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| education system in portugal: Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19 Fernando M. Reimers, 2021-09-14 This open access edited volume is a comparative effort to discern the short-term educational impact of the covid-19 pandemic on students, teachers and systems in Brazil, Chile, Finland, Japan, Mexico, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, Spain, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. One of the first academic comparative studies of the educational impact of the pandemic, the book explains how the interruption of in person instruction and the variable efficacy of alternative forms of education caused learning loss and disengagement with learning, especially for disadvantaged students. Other direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic diminished the ability of families to support children and youth in their education. For students, as well as for teachers and school staff, these included the economic shocks experienced by families, in some cases leading to food insecurity and in many more causing stress and anxiety and impacting mental health. Opportunity to learn was also diminished by the shocks and trauma experienced by those with a close relative infected by the virus, and by the constrains on learning resulting from students having to learn at home, where the demands of schoolwork had to be negotiated with other family necessities, often sharing limited space. Furthermore, the prolonged stress caused by the uncertainty over the resolution of the pandemic and resulting from the knowledge that anyone could be infected and potentially lose their lives, created a traumatic context for many that undermined the necessary focus and dedication to schoolwork. These individual effects were reinforced by community effects, particularly for students and teachers living in communities where the multifaceted negative impacts resulting from the pandemic were pervasive. This is an open access book. |
| education system in portugal: Audacious Education Purposes Fernando M Reimers, 2020-10-09 This open access book offers a comparative study of eight ambitious national reforms that sought to create opportunities for students to gain the necessary breath of skills to thrive in a rapidly changing world. It examines how national governments transform education systems to provide students opportunities to develop such skills. It analyses comprehensive education reforms in Brazil, Finland, Japan, Mexico, Peru, Poland, Portugal and Russia and yields original and important insights on the process of educational change. The analysis of these 21st century skills reforms shows that reformers followed approaches which are based on the five perspectives: cultural, psychological, professional, institutional and political. Most reforms relied on institutional and political perspectives. They highlight the systemic nature of the process of educational change, and the need for alignment and coherence among the various elements of the system in order. They underscore the importance of addressing the interests of various stakeholders of the education system in obtaining the necessary impetus to initiate and sustain change. In contrast, as the book shows, the use of a cultural and psychological frame proved rarer, missing important opportunities to draw on systematic analysis of emerging demands for schools and on cognitive science to inform the changes in the organization of instruction. Drawing on a rich array of sources and evidence the book provides a careful account of how education reform works in practice. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors. |
| education system in portugal: OECD Reviews of Evaluation and Assessment in Education: Portugal 2012 Santiago Paulo, Donaldson Graham, Looney Anne, Nusche Deborah, 2012-04-10 This book provides, from an international perspective, an independent analysis of major issues facing the educational evaluation and assessment framework, current policy initiatives, and possible future approaches in Portugal. |
| education system in portugal: Improving a Country's Education Nuno Crato, 2021-03-07 1. 18 Years of PISA Results - 66 Years of International Testing.- 2. PISA Australia - Excellence and Equity?- 3. Chile.- 4. Estonia.- 5. SuccessThrough Equity - The Finish Way in Education. 6. Polish Education Reforms and Evidence from International Assesments.- 7. The PISA Effect on Protugal's Education.- 8. The Evidence Provided by International Large-scale Assessments about the Spanish Education System: Why Nobody Listens Despite all the Noise? |
| education system in portugal: Higher Education in Portugal 1974-2009 Guy Neave, Alberto Amaral, 2011-12-21 A comprehensive, wide ranging and detailed account of the unfolding of higher education and higher education policy in Portugal from 1974 to 2009 by leading policy-makers and scholars, with the explicit purpose of showing how different disciplinary canons and perspectives contribute to the study of higher education and higher education policy including Law and Science Policy perspectives. Whilst focusing on one referential system, this book deals with current policy issues emerging in the wake of the post Bologna period. It also examines their long term historical origins in addition to the measures taken to address them. The substantive chapters are preceded by a detailed Introductory overview that places the issues treated in this volume in a solidly European perspective and sets out explicitly the differences in the dominant political, cultural and social values that set Portuguese as other Continental European systems of higher education apart from their Anglo Saxon counterparts. |
