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| diagram of a black hole: Black Holes Jean-Pierre Luminet, 1992-08-28 Black holes are undoubtedly one of the most fascinating discoveries of modern astronomy, and their description one of the most daring intellectual feats of modern times. They have already become legendary, forming the basis of many myths, fantasies and science fiction movies. Are they really the monsters which devour light and stars; bottomless celestial pits into which all matter is sucked and crushed? Are they an observable reality, or are they just hypothetical objects from the theory of relativity? In answering such questions the author takes us on a fabulous journey through space and time. Dr Jean-Pierre Luminet is an astronomer at Meudon Observatory in France, a specialist on the subject of black holes, and has also acquired a reputation for being a gifted writer and communicator. In this book he makes the subject of black holes accessible to any interested reader, who will need no mathematical background. |
| diagram of a black hole: Black Hole Physics V. Frolov, I. Novikov, 1998-11-30 Introduces the physics of black holes and the methods employed in it, and reviews the main results of this branch of physics. Frolov (physics, U. of Alberta) and Novikov (theoretical astrophysics, U. of Copenhagen) focus on questions that have been answered relatively recently. Among the topics treated are: space-time of stationary black holes, general theory of black holes, black hole perturbations, numerics, electrodynamics, black holes in unified theories of gravity, quantum black holes, final states of evaporating black holes, and the information loss puzzle. Special attention is paid to the role of black holes in astrophysics and observational evidence of black hole existence. Many exotic subjects linked with black holes, such as white holes, wormholes, and time machines, are discussed. Appendices cover mathematical aspects of general relativity and black holes and quantum field theory in curved spacetime. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| diagram of a black hole: Black Hole Information and Thermodynamics Dieter Lüst, Ward Vleeshouwers, 2019-01-25 Based on Prof. Lüst's Masters course at the University of Munich, this book begins with a short introduction to general relativity. It then presents black hole solutions, and discusses Penrose diagrams, black hole thermodynamics and entropy, the Unruh effect, Hawking radiation, the black hole information problem, black holes in supergravity and string theory, the black hole microstate counting in string theory, asymptotic symmetries in general relativity, and a particular quantum model for black holes. The book offers an up-to-date summary of all the pertinent questions in this highly active field of physics, and is ideal reading for graduate students and young researchers. |
| diagram of a black hole: Physics of Black Holes Eleftherios Papantonopoulos, 2009-01-28 Black Holes are still considered to be among the most mysterious and fascinating objects in our universe. Awaiting the era of gravitational astronomy, much progress in theoretical modeling and understanding of classical and quantum black holes has already been achieved. The present volume serves as a tutorial, high-level guided tour through the black-hole landscape: information paradox and blackhole thermodynamics, numerical simulations of black-hole formation and collisions, braneworld scenarios and stability of black holes with respect to perturbations are treated in great detail, as is their possible occurrence at the LHC. An outgrowth of a topical and tutorial summer school, this extensive set of carefully edited notes has been set up with the aim of constituting an advanced-level, multi-authored textbook which meets the needs of both postgraduate students and young researchers in the fields of modern cosmology, astrophysics and (quantum) field theory. |
| diagram of a black hole: Geometry of Black Holes Piotr T. Chruściel, 2020-07-31 Black holes present one of the most fascinating predictions of Einstein's general theory of relativity. There is strong evidence of their existence through observation of active galactic nuclei, including the centre of our galaxy, observations of gravitational waves, and others. There exists a large scientific literature on black holes, including many excellent textbooks at various levels. However, most of these steer clear from the mathematical niceties needed to make the theory of black holes a mathematical theory. Those which maintain a high mathematical standard are either focused on specific topics, or skip many details. The objective of this book is to fill this gap and present a detailed, mathematically oriented, extended introduction to the subject. The book provides a wide background to the current research on all mathematical aspects of the geometry of black hole spacetimes. |
| diagram of a black hole: Black Holes: A Laboratory for Testing Strong Gravity Cosimo Bambi, 2017-06-01 This textbook introduces the current astrophysical observations of black holes, and discusses the leading techniques to study the strong gravity region around these objects with electromagnetic radiation. More importantly, it provides the basic tools for writing an astrophysical code and testing the Kerr paradigm. Astrophysical black holes are an ideal laboratory for testing strong gravity. According to general relativity, the spacetime geometry around these objects should be well described by the Kerr solution. The electromagnetic radiation emitted by the gas in the inner part of the accretion disk can probe the metric of the strong gravity region and test the Kerr black hole hypothesis. With exercises and examples in each chapter, as well as calculations and analytical details in the appendix, the book is especially useful to the beginners or graduate students who are familiar with general relativity while they do not have any background in astronomy or astrophysics.“/p> |
| diagram of a black hole: Introduction to Black Hole Astrophysics Gustavo E. Romero, Gabriela S. Vila, 2013-09-14 This book is based on the lecture notes of a one-semester course on black hole astrophysics given by the author and is aimed at advanced undergraduate and graduate students with an interest in astrophysics. The material included goes beyond that found in classic textbooks and presents details on astrophysical manifestations of black holes. In particular, jet physics and detailed accounts of objects like microquasars, active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, and ultra-luminous X-ray sources are covered, as well as advanced topics like black holes in alternative theories of gravity. The author avoids unnecessary technicalities and to some degree the book is self-contained. The reader will find some basic general relativity tools in Chapter 1. The appendices provide some additional mathematical details that will be useful for further study, and a guide to the bibliography on the subject. |
