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| bailey cynthia political party: The Almanac Of Women And Minorities In American Politics 2002 Mart Martin, 2018-04-24 Who was the first African-American senator? Who was the first woman to cast a vote in the New World? Have any gays or lesbians held state-wide office? Was 2000 a good year for women and minority office seekers? The answers to these questions are here in The Almanac of Women and Minorities in American Politics 2002. The culmination of Mart Martin's years of diligent research, this is the first comprehensive single-volume reference to all women, African-Americans, Hispanics, Asian-Americans, native minorities, gays, and lesbians who have served in state or national elected positions, with additional information on local elected positions. This valuable resource provides a complete, non-partisan reference on the political accomplishments of these people, as opposed to taking a biographical approach. In this volume, Mart Martin details which women and minority candidates succeeded in being elected or appointed in 2000 at the federal and state levels throughout the United States. This 2002 edition is thoroughly updated in each of the major content sections on Women, African-Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans Native Minorities, and Gay and Lesbians. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Women in American Politics: History and Milestones Doris Weatherford, 2012-01-20 Women in American Politics is a new reference detailing the milestones and trends in women's political participation in the United States. This two-volume work provides much needed perspective and background on the events and situations that have surrounded women's political activities. It offers insightful analysis on women's political achievements in the United States, including such topics as the campaign to secure nation-wide suffrage; pioneer women state officeholders; women first elected to U.S. Congress, governorships, mayoralties, and other offices; and women first appointed as Cabinet officials, judges, and ambassadors. It also includes profiles of the women who have run for vice president and president. Women in American Politics is organized in a framework both logical and useful to readers and researchers. Original material offers students, scholars, teachers, and other professionals a guide to understanding the complex struggle in women's progress toward achieving political parity with men in the United States. Each chapter is structured in three parts: - part one features graphic information-tables, lists, charts, or maps-detailing the historical record with data not compiled anywhere else, on women officeholders. - part two offers insightful narrative analysis describing how women achieved what they did, examines the complex and sometimes contradictory trends behind the facts of women's political milestones, and explores how social and economic contexts affected the progress of their accomplishments. - part three presents biographical entries describing in more personal terms women's struggle for political equality. Sidebars in each chapter illuminate the drama of political life and consider the evolving female electorate, exploring how women voters have impacted particular issues, specific elections, or other key turning points, and the tradition of appointing widows to open seats. The final chapter uniquely looks at women's political history and differences in achievement from a state and regional perspective. Entries on each state (as well as on District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) highlight milestones and provide insight into the unique aspects of each state. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Party Politics in a Himalayan State Ranbir Sharma, 1977 On the political developments in Himachal Pradesh, 1948-1972. |
| bailey cynthia political party: The Bibles of the Far Right Hannah M. Strømmen, 2024 The Bibles of the Far Right is about a far-right worldview that has taken hold in contemporary Europe. It focuses on the role Bibles have come to play in this worldview. Starting with the case of far-right terrorism in Norway in 2011, the study argues that particular perceptions of the Bible and particular uses of biblical texts have been significant in calls to protect Europe against Islam. This study proposes new ways to understand political Bible-use today in order to respond to violence inspired by biblical texts. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Men of Progress Edwin Monroe Bacon, 1896 The 1896 published volume has addenda and errata on p. [1017]-1119. |
| bailey cynthia political party: A Standard History of Oklahoma Joseph Bradfield Thoburn, 1916 |
| bailey cynthia political party: Urban Politics J. Bellush, Dick Netzer, 2019-07-23 In many respects, New York City is an unnatural wonder, quite unlike any other American city and also unlike megacities in other industrial countries. Its government and politics, its physical attributes-like the celebrated skyline and high population density-and many of its social characteristics-like the extraordinarily high percentage of the city's population that is foreign-born-are different. But New York City at the same time shares with other American cities an array of political and governmental institutions, practices, traditions, and pressures, ranging from the long dominance and then long decline in the role of party organizations in local government to the city's ultimate dependence on outside actors and forces to shape its political destiny. