly Evolve eBooks) allows you to quickly search the entire book, make notes, add highlights, and study more efficiently. Buying other Pageburst titles makes your learning experience even better: all of the eBooks will work together on your electronic bookshelf, so that you can search across your entire library of eBooks. Feline Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Disease is the first book dedicated specifically to treating cats with disorders in this specific area. The practice of feline orthopedic surgery and traumatology has developed to a great extent over the last ten years as cat ownership is increasing and this textbook discusses new veterinary diagnostic procedures and surgical techniques that have been developed that veterinarians, residents and students working in the field of internal medicine need to know about. - Covers the basics of feline anesthesia, analgesia, preoperative and postoperative care of the patient, orthopedic instrumentation and implants - Contains detailed sections on investigation and diagnosis of feline orthopedic diseases and injuries, with specific chapters on diseases of the footpads and nails, tumors of the musculoskeletal system, and polytrauma - Surgical techniques of feline orthopedic diseases and injuries are explained step-by-step with many schematic illustrations - Presents both classical treatments using cost-effective implants and new osteosynthesis techniques using modern implants - Over 20 new and original surgical methods are included
  acromial definition in anatomy: Anatomy of the Rat Eunice C. Greene, 1959
  acromial definition in anatomy: Human Gross Anatomy Robert J. Leonard, 1995 Designed as a companion text for an atlas, this accessible and affordable work presents gross anatomy in an expanded outline format. Its conciseness and logical organization permit easy previewing of the subject matter before a lecture or laboratory as well as efficient learning and reviewing of the material before an examination. Although the text is succinct, its coverage of gross anatomy is comprehensive and written at a level of detail appropriate for the medical student. The book begins with an introduction establishing basic principles and terminology that will serve the student throughout the remainder of the text. Overviews of the nervous, muscular, skeletal, and vascular systems are also included in this introduction. The main body of the text is organized in the following sequence: The Back, The Thorax, The Abdomen, The Perineum and Pelvis, The Head and Neck, The Upper Limb, and The Lower Limb. Clinical notes that highlight anatomy relevant to current medical practice appear throughout these chapters. Since each regional anatomy chapter is complete in itself, the order in which they are studied is optional.
  acromial definition in anatomy: Core Anatomy - Illustrated Ian Parkin, Bari Logan, Mark McCarthy, 2007-06-29 Core Anatomy - Illustrated' is a concise new atlas of human anatomy for medical and allied healthcare undergraduates, postgraduate trainees, and teaching staff. It presents the key anatomical knowledge necessary for clinical practice, at a level that is compatible with current core curricula, whether traditional or systems-based. Presenting beautif
  acromial definition in anatomy: Atlas of Imaging Anatomy Lucio Olivetti, 2014-12-19 This book is designed to meet the needs of radiologists and radiographers by clearly depicting the anatomy that is generally visible on imaging studies. It presents the normal appearances on the most frequently used imaging techniques, including conventional radiology, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Similarly, all relevant body regions are covered: brain, spine, head and neck, chest, mediastinum and heart, abdomen, gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, urinary tract, and musculoskeletal system. The text accompanying the images describes the normal anatomy in a straightforward way and provides the medical information required in order to understand why we see what we see on diagnostic images. Helpful correlative anatomic illustrations in color have been created by a team of medical illustrators to further facilitate understanding.
Acromion - Wikipedia
In human anatomy, the acromion (from Greek: akros, "highest", ōmos, "shoulder", pl.: acromia) or summit of the shoulder is a bony process on the scapula (shoulder blade). Together with the …

Acromion Pain: Signs, Causes and Treatment - PhysioMantra
“Acromion pain” typically refers to discomfort or pain in the area of the shoulder known as the acromion. The acromion is a bony process that extends from the scapula (shoulder blade) and …

ACROMIAL Definition & Meaning | Merriam-Webster Medical
Jun 8, 2025 · The meaning of ACROMIAL is of, relating to, or situated near the acromion. How to use acromial in a sentence.

Acromion Pain - Columbus, Ohio - OrthoNeuro
Several conditions and injuries can lead to AC joint pain, often called acromion pain. Below are some of the most common causes: Trauma, such as falling onto your shoulder or an outstretched arm, …

Acromion - Location, Structure, Function, Clinical significance
Dec 18, 2022 · The acromion is a bony projection that extends laterally from the scapula (shoulder blade). It is a key anatomic structure in the shoulder joint, as it forms the top portion of the …

ACROMIAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
ACROMIAL definition: 1. relating to the acromion (= the outer end of the shoulder blade that forms the highest part of…. Learn more.

Acromial - definition of acromial by The Free Dictionary
Define acromial. acromial synonyms, acromial pronunciation, acromial translation, English dictionary definition of acromial. n. pl. a·cro·mi·a The outer end of the scapula to which the collarbone is …

Acromion of scapula, acromion types and acromion fracture
Acromion is an anterolateral oblong projection of the spine of scapula (shoulder blade) that runs laterally then anteriorly above the supraspinous fossa and is the summit of the shoulder on …

Acromion | definition of acromion by Medical dictionary
the lateral extension of the spine of the scapula, forming the highest point of the shoulder. adj., adj acro´mial. Posterior (dorsal) surface of the scapula, showing the acromion. From Dorland's, …

Acromion | Radiology Reference Article - Radiopaedia.org
Dec 16, 2022 · The acromion (plural: acromia), also known as the acromial process, is a small projection of the scapula that extends anteriorly from the spine of the scapula. It forms the …

Acromion - Wikipedia
In human anatomy, the acromion (from Greek: akros, "highest", ōmos, "shoulder", pl.: acromia) or summit of the shoulder is a bony process on the scapula (shoulder blade). Together with the …

Acromion Pain: Signs, Causes and Treatment - PhysioMantra
“Acromion pain” typically refers to discomfort or pain in the area of the shoulder known as the acromion. The acromion is a bony process that extends from the scapula (shoulder blade) and …

ACROMIAL Definition & Meaning | Merriam-Webster Medical
Jun 8, 2025 · The meaning of ACROMIAL is of, relating to, or situated near the acromion. How to use acromial in a sentence.

Acromion Pain - Columbus, Ohio - OrthoNeuro
Several conditions and injuries can lead to AC joint pain, often called acromion pain. Below are some of the most common causes: Trauma, such as falling onto your shoulder or an …

Acromion - Location, Structure, Function, Clinical significance
Dec 18, 2022 · The acromion is a bony projection that extends laterally from the scapula (shoulder blade). It is a key anatomic structure in the shoulder joint, as it forms the top portion …

ACROMIAL | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
ACROMIAL definition: 1. relating to the acromion (= the outer end of the shoulder blade that forms the highest part of…. Learn more.

Acromial - definition of acromial by The Free Dictionary
Define acromial. acromial synonyms, acromial pronunciation, acromial translation, English dictionary definition of acromial. n. pl. a·cro·mi·a The outer end of the scapula to which the …

Acromion of scapula, acromion types and acromion fracture
Acromion is an anterolateral oblong projection of the spine of scapula (shoulder blade) that runs laterally then anteriorly above the supraspinous fossa and is the summit of the shoulder on …

Acromion | definition of acromion by Medical dictionary
the lateral extension of the spine of the scapula, forming the highest point of the shoulder. adj., adj acro´mial. Posterior (dorsal) surface of the scapula, showing the acromion. From Dorland's, …

Acromion | Radiology Reference Article - Radiopaedia.org
Dec 16, 2022 · The acromion (plural: acromia), also known as the acromial process, is a small projection of the scapula that extends anteriorly from the spine of the scapula. It forms the …