| diagram of a black hole: Physics of Black Holes I. Novikov, V. Frolov, 2013-03-09 One of the most exciting predictions of Einstein's theory of gravitationisthat there may exist 'black holes': putative objects whose gravitational fields are so strong that no physical bodies and signals can break free of their pull and escape. Even though a completely reliable discovery of a black hole has not yet been made, several objects among those scrutinized by astrophysicists will very likely be conformed as black holes. The proof that they do exist, and an analysis of their properties, would have a significance going far beyond astrophysics. Indeed, what is involved is not just the discovery of yet another, even if extremely remarkable, astrophysical object, but a test of the correctness of our understanding the properties of space and time in extremely strong gravitational fields. Theoretical research into the properties of black holes and into the possible corollaries of the hypothesis that they exist, has been carried out with special vigor since the beginning of the 1970s. In addition to those specific features of black holes that are important for the interpretation of their possible astrophysical manifestations, the theory has revealed a nurober of unexpected characteristics of physical interactions involving black holes. By now, a fairly detailed understanding has been achieved of the properties of the black holes, their possible astrophysical manifestations, and the specifics of the various physical processes involved. Furthermore, profound links were found between black-hole theory and such seemingly very distant fields as thermodynamics, information theory, and quantum theory. |
| diagram of a black hole: Black Hole Physics Daniel Grumiller, Mohammad Mehdi Sheikh-Jabbari, 2022-11-07 This textbook gradually introduces the reader to several topics related to black hole physics with a didactic approach. It starts with the most basic black hole solution, the Schwarzschild metric, and discusses the basic classical properties of black hole solutions as seen by different probes. Then it reviews various theorems about black hole properties as solutions to Einstein gravity coupled to matter fields, conserved charges associated with black holes, and laws of black hole thermodynamics. Next, it elucidates semiclassical and quantum aspects of black holes, which are relevant in ongoing and future research. The book is enriched with many exercises and solutions to assist in the learning. The textbook is designed for physics graduate students who want to start their research career in the field of black holes; postdocs who recently changed their research focus towards black holes and want to get up-to-date on recent and current research topics; advanced researchers intending to teach (or learn) basic and advanced aspects of black hole physics and the associated mathematical tools. Besides general relativity, the reader needs to be familiar with standard undergraduate physics, like thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, and statistical mechanics. Moreover, familiarity with basic quantum field theory in Minkowski space is assumed. The book covers the rest of the needed background material in the main text or the appendices. |
| diagram of a black hole: Artificial Black Holes Mario Novello, Matt Visser, Grigori Volovik, 2002-10-04 Physicists are pondering on the possibility of simulating black holes in the laboratory by means of various “analog models”. These analog models, typically based on condensed matter physics, can be used to help us understand general relativity (Einstein's gravity); conversely, abstract techniques developed in general relativity can sometimes be used to help us understand certain aspects of condensed matter physics. This book contains 13 chapters — written by experts in general relativity, particle physics, and condensed matter physics — that explore various aspects of this two-way traffic. |
| diagram of a black hole: Evolution of Black Holes in Anti-de Sitter Spacetime and the Firewall Controversy Yen Chin Ong, 2015-11-27 This thesis focuses on the recent firewall controversy surrounding evaporating black holes, and shows that in the best understood example concerning electrically charged black holes with a flat event horizon in anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime, the firewall does not arise. The firewall, which surrounds a sufficiently old black hole, threatens to develop into a huge crisis since it could occur even when spacetime curvature is small, which contradicts general relativity. However, the end state for asymptotically flat black holes is ill-understood since their curvature becomes unbounded. This issue is avoided by working with flat charged black holes in AdS. The presence of electrical charge is crucial since black holes inevitably pick up charges throughout their long lifetime. These black holes always evolve toward extremal limit, and are then destroyed by quantum gravitational effects. This happens sooner than the time required to decode Hawking radiation so that the firewall never sets in, as conjectured by Harlow and Hayden. Motivated by the information loss paradox, the author also investigates the possibility that “monster” configurations might exist, with an arbitrarily large interior bounded by a finite surface area. Investigating such an object in AdS shows that in the best understood case, such an object -- much like a firewall -- cannot exist. |
| diagram of a black hole: Secrets of Black Holes Rajeev Raghuram, 2022-08-30 Though discovered by scientists only a few decades ago, black holes have become a major object of public fascination and speculation. But how do black holes actually work? And how do they drive the processes we observe in the universe? Black Holes, the second book in an ongoing astronomy series by Rajeev Raghuram, gives an informed overview of black hole physics, spacetime, and the impact of this phenomenon on our universe. Written for a young adult audience, this book synthesizes the latest scientific discoveries and the equations that describe them, presenting this complex, fascinating information in highly accessible terms. Key topics include how black holes form; how they interact with one another; the methods that scientists use to study them; and the physics of spacetime that explain the structure of black holes and point to the possibility of wormholes—even other universes! Equations fundamental to understanding black holes are explained in detail, and numerous diagrams illustrate what happens inside them and how they relate to time and other universes. |
| diagram of a black hole: Black Holes: Theory and Observation Friedrich W. Hehl, Claus Kiefer, Ralph J.K. Metzler, 1998-11-26 This book addresses graduate students in the first place and is meant as a modern compendium to the existing texts on black hole astrophysics. The authors present in pedagogically written articles our present knowledge on black holes covering mathematical models including numerical aspects and physics and astronomical observations as well. In addition, in their write-up of a panel discussion the participants of the school address the existence of black holes consenting that it has by now been verified with certainty. |
