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| binding meaning in economics: Identifying Binding Constraints to Growth Mr.Mauricio Vargas, 2015-01-14 As emphasized by Hausmann, Rodrik and Velasco, the policy challenge of boosting growth requires prioritization and identifying what are the most binding constraints. This paper draws on firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey, which suggests that the obstacles for the functioning of firms is related to firm size. Recognizing the potential endogeneity and simultaneity between firms' constraints and firm size, we implement an Ordered-Probit model with a potential categorical endogenous regressor to estimate, for the case of Bolivia, the conditional probability of facing obstacles given the firm size category, while controlling for other factors. The results confirm the importance of allowing for the roles of firm size in identifying constraints and suggest priorities for policies to remove constraints to economic performance. |
| binding meaning in economics: Input-output Economics Thijs ten Raa, 2010 Thijs ten Raa, author of the acclaimed text The Economics of InputOCoOutput Analysis, now takes the reader to the forefront of the field. This volume collects and unifies his and his co-authors'' research papers on national accounting, InputOCoOutput coefficients, economic theory, dynamic models, stochastic analysis, and performance analysis. The research is driven by the task to analyze national economies. The final part of the book scrutinizes the emerging Asian economies in the light of international competition. Sample Chapter(s). Introduction (45 KB). Chapter 1: National Accounts, Planning and Prices (108 KB). Contents: National Accounts: National Accounts, Planning and Prices; Commodity and Sector Classifications in Linked Systems of National Accounts; Accounting or Technical Coefficients: The Choice of Model in the Construction of InputOCoOutput Coefficients Matrices; The Extraction of Technical Coefficients from Input and Output Data; Neoclassical and Classical Connections: On the Methodology of InputOCoOutput Analysis; The Substitution Theorem; Dynamic InputOCoOutput Analysis: Dynamic InputOCoOutput Analysis with Distributed Activities; Applied Dynamic InputOCoOutput with Distributed Activities; Stochastic InputOCoOutput Analysis: Primary Versus Secondary Production Techniques in US Manufacturing; Stochastic Analysis of InputOCoOutput Multipliers on the Basis of Use and Make Tables; Performance Analysis: A Neoclassical Analysis of TFP Using InputOCoOutput Prices; Competition and Performance: The Different Roles of Capital and Labor; The Canadian Economy: A General Equilibrium Analysis of the Evolution of Canadian Service Productivity; The Location of Comparative Advantages on the Basis of Fundamentals Only; Asian Economies: Competitive Pressures on China: Income Inequality and Migration; Competitive Pressure on the Indian Households: A General Equilibrium Approach; and other papers. Readership: Economists at research institutes and universities, national accountants, graduate students in economics, and trade policy analysts. |
| binding meaning in economics: The Economics of Input-Output Analysis Thijs ten Raa, 2006-01-19 Input-output analysis is the main tool of applied equilibrium analysis. This textbook provides a systematic survey of the most recent developments in input-output analysis and their applications, helping us to examine questions such as: which industries are competitive? What are the multiplier effects of an investment program? How do environmental restrictions impact on prices? Linear programming and national accounting are introduced and used to resolve issues such as the choice of technique, the comparative advantage of a national economy, its efficiency and dynamic performance. Technological and environmental spillovers are analysed, both at the national level (between industries) and the international level (the measurement of globalisation effects). The book is self-contained, but assumes some familiarity with calculus, matrix algebra, and the microeconomic principle of optimizing behaviour. Exercises and review questions are included at the end of each chapter, and solutions at the end of the book. |
| binding meaning in economics: Essential Economics Matthew Bishop, 2004-05-01 |
| binding meaning in economics: Economics as an Empirical Social Science Daniel Weißbrodt, |
| binding meaning in economics: The Economics of Food Patrick Westhoff, 2010-01-08 Over the past two years, food prices have soared -- and plummeted. As crops are increasingly shifted to biofuel production, will food prices soar again? Will people starve as a result? What are the hidden relationships between the food on your plate and the gas in your car? Will economic recovery lead directly to massive price inflation in both food and energy? In this book, one of the world's leading experts untangles the complex global relationships between food, energy, and economics and helps readers come to their own conclusions about the future of food. Pat Westhoff reveals what really causes large swings in food prices and what is likely to cause them to rise and fall in the future. Westhoff discusses all the factors that drive changes in the cost of food: not just biofuel production, but also weather, income growth, exchange rates, energy prices, government policies, market speculation, and more. Next, he walks through several of the most likely scenarios for the future, offering insights that will be indispensable to consumers, commodity speculators, and policymakers alike. |
