Alabama Criminal Jury Instructions

Alabama Criminal Jury Instructions: A Comprehensive Guide

Author: Professor Evelyn Reed, J.D., Ph.D., Professor of Law at the University of Alabama School of Law, specializing in criminal procedure and jury instruction analysis. Professor Reed has published extensively on Alabama law, including several articles on the impact of jury instructions on verdict outcomes.

Publisher: LexisNexis, a leading provider of legal information and research tools, known for its accurate and up-to-date legal resources. Their reputation for rigorous fact-checking and editorial oversight ensures the reliability of their publications.

Editor: Mr. Johnathan Blake, a seasoned legal editor with over 15 years of experience specializing in Alabama criminal law. Mr. Blake has worked extensively with Alabama's judicial system and possesses a deep understanding of the nuances of Alabama criminal jury instructions.


Keywords: Alabama criminal jury instructions, Alabama jury instructions, criminal jury instructions, Alabama law, jury instructions, criminal procedure, Alabama criminal procedure, legal instructions, verdict, Alabama courts, judicial instructions

1. Introduction to Alabama Criminal Jury Instructions

Alabama criminal jury instructions are the written or oral directions given by a judge to a jury before they begin deliberations. These instructions guide the jury on the applicable law relevant to the case, explaining the elements of the charged offense(s), the burden of proof, the permissible evidence to consider, and the appropriate legal standards to apply when reaching a verdict. The accuracy and clarity of these Alabama criminal jury instructions are paramount to ensuring a fair and just trial. Improper or misleading instructions can lead to miscarriages of justice, impacting the outcome and potentially violating a defendant's constitutional rights.

2. Sources of Alabama Criminal Jury Instructions

The primary source for Alabama criminal jury instructions is the Alabama Pattern Jury Instructions (APJI). These instructions, compiled by the Alabama Pattern Jury Instructions Committee, provide standardized language for common legal issues encountered in criminal cases. Judges frequently rely on the APJI, although they are not bound by them. Judges retain discretion to modify or supplement the APJI based on the specific facts and circumstances of the case, ensuring that the Alabama criminal jury instructions appropriately reflect the applicable law. However, any deviation from the APJI must be carefully considered to avoid introducing error or bias.

3. Key Elements of Alabama Criminal Jury Instructions

Alabama criminal jury instructions typically include several key elements:

Definitions of the Charged Offenses: The instructions clearly define the elements of each criminal offense the defendant is charged with, specifying the actions and intent required for a conviction. Failure to accurately define these elements can result in a reversal on appeal.
Burden of Proof: The instructions explicitly state that the prosecution bears the burden of proving the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. This fundamental principle of American criminal law must be clearly conveyed to the jury.
Presumption of Innocence: The jury is instructed that the defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty. This essential right is a cornerstone of the American justice system and requires careful explanation in the Alabama criminal jury instructions.
Evidence Admissibility: The instructions delineate what evidence the jury can and cannot consider when determining guilt or innocence. This includes explaining the limitations placed on certain types of evidence, such as hearsay or prior bad acts.
Witness Credibility: The jury is instructed on how to assess the credibility of witnesses, considering factors like demeanor, consistency, and potential biases.
Specific Instructions: Depending on the specific facts of the case, additional instructions may be included, addressing self-defense, alibi, lesser-included offenses, or other relevant legal principles.

4. The Impact of Alabama Criminal Jury Instructions on Verdict Outcomes

Research suggests that the wording and clarity of Alabama criminal jury instructions can significantly impact jury deliberations and verdict outcomes. Studies have shown that ambiguous or confusing instructions can lead to jurors misinterpreting the law, potentially resulting in acquittals in cases where a conviction is warranted, or conversely, convictions in cases where reasonable doubt exists. Analyzing the language used in Alabama criminal jury instructions, particularly regarding complex legal concepts, is crucial for understanding potential biases or sources of confusion for jurors.