| diagram of a black hole: Classical and Quantum Black Holes P Fre, V. Gorini, G Magli, U. Moschella, 1999-09-01 Black holes are becoming increasingly important in contemporary research in astrophysics, cosmology, theoretical physics, and mathematics. Indeed, they provoke some of the most fascinating questions in fundamental physics, which may lead to revolutions in scientific thought. Written by distinguished scientists, Classical and Quantum Black Holes provides a comprehensive panorama of black hole physics and mathematics from a modern point of view. The book begins with a general introduction, followed by five parts that cover several modern aspects of the subject, ranging from the observational and the experimental to the more theoretical and mathematical issues. The material is written at a level suitable for postgraduate students entering the field. |
| diagram of a black hole: The Art of Educating with V Diagrams D. B. Gowin, Marino C. Alvarez, 2005-07-11 Publisher Description |
| diagram of a black hole: Quantum Black Holes Xavier Calmet, Bernard Carr, Elizabeth Winstanley, 2013-11-22 Written by foremost experts, this short book gives a clear description of the physics of quantum black holes. The reader will learn about quantum black holes in four and higher dimensions, primordial black holes, the production of black holes in high energy particle collisions, Hawking radiation, black holes in models of low scale quantum gravity and quantum gravitational aspects of black holes. |
| diagram of a black hole: Epistemology of Experimental Gravity - Scientific Rationality Nicolae Sfetcu, The evolution of gravitational tests from an epistemological perspective framed in the concept of rational reconstruction of Imre Lakatos, based on his methodology of research programmes. Unlike other works on the same subject, the evaluated period is very extensive, starting with Newton's natural philosophy and up to the quantum gravity theories of today. In order to explain in a more rational way the complex evolution of the gravity concept of the last century, I propose a natural extension of the methodology of the research programmes of Lakatos that I then use during the paper. I believe that this approach offers a new perspective on how evolved over time the concept of gravity and the methods of testing each theory of gravity, through observations and experiments. I argue, based on the methodology of the research programmes and the studies of scientists and philosophers, that the current theories of quantum gravity are degenerative, due to the lack of experimental evidence over a long period of time and of self-immunization against the possibility of falsification. Moreover, a methodological current is being developed that assigns a secondary, unimportant role to verification through observations and/or experiments. For this reason, it will not be possible to have a complete theory of quantum gravity in its current form, which to include to the limit the general relativity, since physical theories have always been adjusted, during their evolution, based on observational or experimental tests, and verified by the predictions made. Also, contrary to a widespread opinion and current active programs regarding the unification of all the fundamental forces of physics in a single final theory, based on string theory, I argue that this unification is generally unlikely, and it is not possible anyway for a unification to be developed based on current theories of quantum gravity, including string theory. In addition, I support the views of some scientists and philosophers that currently too much resources are being consumed on the idea of developing quantum gravity theories, and in particular string theory, to include general relativity and to unify gravity with other forces, as long as science does not impose such research programs. CONTENTS: Introduction Gravity Gravitational tests Methodology of Lakatos - Scientific rationality The natural extension of the Lakatos methodology Bifurcated programs Unifying programs 1. Newtonian gravity 1.1 Heuristics of Newtonian gravity 1.2 Proliferation of post-Newtonian theories 1.3 Tests of post-Newtonian theories 1.3.1 Newton's proposed tests 1.3.2 Tests of post-Newtonian theories 1.4 Newtonian gravity anomalies 1.5 Saturation point in Newtonian gravity 2. General relativity 2.1 Heuristics of the general relativity 2.2 Proliferation of post-Einsteinian gravitational theories 2.3 Post-Newtonian parameterized formalism (PPN) 2.4 Tests of general relativity and post-Einsteinian theories 2.4.1 Tests proposed by Einstein 2.4.2 Tests of post-Einsteinian theories 2.4.3 Classic tests 2.4.3.1 Precision of Mercury's perihelion 2.4.3.2 Light deflection 2.4.3.3 Gravitational redshift 2.4.4 Modern tests 2.4.4.1 Shapiro Delay 2.4.4.2 Gravitational dilation of time 2.4.4.3 Frame dragging and geodetic effect 2.4.4.4 Testing of the principle of equivalence 2.4.4.5 Solar system tests 2.4.5 Strong field gravitational tests 2.4.5.1 Gravitational lenses 2.4.5.2 Gravitational waves 2.4.5.3 Synchronization binary pulsars 2.4.5.4 Extreme environments 2.4.6 Cosmological tests 2.4.6.1 The expanding universe 2.4.6.2 Cosmological observations 2.4.6.3 Monitoring of weak gravitational lenses 2.5 Anomalies of general relativity 2.6 The saturation point of general relativity 3. Quantum gravity 3.1 Heuristics of quantum gravity 3.2 The tests of quantum gravity 3.3 Canonical quantum gravity 3.3.1 Tests proposed for the CQG 3.3.2. Loop quantum gravity 3.4 String theory 3.4.1 Heuristics of string theory 3.4.2. Anomalies of string theory 3.5 Other theories of quantum gravity 3.6 Unification (The Final Theory) 4. Cosmology Conclusions Notes Bibliography DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.35350.70724 |
| diagram of a black hole: Exactly Solved Models Fa Yueh Wu, 2009 This unique volume provides a comprehensive overview of exactly solved models in statistical mechanics by looking at the scientific achievements of F Y Wu in this and related fields, which span four decades of his career. The book is organized into topics ranging from lattice models in condensed matter physics to graph theory in mathematics, and includes the author's pioneering contributions. Through insightful commentaries, the author presents an overview of each of the topics and an insider's look at how crucial developments emerged. With the inclusion of important pedagogical review articles by the author, Exactly Solved Models is an indispensable learning tool for graduate students, and an essential reference and source book for researchers in physics and mathematics as well as historians of science. |