| binding meaning in economics: Economics of Good and Evil Tomas Sedlacek, 2011-07-01 Tomas Sedlacek has shaken the study of economics as few ever have. Named one of the Young Guns and one of the five hot minds in economics by the Yale Economic Review, he serves on the National Economic Council in Prague, where his provocative writing has achieved bestseller status. How has he done it? By arguing a simple, almost heretical proposition: economics is ultimately about good and evil. In The Economics of Good and Evil, Sedlacek radically rethinks his field, challenging our assumptions about the world. Economics is touted as a science, a value-free mathematical inquiry, he writes, but it's actually a cultural phenomenon, a product of our civilization. It began within philosophy--Adam Smith himself not only wrote The Wealth of Nations, but also The Theory of Moral Sentiments--and economics, as Sedlacek shows, is woven out of history, myth, religion, and ethics. Even the most sophisticated mathematical model, Sedlacek writes, is, de facto, a story, a parable, our effort to (rationally) grasp the world around us. Economics not only describes the world, but establishes normative standards, identifying ideal conditions. Science, he claims, is a system of beliefs to which we are committed. To grasp the beliefs underlying economics, he breaks out of the field's confines with a tour de force exploration of economic thinking, broadly defined, over the millennia. He ranges from the epic of Gilgamesh and the Old Testament to the emergence of Christianity, from Descartes and Adam Smith to the consumerism in Fight Club. Throughout, he asks searching meta-economic questions: What is the meaning and the point of economics? Can we do ethically all that we can do technically? Does it pay to be good? Placing the wisdom of philosophers and poets over strict mathematical models of human behavior, Sedlacek's groundbreaking work promises to change the way we calculate economic value. |
| binding meaning in economics: International Economic Review , 1997 |
| binding meaning in economics: Optimal Control Theory and Static Optimization in Economics Daniel Léonard, Ngo van Long, 1992-01-31 Optimal control theory is a technique being used increasingly by academic economists to study problems involving optimal decisions in a multi-period framework. This textbook is designed to make the difficult subject of optimal control theory easily accessible to economists while at the same time maintaining rigour. Economic intuitions are emphasized, and examples and problem sets covering a wide range of applications in economics are provided to assist in the learning process. Theorems are clearly stated and their proofs are carefully explained. The development of the text is gradual and fully integrated, beginning with simple formulations and progressing to advanced topics such as control parameters, jumps in state variables, and bounded state space. For greater economy and elegance, optimal control theory is introduced directly, without recourse to the calculus of variations. The connection with the latter and with dynamic programming is explained in a separate chapter. A second purpose of the book is to draw the parallel between optimal control theory and static optimization. Chapter 1 provides an extensive treatment of constrained and unconstrained maximization, with emphasis on economic insight and applications. Starting from basic concepts, it derives and explains important results, including the envelope theorem and the method of comparative statics. This chapter may be used for a course in static optimization. The book is largely self-contained. No previous knowledge of differential equations is required. |
| binding meaning in economics: Handbook of Environmental Economics Karl-Goran Maler, 2005-12-09 Many of the frontiers of environmental economics research are at the interface of large-scale and long-term environmental change with national and global economic systems. This is also where some of the most of challenging environmental policy issues occur. Volume 3 of the Handbook of Environmental Economics provides a synthesis of the latest theory on economywide and international environmental issues and a critical review of models for analyzing those issues. It begins with chapters on the fundamental relationships that connect environmental resources to economic growth and long-run social welfare. The following chapters consider how environmental policy differs in a general-equiIibrium setting from a partial-equilibrium setting and in a distorted economy from a perfect economy. The volume closes with chapters on environmental issues that cross or transcend national borders, such as trade and the environment, biodiversity conservation, acid rain, ozone depletion, and global climate change. The volume provides a useful reference for not only natural resource and environmental economists but also international economists, development economists, and macroeconomists. |
| binding meaning in economics: Universal Economics Armen Albert Alchian, William Richard Allen, 2018 Universal Economics is a new work that bears a strong resemblance to its two predecessors, University Economics (1964, 1967, 1972) and Exchange and Production (1969, 1977, 1983). Collaborating again, Professors Alchian and Allen have written a fresh presentation of the analytical tools employed in the economic way of thinking. More than any other principles textbook, Universal Economics develops the critical importance of property rights to the existence and success of market economies. The authors explain the interconnection between goods prices and productive-asset prices and how market-determined interest rates bring about the allocation of resources toward the satisfaction of consumption demands versus saving/investment priorities. They show how the crucial role of prices in a market economy cannot be well understood without a firm grasp of the role of money in a modern world. The Alchian and Allen application of information and search-cost analysis to the subject of money, price determination, and inflation is unique in the teaching of economic principles. No one has ever done price theory better than Alchian -- that is, no one has ever excelled Alchians ability to explain the reason, role, and nuances of prices, of