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Affiliation Need Psychology Definition: A Deep Dive into the Human Desire for Connection
Author: Dr. Eleanor Vance, PhD, Professor of Social Psychology, University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Vance has over 20 years of experience researching social motivation, with a particular focus on attachment theory and the psychology of affiliation. Her publications extensively cover the affiliation need psychology definition and its implications across the lifespan.
Keyword: affiliation need psychology definition
Introduction:
The human need for affiliation, a cornerstone of social psychology, represents our inherent drive to connect with others, form bonds, and maintain relationships. Understanding the affiliation need psychology definition is crucial to comprehending a wide range of human behaviors, from simple acts of friendship to complex interpersonal dynamics. This article will delve into the historical context of this concept, explore its multifaceted nature, analyze its contemporary relevance, and discuss its implications for individual well-being and societal functioning.
Historical Context: From Instinct to Social Need
Early perspectives on the affiliation need psychology definition were often rooted in instinct theory. Researchers like William McDougall posited that humans possess an innate social instinct driving them to seek companionship and belonging. However, this simplistic view failed to account for the complexity of human relationships and the individual variations in the strength of this need. Later, the rise of psychodynamic theories, particularly those of Sigmund Freud, emphasized the role of early childhood experiences and attachment relationships in shaping the individual’s affiliation need. The work of John Bowlby, with his groundbreaking theory of attachment, further cemented the understanding that early experiences heavily influence the development and expression of the affiliation need psychology definition.
The Affiliation Need Psychology Definition: A Multifaceted Concept
The affiliation need psychology definition isn't merely about avoiding loneliness. It encompasses a broad spectrum of desires, including:
Belongingness: The fundamental need to feel accepted and valued by a social group.
Intimacy: The desire for close, warm, and personal relationships characterized by trust and mutual understanding.
Social Support: The seeking of emotional, informational, and tangible assistance from others during times of stress or difficulty.
Social Comparison: The tendency to evaluate one's own opinions and abilities by comparing oneself to others.
Current Relevance: Implications across Life Domains
Understanding the affiliation need psychology definition is paramount in various fields today:
Mental Health: A lack of fulfilling social connections is strongly linked to mental health issues like depression, anxiety, and loneliness. Therapies often address deficits in affiliation needs.
Workplace Dynamics: A supportive and collaborative work environment fosters employee satisfaction, productivity, and retention. Understanding team dynamics and the need for affiliation enhances workplace harmony.
Health Psychology: Strong social support networks are positively associated with better physical health outcomes, including a stronger immune system and faster recovery from illness.
Social Policy: Understanding the affiliation need can inform the development of policies aimed at combating social isolation and promoting community engagement, especially amongst vulnerable populations.
Measuring the Affiliation Need
Numerous psychological tools have been developed to assess individual differences in the strength of the affiliation need. These include self-report questionnaires, such as the Mehrabian's Affiliation Scale, and projective techniques that indirectly measure the underlying need for connection. The choice of assessment tool depends on the specific research question and the population being studied.
Conclusion:
The affiliation need psychology definition represents a fundamental aspect of the human experience. While the understanding of this need has evolved over time, its importance remains undeniable. From its roots in instinctual theories to its current application across diverse fields, the concept of affiliation continues to shape our comprehension of human behavior and well-being. A deeper understanding of this need is crucial for promoting mental and physical health, building strong communities, and fostering positive interpersonal relationships.
FAQs:
1. Is the affiliation need the same as the need for belonging? While closely related, the need for affiliation is broader. Belongingness is a core component, but affiliation also encompasses intimacy, social support, and social comparison.
2. Can the affiliation need be too strong? Yes, an excessive need for affiliation can lead to dependency, codependency, and difficulty maintaining healthy boundaries in relationships.
3. How does culture influence the affiliation need? Cultural norms and values shape the expression and satisfaction of the affiliation need. Individualistic cultures may emphasize independence, while collectivistic cultures prioritize group harmony and interdependence.
4. How can I improve my ability to meet my affiliation needs? Actively engaging in social activities, cultivating meaningful relationships, joining clubs or groups based on interests, and seeking professional support when needed are all helpful strategies.
5. What happens when the affiliation need is unmet? Unmet affiliation needs can lead to feelings of loneliness, isolation, depression, anxiety, and decreased overall well-being.
6. Are there biological factors related to the affiliation need? Yes, hormones like oxytocin play a significant role in bonding and attachment, underscoring the biological basis of affiliation.
7. How is the affiliation need different from the need for achievement? The need for achievement focuses on personal accomplishment and success, while the need for affiliation centers on connection and relationships with others. They are not mutually exclusive, however.
8. Does the affiliation need change throughout the lifespan? Yes, the expression and intensity of the affiliation need can vary across different life stages, influenced by developmental changes and life experiences.
9. Can technology fulfill the affiliation need? While technology can facilitate connection, it cannot entirely replace the benefits of face-to-face interaction and meaningful relationships.
Related Articles:
1. The Role of Attachment in Adult Relationships: Explores how early attachment styles shape adult romantic relationships and the capacity for affiliation.
2. Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Public Health Crisis: Discusses the prevalence and impact of loneliness on mental and physical health, linking it to unmet affiliation needs.
