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| example of positive economics: Essays in Positive Economics Milton Friedman, 1953 This paper is concerned primarily with certain methodological problems that arise in constructing the distinct positive science that John Neville Keynes called for, in particular, the problem how to decide whether a suggested hypothesis or theory should be tentatively accepted as part of the body of systematized knowledge concerning what is. |
| example of positive economics: A Tea Reader Katrina Avila Munichiello, 2017-03-21 A Tea Reader contains a selection of stories that cover the spectrum of life. This anthology shares the ways that tea has changed lives through personal, intimate stories. Read of deep family moments, conquered heartbreak, and peace found in the face of loss. A Tea Reader includes stories from all types of tea people: people brought up in the tea tradition, those newly discovering it, classic writings from long-ago tea lovers and those making tea a career. Together these tales create a new image of a tea drinker. They show that tea is not simply something you drink, but it also provides quiet moments for making important decisions, a catalyst for conversation, and the energy we sometimes need to operate in our lives. The stories found in A Tea Reader cover the spectrum of life, such as the development of new friendships, beginning new careers, taking dream journeys, and essentially sharing the deep moments of life with friends and families. Whether you are a tea lover or not, here you will discover stories that speak to you and inspire you. Sit down, grab a cup, and read on. |
| example of positive economics: The Experience Economy B. Joseph Pine, James H. Gilmore, 1999 This text seeks to raise the curtain on competitive pricing strategies and asserts that businesses often miss their best opportunity for providing consumers with what they want - an experience. It presents a strategy for companies to script and stage the experiences provided by their products. |
| example of positive economics: Why Nations Fail Daron Acemoglu, James A. Robinson, 2013-09-17 Brilliant and engagingly written, Why Nations Fail answers the question that has stumped the experts for centuries: Why are some nations rich and others poor, divided by wealth and poverty, health and sickness, food and famine? Is it culture, the weather, geography? Perhaps ignorance of what the right policies are? Simply, no. None of these factors is either definitive or destiny. Otherwise, how to explain why Botswana has become one of the fastest growing countries in the world, while other African nations, such as Zimbabwe, the Congo, and Sierra Leone, are mired in poverty and violence? Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson conclusively show that it is man-made political and economic institutions that underlie economic success (or lack of it). Korea, to take just one of their fascinating examples, is a remarkably homogeneous nation, yet the people of North Korea are among the poorest on earth while their brothers and sisters in South Korea are among the richest. The south forged a society that created incentives, rewarded innovation, and allowed everyone to participate in economic opportunities. The economic success thus spurred was sustained because the government became accountable and responsive to citizens and the great mass of people. Sadly, the people of the north have endured decades of famine, political repression, and very different economic institutions—with no end in sight. The differences between the Koreas is due to the politics that created these completely different institutional trajectories. Based on fifteen years of original research Acemoglu and Robinson marshall extraordinary historical evidence from the Roman Empire, the Mayan city-states, medieval Venice, the Soviet Union, Latin America, England, Europe, the United States, and Africa to build a new theory of political economy with great relevance for the big questions of today, including: - China has built an authoritarian growth machine. Will it continue to grow at such high speed and overwhelm the West? - Are America’s best days behind it? Are we moving from a virtuous circle in which efforts by elites to aggrandize power are resisted to a vicious one that enriches and empowers a small minority? - What is the most effective way to help move billions of people from the rut of poverty to prosperity? More philanthropy from the wealthy nations of the West? Or learning the hard-won lessons of Acemoglu and Robinson’s breakthrough ideas on the interplay between inclusive political and economic institutions? Why Nations Fail will change the way you look at—and understand—the world. |
| example of positive economics: The Lost Art of Economics David C. Colander, 2001 Following up on his 1990 collection of essays Why Aren't Economists as Important as Garbagemen, Colander (Economics, Middlebury College, Vermont) reprints another 12 essays expressing his evolving ideas about the work and profession. They are intended for general academic readers, though he warns that economists will understand some parts than others, and to be fun to read. c. Book News Inc. |
| example of positive economics: Poor Economics Abhijit V. Banerjee, Esther Duflo, 2012-03-27 The winners of the Nobel Prize in Economics upend the most common assumptions about how economics works in this gripping and disruptive portrait of how poor people actually live. Why do the poor borrow to save? Why do they miss out on free life-saving immunizations, but pay for unnecessary drugs? In Poor Economics, Abhijit V. Banerjee and Esther Duflo, two award-winning MIT professors, answer these questions based on years of field research from around the world. Called marvelous, rewarding by the Wall Street Journal, the book offers a radical rethinking of the economics of poverty and an intimate view of life on 99 cents a day. Poor Economics shows that creating a world without poverty begins with understanding the daily decisions facing the poor. |