competition, and of property rights. And only a precious few -- I can count them on my fingers -- have a claim for being considered to have done price theory as well as he did it. -- Donald Boudreaux, George Mason University. Armen A. Alchian (19142013), one of the twentieth centurys great teachers of economic science, taught at UCLA from 1958 to 1984. Founder of the UCLA tradition in economics, he has become recognized as one of the most influential voices in the areas of market structure, property rights, and the theory of the firm. William R. Allen taught at Washington University prior to joining the UCLA faculty in 1952. Along with research primarily in international economics and the history of economic theory, he has concentrated on teaching economics. Universal Economics is his third textbook collaboration with Armen Alchian. Jerry L. Jordan wrote his doctoral dissertation under the direction of Armen Alchian. He was Dean of the School of Management at the University of New Mexico, a member of President Reagans Council of Economic Advisors and of the U.S. Gold Commission, Director of Research of the Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis, and President and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. |
| binding meaning in economics: Institutional Economics Malcolm Rutherford, 2017-09-04 This book deals with a variety of issues including matters of method, particularly John R. Commons' pragmatism, the role of scarcity and conflict in economics as opposed to a presumed harmony of interest, and the importance of custom and common law as opposed to individual pleasures and pains. |
| binding meaning in economics: Energy Law and Economics Klaus Mathis, Bruce R. Huber, 2018-04-19 This book offers an edited volume for all readers who wish to gain an in-depth grasp of the economic analysis of recent developments in energy law and policy in Europe and the United States. In response to waning resources and heightened environmental awareness, many countries are now seeking to redefine their energy mix. Several energy sources are available: coal and oil, natural gas, and a variety of renewables. Yet which of them are capable of addressing core energy-related concerns? Reliability, security, affordability, fairness, and sustainability all have to be taken into account. Further, once a target mix has been identified, two challenges remain for legal scholars: what role does the law play in achieving a specified energy mix, and, how can the law best fulfill that role? The essential energy concerns are just as important in defining the way we shape our energy mix as they are in defining the mix itself. An example of current challenges in energy law and policy can be seen in the pursuit by the German and Swiss governments of the so-called “Energiewende” (energy transition). These policies are intended to enable the transition from a non-sustainable use of fossil and nuclear energy to a more sustainable approach based on renewable energies. On the one hand, the goal is to achieve a decarbonization of the energy economy by reducing the use of fossil energy sources such as petroleum, carbon and natural gas. On the other, and in response to the Fukushima nuclear accident, a phase out is intended to eliminate the dangers of nuclear technologies. Achieving these goals poses tremendous challenges for the two countries’ energy policies – partly because the energy transition will not only affect energy production, but also energy consumption. From a Law and Economics perspective, a number of questions arise: to what extent is it justifiable to rely on markets and continued technological innovation, especially with regard to the present exploitation of scarce resources? To what extent is it necessary for states to intervene in energy markets? Regulatory instruments are available to create and maintain more sustainable societies: command and control regulations, restraints, Pigovian taxes, emission certificates, nudging policies, and more. If regulation in a certain legal field is necessary, which policies and methods will most effectively spur the sustainable consumption and production of energy in order to protect the environment while mitigating any potential negative impacts on economic development? Do neoclassical and behavioural economics provide us with a suitable framework for predicting the market’s complex reactions to a changing energy policy? This book provides theoretical insights as well as empirical findings in order to answer these vital questions. |
| binding meaning in economics: Institutional Economics. Vol. II John Rogers Commons, |
| binding meaning in economics: Dominance Economics Fouad Sabry, 2024-01-24 What is Dominance Economics The power that a company has over a certain economic market is referred to as market dominance. One of the characteristics of a dominating corporation is the ability to exert influence over the market price and the competition. The dominance of a company is a measurement of the power of a brand, product, service, or organization in comparison to the offers of other companies in the same industry. A dominating company also has the ability to act independently of its competitors or customers, and it does not have to worry about the distribution of its resources. There is a contrast between dominant positioning, which is a legal idea, and dominant positioning, which is an economic concept. This distinction is crucial when assessing whether or not a company's market position is dominant. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Dominance (economics) Chapter 2: Monopoly Chapter 3: Oligopoly Chapter 4: Concentration ratio Chapter 5: Herfindahl-Hirschman index Chapter 6: Anti-competitive practices Chapter 7: Barriers to entry Chapter 8: Substitute good Chapter 9: European Union competition law Chapter 10: Predatory pricing Chapter 11: Competition law Chapter 12: Market power Chapter 13: Market structure Chapter 14: Merger control Chapter 15: Market concentration Chapter 16: European Union merger law Chapter 17: Relevant market Chapter 18: Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union Chapter 19: Deutsche Telekom AG v Commission Chapter 20: Telefónica SA v Commission Chapter 21: Mergers in United Kingdom law (II) Answering the public top questions about dominance economics. (III) Real world examples for the usage of dominance economics in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Dominance Economics. |
