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| ayuda económica en new york: SSI in New York , 2000 |
| ayuda económica en new york: Buying Into Change Alejandro J. Gómez del Moral, 2021-05 Buying into Change examines how the development of a mass consumer society under the dictatorship of General Francisco Franco (1939–1975) inserted Spain into transnational consumer networks and set the stage for Spain’s transition to democracy during the late 1970s. This transition is broadly significant to both a Spanish public still struggling to redefine their society after Franco and to scholars who have long debated the origins of Spain’s current democracy, yet many aspects of it remain largely unexamined. Buying into Change incorporates mass consumption into our understanding of Spain’s democratic transition by tracing the spread and social impact of new foreign-influenced department stores, of imported innovations such as modern mass advertising, and of consumer magazines that promoted foreign products. Initially, these enterprises backed Franco’s conservative policies, and the regime in turn encouraged consumption in order to improve its image both domestically and abroad. Spain’s new globally oriented commerce ultimately sold retailers and shoppers not just foreign ways of buying and selling but also subversive ideas. Imported 1960s fashions brought along countercultural notions on issues such as gender equality. And as Spaniards consumed more like their foreign neighbors, they increasingly viewed themselves as cosmopolitan and European and identified with liberal political conditions abroad, undermining Francoism’s doctrine of national exceptionalism, thus laying the social foundations for democratization and European integration in Franco’s wake. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Carolina Marcial-Dorado. En español por New York, 5th Avenue Adelaida Sagarra Gamazo, 2017-11-15 |
| ayuda económica en new york: La comunidad internacional contemporánea Moisés Poblete Troncoso, 1958 |
| ayuda económica en new york: Contesting Trade in Central America Rose J. Spalding, 2014-04-15 In 2004, the United States, five Central American countries, and the Dominican Republic signed the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), signaling the region’s commitment to a neoliberal economic model. For many, however, neoliberalism had lost its luster as the new century dawned, and resistance movements began to gather force. Contesting Trade in Central America is the first book-length study of the debate over CAFTA, tracing the agreement’s drafting, its passage, and its aftermath across Central America. Rose J. Spalding draws on nearly two hundred interviews with representatives from government, business, civil society, and social movements to analyze the relationship between the advance of free market reform in Central America and the parallel rise of resistance movements. She views this dynamic through the lens of Karl Polanyi’s “double movement” theory, which posits that significant shifts toward market economics will trigger oppositional, self-protective social countermovements. Examining the negotiations, political dynamics, and agents involved in the passage of CAFTA in Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, Spalding argues that CAFTA served as a high-profile symbol against which Central American oppositions could rally. Ultimately, she writes, post-neoliberal reform “involves not just the design of appropriate policy mixes and sequences, but also the hard work of building sustainable and inclusive political coalitions, ones that prioritize the quality of social bonds over raw economic freedom.” |
| ayuda económica en new york: , |
| ayuda económica en new york: Back From the Future Susan Eva Eckstein, 2004-03-01 This book has long been regarded as the definitive history of Castro's communist regime, beginning in 1959 through the 1990s. This updated, second edition contains a new epilogue by the author that covers the last decade, including such newsworthy events as the Elian Gonzalez controversy, the growing immigrant community of Cuban-Americans in Florida, the role of Cuban-Americans in the 2000 presidential election, the withering U.S. sales embargo and the inevitable transition of power now that Castro is in his mid-70s. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Unexpected Prosperity Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez, 2021-09-02 Unexpected Propserity explains how Spain managed to avoid the middle income trap. With an original interpretation of the economic rise of Spain, Calvo-Gonzalez addresses questions about the political economy of reform, the role of industrial and public policy, and the enduring legacy of political violence and conflict. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Teaching Modernization Óscar J. Martín García, Lorenzo Delgado Gómez-Escalonilla, 2019-12-03 In the 1960s and 1970s, the educational systems in Spain and Latin America underwent comprehensive and ambitious reforms that took place amid a revolution of expectations arising from decolonization, global student protests, and the antagonism between capitalist and communist models of development. Deploying new archival research and innovative perspectives, the contributions to this volume examine the influence of transnational forces during the cultural Cold War. They shed new light on the roles played by the United States, non-state actors, international organizations and theories of modernization and human capital in educational reform efforts in the developing Hispanic world. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Gueto Mitchell Duneir, 2020-01-06 En marzo de 1516, el consejo de la ciudad de Venecia emitió un decreto que obligaba a los judíos a vivir en il geto, un barrio cerrado llamado así por la fundición de cobre que una vez ocupó el área. El término perduró. En este original relato, Duneier traza la idea del gueto, desde sus comienzos en el siglo XVI y su renacimiento de mano de los nazis hasta el presente. Para comprender los conflictos alrededor de la raza y la pobreza en Estados Unidos debemos recordar los guetos de Europa, así como los esfuerzos anteriores para comprender los problemas de la ciudad estadounidense. Gueto es la historia de los intelectuales y activistas que trataron de lograr ese entendimiento |
| ayuda económica en new york: Latin AmericaÕs Cold War Hal Brands, 2012-03-05 For Latin America, the Cold War was anything but cold. Nor was it the so-called Òlong peaceÓ afforded the worldÕs superpowers by their nuclear standoff. In this book, the first to take an international perspective on the postwar decades in the region, Hal Brands sets out to explain what exactly happened in Latin America during the Cold War, and why it was so traumatic. Tracing the tumultuous course of regional affairs from the late 1940s through the early 1990s, Latin AmericaÕs Cold War delves into the myriad crises and turning points of the periodÑthe Cuban revolution and its aftermath; the recurring cycles of insurgency and counter-insurgency; the emergence of currents like the National Security Doctrine, liberation theology, and dependency theory; the rise and demise of a hemispheric diplomatic challenge to U.S. hegemony in the 1970s; the conflagration that engulfed Central America from the Nicaraguan revolution onward; and the democratic and economic reforms of the 1980s. Most important, the book chronicles these events in a way that is both multinational and multilayered, weaving the experiences of a diverse cast of characters into an understanding of how global, regional, and local influences interacted to shape Cold War crises in Latin America. Ultimately, Brands exposes Latin AmericaÕs Cold War as not a single conflict, but rather a series of overlapping political, social, geostrategic, and ideological struggles whose repercussions can be felt to this day. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Forth and Back Cintia Santana, 2013-06-27 Forth and Back broadens the scope of Hispanic trans-Atlantic studies by shifting its focus to Spain’s trans-literary exchange with the United States at the end of the twentieth century. Santana analyzes the translation “boom” of U.S. literature that marked literary production in Spain after Franco’s death, and the central position that U.S. writing came to occupy within the Spanish literary system. Santana examines the economic and literary motives that underlay the phenomenon, as well as the particular socio-cultural appeal that U.S. “dirty realist” writers—which in Spain included authors as diverse as Charles Bukowski, Raymond Carver, and Bret Easton Ellis—held for Spaniards in the 1980s. Santana also studies the subsequent appropriation of this writing by a polemic group of young Spanish writers in the 1990s whoself-consciously and insistently associated themselves with the U.S. Forth and Back illustrates that literary movements do not unilaterally spread; rather, those that flourish take root in fertile soil and are transformed in their travel by the desires, creative choices, and practical constraints of their differing producers and consumers. It is precisely in the crossing of these currents that plots thicken. The translation of dirty realism, its reception in Spain, and its cultural legacy as appropriated by the young Spanish writers, serve to interrogate a perceived U.S. hegemony. If Spanish realismo sucio has been said to be symptomatic of the globalization of literature, Forth and Back argues that the Spanish works in question posed a subtle reaffirmation of Spanish literature’s strong ties to realist fiction, a gesture of continuity in a decade that seemed to presence the undoing of much of Spain’s “Spanish-ness.” Ultimately, this project asks an ambitious pair of questions at the heart of human culture: how do we “read” each other, quite literally, across geography and language? How do we construct others and ourselves vis-à-vis those readings? |
| ayuda económica en new york: Hispanic Americans in Congress, 1822-2012 Matthew Andrew Wasniewski, Albin Kowalewski, Laura Turner O'Hara, Terrance Rucker, 2013 A compilation of historical essays and short biographies about 91 Hispanic-Americans who served in Congress from 1822 to 2012--Provided by publisher. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Military Bases Luís Nuno Rodrigues, Sergiy Glebov, 2009 Military Bases: Historical Perspectives, Contemporary Challenges presents the results of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on Political and social impact of military bases: Historical Perspectives, Contemporary Challenges, an event that took place in Lisbon, December 2007. The ARW, a joint Portuguese-Ukrainian organization, was the final result of earlier collaboration between several researchers from different countries on the issue of military bases. The intention was to go beyond the traditional international relations approach and discuss military bases from more than the aspect of their strategic value. This work is divided into three separate sections. The first of these deals with the Cold War period, the second section is about the political and social impact of military bases. The third and final section addresses the issue of military basing in the greater Black Sea area. In each of these sections, the issue of military bases is studied and analyzed from several different theoretical and methodological perspectives. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Diplomacy and Strategy of Survival Denis Smyth, 1986-02-20 An analysis of Britain's diplomatic efforts to preserve the non-belligerency of Franco's Spain, during the period from late 1940 to the end of 1941. Making extensive use of recently available British and Spanish documentary records, Dr Smyth explains how Britain's uphill struggle to secure Spanish non-belligerency had been rewarded with success by December 1940. Ironically, British policy-makers were unaware of the earl), success of their efforts, so they remained alert throughout 1940-41 to the danger of sudden Spanish support for a German move across their territory to Gibraltar. The conclusion notes how continuing Spanish neutrality helped the British endure 'their finest hour' and the Franco regime to survive the destruction of its former Fascist patrons. |
| ayuda económica en new york: La historia interna del Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica (ALPI) Santi Cortés, 2011-11-28 Aquest llibre, que transcriu 322 cartes dels protagonistes de l'aventura científica que va ser ALPI - seleccionades entre més de mil localitzades en arxius públics i privats, i classificades cronològicament per períodes significatius-, és una història interna dels intents per a construir una parcel·la de la ciència lingüística, la dialectologia i la geografia lingüística, a l'altura del que existia en altres països europeus. El seu interès resideix no només en el valor testimonial que posseeixen els textos epistolars, que adonen dels fets esdevinguts durant més de mig segle entorn d'aquest projecte científic ambiciós, que va estar envoltat de mil incidents, el major dels quals va anar la gran tragèdia de la guerra civil espanyola i el posterior exili de gran part dels materials. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Liquid Power Erik Swyngedouw, 2015-04-24 An examination of the central role of water politics and engineering in Spain's modernization, illustrating water's part in forging, maintaining, and transforming social power. In this book, Erik Swyngedouw explores how water becomes part of the tumultuous processes of modernization and development. Using the experience of Spain as a lens to view the interplay of modernity and environmental transformation, Swyngedouw shows that every political project is also an environmental project. In 1898, Spain lost its last overseas colony, triggering a period of post-imperialist turmoil still referred to as El Disastre. Turning inward, the nation embarked on “regeneration” and modernization. Water played a central role in this; during a turbulent period from the twentieth century into the twenty-first—through the Franco years and into the new era of liberal democracy—Spain's waterscapes were completely transformed, with large-scale projects that ranged from dam construction to irrigation to desalinization. Swyngedouw describes the contested political-ecological process that marked this transformation, showing that the Spain's diverse and contested paths to modernization were predicated on particular trajectories of environmental transformation. After laying out his theoretical perspectives, Swyngedouw analyzes three periods of Spain's political-ecological modernization: the aspirations and stalled modernization of the early twentieth century; the accelerated efforts under the authoritarian Franco regime—which included six hundred dams, expanded hydroelectricity, and massive irrigation; and the changing hydro-social landscape under social democracy. Offering an innovative perspective on the relationship of nature and society, Liquid Power illuminates the political nature of nature. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Men at Work Cecile Jackson, 2013-10-23 Gender analysis of development focuses on gender relations, rather than women and men as separate gender categories, but it has necessarily been women-orientated in its concerns with subordination. This work moves gender analysis towards a fuller understanding of men's diverse gendered identities, and how these are implicated in their everyday working lives in developing country contexts. The questions addressed in the papers range from conceptual and methodological issues of definitions and measurement of men's work, to case studies of working men in specific settings, but all are concerned with the recognition of gendered vulnerabilities of (some) men as men, as well as with a re-thinking of gender relations in the light of consideration of the subjectivities of specific groups of men. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Sephardi, Jewish, Argentine Adriana M. Brodsky, 2016-10-31 “A much-needed monograph on the role of Sephardic Jews in Argentina, and . . . an important contribution to the study of Jews in Latin America overall” (Choice). At the turn of the twentieth century, Jews from North Africa and the Middle East were called Turcos (“Turks”). Seen as distinct from Ashkenazim, Sephardi Jews weren’t even identified as Jews. Yet the story of Sephardi Jewish identity has been deeply impactful on Jewish history across the world. Adriana M. Brodsky follows the history of Sephardim as they arrived in Argentina, created immigrant organizations, founded synagogues and cemeteries, and built strong ties with coreligionists around the country. Brodsky demonstrates how fragmentation based on areas of origin gave way to the gradual construction of a single Sephardi identity. This unifying identity is predicated both on Zionist identification (with the State of Israel) and “national” feelings (for Argentina), and that Sephardi Jews assumed leadership roles in national Jewish organizations once they integrated into the much larger Askenazi community. Rather than assume that Sephardi identity was fixed and unchanging, Brodsky highlights the strategic nature of this identity, constructed both from within the various Sephardi groups and from the outside, and reveals that Jewish identity must be understood as part of the process of becoming Argentine. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Hispanic Engineer & IT , 1991 Hispanic Engineer & Information Technology is a publication devoted to science and technology and to promoting opportunities in those fields for Hispanic Americans. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Leviathan Undone? Roger Keil, Rianne Mahon, 2010-01-01 Caught in the trap of the nation-state and frozen in postwar bloc logic, critical political economy has been found wanting when it comes to problematizing space and scale. Globalization and the rise of world cities and regions have shaken the discipline's foundations and fostered new interest in the concept of scale. Leviathan Undone? brings together leading theorists and scholars from a variety of disciplines to develop a new language to understand the spatial restructuring that has accompanied globalization. By treating scale as the core concept of our time, these innovative, groundbreaking essays bring a new sensibility to classical and contemporary concerns in Canadian and international political economy. |
| ayuda económica en new york: 100 Preguntas Y Respuestas Sobre Los Cuidados a Los Familiares O Amigos Con Cáncer Susannah L. Rose, Susannah Rose, Richard T. Hara, 2006 There are as many as 9 million cancer survivors in the United States. If you are one of the millions of people who need -- or want -- to support someone through the mental and physical ordeal of cancer, you now have help. Written by two professional cancer social workers whose day-to-day work with patients at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center makes them experts in the field, 100 Questions & Answers About Caring for Family or Friends with Cancer gives you the information you need to take on this challenge. In clear, practical, yet compassionate language, the authors provide essential answers to common caregivers' questions about finding the right doctor and treatment, emotional and physical support, insurance issues, relationships, finding care for the caregiver, and much more.Hay tantos como 9 millones de cáncer sobrevivientes en los Estados Unidos. Si usted es uno de la millona de personas que necesita -- o la necesidad -- sostener alguien por la prueba dura mental y física del cáncer, usted ahora tiene ayuda. Escrito por dos asistentees sociales profesionales del cáncer cuyo trabajo diario con pacientes en el Cáncer Conmemorativo de Sloan-Kettering las marcas Centrales ellos expertos en el campo, 100 Preguntas & las Respuestas acerca de Cuidar de la Familia o a Amigos con el Cáncer le dan la información usted necesita tomar este desafío. En el idioma claro, práctico mas compasivo, los autores les proporcionan las respuestas esenciales a preguntas comunes de cuidadores acerca de encontrar al médico y el tratamiento correctos, apoyo emocional y físico, los asuntos del seguro, las relaciones, encontrando el cuidado para el cuidador, y mucho más. Las puntas prácticas de estas personas enteradas profesionales proporcionan el consejo inapreciable para ayudar su adoró uno -- y usted -- por esta enfermedad espantosa. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Modern Latin America in Social Science Literature Richard Fritz Behrendt, 1950 |
| ayuda económica en new york: Administering Targeted Social Programs in Latin America Margaret E. Grosh, 1994-01-01 Global Environment Facility Working Paper 8. Describes the five key research areas to be addressed by the Program for Measuring Incremental Costs for the Environment (PRINCE). This paper outlines incremental cost concepts, operational interpretations, national climate change studies, country studies on ozone protection, and transaction costs. It also develops a broad interpretation of incremental cost that can be used across the range of issues covered by the Global Environment Facility (GEF). Those issues include global warming, pollution of international waters, destruction of biodiversity, and ozone depletion. This is one of five GEF Working Papers to explore the PRINCE program and is co-published with the United Nations Development Programme and the United Nations Environment Programme. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Research Anthology on Developing Socially Responsible Businesses Management Association, Information Resources, 2022-03-04 In today’s world of global change, it has never been more critical for businesses to adapt their strategies, management styles, and policies to match that of the surrounding environment. Consumers are increasingly becoming more aware of the impact that businesses and product consumption have on environmental health. Thus, businesses have had to alter their production workflows to better suit a more environmentally conscious customer base. As society faces numerous issues related to the environment, health, poverty, and social justice, the need for socially responsible businesses is crucial to develop and improve the overall landscape of the business field. The Research Anthology on Developing Socially Responsible Businesses discusses the best practices, challenges, opportunities, and benefits of creating socially responsible businesses and provides a context of why these business models are needed. This essential text also considers how society has changed over time and how businesses must adjust their ideals and practices in order to survive in a changing world. Covering a range of topics such as accountability, environmental issues, and human rights, this major reference work is ideal for business owners, managers, policymakers, academicians, researchers, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Sugar , 1926 |
| ayuda económica en new york: American Sugar Industry , 1920 |
| ayuda económica en new york: Nuevos horizontes del pasado: culturas políticas, identidades y formas de representación Ángeles Barrio, Jorge de Hoyos, Rebeca Saavedra, 2011-09-20 Los materiales que se recogen en esta edición testimonian la evolución del trabajo de los historiadores contemporaneistas, la situación de su profesión, los cambios experimentados en la historiografía, en la investigación y en el relato de nuestro pasado a la vez que ponen de manifiesto que la investigación que se está llevando a efecto es solvente y que su capacidad para integrarse en los mercados historiográficos internacionales es, cada vez, mayor. |
