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| false alarm in psychology: Cry Wolf S. Breznitz, 2013-05-13 Published in the year 1984, Cry Wolf is a valuable contribution to the field of Developmental Psychology. |
| false alarm in psychology: False Alarm Bjorn Lomborg, 2020-07-14 An “essential” (Times UK) and “meticulously researched” (Forbes) book by “the skeptical environmentalist” argues that panic over climate change is causing more harm than good Hurricanes batter our coasts. Wildfires rage across the American West. Glaciers collapse in the Artic. Politicians, activists, and the media espouse a common message: climate change is destroying the planet, and we must take drastic action immediately to stop it. Children panic about their future, and adults wonder if it is even ethical to bring new life into the world. Enough, argues bestselling author Bjorn Lomborg. Climate change is real, but it's not the apocalyptic threat that we've been told it is. Projections of Earth's imminent demise are based on bad science and even worse economics. In panic, world leaders have committed to wildly expensive but largely ineffective policies that hamper growth and crowd out more pressing investments in human capital, from immunization to education. False Alarm will convince you that everything you think about climate change is wrong -- and points the way toward making the world a vastly better, if slightly warmer, place for us all. |
| false alarm in psychology: False Alarm Marc Siegel, 2008-05-02 More relevant than ever as the Coronavirus, COVID-19 pandemic sweeps the globe, False Alarm (Originally released in 2008) reminds readers to look closely at the facts as the media covers the national pandemic news and spread of the virus, as well as reinforces the notion that we must arm ourselves against fear tactics that inhibit our abilities to properly make decisions in a world of uncertainty. Life today for citizens of the developed world is safer, easier, and healthier than for any other people in history thanks to modern medicine, science, technology, and intelligence. So why is an epidemic of fear sweeping America? The answer, according to nationally renowned health commentator Dr. Marc Siegel, is that we live in an artificially created culture of fear. In False Alarm, Siegel identifies three major catalysts of the culture of fear—government, the media, and big pharma. With fascinating, blow-by-blow analyses of the most sensational false alarms of the past few years, he shows how these fearmongers manipulate our most primitive instincts—often without our even realizing it. False Alarm shows us how to look behind the hype and hysteria, inoculate ourselves against fear tactics, and develop the emotional and intellectual skills needed to take back our lives. |
| false alarm in psychology: It's Only a False Alarm John Piacentini, Audra Langley, Tami Roblek, 2007-04-19 It's Only a False Alarm, Workbook is designed to be used in conjunction with the treatment program outlined in the corresponding Therapist Guide by the same authors. It is written for children and adolescents who are undergoing treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). This workbook contains easy-to-read and understand psychoeducational material, as well as at-home exercises designed to help children relieve their anxiety and manage their OCD-related symptoms. |
| false alarm in psychology: Making Sense of Statistics Fred Pyrczak, 2016-10-04 • An overview of descriptive and inferential statistics without formulas and computations. • Clear and to-the-point narrative makes this short book perfect for all courses in which statistics are discussed. • Helps statistics students who are struggling with the concepts. Shows them the meanings of the statistics they are computing. • This book is easy to digest because it is divided into short sections with review questions at the end of each section. • Running sidebars draw students’ attention to important concepts. |
| false alarm in psychology: Psychology Richard A. Griggs, 2008-02-15 The updated 2nd edition of this brief introduction to Psychology, is more accessible and ideal for short courses. This is a brief, accessible introductory psychology textbook. The updated 2nd edition of this clear and brief introduction to Psychology is written by the award-winning lecturer and author Richard Griggs. The text is written in an engaging style and presents a selection of carefully chosen core concepts in psychology, providing solid topical coverage without drowning the student in a sea of details. |
| false alarm in psychology: Tame Your Anxiety Loretta Graziano Breuning, 2019-05-08 Anxiety is natural. Calm is learned. If you didn’t learn yesterday, you can learn today. It’s not easy, of course. Once your natural alarm system is triggered, it’s hard to find the off switch. Indeed, you don’t have an off switch until you build one. Tame Your Anxiety shows you how. Readers learn about the brain chemicals that make us feel threatened and the chemicals that make us feel safe. You’ll see how your brain turns on these chemicals with neural pathways built from past experience, and, most important, you discover your power to build new pathways, to enjoy more happy chemicals, and reduce threat chemicals. This book does not tell you to imagine yourself on a tropical beach. That’s the last thing you want when you feel like a lion is chasing you. Instead, you will learn to ask your inner mammal what it wants and how you can get it. Each time you step toward meeting a survival need, you build the neural pathways that expect your needs to be met. You don’t have to wait for a perfect world to feel good. You can feel good right now. The exercises in this book help you build a self-soothing circuit in steps so small that anyone can do it. Once you learn how it’s done, and how it can help ease your anxiety, you will learn how to handle situations in which you feel threatened or anxious. Understanding the underlying mechanisms will help you stop them before they get ahead of you. |