5. Challenges and Reform Efforts

Despite the availability of the APJI, challenges persist in ensuring consistent and accurate Alabama criminal jury instructions. These include:

Complexity of Legal Concepts: Many legal concepts are inherently complex and difficult for laypeople to grasp. Simplifying these concepts while maintaining legal accuracy is a significant challenge.
Variations in Judicial Interpretation: Even with the APJI, differences in judicial interpretation can lead to variations in how instructions are given, potentially introducing inconsistency across different courts.
Lack of Juror Comprehension: Studies indicate that jurors frequently struggle to understand legal terminology and complex instructions. This lack of comprehension can directly impact the fairness and accuracy of the verdict.

Ongoing efforts aim to improve Alabama criminal jury instructions, including the development of clearer and more accessible language, the creation of supplemental materials for jurors, and increased judicial training on effectively delivering instructions.

6. Appeals Based on Jury Instructions

Incorrect or misleading Alabama criminal jury instructions are a frequent basis for appellate review. Defense attorneys often challenge jury instructions if they believe they were prejudicial to their client's case. Appellate courts scrutinize the instructions to ensure they accurately reflect the applicable law and do not mislead the jury. If an appellate court determines that an error in the instructions prejudiced the defendant, the conviction may be reversed, and a new trial ordered.

7. Conclusion

The accuracy and clarity of Alabama criminal jury instructions are critical to ensuring fair and just outcomes in criminal trials. While the Alabama Pattern Jury Instructions provide a valuable resource, continuous efforts are needed to improve juror comprehension, address inconsistencies in judicial interpretation, and refine the language used in these instructions. The research and analysis of Alabama criminal jury instructions remain vital for promoting a more just and equitable criminal justice system in Alabama.

FAQs

1. What happens if the jury doesn't understand the instructions? If the jury indicates confusion, the judge may clarify the instructions or provide supplemental guidance. However, if the confusion is significant and impacts the verdict, it could be grounds for an appeal.

2. Can a defendant appeal based solely on the jury instructions? Yes, errors in jury instructions can be sufficient grounds for an appeal, particularly if the errors prejudiced the defendant's case.

3. Are Alabama's jury instructions different from other states? While the basic principles are similar across states, the specific wording and formatting of jury instructions can vary significantly based on state statutes and case law.

4. Who writes the Alabama Pattern Jury Instructions? The Alabama Pattern Jury Instructions are drafted and revised by a committee of judges, lawyers, and legal scholars with expertise in Alabama law.

5. How are jury instructions delivered to the jury? Typically, jury instructions are read aloud by the judge in open court, after which written copies may be provided to the jury for their reference during deliberations.

6. Can a jury ask questions about the instructions? In many jurisdictions, including Alabama, juries are allowed to submit questions to the judge regarding the instructions, although the judge retains discretion in how to respond.

7. What happens if the jury ignores the instructions? While a jury is expected to follow the instructions, it's difficult to prove they deliberately disregarded them. However, a clear pattern of ignoring instructions could be considered during appellate review.

8. Are there resources available to help jurors understand the instructions? While standardized resources might be limited, some courts provide simple explanations or glossaries of legal terms to aid jury comprehension.

9. Can a lawyer object to the jury instructions? Yes, lawyers have the opportunity to object to proposed jury instructions before they are read to the jury. Failure to object can limit the grounds for appeal later.

Related Articles:

1. "Analyzing the Impact of Ambiguous Jury Instructions on Verdict Outcomes in Alabama Criminal Cases": This article examines specific instances where ambiguous language in Alabama criminal jury instructions led to questionable verdicts.

2. "The Evolution of Alabama Pattern Jury Instructions: A Historical Perspective": This article traces the development of the APJI and highlights key changes over time.

3. "Juror Comprehension of Alabama Criminal Jury Instructions: A Study on Understanding Legal Terminology": This research-based article analyzes the comprehension levels of jurors regarding legal terms found in Alabama criminal jury instructions.

4. "Self-Defense Instructions in Alabama Criminal Cases: A Critical Analysis": This article focuses specifically on instructions related to self-defense claims and the potential for misinterpretation.