| example of positive economics: "Are Economists Basically Immoral?" Paul T. Heyne, 2008 Art Economists Basically Immoral? and Other Essays on Economics, Ethics, and Religion is a collection of Heyne's essays focused on an issue that preoccupied him throughout his life and which concerns many free-market skeptics - namely, how to reconcile the apparent selfishness of a free-market economy with ethical behavior. Written with the nonexpert in mind, and in a highly engaging style, these essays will interest students of economics, professional economists with an interest in ethical and theological topics, and Christians who seek to explore economic issues.--BOOK JACKET. |
| example of positive economics: Examining the Relationship Between Economics and Philosophy Akansel, Ilkben, 2019-10-25 In today’s data-driven world, certain infrastructures of society have begun to lose their anthropological traits. Economics, specifically, has started placing importance on quantity over quality, excluding its philosophical perspective. Scientists and associates of economics need to be reacquainted with the psychological aspect of commerce and its significance to humanity. Examining the Relationship Between Economics and Philosophy is an essential reference source that discusses the psychological view of economics as well as its philosophical background. Featuring research on topics such as cognitive science, neoliberalism, and neuroeconomics, this book is ideally designed for scientists, economists, managers, executives, academicians, researchers, and students seeking coverage on the philosophy of the financial system and its impact on competitive markets. |
| example of positive economics: Behavioral Economics Philip J. Corr, Anke C. Plagnol, 2018 What is behavioral economics and why is it important? -- The ascent and dissent of economics -- Econ: homo economicus -- Human: more homer (simpson) than homo economicus -- Manners, monkeys and moods -- Nudge: whys, ways and weasels -- Sell! the commercial (and political) world of persuasion |
| example of positive economics: Net Positive Paul Polman, Andrew Winston, 2021-10-05 A Financial Times Best Business Book of the Year Named one of 10 Best New Management Books for 2022 by Thinkers50 An advocate of sustainable capitalism explains how it's done — The Economist Polman's new book with the sustainable business expert Andrew Winston…argues that it's profitable to do business with the goal of making the world better. — The New York Times Named as recommended reading by Fortune's CEO Daily …Polman has been one of the most significant chief executives of his era and that his approach to business and its role in society has been both valuable and path-breaking. — Financial Times The ex-Unilever CEO who increased his shareholders' returns by 300% while ensuring the company ranked #1 in the world for sustainability for eleven years running has, for the first time, revealed how to do it. Teaming up with Andrew Winston, one of the world's most authoritative voices on corporate sustainability, Paul Polman shows business leaders how to take on humanity's greatest and most urgent challenges—climate change and inequality—and build a thriving business as a result. In this candid and straight-talking handbook, Polman and Winston reveal the secrets of Unilever's success and pull back the curtain on some of the world's most powerful c-suites. Net Positive boldly argues that the companies of the future will profit by fixing the world's problems, not creating them. Together the authors explode our most prevalent corporate myths: from the idea that business' only function is to maximise profits, to the naïve hope that Corporate Social Responsibility will save our species from disaster. These approaches, they argue, are destined for the graveyard. Instead, they show corporate leaders how to make their companies Net Positive—thriving by giving back more to the world than they take. Net Positive companies unleash innovation, build trust, attract the best people, thrill customers, and secure lasting success, all by helping create stronger, more inclusive societies and a healthier planet. Heal the world first, they argue, and you’ll satisfy your investors as a result. With ambitious vision and compelling stories, Net Positive will teach you how to find the inner purpose and courage you need to embrace the only business model that will matter in the years ahead. You will learn how to lead others and unlock your company's soul, while setting and delivering big and aggressive goals, and taking responsibility for all of your company's impacts. You'll find out the secrets to partnering with others, including your competition and critics, to drive transformative change from which you will prosper. You'll build a company that serves your people, your customers, your communities, your shareholders—and your children and grandchildren will thank you for it. Is this win-win for business and humanity too good to be true? Don't believe it. The world's smartest CEOs are already taking their companies on the Net Positive journey and benefitting as a result. Will you be left behind? Join the movement at netpositive.world |
| example of positive economics: Introduction to Economic Analysis R. Preston McAfee, 2009-09-24 This book presents introductory economics material using standard mathematical tools, including calculus. It is designed for a relatively sophisticated undergraduate who has not taken a basic university course in economics. The book can easily serve as an intermediate microeconomics text. The focus of this book is on the conceptual tools. Contents: 1) What is Economics? 2) Supply and Demand. 3) The US Economy. 4) Producer Theory. 5) Consumer Theory. 6) Market Imperfections. 7) Strategic Behavior. |
| example of positive economics: Foundations of Economic Analysis Paul Anthony Samuelson, 1966 |