| diagram of a black hole: The Space-Time Sounak Ghosal, 2024-10-15 Explore the wonders of the universe with The Space-Time, a revolutionary book that provides a comprehensive and accessible interpretation of Albert Einstein's groundbreaking theories. This book is designed to be the ultimate guide for anyone interested in understanding the complexities of general relativity, black holes, and the fabric of spacetime. Key Features: Broad Descriptions of Relativity Concepts: The author thoroughly explains the basic principles of both special and general relativity, making complex concepts accessible to readers of all backgrounds. Exploration of Black Holes:Uncover the mysterious allure of black holes, their creation, and their profound impact on our comprehension of the cosmos. Author’s Hypotheses: In addition to interpreting Einstein’s theories, the author also presents their own hypotheses, offering fresh perspectives and thought-provoking insights into the nature of spacetime and gravity. Best Book to Understand General Relativity: With clear explanations, illustrative diagrams, and engaging narratives, this book is hailed as the best resource for mastering the concepts of general relativity. Additional Topics: Other interesting scientific topics such as the big bang and many more. Calling all physics students, curious readers, and theoretical science enthusiasts! Get ready for an enlightening and captivating cosmic journey with The Space-Time. |
| diagram of a black hole: New Frontiers in Gravitational Collapse and Spacetime Singularities Daniele Malafarina, |
| diagram of a black hole: Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity Asghar Qadir, 2020-01-10 This book takes a historical approach to Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity and shows the importance that geometry has to the theory. Starting from simpler and more general considerations, it goes on to detail the latest developments in the field and considers several cutting-edge research areas. It discusses Einstein’s theory from a geometrical and a field theoretic viewpoint, before moving on to address gravitational waves, black holes and cosmology. |
| diagram of a black hole: Einstein Gravity in a Nutshell A. Zee, 2013-05-05 An ideal introduction to Einstein's general theory of relativity This unique textbook provides an accessible introduction to Einstein's general theory of relativity, a subject of breathtaking beauty and supreme importance in physics. With his trademark blend of wit and incisiveness, A. Zee guides readers from the fundamentals of Newtonian mechanics to the most exciting frontiers of research today, including de Sitter and anti-de Sitter spacetimes, Kaluza-Klein theory, and brane worlds. Unlike other books on Einstein gravity, this book emphasizes the action principle and group theory as guides in constructing physical theories. Zee treats various topics in a spiral style that is easy on beginners, and includes anecdotes from the history of physics that will appeal to students and experts alike. He takes a friendly approach to the required mathematics, yet does not shy away from more advanced mathematical topics such as differential forms. The extensive discussion of black holes includes rotating and extremal black holes and Hawking radiation. The ideal textbook for undergraduate and graduate students, Einstein Gravity in a Nutshell also provides an essential resource for professional physicists and is accessible to anyone familiar with classical mechanics and electromagnetism. It features numerous exercises as well as detailed appendices covering a multitude of topics not readily found elsewhere. Provides an accessible introduction to Einstein's general theory of relativity Guides readers from Newtonian mechanics to the frontiers of modern research Emphasizes symmetry and the Einstein-Hilbert action Covers topics not found in standard textbooks on Einstein gravity Includes interesting historical asides Features numerous exercises and detailed appendices Ideal for students, physicists, and scientifically minded lay readers Solutions manual (available only to teachers) |
| diagram of a black hole: Theory Of Hadrons And Light Front Qcd - Proceedings Of The Fourth International Workshop On Light-front Quantization And Non-perturbative Dynamics S D Glazek, 1995-04-26 This volume includes 45 talks and reports from facilitated discussions by outstanding contributors to the theory of hadrons that cover the entire spectrum of computational strategies being developed to solve QCD.A new computational strategy for solving light-front QCD, a strategy which starts with a constituent quark model that can be solved using the weak-coupling methods of QED, is extensively reviewed. |
| diagram of a black hole: General Relativity Leonard Susskind, André Cabannes, 2023-01-10 The latest volume in the New York Times–bestselling physics series explains Einstein’s masterpiece: the general theory of relativity He taught us classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and special relativity. Now, physicist Leonard Susskind, assisted by a new collaborator, André Cabannes, returns to tackle Einstein’s general theory of relativity. Starting from the equivalence principle and covering the necessary mathematics of Riemannian spaces and tensor calculus, Susskind and Cabannes explain the link between gravity and geometry. They delve into black holes, establish Einstein field equations, and solve them to describe gravity waves. The authors provide vivid explanations that, to borrow a phrase from Einstein himself, are as simple as possible (but no simpler). An approachable yet rigorous introduction to one of the most important topics in physics, General Relativity is a must-read for anyone who wants a deeper knowledge of the universe’s real structure. |
| diagram of a black hole: Relativity: A Journey Through Warped Space and Time Daniel R. Mayerson, Anthony M. Charles, Joseph E. Golec, 2019-11-14 This primer brilliantly exposes concepts related to special and general relativity for the absolute beginner. It can be used either as an introduction to the subject at a high school level or as a useful compass for undergraduates who want to move the first steps towards Einstein's theories. The book is enhanced throughout with many useful exercises and beautiful illustrations to aid understanding. The topics covered include: Lorentz transformations, length contraction and time dilation, the twin paradox (and other paradoxes), Minkowski spacetime, the Einstein equivalence principle, curvature of space and spacetime, geodesics, parallel transport, Einstein’s equations of general relativity, black holes, wormholes, cosmology, gravitational waves, time machines, and much more. |