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Latin American Politics and Society Gerardo L. Munck, Juan Pablo Luna, 2022-06-09 An engaging introduction to Latin America with a fresh, thematic approach to key political and social issues. This accessible undergraduate textbook examines the entirety of the region, addressing complex issues in a clear and direct manner. Grounded in cutting-edge research and data, concepts are illustrated through tables, maps, and timelines. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Official Congressional Directory United States. Congress, 2012-01-18 Contains biographies of Senators, members of Congress, and the Judiciary. Also includes committee assignments, maps of Congressional districts, a directory of officials of executive agencies, addresses, telephone and fax numbers, web addresses, and other information. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Women and Politics Lynne Ford, 2018-05-15 Women and Politics is a comprehensive examination of women's use of politics in pursuit of gender equality. How can demands for gender equality be reconciled with sex differences? Resolving this paradoxical question has proceeded along two paths: the legal equality doctrine, which emphasizes gender neutrality, and the fairness doctrine, which recognizes differences between men and women. The text's clear analysis and presentation of theory and history helps students to think critically about the difficulties faced by women in politics, and about how public policies in education, labour and the economy, and family and fertility, impact gender equality. The fully-revised fourth edition explores new critical perspectives, recent political events, and current challenges to gender equality, including the 2016 presidential election and Hillary Clinton's candidacy, the fight for equal pay and paid leave, and the debate over reproductive rights and campus sexual assault. It also includes current scholarship on the intersections of race, class, and gender, and expanded coverage of minority women, women in the military, and conservative women. This text, and its two-path framework, is essential to understanding women's pursuit of equality via the political system. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Battling Bella Leandra Ruth Zarnow, 2019-11-26 Bella Abzug’s promotion of women’s and gay rights, universal childcare, green energy, and more provoked not only fierce opposition from Republicans but a split within her own party. The story of this notorious, galvanizing force in the Democrats’ “New Politics” insurgency is a biography for our times. Before Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Elizabeth Warren, or Hillary Clinton, there was New York’s Bella Abzug. With a fiery rhetorical style forged in the 1960s antiwar movement, Abzug vigorously promoted gender parity, economic justice, and the need to “bring Congress back to the people.” The 1970 congressional election season saw Abzug, in her trademark broad-brimmed hats, campaigning on the slogan “This Woman’s Place Is in the House—the House of Representatives.” Having won her seat, she advanced the feminist agenda in ways big and small, from gaining full access for congresswomen to the House swimming pool to cofounding the National Women’s Political Caucus to putting the title “Ms.” into the political lexicon. Beyond women’s rights, “Sister Bella” promoted gay rights, privacy rights, and human rights, and pushed legislation relating to urban, environmental, and foreign affairs. Her stint in Congress lasted just six years—it ended when she decided to seek the Democrats’ 1976 New York Senate nomination, a race she lost to Daniel Patrick Moynihan by less than 1 percent. Their primary contest, while gendered, was also an ideological struggle for the heart of the Democratic Party. Abzug’s protest politics had helped for a time to shift the center of politics to the left, but her progressive positions also fueled a backlash from conservatives who thought change was going too far. This deeply researched political biography highlights how, as 1960s radicalism moved protest into electoral politics, Abzug drew fire from establishment politicians across the political spectrum—but also inspired a generation of women. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Peasants, Politics and Revolution Joel S. Migdal, 2015-03-08 During the last quarter century, peasant participation in politics has increased markedly in parts of Latin America and Asia. Why the poor and vulnerable peasant population has chosen to leave the confines of the village for political activity and at times for sustained revolution is the question this book explores. The author draws on informal interviews and observation of peasants in Mexico and India and on fifty-one community studies of peasants in Asia and Latin America compiled by ethnographers in the last forty years. He suggests that severe economic crises have driven peasants to roles in the larger economy outside the village, where they are initially attracted to politics by material incentives. Originally published in 1975. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Judicial Elections in the 21st Century Chris W. Bonneau, Melinda Gann Hall, 2016-12-08 Leading authorities present the latest cutting edge research on state judicial elections. Starting with recent transformations in the electoral landscape, including those brought about by U.S. Supreme Court rulings, this volume provides penetrating analyses of partisan, nonpartisan, and retention elections to state supreme courts, intermediate appellate courts, and trial courts. Topics include citizen participation, electoral competition, fundraising and spending, judicial performance evaluations, reform efforts,attack campaigns, and other organized efforts to oust judges. This volume also evaluates the impact of judicial elections on numerous aspects of American politics, including citizens’ perceptions of judicial legitimacy, diversity on the bench, and the consequences of who wins on subsequent court decisions. Many of the chapters offer predictions about how judicial elections might look in the future. Overall, this collection provides a sharp evidence-based portrait of how modern judicial elections actually work in practice and their consequences for state judiciaries and the American people. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Boletin Bibliografico III , |