| example of positive economics: The Risk-Wise Investor Michael T. Carpenter, 2009-08-13 User-friendly risk management tools, tips, and techniques for a less certain world Though a very high level of investor uncertainty, anxiety, and concern about risk now exists, the vast majority of investors do not genuinely understand investment risk-let alone how to effectively manage it. The Risk-Wise Investor offers a totally new, user-friendly, non-technical way to help you better understand and manage uncertainty and risk. This practical guide will help investors avoid many common pitfalls and make well informed, knowledge-based decisions when facing uncertainty and risk. It also shows how to implement a personalized, systematic risk management planning process that will allow you to manage the risks you face more effectively and improve the likelihood of achieving specific investment goals. Though traditional investment advice is based on taking the long view and diversifying portfolios, the information here shows how to incorporate additional risk management considerations into your plans. The Risk-Wise Investor also provides innovative insights that will help investors and their advisors better understand how to: Gain a practical, user-friendly, knowledge based understanding of risk and risk management Better understand and manage financial uncertainty and rapid change Release life-risk management skills in the world of investments Become less anxious, more knowledgeable, realistic, and potentially more successful investors Learn a new empowering definition of risk to more effectively address risk and uncertainty Help reduce the likelihood and potential impact of negative surprises |
| example of positive economics: Narrative Economics Robert J. Shiller, 2020-09-01 From Nobel Prize–winning economist and New York Times bestselling author Robert Shiller, a groundbreaking account of how stories help drive economic events—and why financial panics can spread like epidemic viruses Stories people tell—about financial confidence or panic, housing booms, or Bitcoin—can go viral and powerfully affect economies, but such narratives have traditionally been ignored in economics and finance because they seem anecdotal and unscientific. In this groundbreaking book, Robert Shiller explains why we ignore these stories at our peril—and how we can begin to take them seriously. Using a rich array of examples and data, Shiller argues that studying popular stories that influence individual and collective economic behavior—what he calls narrative economics—may vastly improve our ability to predict, prepare for, and lessen the damage of financial crises and other major economic events. The result is nothing less than a new way to think about the economy, economic change, and economics. In a new preface, Shiller reflects on some of the challenges facing narrative economics, discusses the connection between disease epidemics and economic epidemics, and suggests why epidemiology may hold lessons for fighting economic contagions. |
| example of positive economics: The Methodology of Positive Economics Uskali Mäki, 2009-05-28 A team of world-renowned experts cast new light on Milton Friedman's 1953 essay 'The methodology of positive economics'. |
| example of positive economics: What We Owe Each Other Minouche Shafik, 2022-08-23 From one of the leading policy experts of our time, an urgent rethinking of how we can better support each other to thrive Whether we realize it or not, all of us participate in the social contract every day through mutual obligations among our family, community, place of work, and fellow citizens. Caring for others, paying taxes, and benefiting from public services define the social contract that supports and binds us together as a society. Today, however, our social contract has been broken by changing gender roles, technology, new models of work, aging, and the perils of climate change. Minouche Shafik takes us through stages of life we all experience—raising children, getting educated, falling ill, working, growing old—and shows how a reordering of our societies is possible. Drawing on evidence and examples from around the world, she shows how every country can provide citizens with the basics to have a decent life and be able to contribute to society. But we owe each other more than this. A more generous and inclusive society would also share more risks collectively and ask everyone to contribute for as long as they can so that everyone can fulfill their potential. What We Owe Each Other identifies the key elements of a better social contract that recognizes our interdependencies, supports and invests more in each other, and expects more of individuals in return. Powerful, hopeful, and thought-provoking, What We Owe Each Other provides practical solutions to current challenges and demonstrates how we can build a better society—together. |
| example of positive economics: The Economics of World War I Stephen Broadberry, Mark Harrison, 2005-09-29 This unique volume offers a definitive new history of European economies at war from 1914 to 1918. It studies how European economies mobilised for war, how existing economic institutions stood up under the strain, how economic development influenced outcomes and how wartime experience influenced post-war economic growth. Leading international experts provide the first systematic comparison of economies at war between 1914 and 1918 based on the best available data for Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the USA, Italy, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and the Netherlands. The editors' overview draws some stark lessons about the role of economic development, the importance of markets and the damage done by nationalism and protectionism. A companion volume to the acclaimed The Economics of World War II, this is a major contribution to our understanding of total war. |
| example of positive economics: Good Economics for Hard Times Abhijit V. Banerjee, Esther Duflo, 2019-11-12 The winners of the Nobel Prize show how economics, when done right, can help us solve the thorniest social and political problems of our day. Figuring out how to deal with today's critical economic problems is perhaps the great challenge of our time. Much greater than space travel or perhaps even the next revolutionary medical breakthrough, what is at stake is the whole idea of the good life as we have known it. Immigration and inequality, globalization and technological disruption, slowing growth and accelerating climate change--these are sources of great anxiety across the world, from New Delhi and Dakar to Paris and Washington, DC. The resources to address these challenges are there--what we lack are ideas that will help us jump the wall of disagreement and distrust that divides us. If we succeed, history will remember our era with gratitude; if we fail, the potential losses are incalculable. In this revolutionary book, renowned MIT economists Abhijit V. Banerjee and Esther Duflo take on this challenge, building on cutting-edge research in economics explained with lucidity and grace. Original, provocative, and urgent, Good Economics for Hard Times makes a persuasive case for an intelligent interventionism and a society built on compassion and respect. It is an extraordinary achievement, one that shines a light to help us appreciate and understand our precariously balanced world. |
