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| bet surface area analysis: Surface Area Determination D. H. Everett, R. H. Ottewill, 2013-09-17 Surface Area Determination covers the proceedings of the International Symposium on Surface Area Determination. The title presents 35 papers that are organized into nine parts; the papers primarily emphasize the methods for surface area determination. The coverage of the book includes methods such as the BET method, low adsorption methods, and flow methods. The text also reviews papers about various types of surface, including heterogeneous surfaces, porous solids, clays, and small area surfaces. The book will be of great use to researchers and practitioners of disciplines that involve surface area determination, such as chemistry, chemical engineering, and chemical physics. |
| bet surface area analysis: Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders: Surface Area, Pore Size and Density S. Lowell, Joan E. Shields, Martin A. Thomas, Matthias Thommes, 2012-09-14 The growth of interest in newly developed porous materials has prompted the writing of this book for those who have the need to make meaningful measurements without the benefit of years of experience. One might consider this new book as the 4th edition of Powder Surface Area and Porosity (Lowell & Shields), but for this new edition we set out to incorporate recent developments in the understanding of fluids in many types of porous materials, not just powders. Based on this, we felt that it would be prudent to change the title to Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders: Surface Area, Porosity and Density. This book gives a unique overview of principles associated with the characterization of solids with regard to their surface area, pore size, pore volume and density. It covers methods based on gas adsorption (both physi and chemisorption), mercury porosimetry and pycnometry. Not only are the theoretical and experimental basics of these techniques presented in detail but also, in light of the tremendous progress made in recent years in materials science and nanotechnology, the most recent developments are described. In particular, the application of classical theories and methods for pore size analysis are contrasted with the most advanced microscopic theories based on statistical mechanics (e.g. Density Functional Theory and Molecular Simulation). The characterization of heterogeneous catalysts is more prominent than in earlier editions; the sections on mercury porosimetry and particularly chemisorption have been updated and greatly expanded. |
| bet surface area analysis: Powder Surface Area and Porosity S. Lowell, 2012-12-06 The rapid growth of interest in powders and their surface properties in many diverse industries prompted the writing of this book for those who have the need to make meaningful measurements without the benefit of years of experience. It is intended as an introduction to some of the elementary theory and experimental methods used to study the surface area, porosity and density of powders. It may be found useful by those with little or no training in solid surfaces who have the need to quickly learn the rudiments of surface area, density and pore-size measurements. Syosset, New York S. Lowell May, 1983 J. E. Shields Xl List of symbols Use of symbols for purposes other than those indicated in the following list are so defined in the text. Some symbols not shown in this list are defined in the text. d adsorbate cross-sectional area A area; condensation coefficient; collision frequency C BET constant c concentration D diameter; coefficient of thermal diffusion E adsorption potential f permeability aspect factor F flow rate; force; feed rate 9 gravitational constant G Gibbs free energy GS free surface energy h heat of immersion per unit area; height H enthalpy Hi heat of immersion Hsv heat of adsorption BET intercept; filament current k thermal conductivity; specific reaction rate K Harkins-Jura constant I length L heat of liquefaction M mass M molecular weight n number of moles N number of molecules; number of particles N Avagadro's number . |
| bet surface area analysis: Surface Area and Porosity Determinations by Physisorption James B. Condon, 2006-07-21 Surface Area and Porosity Determinations by Physisorption is a practical guide for industry or academics to the measurement of surface area and pore size using the tool of physical adsorption. Starting with a brief description of what physical adsorption is and the raw data that is obtained. The instrumentation for measuring this isotherm is described in some details. Recommendations are presented as to what instrumentation would be most appropriate for a particular application. An appendix of current commercial instruments is included. The mathematics required for the simple analysis of the obtained isotherm is presented with step-wise instructions for the analysis of the more useful analysis methods. Subsequent chapters describe the analyses and the theories behind the analyses in more detail.* Includes over 150 figures and tables which illustrate the equipment and examples data acquired * Provides a practical guide for measuring and interpreting physical adsorption * Up-to-date aspects of the more subtle physical adsorption theories such as density functional theory and the quantum mechanical chi theory are presented |