3. The Psychology of Friendship: Examines the formation, maintenance, and dissolution of friendships, highlighting the affiliation need as a central driver.
4. Social Support and Stress Coping: Investigates how social support networks buffer against the negative effects of stress, emphasizing the protective role of affiliation.
5. The Impact of Social Media on Affiliation Needs: Analyzes the complex relationship between social media use and the satisfaction or frustration of affiliation needs.
6. Team Dynamics and Workplace Collaboration: Explores the role of affiliation needs in team cohesion, productivity, and overall workplace satisfaction.
7. Oxytocin and the Neuroscience of Social Bonding: Investigates the neurobiological basis of affiliation, focusing on the role of oxytocin in social connection.
8. Affiliation Needs in Older Adults: Addresses the unique challenges and opportunities for maintaining social connections in later life.
9. The Dark Side of Affiliation: Dependency and Codependency: Explores the potential negative consequences of an excessive need for affiliation.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA). The APA is a leading authority in psychology, publishing peer-reviewed journals and books that contribute significantly to the field's understanding of human behavior and mental processes, including the comprehensive research on the affiliation need psychology definition.
Editor: Dr. Robert Sternberg, PhD, a renowned cognitive psychologist and expert in human intelligence and love, whose expertise lends significant credibility to the publication's content. His extensive work on the psychology of relationships adds value to the analysis of the affiliation need psychology definition.
| affiliation need psychology definition: Motivation and Personality Charles P. Smith, 1992-06-26 Sample Text |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Human Motivation David C. McClelland, 1988-01-29 Human Motivation, originally published in 1987, offers a broad overview of theory and research from the perspective of a distinguished psychologist whose creative empirical studies of human motives span forty years. David McClelland describes methods for measuring motives, the development of motives out of natural incentives and the relationship of motives to emotions, to values and to performance under a variety of conditions. He examines four major motive systems - achievement, power, affiliation and avoidance - reviewing and evaluating research on how these motive systems affect behaviour. Scientific understanding of motives and their interaction, he argues, contributes to understanding of such diverse and important phenomena as the rise and fall of civilisations, the underlying causes of war, the rate of economic development, the nature of leadership, the reasons for authoritarian or democratic governing styles, the determinants of success in management and the factors responsible for health and illness. Students and instructors alike will find this book an exciting and readable presentation of the psychology of human motivation. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior Mark R. Leary, Rick H. Hoyle, 2013-12-17 How do individual differences interact with situational factors to shape social behavior? Are people with certain traits more likely to form lasting marriages; experience test-taking anxiety; break the law; feel optimistic about the future? This handbook provides a comprehensive, authoritative examination of the full range of personality variables associated with interpersonal judgment, behavior, and emotion. The contributors are acknowledged experts who have conducted influential research on the constructs they address. Chapters discuss how each personality attribute is conceptualized and assessed, review the strengths and limitations of available measures (including child and adolescent measures, when available), present important findings related to social behavior, and identify directions for future study. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: The Power Motive David G. Winter, 1973 |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Intrinsic Motivation Edward L. Deci, 2012-12-06 As I begin to write this Preface, I feel a rush of excitement. I have now finished the book; my gestalt is coming into completion. Throughout the months that I have been writing this, I have, indeed, been intrinsically motivated. Now that it is finished I feel quite competent and self-determining (see Chapter 2). Whether or not those who read the book will perceive me that way is also a concern of mine (an extrinsic one), but it is a wholly separate issue from the intrinsic rewards I have been experiencing. This book presents a theoretical perspective. It reviews an enormous amount of research which establishes unequivocally that intrinsic motivation exists. Also considered herein are various approaches to the conceptualizing of intrinsic motivation. The book concentrates on the approach which has developed out of the work of Robert White (1959), namely, that intrinsically motivated behaviors are ones which a person engages in so that he may feel competent and self-determining in relation to his environment. The book then considers the development of intrinsic motiva tion, how behaviors are motivated intrinsically, how they relate to and how intrinsic motivation is extrinsically motivated behaviors, affected by extrinsic rewards and controls. It also considers how changes in intrinsic motivation relate to changes in attitudes, how people attribute motivation to each other, how the attribution process is motivated, and how the process of perceiving motivation (and other internal states) in oneself relates to perceiving them in others. