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ACR Ultrasound Exam Requirements: Implications for the Industry
By Dr. Evelyn Reed, PhD, RDMS, RVT
Dr. Evelyn Reed holds a PhD in Biomedical Engineering and is a Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer (RDMS) and Registered Vascular Technologist (RVT) with over 15 years of experience in ultrasound imaging and accreditation processes. She has served on several committees focused on improving ultrasound education and practice standards.
Published by: Medical Imaging Insights, a leading publisher of peer-reviewed articles and industry news in the medical imaging field, known for its rigorous editorial standards and commitment to disseminating accurate and timely information.
Edited by: Dr. Michael Chen, MD, FACR, a board-certified radiologist with extensive experience in ultrasound technology and accreditation procedures. Dr. Chen has been involved in developing national guidelines for medical imaging for over two decades.
Keywords: ACR ultrasound exam requirements, ultrasound accreditation, sonography certification, diagnostic medical sonography, vascular technology, ARDMS, American College of Radiology, ultrasound quality assurance, continuing medical education, medical imaging.
Introduction: Navigating the ACR Ultrasound Exam Requirements
The American College of Radiology (ACR) plays a pivotal role in establishing and maintaining high standards in medical imaging. Understanding the ACR ultrasound exam requirements is crucial for sonographers, radiology departments, and healthcare facilities aiming for optimal patient care and accreditation. This article delves into the intricacies of these requirements, their implications for the industry, and the ongoing evolution of ultrasound technology and its regulatory landscape. Successfully navigating the ACR ultrasound exam requirements ensures not only compliance but also contributes to enhancing the overall quality of ultrasound services.
Understanding the ACR’s Role in Ultrasound Accreditation
The ACR is a leading professional organization dedicated to advancing the field of radiology. Their rigorous accreditation programs, including those for ultrasound, aim to ensure consistent quality, safety, and appropriate use of imaging technology across healthcare settings. The ACR ultrasound exam requirements are designed to assess the competence and proficiency of sonographers and the capabilities of ultrasound facilities. These requirements aren't merely checklists; they represent a commitment to continuous improvement and patient safety.
Key Components of ACR Ultrasound Exam Requirements
The ACR ultrasound exam requirements are multifaceted and encompass various aspects of ultrasound practice. Key components include:
Personnel Qualifications: Strict guidelines exist regarding the education, training, and certification of sonographers. This often involves meeting the eligibility criteria set by the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography (ARDMS) and maintaining current certifications. The ACR ultrasound exam requirements emphasize the importance of ongoing professional development and continuing medical education (CME) to stay abreast of the latest advancements in ultrasound technology and techniques.
Equipment & Technology: The ACR carefully scrutinizes the quality and maintenance of ultrasound equipment. Regular calibrations, quality control procedures, and adherence to manufacturer's guidelines are essential for maintaining optimal image quality and diagnostic accuracy. Meeting ACR ultrasound exam requirements in this area ensures that facilities possess the necessary technological infrastructure to deliver high-quality services.
Quality Assurance & Quality Control: Rigorous quality assurance and quality control protocols are pivotal. These protocols are designed to minimize errors, optimize image interpretation, and continuously improve the overall performance of the ultrasound service. The ACR ultrasound exam requirements heavily emphasize the importance of documenting these processes and implementing corrective actions when necessary.
Facility & Safety Standards: The physical environment of the ultrasound department must meet specific safety standards. This includes considerations for infection control, radiation safety (where applicable), and patient privacy. Meeting the ACR ultrasound exam requirements related to facility standards fosters a safe and effective work environment for both staff and patients.
Image Interpretation & Reporting: ACR ultrasound exam requirements extend to the accuracy and thoroughness of ultrasound image interpretation and reporting. Standardized reporting formats and protocols are essential for clear communication among healthcare providers. Adherence to these reporting standards ensures that crucial findings are accurately and consistently documented.
Implications of ACR Ultrasound Exam Requirements for the Industry
Compliance with ACR ultrasound exam requirements holds significant implications for various stakeholders:
Improved Patient Care: The most crucial impact is the enhanced quality of patient care. Strict standards lead to more accurate diagnoses, better treatment planning, and improved patient outcomes.
Increased Professionalism: The requirements foster professionalism within the sonography profession, promoting continuous learning and a commitment to excellence.
Enhanced Credibility: ACR accreditation provides a mark of distinction for healthcare facilities, increasing their credibility and attracting patients seeking high-quality care.
Reduced Risk of Medical Errors: By adhering to strict protocols and guidelines, facilities significantly reduce the risks associated with medical errors.
Competitive Advantage: ACR accreditation gives facilities a competitive advantage in the healthcare marketplace.
The Evolving Landscape of ACR Ultrasound Exam Requirements
The ACR ultrasound exam requirements are not static; they evolve alongside technological advancements and changes in clinical practice. The incorporation of new ultrasound technologies, such as AI-assisted image analysis and advanced 3D/4D imaging modalities, necessitates updates to the accreditation criteria. Staying abreast of these evolving requirements is essential for maintaining compliance and providing the highest quality of care. The ACR actively engages with industry experts to ensure that the requirements remain relevant and responsive to the dynamic landscape of ultrasound technology.
Conclusion
The ACR ultrasound exam requirements are integral to maintaining high standards in ultrasound imaging. Compliance not only ensures adherence to regulatory guidelines but also contributes significantly to improved patient care, enhanced professional standards, and the overall quality of ultrasound services. For sonographers, facilities, and the healthcare industry as a whole, understanding and meeting these requirements is crucial for ensuring a future where diagnostic ultrasound plays an increasingly important role in advancing healthcare.
FAQs
1. What is the difference between ACR accreditation and ARDMS certification? ACR accreditation pertains to the facilities and their processes, while ARDMS certification focuses on individual sonographer qualifications.
2. How often are ACR ultrasound accreditation inspections conducted? The frequency of inspections varies, but generally occurs every three years.
3. What happens if a facility fails to meet ACR ultrasound exam requirements? Facilities may receive a notice of deficiencies and have a timeframe to correct them. Failure to comply may result in the loss of accreditation.