| ayuda económica en new york: En el trabajo Celeste Monforton, 2021-11-10 La inspiradora historia de los centros de trabajadores que están surgiendo en todo el país y que están transformando el movimiento laboral Para más de 60 millones de personas, el trabajo en los Estados Unidos ha sido una historia de salarios en declive, inseguridad y condiciones inseguras, especialmente en medio de la pandemia del coronavirus. Esta nueva y preocupante realidad ha galvanizado a los medios de comunicación y a los formuladores de políticas; pero al mismo tiempo, una historia diferente y poco conocida de resurgimiento y lucha se ha filtrado justo debajo de la superficie. En el trabajo es el primer relato de un nuevo tipo de movimiento laboral, uno que se está dando a nivel local, en silencio y entre los trabajadores más vulnerables, pero esenciales, del país. La renombrada experta en salud pública Celeste Monforton y la periodista galardonada Jane M. Von Bergen recorrieron el país, hablando con trabajadores de todas las trayectorias y revelando las historias de cientos de nuevas organizaciones lideradas por trabajadores (a menudo llamadas simplemente centros de trabajadores) que han logrado salarios más altos, condiciones laborales más seguras y dignidad en el lugar de trabajo para sus miembros. En el trabajo describe cómo la gente común encuentra su voz y desafía el poder: desde trabajadoras de limpieza en Chicago y Houston; hasta trabajadores de la industria avícola en St. Cloud, Minnesota, y Springdale, Arkansas; y trabajadores de la construcción en todo el estado de Texas. Un libro inspirador para estos tiempos, En el trabajo revela que el activismo laboral está vivo y en crecimiento—y posee la clave para un futuro diferente para todas las personas trabajadoras. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Pioneros puertorriqueÐos en Nueva York 1917-1947 JoaquÕn ColÑn, 2001-11-30 Joaquín Colón (1896-1964) was a Puerto Rican activist and writer who, in his later years, felt compelled to recount the history of the first large wave of Puerto Rican immigrants making a life for themselves in New York City. Here, published for the first time is the original Spanish-language manuscript he left behind, a document rich in detail and insight of the evocation of the previously unknown personalities who fought the struggles of labor and political organizing in the early century. The founder of important mutual aid societies, Hispanic political organizations and civic groups, Colón was an indefatigable fighter for Hispanic civic participation and suffrage. An early Hispanic activist in the Democratic Party of Brooklyn, Colón was a pioneer in organizing and motivating political action by Puerto Ricans, who were United States citizens, and in brokering their power for improvements in their lot as a national minority. Always at the center of community culture, Colón was an acclaimed speaker and a widely read columnist in Spanish-language newspapers, where he served as a public conscience writing under his own name, as well as under the pseudonyms of Tello Casiano, Momo, and Farallón. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Transformando la Villa 31 en Barrio Mugica Mariano Bernardez, 2024-02-13 Desde que la humanidad comenzó a vivir en ciudades, los problemas de viviendas urbanas superpobladas y con servicios inadecuados han sido parte de la vida urbana al comienzo de la historia. Ya en el año 3.000 a. C., la historia más antigua registrada en Egipto y Mesopotamia, y la Biblia menciona asentamientos informales. Los muros del Templo de Salomón en Jerusalén congregaban a vendedores ambulantes y vendedores ambulantes que vivían en asentamientos precarios. El siglo XXI ya es el primero en el que la población urbana cruzará el umbral de la mitad de la población mundial, incluso en los continentes menos poblados. El mundo avanza rápidamente hacia la urbanización máxima, que ya se ha completado en gran medida en Europa y América del Norte y del Sur. El crecimiento demográfico será absorbido principalmente por las ciudades del mundo en desarrollo, que duplicarán su tamaño para 2030. Tres cuartas partes del crecimiento se producirán en ciudades con entre 1 y 5 millones de habitantes o ciudades más pequeñas con menos de 500.000 habitantes. Hay poca o ninguna planificación para acoger a estas personas o proporcionarles servicios. En respuesta a este y otros desafíos de sostenibilidad, la Declaración del Milenio de las Naciones Unidas ha establecido metas para mejorar las vidas de al menos 100 millones de habitantes de barrios marginales para 2020 mediante la reducción de la pobreza y la mejora del agua y el saneamiento. |
| ayuda económica en new york: The Politics of Central American Integration Rafael A. Sánchez Sánchez, 2010-12-20 This book charts the key stages of Central American integration and demonstrates the advances and limitations of governments cooperating at a level of integration that goes beyond the confines of the nation-state. |
| ayuda económica en new york: The Circulation of Penicillin in Spain María Jesús Santesmases, 2017-12-18 This book reconstructs the early circulation of penicillin in Spain, a country exhausted by civil war (1936–1939), and oppressed by Franco’s dictatorship. Embedded in the post-war recovery, penicillin’s voyages through time and across geographies – professional, political and social – were both material and symbolic. This powerful antimicrobial captivated the imagination of the general public, medical practice, science and industry, creating high expectations among patients, who at times experienced little or no effect. Penicillin’s lack of efficacy against some microbes fueled the search for new wonder drugs and sustained a decades-long research agenda built on the post-war concept of development through scientific and technological achievements. This historical reconstruction of the social life of penicillin between the 1940s and 1980s – through the dictatorship to democratic transition – explores political, public, medical, experimental and gender issues, and the rise of antibiotic resistance. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Revista de educación nº 35-36 , |
| ayuda económica en new york: Hispanic Americans in Congress, 1822-2012 Congress, 2014-04-14 A compilation of historical essays and short biographies about 91 Hispanic-Americans who served in Congress from 1822 to 2012--Provided by publisher. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Latin America in the International Economy Rosemary Thorpd, 1973-01-01 |
| ayuda económica en new york: ¿Hacia un nuevo federalismo? Alicia Hernández Chávez, 2016-11-04 ¿Puede el federalismo dar cabida a la demanda más apremiante de la ciudadanía de hacer sentir su voz mediante el voto y dentro del marco de la ley? ¿Puede un nuevo federalismo generar mejores servicios públicos, empleos y abatir los niveles de pobreza y desigualdad causados por la globalización? Son éstas las interrogantes que llevaron a historiadores, politólogos y economistas a concebir un libro que analizara desde distintas perspectivas a cuatro países: México, Brasil, Canadá y Estados Unidos. |
| ayuda económica en new york: National Union Catalog , 1978 Includes entries for maps and atlases. |
| ayuda económica en new york: Market Justice Brent Z. Kaup, 2012-12-24 Market Justice explores the challenges for the new global left as it seeks to construct alternative means of societal organization. Focusing on Bolivia, Brent Z. Kaup examines a testing ground of neoliberal and counter-neoliberal policies and an exemplar of bottom-up globalization. Kaup argues that radical shifts towards and away from free market economic trajectories are not merely shaped by battles between transnational actors and local populations, but also by conflicts between competing domestic elites and the ability of the oppressed to overcome traditional class divides. Further, the author asserts that struggles against free markets are not evidence of opposition to globalization or transnational corporations. They should instead be understood as struggles over the forms of global integration and who benefits from them. |
| ayuda económica en new york: America's Leading Manufacturers , 1921 |
| ayuda economica en new york: SSI in New York , 2000 |
| ayuda economica en new york: Buying Into Change Alejandro J. Gómez del Moral, 2021-05 Buying into Change examines how the development of a mass consumer society under the dictatorship of General Francisco Franco (1939–1975) inserted Spain into transnational consumer networks and set the stage for Spain’s transition to democracy during the late 1970s. This transition is broadly significant to both a Spanish public still struggling to redefine their society after Franco and to scholars who have long debated the origins of Spain’s current democracy, yet many aspects of it remain largely unexamined. Buying into Change incorporates mass consumption into our understanding of Spain’s democratic transition by tracing the spread and social impact of new foreign-influenced department stores, of imported innovations such as modern mass advertising, and of consumer magazines that promoted foreign products. Initially, these enterprises backed Franco’s conservative policies, and the regime in turn encouraged consumption in order to improve its image both domestically and abroad. Spain’s new globally oriented commerce ultimately sold retailers and shoppers not just foreign ways of buying and selling but also subversive ideas. Imported 1960s fashions brought along countercultural notions on issues such as gender equality. And as Spaniards consumed more like their foreign neighbors, they increasingly viewed themselves as cosmopolitan and European and identified with liberal political conditions abroad, undermining Francoism’s doctrine of national exceptionalism, thus laying the social foundations for democratization and European integration in Franco’s wake. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Carolina Marcial-Dorado. En español por New York, 5th Avenue Adelaida Sagarra Gamazo, 2017-11-15 |