| false alarm in psychology: Personalized Exposure Therapy Jasper A.J. Smits, Mark B. Powers, Michael W. Otto, 2019-07-19 Evidence overwhelmingly shows that exposure therapy is effective for the treatment of anxiety and related disorders. Its adoption into clinical practice has been slow, however-in part because the available one-size-fits-all manuals often leave patients and clinicians unsatisfied. Personalized Exposure Therapy provides expert guidance to clinicians on conducting exposure-based interventions in a targeted and flexible fashion. Providing detailed information on a range of strategies for maximizing clinical outcomes from exposure, this book features a case formulation approach that personalizes the timing and nature of exposure practice. Case examples, scripts, and worksheets, presented in a practical, mentor-based format for planning and enacting individual sessions, ensure that clinical procedures are readily accessible for in-session use. Personalized Exposure Therapy is appropriate for early-career and experienced clinicians alike, and will also be suitable for use in graduate courses in clinical psychology, counselling, social work, nursing and psychiatry. |
| false alarm in psychology: Detection Theory Neil A. Macmillan, C. Douglas Creelman, 2004-09-22 Detection Theory is an introduction to one of the most important tools for analysis of data where choices must be made and performance is not perfect. Originally developed for evaluation of electronic detection, detection theory was adopted by psychologists as a way to understand sensory decision making, then embraced by students of human memory. It has since been utilized in areas as diverse as animal behavior and X-ray diagnosis. This book covers the basic principles of detection theory, with separate initial chapters on measuring detection and evaluating decision criteria. Some other features include: *complete tools for application, including flowcharts, tables, pointers, and software; *student-friendly language; *complete coverage of content area, including both one-dimensional and multidimensional models; *separate, systematic coverage of sensitivity and response bias measurement; *integrated treatment of threshold and nonparametric approaches; *an organized, tutorial level introduction to multidimensional detection theory; *popular discrimination paradigms presented as applications of multidimensional detection theory; and *a new chapter on ideal observers and an updated chapter on adaptive threshold measurement. This up-to-date summary of signal detection theory is both a self-contained reference work for users and a readable text for graduate students and other researchers learning the material either in courses or on their own. |
| false alarm in psychology: The Stages of Higher Knowledge Rudolf Steiner, 2009-08 What does it mean to be human? Human development unfolds in a twofold way. On the one hand, there is an ever-more profound incarnation, or inhabitation, of the physical body. On the other hand, there is the increasing discrimination of the individual objects of the world. Difficulties and obstacles along this path can lead to so-called disabilities. König's approach to curative education allows us to see these disabilities as meaningful ways of coping with or resolving the various problems that arise in living in a physical body. From this point of view, disabilities are exaggerated forms of ways we all use to cope with life. The point is not only to see the deviations, but to see them against the mighty backdrop of a comprehensive child anthropology. Being Human presents the outline of just such a comprehensive anthropology. Being Human is of value not only to those working in special education, but to anyone interested in the dynamics of incarnation and normal development. |
| false alarm in psychology: Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Childhood OCD John Piacentini, Audra Langley, Tami Roblek, 2007-04-19 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) affects an estimated 2% of children in the United States and can cause considerable anxiety. OCD is characterized by a pattern of rituals (or compulsions) and obsessive thinking. Common obsessions among children and teens include a fear of dirt or germs, a need for symmetry, order, and precision, and a fear of illness or harm coming to oneself or relatives. Common compulsions include grooming, repeating, and cleaning rituals. These obsessions and compulsions can severely interfere with daily functioning and are a source of significant distress. Without adequate treatment, the quality of life for youths and families dealing with OCD often suffers. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has shown to be effective in the treatment of childhood OCD. This Therapist Guide outlines a 12-session CBT-based treatment for OCD that benefits not only children and adolescents, but their families as well. Each session incorporates a family therapy component in addition to individual treatment for the child. It is a combined approach program that educates the child and family about OCD in order to reduce negative feelings of guilt and blame and to normalize family functioning. This manual also provides guidelines for conducting both imaginal and in vivo exposures; techniques at the core of helping children reduce their anxiety. For use with children ages 8 17, this book is an indispensable resource for clinicians helping children and their families cope with OCD. |
| false alarm in psychology: Research Methods in Psychology Glynis Marie Breakwell, 2006 This Third Edition of this bestselling text retains its status as one of the most accessible, practically useful and theoretically rigorous textbooks on the market today, and has been developed even further to help students get the most from their studies. The textbook is now oriented around three parts focusing on the major processed in conducting research-from formulating research questions, designing research activity, data gathering, and analysis. A rich diversity of methods is now covered, and the book offers extended coverage of qualitative methods-now fundamental in psychological methods courses. |