| binding meaning in economics: Proceedings of the International Conference of Economics, Business, and Entrepreneur (ICEBE 2022) Nairobi, Yuliansyah, Habibullah Jimad, Ryzal Perdana, Gede Eka Putrawan, Trio Yuda Septiawan, 2023-05-30 This is an open access book.The Faculty of Economics and Business of Universitas Lampung in Indonesia is hosting the International Conference of Economics, Business & Entrepreneurship (ICEBE) 2022, its fifth annual international conference. The goal of this conference is to provide a clear direction and substantial advancements in the quickly recovering global economy. The 5th ICEBE welcomes and cordially encourages all authors to submit outstanding works on a range of topics relevant to the conference's theme. Theme: “Global Economy and Business Recovery Growth to Create a Sustainable Business-Friendly Environment” |
| binding meaning in economics: The Gift in the Economy and Society Stefan Kesting, Ioana Negru, Paolo Silvestri, 2020-12-28 Mainstream economics offers a perspective on the gift which is constructed around exchange, axioms of self-interest, instrumental rationality and utility-maximisation – concepts that predominate within conventional forms of economic analysis. Recognising the gift as an example of social practice underpinned by social institutions, this book moves beyond this utilitarian approach to explore perspectives on the gift from social and institutional economics. Through contributions from an international and interdisciplinary cast of authors, the chapters explore key questions such as: what is the relationship between social institutions, on the one hand, and gift, exchange, reciprocity on the other? What are the social mechanisms that underpin gift and gift-giving actions? And finally, what is the relationship between individuals, societies, gift-giving and cooperation? The answers to these questions and others serve to highlight the importance of the analysis of gift in economics and other social sciences. The book also demonstrates the potential of the analysis of the gift to contribute to solving current problems for humanity at various levels of social aggregation. This key text makes a significant contribution to the literature on the gift which will be of interest to readers of heterodox economics, social anthropology, philosophy of economics, sociology and political philosophy. |
| binding meaning in economics: International Symposium on Theory and Practice in Transport Economics Resources for Tomorrow's Transport Eleventh International Symposium on Theory and Practice in Transport Economics, Brussels, 12th-14th September 1988. Introductory reports and summary of discussions European Conference of Ministers of Transport, 1989-10-31 This book contains the proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium on Theory and Practice in Transport Economics, held in Brussels, 12th-14th September 1988. The conference focused on resources for tomorrow's transport. |
| binding meaning in economics: Towards a New Paradigm in Monetary Economics Joseph Stiglitz, Bruce Greenwald, Bruce C. N. Greenwald, 2003-09-04 A pioneer treatment of monetary economics written by two of world's leading authorities. |
| binding meaning in economics: The Philosophy of Causality in Economics Mariusz Maziarz, 2020-05-13 Approximately one in six top economic research papers draws an explicitly causal conclusion. But what do economists mean when they conclude that A ‘causes’ B? Does ‘cause’ say that we can influence B by intervening on A, or is it only a label for the correlation of variables? Do quantitative analyses of observational data followed by such causal inferences constitute sufficient grounds for guiding economic policymaking? The Philosophy of Causality in Economics addresses these questions by analyzing the meaning of causal claims made by economists and the philosophical presuppositions underlying the research methods used. The book considers five key causal approaches: the regularity approach, probabilistic theories, counterfactual theories, mechanisms, and interventions and manipulability. Each chapter opens with a summary of literature on the relevant approach and discusses its reception among economists. The text details case studies, and goes on to examine papers which have adopted the approach in order to highlight the methods of causal inference used in contemporary economics. It analyzes the meaning of the causal claim put forward, and finally reconstructs the philosophical presuppositions accepted implicitly by economists. The strengths and limitations of each method of causal inference are also considered in the context of using the results as evidence for policymaking. This book is essential reading to those interested in literature on the philosophy of economics, as well as the philosophy of causality and economic methodology in general. |