| bailey cynthia political party: Beyond Eurocentrism Peter Gran, 2021-02-01 Eurocentrism influences virtually all established historical writing. With the rise of Prussia and, by extension, Europe, eurocentrism became the dominant paradigm for world history. Employing the approaches of Gramsci and Foucault, Peter Gran proposes a reconceptualization of world history. He challenges the traditional convention of relying on totalitarian or democratic functions of a particular state to explain and understand relationships of authority and resistance in a number of national contexts. Gran maintains that there is no single developmental model but diverse forms of hegemony that emerged out of the political crisis following the penetration of capitalism into each nation. In making comparisons between seemingly disparate and distinctive nations and by questioning established canons of comparative inquiry, Gran encourages people to recognize the similarities between the West and non-West nations. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Our Fighting Governor Janet Schmelzer, 2014-09-24 At the apex of progressive reform in Texas from 1907 to 1911, Thomas M. Campbell served as the state’s chief executive. Closely associated with former Texas Governor James Stephen Hogg, Campbell played a central role in reviving the Hogg reform movement and building a strong record of progressive laws in areas such as social welfare, public education, and tax reform. In the broader context of southern progressivism, Campbell was a leading progressive governor much like Hoke Smith of Georgia, Benjamin Comer of Alabama, Charles B. Aycock of North Carolina, and Andrew Jackson Montague of Virginia. This full biography of Campbell’s life and political career shines a light on his contributions and successes as well as his failures and shortcomings. In Our Fighting Governor, Janet Schmelzer explores Campbell’s life, political career, and legacy. At the same time, she provides new insight into the inner workings of the Texas Democratic Party at the turn of the twentieth century. She uncovers Campbell’s political philosophy and the importance of his leadership that guided the agenda for progressive reform, resulted in the passage of reform legislation, and marked him as a southern progressive governor. |
| bailey cynthia political party: The Advantage of Disadvantage LaGina Gause, 2022-02-24 The Advantage of Disadvantage provides insights for scholars and activists into how marginalized groups gain representation through protest. Drawing on formal theory, surveys, and quantitative data, the book presents an interdisciplinary analysis of representation, inequality, and digital activism. |
| bailey cynthia political party: The Best Democracy Money Can Buy Greg Palast, 2003-02-25 Palast is astonishing, he gets the real evidence no one else has the guts to dig up. Vincent Bugliosi, author of None Dare Call it Treason and Helter Skelter Award-winning investigative journalist Greg Palast digs deep to unearth the ugly facts that few reporters working anywhere in the world today have the courage or ability to cover. From East Timor to Waco, he has exposed some of the most egregious cases of political corruption, corporate fraud, and financial manipulation in the US and abroad. His uncanny investigative skills as well as his no-holds-barred style have made him an anathema among magnates on four continents and a living legend among his colleagues and his devoted readership. This exciting collection, now revised and updated, brings together some of Palast's most powerful writing of the past decade. Included here are his celebrated Washington Post exposé on Jeb Bush and Katherine Harris's stealing of the presidential election in Florida, and recent stories on George W. Bush's payoffs to corporate cronies, the payola behind Hillary Clinton, and the faux energy crisis. Also included in this volume are new and previously unpublished material, television transcripts, photographs, and letters. |
| bailey cynthia political party: The Meanest Man in Congress Timothy McNulty, Brendan McNulty, 2019-05-10 A native of Beaumont, Texas, and a World War II veteran, Jack Brooks represented Texas's Ninth District for forty-two years in the U.S. Congress. One of the most influential congressmen you've never heard of, the irascible Brooks is finally getting his due in this first full biography. The Meanest Man in Congress chronicles in fascinating detail not only a remarkable lawmaker's career—spanning the tenures of ten U.S. presidents—but also the epic sweep of American history in the latter half of the twentieth century, from the Kennedy assassination to the Iran-Contra affair. Packed with anecdotes based on Brooks's personal correspondence, interviews with his peers and family members, and more, this meticulously researched biography traces the incredible life and times of a true public servant, a man who applied his tenacious will to practical, across-the-aisle governance for the good of his constituents and his country. At a time when Brooks's brand of selfless service is in short supply and American politics has become a zero-sum game, distinguished authors Timothy McNulty and Brendan McNulty bring into high relief the character of a man who knew how to compromise and bargain, negotiate and cooperate to get things done. |