| example of positive economics: The Little Book of Economics Greg Ip, 2013-01-14 An accessible, thoroughly engaging look at how the economy really works and its role in your everyday life Not surprisingly, regular people suddenly are paying a lot closer attention to the economy than ever before. But economics, with its weird technical jargon and knotty concepts and formulas can be a very difficult subject to get to grips with on your own. Enter Greg Ip and his Little Book of Economics. Like a patient, good-natured tutor, Greg, one of today's most respected economics journalists, walks you through everything you need to know about how the economy works. Short on technical jargon and long on clear, concise, plain-English explanations of important terms, concepts, events, historical figures and major players, this revised and updated edition of Greg's bestselling guide clues you in on what's really going on, what it means to you and what we should be demanding our policymakers do about the economy going forward. From inflation to the Federal Reserve, taxes to the budget deficit, you get indispensible insights into everything that really matters about economics and its impact on everyday life Special sections featuring additional resources of every subject discussed and where to find additional information to help you learn more about an issue and keep track of ongoing developments Offers priceless insights into the roots of America's economic crisis and its aftermath, especially the role played by excessive greed and risk-taking, and what can be done to avoid another economic cataclysm Digs into globalization, the roots of the Euro crisis, the sources of China's spectacular growth, and why the gap between the economy's winners and losers keeps widening |
| example of positive economics: Economic Statecraft David A. Baldwin, 2020-09-22 Introduction -- Techniques of statecraft -- What is economic statecraft? -- Thinking about economic statecraft -- Economic statecraft in international thought -- Bargaining with economic statecraft -- National power and economic statecraft -- Classic cases reconsidered -- Foreign trade -- Foreign aid -- The legality and morality of economic statecraft -- Conclusion -- Afterword : economic statecraft : continuity and change / Ethan B. Kapstein. |
| example of positive economics: Drive Daniel H. Pink, 2011-04-05 The New York Times bestseller that gives readers a paradigm-shattering new way to think about motivation from the author of When: The Scientific Secrets of Perfect Timing Most people believe that the best way to motivate is with rewards like money—the carrot-and-stick approach. That's a mistake, says Daniel H. Pink (author of To Sell Is Human: The Surprising Truth About Motivating Others). In this provocative and persuasive new book, he asserts that the secret to high performance and satisfaction-at work, at school, and at home—is the deeply human need to direct our own lives, to learn and create new things, and to do better by ourselves and our world. Drawing on four decades of scientific research on human motivation, Pink exposes the mismatch between what science knows and what business does—and how that affects every aspect of life. He examines the three elements of true motivation—autonomy, mastery, and purpose-and offers smart and surprising techniques for putting these into action in a unique book that will change how we think and transform how we live. |
| example of positive economics: Essential Economics Matthew Bishop, 2004-05-01 |
| example of positive economics: First Principles of Economics Richard G. Lipsey, Colin Harbury, 1992 Introduction to economics for complete beginners |
| example of positive economics: The Economics of Belonging Martin Sandbu, 2020-06-16 A radical new approach to economic policy that addresses the symptoms and causes of inequality in Western society today Fueled by populism and the frustrations of the disenfranchised, the past few years have witnessed the widespread rejection of the economic and political order that Western countries built up after 1945. Political debates have turned into violent clashes between those who want to “take their country back” and those viewed as defending an elitist, broken, and unpatriotic social contract. There seems to be an increasing polarization of values. The Economics of Belonging argues that we should step back and take a fresh look at the root causes of our current challenges. In this original, engaging book, Martin Sandbu argues that economics remains at the heart of our widening inequality and it is only by focusing on the right policies that we can address it. He proposes a detailed, radical plan for creating a just economy where everyone can belong. Sandbu demonstrates that the rising numbers of the left behind are not due to globalization gone too far. Rather, technological change and flawed but avoidable domestic policies have eroded the foundations of an economy in which everyone can participate—and would have done so even with a much less globalized economy. Sandbu contends that we have to double down on economic openness while pursuing dramatic reforms involving productivity, regional development, support for small- and medium-sized businesses, and increased worker representation. He discusses how a more active macroeconomic policy, education for all, universal basic income, and better taxation of capital could work together for society’s benefit. Offering real answers, not invective, for facing our most serious political issues, The Economics of Belonging shows how a better economic system can work for all. |