| ayuda economica en new york: La comunidad internacional contemporánea Moisés Poblete Troncoso, 1958 |
| ayuda economica en new york: Teaching Modernization Óscar J. Martín García, Lorenzo Delgado Gómez-Escalonilla, 2019-12-03 In the 1960s and 1970s, the educational systems in Spain and Latin America underwent comprehensive and ambitious reforms that took place amid a revolution of expectations arising from decolonization, global student protests, and the antagonism between capitalist and communist models of development. Deploying new archival research and innovative perspectives, the contributions to this volume examine the influence of transnational forces during the cultural Cold War. They shed new light on the roles played by the United States, non-state actors, international organizations and theories of modernization and human capital in educational reform efforts in the developing Hispanic world. |
| ayuda economica en new york: , |
| ayuda economica en new york: Back From the Future Susan Eva Eckstein, 2004-03-01 This book has long been regarded as the definitive history of Castro's communist regime, beginning in 1959 through the 1990s. This updated, second edition contains a new epilogue by the author that covers the last decade, including such newsworthy events as the Elian Gonzalez controversy, the growing immigrant community of Cuban-Americans in Florida, the role of Cuban-Americans in the 2000 presidential election, the withering U.S. sales embargo and the inevitable transition of power now that Castro is in his mid-70s. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Gueto Mitchell Duneir, 2020-01-06 En marzo de 1516, el consejo de la ciudad de Venecia emitió un decreto que obligaba a los judíos a vivir en il geto, un barrio cerrado llamado así por la fundición de cobre que una vez ocupó el área. El término perduró. En este original relato, Duneier traza la idea del gueto, desde sus comienzos en el siglo XVI y su renacimiento de mano de los nazis hasta el presente. Para comprender los conflictos alrededor de la raza y la pobreza en Estados Unidos debemos recordar los guetos de Europa, así como los esfuerzos anteriores para comprender los problemas de la ciudad estadounidense. Gueto es la historia de los intelectuales y activistas que trataron de lograr ese entendimiento |
| ayuda economica en new york: Unexpected Prosperity Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez, 2021-09-02 Unexpected Propserity explains how Spain managed to avoid the middle income trap. With an original interpretation of the economic rise of Spain, Calvo-Gonzalez addresses questions about the political economy of reform, the role of industrial and public policy, and the enduring legacy of political violence and conflict. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Latin AmericaÕs Cold War Hal Brands, 2012-03-05 For Latin America, the Cold War was anything but cold. Nor was it the so-called Òlong peaceÓ afforded the worldÕs superpowers by their nuclear standoff. In this book, the first to take an international perspective on the postwar decades in the region, Hal Brands sets out to explain what exactly happened in Latin America during the Cold War, and why it was so traumatic. Tracing the tumultuous course of regional affairs from the late 1940s through the early 1990s, Latin AmericaÕs Cold War delves into the myriad crises and turning points of the periodÑthe Cuban revolution and its aftermath; the recurring cycles of insurgency and counter-insurgency; the emergence of currents like the National Security Doctrine, liberation theology, and dependency theory; the rise and demise of a hemispheric diplomatic challenge to U.S. hegemony in the 1970s; the conflagration that engulfed Central America from the Nicaraguan revolution onward; and the democratic and economic reforms of the 1980s. Most important, the book chronicles these events in a way that is both multinational and multilayered, weaving the experiences of a diverse cast of characters into an understanding of how global, regional, and local influences interacted to shape Cold War crises in Latin America. Ultimately, Brands exposes Latin AmericaÕs Cold War as not a single conflict, but rather a series of overlapping political, social, geostrategic, and ideological struggles whose repercussions can be felt to this day. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Diplomacy and Strategy of Survival Denis Smyth, 1986-02-20 An analysis of Britain's diplomatic efforts to preserve the non-belligerency of Franco's Spain, during the period from late 1940 to the end of 1941. Making extensive use of recently available British and Spanish documentary records, Dr Smyth explains how Britain's uphill struggle to secure Spanish non-belligerency had been rewarded with success by December 1940. Ironically, British policy-makers were unaware of the earl), success of their efforts, so they remained alert throughout 1940-41 to the danger of sudden Spanish support for a German move across their territory to Gibraltar. The conclusion notes how continuing Spanish neutrality helped the British endure 'their finest hour' and the Franco regime to survive the destruction of its former Fascist patrons. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Integrating Southern Europe Otto Holman, 2005-06-28 Integrating Southern Europe presents a stimulating comparative analysis of the position of Spain within the European Community and within the global economy. It combines a historical perspective with an analysis of the process of the democratization in Southern Europe and of Spain's increasingly trans-European outlook. |
| ayuda economica en new york: The Circulation of Penicillin in Spain María Jesús Santesmases, 2017-12-18 This book reconstructs the early circulation of penicillin in Spain, a country exhausted by civil war (1936–1939), and oppressed by Franco’s dictatorship. Embedded in the post-war recovery, penicillin’s voyages through time and across geographies – professional, political and social – were both material and symbolic. This powerful antimicrobial captivated the imagination of the general public, medical practice, science and industry, creating high expectations among patients, who at times experienced little or no effect. Penicillin’s lack of efficacy against some microbes fueled the search for new wonder drugs and sustained a decades-long research agenda built on the post-war concept of development through scientific and technological achievements. This historical reconstruction of the social life of penicillin between the 1940s and 1980s – through the dictatorship to democratic transition – explores political, public, medical, experimental and gender issues, and the rise of antibiotic resistance. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Forth and Back Cintia Santana, 2013-06-27 Forth and Back broadens the scope of Hispanic trans-Atlantic studies by shifting its focus to Spain’s trans-literary exchange with the United States at the end of the twentieth century. Santana analyzes the translation “boom” of U.S. literature that marked literary production in Spain after Franco’s death, and the central position that U.S. writing came to occupy within the Spanish literary system. Santana examines the economic and literary motives that underlay the phenomenon, as well as the particular socio-cultural appeal that U.S. “dirty realist” writers—which in Spain included authors as diverse as Charles Bukowski, Raymond Carver, and Bret Easton Ellis—held for Spaniards in the 1980s. Santana also studies the subsequent appropriation of this writing by a polemic group of young Spanish writers in the 1990s whoself-consciously and insistently associated themselves with the U.S. Forth and Back illustrates that literary movements do not unilaterally spread; rather, those that flourish take root in fertile soil and are transformed in their travel by the desires, creative choices, and practical constraints of their differing producers and consumers. It is precisely in the crossing of these currents that plots thicken. The translation of dirty realism, its reception in Spain, and its cultural legacy as appropriated by the young Spanish writers, serve to interrogate a perceived U.S. hegemony. If Spanish realismo sucio has been said to be symptomatic of the globalization of literature, Forth and Back argues that the Spanish works in question posed a subtle reaffirmation of Spanish literature’s strong ties to realist fiction, a gesture of continuity in a decade that seemed to presence the undoing of much of Spain’s “Spanish-ness.” Ultimately, this project asks an ambitious pair of questions at the heart of human culture: how do we “read” each other, quite literally, across geography and language? How do we construct others and ourselves vis-à-vis those readings? |