| bailey cynthia political party: A Twentieth Century History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania John G. White, 1909 |
| bailey cynthia political party: Talk Radio’s America Brian Rosenwald, 2019-08-13 The cocreator of the Washington Post’s “Made by History” blog reveals how the rise of conservative talk radio gave us a Republican Party incapable of governing and paved the way for Donald Trump. America’s long road to the Trump presidency began on August 1, 1988, when, desperate for content to save AM radio, top media executives stumbled on a new format that would turn the political world upside down. They little imagined that in the coming years their brainchild would polarize the country and make it nearly impossible to govern. Rush Limbaugh, an enormously talented former disc jockey—opinionated, brash, and unapologetically conservative—pioneered a pathbreaking infotainment program that captured the hearts of an audience no media executive knew existed. Limbaugh’s listeners yearned for a champion to punch back against those maligning their values. Within a decade, this format would grow from fifty-nine stations to over one thousand, keeping millions of Americans company as they commuted, worked, and shouted back at their radios. The concept pioneered by Limbaugh was quickly copied by cable news and digital media. Radio hosts form a deep bond with their audience, which gives them enormous political power. Unlike elected representatives, however, they must entertain their audience or watch their ratings fall. Talk radio boosted the Republican agenda in the 1990s, but two decades later, escalation in the battle for the airwaves pushed hosts toward ever more conservative, outrageous, and hyperbolic content. Donald Trump borrowed conservative radio hosts’ playbook and gave Republican base voters the kind of pugnacious candidate they had been demanding for decades. By 2016, a political force no one intended to create had completely transformed American politics. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Law Notes , 1924 |
| bailey cynthia political party: Encyclopedia of Women in American History Joyce Appleby, Eileen Chang, Joanne Goodwin, 2015-07-17 This illustrated encyclopedia examines the unique influence and contributions of women in every era of American history, from the colonial period to the present. It not only covers the issues that have had an impact on women, but also traces the influence of women's achievements on society as a whole. Divided into three chronologically arranged volumes, the set includes historical surveys and thematic essays on central issues and political changes affecting women's lives during each period. These are followed by A-Z entries on significant events and social movements, laws, court cases and more, as well as profiles of notable American women from all walks of life and all fields of endeavor. Primary sources and original documents are included throughout. |
| bailey cynthia political party: The Rise of Ethnic Politics in Latin America Raúl L. Madrid, 2012-03-26 Explores why indigenous movements have recently won elections for the first time in the history of Latin America. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Picturing Texas Politics Chuck Bailey, Patrick L. Cox, 2023-08-15 With rare, previously unpublished photographs and iconic images of politicians from the state’s founders to Ann Richards, George W. Bush, and Rick Perry, here is the first-ever photographic album of Texas politicians and political campaigns. The Republic of Texas was founded in 1839, around the time that photography was being invented. So while there were no photographers at the Alamo or San Jacinto, they arrived soon after to immortalize, on film, Sam Houston, David Burnett, Mirabeau Lamar, and many other founding fathers of the Lone Star State. Over the following nearly two centuries, Texas politics and politicians have provided reliable, often dramatic, and sometimes larger-than-life subjects for photographers to capture in the moment and add to the historical record. Picturing Texas Politics presents the first photographic album of Texas politicians and political campaigns ever assembled. Chuck Bailey has searched archives, museums, libraries, and private collections to find photographs that have never been published, as well as iconic images, such as Russell Lee’s pictures of one of Ralph Yarborough’s campaigns. These photographs are arranged into four chronological sections, each one introduced by historian Patrick Cox, who also provides informative photo captions. The photographs display power and political savvy from the early Republic to Lyndon Johnson and Bob Bullock; unmatched dedication to Texas in the Hobby and Bush families; and the growing influence of women in politics, from Miriam “Ma” Ferguson to Barbara Jordan, Ann Richards, and Kay Bailey Hutchison. With Sam Houston’s jaguar vest, W. Lee “Pappy” O’Daniel’s hillbilly band, a famous governor with an ostrich, and prominent Texans eating watermelons, shooting guns, and riding horses, this is Texas politics at its liveliest and best. |