| education system in portugal: Introduction to Portugal Gilad James, PhD, Portugal is a country located in the southwestern region of Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. It is bordered by Spain to the north and east and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south. Portugal has a rich history dating back to the Roman Empire and has since seen influences from various civilizations including the Visigoths, Moors, and Celts. It is known for its stunning beaches, historic castles and cities, and its famous wine production, most notably port wine. The Portuguese language, which is spoken by over 230 million people worldwide, is the official language of Portugal. The population of Portugal is approximately 10 million people, with the majority living in urban areas such as Lisbon, Porto, and Braga. Portugal is a member of the European Union and has a diversified economy, with a strong focus on tourism, manufacturing, and service sectors. The country has a high standard of living, ranking as the 43rd most livable country in the world. Its cultural heritage and natural beauty attract millions of visitors every year, making tourism a significant contributor to the economy. Portugal has also been recognized for its commitment to renewable energy, with over half of its energy coming from sustainable sources. The country's past contributions to sea exploration and trade have also left a lasting impact on global history, with the Portuguese Empire once spanning across multiple continents. |
| education system in portugal: Higher Education Resourcing Higher Education in Portugal OECD, 2022-12-19 The report on Resourcing Higher Education in Portugal is part of a series of publications produced by the OECD's Resourcing Higher Education Project. The review of resourcing in Portugal focuses on options for reform of the core public funding model for higher education institutions in Portugal, the strategic steering and funding of the future development of the public higher education system and the resourcing of policies to support widened access to higher education. |
| education system in portugal: Europe at School Norman Newcombe, 2018-05-08 Originally published in 1977. This is a lively account of the day-to-day running of European schools based in five countries - France, West Germany, Italy, Spain and Portugal. It outlines the organisation of education in these countries, and examines aspects of curriculum, teaching methods, examinations, attitudes of teachers and pupils, buildings, equipment, out-of-school activities, pastoral care, discipline and rules and depicts what it is like to be a pupil or teacher in a European school. The schools discussed are mainly primary and lower secondary grades - the basic compulsory education of each country. Details of working hours, programmes and curricula which are, notably, often government controlled, are given in Appendices. But the author stresses that his aim throughout has been to show how individual schools work and adopt these rules to their own situation. He discusses the relative advantages and drawbacks of different educational systems, and draws his own conclusions about the favourable impressions he gained from many schools and the Awful Warning he saw in a few. This survey throws as much light on schools at home as on those in Europe and suggests that we have a good deal to learn from our neighbours. |
| education system in portugal: A Guide for ensuring inclusion and equity in education UNESCO, 2017-06-05 |
| education system in portugal: Monitoring Student Achievement in the 21st Century Heidi Harju-Luukkainen, Nele McElvany, Justine Stang, 2020-04-01 This book draws together leading student assessment academics from across Europe exploring student monitoring policies and practices in a range of countries across 22 chapters. The chapters in the first part offer a broad overview on student assessment covering history and current status, aims and approaches as well as methodological challenges of international student assessment. The second part presents country specific chapters provide an in depth look examining country specific policy and practices and findings of national and/or international assessments. Findings are critically discussed and recommendations are made for further development of each country's assessment context. The book shows similarities and differences within the educational assessment landscape as well as complexity and similarities in assessment policy documents and strategies, Given the globalized world we live in today, this book fills a need in the higher educational context and is intended for for policy makers in different countries as well. |
| education system in portugal: Education at a Glance , 1997-01-01 The OECD education indicators enable countries to see themselves in light of other countries performance. They reflect on both the human and financial resources invested in education and on the returns of these investments. |
| education system in portugal: Reviews of National Policies for Education Review of Inclusive Education in Portugal OECD, 2022-03-23 The Review of Inclusive Education in Portugal provides, from an international perspective, an independent analysis of major issues regarding diversity, equity and inclusion in education in Portugal, current policy initiatives, and possible future approaches. |