| false alarm in psychology: Good Reasons for Bad Feelings Randolph M. Nesse, MD, 2019-02-12 A founder of the field of evolutionary medicine uses his decades of experience as a psychiatrist to provide a much-needed new framework for making sense of mental illness. Why do I feel bad? There is real power in understanding our bad feelings. With his classic Why We Get Sick, Dr. Randolph Nesse helped to establish the field of evolutionary medicine. Now he returns with a book that transforms our understanding of mental disorders by exploring a fundamentally new question. Instead of asking why certain people suffer from mental illness, Nesse asks why natural selection has left us all with fragile minds. Drawing on revealing stories from his own clinical practice and insights from evolutionary biology, Nesse shows how negative emotions are useful in certain situations, yet can become overwhelming. Anxiety protects us from harm in the face of danger, but false alarms are inevitable. Low moods prevent us from wasting effort in pursuit of unreachable goals, but they often escalate into pathological depression. Other mental disorders, such as addiction and anorexia, result from the mismatch between modern environment and our ancient human past. And there are good evolutionary reasons for sexual disorders and for why genes for schizophrenia persist. Taken together, these and many more insights help to explain the pervasiveness of human suffering, and show us new paths for relieving it by understanding individuals as individuals. |
| false alarm in psychology: The Cognitive Neuropsychology of False Memories Daniel L. Schacter, 1999 People sometimes remember events that never happened. These illusory or false memories have important practical implications in various aspects of everyday life, and also have significant theoretical implications for cognitive and neuropsychological models of memory. Cognitive psychologists and neuropsychologists have long been aware of false recognition, confabulation, and related kinds of memory distortions, but during the past several years research on these topics has increased rapidly. In recognition of this emerging domain of interest, this special issue of Cognitive Neuropsychologyis devoted to the cognitive neuropsychology of false memories. Edited by Daniel L. Schacter, the special issue features experimental and theoretical contributions from leading cognitive psychologists, neuropsychologists, and neurologists that explore such issues as false recognition after frontal lobe damage, the nature of confabulation, amnesia and false memories, physiological correlates of memory illusions, memory distortions in normal and abnormal aging, and computational models of true and false memories. gical correlates of memory illusions, memory distortions in normal and abnormal aging, and computational models of true and false memories. |
| false alarm in psychology: Emergent Techniques for Assessment of Visual Performance National Research Council, 1985-01-01 Recent vision research has led to the emergence of new techniques that offer exciting potential for a more complete assessment of vision in clinical, industrial, and military settings. Emergent Techniques for Assessment of Visual Performance examines four areas of vision testing that offer potential for improved assessment of visual capability including: contrast sensitivity function, dark-focus of accommodation, dynamic visual acuity and dynamic depth tracking, and ambient and focal vision. In contrast to studies of accepted practices, this report focuses on emerging techniques that could help determine whether people have the vision necessary to do their jobs. In addition to examining some of these emerging techniques, the report identifies their usefulness in predicting performance on other visual and visual-motor tasks, and makes recommendations for future research. Emergent Techniques for Assessment of Visual Performance provides summary recommendations for research that will have significant value and policy implications for the next 5 to 10 years. The content and conclusions of this report can serve as a useful resource for those responsible for screening industrial and military visual function. |
| false alarm in psychology: Panic Free Tom Bunn, 2019-04-30 “HURRY, BUY THE BOOK AND TRANSFORM YOUR LIFE.” — Marla Friedman, PsyD, PC, board chairman, Badge of Life What if you could stop panic by tapping into a different part of your brain? Through natural stimulation of your vagus nerve, you can end panic and anxiety, and this book can show you how. After years of working to help sufferers of panic and anxiety, licensed therapist (and pilot) Tom Bunn discovered a highly effective solution that utilizes a part of the brain not affected by the stress hormones that bombard a person experiencing panic. This “unconscious procedural memory” can be programmed to control panic by preventing the release of stress hormones and activating the parasympathetic nervous system. This process, outlined in Panic Free, sounds complicated but is not, requiring just ten days and no drugs or doctors. Bunn includes specific instructions for dealing with common panic triggers, such as airplane travel, bridges, MRIs, and tunnels. Because panic is profoundly life-limiting, the program Bunn offers can be a real life-changer. |
| false alarm in psychology: At the Gates of Spiritual Science Rudolf Steiner, 1970 |
| false alarm in psychology: Mastery of Your Anxiety and Panic Michelle G. Craske, David H. Barlow, 2007 Handbooks, Manuals, Guides. |
| false alarm in psychology: Signal Detection Theory and Psychophysics David Marvin Green, John A. Swets, 1988-01 The book summarizes the application of signal detection theory to the analysis an measurement of humn observer's sensor sysem. The theory provides a way to analyze what had been called the threshold or sensory limen, the basic unit of all discrimination studies, whether human or animal. The book outlines the theory of statisical decision making and its application to a variety of common psychophysical processes. It shows how signal detection theory can be used to separate sensory and decision aspects of responses in dicrimination. The concepts of the ideal observer and energy detector are presented and compared with human auditory detection data. Signal detection theory is appliced to a variety of other substanditive problemsin sensory psychology. Signal Detection Theory and Psychology is an invaluable book for psychologists dealing with sensory perception, especailly auditory, for psychologists studying discrimination in other cognitivie processes, and for human factor engineers dealing with man/machine interfaces. |