| bailey cynthia political party: The Judicial and Civil History of Connecticut Dwight Loomis, Joseph Gilbert Calhoun, 1895 |
| bailey cynthia political party: The Campaign Marilyn Tucker Quayle, Nancy Tucker Northcott, 1997-06 Campaign fever is in the air ... and Georgia conservative Robert Hawkins Grant is a shoo-in for reelection, well on his way to becoming the first black president. But nine clays before the election, a reporter is murdered -- and evidence points to Grant. Bent on proving his innocence, Grant discovers a conspiracy that reaches to unimagined heights. He must clear his name, solve a murder, maintain his integrity, and win an election ... and time is running out. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Whistling Women J Dianne Garner, Cheryl Claassen, 2013-04-03 Gain first-hand knowledge of how today's lesbians aged 60 and over survived the 20th century! “I didn’t know we were lesbians. We lived together 13 years!” Whistling Women is a unique, candid collection of the life experiences of 44 lesbians between 62 and 82 years of age. This book explores new ground with interviews about their memories, feelings, and thoughts on a diversity of perspectives—from growing up during the Depression and World War II, to retirement and old age at the height of the gay liberation movement. This unprecedented resource captures a first-person view of lesbian history and documents the struggles and achievements of the women who lived it. “All my schooling was women-oriented…so I was able to see what women and girls could give to each other.” In Whistling Women, these older women share their views on: childhood and young adulthood—family, social factors, religion, schooling marriage—husbands, children, divorce lesbian relationships—coming out/closet relationships, role playing, butch and fem practices conventional politics—party affiliation, activities, concerns, degree of feminism work and money—financial arrangements, home ownership, investment properties life after 60—retirement, health, activities, communities and much more! “I dated. I went along. I did it because basically it was the thing to do. But I had crushes on girls.” Whistling Women offers you unprecedented statistics on these women and comparisons with statistics gathered in other analyses on lesbian and heterosexual women. This research includes studies of: socioeconomic class in childhood, mid-life, and at retirement level of education of participants number and duration of long-term relationships—both heterosexual marriages and lesbian lover relationships age of first lesbian relationship retirement statistics—year retired, age at retirement economic resources after retirement (compared to general US population) “If we had these things in the 1950s [gay bookstores and publications], how different life would be for a lot of people. But we had to pave the way.” This book is significant for sociologists, gay and lesbian researchers, and gerontologists, as well as anyone interested in women’s history. It also presents recollections of lesbian/mixed bars—some famous—starting in the 1930s, memories of the notorious Greenwich Village, the early development of lesbian social groups, and lesbian friendships with gay men. Whistling Girls identifies many of the organizations that cater specifically to older lesbians, such as OLOC (Old Lesbians Organizing for Change) and SOL (Slightly Older Lesbians). |
| bailey cynthia political party: A Portrait and Biographical Record of Portage and Summit Counties, Ohio , 1898 |
| bailey cynthia political party: A Guide to Research Collections of Former Members of the United States House of Representatives, 1789-1987 Cynthia Pease Miller, 1988 |
| bailey cynthia political party: German Social Democracy, 1905-1917 Carl E. Schorske, 1955 No political parties of present-day Germany are separated by a wider gulf than the two parties of labor, one democratic and reformist, the other totalitarian and socialist-revolutionary. Social Democrats and Communists today face each other as bitter political enemies across the front lines of the Cold War; yet they share a common origin in the Social Democratic Party of Imperial Germany. How did they come to go separate ways? By what process did the old party break apart? How did the prewar party prepare the ground for the dissolution of the labor movement in World War I, and for the subsequent extension of Leninism into Germany? To answer these questions is the purpose of Carl Schorske's study. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Congressional Record United States. Congress, 1967 The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published daily when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record began publication in 1873. Debates for sessions prior to 1873 are recorded in The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (1789-1824), the Register of Debates in Congress (1824-1837), and the Congressional Globe (1833-1873) |