| example of positive economics: Economics in One Lesson Henry Hazlitt, 2010-08-11 With over a million copies sold, Economics in One Lesson is an essential guide to the basics of economic theory. A fundamental influence on modern libertarianism, Hazlitt defends capitalism and the free market from economic myths that persist to this day. Considered among the leading economic thinkers of the “Austrian School,” which includes Carl Menger, Ludwig von Mises, Friedrich (F.A.) Hayek, and others, Henry Hazlitt (1894-1993), was a libertarian philosopher, an economist, and a journalist. He was the founding vice-president of the Foundation for Economic Education and an early editor of The Freeman magazine, an influential libertarian publication. Hazlitt wrote Economics in One Lesson, his seminal work, in 1946. Concise and instructive, it is also deceptively prescient and far-reaching in its efforts to dissemble economic fallacies that are so prevalent they have almost become a new orthodoxy. Economic commentators across the political spectrum have credited Hazlitt with foreseeing the collapse of the global economy which occurred more than 50 years after the initial publication of Economics in One Lesson. Hazlitt’s focus on non-governmental solutions, strong — and strongly reasoned — anti-deficit position, and general emphasis on free markets, economic liberty of individuals, and the dangers of government intervention make Economics in One Lesson every bit as relevant and valuable today as it has been since publication. |
| example of positive economics: The Fourth Industrial Revolution Klaus Schwab, 2017-01-03 World-renowned economist Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, explains that we have an opportunity to shape the fourth industrial revolution, which will fundamentally alter how we live and work. Schwab argues that this revolution is different in scale, scope and complexity from any that have come before. Characterized by a range of new technologies that are fusing the physical, digital and biological worlds, the developments are affecting all disciplines, economies, industries and governments, and even challenging ideas about what it means to be human. Artificial intelligence is already all around us, from supercomputers, drones and virtual assistants to 3D printing, DNA sequencing, smart thermostats, wearable sensors and microchips smaller than a grain of sand. But this is just the beginning: nanomaterials 200 times stronger than steel and a million times thinner than a strand of hair and the first transplant of a 3D printed liver are already in development. Imagine “smart factories” in which global systems of manufacturing are coordinated virtually, or implantable mobile phones made of biosynthetic materials. The fourth industrial revolution, says Schwab, is more significant, and its ramifications more profound, than in any prior period of human history. He outlines the key technologies driving this revolution and discusses the major impacts expected on government, business, civil society and individuals. Schwab also offers bold ideas on how to harness these changes and shape a better future—one in which technology empowers people rather than replaces them; progress serves society rather than disrupts it; and in which innovators respect moral and ethical boundaries rather than cross them. We all have the opportunity to contribute to developing new frameworks that advance progress. |
| example of positive economics: The Rhetoric of Economics Deirdre N. McCloskey, 1998-05-15 A classic in its field, this pathbreaking book humanized the scientific rhetoric of economics to reveal its literary soul. Economics needs to admit that it, like other sciences, works with metaphors and stories. Its most mathematical and statistical moments are properly dominated by comparison and narration, that is to say, human persuasion. The book was McCloskey's opening move in the development of a humanomics, and unification of the sciences and the humanities on the field of ordinary business life. |
| example of positive economics: The Economics of Immigration Cynthia Bansak, Nicole Simpson, Madeline Zavodny, 2015-04-24 Economics of Immigration provides students with the tools needed to examine the economic impact of immigration and immigration policies over the past century. Students will develop an understanding of why and how people migrate across borders and will learn how to analyze the economic causes and effects of immigration. The main objectives of the book are for students to understand the decision to migrate; to understand the impact of immigration on markets and government budgets; and to understand the consequences of immigration policies in a global context. From the first chapter, students will develop an appreciation of the importance of immigration as a separate academic field within labor economics and international economics. Topics covered include the effect of immigration on labor markets, housing markets, international trade, tax revenues, human capital accumulation, and government fiscal balances. The book also considers the impact of immigration on what firms choose to produce, and even on the ethnic diversity of restaurants and on financial markets, as well as the theory and evidence on immigrants’ economic assimilation. The textbook includes a comparative study of immigration policies in a number of immigrant-receiving and sending countries, beginning with the history of immigration policy in the United States. Finally, the book explores immigration topics that directly affect developing countries, such as remittances, brain drain, human trafficking, and rural-urban internal migration. Readers will also be fully equipped with the tools needed to understand and contribute to policy debates on this controversial topic. This is the first textbook to comprehensively cover the economics of immigration, and it is suitable both for economics students and for students studying migration in other disciplines, such as sociology and politics. |
| example of positive economics: Economics Rules Dani Rodrik, 2015 A leading economist trains a lens on his own discipline to uncover when it fails and when it works. |
| example of positive economics: Principles of Conflict Economics Charles H. Anderton, John R. Carter, 2019-04-25 Provides comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of the key themes and principles of conflict economics. |
