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| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Research Methods in Psychology Glynis Marie Breakwell, 2006 This Third Edition of this bestselling text retains its status as one of the most accessible, practically useful and theoretically rigorous textbooks on the market today, and has been developed even further to help students get the most from their studies. The textbook is now oriented around three parts focusing on the major processed in conducting research-from formulating research questions, designing research activity, data gathering, and analysis. A rich diversity of methods is now covered, and the book offers extended coverage of qualitative methods-now fundamental in psychological methods courses. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Optimizing the Display and Interpretation of Data Robert Warner, 2015-09-23 What information do these data reveal? Is the information correct? How can I make the best use of the information? The widespread use of computers and our reliance on the data generated by them have made these questions increasingly common and important. Computerized data may be in either digital or analog form and may be relevant to a wide range of applications that include medical monitoring and diagnosis, scientific research, engineering, quality control, seismology, meteorology, political and economic analysis and business and personal financial applications. The sources of the data may be databases that have been developed for specific purposes or may be of more general interest and include those that are accessible on the Internet. In addition, the data may represent either single or multiple parameters. Examining data in its initial form is often very laborious and also makes it possible to miss the forest for the trees by failing to notice patterns in the data that are not readily apparent. To address these problems, this monograph describes several accurate and efficient methods for displaying, reviewing and analyzing digital and analog data. The methods may be used either singly or in various combinations to maximize the value of the data to those for whom it is relevant. None of the methods requires special devices and each can be used on common platforms such as personal computers, tablets and smart phones. Also, each of the methods can be easily employed utilizing widely available off-the-shelf software. Using the methods does not require special expertise in computer science or technology, graphical design or statistical analysis. The usefulness and accuracy of all the described methods of data display, review and interpretation have been confirmed in multiple carefully performed studies using independent, objective endpoints. These studies and their results are described in the monograph. Because of their ease of use, accuracy and efficiency, the methods for displaying, reviewing and analyzing data described in this monograph can be highly useful to all who must work with computerized information and make decisions based upon it. - The reader will learn methods for easily increasing the speed and accuracy of reviewing data that are relevant to many diverse fields of endeavor - This will reduce the drudgery associated with reviewing the data and simultaneously improve the reliability of the interpretations that result from the review - This increased efficiency of review will make it easier to provide full disclosure of the data to all those responsible for making decisions based on any actionable information that might be contained in the data |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Psychology Don H. Hockenbury, Sandra E. Hockenbury, 2002-07-19 New edition of the Hockenburys' text, which draws on their extensive teaching and writing experiences to speak directly to students who are new to psychology. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.), 2013-02-21 This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov) |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Encyclopedia of School Psychology Steven W. Lee, 2005-04-27 Lee (U. of Kansas) emphasizes the role of school psychologists as consultants, and one of this encyclopedia's goals is to introduce non-specialists to the scope of psychology applied to education. It can also serve as a reference for practitioners and vocational counselors. For ease of use, the comprehensive contents are listed both alphabetically |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: 21st Century Psychology: A Reference Handbook Stephen F. Davis, William Buskist, 2008 Highlights the most important topics, issues, questions, and debates in the field of psychology. Provides material of interest for students from all corners of psychological studies, whether their interests be in the biological, cognitive, developmental, social, or clinical arenas. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Human-Machine Shared Contexts William Lawless, Ranjeev Mittu, Donald Sofge, 2020-06-10 Human-Machine Shared Contexts considers the foundations, metrics, and applications of human-machine systems. Editors and authors debate whether machines, humans, and systems should speak only to each other, only to humans, or to both and how. The book establishes the meaning and operation of shared contexts between humans and machines; it also explores how human-machine systems affect targeted audiences (researchers, machines, robots, users) and society, as well as future ecosystems composed of humans and machines. This book explores how user interventions may improve the context for autonomous machines operating in unfamiliar environments or when experiencing unanticipated events; how autonomous machines can be taught to explain contexts by reasoning, inferences, or causality, and decisions to humans relying on intuition; and for