| education system in portugal: Portugal International Monetary Fund, 1999-12-10 This Selected Issues paper examines the education system and public investment in Portugal. Both areas are generally considered as critical for Portugal’s prospects for sustaining or accelerating the drive toward real income convergence. Moreover, both areas absorb a substantial share of public resources and thus have important implications for fiscal balances, which are, under European Monetary Union, constrained by the Stability and Growth Pact. The paper assesses the performance of the Portuguese education system and delineates a possible agenda for reform. It also attempts to shed light on the role of public investment in Portugal. |
| education system in portugal: OECD Reviews of School Resources: Portugal 2018 Liebowitz David, González Pablo, Hooge Edith, Lima Gonçalo, 2018-12-06 This country review offers an independent analysis of major issues facing the use of school resources in Portugal from an international perspective. It provides a description of national policies, an analysis of strengths and challenges and options for possible future approaches. |
| education system in portugal: Modernising Secondary School Buildings in Portugal Blyth Alastair, Almeida Rodolfo, Forrester David, Gorey Ann, Hostens Gaby, 2012-04-19 This report is a review of the Portuguese Secondary School Building Modernisation Programme (SMP), a major programme to rehabilitate the secondary schools in Portugal. Its recommendations offer lessons to all governments investing in educational infrastructure to improve the quality of education. |
| education system in portugal: OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 2006 OECD, 2006-05-25 This edition of OECD's periodic survey of Portugal's economy examines key economic challenges including putting public finances on a sustainable path, improving the performance of the education system, and creating a more dynamic business environment. |
| education system in portugal: The Education Systems of Europe Wolfgang Hörner, Hans Döbert, Botho von Kopp, Wolfgang Mitter, 2007-05-03 This unique handbook offers an analytical review of the education systems of all European countries, following common analytical guidelines, and highlighting the paradox that education simultaneously pursues a universal value as well as a national character. Coverage includes international student performance studies, and a comparison of education dynamics in Eastern new Europe with older western EU members. The book provides a differentiated analytical data base, and offers suggestions for further research. |
| education system in portugal: OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 2017 OECD, 2017-02-06 This 2017 OECD Economic Survey of Portugal examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. The special chapters cover raising investment and raising skills. |
| education system in portugal: European Portugal J. Magone, 1996-12-13 This book analyses the Europeanization of the Portuguese political system in the context of globalization and the so-called Third Wave of Democratization. It pursues the thesis that democratization and Europeanization are two intertwined processes in the case of Portugal. Integration into the European Union has changed considerably the rationalities within the political structures of the Portuguese political system. Furthermore, the author stresses the necessity to encourage greater political participation of the population and to evolve towards a project of sustainable democracy. |
| education system in portugal: Secondary Education in Portugal Moria Emilia Galvão, Council of Europe. Council for Cultural Co-operation, 1998-01-01 The series entitled Guide to secondary education in Europe is developed as part of the project A secondary education in Europe. The aim of this series is to give the public not only systematic & coherent information on the educational systems & traditions in all signatory states to the European Cultural Convention, but also to outline the essential problems these systems are facing at the present time. |
| education system in portugal: Living In Portugal Xena Mindhurst, 2024-10-08 Living in Portugal offers a comprehensive guide for those dreaming of relocating to this sun-soaked European paradise. The book explores three main topics: the practicalities of moving, navigating legal systems, and embracing Portuguese culture. It provides a roadmap for expatriates, digital nomads, and retirees seeking a higher quality of life in one of Europe's most affordable and charming countries. The book takes readers on a journey through Portugal's diverse regions, from bustling cities to serene beaches, while delving into the nitty-gritty of relocation. It covers essential aspects such as visa requirements, healthcare systems, and property acquisition. What sets this guide apart is its holistic approach, emphasizing cultural integration and personal growth alongside practical advice. The book draws on a wide range of sources, including interviews with long-term expatriates and expert opinions, to provide a well-rounded perspective on life in Portugal. As the narrative progresses, readers gain insights into Portuguese history, customs, and daily life. The book addresses ongoing debates about the impact of expatriate communities while encouraging readers to view their potential move as an opportunity for self-discovery. With its conversational yet informative style, Living in Portugal equips readers with the knowledge and inspiration to turn their dream of a Portuguese lifestyle into reality. |
| education system in portugal: OECD Review of Higher Education, Research and Innovation: Portugal OECD, 2019-02-21 Portugal aims to develop a more innovative, inclusive and productive economy, and to ensure that the ensuing benefits are widely distributed, regionally and socially. This report assesses the extent to which Portugal’s higher education, research and innovation system is well configured to help ... |