| diagram of a black hole: Hawking on the Big Bang and Black Holes Stephen W. Hawking, 1993 Stephen Hawking, the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, has made important theoretical contributions to gravitational theory and has played a major role in the development of cosmology and black hole physics. Hawking's early work, partly in collaboration with Roger Penrose, showed the significance of spacetime singularities for the big bang and black holes. His later work has been concerned with a deeper understanding of these two issues. The work required extensive use of the two great intellectual achievements of the first half of the Twentieth Century: general relativity and quantum mechanics; and these are reflected in the reprinted articles. Hawking's key contributions on black hole radiation and the no-boundary condition on the origin of the universe are included. The present compilation of Stephen Hawking's most important work also includes an introduction by him, which guides the reader though the major highlights of the volume. This volume is thus an essentialitem in any library and will be an important reference source for those interested in theoretical physics and applied mathematics. It is an excellent thing to have so many of Professor Hawking's most important contributions to the theory of black holes and space-time singularities all collected together in one handy volume. I am very glad to have them. Roger Penrose (Oxford) This was an excellent idea to put the best papers by Stephen Hawking together. Even his papers written many years ago remain extremely useful for those who study classical and quantum gravity. By watching the evolution of his ideas one can get a very clear picture of the development of quantum cosmology during thelast quarter of this century. Andrei Linde (Stanford) This review could have been quite short: 'The book contains a selection of 21 of Stephen Hawking's most significant papers with an overview written by the author'. This w |
| diagram of a black hole: Euclidean Quantum Gravity G. W. Gibbons, Stephen W. Hawking, 1993 The Euclidean approach to Quantum Gravity was initiated almost 15 years ago in an attempt to understand the difficulties raised by the spacetime singularities of classical general relativity which arise in the gravitational collapse of stars to form black holes and the entire universe in the Big Bang. An important motivation was to develop an approach capable of dealing with the nonlinear, non-perturbative aspects of quantum gravity due to topologically non-trivial spacetimes. There are important links with a Riemannian geometry. Since its inception the theory has been applied to a number of important physical problems including the thermodynamic properties of black holes, quantum cosmology and the problem of the cosmological constant. It is currently at the centre of a great deal of interest.This is a collection of survey lectures and reprints of some important lectures on the Euclidean approach to quantum gravity in which one expresses the Feynman path integral as a sum over Riemannian metrics. As well as papers on the basic formalism there are sections on Black Holes, Quantum Cosmology, Wormholes and Gravitational Instantons. |
| diagram of a black hole: Introduction to AdS/CFT Correspondence Horaƫiu Năstase, 2015-09-10 A pedagogical and self-contained introduction to AdS/CFT correspondence aimed at graduate students and researchers across theoretical physics. |
| diagram of a black hole: Exploring Black Holes Edwin F. Taylor, John Archibald Wheeler, Edmund William Bertschinger, 2008 |
| diagram of a black hole: Twelfth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, The: On Recent Developments In Theoretical And Experimental General Relativity, Astrophysics And Relativistic Field Theories (In 3 Volumes) - Proceedings Of The Mg12 Meeting On General Relativity Remo Ruffini, Thibault Damour, Robert T Jantzen, 2012-02-02 Marcel Grossmann Meetings are formed to further the development of General Relativity by promoting theoretical understanding in the fields of physics, mathematics, astronomy and astrophysics and to direct future technological, observational, and experimental efforts. In these meetings are discussed recent developments in classical and quantum gravity, general relativity and relativistic astrophysics, with major emphasis on mathematical foundations and physical predictions, with the main objective of gathering scientists from diverse backgrounds for deepening the understanding of spacetime structure and reviewing the status of test-experiments for Einstein's theory of gravitation. The range of topics is broad, going from the more abstract classical theory, quantum gravity and strings, to the more concrete relativistic astrophysics observations and modeling.The three volumes of the proceedings of MG12 give a broad view of all aspects of gravitational physics and astrophysics, from mathematical issues to recent observations and experiments. The scientific program of the meeting includes 29 plenary talks stretched over 6 mornings, and 74 parallel sessions over 5 afternoons. Volume A contains plenary and review talks ranging from the mathematical foundations of classical and quantum gravitational theories including recent developments in string theories, to precision tests of general relativity including progress towards the detection of gravitational waves, to relativistic astrophysics including such topics as gamma ray bursts, black hole physics both in our galaxy, in active galactic nuclei and in other galaxies, neutron stars, pulsar astrophysics, gravitational lensing effects, neutrino physics and ultra high energy cosmic rays. The rest of the volumes include parallel sessions on dark matter, neutrinos, X-ray sources, astrophysical black holes, neutron stars, binary systems, radiative transfer, accretion disks, alternative gravitational theories, perturbations of collapsed objects, analog models, black hole thermodynamics, cosmic background radiation & observational cosmology, numerical relativity & algebraic computing, gravitational lensing, variable ';constants'; of nature, large scale structure, topology of the universe, brane-world cosmology, early universe models & cosmic microwave background anisotropies, inhomogeneous cosmology, inflation, gamma ray burst modeling, supernovas, global structure, singularities, cosmic censorship, chaos, Einstein-Maxwell systems, inertial forces, gravitomagnetism, wormholes & time machines, exact solutions of Einstein's equations, gravitational waves, gravitational wave detectors & data analysis, precision gravitational measurements, history of relativity, quantum gravity & loop quantum gravity, Casimir effect, quantum cosmology, strings & branes, self-gravitating systems, gamma ray astronomy, cosmic rays, gamma ray bursts and quasars. |