mutual context, how these machines may interdependently affect human awareness, teams and society, and how these machines may be affected in turn. In short, can context be mutually constructed and shared between machines and humans? The editors are interested in whether shared context follows when machines begin to think, or, like humans, develop subjective states that allow them to monitor and report on their interpretations of reality, forcing scientists to rethink the general model of human social behavior. If dependence on machine learning continues or grows, the public will also be interested in what happens to context shared by users, teams of humans and machines, or society when these machines malfunction. As scientists and engineers think through this change in human terms, the ultimate goal is for AI to advance the performance of autonomous machines and teams of humans and machines for the betterment of society wherever these machines interact with humans or other machines. This book will be essential reading for professional, industrial, and military computer scientists and engineers; machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) scientists and engineers, especially those engaged in research on autonomy, computational context, and human-machine shared contexts; advanced robotics scientists and engineers; scientists working with or interested in data issues for autonomous systems such as with the use of scarce data for training and operations with and without user interventions; social psychologists, scientists and physical research scientists pursuing models of shared context; modelers of the internet of things (IOT); systems of systems scientists and engineers and economists; scientists and engineers working with agent-based models (ABMs); policy specialists concerned with the impact of AI and ML on society and civilization; network scientists and engineers; applied mathematicians (e.g., holon theory, information theory); computational linguists; and blockchain scientists and engineers. - Discusses the foundations, metrics, and applications of human-machine systems - Considers advances and challenges in the performance of autonomous machines and teams of humans - Debates theoretical human-machine ecosystem models and what happens when machines malfunction |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Behavior and Sequential Analyses Tom Sharpe, John Koperwas, 2003-01-15 Behavior and sequential Analyses provides a step-by-step approach to the principles and practices of direct observation and behaviour analysis research and evaluation procedures. Emphasis is on computer-facilitated methods designed to collect and analyze both the multiple characteristics of behaviour and events of interest and the time-based or sequential characteristics of behaviour and event relationships. Particularly designed for highly interactive applied settings, the methods and procedures outlined are presented in an introductory manner that should, nonetheless, still prove relevant to advanced students and seasoned researchers across the social and behavioural sciences and education. Behavior and sequential Analyses includes background and philosophy of applied behaviour analysis methodology, procedures for observation system construction and recommendations for handling reliability and treatment fidelity issues, a variety of data recording methods and research design types, graph preparation and visual and statistical discrete and sequential data analysis procedures, and an overview of recommended research, evaluation, and instructional applications for education, psychol |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Handbook of Research Methods in Abnormal and Clinical Psychology Dean McKay, 2008 The Handbook of Research Methods in Abnormal and Clinical Psychology presents a diverse range of areas critical to any researcher or student entering the field. It provides valuable information on the foundations of research methods, including validity in experimental design, ethics, and statistical methods. The contributors discuss design and instrumentation for methods that are particular to abnormal and clinical psychology, including behavioral assessment, psychophysiological assessment and observational methods. They also offer details on new advances in research methodology and analysis, such as meta-analysis, taxometric methods, item response theory, and approaches to determining clinical significance. In addition, this volume covers specialty topics within abnormal and clinical psychology from forensic psychology to behavior genetics to treatment outcome methods. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Experimental Methods in Psychology Gustav Levine, Stanley Parkinson, 1994 First Published in 1993. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Introduction to Psychology Jennifer Walinga, Charles Stangor, This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Building a Resilient Workforce Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Planning Committee on Workforce Resiliency Programs, 2012-07-18 Every job can lead to stress. How people cope with that stress can be influenced by many factors. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) employs a diverse staff that includes emergency responders, border patrol agents, federal air marshals, and policy analysts. These employees may be exposed to traumatic situations and disturbing information as part of their jobs. DHS is concerned that long-term exposure to stressors may reduce individual resilience, negatively affect employees' well-being, and deteriorate the department's level of operation readiness. To explore DHS workforce resilience, the Institute of Medicine hosted two workshops in September and November 2011. The September workshop focused on DHS's operational and law enforcement personnel, while the November workshop concentrated on DHS policy and program personnel with top secret security clearances. The workshop brought together an array of experts from various fields including resilience research, occupation health psychology, and emergency response. Building a Resilient Workforce: Opportunities for the Department of Homeland Security: Workshop Summary: Defines workforce resilience and its benefits such as increased operational readiness and long-term cost savings for the specified population; Identifies work-related stressors faced by DHS workers, and gaps in current services and programs; Prioritizes key areas of concern; and Identifies innovative and effective worker resilience programs that could potentially serve as models for relevant components of the DHS workforce. The report presents highlights from more than 20 hours of presentations and discussions from the two workshops, as well as the agendas and a complete listing of the speakers, panelists, and planning committee members. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Conducting Research in Psychology Brett W. Pelham, Hart Blanton, 2018-08-02 Conducting Research in Psychology: Measuring the Weight of Smoke provides students an engaging introduction to psychological research by employing humor, stories, and hands-on activities. Through its methodology exercises, learners are encouraged to use their intuition to understand research methods and apply basic research principles to novel problems. Authors Brett W. Pelham and Hart Blanton integrate cutting-edge topics, including implicit biases, measurement controversies, online data collection, and new tools for determining the replicability of a set of research findings. The Fifth Edition broadens its coverage of methodologies to reflect the types of research now conducted by psychologists. Two new chapters accommodate the needs of instructors who incorporate student research projects into their courses. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: The Art of Definition Ron Legarski, 2024-09-05 The Art of Definition: Crafting Words for Clear Communication is a comprehensive exploration into the world of definitions, delving into the subtle art and rigorous science behind defining terms with precision and clarity. In an age where language is both powerful and rapidly evolving, this book serves as a guide for anyone seeking to enhance their communication skills through the careful crafting of definitions. From legal terminology and scientific concepts to everyday language and cultural expressions, definitions form the foundation of how we convey meaning. This book provides readers with practical tools and strategies for writing effective definitions across a wide range of fields, demonstrating the pivotal role that well-crafted definitions play in ensuring accurate communication. By examining real-world examples, case studies, and different types of definitions—lexical, operational, stipulative, and more—The Art of Definition offers a detailed roadmap for understanding the complexities of language. Whether you are a student, professional, or simply someone intrigued by language, this book takes you on a journey into the heart of how definitions shape our understanding of the world. It also explores the challenges of defining abstract concepts, the importance of context, and the impact of definitions on knowledge across disciplines. With clear explanations and hands-on exercises, The Art of Definition empowers readers to craft definitions that enhance clarity, minimize ambiguity, and improve overall communication. By unlocking the techniques of definition writing, this book offers readers the ability to elevate their writing, their professional discourse, and their understanding of the world around them. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Handbook of Psychological and Educational Assessment of Children Cecil R. Reynolds, Randy W. Kamphaus, 2018-10-16 The two volumes of the Handbook of Psychological and Educational Assessment of Children, Second Edition, cover all aspects of child and adolescent assessment. Leading clinical scientists summarize the state of the science of assessment paradigms, instruments, and methods. With an emphasis on practical clinical considerations, chapters also delve into issues related to test development, psychometrics, and bias. Conveniently designed for reference or text use, this vast knowledge base has been synthesized into two volumes which may be purchased separately or together. INTELLIGENCE, APTITUDE, AND ACHIEVEMENT surveys assessment of intelligence, learning styles, and academic achievement; covers historical issues and psychometric methods; and addresses diversity issues, ethical concerns, and special topics in mental testing. PERSONALITY, BEHAVIOR, AND CONTEXT reviews the use of projective methods, interviewing and observation, and objective methods of assessing personality and behavior; discusses the assessment of specific syndromes and symptoms; and presents tools for assessing adaptive skills and the family context. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior Mark R. Leary, Rick H. Hoyle, 2013-12-17 How do individual differences interact with situational factors to shape social behavior? Are people with certain traits more likely to form lasting marriages; experience test-taking anxiety; break the law; feel optimistic about the future? This handbook provides a comprehensive, authoritative examination of the full range of personality variables associated with interpersonal judgment, behavior, and emotion. The contributors are acknowledged experts who have conducted influential research on the constructs they address. Chapters discuss how each personality attribute is conceptualized and assessed, review the strengths and limitations of available measures (including child and adolescent measures, when available), present important findings related to social behavior, and identify directions for future study. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Social Science Research Anol Bhattacherjee, 2012-04-01 This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Logical Psych Philip Bell, Phillip James Staines, 2000 An indispensable guide to skills of reasoning, explanation and writing. This book takes common problems in Psychology & relevant public controversies showing many arguments around the same problem. It also provides guidelines for writing good reports and essays. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: The Oxford Handbook of School Psychology Melissa A. Bray Ph.D., Thomas J. Kehle Ph.D., 2011-02-18 With its roots in clinical and educational psychology, school psychology is an ever-changing field that encompasses a diversity of topics. The Oxford Handbook of School Psychology synthesizes the most vital and relevant literature in all of these areas, producing a state-of-the-art, authoritative resource for practitioners, researchers, and parents. Comprising chapters authored by the leading figures in school psychology, The Oxford Handbook of School Psychology focuses on the significant issues, new developments, and scientific findings that continue to change the practical landscape. The handbook's focuses include: - allegiance to the reciprocal relationship between science and practice to promote problem-solving and enrichment models - service delivery designed to improve competencies of all students - the relationship between general cognitive ability and important life outcomes - the development of viable and enduring educational, family, and community systems to support students - increasing student diversity and the necessity of increased sensitivity to the influences of social, cultural, political, and legislative variables of schooling - outlining tenable reasons why, since the end of World War II, children from kindergarten through the secondary grades have generally not been the recipients of a superior or efficient educational system - all relevant legislation, including the No Child Left Behind Act, and the ongoing question of who or what is responsible for the inadequate academic preparation of inner-city children - building a cumulative knowledge base to better facilitate students' academic, social, and personal competencies including the promotion of positive mental health and subjective well-being The scholarship compiled here is a must-read for practitioners, students, and faculty, and an ideal resource for parents seeking a scientific approach to the efficacy of school psychology practices. In both breadth and depth, this handbook promises to serve as the benchmark reference work for years to come. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology Hugh Coolican, 2017-08-16 This sixth edition of Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology has been fully revised and updated, providing students with the most readable and comprehensive survey of research methods, statistical concepts and procedures in psychology today. Assuming no prior knowledge, this bestselling text takes you through every stage of your research project giving advice on planning and conducting studies, analysing data and writing up reports. The book provides clear coverage of statistical procedures, and includes everything needed from nominal level tests to multi-factorial ANOVA designs, multiple regression and log linear analysis. It features detailed and illustrated SPSS instructions for all these procedures eliminating the need for an extra SPSS textbook. New features in the sixth edition include: Tricky bits - in-depth notes on the things that students typically have problems with, including common misunderstandings and likely mistakes. Improved coverage of qualitative methods and analysis, plus updates to Grounded Theory, Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis and Discourse Analysis. A full and recently published journal article using Thematic Analysis, illustrating how articles appear in print. Discussion of contemporary issues and debates, including recent coverage of journals’ reluctance to publish replication of studies. Fully updated online links, offering even more information and useful resources, especially for statistics. Each chapter contains a glossary, key terms and newly integrated exercises, ensuring that key concepts are understood. A companion website (www.routledge.com/cw/coolican) provides additional exercises, revision flash cards, links to further reading and data for use with SPSS. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems Judea Pearl, 2014-06-28 Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems is a complete and accessible account of the theoretical foundations and computational methods that underlie plausible reasoning under uncertainty. The author provides a coherent explication of probability as a language for reasoning with partial belief and offers a unifying perspective on other AI approaches to uncertainty, such as the Dempster-Shafer formalism, truth maintenance systems, and nonmonotonic logic. The author distinguishes syntactic and semantic approaches to uncertainty--and offers techniques, based on belief networks, that provide a mechanism for making semantics-based systems operational. Specifically, network-propagation techniques serve as a mechanism for combining the theoretical coherence of probability theory with modern demands of reasoning-systems technology: modular declarative inputs, conceptually meaningful inferences, and parallel distributed computation. Application areas include diagnosis, forecasting, image interpretation, multi-sensor fusion, decision support systems, plan recognition, planning, speech recognition--in short, almost every task requiring that conclusions be drawn from uncertain clues and incomplete information. Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems will be of special interest to scholars and researchers in AI, decision theory, statistics, logic, philosophy, cognitive psychology, and the management sciences. Professionals in the areas of knowledge-based systems, operations research, engineering, and statistics will find theoretical and computational tools of immediate practical use. The book can also be used as an excellent text for graduate-level courses in AI, operations research, or applied probability. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Evaluating, Doing and Writing Research in Psychology Philip Bell, Phillip Staines, Joel Michell, 2001-03-30 Evaluating, Doing and Writing Research in Psychology is a thoroughly revised and expanded co-edition of the highly regarded Reasoning and Argument in Psychology, originally published by UNSW Press, Australia. It represents a comprehensive textbook for all undergraduates in psychology who need to undertake empirical research, taking them step-by-step through the process. In particular, it offers the a range of study skills enabling the student to understand the complex processes involved with psychological research, not really covered in other texts. Coverage includes: · A guide to evaluating statements, arguments and a range of different psychological explanations · Chapters on the interpretation and evaluation of data and evidence, understanding weaknesses in psychological argument, and measurement and numerical reasoning · Chapters on doing a literature review, writing up essays and projects, and reporting observational studies. This is a practical textbook. Textboxes are included to help students comprehend jargon, key research terms and likely problem areas in psychological research.At the end of each chapter, summaries, questions and exercises are included - all designed to give students extra clarification of issues and to help with their overall understanding. Plenty of new examples have been added from the previous edition and exercises are more clearly focused. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Recent Trends in Computational Intelligence Enabled Research Siddhartha Bhattacharyya, Paramartha Dutta, Debabrata Samanta, Anirban Mukherjee, Indrajit Pan, 2021-07-31 The field of computational intelligence has grown tremendously over that past five years, thanks to evolving soft computing and artificial intelligent methodologies, tools and techniques for envisaging the essence of intelligence embedded in real life observations. Consequently, scientists have been able to explain and understand real life processes and practices which previously often remain unexplored by virtue of their underlying imprecision, uncertainties and redundancies, and the unavailability of appropriate methods for describing the incompleteness and vagueness of information represented. With the advent of the field of computational intelligence, researchers are now able to explore and unearth the intelligence, otherwise insurmountable, embedded in the systems under consideration. Computational Intelligence is now not limited to only specific computational fields, it has made inroads in signal processing, smart manufacturing, predictive control, robot navigation, smart cities, and sensor design to name a few. Recent Trends in Computational Intelligence Enabled Research: Theoretical Foundations and Applications explores the use of this computational paradigm across a wide range of applied domains which handle meaningful information. Chapters investigate a broad spectrum of the applications of computational intelligence across different platforms and disciplines, expanding our knowledge base of various research initiatives in this direction. This volume aims to bring together researchers, engineers, developers and practitioners from academia and industry working in all major areas and interdisciplinary areas of computational intelligence, communication systems, computer networks, and soft computing. - Provides insights into the theory, algorithms, implementation, and application of computational intelligence techniques - Covers a wide range of applications of deep learning across various domains which are researching the applications of computational intelligence - Investigates novel techniques and reviews the state-of-the-art in the areas of machine learning, computer vision, soft computing techniques |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology Bernard C. Beins, Maureen A. McCarthy, 2018-12-13 Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology provides a seamless introduction to the subject, identifying various research areas and analyzing how one can approach them statistically. The text provides a solid empirical foundation for undergraduate psychology majors, and it prepares the reader to think critically and evaluate psychological research and claims they might hear in the news or popular press. This second edition features updated examples of research and new illustrations of important principles. It also includes updated coverage of ethical issues in research and of current diversity issues. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: The Process of Research in Psychology Dawn M. McBride, 2019-01-02 The Process of Research in Psychology employs the pedagogical approach of spaced repetition to present a student-friendly introduction to conducting research in psychology. Drawing on more than 17 years of teaching experience, best-selling author Dawn M. McBride covers topics with step-by-step explanations to help students understand the full process of designing, conducting, and presenting a research study. Early chapters introduce important concepts for developing research ideas, subject sampling, ethics, and data collection; more detailed coverage of these topics is included in More About chapters to provide instructors with flexibility in their teaching. Concepts and skills relevant to more than one stage of the research process are covered in multiple contexts, providing repeated exposure to the topics students often struggle with but that are the most important in gaining research skills. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Revise in a Month VCE Psychology Julian Fraillon, 2005 |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Self Control in Society, Mind, and Brain Ran Hassin, Kevin Ochsner, Yaacov Trope, 2010-04-12 This book presents social, cognitive and neuroscientific approaches to the study of self-control, connecting recent work in cognitive and social psychology with recent advances in cognitive and social neuroscience. In bringing together multiple perspectives on self-control dilemmas from internationally renowned researchers in various allied disciplines, this is the first single-reference volume to illustrate the richness, depth, and breadth of the research in the new field of self control. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Psychological Operations Frank L. Goldstein, Benjamin F. Findley, 1996 This anthology serves as a fundamental guide to PSYOP philosophy, concepts, principles, issues, and thought for both those new to, and those experienced in, the PSYOP field and PSYOP applications. It clarifies the value of PSYOP as a cost-effective weapon and incorporates it as a psychological instrument of U.S. military and political power, especially given our present budgetary constraints. Presents diverse articles that portray the value of the planned use of human actions to influence perceptions, public opinion, attitudes, and behaviors so that PSYOP victories can be achieved in war and in peace. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination Mary E. Kite, Bernard E. Whitley, Jr., 2016-06-10 Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination provides a comprehensive and compelling overview of what psychological theory and research have to say about the nature, causes, and reduction of prejudice and discrimination. It balances a detailed discussion of theories and selected research with applied examples that ensure the material is relevant to students. Newly revised and updated, this edition addresses several interlocking themes, such as research methods, the development of prejudice in children, the relationship between prejudice and discrimination, and discrimination in the workplace, which are developed in greater detail than in other textbooks. The first theme introduced is the nature of prejudice and discrimination, which is followed by a discussion of research methods. Next comes the psychological underpinnings of prejudice: the nature of stereotypes, the conditions under which stereotypes influence responses to other people, contemporary theories of prejudice, and how values and belief systems are related to prejudice. Explored next are the development of prejudice in children and the social context of prejudice. The theme of discrimination is developed via discussions of the nature of discrimination, the experience of discrimination, and specific forms of discrimination, including gender, sexual orientation, age, ability, and appearance. The concluding theme is the reduction of prejudice. An ideal core text for junior and senior college students who have had a course in introductory psychology, it is written in a style that is accessible to students in other fields including education, social work, business, communication studies, ethnic studies, and other disciplines. In addition to courses on prejudice and discrimination, this book is also adapted for courses that cover topics in racism and diversity. For instructor resources, consult the companion website (http://www.routledge.com/cw/Kite), which includes an Instructor Manual that contains activities and tools to help with teaching a prejudice and discrimination course; PowerPoint slides for every chapter; and a Test Bank with exam questions for every chapter for a total of over 1,700 questions. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Operational Psychology Thomas J. Williams, 2019-06-24 Operational psychology plays a unique role in supporting issues of nationa security, national defense, and public safety. In this book, authors Mark A. Staal and Sally C. Harvey, both operational psychologists and retired military colonels, lead a team of experts explaining the field, its many roles, and how it is expanding--back cover. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Study Guide for Psychology in Everyday LIfe David G. Myers, Richard O. Straub, 2008-11-28 |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, Fifth Edition Hugh Coolican, 2013-03-07 This fifth edition of Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology has been revised and updated, providing students with the most readable and comprehensive survey of research methods, statistical concepts and procedures in psychology today. The book assumes no prior knowledge, taking you through every stage of your research project in manageable steps. Advice on planning and conducting studies, analysing data and writing up practical reports is given, and examples provided, as well as advice on how to report results in conventional (APA) style. Unlike other introductory texts, there is discussion of commonly misunderstood concepts such as ecological validity, the null hypothesis and the role of cross-cultural psychology studies. Qualitative research is included in the central research methods chapters as well as being highlighted in specialist chapters which cover content analysis, grounded theory, interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), narrative