| education system in portugal: A Guide to Relocating to Portugal William Jones, 2023-07-24 Embark on a transformative journey with A Guide to Relocating to Portugal, a comprehensive and insightful companion for those seeking to make Portugal their new home. Whether you dream of wandering through historic cobblestone streets, savoring delectable pastries, or basking in the Mediterranean sun, this guide is your key to unlocking the door to a vibrant and enriching expatriate experience. Discover the Essence of Portugal: Begin your exploration by delving into the heart of Portugal. Uncover the magic of Lisbon's Fado-filled nights, wander through the medieval alleys of Porto, and immerse yourself in the sun-kissed beaches of the Algarve. This guide is not just a roadmap; it's an invitation to discover the diverse landscapes, rich cultural tapestry, and the warm embrace of Portuguese hospitality. Navigate Legalities and Documentation: Ease into the practicalities of relocation with a detailed exploration of legal requirements and documentation. From residency visas to understanding local laws, this guide provides invaluable insights to ensure a smooth transition into the bureaucratic landscape of your new home. Finding Your Home Sweet Home: Embark on a quest to find the perfect abode. Whether you're drawn to the historic charm of Lisbon's neighborhoods or the tranquility of the Douro Valley, this guide equips you with the tools to navigate the real estate market, secure utilities, and turn a house into a home. Employment, Entrepreneurship, and Education: Navigate the professional landscape of Portugal, whether you're seeking employment or considering entrepreneurship. Uncover opportunities, understand employment contracts, and explore the educational system for your children. This chapter serves as your compass for forging a meaningful and prosperous life in Portugal. Daily Life Essentials: From local transportation tips to mastering the art of grocery shopping, this chapter ensures that the rhythm of daily life in Portugal becomes second nature. Discover the nuances of Portuguese culture, cuisine, and the essentials that transform your everyday experience into a tapestry of memorable moments. Embracing the Lifestyle: Immerse yourself in the cultural vibrancy that defines Portugal. Attend festivals, embrace local traditions, and engage with communities that make every day an opportunity for connection and celebration. This chapter invites you to dance to the rhythm of Portugal's soul and become a part of the vibrant tapestry that is everyday life. Financial Planning and Integration: Navigate the financial landscape with insights into budgeting, local banking, and investment options. This chapter also guides you through the process of cultural integration, from language basics to forming connections that go beyond mere acquaintances. Networking and Social Connections: Build lasting relationships within the expatriate community and with locals. From professional networking to social events, discover the art of connecting in a way that transcends geographical boundaries. Traveling in Portugal: Unveil the treasures of Portugal beyond your chosen city. From the enchanting beauty of Sintra to the scenic trails of the Douro Valley, this chapter is your passport to exploring the diverse landscapes that make Portugal a traveler's paradise. A Tapestry of Memories: The Epilogue: As your journey unfolds, the epilogue reflects on the experiences woven into the fabric of your life in Portugal. From the moments of discovery to the symphony of adaptation, this final chapter serves as a poignant reminder of the profound impact Portugal has on your narrative. A Comprehensive Appendix: Refer to the appendix for a wealth of resources, including embassy contacts, emergency services, language learning tools, and much more. This valuable section ensures you have a reliable companion for ongoing reference. Embark on this adventure armed with knowledge, inspiration, and the practical wisdom needed to make Portugal not just a destination but a cherished home. A Guide to Relocating to Portugal is your key to unlocking the doors to a new life filled with warmth, exploration, and the promise of endless possibilities. Boas viagens! (Safe travels!) |
| education system in portugal: The Presence of China and the Chinese Diaspora in Portugal and Portuguese-Speaking Territories , 2021-09-06 This book brings together works by specialists from various areas of the social sciences to reflect on the presence of China in Portugal and in Portuguese-speaking territories. From the first Chinese coolies that migrated to the former Portuguese colonies more than 100 years ago, to the current investments along the Belt and Road Initiative, we take the pulse of this historic, social, political and economic presence and flows, that continues to renew and reinvent itself in the face of the challenges of contemporaneity. |
| education system in portugal: OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 2010 OECD, 2010-09-27 The 2010 edition of OECD's periodic survey of the Portuguese economy. This edition includes chapters covering rebalancing the economy towards growth, moving towards a more efficient tax system and restoring productivity growth. |
| education system in portugal: OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 2008 OECD, 2008-06-25 OECD's periodic review of the Portuguese economy. This 2008 edition focuses on several key challenges including securing fiscal consolidation, maximising the gains from integration into the world economy, and improving the functioning of the labour ... |