| false alarm in psychology: Understanding Statistics and Experimental Design Michael H. Herzog, Gregory Francis, Aaron Clarke, 2019-08-13 This open access textbook provides the background needed to correctly use, interpret and understand statistics and statistical data in diverse settings. Part I makes key concepts in statistics readily clear. Parts I and II give an overview of the most common tests (t-test, ANOVA, correlations) and work out their statistical principles. Part III provides insight into meta-statistics (statistics of statistics) and demonstrates why experiments often do not replicate. Finally, the textbook shows how complex statistics can be avoided by using clever experimental design. Both non-scientists and students in Biology, Biomedicine and Engineering will benefit from the book by learning the statistical basis of scientific claims and by discovering ways to evaluate the quality of scientific reports in academic journals and news outlets. |
| false alarm in psychology: Behavioral and Psychological Approaches to Breathing Disorders R. Ley, B.H. Timmons, 2013-06-29 We start life with a breath, and the process continues automatically for the rest of our lives. Because breathing continues on its own, without our awareness, it does not necessarily mean that it is always functioning for optimum mental and physical health. The opposite is true often. The problem with breathing is that it seems so easy and natural that we rarely give it a second thought. We breathe: we inhale, we exhale. What could be simpler? But behind that simple act lies a process that affects us profoundly. It affects the way we think and feel, the quality of what we create, and how we function in our daily life. Breathing affects our psychological and physiological states, while our psychological states affect the pattern of our breathing. For example, when anxious, we tend to hold our breath and speak at the end of inspiration in a high-pitched voice. Depressed people tend to sigh and speak at the end of expiration in a low-toned voice. A child having a temper tantrum holds his or her breath until blue in the face. Hyperven tilation causes not only anxiety but also such a variety of symptoms that patients can go from one specialty department to another until a wise clinician spots the abnormal breathing pattern and the patient is successfully trained to shift from maladaptive to normal breathing behavior. |
| false alarm in psychology: Experimental Methods in Psychology Gustav Levine, Stanley Parkinson, 2014-03-05 This text focuses on the experimental methods and the associated terminology encountered in the research literature of psychology. Initially, the content is kept simple, so as not to distract from the information on research technique and philosophy. Interesting psychological questions from well researched areas are then examined in detail, permitting a fuller discussion of the problems encountered in specific paradigms. It is in this fashion that the book offers both methods and content. Unique features of this text include: * a detailed discussion of the process of theorizing, coupled with a close examination of psychological constructs, offers the reader an opportunity to see how psychologists think about, develop, and modify their theories, and the part played by research in changing explanations of behavior. * Although it is common for psychologists to be self-conscious in their reasoning, it is uncommon to see an analysis of the logic that they use to draw conclusions. Presenting material that is rarely verbalized but readily acknowledged by experienced researchers, the text contains an overt analysis of the logic of drawing conclusions from research. * Instructors are given a choice among 15 chapters to focus on or combine to suit the course's concentration. For example, instructors have the option of focusing on experimental psychology or a broad-based course including material on research methods in experimental, social, clinical, and applied psychology. * Courses in experimental psychology or research methods are required for every psychology major. Statistical understanding is vital for this curriculum, and this text contains a comprehensive chapter on statistics making it ideal for courses that combine statistics and experimental methods. Other important coverage includes: * an all-inclusive summary of the material found in an introductory statistics class. Although courses in research methods and experimental psychology usually have a statistics prerequisite, the students rarely remember the material when entering the research course. This text provides the instructor with the option of simply assigning the statistics information as a review, rather than repeating the lectures. If the course requirements are such as to necessitate a joint statistics and research methods course -- with the instructor lecturing on both topics -- this text could serve as the single text for the course. A helpful discussion -- accompanied by a valuable table -- demonstrates how to choose an appropriate statistic. All necessary formulas and other familiar statistical procedures -- illustrating computational steps -- are also featured. * a detailed discussion of how to develop tests for use in research. Aside from the value of this information for any researcher, it can be particularly helpful to students who are required to develop original experiments. * an elaborate discussion of methodological issues in outcome research, using smoking cessation and weight reduction programs as examples. Test bank disks for Experimental Methods in Psychology, -- free to adopters -- consist of an average of six short-answer, 11 fill-in-the-blank, and 11 multiple-choice questions for each chapter. The files are in both ASCII and Word-for-Windows formats. |