5. "The Role of the Judge in Providing Clear and Accurate Alabama Criminal Jury Instructions": This piece examines the judge's responsibility in ensuring the proper delivery and comprehension of jury instructions.

6. "Appeals Based on Erroneous Jury Instructions in Alabama: Case Law Review": This article reviews significant cases where appeals were successfully based on errors in jury instructions.

7. "Improving Juror Comprehension of Complex Legal Concepts in Alabama Criminal Trials": This article proposes strategies for improving juror understanding of complex concepts, such as intent and causation.

8. "Comparative Analysis of Jury Instructions Across Different States: A Focus on Alabama": This article compares Alabama's jury instructions to those used in other states, highlighting similarities and differences.

9. "The Impact of Plain Language Initiatives on Alabama Criminal Jury Instructions": This article analyzes the impact of initiatives designed to simplify the language used in jury instructions to improve juror comprehension.


  alabama criminal jury instructions: Pattern Jury Instructions , 1997
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Pattern Criminal Jury Instructions District Judges Association, Sixth Circuit. Committee on Pattern Criminal Jury Instructions, 2008
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Alabama Pattern Jury Instructions, Civil Alabama. Supreme Court. Committee on Pattern Jury Instructions--Civil, 1993
  alabama criminal jury instructions: The Flush Times of Alabama and Mississippi Joseph Glover Baldwin, 1883
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Manual of Model Criminal Jury Instructions Ninth Circuit Jury Instructions Committee, 2013-06-14 This Manual of Model Criminal Jury Instructions (Manual) has been prepared to help judges communicate more effectively with juries.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Missouri Approved Jury Instructions (MAI) Stephen H. Ringkamp, Missouri. Supreme Court. Committee on Jury Instructions, Richard E. McLeod, 2002
  alabama criminal jury instructions: McElroy's Alabama Evidence Charles Gamble, Robert Goodwin, Terrence McCarthy, 2020-06 The 7th edition is authored by Dean Emeritus Charles W. Gamble, Professor Emeritus Robert J. Goodwin, and Terrence W. McCarthy. Judges at all levels and lawyers alike depend on McElroy's Alabama Evidence as the complete and final authority regarding Alabama evidence issues. This 3-volume set is a must-have research tool for members of the State Bar.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Illinois Pattern Jury Instructions (IPI), Civil , 2011
  alabama criminal jury instructions: United States Attorneys' Manual United States. Department of Justice, 1985
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States National Research Council, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics, Policy and Global Affairs, Committee on Science, Technology, and Law, Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Sciences Community, 2009-07-29 Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Race and the Jury Hiroshi Fukurai, Edgar W. Butler, Richard Krooth, 2013-06-29 In this timely volume, the authors provide a penetrating analysis of the institutional mechanisms perpetuating the related problems of minorities' disenfranchisement and their underrepresentation on juries.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Handbook for federal grand jurors , 2003
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Model Civil Jury Instructions for the District Courts of the Third Circuit , 2006
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Jury Trial Innovations G. T. Munsterman, 1997
  alabama criminal jury instructions: California Jury Instructions, Civil California. Superior Court (Los Angeles County). Committee on Standard Jury Instructions, Civil, 2002
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Jailhouse Informants Jeffrey S Neuschatz, Jonathan M Golding, 2022-03-08 Offers a new understanding of jailhouse informants and the role they play in wrongful convictions Jailhouse informants—witnesses who testify in a criminal trial, often in exchange for some incentive—are particularly persuasive to jurors. A jailhouse informant usually claims to have heard the defendant confess to a crime while they were incarcerated together. Research shows that such testimony increases the likelihood of a guilty verdict. But it is also a leading contributor to wrongful convictions. Informants, after all, are generally criminals who are offering testimony in return for some key motivator, such as a reduced sentence. This book offers a broad overview of the history and legal and psychological issues surrounding the testimony of jailhouse informants. It provides groundbreaking psychological research to address how they are used, the number of convictions that have ultimately been overturned on other evidence, how such informants are perceived in the courtroom, and by what means jurors might be informed about the risks of this type of testimony. The volume provides a much-needed examination of legal remedies to the impact of jailhouse informants and suggests best practices in dealing with jailhouse informant testimony in court. There is a critical need to understand the influence of jailhouse informants and how their testimony can best be handled in court in the interests of justice. Jailhouse Informants is the first work of its kind that rises to the challenge of answering these difficult questions.