| binding meaning in economics: Scandalous Economics Aida A. Hozic, Jacqui True, 2016-03-10 Of all of the lies, fragile alliances, and predatory financial dealings that have been revealed in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis of 2008, we have yet to come to terms with the ways in which structural inequalities around gender and race factor into (and indeed make possible) the current economic order. Scandalous Economics is about silences - the astonishing neglect of gender and race in explanations of the Global Financial Crisis. But, it is also about noises - the sexual scandals and gendered austerity policies that have relegated public debate, and the crisis itself, into political oblivion. While feminist economists and movements such as Occupy Wall Street have pointed to the distributional inequalities that are an effect of financial deregulation, scholars haven't really grappled with the representational inequalities inherent in the way we view the politics of the market. For example, capitalism won't be made more equitable simply by appointing women to leadership positions within financial firms or corporations. And the next crisis will not be averted if our understandings of gendered inequalities are framed by sexual scandals in media and popular culture. We need to look at the activities and the privileges of the advantaged - the TED women of the crisis -- as much as the victimization of the disadvantaged - to fully grasp the interplay between gender and economy in this fragile age of restoration. Scandalous Economics breaks new ground by doing precisely this. It argues that normalization of the post-GFC economic order in the face of its obvious breakdown(s) has been facilitated by co-optation of feminist and queer perspectives into national and international responses to the crisis. Scandalous Economics builds upon the Occupy movement and other critical analysis of the GFC to comprehensively examine gendered material, ideational and representational dimensions that have served to make the crisis and its effects, 'the new normal' in Europe and America as well as Latin America and Asia. |
| binding meaning in economics: Economic Concentration United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly, 1964 |
| binding meaning in economics: Law and Diplomacy in Commodity Economics Emiko Atimomo, 1981-10-08 |
| binding meaning in economics: Electricity Markets and Power System Economics Deqiang Gan, Donghan Feng, Jun Xie, 2013-11-12 After the first power plant in history was commissioned for commercial operation by Thomas Edison on Pearl Street in New York in 1882, electricity was sold as a consumer product at market prices. After a period of rapid development, electricity had become such a fundamental product that regulation was believed to be necessary. Since then, the power industry had been considered a natural monopoly and undergone periods of tight regulation. Deregulation started in the early 1980s and as a result, most developed countries run their power industries using a market approach. With the theories and rules of electricity markets developing rapidly, it is often difficult for beginners to start learning and difficult for those in the field to keep up. Bringing together information previously scattered among various journals and scholarly articles, Electricity Markets and Power System Economics provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of development in the electricity market. It introduces the fundamental principles of power system operation so that even those with a basic understanding can benefit from the book. The book includes a series of consistent mathematical models of market operation of power systems, and original cases with solutions. Systematically describing the basic building blocks of electricity market theory, the book provides a guide to underlying theory and mainstream market rules. |
| binding meaning in economics: Binding the Strong Man Myers, Ched , 2019-02-20 This is the first commentary on the Gospel of Mark to systematically apply a multidisciplinary approach, called 'socio-literary method.' Myers integrates literary criticism, socio-historical exegesis, and political hermeneutics in his investigation of Mark--the oldest story of Jesus--as 'manifesto of radical discipleship'.-- |
| binding meaning in economics: Roman Law and Economics Giuseppe Dari-Mattiacci, Dennis P. Kehoe, 2020 Ancient Rome is the only society in the history of the western world whose legal profession evolved autonomously, distinct and separate from institutions of political and religious power. Roman legal thought has left behind an enduring legacy and exerted enormous influence on the shaping of modern legal frameworks and systems, but its own genesis and context pose their own explanatory problems. The economic analysis of Roman law has enormous untapped potential in this regard: by exploring the intersecting perspectives of legal history, economic history, and the economic analysis of law, the two volumes of Roman Law and Economics are able to offer a uniquely interdisciplinary examination of the origins of Roman legal institutions, their functions, and their evolution over a period of more than 1000 years, in response to changes in the underlying economic activities that those institutions regulated. Volume I explores these legal institutions and organizations in detail, from the constitution of the Roman Republic to the management of business in the Empire, while Volume II covers the concepts of exchange, ownership, and disputes, analysing the detailed workings of credit, property, and slavery, among others. Throughout each volume, contributions from specialists in legal and economic history, law, and legal theory are underpinned by rigorous analysis drawing on modern empirical and theoretical techniques and methodologies borrowed from economics. In demonstrating how these can be fruitfully applied to the study of ancient societies, with due deference to the historical context, Roman Law and Economics opens up a host of new avenues of research for scholars and students in each of these fields and in the social sciences more broadly, offering new ways in which different modes of enquiry can connect with and inform each other. |
| binding meaning in economics: The New Institutional Economics Eirik Grundtvig Furubotn, Rudolf Richter, 1991 |
| binding meaning in economics: The National System of Political Economy Friedrich List, 1904 |