| diagram of a black hole: Black Holes & Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy (Commonwealth Fund Book Program) Kip Thorne, 1995-01-17 Winner of the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics Ever since Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity burst upon the world in 1915 some of the most brilliant minds of our century have sought to decipher the mysteries bequeathed by that theory, a legacy so unthinkable in some respects that even Einstein himself rejected them. Which of these bizarre phenomena, if any, can really exist in our universe? Black holes, down which anything can fall but from which nothing can return; wormholes, short spacewarps connecting regions of the cosmos; singularities, where space and time are so violently warped that time ceases to exist and space becomes a kind of foam; gravitational waves, which carry symphonic accounts of collisions of black holes billions of years ago; and time machines, for traveling backward and forward in time. Kip Thorne, along with fellow theorists Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose, a cadre of Russians, and earlier scientists such as Oppenheimer, Wheeler and Chandrasekhar, has been in the thick of the quest to secure answers. In this masterfully written and brilliantly informed work of scientific history and explanation, Dr. Thorne, a Nobel Prize-winning physicist and the Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics Emeritus at Caltech, leads his readers through an elegant, always human, tapestry of interlocking themes, coming finally to a uniquely informed answer to the great question: what principles control our universe and why do physicists think they know the things they think they know? Stephen Hawking's A Brief History of Time has been one of the greatest best-sellers in publishing history. Anyone who struggled with that book will find here a more slowly paced but equally mind-stretching experience, with the added fascination of a rich historical and human component. Winner of the Phi Beta Kappa Award in Science. |
| diagram of a black hole: Numerical Relativity Masaru Shibata, 2015-11-05 This book is composed of two parts: First part describes basics in numerical relativity, that is, the formulations and methods for a solution of Einstein's equation and general relativistic matter field equations. This part will be helpful for beginners of numerical relativity who would like to understand the content of numerical relativity and its background. The second part focuses on the application of numerical relativity. A wide variety of scientific numerical results are introduced focusing in particular on the merger of binary neutron stars and black holes.-- |
| diagram of a black hole: Mapping the Heavens Priyamvada Natarajan, 2016-04-28 A theoretical astrophysicist explores the ideas that transformed our knowledge of the universe over the past century. The cosmos, once understood as a stagnant place, filled with the ordinary, is now a universe that is expanding at an accelerating pace, propelled by dark energy and structured by dark matter. Priyamvada Natarajan, our guide to these ideas, is someone at the forefront of the research—an astrophysicist who literally creates maps of invisible matter in the universe. She not only explains for a wide audience the science behind these essential ideas but also provides an understanding of how radical scientific theories gain acceptance. The formation and growth of black holes, dark matter halos, the accelerating expansion of the universe, the echo of the big bang, the discovery of exoplanets, and the possibility of other universes—these are some of the puzzling cosmological topics of the early twenty-first century. Natarajan discusses why the acceptance of new ideas about the universe and our place in it has never been linear and always contested even within the scientific community. And she affirms that, shifting and incomplete as science always must be, it offers the best path we have toward making sense of our wondrous, mysterious universe. “Part history, part science, all illuminating. If you want to understand the greatest ideas that shaped our current cosmic cartography, read this book.”—Adam G. Riess, Nobel Laureate in Physics, 2011 “A highly readable, insider’s view of recent discoveries in astronomy with unusual attention to the instruments used and the human drama of the scientists.”—Alan Lightman, author of The Accidental Universe and Einstein's Dream |
| diagram of a black hole: The Nature of Consciousness, the Structure of Reality Jerry Davidson Wheatley, 2001 This book describes how understanding the structure of reality leads to the Theory of Everything Equation. The equation unifies the forces of nature and enables the merging of relativity with quantum theory. The book explains the big bang theory and everything else. |
| diagram of a black hole: The Future of Theoretical Physics and Cosmology G. W. Gibbons, E. P. S. Shellard, S. J. Rankin, 2003-10-23 Based on lectures given in honour of Stephen Hawking's sixtieth birthday, this book comprises contributions from some of the world's leading theoretical physicists. It begins with a section containing chapters by successful scientific popularisers, bringing to life both Hawking's work and other exciting developments in physics. The book then goes on to provide a critical evaluation of advanced subjects in modern cosmology and theoretical physics. Topics covered include the origin of the universe, warped spacetime, cosmological singularities, quantum gravity, black holes, string theory, quantum cosmology and inflation. As well as providing a fascinating overview of the wide variety of subject areas to which Stephen Hawking has contributed, this book represents an important assessment of prospects for the future of fundamental physics and cosmology. |
| diagram of a black hole: Searching for the Unexpected at LHC and the Status of Our Knowledge Antonino Zichichi, 2013 Searching For the Unexpected At LHC and the Status of Our Knowledge: Proceedings of the International School of Subnuclear Physics 2011 |
| diagram of a black hole: General Relativity Steven Carlip, 2019-01-17 Einstein's general theory of relativity — currently our best theory of gravity — is important not only to specialists, but to a much wider group of physicists. This short textbook on general relativity and gravitation offers students glimpses of the vast landscape of science connected to general relativity. It incorporates some of the latest research in the field. The book is aimed at readers with a broad range of interests in physics, from cosmology, to gravitational radiation, to high energy physics, to condensed matter theory. The pedagogical approach is physics first: readers move very quickly to the calculation of observational predictions, and only return to the mathematical foundations after the physics is established. In addition to the standard topics covered by most introductory textbooks, it contains short introductions to more advanced topics: for instance, why field equations are second order, how to treat gravitational energy, and what is required for a Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity. A concluding chapter discusses directions for further study, from mathematical relativity, to experimental tests, to quantum gravity. This is an introductory text, but it has also been written as a jumping-off point for readers who plan to study more specialized topics. |