| false alarm in psychology: Exposure Therapy for Anxiety Jonathan S. Abramowitz, Brett J. Deacon, Stephen P. H. Whiteside, 2019-04-09 Now revised and expanded to include cutting-edge acceptance-based techniques and a new focus on inhibitory learning, this is the leading guide to therapeutic exposure, a crucial element of evidence-based psychological treatments for anxiety. The book helps the clinician gain skills and confidence for implementing exposure successfully and tailoring interventions to each client's needs, regardless of diagnosis. The theoretical and empirical bases of exposure are reviewed and specialized assessment and treatment planning techniques are described. User-friendly features include illustrative case examples, sample treatment plans, ideas for exercises targeting specific types of fears, and reproducible handouts and forms that can be downloaded and printed in a convenient 8½ x 11 size. New to This Edition *Chapter on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) techniques. *Reflects a shift in the field toward inhibitory learning--helping clients learn to tolerate anxiety and uncertainty to maximize long-term outcomes. *Chapter on uses of technology, such as computer-based therapy and virtual reality tools. *Conceptual, empirical, and clinical advances woven throughout. See also the related client recommendation, The Anxiety and Worry Workbook, Second Edition, by David A. Clark and Aaron T. Beck. |
| false alarm in psychology: Dictionary of Psychology Mike Cardwell, 2014-01-27 Psychology as a subject is notorious for its often confusing use of language, particularly as many words that have one meaning in common everyday language have quite a different meaning when used as specialist terms in psychology. Dictionary of Psychology is an A-Z guide to key terms in the subject. Each entry begins with a clear, one-sentence definition and is followed by explanation and examples. Entries are developed in line with the relative importance of the topic covered. For many of the more central topic areas, further commentary is included to assist the reader in acquiring a critical understanding of the topic in question. Entries are carefully cross-referenced, and the format makes the Dictionary of Psychology very easy to use. |
| false alarm in psychology: Elementary Signal Detection Theory Thomas D. Wickens, 2001-10-11 Signal detection theory, as developed in electrical engineering and based on statistical decision theory, was first applied to human sensory discrimination about 40 years ago. The theory's intent was to explain how humans discriminate and how we might use reliable measures to quantify this ability. An interesting finding of this work is that decisions are involved even in the simplest of discrimination tasks--say, determining whether or not a sound has been heard (a yes-no decision). Detection theory has been applied to a host of varied problems (for example, measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems, survey research, reliability of lie detection tests) and extends far beyond the detection of signals. This book is a primer on signal detection theory, useful for both undergraduates and graduate students. |
| false alarm in psychology: Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology Jeffrey Kreutzer, Bruce Caplan, John DeLuca, 2010-09-29 Clinical neuropsychology is a rapidly evolving specialty whose practitioners serve patients with traumatic brain injury, stroke and other vascular impairments, brain tumors, epilepsy and nonepileptic seizure disorders, developmental disabilities, progressive neurological disorders, HIV- and AIDS-related disorders, and dementia. . Services include evaluation, treatment, and case consultation in child, adult, and the expanding geriatric population in medical and community settings. The clinical goal always is to restore and maximize cognitive and psychological functioning in an injured or compromised brain. Most neuropsychology reference books focus primarily on assessment and diagnosis, and to date none has been encyclopedic in format. Clinicians, patients, and family members recognize that evaluation and diagnosis is only a starting point for the treatment and recovery process. During the past decade there has been a proliferation of programs, both hospital- and clinic-based, that provide rehabilitation, treatment, and treatment planning services. This encyclopedia will serve as a unified, comprehensive reference for professionals involved in the diagnosis, evaluation, and rehabilitation of adult patients and children with neuropsychological disorders. |
| false alarm in psychology: The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Perception Mohan Matthen, 2015 The Oxford Handbook of the Philosophy of Perception is a survey by leading philosophical thinkers of contemporary issues and new thinking in philosophy of perception. It includes sections on the history of the subject, introductions to contemporary issues in the epistemology, ontology and aesthetics of perception, treatments of the individual sense modalities and of the things we perceive by means of them, and a consideration of how perceptual information is integrated and consolidated. New analytic tools and applications to other areas of philosophy are discussed in depth. Each of the forty-five entries is written by a leading expert, some collaborating with younger figures; each seeks to introduce the reader to a broad range of issues. All contain new ideas on the topics covered; together they demonstrate the vigour and innovative zeal of a young field. The book is accessible to anybody who has an intellectual interest in issues concerning perception. |