| binding meaning in economics: Islamic Economic Institutions In Indonesia: Are They Successful In Achieving The Maqasad-al-shari'ah Toseef Azid, Muhammad Syafii Antonio, Zafar Kayani, Murniati Mukhlisin, 2023-04-10 Islamic institutions have had a very long history, whose performance was muted during the Colonial Period. However, after the Second World War, the revival of the Islamic institutions began. Throughout its history, it had been assumed that these institutions are working for the betterment of humanity. Their target is to achieve a high level of the welfare for the concerned community. Historically these institutions were waqf, zakat and sadaqat. However from the last three decades, Islamic financial institutions have been established with the objective of providing interest- free products, transaction and services for Muslims. However there has been lot of criticism on the performance and role of these institutions. This becomes especially pertinent in a Muslim country like Indonesia, where there is a dire need to know that how these institutions are working and if it is possible for them to achieve the objectives of the Shari'ah. Some scholars have claimed that these institutions are performative and only serving 'lip service', and there are no significant differences between the Islamic and secular institutions where both kinds of institutions operate on the same foundations and differ only in use of technical terminologies. This volume aims to analyze some of the Islamic institutions which are operating in the world's biggest Muslim country, Indonesia, as a case study and analyze the contemporary Islamic Banking products and practices in the light of 'Maqasad al-Shari'ah'. The book's objective is to propose an improved system of Islamic institutions for Muslims to refer to. This volume will also analyze why these institutions are currently not able to comply with the Maqasad al Shari'ah and how it is possible to enhance the level of economic development, social wellbeing, individual freedom and equality, elimination of injustice and poverty, and achieve the other targets of the Maqasad through these institutions. |
| binding meaning in economics: First Principles of Islamic Economics Sayyid Abul A'la Mawdudi, 2013-05-23 Abul A'la Mawdudi laid down the foundations of modern Islamic economics. Drawing upon Islamic sources, Mawdudi spelled out a new paradigm for economic analysis and policy, wherein economic pursuits take place in the context of moral values and are directed towards the achievement of personal and social objectives. Integral to this approach is the concept of an interest-free economy that attempts to make efficiency and equity inseparable and interdependent. The creation and distribution of wealth thus become instrumental in promoting individual and social wellbeing, opening up pathways to development, social justice, and human welfare. This comprehensive anthology collects all of his major writings and provides a historic as well as an essential introduction to Islamic economics. Abul A'la Mawdudi (1903-1979) was a leading Muslim intellectual and a chief architect of the Islamic revival in the twentieth century. In 1941 he founded Jama'at-i-Islami, a political party in Pakistan, which he led until 1972. He authored more than a hundred works on Islam, both popular and scholarly, and his writings have been translated into some forty languages. |
| binding meaning in economics: Trust, Ethnicity, and Identity Janet T. Landa, 1994 How ethnic kin-based trading networks can rely on trust when a well-developed framework of contract laws is missing |
| binding meaning in economics: International Economics of Resource Efficiency Raimund Bleischwitz, Paul J.J. Welfens, ZhongXiang Zhang, 2011-07-17 Human societies face a threatening future of resource scarcity and environmental damages. This book addresses the challenge of turning these risks into opportunities and policies. It is a collection of high level contributions from experts of sustainable growth and sustainable resource management. Focussing on economics, sustainability, technology and policy, the book highlights system innovation, leapfrogging strategies of emerging economies, possible rebound effects and international market development. It puts natural resources centre stage and will make an important contribution to achieving the goal of a 21st century Green Economy. |
| binding meaning in economics: The Economics of Attention Richard A. Lanham, 2006-04-21 If economics is about the allocation of resources, then what is the most precious resource in our new information economy? Certainly not information, for we are drowning in it. No, what we are short of is the attention to make sense of that information. With all the verve and erudition that have established his earlier books as classics, Richard A. Lanham here traces our epochal move from an economy of things and objects to an economy of attention. According to Lanham, the central commodity in our new age of information is not stuff but style, for style is what competes for our attention amidst the din and deluge of new media. In such a world, intellectual property will become more central to the economy than real property, while the arts and letters will grow to be more crucial than engineering, the physical sciences, and indeed economics as conventionally practiced. For Lanham, the arts and letters are the disciplines that study how human attention is allocated and how cultural capital is created and traded. In an economy of attention, style and substance change places. The new attention economy, therefore, will anoint a new set of moguls in the business world—not the CEOs or fund managers of yesteryear, but new masters of attention with a grounding in the humanities and liberal arts. Lanham’s The Electronic Word was one of the earliest and most influential books on new electronic culture. The Economics of Attention builds on the best insights of that seminal book to map the new frontier that information technologies have created. |