| bet surface area analysis: Adsorption by Powders and Porous Solids Jean Rouquerol, Françoise Rouquerol, Philip Llewellyn, Guillaume Maurin, Kenneth Sing, 2013-09-06 The declared objective of this book is to provide an introductory review of the various theoretical and practical aspects of adsorption by powders and porous solids with particular reference to materials of technological importance. The primary aim is to meet the needs of students and non-specialists who are new to surface science or who wish to use the advanced techniques now available for the determination of surface area, pore size and surface characterization. In addition, a critical account is given of recent work on the adsorptive properties of activated carbons, oxides, clays and zeolites. - Provides a comprehensive treatment of adsorption at both the gas/solid interface and the liquid/solid interface - Includes chapters dealing with experimental methodology and the interpretation of adsorption data obtained with porous oxides, carbons and zeolites - Techniques capture the importance of heterogeneous catalysis, chemical engineering and the production of pigments, cements, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals |
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| bet surface area analysis: Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders: Surface Area, Pore Size and Density Seymour Lowell, Joan E. Shields, Martin A. Thomas, Matthias Thommes, 2006-04-24 The growth of interest in newly developed porous materials has prompted the writing of this book for those who have the need to make meaningful measurements without the benefit of years of experience. One might consider this new book as the 4th edition of Powder Surface Area and Porosity (Lowell & Shields), but for this new edition we set out to incorporate recent developments in the understanding of fluids in many types of porous materials, not just powders. Based on this, we felt that it would be prudent to change the title to Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders: Surface Area, Porosity and Density. This book gives a unique overview of principles associated with the characterization of solids with regard to their surface area, pore size, pore volume and density. It covers methods based on gas adsorption (both physi and chemisorption), mercury porosimetry and pycnometry. Not only are the theoretical and experimental basics of these techniques presented in detail but also, in light of the tremendous progress made in recent years in materials science and nanotechnology, the most recent developments are described. In particular, the application of classical theories and methods for pore size analysis are contrasted with the most advanced microscopic theories based on statistical mechanics (e.g. Density Functional Theory and Molecular Simulation). The characterization of heterogeneous catalysts is more prominent than in earlier editions; the sections on mercury porosimetry and particularly chemisorption have been updated and greatly expanded. |
| bet surface area analysis: Metal-Organic Framework Materials Leonard R. MacGillivray, Charles M. Lukehart, 2014-09-19 Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline compounds consisting of rigid organic molecules held together and organized by metal ions or clusters. Special interests in these materials arise from the fact that many are highly porous and can be used for storage of small molecules, for example H2 or CO2. Consequently, the materials are ideal candidates for a wide range of applications including gas storage, separation technologies and catalysis. Potential applications include the storage of hydrogen for fuel-cell cars, and the removal and storage of carbon dioxide in sustainable technical processes. MOFs offer the inorganic chemist and materials scientist a wide range of new synthetic possibilities and open the doors to new and exciting basic research. Metal-Organic Frameworks Materials provides a solid basis for the understanding of MOFs and insights into new inorganic materials structures and properties. The volume also reflects progress that has been made in recent years, presenting a wide range of new applications including state-of-the art developments in the promising technology for alternative fuels. The comprehensive volume investigates structures, symmetry, supramolecular chemistry, surface engineering, recognition, properties, and reactions. The content from this book will be added online to the Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry: http://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/eibc |
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| bet surface area analysis: Adsorption, Surface Area, and Porosity Sidney John Gregg, K. S. W. Sing, 1991 The principal aim of the second edition of this book remains the same as that of the first edition: to give a critical exposition of the use of the adsorption methods for the assessment of the surface and pore size distribution of finely divided and porous solids. |
| bet surface area analysis: Determination of the Specific Surface Area of Solids by Gas Adsorption. BET Method British Standards Institute Staff, 1910-09-30 Particulate materials, Surfaces, Fineness, Adsorption, Nitrogen, Gases, Area measurement, Test equipment, Dimensions, Fineness tests, Permeability measurement, Solids, Porous materials, Gas analysis, Specimen preparation, Testing conditions, Mathematical calculations, Control samples, Adsorption indicators, Pressure, Volumetric analysis, Gravimetric analysis |