| false alarm in psychology: False Alarm Ethan Porter, Thomas J. Wood, 2019-09-30 Americans are not invulnerable to factual information. They do not 'backfire'; facts do not make them less accurate. Instead, they become more accurate, even when corrections target co-partisans. Corrections of fake news yield similar results. Among Republicans, Trump's misstatements are less susceptible to corrections than identical misstatements attributed to other Republicans. While we do not observe facts affecting attitudes, multiple instances of misinformation can increase approval of the responsible politician - but corrections can reduce approval by similar amounts. While corrections do not eliminate false beliefs, they reduce the share of inaccurate beliefs among subjects in this study nearly in half. |
| false alarm in psychology: Intelligence Analysis National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences, Committee on Behavioral and Social Science Research to Improve Intelligence Analysis for National Security, 2011-03-08 The U.S. intelligence community (IC) is a complex human enterprise whose success depends on how well the people in it perform their work. Although often aided by sophisticated technologies, these people ultimately rely on their own intellect to identify, synthesize, and communicate the information on which the nation's security depends. The IC's success depends on having trained, motivated, and thoughtful people working within organizations able to understand, value, and coordinate their capabilities. Intelligence Analysis provides up-to-date scientific guidance for the intelligence community (IC) so that it might improve individual and group judgments, communication between analysts, and analytic processes. The papers in this volume provide the detailed evidentiary base for the National Research Council's report, Intelligence Analysis for Tomorrow: Advances from the Behavioral and Social Sciences. The opening chapter focuses on the structure, missions, operations, and characteristics of the IC while the following 12 papers provide in-depth reviews of key topics in three areas: analytic methods, analysts, and organizations. Informed by the IC's unique missions and constraints, each paper documents the latest advancements of the relevant science and is a stand-alone resource for the IC's leadership and workforce. The collection allows readers to focus on one area of interest (analytic methods, analysts, or organizations) or even one particular aspect of a category. As a collection, the volume provides a broad perspective of the issues involved in making difficult decisions, which is at the heart of intelligence analysis. |
| false alarm in psychology: Mind and the Frontal Lobes Brian Levine PhD, Fergus I.M. Craik PhD, 2011-12-19 In the past 25 years, the frontal lobes have dominated human neuroscience research. Functional neuroimaging studies have revealed their importance to brain networks involved in nearly every aspect of mental and cognitive functioning. Studies of patients with focal brain lesions have expanded on early case study evidence of behavioral, emotional, and cognitive changes associated with frontal lobe brain damage. The role of frontal lobe function and dysfunction in human development (in both children and older adults), psychiatric disorders, the dementias, and other brain diseases has also received rapidly increasing attention. In this useful text, 14 leading frontal lobe researchers review and synthesize the current state of knowledge on frontal lobe function, including structural and functional brain imaging, brain network analysis, aging and dementia, traumatic brain injury, rehabilitation, attention, memory, and consciousness. The book therefore provides a state-of-the-art account of research in this exciting area, and also highlights a number of new findings by some of the world's top researchers. |
| false alarm in psychology: The Psychology of Eyewitness Identification James Michael Lampinen, Jeffrey S. Neuschatz, Andrew D. Cling, 2012-04-27 This volume provides a tutorial review and evaluation of scientific research on the accuracy and reliability of eyewitness identification. The book starts with the perspective that there are a variety of conceptual and empirical problems with eyewitness identification as a form of forensic evidence, just as there are a variety of problems with other forms of forensic evidence. There is then an examination of the important results in the study of eyewitness memory and the implications of this research for psychological theory and for social and legal policy. The volume takes the perspective that research on eyewitness identification can be seen as the paradigmatic example of how psychological science can be successfully applied to real-world problems. |
| false alarm in psychology: Something Bad Happened Dawn Huebner, 2019-09-19 When children learn about something big and bad - even when they hear only bits and pieces - their brains get busy trying to make sense of it. Where did it happen? Why did it happen? And especially, will it happen again? Something Bad Happened guides children ages 6 to 12 and the adults who care about them through tough conversations about national and international tragedies. The non-specific term bad thing is used throughout, keeping this a flexible tool, and so children are never inadvertently exposed to events their parents have chosen not to share. Fear, sadness and uncertainty about the bad thing all are normalized, and immediately usable coping tools provided. For children and parents to read together, this one-of-a-kind resource by child psychologist and best-selling author Dawn Huebner provides comfort, support and next steps for children learning about troubling world events. |
| false alarm in psychology: The Psychology of Vigilance David Roy Davies, R. Parasuraman, 1982 |
| false alarm in psychology: Improving Diagnosis in Health Care National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Diagnostic Error in Health Care, 2015-12-29 Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety. |