4. Are there different ACR accreditation levels for ultrasound? Yes, the specific requirements may vary depending on the type of ultrasound services offered (e.g., general, vascular, etc.).
5. How can sonographers prepare for the ACR accreditation process? Thorough preparation involves understanding the requirements, implementing robust quality control procedures, and maintaining accurate documentation.
6. What is the cost of ACR ultrasound accreditation? The cost varies depending on the facility size and the services offered.
7. What are the benefits of obtaining ACR accreditation for an ultrasound facility? It enhances credibility, attracts more patients, improves patient safety, and demonstrates commitment to quality.
8. Can a facility appeal an ACR accreditation decision? Yes, facilities have the option to appeal decisions through established ACR procedures.
9. Where can I find the most up-to-date information on ACR ultrasound exam requirements? The official ACR website is the best resource for current requirements and guidelines.
Related Articles
1. ACR Ultrasound Accreditation: A Step-by-Step Guide: This article provides a detailed walkthrough of the ACR accreditation process, outlining the key steps and documentation required.
2. Maintaining ACR Accreditation: Best Practices for Ultrasound Facilities: This article focuses on strategies for sustained compliance and maintaining ACR accreditation over time.
3. The Role of Quality Assurance in Meeting ACR Ultrasound Exam Requirements: A deep dive into the importance of QA/QC in achieving and maintaining ACR accreditation.
4. Advanced Ultrasound Technologies and Their Impact on ACR Accreditation: This article examines how advancements in technology influence the ACR's accreditation criteria.
5. Addressing Common Deficiencies in ACR Ultrasound Accreditation Inspections: This article highlights frequent issues found during inspections and provides solutions.
6. The Importance of Continuing Medical Education (CME) for ACR Ultrasound Compliance: This article emphasizes the significance of CME for sonographers in maintaining their knowledge and skills.
7. ACR Ultrasound Accreditation and the Patient Experience: This article examines the correlation between ACR accreditation and enhanced patient satisfaction.
8. Comparative Analysis of ACR and Other Ultrasound Accreditation Programs: This article compares the ACR's program with other accreditation bodies.
9. The Future of ACR Ultrasound Accreditation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: This article explores how AI will impact the future of ACR accreditation requirements.
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: 2013 ACR BI-RADS Atlas Acr, 2014-01-31 |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Learning Radiology William Herring, 2015-04-16 A must-have for anyone who will be required to read and interpret common radiologic images, Learning Radiology: Recognizing the Basics is an image-filled, practical, and easy-to-read introduction to key imaging modalities. Skilled radiology teacher William Herring, MD, masterfully covers exactly what you need to know to effectively interpret medical images of all modalities. Learn the latest on ultrasound, MRI, CT, patient safety, dose reduction, radiation protection, and more, in a time-friendly format with brief, bulleted text and abundant high-quality images. Then ensure your mastery of the material with additional online content, bonus images, and self-assessment exercises at Student Consult. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Lung Cancer Imaging James G. Ravenel, 2013-06-22 While specialists often guide the care to lung cancer patients, it is often a general radiologist who is left to interpret studies that impact patient care and management. Lung Cancer Imaging provides a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis, staging and overview of the management of lung cancer relevant to practicing radiologists so that they can better understand the decision making issues and provide more directed and useful communication to the treating physicians. It Primary Care physicians will also find this book valuable to understand the relevant issues that they face when one of their patients is being treated for lung cancer. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Ultrasound for Primary Care Paul Bornemann, 2020-07-29 Master high-yield point-of-care ultrasound applications that are targeted specifically to answer questions that arise commonly in the outpatient clinic! Written for primary care providers in Family Medicine, Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Ultrasound for Primary Care is a practical, easy-to-read guide. Learn to incorporate ultrasound to augment your physical exam for evaluation of thyroid nodules, enlarged lymph nodes, pericardial effusion, chronic kidney disease, and a host of musculoskeletal issues, and much more. Additionally, included are chapters on ultrasound for guidance of procedures including joint injections, lumbar puncture and needle biopsy, to name a few. Well-illustrated and highly templated, this unique title helps you expand the scope of your practice and provide more effective patient care. This is the tablet version which does not include access to the supplemental content mentioned in the text. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Ian Beggs, 2013-12-17 Want to increase your imaging capabilities exponentially? Look no further than Musculoskeletal Ultrasound, an expertly crafted guide to ultrasound and musculoskeletal diagnosis. In this comprehensive book, you’ll learn everything you need to know about employing powerful imaging techniques to produce precise and consistent readings. With clearly segmented and organized text, each topic is enhanced and supported by illustrations, photographs, and imaging scans. Assisted by the author and his world-renowned contributors, you’ll focus on different parts of the body, as chapter subjects range from the shoulder, to the elbow, to the hand and wrist, as well as the muscles, nerves, and more. Witness how radiology specialists and practitioners are increasing their knowledge and expertise of the anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and techniques of this imaging tool. Under the guidance of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound, you can acquire the skills you need to offer insightful, effective imaging diagnosis and outstanding medical treatment. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Diseases of the Chest, Breast, Heart and Vessels 2019-2022 Juerg Hodler, Rahel A. Kubik-Huch, Gustav K. von Schulthess, 2019-02-19 This open access book focuses on diagnostic and interventional imaging of the chest, breast, heart, and vessels. It consists of a remarkable collection of contributions authored by internationally respected experts, featuring the most recent diagnostic developments and technological advances with a highly didactical approach. The chapters are disease-oriented and cover all the relevant imaging modalities, including standard radiography, CT, nuclear medicine with PET, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as imaging-guided interventions. As such, it presents a comprehensive review of current knowledge on imaging of the heart and chest, as well as thoracic interventions and a selection of hot topics. The book is intended for radiologists, however, it is also of interest to clinicians in oncology, cardiology, and pulmonology. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Choosing the Correct Radiologic Test Susanna Lee, James H. Thrall, 2012-10-02 Owing to financial constraints, greater pressure is being put on physicians to order only appropriate radiologic exams. The American College of Radiology (ACR) Appropriateness Criteria have emerged as a widely accepted standard by which the appropriate use of radiologic exams is judged. This book enables physicians and trainees to learn the ACR recommendations in a clinically relevant and intellectually stimulating way. More than 400 clinical scenarios are organized into ten modules based on organ systems. Each scenario is addressed by means of an interactive quiz in which the reader is invited to select the best option from various imaging modalities. Each choice is given a numerical rating of appropriateness, with accompanying comments when necessary. Correlative images of pathologies are included to enhance the reader’s appreciation of the diagnostic power of the modality in question. This book is ideal as a tool both for self-study and for quantitative evaluation of students’ knowledge. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Practical Urological Ultrasound Pat F. Fulgham, Bruce R. Gilbert, 2020-09-30 Practical Urological Ultrasound has become a primary reference for urologists and sonographers performing urologic ultrasound examinations. This third edition is comprised of twenty-two chapters including newly added chapters on technical advancements in ultrasound, male reproduction ultrasound, point-of-care ultrasound, quality assessment and implementation for urologic practices, and sonographers in the urologic practice. All chapters are fully updated and expanded, covering additional literature on further elucidation of Doppler ultrasound principles, sonoelastography, quantitative evaluation of the clinical causes of ED, evaluations of the pelvic mesh implant and its complications, developments in multiparametic ultrasound of the prostate, and updated protocols in POCUS. Written by experts in the field of urology, Practical Urological Ultrasound, Third Edition continues to serve as an important resource for the novice and a comprehensive reference for the advanced sonographer. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Quality Assurance for PET and PET/CT Systems , 2009 This publication provides guidelines for the implementation of quality assurance and control programs concerning the combined medical diagnostic modality of positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT). These independent, but complementary, imaging techniques are in frequent and increasing use within the fields of diagnostic imaging, oncology, cardiology and neurology, where they allow physicians to locate and diagnose malignant diseases accurately. This publication establishes guidelines for acceptance testing and routine quality control as necessary for optimal clinical performance. Specific topics of discussion include frameworks for reference values, tolerances and action levels, minimal required configurations with corresponding performances characteristics, and the management of ancillary equipment. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Diagnostic Ultrasound, 2-Volume Set Carol M. Rumack, Stephanie R. Wilson, Deborah Levine, J. William Charboneau, 2015-12-23 Previously listed under ISBN 978-0-323-05397-6. Diagnostic Ultrasound, edited by Carol M. Rumack, Stephanie R. Wilson, J. William Charboneau, and Deborah Levine, presents a greater wealth of authoritative, up-to-the-minute guidance on the ever-expanding applications of this versatile modality than you'll find in any other single source. Preeminent experts help you reap the fullest benefit from the latest techniques for ultrasound imaging of the whole body...image-guided procedures...fetal, obstetric, and pediatric imaging...and more. This completely updated edition encompasses all of the latest advances, including 3D and 4D imaging, fetal imaging, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the liver and digestive tract, and much more - all captured through an abundance of brand-new images. And now, video clips for virtually every chapter allow you to see the sonographic presentation of various conditions in real time! Compare your findings to approximately 5,000 outstanding imaging examples (1,150 in full color). Gain valuable diagnostic tips and insights from the most respected experts in the field. Previously listed under ISBN 978-0-323-05397-6. See the sonographic presentation of various conditions in real time with video clips accompanying virtually every chapter! Master all of the latest US applications, including the newest developments in 3D and 4D imaging, fetal imaging, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the liver and digestive tract, and much more. View state-of-the-art examples of all imaging findings with more than 70% new illustrations in the obstetrics section (including correlations with fetal MRI), and more than 20% new images throughout the rest of the contents. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Rheumatology Review Minna J. Kohler, 2021-10-04 Point-of care ultrasound, or ultrasound performed and interpreted by the clinical in the clinic/office or at the bedside, has been rapidly expanding in use among multiple medical specialties. Musculoskeletal ultrasound has added value to clinical care to expedite diagnoses by visualizing mechanical versus inflammatory features and correlating these findings with patient’s symptoms. The use of power Doppler to assess for subclinical inflammation or active hyperemia has been a distinguishing use of ultrasound for rheumatologists. Accurate needle guidance with ultrasound for joint and tendon procedures has allowed expansion of procedures in the clinic and has been associated with less pain and precise targeting of affected structures. Musculoskeletal ultrasound education is now offered in nearly all rheumatology fellowship training programs in the United States and is also included in residency training in other specialties (e.g. physical medicine and rehabilitation, orthopedics, podiatry, emergency medicine, and family medicine). Since the publication of the first edition of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Rheumatology Review, there has been tremendous growth of musculoskeletal ultrasound in the field of rheumatology as well as other musculoskeletal specialties. The expanded second edition of this practical guide provides an updated clinical review of diagnostic and interventional applications of musculoskeletal ultrasound in rheumatology. New and revised chapters focus on the use of ultrasound in the diagnosis of specific rheumatic diseases such as osteoarthritis, scleroderma, psoriatic arthritis, gout, and lupus. Each chapter covers a standardized protocol of joint images with probe placement and includes numerous examples of common ultrasound pathologies. Study tools such as key-concept overviews, lists of important studies in the field, and extensive questions for self-assessment are included throughout. Written by current experts and thought leaders in the rapidly advancing field of rheumatology ultrasound, the second edition of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Rheumatology Review is an essential reference for physicians and related professionals, residents, fellows, graduate students and nurses in rheumatology, imaging and radiology, sports medicine, internal medicine, and physiotherapy. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: First-Trimester Ultrasound Jacques S. Abramowicz, Ryan E. Longman, 2023-04-13 This second edition offers a unique and focused study of the use of ultrasound during the first trimester, a critical time in a fetus’ development. It includes basic examination guidelines as well as cutting-edge ultrasound modalities, including Doppler and three-dimensional ultrasound, for the period immediately preceding conception through early embryology. Fully updated, the text begins with a discussion of the safety and efficacy of diagnostic ultrasound and the use of this modality for the evaluation and treatment of infertility. Recognized experts in the field then explore conditions that may interfere with normal conception or development, including maternal diseases that would benefit from early scanning, elements of teratology, multiple gestations, ectopic pregnancy, gestational trophoblastic disease, fetal anomalies and invasive procedures in the first trimester. This edition includes seven new chapters focusing on the imaging of fetal development, including chapters on the first trimester fetal brain, genitourinary tract, and diagnosis of fetal genetic syndromes. Numerous illustrations, figures, and online videos serve as aides for understanding key concepts. First-Trimester Ultrasound, 2e is a valuable resource for many, in or after training, in obstetrics and gynecology, radiology, emergency medicine, family medicine and genetics. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Ultrasound Coding User's Guide 2010 Acr, 2010-01-01 |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Musculoskeletal Ultrasound van Holsbeeck Marnix, 2016-02-12 Musculoskeletal Ultrasound is the latest edition of this comprehensive reference guide to the applications of this imaging technique.The book is edited by US- based experts Marnix van Holsbeeck and Joseph Introcaso. The book is divided into 23 chapters, beginning with the physical principles of ultrasound imaging. Subsequent chapters cover the sonography of particular anatomical structures of the musculoskeletal system, from muscle, ligaments and tendons, to peripheral nerves, skin and bone. Later chapters cover the sonography of broader anatomical areas, including shoulder, arm and hand, leg and foot, chest and abdominal wall. This edition of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound reflects the rapid growth of this technique, with more information on ultrasound anatomy, indications for ultrasound examinations, pathology and signs of disease. A new glossary has been included with important terminology. Key Points Latest edition of this comprehensive reference guide to musculoskeletal ultrasound Previous edition published 2001 (9780323000185) Edited by US experts from Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, and Clinical Neuroscience Programs, Ministry Healthcare Eastern Region, Wisconsin |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Imaging of Foreign Bodies Antonio Pinto, Luigia Romano, 2013-10-30 Most ingested foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without a problem. However, both ingested and inserted foreign bodies may cause bowel obstruction or perforation or lead to severe hemorrhage, abscess formation, or septicemia. Foreign body aspiration is common in children, especially those under 3 years of age, and in these cases chest radiography and CT are the main imaging modalities. This textbook provides a thorough overview of the critical role of diagnostic imaging in the assessment of patients with suspected foreign body ingestion, aspiration, or insertion. A wide range of scenarios are covered, from the common problem of foreign body ingestion or aspiration in children and mentally handicapped adults through to drug smuggling by body packing and gunshot wounds. Guidance is offered on diagnostic protocols, and the value of different imaging modalities in different situations is explained. Helpful management tips are also provided. This textbook will prove invaluable for residents in radiology, radiologists, and physicians who are involved on a daily basis, within an emergency department, in the management of patients with suspected ingestion, aspiration, or insertion of foreign bodies. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: First-Trimester Ultrasound Jacques S. Abramowicz, 2015-08-24 This book offers a unique and focused study of the use of ultrasound during the first trimester, a critical time in a fetus’ development. It includes basic examination guidelines as well as cutting-edge ultrasound modalities, including Doppler and three-dimensional ultrasound, for the period immediately preceding conception through early embryology. Beginning with a discussion of the safety and efficacy of diagnostic ultrasound and the use of this modality for the evaluation and treatment of infertility, recognized experts in the field explore conditions that may interfere with normal conception or development, including maternal diseases that would benefit from early scanning, elements of teratology, multiple gestations, ectopic pregnancy, gestational trophoblastic disease, fetal anomalies and invasive procedures in the first trimester. Numerous illustrations and figures are provided to serve as aids for understanding key concepts. First-Trimester Ultrasound is a valuable resource for many, in or after training, in obstetrics and gynecology, radiology, emergency medicine, family medicine and genetics. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: CPT Professional 2022 American Medical Association, 2021-09-17 CPT(R) 2022 Professional Edition is the definitive AMA-authored resource to help healthcare professionals correctly report and bill medical procedures and services. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Quality Management in the Imaging Sciences Jeffrey Papp, 2006 Accompanying CD-ROM contains ... more than 300 practice exam questions for the ARRT Advanced Certification Examination in Quality Management, 26 lab experiments, 160 critical thinking questions, and more.--Page 4 of cover. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Early Detection of Breast Cancer S. Brünner, B. Langfeldt, P. E. Andersen, 2012-12-06 The enormous expansion seen over the last decade in the mammo graphic detection of breast cancer lesions, especially the use of screen ing procedures for the early detection of clinically unsuspected tumors, has made it necessary to summarize the experience made by various centers in the world. The 2nd International Copenhagen Symposium on Detection of Breast Cancer afforded an opportunity of gathering scientists from all over the world to discuss the various problems of early breast cancer detection with special reference to screening procedures. This book forms a synthesis of the information presented by leading scientists from many of the world's mammo graphic centers, particularly those in Sweden and the USA. Hence, the reader will have the opportunity to study the outstanding work carried out by various institutes and centers of breast cancer screening. It is our sincere hope that a study of this volume will encourage other scientists to join in the work on screening procedures. S. Brunner B. Langfeldt P. E. Andersen Contents S. A. Feig: 1 Hypothetical Breast Cancer Risk from Mammography S. A. Feig: Benefits and Risks of Mammography 11 R. L. Egan and M. B. McSweeney: Multicentric Breast Carcinoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 M. B. McSweeney and R. L. Egan: Breast Cancer in the Younger Patient: A Preliminary Report 36 M. B. McSweeney and R. L. Egan: Bilateral Breast Carcinoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' 41 N. Bjurstam: The Radiographic Appearance of Normal and Metastatic Axillary Lymph Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 M. Moskowitz, S. A. Feig, C. Cole-Beuglet, S. H. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Reference Manual for Magnetic Resonance Safety, Implants, and Devices Frank G. Shellock, 2013-01-01 The Reference Manual for Magnetic Resonance Safety, Implants, and Devices: 2013 Edition is an indispensable textbook for radiologists, MRI technologists, facility managers, and other healthcare professionals. This internationally acclaimed, annually revised, and fully updated textbook series is a comprehensive information resource that includes guidelines and recommendations for MRI safety and patient management. The content is based on the latest peer-reviewed publications, labeling information from medical device companies, findings from recent investigations, as well as documents developed by professional and governmental organizations. Importantly, this textbook is a vital source of information for implants and devices evaluated for MRI-related issues. The List contains tabulated data for thousands of objects, including products tested at 3-Tesla. Coverage spans the full range of implants and devices encountered in patients referred for MRI procedures. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Contrast-Enhanced Mammography Marc Lobbes, Maxine S. Jochelson, 2019-04-29 This book is a comprehensive guide to contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM), a novel advanced mammography technique using dual-energy mammography in combination with intravenous contrast administration in order to increase the diagnostic performance of digital mammography. Readers will find helpful information on the principles of CEM and indications for the technique. Detailed attention is devoted to image interpretation, with presentation of case examples and highlighting of pitfalls and artifacts. Other topics to be addressed include the establishment of a CEM program, the comparative merits of CEM and MRI, and the roles of CEM in screening populations and monitoring of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CEM became commercially available in 2011 and is increasingly being used in clinical practice owing to its superiority over full-field digital mammography. This book will be an ideal source of knowledge and guidance for all who wish to start using the technique or to learn more about it. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Alberto Tagliafico, Nehmat Houssami, Massimo Calabrese, 2016-05-03 This book provides a comprehensive description of the screening and clinical applications of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and offers straightforward, clear guidance on use of the technique. Informative clinical cases are presented to illustrate how to take advantage of DBT in clinical practice. The importance of DBT as a diagnostic tool for both screening and diagnosis is increasing rapidly. DBT improves upon mammography by depicting breast tissue on a video clip made of cross‐sectional images reconstructed in correspondence with their mammographic planes of acquisition. DBT results in markedly reduced summation of overlapping breast tissue and offers the potential to improve mammographic breast cancer surveillance and diagnosis. This book will be an excellent practical teaching guide for beginners and a useful reference for more experienced radiologists. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: ARDMS Adult Echocardiography Exam Study Guide: Unofficial Ardms Test Review for the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography Exam Mometrix Unofficial Test Prep For The Ardms Exam, 2014-03-31 Secrets of the ARDMS Adult Echocardiography Exam helps you ace the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography Exam without weeks and months of endless studying. Our comprehensive Secrets of the ARDMS Adult Echocardiography Exam study guide is written by our exam experts, who painstakingly researched every topic and concept that you need to know to ace your test. Our original research reveals specific weaknesses that you can exploit to increase your exam score more than you've ever imagined. Secrets of the ARDMS Adult Echocardiography Exam includes: The 5 Secret Keys to ARDMS Exam Success: Time is Your Greatest Enemy, Guessing is Not Guesswork, Practice Smarter, Not Harder, Prepare, Don't Procrastinate, Test Yourself; A comprehensive General Strategy review including: Make Predictions, Answer the Question, Benchmark, Valid Information, Avoid Fact Traps, Milk the Question, The Trap of Familiarity, Eliminate Answers, Tough Questions, Brainstorm, Read Carefully, Face Value, Prefixes, Hedge Phrases, Switchback Words, New Information, Time Management, Contextual Clues, Don't Panic, Pace Yourself, Answer Selection, Check Your Work, Beware of Directly Quoted Answers, Slang, Extreme Statements, Answer Choice Families; A comprehensive Content review including: Cardiac Function, Segmental Wall Motion, Anatomy, Heart Valves, Coronary Sinus, Pericardial, Pleural Structures, Aortic Arch, Superior Vena Cava, Hepatic Veins, Mechanical Atrial Systole, Electrical Atrial Systole, Cardiac Cycle, Isovolumetric Contraction, Rapid Ejection, Exercise Stress Testing, Segmental Wall Motion Abnormalities, Aortic Dissection, Tricuspid Valve Stenosis, Flail Leaflet, Aortic Valve Regurgitation, Ischemic Heart Disease, Pseudoaneurysms, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Asymmetrical Septal Hypertrophy, Pulmonary Hypertension, Sinus Node Disease, Endocarditis, Pericardial Effusion, Primary Cardiac Tumors, and much more... |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Reference Levels and Achievable Doses in Medical and Dental Imaging National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Scientific Committee 4-3 on Diagnostic Reference Levels and Achievable Doses, and Reference Levels in Medical Imaging: Recommendations for Applications in the United States, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, 2012 Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are used in medical imaging to indicate whether the patient radiation dose or amount of administered activity from a specific procedure are unusually high or low for that procedure. DRLs are the first step in the optimization process to manage patient dose commensurate with the medical purpose of the procedure. Achievable dose is an optimization goal, based on survey data, and typically defined as the median value (50th percentile) of the dose distribution of standard techniques and technologies in widespread use. The overarching goal is to obtain image quality consistent with the clinical objective, while avoiding unnecessary radiation. Too low an exposure, however, is also to be avoided if it results in an inadequate image. This Report represents an important continuation of NCRP reports on radiation safety