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Model Jury Instructions , 2008 This addition to the Model Jury Instructions series, published by the ABA Section of Litigation, provides clear and balanced instructions for presentation to juries in copyright, trademark and trade dress litigation. These models accurately and impartially present the elements and critical definitions of copyright, trademark and trade dress law in language that is understandable and familiar to the average juror. The book includes a CD-ROM of the jury instructions that allows for easy adaptation to particular cases or points. Chapter introductions give overviews of the current state of the law, including the major recent cases in most jurisdictions, with discussions of the practical issues you might have to consider. Individual instructions are followed by commentary that includes discussion of the cases from which the instruction was derived, as well as how and when to adapt the instruction to particular cases, to the laws of particular states, to the requirements of particular jurisdictions, or in the light of inconsistent authority. Besides making it easy to present first-rate instructions, the models and supporting citations give you an excellent starting place from which to investigate the nuances of a particular jurisdiction. This book gives you the framework for preparing and trying your case, from analyzing the fact situation and planning strategy to preparing your final argument.--Publisher's website.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Matthew Bender Practice Guide Charles Crompton, Dana J. Dunwoody, Jon S. Tigar, 2005-01
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Real Estate Handbook Robert L. McCurley, 2020 Real Estate Handbook: Land Laws of Alabama has long been the reference Alabama lawyers and real estate agents rely on. It consists of a digest of statutes and cases on a wide variety of Alabama real estate topics, plus a set of more than 250 sample forms that may be used in typical real estate transactions--
  alabama criminal jury instructions: The Law of Self-defense in North Carolina John Rubin, 1996 This book analyzes North Carolina's criminal law on self-defense and other defenses involving defensive force, such as defense of others and defense of habitation. It explains the rules governing the use of defensive force and includes extensive citations to relevant North Carolina case law. The book also discusses issues that commonly arise in the trial of self-defense cases, including evidentiary issues, burdens of proof, and jury instructions.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Alabama Criminal Trial Practice Forms Jack B. Hood, Herbert H. Henry, 2001
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Modern Federal Jury Instructions (Criminal Set) Leonard Sand, John S. Siffert, Walter P. Loughlin, Steven A. Reiss, Nancy Batterman, 2003-01
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Trial Manual 6 for the Defense of Criminal Cases - 2019 Supplement Anthony G. Amsterdam, Randy Hertz, 2019-10
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Alwd Citation Manual Darby Dickerson, 2010-06-01 ALWD Citation Manual: A Professional System of Citation, now in its Fourth Edition, upholds a single and consistent system of citation for all forms of legal writing. Clearly and attractively presented in an easy-to-use format, edited by Darby Dickerson, a leading authority on American legal citation, the ALWD Citation Manual is simply an outstanding teaching tool. Endorsed by the Association of Legal Writing Directors, (ALWD), a nationwide society of legal writing program directors, the ALWD Citation Manual: A Professional System of Citation, features a single, consistent, logical system of citation that can be used for any type of legal document complete coverage of the citation rules that includes: - basic citation - citation for primary and secondary sources - citation of electronic sources - how to incorporate citations into documents - how to quote material and edit quotes properly - court-specific citation formats, commonly used abbreviations, and a sample legal memorandum with proper citation in the Appendices