| diagram of a black hole: Astrophysical Black Holes Francesco Haardt, Vittorio Gorini, Ugo Moschella, Aldo Treves, Monica Colpi, 2015-11-03 Based on graduate school lectures in contemporary relativity and gravitational physics, this book gives a complete and unified picture of the present status of theoretical and observational properties of astrophysical black holes. The chapters are written by internationally recognized specialists. They cover general theoretical aspects of black hole astrophysics, the theory of accretion and ejection of gas and jets, stellar-sized black holes observed in the Milky Way, the formation and evolution of supermassive black holes in galactic centers and quasars as well as their influence on the dynamics in galactic nuclei. The final chapter addresses analytical relativity of black holes supporting theoretical understanding of the coalescence of black holes as well as being of great relevance in identifying gravitational wave signals. With its introductory chapters the book is aimed at advanced graduate and post-graduate students, but it will also be useful for specialists. |
| diagram of a black hole: 1st Karl Schwarzschild Meeting on Gravitational Physics Piero Nicolini, Matthias Kaminski, Jonas Mureika, Marcus Bleicher, 2015-10-28 These proceedings collect the selected contributions of participants of the First Karl Schwarzschild Meeting on Gravitational Physics, held in Frankfurt, Germany to celebrate the 140th anniversary of Schwarzschild's birth. They are grouped into 4 main themes: I. The Life and Work of Karl Schwarzschild; II. Black Holes in Classical General Relativity, Numerical Relativity, Astrophysics, Cosmology, and Alternative Theories of Gravity; III. Black Holes in Quantum Gravity and String Theory; IV. Other Topics in Contemporary Gravitation. Inspired by the foundational principle ``By acknowledging the past, we open a route to the future, the week-long meeting, envisioned as a forum for exchange between scientists from all locations and levels of education, drew participants from 15 countries across 4 continents. In addition to plenary talks from leading researchers, a special focus on young talent was provided, a feature underlined by the Springer Prize for the best student and junior presentations. |
| diagram of a black hole: Welcome to the Universe Neil deGrasse Tyson, Michael A. Strauss, J. Richard Gott, 2016-09-12 The New York Times bestselling tour of the cosmos from three of today's leading astrophysicists Welcome to the Universe is a personal guided tour of the cosmos by three of today's leading astrophysicists. Inspired by the enormously popular introductory astronomy course that Neil deGrasse Tyson, Michael A. Strauss, and J. Richard Gott taught together at Princeton, this book covers it all—from planets, stars, and galaxies to black holes, wormholes, and time travel. Describing the latest discoveries in astrophysics, the informative and entertaining narrative propels you from our home solar system to the outermost frontiers of space. How do stars live and die? Why did Pluto lose its planetary status? What are the prospects of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe? How did the universe begin? Why is it expanding and why is its expansion accelerating? Is our universe alone or part of an infinite multiverse? Answering these and many other questions, the authors open your eyes to the wonders of the cosmos, sharing their knowledge of how the universe works. Breathtaking in scope and stunningly illustrated throughout, Welcome to the Universe is for those who hunger for insights into our evolving universe that only world-class astrophysicists can provide. |
14. Black Holes 2 1.Conformal Diagrams 1. Conformal …
Need a diagram in which causal structure is invariant. •Could an outside observer swoop in very close to event horizon and somehow see inside? Topics: 1.Conformal Diagrams …
General Relativity Fall 2018 Lecture 24: Penrose diagrams, Kerr …
Penrose diagram for a star collapsing into a Schwarzschild black hole. Just like the Schwarzschild solution represents a vacuum spacetime with a mass (as measured from e.g. Kepler's laws in …
17 Eternal Black Holes and Entanglement - hartmanhep.net
An eternal black hole is the black hole with the full, two-sided Penrose diagram. It has a past singularity, a future singularity, and two asymptotic regions: This is to be distinguished from a …
Solutions of Einstein's Equations & Black Holes - uni …
Kruskal-Szekeres diagram, illustrated for 2GM = 1. The quadrants are the black hole interior (II), the white hole interior (IV) and the two exterior regions (I and III). The dotted 45o lines, which …
Black Holes - Institute for Advanced Study
To study the physics of black holes, we will start with a simple model of spheri-cally symmetric gravitational collapse: a ball of pressure-free dust that collapses un-der its own gravity.
Physics 161: Black Holes: Lecture 24: 2 Mar 2011
Fig: Penrose diagram of Kerr Black hole The Penrose diagram of the Kerr geometry starts out the same as the Schwarzschild diagram, but the inner horizon and the ring singularity makes a di …
Carter-Penrose diagrams and black holes - Uniwersytet …
Conformal diagram for a Robertson-Walker universe. 2. Black holes. The conformal diagram gives us an idea of the casual structure of the spacetime, e.g. whether the past or future light cones …
Black Holes - Physics and Astronomy
In what sense is a black hole “black”? How are black holes actually simpler than any other objects in astronomy? What happens to an object that falls into a black hole? Do black holes last forever?
A Field Guide to - NASA Scientific Visualization Studio
Black holes are physical objects in space, just like stars and planets. They have so much mass packed into such a small sphere that nothing, not even light, can escape their gravity. Origins: …
Penrose Diagrams of Charged and Rotating Black Holes
This gives the fully extended Penrose diagram, which has the following regions (Fig.9.1) 1. Region I: Exterior of black hole 2. Region II: Interior of black hole 3. Region III: Parallel …
Chapter 21. Inside the Spinning Black Hole - eftaylor.com
13 After I emerge from inside the spinning black hole, can I return to Earth? 14 What limits does my nite wristwatch lifetime place on my personal 15 exploration of spacetimes?
Exploring Black Holes - Chandra X-ray Observatory
WHaT is a Black HolE? When a star runs out of nuclear fuel, it will collapse. If the core, or central region, of the star has a mass that is greater than three Suns, no known nuclear forces can …
An introduction to the mechanics of black holes - arXiv.org
Figure 1: Penrose diagram of an asymptotically flat spacetime with spherically symmetric collapsing star. Each point is a n 2-dimensional sphere. Light rays propagate along 45 …
Explicit construction of Penrose diagrams for black hole to …
In this article, we explicitly construct the coordinates associated with the Penrose diagram in spacetimes connected via a spacelike thin shell in the following two examples: the generalized...