| example of positive economics: Development as Freedom Amartya Sen, 2011-05-25 By the winner of the 1988 Nobel Prize in Economics, an essential and paradigm-altering framework for understanding economic development--for both rich and poor--in the twenty-first century. Freedom, Sen argues, is both the end and most efficient means of sustaining economic life and the key to securing the general welfare of the world's entire population. Releasing the idea of individual freedom from association with any particular historical, intellectual, political, or religious tradition, Sen clearly demonstrates its current applicability and possibilities. In the new global economy, where, despite unprecedented increases in overall opulence, the contemporary world denies elementary freedoms to vast numbers--perhaps even the majority of people--he concludes, it is still possible to practically and optimistically restain a sense of social accountability. Development as Freedom is essential reading. |
| example of positive economics: Economical Writing, Third Edition Deirdre Nansen McCloskey, 2019-05-17 Write clearly about any subject: “Writers should check out Economical Writing, and editors should recommend it. Your future readers will be thankful.” —Journal of Scholarly Publishing Economics is not a field known for good writing. Charts, yes. Sparkling prose, no. Except, that is, when it comes to Deirdre Nansen McCloskey. Her conversational and witty yet always clear style is a hallmark of her classic works of economic history, enlivening the dismal science and engaging readers well beyond the discipline. And now she’s here to share the secrets of how it’s done, no matter what your field. Economical Writing is itself economical: a collection of thirty-five pithy rules for making your writing clear, concise, and effective. Proceeding from big-picture ideas to concrete strategies for improvement at the level of the paragraph, sentence, or word, McCloskey shows us that good writing, after all, is not just a matter of taste—it’s a product of adept intuition and a rigorous revision process. Debunking stale rules, warning us that “footnotes are nests for pedants,” and offering an arsenal of readily applicable tools and methods, she shows writers of all levels of experience how to rethink the way they approach their work, and gives them the knowledge to turn mediocre prose into magic. At once efficient and digestible, hilarious and provocative, Economical Writing lives up to its promise. With McCloskey as our guide, we discover how any piece of writing—on economics or any other subject—can be a pleasure to read. |
| example of positive economics: Doughnut Economics Kate Raworth, 2018-03-08 Economics is the mother tongue of public policy. It dominates our decision-making for the future, guides multi-billion-dollar investments, and shapes our responses to climate change, inequality, and other environmental and social challenges that define our times. Pity then, or more like disaster, that its fundamental ideas are centuries out of date yet are still taught in college courses worldwide and still used to address critical issues in government and business alike. That’s why it is time, says renegade economist Kate Raworth, to revise our economic thinking for the 21st century. In Doughnut Economics, she sets out seven key ways to fundamentally reframe our understanding of what economics is and does. Along the way, she points out how we can break our addiction to growth; redesign money, finance, and business to be in service to people; and create economies that are regenerative and distributive by design. Named after the now-iconic “doughnut” image that Raworth first drew to depict a sweet spot of human prosperity (an image that appealed to the Occupy Movement, the United Nations, eco-activists, and business leaders alike), Doughnut Economics offers a radically new compass for guiding global development, government policy, and corporate strategy, and sets new standards for what economic success looks like. Raworth handpicks the best emergent ideas—from ecological, behavioral, feminist, and institutional economics to complexity thinking and Earth-systems science—to address this question: How can we turn economies that need to grow, whether or not they make us thrive, into economies that make us thrive, whether or not they grow? Simple, playful, and eloquent, Doughnut Economics offers game-changing analysis and inspiration for a new generation of economic thinkers. |
| example of positive economics: Philosophy of Economics Uskali Mäki, 2012-06-12 Part of the Handbook of the Philosophy of Science Series edited by: Dov M. Gabbay King's College, London, UK; Paul Thagard University of Waterloo, Canada; and John Woods University of British Columbia, Canada. Philosophy of Economics investigates the foundational concepts and methods of economics, the social science that analyzes the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. This groundbreaking collection, the most thorough treatment of the philosophy of economics ever published, brings together philosophers, scientists and historians to map out the central topics in the field. The articles are divided into two groups. Chapters in the first group deal with various philosophical issues characteristic of economics in general, including realism and Lakatos, explanation and testing, modeling and mathematics, political ideology and feminist epistemology. Chapters in the second group discuss particular methods, theories and branches of economics, including forecasting and measurement, econometrics and experimentation, rational choice and agency issues, game theory and social choice, behavioral economics and public choice, geographical economics and evolutionary economics, and finally the economics of scientific knowledge. This volume serves as a detailed introduction for those new to the field as well as a rich source of new insights and potential research agendas for those already engaged with the philosophy of economics. Provides a bridge between philosophy and current scientific findings Encourages multi-disciplinary dialogue Covers theory and applications |
| example of positive economics: An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations Adam Smith, 1822 |