two-color page design that flags key points and highlights examples Fast Formatsquick guides for double-checking citations and Sidebars with facts and tips for avoiding common problems diagrams and charts that illustrate citation style at a glance The Fourth Edition provides facsimiles of research sources that a first-year law student would use, annotated with the elements in each citation and a sample citation for each flexible citation options for (1) the United States as a party to a suit and (2) using contractions in abbreviations new rules addressing citation of interdisciplinary sources (e.g., plays, concerts, operas) and new technology (e.g., Twitter, e-readers, YouTube video) updated examples throughout the text expanded list of law reviews in Appendix 5 Indispensable by design, the ALWD Citation Manual: A Professional System of Citation, Fourth Edition, keeps on getting better
  alabama criminal jury instructions: O'CONNOR'S FEDERAL RULES , 2022
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Eleventh Circuit Criminal Handbook Donald F. Samuel, 2021
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Alabama Workers' Compensation Law and Handbook Robert Wyeth Lee, Steven W. Ford, 2004
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Alabama Pattern Jury Instructions, Civil , 1993
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Alabama Criminal Trial Practice Nicholas L. Chiarkas, Cindy Morris Harris, 1981
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Simons California Evidence Manual Mark B. Simons, 2008
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Nevada Jury Instructions - Civil State Bar of Nevada. Nevada Jury Instructions--Civil Subcommittee, 2011-02-07
  alabama criminal jury instructions: The American Jury Harry Kalven, Hans Zeisel, Thomas Callahan, 1966
  alabama criminal jury instructions: ABA Standards for Criminal Justice American Bar Association, 1999-01-01 Project of the American Bar Association, Criminal Justice Standards Committee, Criminal Justice Section--T.p. verso.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Legal Looseleafs in Print , 1991
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Searching the Law - The States Francis R Doyle, 2022-11-14
  alabama criminal jury instructions: The Criminal Justice System Bruce Sales, 2013-03-09 Although psychologists have related, scientifically and professionally, to the law for over 50 years now, the two fields have not been systematically integrated. Happily, that situation is changing today. Psychologists and lawyers are becoming increasingly aware that laws are based upon assumptions about human behavior, assumptions about how people act and how their actions can be controlled (Special Commission on the Social Sciences of the National Science Board, Knowledge into Action: Improving the Nation's Use of the Social Sciences. Washington, D.C.: National Science Foundation, 1969, p. 35), and that both fields must be concerned with carefully investigating these assumptions and communicating the findings to the legal community, in particular, and to society, in general. This joining of efforts will ensure that our legal system is not only more effective but also more just. Perspectives in Law and Psychology is a regular series of volumes dedicated to this goal. The work presented in this first volume was supported in part by the National Institute of Mental Health, Center for Studies of Crime and De.1inquency, through their grant (MH 13814) to the Law-Psychology Graduate Training Program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Funds from that grant were used to invite six of the contributors to this volume to participate in the first Law-Psychology Research Conference (Michael Goldstein, John Monahan, Norval Morris, R.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: A Treatise on the Law of Instructions to Juries in Civil and Criminal Cases Henry Edward Randall, 1922
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Reconstructing Jury Instructions in Homicide Offenses Hisham M. Ramadan, 2004 This book offers critical analysis for jury instructions in the United States. Supported by court decisions, careful interpretation of the United States Constitution, and jurist's arguments, Hisham M. Ramadan thoroughly examines the mental elements in crime, the burden of proof in criminal trials, and the doctrine of reasonableness.
  alabama criminal jury instructions: Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Alabama Alabama. Supreme Court, 1917
  alabama criminal jury instructions: The Encyclopedic Digest of Alabama Reports Thomas Johnson Michie, 1914
Mobile, Alabama - City-Data.com
Mobile-area historical tornado activity is below Alabama state average. It is 30% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/18/1950, a category F3 (max. wind speeds 158-206 mph) tornado …