| ayuda economica en new york: Research Anthology on Developing Socially Responsible Businesses Management Association, Information Resources, 2022-03-04 In today’s world of global change, it has never been more critical for businesses to adapt their strategies, management styles, and policies to match that of the surrounding environment. Consumers are increasingly becoming more aware of the impact that businesses and product consumption have on environmental health. Thus, businesses have had to alter their production workflows to better suit a more environmentally conscious customer base. As society faces numerous issues related to the environment, health, poverty, and social justice, the need for socially responsible businesses is crucial to develop and improve the overall landscape of the business field. The Research Anthology on Developing Socially Responsible Businesses discusses the best practices, challenges, opportunities, and benefits of creating socially responsible businesses and provides a context of why these business models are needed. This essential text also considers how society has changed over time and how businesses must adjust their ideals and practices in order to survive in a changing world. Covering a range of topics such as accountability, environmental issues, and human rights, this major reference work is ideal for business owners, managers, policymakers, academicians, researchers, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students. |
| ayuda economica en new york: The Politics of Central American Integration Rafael A. Sánchez Sánchez, 2010-12-20 This book charts the key stages of Central American integration and demonstrates the advances and limitations of governments cooperating at a level of integration that goes beyond the confines of the nation-state. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Hispanic Americans in Congress, 1822-2012 Matthew Andrew Wasniewski, Albin Kowalewski, Laura Turner O'Hara, Terrance Rucker, 2013 A compilation of historical essays and short biographies about 91 Hispanic-Americans who served in Congress from 1822 to 2012--Provided by publisher. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Leviathan Undone? Roger Keil, Rianne Mahon, 2010-01-01 Caught in the trap of the nation-state and frozen in postwar bloc logic, critical political economy has been found wanting when it comes to problematizing space and scale. Globalization and the rise of world cities and regions have shaken the discipline's foundations and fostered new interest in the concept of scale. Leviathan Undone? brings together leading theorists and scholars from a variety of disciplines to develop a new language to understand the spatial restructuring that has accompanied globalization. By treating scale as the core concept of our time, these innovative, groundbreaking essays bring a new sensibility to classical and contemporary concerns in Canadian and international political economy. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Military Bases Luís Nuno Rodrigues, Sergiy Glebov, 2009 Military Bases: Historical Perspectives, Contemporary Challenges presents the results of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on Political and social impact of military bases: Historical Perspectives, Contemporary Challenges, an event that took place in Lisbon, December 2007. The ARW, a joint Portuguese-Ukrainian organization, was the final result of earlier collaboration between several researchers from different countries on the issue of military bases. The intention was to go beyond the traditional international relations approach and discuss military bases from more than the aspect of their strategic value. This work is divided into three separate sections. The first of these deals with the Cold War period, the second section is about the political and social impact of military bases. The third and final section addresses the issue of military basing in the greater Black Sea area. In each of these sections, the issue of military bases is studied and analyzed from several different theoretical and methodological perspectives. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Children Learn by Observing and Contributing to Family and Community Endeavors: A Cultural Paradigm , 2015-12-08 Children Learn by Observing and Contributing to Family and Community Endeavors, the latest in the Advances in Child Development and Behavior Series provides a major step forward in highlighting patterns and variability in the normative development of the everyday lives of children, expanding beyond the usual research populations that have extensive Western schooling in common. The book documents the organization of children's learning and social lives, especially among children whose families have historical roots in the Americas (North, Central, and South), where children traditionally are included and contribute to the activities of their families and communities, and where Western schooling is a recent foreign influence. The findings and theoretical arguments highlight a coherent picture of the importance of the development of children's participation in ongoing activity as presented by authors with extensive experience living and working in such communities. - Contains contributions from leading authorities in the field of child development and behavior - Presents a coherent picture of the importance of the development of children's participation in ongoing activity - Provides a major step forward in highlighting patterns and variability in the normative development of the everyday lives of children, expanding beyond the usual research populations that have extensive Western schooling in common - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field |
| ayuda economica en new york: Dictionary Catalog of the Research Libraries of the New York Public Library, 1911-1971 New York Public Library. Research Libraries, 1979 |
| ayuda economica en new york: En el trabajo Celeste Monforton, 2021-11-10 La inspiradora historia de los centros de trabajadores que están surgiendo en todo el país y que están transformando el movimiento laboral Para más de 60 millones de personas, el trabajo en los Estados Unidos ha sido una historia de salarios en declive, inseguridad y condiciones inseguras, especialmente en medio de la pandemia del coronavirus. Esta nueva y preocupante realidad ha galvanizado a los medios de comunicación y a los formuladores de políticas; pero al mismo tiempo, una historia diferente y poco conocida de resurgimiento y lucha se ha filtrado justo debajo de la superficie. En el trabajo es el primer relato de un nuevo tipo de movimiento laboral, uno que se está dando a nivel local, en silencio y entre los trabajadores más vulnerables, pero esenciales, del país. La renombrada experta en salud pública Celeste Monforton y la periodista galardonada Jane M. Von Bergen recorrieron el país, hablando con trabajadores de todas las trayectorias y revelando las historias de cientos de nuevas organizaciones lideradas por trabajadores (a menudo llamadas simplemente centros de trabajadores) que han logrado salarios más altos, condiciones laborales más seguras y dignidad en el lugar de trabajo para sus miembros. En el trabajo describe cómo la gente común encuentra su voz y desafía el poder: desde trabajadoras de limpieza en Chicago y Houston; hasta trabajadores de la industria avícola en St. Cloud, Minnesota, y Springdale, Arkansas; y trabajadores de la construcción en todo el estado de Texas. Un libro inspirador para estos tiempos, En el trabajo revela que el activismo laboral está vivo y en crecimiento—y posee la clave para un futuro diferente para todas las personas trabajadoras. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Nuevos horizontes del pasado: culturas políticas, identidades y formas de representación Ángeles Barrio, Jorge de Hoyos, Rebeca Saavedra, 2011-09-20 Los materiales que se recogen en esta edición testimonian la evolución del trabajo de los historiadores contemporaneistas, la situación de su profesión, los cambios experimentados en la historiografía, en la investigación y en el relato de nuestro pasado a la vez que ponen de manifiesto que la investigación que se está llevando a efecto es solvente y que su capacidad para integrarse en los mercados historiográficos internacionales es, cada vez, mayor. |