| bailey cynthia political party: Bodily Fluids, Fluid Bodies and International Politics Jenn Hobbs, 2024-06-24 In recent years, security actors have become increasingly concerned with health issues. This book reveals how understandings of race, sexuality and gender are produced/reproduced through healthcare policy. Analysing the plasma of paid Mexicana/o donors in the US, airport vomit in Ebola epidemics and the semen of soldiers with genitourinary injuries, this book shows how security practices focus upon governing bodily fluids. Using a variety of critical scholarship – feminist technoscience, queer studies and critical race studies – this book uses fluids to reveal unequal distributions of life and death. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Congressional Yellow Book , 2008 A loose-leaf directory of Congress, their committees and key aides. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Political Issues in America Today Philip Davies, Fredric A. Waldstein, 1996-06-15 Political Issues in America Today offers the student 16 new assessments of the issues currently dominating American political debate. Themes covered include women in politics, health, the deficit, media and political parties, and much more. |
| bailey cynthia political party: LGBTQ Politics Marla Brettschneider, Susan Burgess, Christine Keating, 2017-09-19 A definitive collection of original essays on queer politics From Harvey Milk to ACT UP to Proposition 8, no political change in the last two decades has been as rapid as the advancement of civil rights for LGBTQ people. As we face a critical juncture in progressive activism, political science, which has been slower than most disciplines to study the complexity of queer politics, must grapple with the shifting landscape of LGBTQ rights and inclusion. LGBTQ Politics analyzes both the successes and obstacles to building the LGBTQ movement over the past twenty years, offering analyses that point to possibilities for the movement’s future. Essays cover a range of topics, including activism, law, and coalition-building, and draw on subfields such as American politics, comparative politics, political theory, and international relations. LGBTQ Politics presents the full range of methodological, ideological, and substantive approaches to LGBTQ politics that exist in political science. Analyses focused on mainstream institutional and elite politics appear alongside contributions grounded in grassroots movements and critical theory. While some essays celebrate the movement’s successes and prospects, others express concerns that its democratic basis has become undermined by a focus on funding power over people power, attempts to fragment the LGBTQ movement from racial, gender and class justice, and a persistent attachment to single-issue politics. A comprehensive, thought-provoking collection, LGBTQ Politics: A Critical Reader will give rise to continued critical discussion of the parameters of LGBTQ politics. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Global Links Cynthia J. Levy, Jeffrey D. Schultz, 2013-12-02 Offers a quick and easy approach to finding up-to-date contact information for political, government, media, judicial, and legislative leaders for each country of the world. The directory provides more than 10,000 names and addresses of the most important people in the world, as well as websites of countries (when available). A vital link in the global information chain for librarians, business people, journalists, students, teachers, and any general reader interested in obtaining global contact information. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Protecting Soldiers and Mothers Theda Skocpol, 2009-06-30 It is a commonplace that the United States lagged behind the countries of Western Europe in developing modern social policies. But, as Theda Skocpol shows in this startlingly new historical analysis, the United States actually pioneered generous social spending for many of its elderly, disabled, and dependent citizens. During the late nineteenth century, competitive party politics in American democracy led to the rapid expansion of benefits for Union Civil War veterans and their families. Some Americans hoped to expand veterans' benefits into pensions for all of the needy elderly and social insurance for workingmen and their families. But such hopes went against the logic of political reform in the Progressive Era. Generous social spending faded along with the Civil War generation. Instead, the nation nearly became a unique maternalist welfare state as the federal government and more than forty states enacted social spending, labor regulations, and health education programs to assist American mothers and children. Remarkably, as Skocpol shows, many of these policies were enacted even before American women were granted the right to vote. Banned from electoral politics, they turned their energies to creating huge, nation-spanning federations of local women's clubs, which collaborated with reform-minded professional women to spur legislative action across the country. Blending original historical research with political analysis, Skocpol shows how governmental institutions, electoral rules, political parties, and earlier public policies combined to determine both the opportunities and the limits within which social policies were devised and changed by reformers and politically active social groups over the course of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. By examining afresh the institutional, cultural, and organizational forces that have shaped U.S. social policies in the past, Protecting Soldiers and Mothers challenges us to think in new ways about what might be possible in the American future. |
| bailey cynthia political party: Commemorative Biographical Record of the Fox River Valley Counties of Brown, Outagamie and Winnebago , 1895 |
| bailey cynthia political party: Ebony , 2008-03 EBONY is the flagship magazine of Johnson Publishing. Founded in 1945 by John H. Johnson, it still maintains the highest global circulation of any African American-focused magazine. |
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