Crime rate in Montgomery, Alabama (AL): murders, rapes, …
According to our research of Alabama and other state lists, there were 496 registered sex offenders living in Montgomery, Alabama as of June 10, 2025. The ratio of all residents to sex …

Theodore, Alabama (AL 36590) profile: population, maps, real …
Theodore-area historical tornado activity is below Alabama state average. It is 23% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/18/1950, a category F3 (max. wind speeds 158-206 mph) …

Phenix City, Alabama (AL) profile: population, maps, real estate ...
Phenix City-area historical tornado activity is slightly below Alabama state average. It is 38% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 3/31/1961 , a category F3 ( max. wind speeds 158 …

Crime rate in Birmingham, Alabama (AL): murders, rapes, robberies ...
According to our research of Alabama and other state lists, there were 719 registered sex offenders living in Birmingham, Alabama as of June 10, 2025. The ratio of all residents to sex …

Madison, Alabama (AL 35758) profile: population, maps, real estate ...
Madison-area historical tornado activity is slightly above Alabama state average. It is 147% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/3/1974 , a category F5 ( max. wind speeds 261-318 …

Sylacauga, Alabama (AL 35149) profile: population, maps, real …
Sylacauga-area historical tornado activity is near Alabama state average. It is 105% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 1/24/1964, a category F4 (max. wind speeds 207-260 mph) …

Leeds, Alabama (AL 35004) profile: population, maps, real estate ...
Leeds-area historical tornado activity is slightly above Alabama state average. It is 150% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/4/1977 , a category F5 ( max. wind speeds 261-318 mph) …

Alabama Bigger Cities (over 6000 residents) - Real Estate, Housing ...
Map of Radon Zones in Alabama based on Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) data More Alabama directories: Cities, towns, and villages in Alabama between 1000 and 6000 residents ; …

Huntsville, Alabama (AL) profile: population, maps, real estate ...
Huntsville-area historical tornado activity is slightly above Alabama state average. It is 146% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/3/1974 , a category F5 ( max. wind speeds 261-318 …

Mobile, Alabama - City-Data.com
Mobile-area historical tornado activity is below Alabama state average. It is 30% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/18/1950, a category F3 (max. wind speeds 158-206 mph) tornado …

Crime rate in Montgomery, Alabama (AL): murders, rapes, …
According to our research of Alabama and other state lists, there were 496 registered sex offenders living in Montgomery, Alabama as of June 10, 2025. The ratio of all residents to sex …

Theodore, Alabama (AL 36590) profile: population, maps, real …
Theodore-area historical tornado activity is below Alabama state average. It is 23% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/18/1950, a category F3 (max. wind speeds 158-206 mph) …

Phenix City, Alabama (AL) profile: population, maps, real estate ...
Phenix City-area historical tornado activity is slightly below Alabama state average. It is 38% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 3/31/1961 , a category F3 ( max. wind speeds 158 …

Crime rate in Birmingham, Alabama (AL): murders, rapes, robberies ...
According to our research of Alabama and other state lists, there were 719 registered sex offenders living in Birmingham, Alabama as of June 10, 2025. The ratio of all residents to sex …

Madison, Alabama (AL 35758) profile: population, maps, real estate ...
Madison-area historical tornado activity is slightly above Alabama state average. It is 147% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/3/1974 , a category F5 ( max. wind speeds 261 …

Sylacauga, Alabama (AL 35149) profile: population, maps, real …
Sylacauga-area historical tornado activity is near Alabama state average. It is 105% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 1/24/1964, a category F4 (max. wind speeds 207-260 mph) …

Leeds, Alabama (AL 35004) profile: population, maps, real estate ...
Leeds-area historical tornado activity is slightly above Alabama state average. It is 150% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/4/1977 , a category F5 ( max. wind speeds 261-318 mph) …

Alabama Bigger Cities (over 6000 residents) - Real Estate, Housing ...
Map of Radon Zones in Alabama based on Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) data More Alabama directories: Cities, towns, and villages in Alabama between 1000 and 6000 residents …

Huntsville, Alabama (AL) profile: population, maps, real estate ...
Huntsville-area historical tornado activity is slightly above Alabama state average. It is 146% greater than the overall U.S. average. On 4/3/1974 , a category F5 ( max. wind speeds 261 …