| education system in portugal: Intercultural Studies in Higher Education Ana Maria de Albuquerque Moreira, Jean-Jacques Paul, Nigel Bagnall, 2019-08-14 This book explores the study of policies and practices in Higher Education by comparing systems, institutions, programs, innovations, results and cultures. In a rapidly changing global and international marketplace, the growth of higher education has occurred within distinct cultural contexts, meaning that change is reflected within local, regional, national and global perspectives. Using a single data methodology across countries and continents, the editors and contributors explore higher education reforms between global and local dimensions, the expansion of access and democratisation, and relevant aspects in the organisation and management of higher education. In doing so, this book arrives at an understanding of higher education at a truly intercultural level, which can lead to a deeper and more holistic understanding of policies and practices in higher education. This innovative book will be of interest and value to students and scholars of higher education across the world as well as the study of interculturality. |
| education system in portugal: Institutional Context of Education Systems in Europe R.H. Hofman, W.H.A. Hofman, J.M. Gray, P. Daly, 2006-01-16 Based on empirical analysis using configuration theory and multi-dimensional scaling, this book provides insight into types of relationships that can be found between groups of countries with certain institutional context features, and into the quality and equity of their education system. In this volume, the authors take up the challenge of considering what a European ‘settlement’ might look like. In doing so, they take into account worldwide trends and the increasing evidence of convergence across educational systems. The outcomes of comparative analyses seem to suggest that strong education systems in terms of finance, governance and choice could be preferable. To a greater or lesser extent, therefore, all the systems of education currently in use in Europe face some common challenges. The way in which these challenges are addressed will determine the future of these systems. Key elements in the current debate that are considered in greater detail in this volume include changing views on (a) centre-local relations with signs of an increasing commitment to decentralisation as a guiding principle for developing school governance; (b) school autonomy which is now increasingly regarded as the engine-room for school improvement, especially in relation to sustaining it; and (c) the celebration of community and school choice as a means of securing higher levels of parental involvement. This volume will be of interest to researchers and practitioners working in education, educational research and sociology of education. It will also be of relevance to those interested in the comparison of various education systems and in governance, funding of education and school choice. |
| education system in portugal: OECD Skills Studies OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Portugal 2015 OECD, 2015-04-01 Skills are central to Portugal’s future prosperity and the well-being of its people. The OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Portugal identifies 12 skills challenges for Portugal. The first nine challenges refer to specific outcomes across the three pillars of developing, activating and ... |
| education system in portugal: Parental Involvement Across European Education Systems Angelika Paseka, Delma Byrne, 2019-10-08 This book addresses central questions regarding parental involvement across European educational systems; exploring the commonalities and differences across European countries and the extent to which current policy and practice pertaining to parental involvement is inclusive of diversity. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach that draws from the fields of education, sociology and psychology, it presents a description of the policy context and empirical research on critical perspectives relating to parental involvement. Comprising a rich varied cross-section of national experiences from eleven European countries and the contexts surrounding them, case studies provide insights into parental involvement across Europe and identify challenges in the field. This volume’s in-depth approach and comprehensive interrogation of parental involvement across European education systems make it an ideal resource for parents, teachers and academics, researchers and post-graduate students in the fields of education policy and comparative education, as well as teacher educators and policy makers. |
