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| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Ethics for A-Level Mark Dimmock, Andrew Fisher, 2017-07-31 What does pleasure have to do with morality? What role, if any, should intuition have in the formation of moral theory? If something is ‘simulated’, can it be immoral? This accessible and wide-ranging textbook explores these questions and many more. Key ideas in the fields of normative ethics, metaethics and applied ethics are explained rigorously and systematically, with a vivid writing style that enlivens the topics with energy and wit. Individual theories are discussed in detail in the first part of the book, before these positions are applied to a wide range of contemporary situations including business ethics, sexual ethics, and the acceptability of eating animals. A wealth of real-life examples, set out with depth and care, illuminate the complexities of different ethical approaches while conveying their modern-day relevance. This concise and highly engaging resource is tailored to the Ethics components of AQA Philosophy and OCR Religious Studies, with a clear and practical layout that includes end-of-chapter summaries, key terms, and common mistakes to avoid. It should also be of practical use for those teaching Philosophy as part of the International Baccalaureate. Ethics for A-Level is of particular value to students and teachers, but Fisher and Dimmock’s precise and scholarly approach will appeal to anyone seeking a rigorous and lively introduction to the challenging subject of ethics. Tailored to the Ethics components of AQA Philosophy and OCR Religious Studies. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Utilitarianism - Ed. Heydt John Stuart Mill, 2010-08-06 John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism is a philosophical defense of utilitarianism, a moral theory stating that right actions are those that tend to promote overall happiness. The essay first appeared as a series of articles published in Fraser’s Magazine in 1861; the articles were collected and reprinted as a single book in 1863. Mill discusses utilitarianism in some of his other works, including On Liberty and The Subjection of Women, but Utilitarianism contains his only sustained defence of the theory. In this Broadview Edition, Colin Heydt provides a substantial introduction that will enable readers to understand better the polemical context for Utilitarianism. Heydt shows, for example, how Mill’s moral philosophy grew out of political engagement, rather than exclusively out of a speculative interest in determining the nature of morality. Appendices include precedents to Mill’s work, reactions to Utilitarianism, and related writings by Mill. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation Jeremy Bentham, 1879 |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Oxford Handbook of Epicurus and Epicureanism Phillip Mitsis, 2020 This volume offers authoritative discussions of all aspects of the philosophy of Epicurus (340-271 BCE) and then traces Epicurean influences throughout the Western tradition. It is an unmatched resource for those wishing to deepen their knowledge of Epicureanism's powerful arguments about death, happiness, and the nature of the material world. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Principles of Morals and Legislation Jeremy Bentham, 1879 Discusses morals' functions and natures that affect the legislation in general. Bases the discussions on pain and pleasure as basic principle of law embodiment. Mentions of the circumstance influencing sensibility, general human actions, intentionality, conciousness, motives, human dispositions, consequencess of mischievous act, case of punishment, and offences' division. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Hedonistic Utilitarianism Torbjörn Tännsjö, 1998 This volume presents a comprehensive statement in defense of the doctrine known as classical, hedonistic utilitarianism. It is presented as a viable alternative in the search for a moral theory and the claim is defended that we need such a theory. The book offers a distinctive approach and some quite controversial conclusions. Torbjorn Tannsjo challenges the assumption that hedonistic utilitarianism is at variance with common sense morality particularly as viewed through the perspective of the modern feminist moral critique. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Methods of Ethics Henry Sidgwick, 1874 |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Ethics 101 Brian Boone, 2017-11-07 Explore the mysteries of morality and the concept of right and wrong with this accessible, engaging guide featuring basic facts along with an overview of modern-day issues ranging from business ethics and bioethics to political and social ethics. Ethics 101 offers an exciting look into the history of moral principles that dictate human behavior. Unlike traditional textbooks that overwhelm, this easy-to-read guide presents the key concepts of ethics in fun, straightforward lessons and exercises featuring only the most important facts, theories, and ideas. Ethics 101 includes unique, accessible elements such as: -Explanations of the major moral philosophies including utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, and eastern philosophers including Avicenna, Buddha, and Confucius. -Classic thought exercises including the trolley problem, the sorites paradox, and agency theory -Unique profiles of the greatest characters in moral philosophy -An explanation of modern applied ethics in bioethics, business ethics, political ethics, professional ethics, organizational ethics, and social ethics From Plato to Jean-Paul Sartre and utilitarianism to antirealism, Ethics 101 is jam-packed with enlightening information that you can’t get anywhere else! |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Classical Utilitarians Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill, 2003-03-15 This volume includes the complete texts of two of John Stuart Mill's most important works, Utilitarianism and On Liberty, and selections from his other writings, including the complete text of his Remarks on Bentham's Philosophy. The selection from Mill's A System of Logic is of special relevance to the debate between those who read Mill as an Act-Utilitarian and those who interpret him as a Rule-Utilitarian. Also included are selections from the writings of Jeremy Bentham, founder of modern Utilitarianism and mentor (together with James Mill) of John Stuart Mill. Bentham's Principles of Morals and Legislation had important effects on political and legal reform in his own time and continues to provide insights for political theorists and philosophers of law. Seven chapters of Bentham's Principles are here in their entirety, together with a number of shorter selections, including one in which Bentham repudiates the slogan often used to characterize his philosophy: The Greatest Happiness of the Greatest Number. John Troyer's Introduction presents the central themes and arguments of Bentham and Mill and assesses their relevance to current discussions of Utilitarianism. The volume also provides indexes, a glossary, and notes. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: A Brief History of Happiness Nicholas P. White, 2008-04-15 In this brief history, philosopher Nicholas White reviews 2,500years of philosophical thought about happiness. Addresses key questions such as: What is happiness? Shouldhappiness play such a dominant role in our lives? How can we dealwith conflicts between the various things that make us happy? Considers the ways in which major thinkers from antiquity tothe modern day have treated happiness: from Plato’s notion ofthe harmony of the soul, through to Nietzsche’s championingof conflict over harmony. Relates questions about happiness to ethics and to practicalphilosophy. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: A Hedonist Manifesto Michel Onfray, 2015-11-10 Michael Onfray passionately defends the potential of hedonism to resolve the dislocations and disconnections of our melancholy age. In a sweeping survey of history's engagement with and rejection of the body, he exposes the sterile conventions that prevent us from realizing a more immediate, ethical, and embodied life. He then lays the groundwork for both a radical and constructive politics of the body that adds to debates over morality, equality, sexual relations, and social engagement, demonstrating how philosophy, and not just modern scientism, can contribute to a humanistic ethics. Onfray attacks Platonic idealism and its manifestation in Judaic, Christian, and Islamic belief. He warns of the lure of attachment to the purportedly eternal, immutable truths of idealism, which detracts from the immediacy of the world and our bodily existence. Insisting that philosophy is a practice that operates in a real, material space, Onfray enlists Epicurus and Democritus to undermine idealist and theological metaphysics; Nietzsche, Bentham, and Mill to dismantle idealist ethics; and Palante and Bourdieu to collapse crypto-fascist neoliberalism. In their place, he constructs a positive, hedonistic ethics that enlarges on the work of the New Atheists to promote a joyful approach to our lives in this, our only, world. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Handbook of Pain Assessment, Third Edition Dennis C. Turk, Ronald Melzack, 2011-08-08 This definitive clinical reference comprehensively reviews the most advanced methods for assessing the person in pain. The field's leading authorities present essential information and tools for evaluating psychosocial, behavioral, situational, and medical factors in patients' subjective experience, functional impairment, and response to treatment. Empirically supported instruments and procedures are detailed, including self-report measures, observational techniques, psychophysiological measures, and more. Best-practice recommendations are provided for assessing the most prevalent pain syndromes and for working with children, older adults, and people with communication difficulties. The book also weighs in on the limitations of existing methods and identifies key directions for future research. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Prolegomena to Ethics Thomas Hill Green, 1883 |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Rationale of Punishment Jeremy Bentham, 1830 This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Good Life Burton F. Porter, 2001 The Good Life contains an exposition and critique of the various ideals in living that have been advocated by major philosophers and schools of thought. In addition, the ethical problems of egoism, determinism, and relativism are explained and evaluated in both their classic Greek form and in the deconstruction of post-modernism. The ideals that are discussed include hedonism as described by the Cyrenaics and Epicureans, and the Utilitarianism of Bentham and Mill; the naturalistic ethic of the Stoics, the Transcendentalists, the evolutionists, and the back-to-nature movement; the biblical ethic of Judaism and Christianity as well as the Eastern religions of Confucianism and Buddhism; and the Kantian ideal of duty and virtue ethics, including feminist theory. To illuminate various conceptions of the good life, multiple examples are drawn from contemporary life, including the abortion issue, racism, capital punishment, and multiculturalism. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Experience Machines Mark Silcox, 2017-07-17 In his classic work Anarchy, State and Utopia, Robert Nozick asked his readers to imagine being permanently plugged into a 'machine that would give you any experience you desired'. He speculated that, in spite of the many obvious attractions of such a prospect, most people would choose against passing the rest of their lives under the influence of this type of invention. Nozick thought (and many have since agreed) that this simple thought experiment had profound implications for how we think about ethics, political justice, and the significance of technology in our everyday lives. Nozick’s argument was made in 1974, about a decade before the personal computer revolution in Europe and North America. Since then, opportunities for the citizens of industrialized societies to experience virtual worlds and simulated environments have multiplied to an extent that no philosopher could have predicted. The authors in this volume re-evaluate the merits of Nozick’s argument, and use it as a jumping–off point for the philosophical examination of subsequent developments in culture and technology, including a variety of experience-altering cybernetic technologies such as computer games, social media networks, HCI devices, and neuro-prostheses. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Happiness Philosophers Bart Schultz, 2017-05-09 A colorful history of utilitarianism told through the lives and ideas of Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill, and its other founders In The Happiness Philosophers, Bart Schultz tells the colorful story of the lives and legacies of the founders of utilitarianism—one of the most influential yet misunderstood and maligned philosophies of the past two centuries. Best known for arguing that it is the greatest happiness of the greatest number that is the measure of right and wrong, utilitarianism was developed by the radical philosophers, critics, and social reformers William Godwin (the husband of Mary Wollstonecraft and father of Mary Shelley), Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart and Harriet Taylor Mill, and Henry Sidgwick. Together, they had a profound influence on nineteenth-century reforms, in areas ranging from law, politics, and economics to morals, education, and women's rights. Their work transformed life in ways we take for granted today. Bentham even advocated the decriminalization of same-sex acts, decades before the cause was taken up by other activists. As Bertrand Russell wrote about Bentham in the late 1920s, There can be no doubt that nine-tenths of the people living in England in the latter part of last century were happier than they would have been if he had never lived. Yet in part because of its misleading name and the caricatures popularized by figures as varied as Dickens, Marx, and Foucault, utilitarianism is sometimes still dismissed as cold, calculating, inhuman, and simplistic. By revealing the fascinating human sides of the remarkable pioneers of utilitarianism, The Happiness Philosophers provides a richer understanding and appreciation of their philosophical and political perspectives—one that also helps explain why utilitarianism is experiencing a renaissance today and is again being used to tackle some of the world's most serious problems. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: A Calculus of Suffering Martin S. Pernick, 1985 Analyzes the impact of anesthesia on nineteenth-century medicine, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of anesthesia, and explains how rules for its use were developed |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Cambridge Companion to Utilitarianism Ben Eggleston, Dale E. Miller, 2014-01-30 Utilitarianism, the approach to ethics based on the maximization of overall well-being, continues to have great traction in moral philosophy and political thought. This Companion offers a systematic exploration of its history, themes, and applications. First, it traces the origins and development of utilitarianism via the work of Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill, Henry Sidgwick, and others. The volume then explores issues in the formulation of utilitarianism, including act versus rule utilitarianism, actual versus expected consequences, and objective versus subjective theories of well-being. Next, utilitarianism is positioned in relation to Kantianism and virtue ethics, and the possibility of conflict between utilitarianism and fairness is considered. Finally, the volume explores the modern relevance of utilitarianism by considering its practical implications for contemporary controversies such as military conflict and global warming. The volume will be an important resource for all those studying moral philosophy, political philosophy, political theory, and history of ideas. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Utilitarianism J. J. C. Smart, Bernard Williams, 1973 A serious and controversial work in which the authors contribute essays from opposite points of view on utilitarian assumptions, arguments and ideals. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: A History of English Utilitarianism Ernest Albee, 2014-04-04 First published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Routledge Philosophy GuideBook to Mill on Utilitarianism Roger Crisp, 2002-09-11 Mill was one of the most important British philosophers of the nineteenth century; his Utilitarianism is a pivotal work in ethical thought. This book, written specifically for students coming to Mill - and perhaps philosophy - for the first time, will be an ideal guide. Mill on Utilitarianism introduces and assesses: * Mill's life and the background of Utilitarianism * the ideas and text of Utilitarianism * the continuing importance of Mill's work to philosophy This is the first book dedicated to Utilitarianism itself. Concisely written and engaging, it is perfect reading for those studying Mill or moral philosophy. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Liberal Utilitarianism and Applied Ethics Matti Hayry, 2013-01-11 Liberal Utilitarianism and Applied Ethics explores the foundations of early utilitarianism and, at the same time, the theoretical bases of social ethics and policy in modern Western welfare states. Matti Hayry sees the main reason for utilitarianism's growing disrepute among moral philosophers is that its principles cannot legitimately be extended to situations where the basic needs of the individuals involved are in conflict. He is able to formulate a solution to this fundamental problem by arguing convincingly that by combining a limited version of liberal utilitarianism and the methods of applied ethics, we are able to define our moral duties and rights. Liberal Utilitarianism and Applied Ethics will appeal to students and teachers of philosophy who are interested in the doctrine of utilitarianism or in ethical decison-making. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Philosophy for AS and A Level Michael Lacewing, 2017-07-14 Philosophy for AS and A Level is an accessible textbook for the new 2017 AQA Philosophy syllabus. Structured closely around the AQA specification this textbook covers the two units shared by the AS and A Level, Epistemology and Moral Philosophy, in an engaging and student-friendly way. With chapters on 'How to do philosophy', exam preparation providing students with the philosophical skills they need to succeed, and an extensive glossary to support understanding, this book is ideal for students studying philosophy. Each chapter includes: argument maps that help to develop student’s analytical and critical skills comprehension questions to test understanding discussion questions to generate evaluative argument explanation and commentary on the AQA set texts ‘Thinking harder’ sections cross-references to help students make connections bullet-point summaries of each topic. The companion website hosts a wealth of further resources, including PowerPoint slides, flashcards, further reading, weblinks and handouts, all structured to accompany the textbook. It can be found at www.routledge.com/cw/alevelphilosophy. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Cross-cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics Robert M. Veatch, 2000 Cross- Cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics, Second Edition, is an anthology of the latest and best readings on the medical ethics of as many of the major religious, philosophical, and medical traditions that are available today. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Well-Being Daniel Kahneman, Edward Diener, Norbert Schwarz, 1999-07-08 The nature of well-being is one of the most enduring and elusive subjects of human inquiry. Well-Being draws upon the latest scientific research to transform our understanding of this ancient question. With contributions from leading authorities in psychology, social psychology, and neuroscience, this volume presents the definitive account of current scientific efforts to understand human pleasure and pain, contentment and despair. The distinguished contributors to this volume combine a rigorous analysis of human sensations, emotions, and moods with a broad assessment of the many factors, from heredity to nationality, that bear on our well-being. Using the tools of experimental science, the contributors confront the puzzles of human likes and dislikes. Why do we grow accustomed and desensitized to changes in our lives, both good and bad? Does our happiness reflect the circumstances of our lives or is it determined by our temperament and personality? Why do humans acquire tastes for sensations that are initially painful or unpleasant? By examining the roots of our everyday likes and dislikes, the book also sheds light on some of the more extreme examples of attraction and aversion, such as addiction and depression. Among its wide ranging inquiries, Well-Being examines systematic differences in moods and behaviors between genders, explaining why women suffer higher rates of depression and anxiety than men, but are also more inclined to express positive emotions. The book also makes international comparisons, finding that some countries' populations report higher levels of happiness than others. The contributors deploy an array of methods, from the surveys and questionnaires of social science to psychological and physiological experiments, to develop a comprehensive new approach to the study of well-being. They show how the sensory pleasures of the body can tells us something about the higher pleasures of the mind and even how the effectiveness of our immune system can depend upon the health of our social relationships. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Machine Ethics Michael Anderson, Susan Leigh Anderson, 2011-05-09 The new field of machine ethics is concerned with giving machines ethical principles, or a procedure for discovering a way to resolve the ethical dilemmas they might encounter, enabling them to function in an ethically responsible manner through their own ethical decision making. Developing ethics for machines, in contrast to developing ethics for human beings who use machines, is by its nature an interdisciplinary endeavor. The essays in this volume represent the first steps by philosophers and artificial intelligence researchers toward explaining why it is necessary to add an ethical dimension to machines that function autonomously, what is required in order to add this dimension, philosophical and practical challenges to the machine ethics project, various approaches that could be considered in attempting to add an ethical dimension to machines, work that has been done to date in implementing these approaches, and visions of the future of machine ethics research. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: English Civil Justice after the Woolf and Jackson Reforms John Sorabji, 2014-06-26 John Sorabji examines the theoretical underpinnings of the Woolf and Jackson reforms to the English and Welsh civil justice system. He discusses how the Woolf reforms attempted, and failed, to effect a revolutionary change to the theory of justice that informed how the system operated. It elucidates the nature of those reforms, which through introducing proportionality via an explicit overriding objective into the Civil Procedure Rules, downgraded the court's historic commitment to achieving substantive justice or justice on the merits. In doing so, Woolf's new theory is compared with one developed by Bentham, while also exploring why a similarly fundamental reform carried out in the 1870s succeeded where Woolf's failed. It finally proposes an approach that could be taken by the courts following implementation of the Jackson reforms to ensure that they succeed in their aim of reducing litigation cost through properly implementing Woolf's new theory of justice. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: An Introduction to Mill's Utilitarian Ethics Henry R. West, 2004 Table of contents |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Bloomsbury Encyclopedia of Utilitarianism James E. Crimmins, 2017-01-26 The idea of utility as a value, goal or principle in political, moral and economic life has a long and rich history. Now available in paperback, The Bloomsbury Encyclopedia of Utilitarianism captures the complex history and the multi-faceted character of utilitarianism, making it the first work of its kind to bring together all the various aspects of the tradition for comparative study. With more than 200 entries on the authors and texts recognised as having built the tradition of utilitarian thinking, it covers issues and critics that have arisen at every stage. There are entries on Plato, Epicurus, and Confucius and progenitors of the theory like John Gay and David Hume, together with political economists, legal scholars, historians and commentators. Cross-referenced throughout, each entry consists of an explanation of the topic, a bibliography of works and suggestions for further reading. Providing fresh juxtapositions of issues and arguments in utilitarian studies and written by a team of respected scholars, The Bloomsbury Encyclopedia of Utilitarianism is an authoritative and valuable resource. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Moral of the Story: An Introduction to Ethics Nina Rosenstand, 2017-02-14 Now in its eighth edition, The Moral of the Story continues to bring understanding to difficult concepts in moral philosophy through storytelling and story analysis. From discussions on Aristotle’s virtues and vices to the moral complexities of the Game of Thrones series, Rosenstand’s work is lively and relatable, providing examples from contemporary film, fiction narratives, and even popular comic strips. The Connect course for this offering includes SmartBook, an adaptive reading and study experience which guides students to master, recall, and apply key concepts while providing automatically-graded assessments. McGraw-Hill Connect® is a subscription-based learning service accessible online through your personal computer or tablet. Choose this option if your instructor will require Connect to be used in the course. Your subscription to Connect includes the following: • SmartBook® - an adaptive digital version of the course textbook that personalizes your reading experience based on how well you are learning the content. • Access to your instructor’s homework assignments, quizzes, syllabus, notes, reminders, and other important files for the course. • Progress dashboards that quickly show how you are performing on your assignments and tips for improvement. • The option to purchase (for a small fee) a print version of the book. This binder-ready, loose-leaf version includes free shipping. Complete system requirements to use Connect can be found here: http://www.mheducation.com/highered/platforms/connect/training-support-students.html |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Classical Utilitarianism from Hume to Mill Frederick Rosen, 2005-06-28 This book presents a new interpretation of the principle of utility in moral and political theory based on the writings of the classical utilitarians from Hume to J.S. Mill. Discussion of utility in writers such as Adam Smith, William Paley and Jeremy Bentham is included. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Individual and the Political Order Norman E. Bowie, Robert L. Simon, 1998 Written in an accessible yet sophisticated style, The Individual and the Political Order, Third Edition is a text appropriate for students at all levels. This thoroughly revised edition challenges its readers to critically respond to a sustained defense of liberalism. Additions include examinations of communitarian and feminist critiques of liberalism, discussions of hate speech regulations, responses to the most recent work of Rawls, and a study of humanitarian intervention efforts in other countries. An expanded and updated bibliography as well as new study questions for each chapter make this an extremely useful text. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: On Liberty John Stuart Mill, 1913 |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The International Encyclopedia of Ethics, 9 Volume Set , 2013-02-25 Unmatched in scholarship and scope, The International Encyclopedia of Ethics is the definitive single-source reference work on Ethics, available both in print and online. Comprises over 700 entries, ranging from 1000 to 10,000 words in length, written by an international cast of subject experts Is arranged across 9 fully cross-referenced volumes including a comprehensive index Provides clear definitions and explanations of all areas of ethics including the topics, movements, arguments, and key figures in Normative Ethics, Metaethics, and Practical Ethics Covers the major philosophical and religious traditions Offers an unprecedented level of authority, accuracy and balance with all entries being blind peer-reviewed |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The History of British India James Mill, 1848 |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Theory of Moral Sentiments Adam Smith (économiste), 1812 |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Kant's Doctrine of Virtue Mark Timmons, 2021 This book is a reader's guide to Kant's final work in moral philosophy, The Doctrine of Virtue - Part II of the 1797 Metaphysics of Morals. The guide has 5 parts plus a conclusion. Part I Background includes two chapters: 1. Life and Work and 2. Philosophical Background. Part II, General Introduction to the Metaphysics of Morals covers the introduction to the entire work whose content is crucial for understanding the text. This part contains three chapters: 3. On the Idea of and Necessity for a Metaphysics of Morals, 4. Mental Faculties, the Moral Law, and Human Motivation, and 5. Preliminary Concepts and Division of the Metaphysics of Morals. Part III, Introduction to the Doctrine of Virtue, includes four chapters that cover Kant's dedicated introduction to the Doctrine of Virtue: 6. The Doctrine of Virtue as a Doctrine of Ends, 7. General Ends that are also Duties, 8. Radical Evil and the Nature of Virtue, and 9. The Science of Ethics. Part IV is devoted to Kant's system of duties of virtue that represents his normative ethical theory. It contains five chapters: 10. Perfect Duties to Oneself as an Animal Being, 11. Perfect Duties to Oneself as a Moral Being, 12. Imperfect Duties to Oneself, 13. Duties of Love to Other Human Beings, 14. The Vices of Hatred and Disrespect, and 15. Friendship. Part V The Doctrine of Methods of Ethics and Conclusion includes chapter 16 Moral Education and Practice. The book's conclusion reflects on the significance of the Doctrine of Virtue for understanding Kant's ethics-- |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: The Limits of Utilitarianism Harlan B. Miller, William Hatton Williams, The Limits of Utilitarianism was first published in 1982. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. Many philosophers have argued that utilitarianism is an unacceptable moral theory and that promoting the general welfare is at best only one of the legitimate goals of public policy. Utilitarian principles seem to place no limits on the extent to which society may legitimately interfere with a person's liberties - provided that such actions can be shown to promote the long-term welfare of its members. These issues have played a central role in discussions of utilitarianism since the time of Bentham and Mill. Despite criticisms, utilitarianism remains the most influential and widely accepted moral theory of recent times. In this volume contemporary philosophers address four aspects of utilitarianism: the principle of utility; utilitarianism vis-à-vis contractarianism; welfare; and voluntary cooperation and helping others. The editors provide an introduction and a comprehensive bibliography that covers all books and articles published in utilitarianism since 1930. |
| bentham's hedonistic calculus: Qualitative Utilitarianism Daniel Holbrook, 1988 This text offers an interpretation of John Stuart Mill's ethical theory, Qualitatively-Hedonistic Utilitarianism, as well as a discussion, analysis and solution of problems that have arisen in the theory since the initial publication of Utilitarianism in 1861. Topics discussed include Consequentialism, the Desire Theory of Pleasure, the alleged inconsistency of Qualitative Hedonism, and the relation of Qualitatively-Hedonistic Utilitarianism to Libertarianism. |