and health protection in medicine and lays the foundation for the development and application of DRLs and achievable doses for diagnostic x-ray examinations. The concept of DRLs is extended to procedures other than diagnostic x-ray examinations (e.g., for interventional radiology) by the use of reference levels (RLs), which represent radiation dose levels that if exceeded prompt an evaluation of the reasons why. This Report discusses the establishment and use of RLs for fluoroscopically-guided interventional (FGI) procedures and describes why a different approach from DRLs is required to account for the greater complexity of interventional radiology compared with standard medical imaging procedures. Phantoms are models of the human body used in radiation dosimetry studies to estimate exposures to patients. The use of phantom survey data in the United States is contrasted with the use of patient-based dose data in Europe for establishing DRLs, achievable doses, and RLs. The use of phantom survey data is reviewed for determining DRLs for imaging modalities such as projection radiography, fluoro |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Ultrasound Edward I. Bluth, Carol B. Benson, Philip W. Ralls, 2011-01-01 Based on a popular course taught at the Radiological Society of North America's Annual Meeting, this book provides all the essential information for choosing the appropriate imaging examination and completing the imaging workup of a patient. Chapters are organized into parts according to the anatomical location of the clinical problems addressed. The authors guide the reader through the diagnostic evaluation, reviewing the indications for and the strengths and limitations of ultrasound imaging.Features: Practical information on the usefulness of ultrasound, nonimaging tests, or other imaging modalities, such as CT and MR, for evaluating each clinical situation Clear descriptions of symptoms and differential diagnosis Nearly 1,300 images and photographs demonstrating key points A new chapter on neonatal spinal cord anomalies Comprehensive and up-to-date, this edition is essential for ultrasonographers, radiologists, residents, physicians, nurses, and radiology assistants seeking the latest recommendations for the effective use of ultrasonography. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Ultrasound: The Requisites Barbara S. Hertzberg, William D. Middleton, 2015-07-17 This bestselling volume in The RequisitesT Series provides a comprehensive introduction to timely ultrasound concepts, ensuring quick access to all the essential tools for the effective practice of ultrasonography. Comprehensive yet concise, Ultrasound covers everything from basic principles to advanced state-of-the-art techniques. This title perfectly fulfills the career-long learning, maintenance of competence, reference, and review needs of residents, fellows, and practicing physicians. Covers the spectrum of ultrasound use for general, vascular, obstetric, and gynecologic imaging. Fully illustrated design includes numerous side-by-side correlative images. Written at a level ideal for residents seeking an understanding of the basics, or for practitioners interested in lifelong learning and maintenance of competence. Extensive boxes and tables highlight differential diagnoses and summarize findings. Key Features boxes offer a review of key information at the end of each chapter. Explore extensively updated and expanded content on important topics such as practical physics and image optimization, the thyroid, salivary glands, bowel, musculoskeletal system, cervical nodal disease, ectopic pregnancy, early pregnancy failure, management of asymptomatic adnexal cysts, practice guidelines - and a new chapter on fetal chromosome abnormalities. Visualize the complete spectrum of diseases with many new and expanded figures of anatomy and pathology, additional correlative imaging, and new schematics demonstrating important concepts and findings. Further enhance your understanding with visual guidance from the accompanying electronic version, which features over 600 additional figures and more than 350 real-time ultrasound videos. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. The enhanced eBook experience allows you to view the additional images and video segments and access all of the text, figures, and suggested readings on a variety of devices. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Vascular Ultrasound A.F.W. van der Steen, 2003-10-10 Intravascular ultrasound imaging (IVUS) plays very important roles in clinical cardiology. This book describes the newest advances in vascular ultrasound imaging and the surrounding technologies for high frequency vascular ultrasound imaging. Most important topics of the book are technical applications of IVUS (elasticity imaging, chromaflow...) and the basic data (vibration, acoustic microscopy) that should provide very important information to understand clinical IVUS imaging. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: ABC of Arterial and Venous Disease Richard Donnelly, Nick J. M. London, 2009-04-08 Structural and functional abnormalities of arteries and veinsmanifest clinically in a broad spectrum of disorders, includinganeurysmal disease, atherosclerosis, vasculitis, venousinsufficiency, microvascular complications, thrombo-embolism andlower limb ulceration. Many of these are common and/orchronic conditions which present for initial assessment by primaryhealth care workers. This new edition is a practical guide to the most commonlypresenting disorders, and provides a structured approach toclinical assessment, investigations and management. The lastfew years have seen major changes in the use of non-invasive orminimally-invasive techniques, e.g wider use of CT and MRangiography, and increasing use of percutaneous interventions forcarotid, lower limb and reno-vascular disease. The ABC of Arterial and Venous Disease (Second Edition)explains the underlying technology and the applications of newminimally-invasive methods, especially CT and MRI, and provides anup-dated, evidence-based guide to the modern day management ofpatients with common, life-threatening diseases involving differentparts of the circulation. This authoritative, full-colour, illustrated ABC is anideal reference for the primary care, non-specialist practitionerto base effective management and prevention programmes. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: CPT 2015 American Medical Association, 2014 This codebook helps professionals remain compliant with annual CPT code set changes and is the AMAs official coding resource for procedural coding rules and guidelines. Designed to help improve CPT code competency and help professionals comply with current CPT code changes, it can help enable them to submit accurate procedural claims. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient American College of Surgeons. Committee on Trauma, 1990 |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Musculoskeletal Imaging Philip G. Conaghan, Philip O'Connor, David A. Isenberg, 2010-03-18 Diseases of the joints and surrounding tissues cannot be visualised without the help of imaging techniques. These range from x-rays (which have been available for over 100 years) to the highly sophisticated magnetic resonance imaging scanning. The variety of imaging techniques and indeed the quality of these images has improved radically in the past decade and this book attempts to capture the way in which rheumatologists and their colleagues can use a wide variety of techniques to analyse musculoskeletal diseases which are known to exist. This handbook provides the reader with an insight into both which imaging techniques should be applied to particular clinical problems and how the results can be used to determine the diagnosis and management of musculoskeletal conditions. It is extensively illustrated with examples of the various imaging techniques and joints to aid understanding, and is organised by anatomical region and specific musculoskeletal disorder to allow easy access to information. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Manual of Diagnostic Ultrasound World Health Organization, 2011 Forlagets beskrivelse: The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes ultrasound as an important medical diagnostic imaging technology. Manuals on ultrasound have been published by WHO since 2001, with the purpose of guiding health professionals on the safe and effective use of ultrasound. Among the diagnostic imaging technologies, ultrasound is the safer and least expensive, and technological advances are making it more user friendly and portable. Ultrasound has many uses, both diagnostic and therapeutic. For the purposes of this manual, only diagnostic ultrasound will be considered and further analysed. Basic physics of ultrasonographic imaging was released in 2005; since then, WHO has addressed the physics, safe use and different applications of ultrasound as an important diagnostic imaging tool. Since it is a non ionizing radiation technology, along with nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, the risks inherent to its use are lower than those presented by other diagnostic imaging technologies using ionizing radiation, such as the radiological technologies (X-rays and computed tomography scanners). |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Ultrasound Imaging Felix Okechukwu Erondu, 2022-05-11 Ultrasound Imaging - Current Topics presents complex and current topics in ultrasound imaging in a simplified format. It is easy to read and exemplifies the range of experiences of each contributing author. Chapters address such topics as anatomy and dimensional variations, pediatric gastrointestinal emergencies, musculoskeletal and nerve imaging as well as molecular sonography. The book is a useful resource for researchers, students, clinicians, and sonographers looking for additional information on ultrasound imaging beyond the basics. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Stress Echocardiography Eugenio Picano, 2015-10-06 This sixth edition is enriched by over 300 figures, 150 tables and a video-companion collecting more than 100 cases also presented in the format of short movies and teaching cartoons. This extensively revised and enlarged edition of this long-seller documents the very significant advances made since the fifth (2009) edition and is entirely written by Eugenio Picano, a pioneer in the field sharing his lifetime experience with the help of an international panel of 50 contributors from 22 countries representing some of the best available knowledge and expertise in their respective field. In a societal and economic climate of increasing pressure for appropriate, justified and optimized imaging, stress echocardiography offers the great advantages of being radiation-free, relatively low cost, and with a staggering versatility: we can get more (information) with less (cost and risk). For a long time, the scope and application of stress echo remained focused on coronary artery disease. In the last ten years, it has exploded in its breadth and variety of applications. From a black-and-white, one-fits-all approach (wall motion by 2D-echo in the patient with known or suspected coronary artery disease) now we have moved on to a omnivorous, next-generation laboratory employing a variety of technologies (from M-Mode to 2D and pulsed, continuous, color and tissue Doppler, to lung ultrasound and real time 3D echo, 2D speckle tracking and myocardial contrast echo) on patients covering the entire spectrum of severity (from elite athletes to patients with end-stage heart failure) and ages (from children with congenital heart disease to the elderly with low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis). |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Digital Mammography Etta D. Pisano, Martin Joel Yaffe, Cherie M. Kuzmiak, 2004 Bogen er en grundlæggende lærebog om digital mammografi, hvori digital mammografi og traditionel mammografi også sammenlignes i forhold til screening, diagnoser og radiografisk billedteknik. Der er en komplet billedsamling af cases indenfor digital mammografi. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Callen's Ultrasonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology E-Book Mary E Norton, 2016-07-02 Get outstanding guidance from the world's most trusted reference on OB/GYN ultrasound. Now brought to you by lead editor Dr. Mary Norton, Callen's Ultrasonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology has been completely and exhaustively updated by a team of obstetric, gynecologic, and radiology experts to reflect the most recent advances in the field. It addresses the shift in today's practice to a collaborative effort among radiologists, perinatologists, and OB/GYNs, with new emphasis placed on genetics and clinical management. This must-have resource covers virtually all aspects of fetal, obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound — from the common to the rare — in one essential clinical reference, allowing you to practice with absolute confidence. - - Highly templated, full-color format allows you to locate information more quickly. - Full-color medical illustrations present key anatomic details in a clear manner. - Thousands of digital-quality images depict the complete range of normal and abnormal imaging presentations. - Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, and references from the book on a variety of devices. You'll also access 20 real-time ultrasound videos of the fetal heart and other structures. - Provides extensive updates of text and images, including the latest in imaging, Doppler techniques, genetic testing, and clinical management. - Brand new chapters provide up-to-date, comprehensive coverage of topics relevant to current practice: -First Trimester Fetal Anatomy -Obstetric Ultrasound and the Obese Patient -Evaluation of Pelvic Pain in the Reproductive Age Patient -Gynecologic Ultrasound in the Pediatric and Adolescent Patient -Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Urogynecology -The Role of Ultrasound in Gynecologic Interventions - Highlights significant new genetic testing content, including correlation with ultrasound evaluation of the fetus. - Places increased emphasis on 3-dimensional imaging and correlative imaging with magnetic resonance (MR). - Features new practice guidelines for obstetric evaluation (including first trimester assessment) and gynecologic management (including evaluation of the endometrium and of ovarian masses). - Features new information about fetal imaging guidelines from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). - Provides expanded discussion of fetal, obstetric, and gynecologic interventions with new emphasis on clinical use and application of ultrasound imaging. - Includes key and comprehensive reference data used for evaluation of fetal growth and other specialized measurements. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Oxford American Handbook of Radiology Petra J. Lewis, Nancy J. McNulty, 2013-04-16 The Oxford American Handbook of Radiology is a concise, image-rich guide to radiology for non-radiologists who wish to improve their understanding and utilization of imaging as well as their interpretative skills. An Essentials section covers topics such as imaging modalities, contrast, risks of imaging, imaging the pregnant patient and imaging algorithms for common presenting conditions. The remaining chapters are organized to facilitate easy review for students on either radiology or clinical clerkships such as OBGYN, medicine or surgery. Chapters include: chest imaging, abdominal imaging, neurological imaging, musculoskeletal imaging, women's imaging, interventional radiology, ultrasound, fluoroscopy, nuclear medicine and pediatrics. A pattern-based approach is used, allowing readers to develop the underlying concepts of image interpretation and then apply it to individual cases. All chapters include 'Don't Miss' boxes to highlight crucial findings. Over 340 high quality annotated images and line drawings are included both in the text and on the included CD. Designed for quick reference on the wards and in the clinics, this structured and easily readable guide fits in a lab coat pocket. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Cerebrovascular Ultrasound Michael G. Hennerici, Michael Hennerici, Stephen P. Meairs, 2001-10-25 Ultrasound provides a unique diagnostic perspective in cerebrovascular disorders, with extremely high temporal resolution and excellent spatial display of extracranial arteries, brain structures and cerebral vessels. This comprehensive text covers the fundamentals of ultrasound physics, new technology, and clinical applications in all ages. It provides a firm grounding in hemodynamics and describes computational models for study of the cerebral circulation. Extracranial applications in assessing the carotid and vertebral arteries are discussed in detail, as are intracranial Doppler applications in stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, arteriovenous malformations, interventional and surgical procedures, and the detection and monitoring of cerebral microembolism. These and other topics, both clinical and technical, are presented by leading authorities in the field, with extensive illustrations, and tables are included for the standardized classification of cerebrovascular diseases based on international consensus conferences. For clinicians and clinical neuroscientists this is the definitive reference text in cerebrovascular ultrasound. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Contrast-Enhanced Digital Mammography (CEDM) Jacopo Nori, Maninderpal Kaur, 2018-10-09 This book offers a comprehensive, practical resource entirely devoted to Contrast-Enhanced Digital Mammography (CEDM), a state-of-the-art technique that has emerged as a valuable addition to conventional imaging modalities in the detection of primary and recurrent breast cancer, and as an important preoperative staging tool for women with breast cancer. CEDM is a relatively new breast imaging technique based on dual energy acquisition, combining mammography with iodine-based contrast agents to display contrast uptake in breast lesions. It improves the sensitivity and specificity of breast cancer detection by providing higher foci to breast-gland contrast and better lesion delineation than digital mammography. Preliminary results suggest that CEDM is comparable to breast MRI for evaluating the extent and size of lesions and detecting multifocal lesions, and thus has the potential to become a readily available, fast and cost-effective examination. With a focus on the basic imaging principles of CEDM, this book takes a practical approach to breast imaging. Drawing on the editors’ and authors’ practical experience, it guides the reader through the basics of CEDM, making it especially accessible for beginners. By presenting the key aspects of CEDM in a straightforward manner and supported by clear images, the book represents a valuable guide for all practicing radiologists, in particular those who perform breast imaging and have recently incorporated or plan to incorporate CEDM into their diagnostic arsenal. |
| acr ultrasound exam requirements: Callen's Ultrasonography in Obstetrics & Gynecology: 1SAE - E-book Mary E Norton, 2016-11-15 Get outstanding guidance from the world's most trusted reference on OB/GYN ultrasound. Now brought to you by lead editor Dr. Mary Norton, Callen's Ultrasonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology has been completely and exhaustively updated by a team of obstetric, gynecologic, and radiology experts to reflect the most recent advances in the field. It addresses the shift in today's practice to a collaborative effort among radiologists, perinatologists, and OB/GYNs, with new emphasis placed on genetics and clinical management. This must-have resource covers virtually all aspects of fetal, obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound — from the common to the rare — in one essential clinical reference, allowing you to practice with absolute confidence. - Highly templated, full-color format allows you to locate information more quickly. - Full-color medical illustrations present key anatomic details in a clear manner. - Thousands of digital-quality images depict the complete range of normal and abnormal imaging presentations. |
为什么尿检很多指标会和肌酐作一个比值？ - 知乎
Oct 17, 2018 · 虽然也有报道认为acr同样有许多影响因素，如晨尿蛋白含量低，蛋白和肌酐检测方法本身误差的叠加等。目前仍认为尿acr检测值得采用，尤其对那些收集24小时尿液有困难者。
Camera Raw 和 Lightroom 有什么区别，哪个比较好用？ - 知乎
ACR （Adobe camera raw）和 Lr公用一套引擎，处理结果是一样的。 这里简单说说发展史，就明白这些产品的定位了： Photoshop的定位不仅仅是摄影作品处理，它其实包含了图片处理，移 …
电池的 ACIR 和 DCIR 有什么区别？ - 知乎
acr用来评估影响瞬间输输出的传导性电阻，但无法评估包含电化学特性的输出电阻。 DCIR以电流变化造成的电压差来计算DCIR值，更贴近于电池连续电流应用的实际电阻效应，故动力电池 …
对于电池的内阻来说，几种不同的内阻测试方式的差异及应该场景 …
通常交流内阻是在1khz下测的，对应eis上1khz那个点的实部阻值；一般acr测试目的为检测欧姆内阻，比如焊接质量。 但是1kHZ的ACR不能完全等同于欧姆阻抗，还是要具体看下EIS上1kHZ …
甲状腺结节4类，代表什么含义? - 知乎
但需要注意的是，2017年acr（美国放射学会）版ti-rads的1级并非如此，它相当于我们平时常用分级中的2级，代表良性结节。 TI-RADS各分级对应的恶性概率 由于目前国内外并没有统一的TI …
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如何彻底清除360锁屏画报？ - 知乎
这个我会，我刚清除掉这个毒瘤，首先你先打开你的文件资源管理器，在搜索里搜360se，然后点开，里面有个文件夹叫application,点开，然后找到一个文件叫 360base.dll ，右键删除它，可 …
摄影后期为什么都用LR呢？用PS是否可以有一样的处理效果呢？
而且PS目前还是没办法处理RAW的（我用的2020 CC，还是需要转成tiff才能处理。这样如果我先用ACR去调色，然后进PS精修，结果出图前感觉色调还需要微调，然后再次导入ACR发现之 …
乳腺实质构成为C类是什么意思？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业 …
【买前必看】2025年最新AR眼镜对比测评：XREAL One、雷鸟air3 …
Mar 4, 2025 · 深度评测四款热门AR眼镜，分析其性能、设计和用户体验，帮助消费者做出明智选择。
为什么尿检很多指标会和肌酐作一个比值？ - 知乎
Oct 17, 2018 · 虽然也有报道认为acr同样有许多影响因素，如晨尿蛋白含量低，蛋白和肌酐检测方法本身误差的叠加等。目前仍认为尿acr检测值得采用，尤其对那些收集24小时尿液有困难者。
Camera Raw 和 Lightroom 有什么区别，哪个比较好用？ - 知乎
ACR （Adobe camera raw）和 Lr公用一套引擎，处理结果是一样的。 这里简单说说发展史，就明白这些产品的定位了： Photoshop的定位不仅仅是摄影作品处理，它其实包含了图片处理，移花接木， …
电池的 ACIR 和 DCIR 有什么区别？ - 知乎
acr用来评估影响瞬间输输出的传导性电阻，但无法评估包含电化学特性的输出电阻。 DCIR以电流变化造成的电压差来计算DCIR值，更贴近于电池连续电流应用的实际电阻效应，故动力电池或大功率能量型电 …
对于电池的内阻来说，几种不同的内阻测试方式的差异及应该场景是怎样的？ - 知乎
通常交流内阻是在1khz下测的，对应eis上1khz那个点的实部阻值；一般acr测试目的为检测欧姆内阻，比如焊接质量。 但是1kHZ的ACR不能完全等同于欧姆阻抗，还是要具体看下EIS上1kHZ点的位置，不 …
甲状腺结节4类，代表什么含义? - 知乎
但需要注意的是，2017年acr（美国放射学会）版ti-rads的1级并非如此，它相当于我们平时常用分级中的2级，代表良性结节。 TI-RADS各分级对应的恶性概率 由于目前国内外并没有统一的TI-RADS分级， …