| bet surface area analysis: Statistical Parametric Mapping: The Analysis of Functional Brain Images William D. Penny, Karl J. Friston, John T. Ashburner, Stefan J. Kiebel, Thomas E. Nichols, 2011-04-28 In an age where the amount of data collected from brain imaging is increasing constantly, it is of critical importance to analyse those data within an accepted framework to ensure proper integration and comparison of the information collected. This book describes the ideas and procedures that underlie the analysis of signals produced by the brain. The aim is to understand how the brain works, in terms of its functional architecture and dynamics. This book provides the background and methodology for the analysis of all types of brain imaging data, from functional magnetic resonance imaging to magnetoencephalography. Critically, Statistical Parametric Mapping provides a widely accepted conceptual framework which allows treatment of all these different modalities. This rests on an understanding of the brain's functional anatomy and the way that measured signals are caused experimentally. The book takes the reader from the basic concepts underlying the analysis of neuroimaging data to cutting edge approaches that would be difficult to find in any other source. Critically, the material is presented in an incremental way so that the reader can understand the precedents for each new development. This book will be particularly useful to neuroscientists engaged in any form of brain mapping; who have to contend with the real-world problems of data analysis and understanding the techniques they are using. It is primarily a scientific treatment and a didactic introduction to the analysis of brain imaging data. It can be used as both a textbook for students and scientists starting to use the techniques, as well as a reference for practicing neuroscientists. The book also serves as a companion to the software packages that have been developed for brain imaging data analysis. - An essential reference and companion for users of the SPM software - Provides a complete description of the concepts and procedures entailed by the analysis of brain images - Offers full didactic treatment of the basic mathematics behind the analysis of brain imaging data - Stands as a compendium of all the advances in neuroimaging data analysis over the past decade - Adopts an easy to understand and incremental approach that takes the reader from basic statistics to state of the art approaches such as Variational Bayes - Structured treatment of data analysis issues that links different modalities and models - Includes a series of appendices and tutorial-style chapters that makes even the most sophisticated approaches accessible |
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| bet surface area analysis: Porous Materials Juan Carlos Moreno-Piraján, Liliana Giraldo-Gutierrez, Fernando Gómez-Granados, 2021-03-10 This book is written in honor of Prof. Francisco Rodriguez-Reinoso, who has made significant contributions in the area of porous materials such as active carbons and graphenes. It details the preparation of porous materials, including carbonaceous, zeolitic, and siliceous materials, MOFs, aerogels, and xerogels, describing the characterization techniques and the interpretation of the results, and highlighting common errors that can occur during the process. This book subsequently presents the use of modeling based on thermodynamics to describe the materials. Lastly, it illustrates a number of current environmental protection applications in the context of both water and air. |
| bet surface area analysis: X-Ray and Neutron Reflectivity: Principles and Applications Jean Daillant, Alain Gibaud, 2003-07-01 The reflection of and neutrons from surfaces has existed as an x-rays exp- imental for almost it is in the last technique fifty Nevertheless, only years. decade that these methods have become as of enormously popular probes This the surfaces and interfaces. to be due to of several appears convergence of intense different circumstances. These include the more n- availability be measured orders tron and sources that can over (so reflectivity x-ray many of and the much weaker surface diffuse can now also be magnitude scattering of thin films and studied in some the detail); growing importance multil- basic the realization of the ers in both and technology research; important which in the of surfaces and and role roughness plays properties interfaces; the of statistical models to characterize the of finally development topology its and its characterization from on roughness, dependence growth processes The of and to surface scattering experiments. ability x-rays neutro4s study four five orders of in scale of surfaces over to magnitude length regardless their and also their to ability probe environment, temperature, pressure, etc. , makes these the choice for buried interfaces often probes preferred obtaining information about the microstructure of often in statistical a global surfaces, the local This is manner to complementary imaging microscopy techniques, of such studies in the literature witnessed the veritable by explosion published the last few Thus these lectures will useful for over a resource years. |
| bet surface area analysis: Landscapes on the Edge National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Committee on Challenges and Opportunities in Earth Surface Processes, 2010-04-25 During geologic spans of time, Earth's shifting tectonic plates, atmosphere, freezing water, thawing ice, flowing rivers, and evolving life have shaped Earth's surface features. The resulting hills, mountains, valleys, and plains shelter ecosystems that interact with all life and provide a record of Earth surface processes that extend back through Earth's history. Despite rapidly growing scientific knowledge of Earth surface interactions, and the increasing availability of new monitoring technologies, there is still little understanding of how these processes generate and degrade landscapes. Landscapes on the Edge identifies nine grand challenges in this emerging field of study and proposes four high-priority research initiatives. The book poses questions about how our planet's past can tell us about its future, how landscapes record climate and tectonics, and how Earth surface science can contribute to developing a sustainable living surface for future generations. |