| binding meaning in economics: OECD Arbitration in Tax Treaty Law Alicja Majdanska, Laura Turcan, 2018-09-14 Arbitration: the solution to tackle cross-border tax disputes From the increasing integration of the world economy and the lack of rules to govern the taxation of multinational enterprises to cross-border tax disputes: arbitration is one potential solution. Arbitration is not a new development in the international tax arena, but it has not yet been widely implemented in practice. In the last few years, the concept of arbitration in tax matters was revived, mainly following the OECD/G20 BEPS Project, as well as the EU Action Plan on Corporate Taxation. Now arbitration is expected to play a more significant role and enhance the existing framework of cross-border tax dispute resolution. „OECD Arbitration in Tax Treaty Law” constitutes a comprehensive compendium on international tax arbitration and provides in-depth analysis of all relevant aspects of the topic. The introductory chapters provide background information on tax arbitration and comparisons with other areas of law. The book also takes stock of the recent developments in this area within the OECD, the EU, the UN and the United States. It addresses the main concerns that have been raised with regard to arbitration, and compares and contrasts the design of various arbitration clauses. It also considers potential future developments. This compendium on international tax arbitration shows one way how to tackle the rising tide of cross-border tax disputes. |
| binding meaning in economics: Law and Economics of the Digital Transformation Klaus Mathis, Avishalom Tor, 2023-07-04 This book pursues the questions from a broad range of law and economics perspectives. Digital transformation leads to economic and social change, bringing with it both opportunities and risks. This raises questions of the extent to which existent legal frameworks are still sufficient and whether there is a need for new or additional regulation in the affected areas: new demands are made on the law and jurisprudence. |
| binding meaning in economics: Economics ... Frank Albert Fetter, 1915 |
| binding meaning in economics: Economic Principles ... Frank Albert Fetter, 1918 |
| binding meaning in economics: Foundations of Data Organization and Algorithms David B. Lomet, 1993-09-29 This volume presents the proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Data Organization and Algorithms, FODO '93, held in Evanston, Illinois. FODO '93 reflects the maturing of the database field which hasbeen driven by the enormous growth in the range of applications for databasesystems. The non-standard applications of the not-so-distant past, such ashypertext, multimedia, and scientific and engineering databases, now provide some of the central motivation for the advances in hardware technology and data organizations and algorithms. The volume contains 3 invited talks, 22 contributed papers, and 2 panel papers. The contributed papers are grouped into parts on multimedia, access methods, text processing, query processing, industrial applications, physical storage, andnew directions. |
| binding meaning in economics: Handbook of the Economics of Giving, Altruism and Reciprocity Serge-Christophe Kolm, Jean Mercier Ythier, 2006-07-20 The Handbook on the Economics of Giving, Reciprocity and Altruism provides a comprehensive set of reviews of literature on the economics of nonmarket voluntary transfers. The foundations of the field are reviewed first, with a sequence of chapters that present the hard core of the theoretical and empirical analyses of giving, reciprocity and altruism in economics, examining their relations with the viewpoints of moral philosophy, psychology, sociobiology, sociology and economic anthropology. Secondly, a comprehensive set of applications are considered of all the aspects of society where nonmarket voluntary transfers are significant: family and intergenerational transfers; charity and charitable institutions; the nonprofit economy; interpersonal relations in the workplace; the Welfare State; and international aid.*Every volume contains contributions from leading researchers*Each Handbook presents an accurate, self-contained survey of a particular topic *The series provides comprehensive and accessible surveys |
| binding meaning in economics: The Economics of Biofuel Policies Harry de Gorter, D. Drabik, David R. Just, 2015-04-09 The global food crises of 2008 and 2010 and the increased price volatility revolve around biofuels policies and their interaction with each other, farm policies and between countries. While a certain degree of research has been conducted on biofuel efficacy and logistics, there is currently no book on the market devoted to the economics of biofuel policies. The Economics of Biofuel Policies focuses on the role of biofuel policies in creating turmoil in the world grains and oilseed markets since 2006. This new volume is the first to put together theory and empirical evidence of how biofuel policies created a link between crop (food grains and oilseeds) and biofuel (ethanol and biodiesel) prices. This combined with biofuel policies role in affecting the link between biofuels and energy (gasoline, diesel and crude oil) prices will form the basis to show how alternative US, EU, and Brazilian biofuel policies have immense impacts on the level and volatility of food grain and oilseed prices. |
wpf - What is the template binding vs binding? - Stack Overflow
May 15, 2012 · Binding on its own is very good described in the MSDN. This is a very nice cheat sheet which in fact hangs on my wall right next to me. It gives a good overview of all the …
c# - WPF Binding to parent DataContext - Stack Overflow
Dec 8, 2014 · This binding is failing. We've gone through several options here including: Using AncestorType to track up the tree and bind to the DataContext of the parent UserControl like …
What is the difference between static and dynamic binding?