“Happiness Is the Greatest Good” by Jeremy Bentham - Lander University
According to Bentham, what are the causes of human action? What is the principle of utility? Explain what Bentham means by the … See more
Bentham’s Hedonic Calculus - rsrevision.com
Bentham’s Hedonic Calculus is used to choose between two courses of action. For each possibility, you add up all of the pleasure/pain, and then you do whichever action leads to the …
Hedonic Calculus - laits.utexas.edu
Hedonic Calculus "(Gr.hedone pleasure) a method of working out the sum total of pleasure and pain produced by an act, and thus the total value of its consequences; also called the felicific …
Bentham’s Utilitarianism
Bentham’s Utilitarianism. What you need to know: Bentham’s quantitative hedonistic utilitarianism (act utilitarianism) 1. The moral value of any act is calculated by considering its consequences …
The Principles of Morals and Legislation PDF
Bentham's hedonistic calculus offers a rigorous and quantifiable approach to moral decision-making that remains relevant and influential today. By providing a clear framework for …
Jeremy Bentham's Moral Calculus - JSTOR
It was calculated to elucidate the principles by which the realization of the greatest amount of happiness in the community should be possible. Besides formulating descriptions of actual …
What are the key features of Bentham’s quantitative …
Bentham’s ambition •Scientific exactitude (in traditionally uncertain) •Rational approach to moral decision-making •Individual action •Policy-making (“every measure of government”)
The Hedonic Calculus - unreasonable.blog
Sum up the numbers expressive of the degrees of good tendency, which the act has, with respect to each individual, in regard to whom the tendency of it is good upon the whole: do this again …
HEDONISM - utkaluniversity.ac.in
Bentham Hedonistic Calculus 1. Intensity: How strong is the pleasure? 2. Duration: How long will the pleasure last? 3. Certainty or uncertainty: How likely or unlikely is it that the pleasure will …
Benthams Hedonistic Calculus - wiki.morris.org.au
Benthams Hedonistic Calculus Torbjörn Tännsjö A Study of Bentham's Hedonic Calculus as a Method in the Social and Moral Sciences Christopher Wright,1949
JEREMY BENTHAM AND MORAL ARITH - Dominicana
system of quantitative calculation. This system, known as the "Hedonistic Calculus," intends to assure the accurate measurement of pleasure and pain and thus of right and wrong. Bentham …
The Felicific Calculus Jeremy Bentham’s Definition of Happine
Lastly, I wish to put Bentham’s happiness calculus into perspective by looking at the ways in which this concept has inspired Foucault to devise his biopolitical theories.
Utilitarianism: Bentham Hedonic Calculus The right course of …
Utilitarianism: Bentham – Hedonic Calculus Bentham was a hedonist – he believed that pleasure is good in itself, and other things are good in so far as they bring about pleasure and the …
Utilitarianism - Chase Terrace Academy
Bentham’s Utilitarianism can be referred to as Hedonic Utilitarianism. Key philosopher one: Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) (continued) To calculate how to maximise pleasure and …
Teleological goal or consequence based; from the Greek word …
Mill revolutionized utilitarian ideas in his most widely influential book, Utilitarianism (1863). His major modification of Bentham’s ethical theory is this: The main problem with Bentham’s …
LIBERTY AND EQUALITY IN HEDONISTIC UTILITARIANISM 1.
Bentham’s proposes a hedonist theory of value on which pleasure (which he identifies with happiness) is the only thing good in and of itself, and not good because of its
What Is Hedonic Calculus (book) - omn.am
A Study of Bentham's Hedonic Calculus as a Method in the Social and Moral Sciences Christopher Wright,1949 The Hedonic Calculus as a Decision Method Eugene M. …
felicific calculus psychological hedonism Bentham …
What are the key features of Mill’s qualitative hedonistic utilitarianism? Why does Mill distinguish between higher and lower pleasures? His reformulation and defence of utilitarianism... “The …
What Is The Hedonic Calculus (book)
A Study of Bentham's Hedonic Calculus as a Method in the Social and Moral Sciences Christopher Wright,1949 The Hedonistic Calculus Benjamin Shlomo,Yeshiva …
Collective interest vs. individual interest in Bentham's Felicific ...
writings. Focusing on his felicific calculus, their reformulation permits us to understand the ethical and analytical link between private and collective interests. This article is organized as follows. …
“Happiness Is the Greatest Good” by Jeremy Bentham …
As an ethical teleologist,2 Bentham devises a method of calculating the most pleasure vis-á-visthe least pain by means of a quantitative scale. …
Bentham’s Hedonic Calculus - rsrevision.com
Bentham’s Hedonic Calculus is used to choose between two courses of action. For each possibility, you add up all of the pleasure/pain, and then you do …
Hedonic Calculus - laits.utexas.edu
Hedonic Calculus "(Gr.hedone pleasure) a method of working out the sum total of pleasure and pain produced by an act, and thus the total value of its …
Bentham’s Utilitarianism
Bentham’s Utilitarianism. What you need to know: Bentham’s quantitative hedonistic utilitarianism (act utilitarianism) 1. The moral value of …
The Principles of Morals and Legislation PDF
Bentham's hedonistic calculus offers a rigorous and quantifiable approach to moral decision-making that remains relevant and influential today. By …