| bet surface area analysis: Methods of Seawater Analysis Klaus Grasshoff, Klaus Kremling, Manfred Ehrhardt, 2009-07-30 Since the book first appeared in 1976, Methods of Seawater Analysis has found widespread acceptance as a reliable and detailed source of information. Its second extended and revised edition published in 1983 reflected the rapid pace of instrumental and methodological evolution in the preceding years. The development has lost nothing of its momentum, and many methods and procedures still suffering their teething troubles then have now matured into dependable tools for the analyst. This is especially evident for trace and ultra-trace analyses of organic and inorganic seawater constituents which have diversified considerably and now require more space for their description than before. Methods to determine volatile halocarbons, dimethyl sulphide, photosynthetic pigments and natural radioactive tracers have been added as well as applications of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and various electrochemical methods for trace metal analysis. Another method not previously described deals with the determination of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide as part of standardised procedures to describe the marine CO2 system. |
| bet surface area analysis: Encyclopedia of Agrophysics Jan Gliński, Józef Horabik, Jerzy Lipiec, 2011-06-07 This Encyclopedia of Agrophysics will provide up-to-date information on the physical properties and processes affecting the quality of the environment and plant production. It will be a first-up volume which will nicely complement the recently published Encyclopedia of Soil Science, (November 2007) which was published in the same series. In a single authoritative volume a collection of about 250 informative articles and ca 400 glossary terms covering all aspects of agrophysics will be presented. The authors will be renowned specialists in various aspects in agrophysics from a wide variety of countries. Agrophysics is important both for research and practical use not only in agriculture, but also in areas like environmental science, land reclamation, food processing etc. Agrophysics is a relatively new interdisciplinary field closely related to Agrochemistry, Agrobiology, Agroclimatology and Agroecology. Nowadays it has been fully accepted as an agricultural and environmental discipline. As such this Encyclopedia volume will be an indispensable working tool for scientists and practitioners from different disciplines, like agriculture, soil science, geosciences, environmental science, geography, and engineering. |
| bet surface area analysis: Lost in the Never Woods Aiden Thomas, 2021-03-23 When children start to go missing in the local woods, a teen girl must face her fears and a past she can't remember to rescue them in this atmospheric YA novel, Lost in the Never Woods from the author of Cemetery Boys. It’s been five years since Wendy and her two brothers went missing in the woods, but when the town’s children start to disappear, the questions surrounding her brothers’ mysterious circumstances are brought back into the light. Attempting to flee her past, Wendy almost runs over an unconscious boy lying in the middle of the road... Peter, a boy she thought lived only in her stories, asks for Wendy’s help to rescue the missing kids. But, in order to find them, Wendy must confront what’s waiting for her in the woods. Praise for Aiden Thomas and Cemetery Boys: “This stunning debut novel from Thomas is detailed, heart-rending, and immensely romantic.” —Mark Oshiro, author of Anger is a Gift “Aiden Thomas masterfully weaves a tale of family, friendships, and love in a heartwarming adventure full of affirmation and being your best self. — C.B. Lee, author of Not Your Sidekick |
| bet surface area analysis: Activated Carbon Adsorption Roop Chand Bansal, Meenakshi Goyal, 2005-05-24 High surface area, a microporous structure, and a high degree of surface reactivity make activated carbons versatile adsorbents, particularly effective in the adsorption of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions. Activated Carbon Adsorption introduces the parameters and mechanisms involved in the activated carbon adsorption |
| bet surface area analysis: Tcl/Tk in a Nutshell Paul Raines, Jeff Tranter, 1999-03-25 The Tcl language and Tk graphical toolkit are simple and powerful building blocks for custom applications. The Tcl/Tk combination is increasingly popular because it lets you produce sophisticated graphical interfaces with a few easy commands, develop and change scripts quickly, and conveniently tie together existing utilities or programming libraries.One of the attractive features of Tcl/Tk is the wide variety of commands, many offering a wealth of options. Most of the things you'd like to do have been anticipated by the language's creator, John Ousterhout, or one of the developers of Tcl/Tk's many powerful extensions. Thus, you'll find that a command or option probably exists to provide just what you need.And that's why it's valuable to have a quick reference that briefly describes every command and option in the core Tcl/Tk distribution as well as the most popular extensions. Keep this book on your desk as you write scripts, and you'll be able to find almost instantly the particular option you need.Most chapters consist of alphabetical listings. Since Tk and mega-widget packages break down commands by widget, the chapters on these topics are organized by widget along with a section of core commands where appropriate. Contents include: Core Tcl and Tk commands and Tk widgets C interface (prototypes) Expect [incr Tcl] and [incr Tk] Tix TclX BLT Oratcl, SybTcl, and Tclodbc |