| example of positive economics: Issues in Law and Economics Harold Winter, 2017-01-27 Is file-sharing destroying the music industry? Should the courts encourage breach of contract? Does the threat of malpractice lawsuits cause doctors to provide too much medical care? Do judges discriminate when sentencing? With Issues in Law and Economics, Harold Winter takes readers through these and other recent and controversial questions. In an accessible and engaging manner, Winter shows these legal issues can be reexamined through the use of economic analysis. Using real-world cases to highlight issues, Winter offers step-by-step analysis, guiding readers through the identification of the trade-offs involved in each issue and assessing the economic evidence from scholarly research before exploring how this research may be used to guide policy recommendations. The book is divided into four sections, covering the basic practice areas of property, contracts, torts, and crime, with a fifth section devoted to a concise introduction to the topic of behavioral law and economics. Each chapter concludes with a series of thought-provoking discussion questions that provide readers the opportunity to further explore important ideas and concepts. |
| example of positive economics: Principles of Economics in Context Neva Goodwin, Jonathan M. Harris, Julie A. Nelson, Brian Roach, Mariano Torras, 2015-03-04 Principles of Economics in Context lays out the principles of micro- and macroeconomics in a manner that is thorough, up to date, and relevant to students, attuned to the economic realities of the world around them. It offers engaging treatment of important current topics such as new thinking in behavioral economics, financial instability and market bubbles, debt and deficits, and policy responses to the problems of unemployment, inequality, and environmental sustainability. This new, affordable edition combines the just-released new editions of Microeconomics in Context and Macroeconomics in Context to provide an integrated full-year text covering all aspects of both micro and macro analysis and application, with many up-to-date examples and extensive supporting web resources for instructors and students. Key features include: An eye-opening statistical portrait of the United States; Clear explanation of basic concepts and analytical tools, with advanced models presented in optional chapter appendices; Presentation of policy issues in historical, institutional, social, political, and ethical context--an approach that fosters critical evaluation of the standard microeconomic models, such as welfare analysis, labor markets, and market competition; Issues of human well-being, both domestic and global, are given central importance, enriching the topics and analytical tools to which students are introduced; The theme of sustainability--financial, social, and ecological--is thoroughly integrated in the book, with chapters on alternatives to standard GDP measurement, the environment, common property, public goods, and growth and sustainability in the twenty-first century; Full complement of instructor and student support materials online, including test banks and grading through Canvas. |
| example of positive economics: Economics for the IB Diploma with CD-ROM Ellie Tragakes, 2011-11-03 Arranged in four sections, provides review exercises and past examination questions for topics in microeconomics, macroeconomics, interantional economics, and development economics. |
| example of positive economics: The Scope and Method of Political Economy John Neville Keynes, 1891 |
| example of positive economics: An Introduction to Positive Economics Richard G. Lipsey, 1975 |
The Methodology of Positive Economics - thaleszp.com
In short, positive economics is, or can be, an “objective” science, in precisely the same sense as any of the physical sciences.
5.4 Positive externalities of production and consumption
Explain, using diagrams and examples, the concepts of positive externalities of production and consumption, and the welfare loss associated with production or consumption of a good or …
Microeconomics 2 Bernard Caillaud - Paris School of Economics
Honey producer H raises bees so as to produce honey Next to H, P has an orchard and produces fruits The more bees, the better the pollination of fruit trees; the larger the orchard, the larger …
LECTURE 10 EXTERNALITIES - Department of Economics
Feb 20, 2020 · • Positive externalities can result from either the consumption or the production of a good (or both).
Positive consumption externalities - IB Economics
Example: Most countries have legislation that makes education compulsory up to a certain age. The demand increases and the demand curve D1 = MPB shifts to the right. Ideally it will shift …
Lesson Plan: Positive vs. Normative Economics
o Positive economics describes what is (e.g., "Unemployment is 5%."). o Normative economics prescribes what ought to be (e.g., "Unemployment should be lower.").
An Introduction To Positive Economics Richard G Lipsey [PDF]
An Introduction To Positive Economics Richard G Lipsey Unlocking the Power of Positive Economics: A Deep Dive into ... and international relations. For example, his work on market …
The Methodology of Positive Economics* - American University
In short, positive economics is, or can be, an "objective" science, in precisely the same sense as any of the physical sciences.
The Uses of Economic Theory: Against a Purely Positive …
Here I argue that this view is flawed because it makes unreasonably strong assumptions about what players (the agents taking economic decisions) know and understand. I then use the …
The Relationship Between Normative and Positive Economics …
This article takes the distinction between positive economics and normative economics found in John Neville Keynes’s seminal book, The Scope and Method of Political Economy (1891, pp. …
Essays in Positive Economics - pauldeng.com
Oct 31, 2004 · recognition that economics can be, and in part is, a positive science that it seems well to preface the main body of the paper with a few remarks about the relation between …
The Methodology of Positive Economics - Cambridge …
’ In this book, a team of world-renowned experts in the methodology of economics cast new light on Friedmans methodological arguments and ’ practices from a variety of perspectives. It …
CHAPTER 2: FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
For example, if an individual is not fully informed or fully rational (as is often the case), then that individual’s choice is unlikely to be optimal, even if our use of reasoning and logic seems correct.