Mar 13, 2009 · * Execution time:-* bindings of variables to its values,as well as the binding of variable to particular storage location at the time of execution is called execution time binding. …
What are the various WPF binding modes? - Stack Overflow
Binding happens between a property of Source and a property of Target (has to be a DependencyProperty). e.g. The TextPropertyof the TextBox class is DataBound to (say) …
c# - How to set a binding in Code? - Stack Overflow
// To work around this, we create the binding once we get the viewmodel through the datacontext. var newViewModel = e.NewValue as MyViewModel; var executablePathBinding = new Binding …
c# - Binding redirects - Stack Overflow
Sep 27, 2011 · There are several configuration files that can include binding redirects. Another option besides the configuration files is to use the AppDomain.AssemblyResolve event to …
c# - Assembly Binding redirect: How and Why? - Stack Overflow
Apr 12, 2017 · Library B in turn also references library C, but of version 1.1.1.0. Now we have a conflict, because you cannot load different versions of the same assembly at runtime. To …
How do I use WPF bindings with RelativeSource? - Stack Overflow
Sep 17, 2008 · DataContext is always the reference point for Binding. Binding can directly recall values for the DataContext type format starting with the nearest DataContext.
Static Vs. Dynamic Binding in Java - Stack Overflow
Oct 26, 2016 · Static binding uses Type (class in Java) information for binding while dynamic binding uses object to resolve binding. Overloaded methods are bonded using static binding …
Simple WPF RadioButton Binding? - Stack Overflow
Aug 23, 2009 · : Binding.DoNothing; // Return Binding.DoNothing, telling the binding 'ignore this change' public override object ProvideValue(IServiceProvider serviceProvider) => this; } The …
wpf - What is the template binding vs binding? - Stack Overflow
May 15, 2012 · Binding on its own is very good described in the MSDN. This is a very nice cheat sheet which in fact hangs on my wall right next to me. It gives a good overview of all the …
c# - WPF Binding to parent DataContext - Stack Overflow
Dec 8, 2014 · This binding is failing. We've gone through several options here including: Using AncestorType to track up the tree and bind to the DataContext of the parent UserControl like …
What is the difference between static and dynamic binding?
Mar 13, 2009 · * Execution time:-* bindings of variables to its values,as well as the binding of variable to particular storage location at the time of execution is called execution time binding. …
What are the various WPF binding modes? - Stack Overflow
Binding happens between a property of Source and a property of Target (has to be a DependencyProperty). e.g. The TextPropertyof the TextBox class is DataBound to (say) …
c# - How to set a binding in Code? - Stack Overflow
// To work around this, we create the binding once we get the viewmodel through the datacontext. var newViewModel = e.NewValue as MyViewModel; var executablePathBinding = new Binding …
c# - Binding redirects - Stack Overflow
Sep 27, 2011 · There are several configuration files that can include binding redirects. Another option besides the configuration files is to use the AppDomain.AssemblyResolve event to …
c# - Assembly Binding redirect: How and Why? - Stack Overflow
Apr 12, 2017 · Library B in turn also references library C, but of version 1.1.1.0. Now we have a conflict, because you cannot load different versions of the same assembly at runtime. To …
How do I use WPF bindings with RelativeSource? - Stack Overflow
Sep 17, 2008 · DataContext is always the reference point for Binding. Binding can directly recall values for the DataContext type format starting with the nearest DataContext.
Static Vs. Dynamic Binding in Java - Stack Overflow
Oct 26, 2016 · Static binding uses Type (class in Java) information for binding while dynamic binding uses object to resolve binding. Overloaded methods are bonded using static binding …
Simple WPF RadioButton Binding? - Stack Overflow
Aug 23, 2009 · : Binding.DoNothing; // Return Binding.DoNothing, telling the binding 'ignore this change' public override object ProvideValue(IServiceProvider serviceProvider) => this; } The …