| bet surface area analysis: Holub on Patterns Allen Holub, 2004-09-27 * Allen Holub is a highly regarded instructor for the University of California, Berkeley, Extension. He has taught since 1982 on various topics, including Object-Oriented Analysis and Design, Java, C++, C. Holub will use this book in his Berkeley Extension classes. * Holub is a regular presenter at the Software Development conferences and is Contributing Editor for the online magazine JavaWorld, for whom he writes the Java Toolbox. He also wrote the OO Design Process column for IBM DeveloperWorks. * This book is not time-sensitive. It is an extremely well-thought out approach to learning design patterns, with Java as the example platform, but the concepts presented are not limited to just Java programmers. This is a complement to the Addison-Wesley seminal Design Patterns book by the Gang of Four. |
| bet surface area analysis: The Things They Carried Tim O'Brien, 2009-10-13 A classic work of American literature that has not stopped changing minds and lives since it burst onto the literary scene, The Things They Carried is a ground-breaking meditation on war, memory, imagination, and the redemptive power of storytelling. The Things They Carried depicts the men of Alpha Company: Jimmy Cross, Henry Dobbins, Rat Kiley, Mitchell Sanders, Norman Bowker, Kiowa, and the character Tim O’Brien, who has survived his tour in Vietnam to become a father and writer at the age of forty-three. Taught everywhere—from high school classrooms to graduate seminars in creative writing—it has become required reading for any American and continues to challenge readers in their perceptions of fact and fiction, war and peace, courage and fear and longing. The Things They Carried won France's prestigious Prix du Meilleur Livre Etranger and the Chicago Tribune Heartland Prize; it was also a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Critics Circle Award. |
| bet surface area analysis: Characterization of Porous Solids II KK Unger, F. Rodríguez-Reinoso, Jean Rouquerol, Kenneth Sing, 1991-04-19 The Second IUPAC Symposium on the Characterization of Porous Solids (COPS-II) provided the opportunity for detailed discussion and appraisal of the most important techniques currently used for the characterization of porous materials, especially those of technological importance. The 82 selected papers and reviews contained in this volume are mainly concerned with the theoretical and experimental aspects of adsorption, fluid penetration, small-angle scattering and spectroscopic methods with their application in the study of adsorbents, catalysts, constructional materials, etc. Particular attention is given to the characterization of carbons, oxides, zeolites, clays, cement and polymers. The wide range of materials and techniques described in this book provide a useful and comprehensive reference source for academic and industrial scientists and technologists. |
| bet surface area analysis: Cement Chemistry H F W Taylor, 1997-04 A revised and updated text on cement chemistry. This edition forms a comprehensive and in-depth reference work that explains in detail all aspects of cement chemistry. |
| bet surface area analysis: How Democracies Die Steven Levitsky, Daniel Ziblatt, 2019-01-08 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • “Comprehensive, enlightening, and terrifyingly timely.”—The New York Times Book Review (Editors' Choice) WINNER OF THE GOLDSMITH BOOK PRIZE • SHORTLISTED FOR THE LIONEL GELBER PRIZE • NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The Washington Post • Time • Foreign Affairs • WBUR • Paste Donald Trump’s presidency has raised a question that many of us never thought we’d be asking: Is our democracy in danger? Harvard professors Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt have spent more than twenty years studying the breakdown of democracies in Europe and Latin America, and they believe the answer is yes. Democracy no longer ends with a bang—in a revolution or military coup—but with a whimper: the slow, steady weakening of critical institutions, such as the judiciary and the press, and the gradual erosion of long-standing political norms. The good news is that there are several exit ramps on the road to authoritarianism. The bad news is that, by electing Trump, we have already passed the first one. Drawing on decades of research and a wide range of historical and global examples, from 1930s Europe to contemporary Hungary, Turkey, and Venezuela, to the American South during Jim Crow, Levitsky and Ziblatt show how democracies die—and how ours can be saved. Praise for How Democracies Die “What we desperately need is a sober, dispassionate look at the current state of affairs. Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt, two of the most respected scholars in the field of democracy studies, offer just that.”—The Washington Post “Where Levitsky and Ziblatt make their mark is in weaving together political science and historical analysis of both domestic and international democratic crises; in doing so, they expand the conversation beyond Trump and before him, to other countries and to the deep structure of American democracy and politics.”—Ezra Klein, Vox “If you only read one book for the rest of the year, read How Democracies Die. . . .This is not a book for just Democrats or Republicans. It is a book for all Americans. It is nonpartisan. It is fact based. It is deeply rooted in history. . . . The best commentary on our politics, no contest.”—Michael Morrell, former Acting Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (via Twitter) “A smart and deeply informed book about the ways in which democracy is being undermined in dozens of countries around the world, and in ways that are perfectly legal.”—Fareed Zakaria, CNN |