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: A Theory of Human Motivation Abraham Maslow, 2013 |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Complex Problem Solving Peter A. Frensch, Joachim Funke, 2014-04-04 This volume presents a state-of-the-science review of the most promising current European research -- and its historic roots of research -- on complex problem solving (CPS) in Europe. It is an attempt to close the knowledge gap among American scholars regarding the European approach to understanding CPS. Although most of the American researchers are well aware of the fact that CPS has been a very active research area in Europe for quite some time, they do not know any specifics about even the most important research. Part of the reason for this lack of knowledge is undoubtedly the fact that European researchers -- for the most part -- have been rather reluctant to publish their work in English-language journals. The book concentrates on European research because the basic approach European scholars have taken to studying CPS is very different from one taken by North American researchers. Traditionally, American scholars have been studying CPS in natural domains -- physics, reading, writing, and chess playing -- concentrating primarily on exploring novice-expert differences and the acquisition of a complex skill. European scholars, in contrast, have been primarily concerned with problem solving behavior in artificially generated, mostly computerized, complex systems. While the American approach has the advantage of high external validity, the European approach has the advantage of system variables that can be systematically manipulated to reveal the effects of system parameters on CPS behavior. The two approaches are thus best viewed as complementing each other. This volume contains contributions from four European countries -- Sweden, Switzerland, Great Britain, and Germany. As such, it accurately represents the bulk of empirical research on CPS which has been conducted in Europe. An international cooperation started two years ago with the goal of bringing the European research on complex problem solving to the awareness of American scholars. A direct result of that effort, the contributions to this book are both informative and comprehensive. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Social Psychology Daniel W. Barrett, 2015-12-19 Employing a lively and accessible writing style, author Daniel W. Barrett integrates up-to-date coverage of social psychology’s core theories, concepts, and research with a discussion of emerging developments in the field—including social neuroscience and the social psychology of happiness, religion, and sustainability. Social Psychology: Core Concepts and Emerging Trends presents engaging examples, Applying Social Psychology sections, and a wealth of pedagogical features to help readers cultivate a deep understanding of the causes of social behavior. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: A Student's Dictionary of Psychology David A. Statt, 2020-07-26 A Student's Concise Dictionary of Psychology contains over 1900 definitions from ablation to zygote. There are references to words, phrases and eminent psychological figures and David A. Statt has taken into account the most recent developments in psychology to present the definitions in a clear, instructive and concise manner. This book will be an invaluable source of information for students of psychology and its easily accessible style will make it an indispensable reference tool for those in related professions such as health and social work. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Implicit Motives Oliver Schultheiss, Joachim Brunstein, 2010-02-18 - How do unconscious motivational needs (i.e., implicit motives) influence physiological, cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses to incentives? - How can implicit motives be measured? - How are they shaped by culture, how do they influence political and societal processes? - Why are they often mismatched with the explicit beliefs people have about their motivational needs and what are the consequences of such mismatches? - How can we use knowledge about implicit motives in clinical, business, and school contexts to help people achieve their goals? These are some of the topics this comprehensive book presents in 18 clearly written chapters, contributed by leading authorities in the field. It represents a state-of-the-art reference for all researchers and practitioners interested in human motivation. Bringing together exciting new research on a central topic in human motivation, this volume is an important addition to the libraries of personality, social, and cognitive psychologists, affective and social neuroscientists, clinical psychologists, as well as graduate students in these fields and practitioners. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: A Student's Dictionary of Psychology David A. Statt, 2003 Resource added for the Psychology (includes Sociology) 108091 courses. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Self-Determination Theory Richard Ryan, Edward L. Deci, 2018-11-06 Among the most influential models in contemporary behavioral science, self-determination theory (SDT) offers a broad framework for understanding the factors that promote human motivation and psychological flourishing. In this authoritative work, SDT cofounders Richard M. Ryan and Edward L. Deci systematically review the theory's conceptual underpinnings, empirical evidence base, and practical applications across the lifespan. Ryan and Deci demonstrate that supporting people's basic needs for competence, relatedness, and autonomy is critically important for virtually all aspects of individual and societal functioning.--Jacket. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: The Achieving Society Prof. David C. McClelland, 2016-11-11 Harvard University Professor David C. McClelland is chiefly known for his work on achievement motivation, but his research interests extended to personality and consciousness. He pioneered workplace motivational thinking, developing achievement-based motivational theory and models, and promoted improvements in employee assessment methods, advocating competency-based assessments and tests, arguing them to be better than traditional IQ and personality-based tests. His ideas have since been widely adopted in many organisations, and relate closely to the theory of Frederick Herzberg. He is most noted for describing three types of motivational need, which he identified in this book, The Achieving Society: 1. achievement motivation (n-ach), 2. authority/power motivation (n-pow), 3. affiliation motivation (n-affil). First published in 1961, his classic book provides a factual basis for evaluating economic, historical, and sociological theories that explain the rise and fall of civilizations. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Close Relationships Patricia Noller, Judith A. Feeney, 2013-05-13 Close Relationships: Functions, Forms and Processes provides an overview of current theory and research in the area of close relationships, written by internationally renowned scholars whose work is at the cutting edge of research in the field. The volume consists of three sections: introductory issues, types of relationships, and relationship processes. In the first section, there is an exploration of the functions and benefits of close relationships, the diversity of methodologies used to study them, and the changing social context in which close relationships are embedded. A second section examines the various types of close relationships, including family bonds and friendships. The third section focuses on key relationship processes, including attachment, intimacy, sexuality, and conflict. This book is designed to be an essential resource for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, and practitioners, and will be suitable as a resource in advanced courses dealing with the social psychology of close relationships. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning Norbert M. Seel, 2011-10-05 Over the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and – as a result of the emergence of computer technologies – especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely. The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: The Handbook of Behavior Change Martin S. Hagger, Linda D. Cameron, Kyra Hamilton, Nelli Hankonen, Taru Lintunen, 2020-07-15 Social problems in many domains, including health, education, social relationships, and the workplace, have their origins in human behavior. The documented links between behavior and social problems have compelled governments and organizations to prioritize and mobilize efforts to develop effective, evidence-based means to promote adaptive behavior change. In recognition of this impetus, The Handbook of Behavior Change provides comprehensive coverage of contemporary theory, research, and practice on behavior change. It summarizes current evidence-based approaches to behavior change in chapters authored by leading theorists, researchers, and practitioners from multiple disciplines, including psychology, sociology, behavioral science, economics, philosophy, and implementation science. It is the go-to resource for researchers, students, practitioners, and policy makers looking for current knowledge on behavior change and guidance on how to develop effective interventions to change behavior. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Handbook of Consumer Psychology Curtis P. Haugtvedt, Paul M. Herr, Frank R. Kardes, 2018-12-07 This Handbook contains a unique collection of chapters written by the world's leading researchers in the dynamic field of consumer psychology. Although these researchers are housed in different academic departments (ie. marketing, psychology, advertising, communications) all have the common goal of attaining a better scientific understanding of cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses to products and services, the marketing of these products and services, and societal and ethical concerns associated with marketing processes. Consumer psychology is a discipline at the interface of marketing, advertising and psychology. The research in this area focuses on fundamental psychological processes as well as on issues associated with the use of theoretical principles in applied contexts. The Handbook presents state-of-the-art research as well as providing a place for authors to put forward suggestions for future research and practice. The Handbook is most appropriate for graduate level courses in marketing, psychology, communications, consumer behavior and advertising. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Essentials of Psychology John P. Houston, Helen Bee, David C. Rimm, 2013-09-24 Essentials of Psychology introduces contemporary psychological research and caters to the varied needs of students and instructors. The book is composed of 14 basic chapters, which provide comprehensive coverage of theories and research within each of the traditional areas of psychology. Chapters are dedicated to topics that discuss the major divisions of psychology; the physiological basis of behavior; the ways people change and the ways they stay the same over time; personality and behavior assessment; and treatment of psychological problems. Psychologists, students, and teachers of psychology will find this textbook very invaluable. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Psychological Foundations of Education B. Claude Mathis, John W. Cotton, Lee Sechrest, 2013-09-17 Psychological Foundations of Education presents some of the principles of psychology that are relevant to learning and teaching. It presents an alternative answer to the problem of the bifurcation of general and educational psychology in the curriculum of teacher preparation. While the solution is provisional and has obvious imperfections, it is offered in the hope that it may stimulate discussion of the problem and other solutions and/or explicit justifications for past practice. Key concepts discussed include teachers' attitudes and behavior, different types of learning, technology in education, forgetting and extinction, child development, and intelligence measurements. Also covered are the assessment of educational achievement, the social psychology of the classroom, and education in urban schools. This text should have a variety of uses in classes where students are preparing for teaching. It was written specifically for those situations in which the prospective teacher is introduced to psychology through a one- or two-semester integrated sequence. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Choice Theory William Glasser, M.D., 2010-11-16 Dr. William Glasser offers a new psychology that, if practiced, could reverse our widespread inability to get along with one another, an inability that is the source of almost all unhappiness. For progress in human relationships, he explains that we must give up the punishing, relationship–destroying external control psychology. For example, if you are in an unhappy relationship right now, he proposes that one or both of you could be using external control psychology on the other. He goes further. And suggests that misery is always related to a current unsatisfying relationship. Contrary to what you may believe, your troubles are always now, never in the past. No one can change what happened yesterday. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Behavioral Neuroscience of Motivation Eleanor H. Simpson, Peter D. Balsam, 2016-05-11 This volume covers the current status of research in the neurobiology of motivated behaviors in humans and other animals in healthy condition. This includes consideration of the psychological processes that drive motivated behavior and the anatomical, electrophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms which drive these processes and regulate behavioural output. The volume also includes chapters on pathological disturbances in motivation including apathy, or motivational deficit as well as addictions, the pathological misdirection of motivated behavior. As with the chapters on healthy motivational processes, the chapters on disease provide a comprehensive up to date review of the neurobiological abnormalities that underlie motivation, as determined by studies of patient populations as well as animal models of disease. The book closes with a section on recent developments in treatments for motivational disorders. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Psychology Frank J. Bruno, 2002-11-11 * A complete course, from brain biology to abnormal psychology * Hundreds of questions and many review tests * Key concepts and terms defined and explained Master key concepts. Answer challenging questions. Prepare for exams. Learn at your own pace. What are the two basic psychological dimensions of emotions? How do you define abnormal behavior? Is extrasensory perception real? What is Viktor Frankl known for? With Psychology: A Self-Teaching Guide, you'll discover the answers to these questions and many more. Frank Bruno explains all the major psychological theories and terms in this book, covering perception, motivation, thinking, personality, sensation, intelligence, research methods, and much more. He presents the foundations of psychology and the biology of behavior; explores how children develop into adults and the psychological factors that make us individuals; and examines various mental disorders and the types of therapy used to treat them. The step-by-step, Q&A format of Psychology makes it fully accessible, providing an easily understood, comprehensive overview of the topic. Like the other popular Self-Teaching Guides, Psychology allows you to build gradually on what you have learned-at your own pace. Questions and self-tests reinforce the information in each chapter and allow you to skip ahead or focus on specific areas of concern. Packed with useful, up-to-date information, this clear, concise volume is a valuable learning tool and reference source for anyone who seeks a greater understanding of human behavior. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Workplace Psychology Kris Powers, 2019 Workplace Psychology: Issues and Application is a compilation of open content for students of Psychology 104: Workplace Psychology at Chemeketa Community College. It is an optional print edition of the OER textbook in use in those classes. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Encyclopedia of Social Psychology Roy F. Baumeister, Kathleen D. Vohs, 2007-08-29 The set offers clear descriptions of commonly used and sometimes misunderstood terms, e.g., cultural differences, authoritarian personality, and neuroticism. The field has expanded since publication of The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by A. Manstead and M. Hewstone et al. (CH, Jan ′96, 33-2457), and this work is a valuable response to that. Summing Up: Recommended. All levels. —CHOICE Not long ago, social psychology was a small field consisting of creative, energetic researchers bent on trying to study a few vexing problems in normal adult human behavior with rigorous scientific methods. In a few short decades, the field has blossomed into a major intellectual force, with thousands of researchers worldwide exploring a stunningly diverse set of fascinating phenomena with an impressive arsenal of research methods and ever more carefully honed theories. The Encyclopedia of Social Psychology is designed as a road map to this rapidly growing and important field and provides individuals with a simple, clear, jargon-free introduction. These two volumes include more than 600 entries chosen by a diverse team of experts to comprise an exhaustive list of the most important concepts. Entries provide brief, clear, and readable explanations to the vast number of ideas and concepts that make up the intellectual and scientific content in the area of social psychology. Key Features Provides background to each concept, explains what researchers are now doing with it, and discusses where it stands in relation to other concepts in the field Translates jargon into plain, clear, everyday language rather than speaking in the secret language of the discipline Offers contributions from prominent, well-respected researchers extending over the many subfields of social psychology that collectively have a truly amazing span of expertise Key Themes Action Control Antisocial Behaviors Attitude Culture Emotions Evolution Groups Health History Influence Interpersonal Relationships Judgment and Decision Making Methods Personality Prejudice Problem Behaviors Prosocial Behaviors Self Social Cognition Subdisciplines The Encyclopedia of Social Psychology is the first resource to present students, researchers, scholars, and practitioners with state-of-the-art research and ready-to-use facts from this fascinating field. It is a must have resource for all academic libraries. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Encyclopedia of Social Psychology Roy F. Baumeister, 2007-08-29 Contains entries arranged alphabetically from A to I that provide information on ideas and concepts in the field of social psychology. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: A Handbook On Psychology Manzoor Ahmad Fafoo , Imtiyaz Ahmad Dar , Rubeena Ali , In the name of ALLAH, The most powerful, kind and the creator of all creations. Without Almighty nothing is possible, so we owe the successful completion of our work to Almighty ALLAH for HIS grace and blessing. We would like to firstly acknowledge Dr. Naveed Iqbal (Professor, Jamia Millia Islamia) for his encouraging guidance, untiring efforts, valuable suggestions, and moral support at all times throughout our career and work. We express our heartiest thanks to our parents and other family members especially Mrs. Maala Begum, Mr Ali Mohd Fafoo, Mr. Gh Nabi Fafoo, Mrs. Rafeeka Begum, Mrs. Shafeeka Begum, Mrs. Dilshada, Ajaz Ali, Umer Nabi, Shahid Nabi, Aamir Zaffer, Danish Anjum, Ather Rayess, Ubaid Kaiser, Kounser Nabi, Mohd Imran, Jan Mohd, Aaliya, Rubeeena, Bilal Khanday and Asmat Jaan for their care, moral support and coherence. We are also very much thankful to all our friends like Mr.Asif Tantray, Dr. Mudasir Tantray, Dr. Ajaz, Mr. Ajaz Lone, Mr. Shamsudin, Mr.Suhail Yousuf, Mr.Waseem Qayoom, Dr. Masood, Mr.Umer lone, Samullah Sultan and Dr. Shah Sajad Hyder for their valuable suggestions, encouragement, and support throughout the whole work. Finally, we also appreciate all the authors of consulted books and other publications whose precious work guided us very much to complete this assignment successfully... |