| ayuda economica en new york: 100 Preguntas Y Respuestas Sobre Los Cuidados a Los Familiares O Amigos Con Cáncer Susannah L. Rose, Susannah Rose, Richard T. Hara, 2006 There are as many as 9 million cancer survivors in the United States. If you are one of the millions of people who need -- or want -- to support someone through the mental and physical ordeal of cancer, you now have help. Written by two professional cancer social workers whose day-to-day work with patients at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center makes them experts in the field, 100 Questions & Answers About Caring for Family or Friends with Cancer gives you the information you need to take on this challenge. In clear, practical, yet compassionate language, the authors provide essential answers to common caregivers' questions about finding the right doctor and treatment, emotional and physical support, insurance issues, relationships, finding care for the caregiver, and much more.Hay tantos como 9 millones de cáncer sobrevivientes en los Estados Unidos. Si usted es uno de la millona de personas que necesita -- o la necesidad -- sostener alguien por la prueba dura mental y física del cáncer, usted ahora tiene ayuda. Escrito por dos asistentees sociales profesionales del cáncer cuyo trabajo diario con pacientes en el Cáncer Conmemorativo de Sloan-Kettering las marcas Centrales ellos expertos en el campo, 100 Preguntas & las Respuestas acerca de Cuidar de la Familia o a Amigos con el Cáncer le dan la información usted necesita tomar este desafío. En el idioma claro, práctico mas compasivo, los autores les proporcionan las respuestas esenciales a preguntas comunes de cuidadores acerca de encontrar al médico y el tratamiento correctos, apoyo emocional y físico, los asuntos del seguro, las relaciones, encontrando el cuidado para el cuidador, y mucho más. Las puntas prácticas de estas personas enteradas profesionales proporcionan el consejo inapreciable para ayudar su adoró uno -- y usted -- por esta enfermedad espantosa. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Roosevelt and Franco during the Second World War J. Thomàs, 2008-12-08 This book examines the internal controversies of the Roosevelt administration in connection with Spain during World War II, the role of the President in these controversies, and the foundations of the policy that was followed from the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War until the launching of Operation Torch in 1942. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Hispanic Americans in Congress, 1822-2012 Congress, 2014-04-14 A compilation of historical essays and short biographies about 91 Hispanic-Americans who served in Congress from 1822 to 2012--Provided by publisher. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Clientelism in Everyday Latin American Politics T. Hilgers, 2012-12-05 This book improves understandings of how and why clientelism endures in Latin America and why state policy is often ineffective. Political scientists and sociologists, the contributors employ ethnography, targeted interviews, case studies, within-case and regional comparison, thick descriptions, and process tracing. |
| ayuda economica en new york: La historia interna del Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica (ALPI) Santi Cortés, 2011-11-28 Aquest llibre, que transcriu 322 cartes dels protagonistes de l'aventura científica que va ser ALPI - seleccionades entre més de mil localitzades en arxius públics i privats, i classificades cronològicament per períodes significatius-, és una història interna dels intents per a construir una parcel·la de la ciència lingüística, la dialectologia i la geografia lingüística, a l'altura del que existia en altres països europeus. El seu interès resideix no només en el valor testimonial que posseeixen els textos epistolars, que adonen dels fets esdevinguts durant més de mig segle entorn d'aquest projecte científic ambiciós, que va estar envoltat de mil incidents, el major dels quals va anar la gran tragèdia de la guerra civil espanyola i el posterior exili de gran part dels materials. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Hispanic Engineer & IT , 1991 Hispanic Engineer & Information Technology is a publication devoted to science and technology and to promoting opportunities in those fields for Hispanic Americans. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Liquid Power Erik Swyngedouw, 2015-04-24 An examination of the central role of water politics and engineering in Spain's modernization, illustrating water's part in forging, maintaining, and transforming social power. In this book, Erik Swyngedouw explores how water becomes part of the tumultuous processes of modernization and development. Using the experience of Spain as a lens to view the interplay of modernity and environmental transformation, Swyngedouw shows that every political project is also an environmental project. In 1898, Spain lost its last overseas colony, triggering a period of post-imperialist turmoil still referred to as El Disastre. Turning inward, the nation embarked on “regeneration” and modernization. Water played a central role in this; during a turbulent period from the twentieth century into the twenty-first—through the Franco years and into the new era of liberal democracy—Spain's waterscapes were completely transformed, with large-scale projects that ranged from dam construction to irrigation to desalinization. Swyngedouw describes the contested political-ecological process that marked this transformation, showing that the Spain's diverse and contested paths to modernization were predicated on particular trajectories of environmental transformation. After laying out his theoretical perspectives, Swyngedouw analyzes three periods of Spain's political-ecological modernization: the aspirations and stalled modernization of the early twentieth century; the accelerated efforts under the authoritarian Franco regime—which included six hundred dams, expanded hydroelectricity, and massive irrigation; and the changing hydro-social landscape under social democracy. Offering an innovative perspective on the relationship of nature and society, Liquid Power illuminates the political nature of nature. |