| false alarm in psychology: Corona, False Alarm? Karina Reiss, Sucharit Bhakdi, 2020-09-16 Does the race for vaccine development make sense? What are the chances of success? Will the vaccine be safe? Will people accept it?? In June 2020, Corona, False Alarm? exploded into the German market, selling 200,000 copies and 75,000 e-books in the first six weeks. No other topic dominates our attention as much as coronavirus and COVID-19, the infectious disease it triggers. There’s been a global deluge of contradictory opinions, fake news, and politically controlled information. Differing views on the dangers posed by the pandemic have led to deep division and confusion, within governments, society, and even among friends and family. In Corona, False Alarm?, award-winning researchers Dr. Sucharit Bhakdi and Dr. Karina Reiss give clarity to these confusing and stressful times. They offer analysis of whether radical protective measures—including lockdown, social distancing, and mandatory masking—have been justified, and what the ramifications have been for society, the economy, and public health. Dr. Bhakdi and Dr. Reiss provide dates, facts, and background information, including: How Covid-19 compares with previous coronaviruses and the flu virus What infection numbers and the death rate really tell us The challenges around lockdown: Were the protective measures justified? Mandatory mask-wearing: Does the science support it? Vaccines: What are the chances of success? What are the risks? Corona, False Alarm? provides you with sound information and substantiated facts—and encourages you to form your own opinion on the corona crisis. |
| false alarm in psychology: Advances in Clinical Child Psychology Thomas H. Ollendick, Ronald J. Prinz, 2013-06-29 This nineteenth volume of Advances in Clinical Child Psychology continues our tradition of examining a broad range of topics and issues that charac terizes the continually evolving field of clinical child psychology. Over the years, the series has served to identify important, exciting, and timely new developments in the field and to provide scholarly and in-depth reviews of current thought and practices. The present volume is no exception. In the opening chapter, Sue Campbell explores developmental path ways associated with serious behavior problems in preschool children. Specifically, she notes that about half of preschool children identified with aggression and problems of impulse control persist in their deviance across development. The other half do not. What accounts for these differ ent developmental outcomes? Campbell invokes developmental and fam ily influences as possible sources of these differential outcomes and, in doing so, describes aspects of her own programmatic research program that has greatly enriched our understanding of this complex topic. In a similar vein, Sara Mattis and Tom Ollendick undertake a develop mental analysis of panic in children and adolescents in Chapter 2. In recent years, separation anxiety and/ or experiences in separation from attach ment figures in childhood have been hypothesized as playing a critical role in the development of panic. This chapter presents relevant findings in the areas of childhood temperament and attachment, in addition to experi ences of separation, that might predispose a child to development of panic. |
| false alarm in psychology: Handbook of Police Psychology Jack Kitaeff, 2011-03-17 The Handbook of Police Psychology represents the contributions of over thirty police psychologists, all experts in their field, on the core subject matters of police psychology. Police psychology is broadly defined as the application of psychological principles and methods to law enforcement. This growing area includes topics such as screening and hiring of police officers; conducting screening for special squads (e.g., SWAT); fitness-for-duty evaluations; investigations, hostage negotiations; training and consultation, and stress counseling, among others. The book examines the beginnings of police psychology and early influences on the profession such as experimental investigations of psychological testing on police attitude and performance. Influential figures in the field of police psychology are discussed, including the nation’s first full-time police psychologist who served on the Los Angeles Police Department, and the first full-time police officer to earn a doctorate in psychology while still in uniform with the New York Police Department. |
| false alarm in psychology: Psychophysiology of the Frontal Lobes K. H. Pribram, A. R. Luria, 2013-10-22 Psychophysiology of the Frontal Lobes covers the frontal lobe function. The book discusses the modern concepts relating to the problem of the frontal lobes; the effect of frontal lesions on the electrical activity of the brain of human; and the nature of the electrical activity of the frontal cortex in human. The text then describes the nature of electrical activity in the frontal cortex of nonhuman primates; the relationship between frontal cortex and subcortical brain function; as well as experimentally based models of frontal lobe function. Psychologists, psychiatrists, and neurologists will find the book invaluable. |
| false alarm in psychology: Expert Political Judgment Philip E. Tetlock, 2017-08-29 Since its original publication, Expert Political Judgment by New York Times bestselling author Philip Tetlock has established itself as a contemporary classic in the literature on evaluating expert opinion. Tetlock first discusses arguments about whether the world is too complex for people to find the tools to understand political phenomena, let alone predict the future. He evaluates predictions from experts in different fields, comparing them to predictions by well-informed laity or those based on simple extrapolation from current trends. He goes on to analyze which styles of thinking are more successful in forecasting. Classifying thinking styles using Isaiah Berlin's prototypes of the fox and the hedgehog, Tetlock contends that the fox--the thinker who knows many little things, draws from an eclectic array of traditions, and is better able to improvise in response to changing events--is more successful in predicting the future than the hedgehog, who knows one big thing, toils devotedly within one tradition, and imposes formulaic solutions on ill-defined problems. He notes a perversely inverse relationship between the best scientific indicators of good judgement and the qualities that the media most prizes in pundits--the single-minded determination required to prevail in ideological combat. Clearly written and impeccably researched, the book fills a huge void in the literature on evaluating expert opinion. It will appeal across many academic disciplines as well as to corporations seeking to develop standards for judging expert decision-making. Now with a new preface in which Tetlock discusses the latest research in the field, the book explores what constitutes good judgment in predicting future events and looks at why experts are often wrong in their forecasts. |