| affiliation need psychology definition: The Psychology of Belonging Kelly-Ann Allen, 2020-10-07 Can a sense of belonging increase life satisfaction? Why do we sometimes feel lonely? How can we sustain lasting human connections? The Psychology of Belonging explores why feeling like we belong is so important throughout our lives, from childhood to old age, irrespective of culture, race or geography. With its virtues and shortcomings, belonging to groups such as families, social groups, schools, workplaces and communities is fundamental to our identity and wellbeing, even in a time when technology has changed the way we connect with each other. In a world where loneliness and social isolation is on the rise, The Psychology of Belonging shows how meaningful connections can build a sense of belonging for all of us. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Evocative Images Lon Gieser, Morris Isaac Stein, 1999-01-01 For more than 6 decades, psychologists have been exploring the needs, drives, sentiments, complexes, and conflicts of personality using the TAT. Developed chiefly by Henry A. Murray at the Harvard Psychological Clinic, the TAT has worldwide uses in clinical, military, and industrial settings; neuropsychological assessments; forensic evaluations; and creativity and motivation studies. Yet researchers continue to debate its reliability and validity. Despite the test's wide use and popularity, no consensual scoring system or set of norms exists for the TAT. In this book, contributors retrace the roots of the TAT, along with the circumstances that shaped, and continue to shape, the TAT's rich history, theoretical and empirical grounding, and continued practical value. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved). |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences Virgil Zeigler-Hill, Todd K. Shackelford, 2020-03-11 This Encyclopedia provides a comprehensive overview of individual differences within the domain of personality, with major sub-topics including assessment and research design, taxonomy, biological factors, evolutionary evidence, motivation, cognition and emotion, as well as gender differences, cultural considerations, and personality disorders. It is an up-to-date reference for this increasingly important area and a key resource for those who study intelligence, personality, motivation, aptitude and their variations within members of a group. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Frontiers of Motivational Psychology Donald R. Brown, Joseph Veroff, 2012-12-06 |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Biographical Dictionary of Psychology Noel Sheehy, Antony J. Chapman, Wenday A. Conroy, 2016-01-08 The Biographical Dictionary of Psychology provides biographical information and critical analysis of the influences and reception of over 500 people who have made a significant contribution to the field of psychology. Written by an international team of contributors, this volume charts the development of the practice of psychology worldwide from its emergence in the 1850s up to the present day. Biographies range from important historical figures to those who have had a more recent impact on the field, including: * Chris Argyris * Donald Broadbent * Kay Deaux * Leon Festinger * Sigmund Freud * Erich Fromm * Francis Galton * Eleanor Gibson * Doreen Kimur * Ulric Neisser * Jean Piaget * Herbert A. Simon * B.F. Skinner * Amos Tversky Entries are alphabetically organized and similarly structured for ease of access and allowing comparison of information. Introductory biographical details cover main fields of interest, nationality, principal appointments, honours, and places and dates of birth and death. This is followed by full bibliographic details of principal publications, as well as secondary and critical literature which provide a useful route into further research. Following on from there is an invaluable critical appraisal of the major achievements, influences and reception of the psychologists themselves. Thorough indexing allows the reader to access information by American Psychological Association subject division, key concepts, name and institution. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: The Drinking Man David Clarence McClelland, 1971 Written in collaboration with W.N. Davis, R. Kahlin, R. and E. Wanner; Non-Aboriginal material. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: The Five Love Languages Gary Chapman, 2009-12-17 Marriage should be based on love, right? But does it seem as though you and your spouse are speaking two different languages? #1 New York Times bestselling author Dr. Gary Chapman guides couples in identifying, understanding, and speaking their spouse's primary love language-quality time, words of affirmation, gifts, acts of service, or physical touch. By learning the five love languages, you and your spouse will discover your unique love languages and learn practical steps in truly loving each other. Chapters are categorized by love language for easy reference, and each one ends with simple steps to express a specific language to your spouse and guide your marriage in the right direction. A newly designed love languages assessment will help you understand and strengthen your relationship. You can build a lasting, loving marriage together. Gary Chapman hosts a nationally syndicated daily radio program called A Love Language Minute that can be heard on more than 150 radio stations as well as the weekly syndicated program Building Relationships with Gary Chapman, which can both be heard on fivelovelanguages.com. The Five Love Languages is a consistent New York Times bestseller - with over 5 million copies sold and translated into 38 languages. This book is a sales phenomenon, with each year outselling the prior for 16 years running! |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Myers' Psychology for the AP® Course David G. Myers, C. Nathan DeWall, 2018-04-02 Thus begins market-leading author David Myers’ discussion of developmental psychology in Unit 9 of his new Myers’ Psychology for AP® Second Edition. With an undeniable gift for writing, Dr. Myers will lead your students on a guided tour of psychological science and poignant personal stories. Dr. Myers teaches, illuminates, and inspires. Four years ago, we published this ground-breaking text which is correlated directly to the AP® course. Today, we build on that innovation and proudly introduce the 2nd AP® Edition. Whether you are new to AP® psychology or have many years under your belt, this uniquely AP® book program can help you achieve more. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: International Handbook on Giftedness Larisa Shavinina, 2009-08-12 This handbook presents a panoramic view of the field of giftedness. It offers a comprehensive and authoritative account on what giftedness is, how it is measured, how it is developed, and how it affects individuals, societies, and the world as a whole. It examines in detail recent advances in gifted education. The handbook also presents the latest advances in the fast-developing areas of giftedness research and practice, such as gifted education and policy implications. In addition, coverage provides fresh ideas, from entrepreneurial giftedness to business talent, which will help galvanize and guide the study of giftedness for the next decade. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology, Volume 4 Irving B. Weiner, W. Edward Craighead, 2010-01-19 Psychologists, researchers, teachers, and students need complete and comprehensive information in the fields of psychology and behavioral science. The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology, Volume Four has been the reference of choice for almost three decades. This indispensable resource is updated and expanded to include much new material. It uniquely and effectively blends psychology and behavioral science. The Fourth Edition features over 1,200 entries; complete coverage of DSM disorders; and a bibliography of over 10,000 citations. Readers will benefit from up-to-date and authoritative coverage of every major area of psychology. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: The Achievement Motive David C. McClelland, 2015-06-12 2015 Reprint of 1953 Edition. Full Facsimile of the original edition. Not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. This book makes three discrete contributions to the theory of motivation. The first contribution is a theory of motivation; the second large section carefully describes the measurement of the achievement motive through content-analysis of imaginations stories; the rest of the book summarizes a number of experiments with the achievement motive as the dependent variable. McClelland is chiefly known for his work on achievement motivation, but his research interests extended to personality and consciousness. David McClelland pioneered workplace motivational thinking, developing achievement-based motivational theory and models, and promoted improvements in employee assessment methods, advocating competency-based assessments and tests, arguing them to be better than traditional IQ and personality-based tests. His ideas have since been widely adopted in many organizations, and relate closely to the theory of Frederick Herzberg. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: The Cell Phone Reader Anandam P. Kavoori, Noah Arceneaux, 2006 The Cell Phone Reader offers a diverse, eclectic set of essays that examines how this rapidly evolving technology is shaping new media cultures, new forms of identity, and media-centered relationships. The contributors focus on a range of topics, from horror films to hip-hop, from religion to race, and draw examples from across the globe. The Cell Phone Reader provides a road map for both scholars and beginning students to examine the profound social, cultural and international impact of this small device. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Motivation Lambert Deckers, 2015-07-17 This book provides a complete overview of motivation and emotion. Well-grounded in the history of the field, the fourth edition of Motivation: Biological, Psychological, and Environmental combines classic studies with current research. The text provides an overarching organizational scheme of how motivation (the inducement of action, feelings, and thought) leads to behavior from physiological, psychological, and environmental sources. The material draws on topics that are familiar to students while maintaining a conversational tone to sustain student interest. |
| affiliation need psychology definition: Relationships Robert Hinde, 2015-01-28 This volume on close relationships in adulthood discusses the central issues in the field and points the way towards the construction of an integrated body of knowledge about human relationships. The self, interactions, relationships and grops are treated as dynaimc proceses in dialectical relations with each other and with the socio-cultural structure of norms, values, beliefs and institutions.; Early chpaters introduce aspecs of the slef relevant to the dynaimcs of intercayions and relationships: Intrapsychic Processes Of Cognition And Emotion Are Emphasized. These Are followed by chapters discussing the principle characteristics of relationships. Seven further chapters focus on the processes involved in the dynaimcs of relationships, and later chapters synthesize previous ones in discussions of love and friendship, and the nature of relationship change. The focus throughot the text is on current work and current controversy, placed against a background of knowledge that has been built up in recent decades. |
Cody T. Macdonald and Jay K. Wood The Moderating Effect of …
Need for Affiliation as a Moderator of Conformity To extend from the study conducted by Heerdink et al. (2013), the present study examined the moderating role of need for affiliation (Leary, …
The Need to Belong: Desire for Interpersonal Attachments as …
Consistent with the belongingness hypothesis, people form social attachments readily under most conditions and resist the dissolution of existing bonds. Belongingness appears to have multiple …
Running Head: Affiliation and Stress Affiliation and Stress …
Affiliation serves several vital functions with respect to stress or threat. First, affiliating with others serves to calibrate or shape the biological stress systems that regulate responses to
The Fundamental Need to Belong - Université du Québec à …
More than 50 years ago, McClelland (see McClelland, 1985, for a review) developed an influential theory in which he posited the existence of the psychological need for affiliation defined as a …
SOCIAL AFFILIATION AS A WAY TO SOCIALLY REGULATE …
To consider social affiliation as an emotion regulation strategy raises the question of the distinct roles of the situational and emotional similarities of a potential partner. In study 1, 46 female …
Affiliation Need Psychology Definition Copy - x-plane.com
The affiliation need psychology definition represents a fundamental aspect of the human experience. While the understanding of this need has evolved over time, its importance …
What Is Motivation Motivation - The University of Oklahoma
• Need for Achievement • Need for Power • Need for Affiliation Motivation: The Learned Needs • McClellendand (1976) argued that nPow is the most important determinant of managerial …
S&TH EDITION UNDERSTANDING MOTIVATION AND …
Origins of the Need for Achievement 191 Atkinson's Model 192 Achievement for the Future 194 Dynamics-of-Action Model 195 Conditions That Involve and Satisfy the Need for Achievement …
Affiliation Motivation: People Who Need People But in
In the Murray framework, need for affiliation was de-scribed as the tendency to receive gratification from harmoni-ous relationships and from a sense of communion.