| bet surface area analysis: Particle Size Measurement Terence Allen, 1996-12-31 This is the fifth edition of the highly successful work first published in 1968, comprising two definitive volumes on particle characterisation. The first volume is devoted to sampling and particle size measurement, while surface area and pore size determination are reviewed in volume 2. Particle size and characterisation are central to understanding powder properties and behaviour. This book describes numerous potential measuring devices, how they operate and their advantages and disadvantages. It comprise a fully comprehensive treatise on the wide range of available equipment with an extensive literature survey, and a list of manufacturers and suppliers. The author's blend of academic and industrial experience results in a readable technical book with information on how to analyse, present, and extract useful information from data. This is an essential reference book for both industrial and academic research workers in a variety of areas including: pharmaceuticals, food science, pollution analysis and control, electronic materials, agricultural products, polymers, pigments and chemicals. |
| bet surface area analysis: Working Effectively with Legacy Code Michael Feathers, 2004-09-22 Get more out of your legacy systems: more performance, functionality, reliability, and manageability Is your code easy to change? Can you get nearly instantaneous feedback when you do change it? Do you understand it? If the answer to any of these questions is no, you have legacy code, and it is draining time and money away from your development efforts. In this book, Michael Feathers offers start-to-finish strategies for working more effectively with large, untested legacy code bases. This book draws on material Michael created for his renowned Object Mentor seminars: techniques Michael has used in mentoring to help hundreds of developers, technical managers, and testers bring their legacy systems under control. The topics covered include Understanding the mechanics of software change: adding features, fixing bugs, improving design, optimizing performance Getting legacy code into a test harness Writing tests that protect you against introducing new problems Techniques that can be used with any language or platform—with examples in Java, C++, C, and C# Accurately identifying where code changes need to be made Coping with legacy systems that aren't object-oriented Handling applications that don't seem to have any structure This book also includes a catalog of twenty-four dependency-breaking techniques that help you work with program elements in isolation and make safer changes. |
| bet surface area analysis: Estuarine and Coastal Hydrography and Sediment Transport R. J. Uncles, S. B. Mitchell, 2017-08-17 A practical guide to the latest techniques to measure sediments, seabed, water and transport mechanisms in estuaries and coastal waters. Covering a broad range of topics, enough background is included to explain how each technology functions. A review of recent fieldwork experiments demonstrates how modern methods apply in real-life scenarios. |
| bet surface area analysis: Characterization of Nanostructures Sverre Myhra, John C. Rivière, 2012-06-12 The techniques and methods that can be applied to materials characterization on the microscale are numerous and well-established. Divided into two parts, Characterization of Nanostructures provides thumbnail sketches of the most widely used techniques and methods that apply to nanostructures, and discusses typical applications to single nanoscale objects, as well as to ensembles of such objects. Section I: Techniques and Methods overviews the physical principles of the main techniques and describes those operational modes that are most relevant to nanoscale characterization. It provides sufficient technical detail so that readers and prospective users can gain an appreciation of the strengths and limitations of particular techniques. The section covers both mainstream and less commonly used techniques. Section II: Applications of Techniques to Structures of Different Dimensionalities and Functionalities deals with the methods for materials characterization of generic types of systems, using carefully chosen illustrations from the literature. Each chapter begins with a brief description of the materials and supplies a context for the methods for characterization. The volume concludes with a series of flow charts and brief descriptions of tactical issues. The authors focus on the needs of the research laboratory but also address those of quality control, industrial troubleshooting, and online analysis. Characterization of Nanostructures describes those techniques and their operational modes that are most relevant to nanoscale characterization. It is especially relevant to systems of different dimensionalities and functionalities. The book builds a bridge between generalists, who play vital roles in the post-disciplinary area of nanotechnology, and specialists, who view themselves as more in the context of the discipline. |