| education system in portugal: The Praeger International Handbook of Special Education Michael L. Wehmeyer, James R. Patton, 2017-06-15 This handbook provides a concise overview of special education services in countries across the world, using the Article on Education in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities as the analytical frame. The Praeger International Handbook of Special Education presents a concise and clear overview of special education services in more than 70 countries across the world using the Article on Education in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with disabilities as the analytical frame. Each chapter offers information about the country in general, followed by sections on the public education system, the private education system, the special education system, teacher training requirements, and barriers to and promising trends in inclusive and special education. The volumes and chapters are organized by the United Nations Geoscheme, with Volume 1 including an overview of the volumes and chapters on countries in the Americas, Volume 2 addressing countries from Europe and Africa, and Volume 3 focusing on countries in Asia and Oceania. This is the most complete exploration of the delivery of supports and services to children and youth with disabilities across the globe available. The volumes do not compare among or between countries, but rather provide a baseline for understanding current special education practices and their relationship with general education and inclusive practices across the globe. Readers will come away with an in-depth understanding of what is happening with regard to the implementation of special education services and Article 24 of the Convention for the Rights of People with Disabilities. This valuable reference set serves researchers, graduate students, and policymakers in special and general education as well as professionals focused on issues of education worldwide and scholars focused on international special education. As such, this handbook will be an important reference source for university libraries, professional associations, and policy entities. |
| education system in portugal: Historical Dictionary of Portugal Douglas L. Wheeler, Walter C. Opello, Jr., 2010-05-10 The third edition of Historical Dictionary of Portugal greatly expands on the second edition through a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on important persons, places, events, and institutions, as well as on significant political, economic, social, and cultural aspects. |
| education system in portugal: Globalization and Change in Higher Education Beverly Barrett, 2017-10-07 This book sets out political economy explanations for higher education policy reform in Europe in the initial decades of the 21st century. With a sustained focus on the national level of policy implementation, institutional change is considered in relationship to broader trends in economic development and globalization. Since the concept of a “Europe of Knowledge” was presented by the European Commission in 1997, the pursuit of global competitiveness sets the context for the international initiative of the Bologna Process that has created the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). Growing from 29 to 48 participating countries, there are three core explanations for change in the policy process: globalization (economic), intergovernmentalism (political), and Europeanization (social). As part of multi-method research analysis, this book presents qualitative case studies on Portugal and Spain to consider points of comparison, including national governance history and modernization of higher education institutions. The structure of government in these countries affects the policy reforms. Ultimately, the Bologna Process serves as a model for integration of higher education reform in other world regions. This book is essential reading for students, researchers, and policy makers in the fields of education, economics, and public policy. |
| education system in portugal: Vocational Education and Training in Portugal Eduardo Marçal Grilo, European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training, 1996 This document describes the vocational education and training system in Portugal, beginning in chapter 1 with the administrative, demographic, and economic background in which the training system exists. Chapter 2 provides a brief historical review of the development of the training systems; arrangements for initial training; and arrangements for continuing training, teacher training, and adult training. Chapter 3 indicates where responsibilities for administering the system are located, including the influence of the social partners, and presents information on the financing system. Chapter 4 provides an indication of present trends and developments, including how far the system has been, or would be, influenced by European Community considerations, such as the following: creation of the single European market, mutual recognition of qualifications, the intervention of the Structural Funds, and the Community's education and training programs. Appendixes contain 23 references and the following: list of acronyms and abbreviated titles; major organizations involved in providing or regulating vocational training; and glossary. (YLB) |
| education system in portugal: The Business Year: Portugal 2023 , Portugal has turned things around superbly since the 2010s and is today leveraging EU funds and its strong appeal to foreign investors, especially in real estate, to build a more sustainable economy. The inflow of foreign capital shaped the Portuguese economy over 2023. The main benefactors were hospitality, real estate, and education. The US ranked as the number one country by investment volume for the first time. It is in this context that The Business Year began its research for this 150-page publication, meeting dozens of the country’s top business leaders across every major sector of the economy. |