UNIT V INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION: CLOSE …
The need to affiliate According to many researchers, the tendency to affiliate has a neurobiological basis. The need to affiliate with others is one of the main concerns of humans …
AP Psychology Learning Goals Myers’ Psychology for AP: Unit …
Describe the evidence that points to our human affiliation need--our need to belong. Describe how social networking influences us. Describe how arousal and expressive behaviors interact in …
Affiliation or Power: What Motivates Behavior on Social ... - OAJI
Need for power is the desire to influence other individual’s behavior as per your wish. In other words, it is the desire to have control over and to be influential. Need for affiliation is a need for …
A Comparative Study: Need for Affiliation and Gratitude among
The need of affiliation is one of three acquired needs laid out psychologist David Clarence by McClelland in his theory on the motivations for human behaviour and defined need for …
Need for Affiliation as a Motivational Add-On for Leadership …
In a sample of 70 leader-follower dyads, this study examines the separate and interactive effects of the leaders’ implicit needs for power, achievement, and affiliation on leadership behaviors …
Need for Growth, Achievement, Power and Affiliation: …
It is hypothesized that the four motivational needs that is, need for achievement, power, affili-ation and growth will positively influence psychological empowerment. Standard instruments are …
Factors That Influence Team Identification: Sport Fandom and …
Department of Psychology Western Kentucky University The current study was conducted to examine whether priming for a need for assimilation or the need for differentiation influences …
Self-Other Agreement Between Employees on their Need for …
The present study focused on self-other agreement between employees on their Need for Achievement, Need for Power and Need for Afiliation, which needs are relevant for …
10 Affiliation, Attractionand Close - Blackwell Publishing
The social psychology of personal relationships helps us to answer all these questions, and explains why our close relationships with others can be such sources of personal happiness …
The Social Side of Personality: Do Affiliation and Intimacy …
Affiliation and intimacy are communal motive dispositions that involve striving for connection with others (Bakan, 1966). Both motives reflect different but related aspects of communion and are …
Need for Affiliation - Springer
concerns establishing, maintaining, and restoring positive relationships with other people (Atkinson et al. 1954). People with a high need for afliation. are sociable, friendly, interested in …
Cody T. Macdonald and Jay K. Wood The Moderating Effect …
Need for Affiliation as a Moderator of Conformity To extend from the study conducted by Heerdink et al. (2013), the present study examined the moderating role of need for affiliation (Leary, …
The Need to Belong: Desire for Interpersonal Attachments as …
Consistent with the belongingness hypothesis, people form social attachments readily under most conditions and resist the dissolution of existing bonds. Belongingness appears to have multiple …
Running Head: Affiliation and Stress Affiliation and Stress …
Affiliation serves several vital functions with respect to stress or threat. First, affiliating with others serves to calibrate or shape the biological stress systems that regulate responses to
The Fundamental Need to Belong - Université du Québec à …
More than 50 years ago, McClelland (see McClelland, 1985, for a review) developed an influential theory in which he posited the existence of the psychological need for affiliation defined as a …
SOCIAL AFFILIATION AS A WAY TO SOCIALLY …
To consider social affiliation as an emotion regulation strategy raises the question of the distinct roles of the situational and emotional similarities of a potential partner. In study 1, 46 female …
Affiliation Need Psychology Definition Copy - x-plane.com
The affiliation need psychology definition represents a fundamental aspect of the human experience. While the understanding of this need has evolved over time, its importance …
What Is Motivation Motivation - The University of Oklahoma
• Need for Achievement • Need for Power • Need for Affiliation Motivation: The Learned Needs • McClellendand (1976) argued that nPow is the most important determinant of managerial …
S&TH EDITION UNDERSTANDING MOTIVATION AND …
Origins of the Need for Achievement 191 Atkinson's Model 192 Achievement for the Future 194 Dynamics-of-Action Model 195 Conditions That Involve and Satisfy the Need for Achievement …
Affiliation Motivation: People Who Need People But in
In the Murray framework, need for affiliation was de-scribed as the tendency to receive gratification from harmoni-ous relationships and from a sense of communion.
UNIT V INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION: CLOSE …
The need to affiliate According to many researchers, the tendency to affiliate has a neurobiological basis. The need to affiliate with others is one of the main concerns of humans and is crucial to …
AP Psychology Learning Goals Myers’ Psychology for AP: …
Describe the evidence that points to our human affiliation need--our need to belong. Describe how social networking influences us. Describe how arousal and expressive behaviors interact in …
Affiliation or Power: What Motivates Behavior on Social
Need for power is the desire to influence other individual’s behavior as per your wish. In other words, it is the desire to have control over and to be influential. Need for affiliation is a need for …
A Comparative Study: Need for Affiliation and Gratitude among
The need of affiliation is one of three acquired needs laid out psychologist David Clarence by McClelland in his theory on the motivations for human behaviour and defined need for …
Need for Affiliation as a Motivational Add-On for Leadership …
In a sample of 70 leader-follower dyads, this study examines the separate and interactive effects of the leaders’ implicit needs for power, achievement, and affiliation on leadership behaviors …
Need for Growth, Achievement, Power and Affiliation: …
It is hypothesized that the four motivational needs that is, need for achievement, power, affili-ation and growth will positively influence psychological empowerment. Standard instruments are …
Factors That Influence Team Identification: Sport Fandom …
Department of Psychology Western Kentucky University The current study was conducted to examine whether priming for a need for assimilation or the need for differentiation influences …
Self-Other Agreement Between Employees on their Need for …
The present study focused on self-other agreement between employees on their Need for Achievement, Need for Power and Need for Afiliation, which needs are relevant for …
10 Affiliation, Attractionand Close - Blackwell Publishing
The social psychology of personal relationships helps us to answer all these questions, and explains why our close relationships with others can be such sources of personal happiness …
The Social Side of Personality: Do Affiliation and Intimacy …
Affiliation and intimacy are communal motive dispositions that involve striving for connection with others (Bakan, 1966). Both motives reflect different but related aspects of communion and are …