| bet surface area analysis: Particle Size Measurement Terence Allen, 1996-12-31 This is the fifth edition of the highly successful work first published in 1968, comprising two definitive volumes on particle characterisation. The first volume is devoted to sampling and particle size measurement, while surface area and pore size determination are reviewed in volume 2. Particle size and characterisation are central to understanding powder properties and behaviour. This book describes numerous potential measuring devices, how they operate and their advantages and disadvantages. It comprise a fully comprehensive treatise on the wide range of available equipment with an extensive literature survey, and a list of manufacturers and suppliers. The author's blend of academic and industrial experience results in a readable technical book with information on how to analyse, present, and extract useful information from data. This is an essential reference book for both industrial and academic research workers in a variety of areas including: pharmaceuticals, food science, pollution analysis and control, electronic materials, agricultural products, polymers, pigments and chemicals. |
| bet surface area analysis: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3 D. L. Sparks, A. L. Page, P. A. Helmke, Richard H. Loeppert, 2020-01-22 A thorough presentation of analytical methods for characterizing soil chemical properties and processes, Methods, Part 3 includes chapters on Fourier transform infrared, Raman, electron spin resonance, x-ray photoelectron, and x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies, and more. |
| bet surface area analysis: Introduction to Powder Surface Area Seymour Lowell, 1979 Good,No Highlights,No Markup,all pages are intact, Slight Shelfwear,may have the corners slightly dented, may have slight color changes/slightly damaged spine. |
| bet surface area analysis: A Dictionary of Chemistry Richard Rennie, Jonathan Law, 2016-01-21 Fully revised and updated, the seventh edition of this popular dictionary is the ideal reference resource for students of chemistry, either at school or at university. With over 5000 entries—over 175 new to this edition—it covers all aspects of chemistry, from physical chemistry to biochemistry. The seventh edition boasts broader coverage in areas such as nuclear magnetic resonance, polymer chemistry, nanotechnology and graphene, and absolute configuration, increasing the dictionary's appeal to students in these fields. New diagrams have been added and existing diagrams updated to illustrate topics that would benefit from a visual aid. There are also biographical entries on key figures, featured entries on major topics such as polymers and crystal defects, and a chronology charting the main discoveries in atomic theory, biochemistry, explosives, and plastics. |
| bet surface area analysis: Gas Adsorption Equilibria Jürgen U. Keller, Reiner Staudt, 2006-06-23 This book is intended to present for the first time experimental methods to measure equilibria states of pure and mixed gases being adsorbed on the surface of solid materials. It has been written for engineers and scientists from industry and academia who are interested in adsorption based gas separation processes and/or in using gas adsorption for characterization of the porosity of solid materials. This book is the result of a fruitful collaboration of a theoretician (JUK) and an experimentalist (RS) over more than twelve years in the field of gas adsorption systems at the Institute of Fluid- and Thermodynamics (IFT) at the University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany. This collaboration resulted in the development of several new methods to measure not only pure gas adsorption, but gas mixture or coadsorption equilibria on inert porous solids. Also several new theoretical results could be achieved leading to new types of so-called adsorption isotherms based on the concepts of molecular association and – phenomenologically speaking – on that of thermodynamic phases of fractal dimension. Naturally, results of international collaboration of the authors over the years (1980-2000) also are included. |
| bet surface area analysis: Adsorption Analysis: Equilibria And Kinetics (With Cd Containing Computer Matlab Programs) Duong D Do, 1998-09-22 This book covers topics of equilibria and kinetics of adsorption in porous media. Fundamental equilibria and kinetics are dealt with for homogeneous as well as heterogeneous particles. Five chapters of the book deal with equilibria and eight chapters deal with kinetics. Single component as well as multicomponent systems are discussed. In kinetics analysis, we deal with the various mass transport processes and their interactions inside a porous particle. Conventional approaches as well as the new approach using Maxwell-Stefan equations are presented. Various methods to measure diffusivity, such as the Differential Adsorption Bed (DAB), the time lag, the diffusion cell, chromatography, and the batch adsorber methods are also covered by the book. It can be used by lecturers and engineers who wish to carry out research in adsorption. A number of programming codes written in MatLab language are included so that readers can use them directly to better understand the behavior of single and multicomponent adsorption systems. |
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