| education system in portugal: Architectural Regeneration Aylin Orbasli, Marcel Vellinga, 2020-08-03 A comprehensive and detailed overview of the active regeneration, rehabilitation and revitalisation of architectural heritage. The combined processes of globalisation, urbanisation, environmental change, population growth and rapid technological development have resulted in an increasingly complex, dynamic and interrelated world, in which concerns about the meaning of cultural heritage and identity continue to grow. As the need for culturally and environmentally sustainable design grows, the challenge for professionals involved in the management of inherited built environments is to respond to this ever-changing context in a critical, dynamic and creative way. Our knowledge and understanding of the principles, approaches and methods to sustainably adapt existing buildings and places is rapidly expanding. Architectural Regeneration contributes to this knowledge-base through a holistic approach that links policy with practice and establishes a theoretical framework within which to understand architectural regeneration. It includes extensive case studies of the regeneration, rehabilitation and revitalisation of architectural heritage from around the world. Different scales and contexts of architectural regeneration are discussed, including urban, suburban, rural and temporary. At a time when regeneration policy has shifted to the recognition that ‘heritage matters’ and that the historic environment and creative industries are a vital driver of regeneration, an increasing workload of architectural practices concerns the refurbishment, adaptive re-use or extension of existing buildings. As a result, this book is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students of architecture, historic conservation, urban and environmental design, sustainability, and urban regeneration, as well as for practitioners and decision makers working in those fields. |
| education system in portugal: Internationalization and the Academic Profession Alper Çalıkoğlu, Glen A. Jones, Yangson Kim, 2023-04-04 This book makes a major contribution to the scholarship on internationalization in higher education by focusing on the perceptions and experiences of the academic profession in a comparative perspective. Drawing from data collected by the Academic Professions in the Knowledge-based Society (APIKS) project, the contributors to this volume are uniquely positioned to explore the impact and implications of internationalization on those who play the central role in the teaching and research functions of higher education: the professoriate. The core chapters address issues such as the roles of gender, discipline, and career stage in the international activities of academics in different countries, national differences in the perceptions and behaviors of university faculty in the internationalization of teaching, and of research within higher education systems on the perceptions and behaviors of academics. Each of these chapters draw on the existing research literature in these thematic areas as a foundation for the systematic analysis of the international APIKS dataset to illuminate and discuss key findings. This book offers a highly original and unique contribution to the study of internationalization in higher education because its editors and contributors, as participants in the APIKS project, have been able to raise and address key research questions using comparative international empirical data on the academic profession that has never before been available. Given the tremendous importance of internationalization and the global dimension of higher education, this volume offers unique, distinctive insights on the implications of internationalization for the academic profession and the very different ways in which these transformations are understood by academics both within and between systems. |
| education system in portugal: The Efficiency of Education Expenditure in Portugal Mr.Benedict J. Clements, 1999-12-01 This paper assesses the efficiency of education expenditure in Portugal and delineates a possible agenda for reform. Portugal’s low educational performance has coincided with the highest level of primary and secondary education expenditure to GDP in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), suggesting considerable inefficiency. Empirical results from the application of a nonparametric technique for production frontier estimation (Free Disposable Hull analysis) support this view. Among the reforms that could be considered to raise educational efficiency are the adoption of a goal-oriented management and incentive system; establishment of minimum student/teacher ratios; and an easing of employment and work rules governing public school teachers. |
| education system in portugal: Southern Europe in the Mediterranean Context Eric Vaz, 2020-01-15 Since the process of Southern Europe's integration in the European Union, the Mediterranean region has seen a more considerable gap between central and northern European countries and its Southern European counterpart. Thus, in a European context of social cohesion, it becomes necessary to better understand Southern Europe, without escaping to the common perception of the complexity of Mediterranean culture. As a significant player throughout history, Southern Europe consistently established a platform of diversity and freedom, bringing peace between different historic-cultural traditions. Moreover, the southern frontier of Europe to Africa and Asia has become a crucial determinant in the current times of change. |
| education system in portugal: Reviews of National Policies for Education: Tertiary Education in Portugal 2007 OECD, 2007-11-27 This OECD review of higher education in Portugal finds that participation and attainment remain below European standards and recommends that the national government focus on strategic direction and national goals and that governance and management of institutions be changed. |
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