Positive and Negative Externalities - wearequrious.com
In a positive consumption externality, consumption of the good will bring about positive effects on third parties. This means to maximise society’s benefit, we need to consume the good more.
Positive production externalities - IB Economics
Positive production externalities a positive externality caused by production activities, leading to a situation where marginal social costs are less than marginal private costs (MSC < MPC).
Externalities: Problems and Solutions - University of California, …
Positive consumption externality: When an individual’s con- sumption increases the well-being of others but the individual is not compensated by those others.
Positive versus normative economics: what’s the connection?
In this paper, we perform a robustness check which suggests that previous literature un-derestimates the connection between positive and normative economics beliefs.
A theorem on the methodology of positive economics
In his famous essay, “The methodology of positive economics”, Friedman (1953) conveyed an influ-ential message to the economics profession: the existence of unrealistic assumptions …
BACK TO BASICS What Are Externalities? - IMF
there are also positive externalities,and here the issue is the difference between private and social gains. For example, research and development (R&D) activities are widely con-sidered to …
The Methodology of Positive Economics - thaleszp.com
In short, positive economics is, or can be, an “objective” science, in precisely the same sense as any of the physical sciences.
5.4 Positive externalities of production and consumption
Explain, using diagrams and examples, the concepts of positive externalities of production and consumption, and the welfare loss associated with production or consumption of a good or …
Lecture 7: Externalities - Scholars at Harvard
Externality Theory: Positive Externalities Positive production externality: When a firm’s production increases the well-being of others but the firm is not compensated by those others. Example: …
Microeconomics 2 Bernard Caillaud - Paris School of Economics
Honey producer H raises bees so as to produce honey Next to H, P has an orchard and produces fruits The more bees, the better the pollination of fruit trees; the larger the orchard, the larger …
LECTURE 10 EXTERNALITIES - Department of Economics
Feb 20, 2020 · • Positive externalities can result from either the consumption or the production of a good (or both).
Positive consumption externalities - IB Economics
Example: Most countries have legislation that makes education compulsory up to a certain age. The demand increases and the demand curve D1 = MPB shifts to the right. Ideally it will shift …
Lesson Plan: Positive vs. Normative Economics
o Positive economics describes what is (e.g., "Unemployment is 5%."). o Normative economics prescribes what ought to be (e.g., "Unemployment should be lower.").
An Introduction To Positive Economics Richard G Lipsey [PDF]
An Introduction To Positive Economics Richard G Lipsey Unlocking the Power of Positive Economics: A Deep Dive into ... and international relations. For example, his work on market …
The Methodology of Positive Economics* - American University
In short, positive economics is, or can be, an "objective" science, in precisely the same sense as any of the physical sciences.
The Uses of Economic Theory: Against a Purely Positive …
Here I argue that this view is flawed because it makes unreasonably strong assumptions about what players (the agents taking economic decisions) know and understand. I then use the …
The Relationship Between Normative and Positive Economics …
This article takes the distinction between positive economics and normative economics found in John Neville Keynes’s seminal book, The Scope and Method of Political Economy (1891, pp. 34 …
Essays in Positive Economics - pauldeng.com
Oct 31, 2004 · recognition that economics can be, and in part is, a positive science that it seems well to preface the main body of the paper with a few remarks about the relation between …
The Methodology of Positive Economics - Cambridge …
’ In this book, a team of world-renowned experts in the methodology of economics cast new light on Friedmans methodological arguments and ’ practices from a variety of perspectives. It …
CHAPTER 2: FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
For example, if an individual is not fully informed or fully rational (as is often the case), then that individual’s choice is unlikely to be optimal, even if our use of reasoning and logic seems correct.
Positive and Negative Externalities - wearequrious.com
In a positive consumption externality, consumption of the good will bring about positive effects on third parties. This means to maximise society’s benefit, we need to consume the good more.
Positive production externalities - IB Economics
Positive production externalities a positive externality caused by production activities, leading to a situation where marginal social costs are less than marginal private costs (MSC < MPC).
Externalities: Problems and Solutions - University of …
Positive consumption externality: When an individual’s con- sumption increases the well-being of others but the individual is not compensated by those others.
Positive versus normative economics: what’s the connection?
In this paper, we perform a robustness check which suggests that previous literature un-derestimates the connection between positive and normative economics beliefs.
A theorem on the methodology of positive economics
In his famous essay, “The methodology of positive economics”, Friedman (1953) conveyed an influ-ential message to the economics profession: the existence of unrealistic assumptions …
BACK TO BASICS What Are Externalities? - IMF
there are also positive externalities,and here the issue is the difference between private and social gains. For example, research and development (R&D) activities are widely con-sidered to have …