| false alarm in psychology: The Psychology of Learning and Motivation , 2007-10-03 The view of memory use as skilled performance embraces the interactive nature of memory and higher order cognition. In considering the contexts in which memory is used, this book helps to answer such questions as: - If asked where I live, how do I decide on a street address or city name? - What influences my selection in a criminal lineup besides actual memory of the perpetrator? - Why do expert golfers better remember courses they've played than amateur golfers? Chapters in this volume discuss strategies people use in responding to memory queries- whether and how to access memory and how to translate retrieved products into responses. Coverage includes memory for ongoing events and memory for prospective events-how we remember to do future intended actions. Individual differences in memory skill is explored across people and situations, with special consideration given to the elderly population and how strategies at encoding and retrieval can offset what would otherwise be declining memory. - An intergrative view of memory, metamemory, judgment and decision-making, and individual differences - Relevant to both applied concerns and basic research - Articles written by expert contributors |
FALSE Synonyms: 318 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
Some common synonyms of false are disloyal, faithless, perfidious, traitorous, and treacherous. While all these words mean "untrue to what should command one's fidelity or allegiance," false …
FALSE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
You use false to describe objects which are artificial but which are intended to look like the real thing or to be used instead of the real thing.
False - definition of false by The Free Dictionary
false - not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality; "gave false testimony under oath"; "false tales of bravery"
false - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
2 days ago · false (comparative more false, superlative most false) In a dishonest and disloyal way; falsely. 1610–1611 (date written) , William Shakespeare , “ The Tempest ”, in Mr. William …
FALSE | definition in the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary
FALSE meaning: 1. not true or correct: 2. not real, but made to look or seem real: 3. not sincere or expressing…. Learn more.
false - definition and meaning - Wordnik
Not in conformity with fact; expressing or comprising what is contrary to fact or truth; erroneous; untrue: as, a false report; a false accusation; a false opinion. Giving utterance to what is not …
false - WordReference.com Dictionary of English
based on mistaken, erroneous, or inconsistent impressions, ideas, or facts: false pride. used as a substitute or supplement, esp. temporarily: false supports for a bridge. Biology having a …
FALSE Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
False definition: not true or correct; erroneous.. See examples of FALSE used in a sentence.
false adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of false adjective from the Oxford Advanced American Dictionary. wrong; not correct or true A whale is a fish. True or false? Predictions of an early improvement in the housing …
False Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
FALSE meaning: 1 : not real or genuine used to say that something is not really what it seems to be; 2 : not true or accurate
FALSE Synonyms: 318 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
Some common synonyms of false are disloyal, faithless, perfidious, traitorous, and treacherous. While all these words mean "untrue to what should command one's fidelity or allegiance," false …
FALSE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
You use false to describe objects which are artificial but which are intended to look like the real thing or to be used instead of the real thing.
False - definition of false by The Free Dictionary
false - not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality; "gave false testimony under oath"; "false tales of bravery"
false - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
2 days ago · false (comparative more false, superlative most false) In a dishonest and disloyal way; falsely. 1610–1611 (date written) , William Shakespeare , “ The Tempest ”, in Mr. William …
FALSE | definition in the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary
FALSE meaning: 1. not true or correct: 2. not real, but made to look or seem real: 3. not sincere or expressing…. Learn more.
false - definition and meaning - Wordnik
Not in conformity with fact; expressing or comprising what is contrary to fact or truth; erroneous; untrue: as, a false report; a false accusation; a false opinion. Giving utterance to what is not …
false - WordReference.com Dictionary of English
based on mistaken, erroneous, or inconsistent impressions, ideas, or facts: false pride. used as a substitute or supplement, esp. temporarily: false supports for a bridge. Biology having a …
FALSE Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
False definition: not true or correct; erroneous.. See examples of FALSE used in a sentence.
false adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of false adjective from the Oxford Advanced American Dictionary. wrong; not correct or true A whale is a fish. True or false? Predictions of an early improvement in the housing …
False Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
FALSE meaning: 1 : not real or genuine used to say that something is not really what it seems to be; 2 : not true or accurate