Black Holes and Thermodynamics I: Classical Black Holes - UC …
black hole is said to be predictable if there exists a region of Mcontaining the entire exterior region and the event horizon, h + , that is globally hyperbolic.
Introduction to Black Holes - CERN
In these lectures an introduction to black holes in general relativity is presented. First the Schwarzschild black hole and its properties are discussed by studying the geodesics of light …
National Aeronautics and Space Administration A Field Guide to
Basic Black Hole Anatomy Black holes are physical objects in space, just like stars and planets. They have so much mass packed into such a small sphere that nothing, not even light, can …
Black hole worksheet - Scientist in Residence
1. Astronomers track the orbits of stars to deduce where a black hole is. Use the gravity well and marbles to model stars orbiting a black hole. On this diagram of stars orbiting the black hole at …
Black Holes Lab - Physics & Astronomy
In this activity, you will explore the basics of black holes, their properties, and how they affect space and time around them. Stellar Mass Black Hole – a black hole with a mass comparable …
Black Holes, Singularity Theorems, and All That
For example, what is the closest one can come to escaping from the black hole or traversing the wormhole? The answer to such a question usually involves a geodesic with special properties. …
14. Black Holes 2 1.Conformal Diagrams 1. Conformal …
Need a diagram in which causal structure is invariant. •Could an outside observer swoop in very close to event horizon and somehow see inside? Topics: 1.Conformal Diagrams …
General Relativity Fall 2018 Lecture 24: Penrose diagrams, …
Penrose diagram for a star collapsing into a Schwarzschild black hole. Just like the Schwarzschild solution represents a vacuum spacetime with a mass (as measured from e.g. Kepler's laws in …
17 Eternal Black Holes and Entanglement - hartmanhep.net
An eternal black hole is the black hole with the full, two-sided Penrose diagram. It has a past singularity, a future singularity, and two asymptotic regions: This is to be distinguished from a …
Solutions of Einstein's Equations & Black Holes - uni …
Kruskal-Szekeres diagram, illustrated for 2GM = 1. The quadrants are the black hole interior (II), the white hole interior (IV) and the two exterior regions (I and III). The dotted 45o lines, which …
Black Holes - Institute for Advanced Study
To study the physics of black holes, we will start with a simple model of spheri-cally symmetric gravitational collapse: a ball of pressure-free dust that collapses un-der its own gravity.
Physics 161: Black Holes: Lecture 24: 2 Mar 2011
Fig: Penrose diagram of Kerr Black hole The Penrose diagram of the Kerr geometry starts out the same as the Schwarzschild diagram, but the inner horizon and the ring singularity makes a di …
Carter-Penrose diagrams and black holes - Uniwersytet …
Conformal diagram for a Robertson-Walker universe. 2. Black holes. The conformal diagram gives us an idea of the casual structure of the spacetime, e.g. whether the past or future light cones …
Black Holes - Physics and Astronomy
In what sense is a black hole “black”? How are black holes actually simpler than any other objects in astronomy? What happens to an object that falls into a black hole? Do black holes last forever?
A Field Guide to - NASA Scientific Visualization Studio
Black holes are physical objects in space, just like stars and planets. They have so much mass packed into such a small sphere that nothing, not even light, can escape their gravity. Origins: …
Penrose Diagrams of Charged and Rotating Black Holes
This gives the fully extended Penrose diagram, which has the following regions (Fig.9.1) 1. Region I: Exterior of black hole 2. Region II: Interior of black hole 3. Region III: Parallel …
Chapter 21. Inside the Spinning Black Hole - eftaylor.com
13 After I emerge from inside the spinning black hole, can I return to Earth? 14 What limits does my nite wristwatch lifetime place on my personal 15 exploration of spacetimes?
Exploring Black Holes - Chandra X-ray Observatory
WHaT is a Black HolE? When a star runs out of nuclear fuel, it will collapse. If the core, or central region, of the star has a mass that is greater than three Suns, no known nuclear forces can …
An introduction to the mechanics of black holes - arXiv.org
Figure 1: Penrose diagram of an asymptotically flat spacetime with spherically symmetric collapsing star. Each point is a n 2-dimensional sphere. Light rays propagate along 45 …
Explicit construction of Penrose diagrams for black hole to …
In this article, we explicitly construct the coordinates associated with the Penrose diagram in spacetimes connected via a spacelike thin shell in the following two examples: the generalized...
Black Holes and Thermodynamics I: Classical Black Holes
black hole is said to be predictable if there exists a region of Mcontaining the entire exterior region and the event horizon, h + , that is globally hyperbolic.
Introduction to Black Holes - CERN
In these lectures an introduction to black holes in general relativity is presented. First the Schwarzschild black hole and its properties are discussed by studying the geodesics of light …
National Aeronautics and Space Administration A Field Guide to
Basic Black Hole Anatomy Black holes are physical objects in space, just like stars and planets. They have so much mass packed into such a small sphere that nothing, not even light, can …
Black hole worksheet - Scientist in Residence
1. Astronomers track the orbits of stars to deduce where a black hole is. Use the gravity well and marbles to model stars orbiting a black hole. On this diagram of stars orbiting the black hole at …
Black Holes Lab - Physics & Astronomy
In this activity, you will explore the basics of black holes, their properties, and how they affect space and time around them. Stellar Mass Black Hole – a black hole with a mass comparable …
Black Holes, Singularity Theorems, and All That
For example, what is the closest one can come to escaping from the black hole or traversing the wormhole? The answer to such a question usually involves a geodesic with special properties. …