analysis, discourse analysis and how to tackle a qualitative research project. The book provides clear coverage of statistical procedures, and includes everything needed at undergraduate level from nominal level tests to multi-factorial ANOVA designs, multiple regression and log linear analysis. In addition, the book provides detailed and illustrated SPSS instructions (updated to version 16) for all statistical procedures, including data entry and interpreting output, thus eliminating the need for an extra SPSS textbook. Each chapter contains a glossary, key terms and newly integrated exercises, ensuring that key concepts are understood. A companion website (www.routledge.com/cw/coolican) provides additional exercises, revision flash cards, links to further reading and data for use with SPSS. The bestselling research methods text for almost two decades, Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology remains an invaluable resource for students of psychology throughout their studies. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: The Process of Research and Statistical Analysis in Psychology Dawn M. McBride, 2019-07-17 The Process of Research and Statistical Analysis in Psychology presents integrated coverage of psychological research methods and statistical analysis to illustrate how these two crucial processes work together to uncover new information. Best-selling author Dawn M. McBride draws on over 20 years of experience using a practical step-by-step approach in her teaching to guide students through the full process of designing, conducting, and presenting a research study. The text opens with introductory discussions of why psychologists conduct and analyze research before digging into the process of designing an experiment and performing statistical analyses. Each chapter concludes with exercises and activities that promote critical thinking, the smart consumption of research, and practical application. Students will come away with a complete picture of the role that research plays in psychology as well as their everyday lives. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Experimental Psychology Prof. Dr. Bilal Semih Bozdemir, Experimental psychology is a branch of psychology that employs scientific methods to study and understand psychological phenomena. The principal objective of experimental psychology is to investigate the underlying cognitive processes, emotions, behaviors, and social interactions through empirical observation and controlled experimentation. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the foundational principles that underpin experimental psychology, its objectives, and the significance of its methodologies in the broader context of psychological research. The foundation of experimental psychology lies in the belief that behaviors and mental processes can be quantified, measured, and manipulated in a systematic manner. This empirical investigation predominately stems from the principles of behaviorism and cognitive psychology, among others. The approach seeks to elucidate the cause-and-effect relationships between variables, thereby accumulating knowledge that can be generalized to broader populations and contexts. One of the foundational concepts of experimental psychology is hypothesis testing. Researchers formulate specific, testable predictions about the relationship between variables based on existing theories and literature. These hypotheses guide the experimental design, leading to the identification of independent variables (IVs), dependent variables (DVs), and control variables. The manipulation of IVs allows researchers to observe changes in DVs, thus uncovering psychological insights through structured experimentation. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Selecting and Describing Your Research Instruments Kelly S. McClure, 2020 Series foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Identifying and defining the constructs and variables to measure -- Types of instruments and their properties: Methods to measure variables and constructs -- Identifying available instruments -- Gathering and organizing information about instruments -- Permissions and feasibility -- Using the evidence to guide your instrument selection -- Following ethical principles and guidelines -- Describing instruments effectively for different audiences -- Troubleshooting -- Conclusion -- Conclusion -- Glossary -- References -- Index -- About the author -- About the series editor. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Myers' Psychology for the AP® Course David G. Myers, C. Nathan DeWall, 2018-04-02 Thus begins market-leading author David Myers’ discussion of developmental psychology in Unit 9 of his new Myers’ Psychology for AP® Second Edition. With an undeniable gift for writing, Dr. Myers will lead your students on a guided tour of psychological science and poignant personal stories. Dr. Myers teaches, illuminates, and inspires. Four years ago, we published this ground-breaking text which is correlated directly to the AP® course. Today, we build on that innovation and proudly introduce the 2nd AP® Edition. Whether you are new to AP® psychology or have many years under your belt, this uniquely AP® book program can help you achieve more. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Myers' Psychology for AP* David G. Myers, 2010-03-12 Already The Bestselling AP* Psychology Author, Myers Writes His First Exclusive AP* Psych Text Watch Dave G. Myers introduce this new text here. David G. Myers is best known for his top-selling college psychology texts, used successfully across North America in thousands of AP* courses. As effective as Myers’ college texts have been for the AP* course, we believe his new text will be even better, because Myers’ Psychology for AP* has been written especially for the AP* course! |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Advances in Traffic Psychology Mark Sullman, 2019-07-23 Traffic psychology is a rapidly expanding and broad field within applied psychology with a considerable volume of research activities and a growing network of academic strands of enquiry. The discipline primarily focuses on the behaviour of road users and the psychological processes underlying these behaviours, looking at issues such as cognition, distraction, fatigue, personality and social aspects, often delivering practical applications and educational interventions. Traffic psychology has been the focus of research for almost as long as the motor car has been in existence and was first recognised as a discipline in 1990 when the International Association of Applied Psychology formed Division 13: Traffic and Transportation Psychology. The benefits of understanding traffic psychology are being increasingly recognised by a whole host of organisations keen to improve road safety or minimise health and safety risks when travelling in vehicles. The objective of this volume is to describe and discuss recent advances in the study of traffic psychology, with a major focus on how the field contributes to the understanding of at-risk road-user behaviour. The intended readerships include road-safety researchers from a variety of different academic backgrounds, senior practitioners in the field including regulatory authorities, the private and public sector personnel, and vehicle manufacturers concerned with improving road safety. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination Institute of Medicine, Board on the Health of Select Populations, Committee on Psychological Testing, Including Validity Testing, for Social Security Administration Disability Determinations, 2015-06-29 The United States Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two disability programs: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), for disabled individuals, and their dependent family members, who have worked and contributed to the Social Security trust funds, and Supplemental Security Income (SSSI), which is a means-tested program based on income and financial assets for adults aged 65 years or older and disabled adults and children. Both programs require that claimants have a disability and meet specific medical criteria in order to qualify for benefits. SSA establishes the presence of a medically-determined impairment in individuals with mental disorders other than intellectual disability through the use of standard diagnostic criteria, which include symptoms and signs. These impairments are established largely on reports of signs and symptoms of impairment and functional limitation. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination considers the use of psychological tests in evaluating disability claims submitted to the SSA. This report critically reviews selected psychological tests, including symptom validity tests, that could contribute to SSA disability determinations. The report discusses the possible uses of such tests and their contribution to disability determinations. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination discusses testing norms, qualifications for administration of tests, administration of tests, and reporting results. The recommendations of this report will help SSA improve the consistency and accuracy of disability determination in certain cases. |
| examples of operational definitions in psychology: Research Methods Bernard C. Beins, 2018-11-22 Research Methods is an introduction to the importance of scientific research in everyday life and uses familiar examples to keep students engaged. The text analyzes controversies in psychology to stimulate student interest while explaining crucial methodological concepts. It presents ethical issues related to research, as well as social and cultural factors that might affect it, and provides a comprehensive introduction to a wide variety of methodologies. Through this book, students will learn how to generate research questions and select appropriate methodology, as well as to write a successful research report. |
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Apache ECharts，一款基于JavaScript的数据可视化图表库，提供直观，生动，可交互，可个性化定制的数据可视化图表。
Examples - Apache ECharts
Examples; Resources. Spread Sheet Tool; Theme Builder; Cheat Sheet; More Resources; Community. Events; Committers; Mailing List; How to Contribute; Dependencies; Code …
Examples - Apache ECharts
Examples; Resources. Spread Sheet Tool; Theme Builder; Cheat Sheet; More Resources; Community. Events; Committers; Mailing List; How to Contribute; Dependencies; Code …
Apache ECharts
ECharts: A Declarative Framework for Rapid Construction of Web-based Visualization. 如果您在科研项目、产品、学术论文、技术报告、新闻报告、教育、专利以及其他相关活动中使用了 …
Events - Apache ECharts
Examples; Resources. Spread Sheet Tool; Theme Builder; Cheat Sheet; More Resources; Community. Events; Committers; Mailing List; How to Contribute; Dependencies; Code …
Examples - Apache ECharts
Apache ECharts，一款基于JavaScript的数据可视化图表库，提供直观，生动，可交互，可个性化定制的数据可视化图表。
Examples - Apache ECharts
Examples; Resources. Spread Sheet Tool; Theme Builder; Cheat Sheet; More Resources; Community. Events; Committers; Mailing List; How to Contribute; Dependencies; Code …
Examples - Apache ECharts
Examples; Resources. Spread Sheet Tool; Theme Builder; Cheat Sheet; More Resources; Community. Events; Committers; Mailing List; How to Contribute; Dependencies; Code …
Apache ECharts
ECharts: A Declarative Framework for Rapid Construction of Web-based Visualization. 如果您在科研项目、产品、学术论文、技术报告、新闻报告、教育、专利以及其他相关活动中使用了 …
Events - Apache ECharts
Examples; Resources. Spread Sheet Tool; Theme Builder; Cheat Sheet; More Resources; Community. Events; Committers; Mailing List; How to Contribute; Dependencies; Code …