| ayuda economica en new york: El principio de igualdad en la actividad financiera. Luis Fernando López Roca, 2012-01-01 Este libro ofrece un prolijo y detallado estudio de diversos aspectos del derecho financiero bancario y su relación con la Constitución Política, sobre todo con el derecho de igualdad. La investigación se enfoca en dos problemas: el primero, los límites que el derecho a la igualdad impone a la libertad de los bancos e instituciones financieras para permitir el acceso a los servicios financieros, y la incompatibilidad con la Constitución de una política que privilegie el salvamento mediante la utilización de recursos públicos a entidades financieras consideradas de mayor tamaño (llamadas too big to fail), que, a su vez, implique dejar quebrar a las pequeñas con perjuicio para sus ahorradores. Este trato diferenciado de los bancos, considerado en otros países como una medida posible en tiempos de crisis, no tiene justificación teórica, máxime si en uno y otro caso se trata de entidades sometidas a la inspección y vigilancia del Estado. Entre estos dos aspectos centrales, el libro, además, lleva a cabo una detallada descripción crítica del sistema financiero y de sus funciones, al tiempo que discute la fundamentación y la estructura del principio de igualdad como pieza clave de nuestro sistema constitucional; así mismo, analiza la naturaleza de las distintas formas de regulación financiera, y, ante la calificación que la Corte Constitucional ha hecho de la actividad financiera como servicio público, reivindica la naturaleza de actividad de interés público que la Constitución le reconoce de manera expresa. En estos temas el lector encontrará importantes reflexiones y propuestas del mayor interés en cuanto a la forma de entender aspectos cruciales del derecho financiero a la luz de la Constitución. |
| ayuda economica en new york: REOP - Octubre/Diciembre 1972 , |
| ayuda economica en new york: Revista de educación nº 35-36 , |
| ayuda economica en new york: National Union Catalog , 1978 Includes entries for maps and atlases. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Taxation and Inequality in Latin America Philip Fehling, Hans-Jürgen Burchardt, 2023-05-12 Taxation and Inequality in Latin America takes a heterodox political economy approach, focusing on Latin America, where current problems of taxation have existed for a century and great wealth contrasts with abject poverty. The book analyzes the relation of natural resource wealth, allocational politics and the limited role of taxation for redistribution, and progressive resource mobilization. By drawing on the political economy of tax regimes, the book considers the specific conditions of taxation in Latin America, which apply to a large part of the Global South and more than 100 countries specializing in the extraction and export of raw materials. This book will cover: taxation and the dominance of raw material export sectors; taxation and allocational politics; new perspectives on political economy and tax regimes. Scholars and advanced students of political economy, political science, development studies, and fiscal sociology will find several key issues in tax research from a novel angle. The book provides an analytical orientation that relates central questions of taxation to patterns of regional political economy, thereby opening up the debate with tax scholars from other world regions of the Global South. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Basque Immigrants and Nevada's Sheep Industry Iker Saitua, 2019-03-20 Basque Immigrants and Nevada’s Sheep Industry is a rich and complex exploration of the history of Basque immigration to the rangelands of Nevada and the interior West. It looks critically at the Basque sheepherders in the American West and more broadly at the modern history of American foreign relations with Spain after the Second World War. Between the 1880s and the 1950s, the western open-range sheep industry was the original economic attraction for Basque immigrants. This engaging study tracks the development of the Basque presence in the American West, providing deep detail about the sheepherders’ history, native and local culture, the challenges they faced, and the changing conditions under which the Basques lived and worked. Saitua also shows how Basque immigrant sheepherders went from being a marginalized labor group to a desirable, high-priced workforce in response to the constant demand for their labor power. As the twentieth century progressed, the geopolitical tide in America began to change. In 1924, the Restrictive Immigration Act resulted in a truncated labor supply from the Basque Country in Spain. During the Great Depression and the Second World War, the labor shortage became acute. In response, Senator Patrick McCarran from Nevada lobbied on behalf of his wool-growing constituency to open immigration doors for Basques, the most desirable laborers for tending sheep in remote places. Subsequently, Cold War international tensions offered opportunities for a reconciliation between the United States and Francisco Franco, despite Spain’s previous sympathy with the Axis powers. This fresh portrayal shows how Basque immigrants became the backbone of the sheep industry in Nevada. It also contributes to a wider understanding of the significance of Basque immigration by exploring the role of Basque agricultural labor in the United States, the economic interests of Western ranchers, and McCarran’s diplomacy as catalysts that eventually helped bring Spain into the orbit of western democracies. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Latin America in the International Economy Rosemary Thorpd, 1973-01-01 |
| ayuda economica en new york: Transformando la Villa 31 en Barrio Mugica Mariano Bernardez, 2024-02-13 Desde que la humanidad comenzó a vivir en ciudades, los problemas de viviendas urbanas superpobladas y con servicios inadecuados han sido parte de la vida urbana al comienzo de la historia. Ya en el año 3.000 a. C., la historia más antigua registrada en Egipto y Mesopotamia, y la Biblia menciona asentamientos informales. Los muros del Templo de Salomón en Jerusalén congregaban a vendedores ambulantes y vendedores ambulantes que vivían en asentamientos precarios. El siglo XXI ya es el primero en el que la población urbana cruzará el umbral de la mitad de la población mundial, incluso en los continentes menos poblados. El mundo avanza rápidamente hacia la urbanización máxima, que ya se ha completado en gran medida en Europa y América del Norte y del Sur. El crecimiento demográfico será absorbido principalmente por las ciudades del mundo en desarrollo, que duplicarán su tamaño para 2030. Tres cuartas partes del crecimiento se producirán en ciudades con entre 1 y 5 millones de habitantes o ciudades más pequeñas con menos de 500.000 habitantes. Hay poca o ninguna planificación para acoger a estas personas o proporcionarles servicios. En respuesta a este y otros desafíos de sostenibilidad, la Declaración del Milenio de las Naciones Unidas ha establecido metas para mejorar las vidas de al menos 100 millones de habitantes de barrios marginales para 2020 mediante la reducción de la pobreza y la mejora del agua y el saneamiento. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Market Justice Brent Z. Kaup, 2012-12-24 Market Justice explores the challenges for the new global left as it seeks to construct alternative means of societal organization. Focusing on Bolivia, Brent Z. Kaup examines a testing ground of neoliberal and counter-neoliberal policies and an exemplar of bottom-up globalization. Kaup argues that radical shifts towards and away from free market economic trajectories are not merely shaped by battles between transnational actors and local populations, but also by conflicts between competing domestic elites and the ability of the oppressed to overcome traditional class divides. Further, the author asserts that struggles against free markets are not evidence of opposition to globalization or transnational corporations. They should instead be understood as struggles over the forms of global integration and who benefits from them. |
| ayuda economica en new york: Solicitud de ayuda federal estudiantil , 1992 |
Ayuda | Spanish to English Translation - SpanishDictionary.com
Translate Ayuda. See 5 authoritative translations of Ayuda in English with example sentences, phrases and audio pronunciations.
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Ayuda | Spanish to English Translation - SpanishDictiona…
Translate Ayuda. See 5 authoritative translations of Ayuda in English with example sentences, phrases and …
Ayuda de Google
Esta información y este contenido de ayuda Experiencia general del Centro de Ayuda. Aplicaciones de Google.
Ayuda de Cuenta de Google
Ayuda de Cuenta de Google en donde podrás aprender cómo recuperar tu Cuenta, mantenerla segura y saber …
Ayuda de Google Play
Centro de asistencia oficial de Google Play donde puedes encontrar sugerencias y tutoriales para aprender a utilizar el producto y respuestas a …
Descargar e instalar Google Chrome
Puedes descargar e instalar el navegador web Chrome sin coste económico y usarlo para navegar por la Web. Cómo instalar Chrome …
