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| formulation of the problem: Navigation of Autonomous Marine Robots Thomas Glotzbach, 2020-04-30 Thomas Glotzbach spotlights that navigation within marine robotics can benefit from cooperative teams in a way that justifies the increased effort to operate several vehicles at once. He features discussions of different scenarios, modeling of systems, and estimation algorithms for comparable situations. The chapter on the used methodologies may allow a reader with only basic knowledge in control theory to obtain deeper insight in advanced concepts such as observability and state estimation, even without any background in marine robotics. |
| formulation of the problem: Formulation in Psychology and Psychotherapy Lucy Johnstone, Rudi Dallos, 2013-07-18 The first edition of Formulation in Psychology and Psychotherapy caught the wave of growing interest in formulation in a clinical context. This completely updated and revised edition summarises recent practice, research, developments and debates while retaining the features that made the first a leading text in the field. It contains new chapters on personal construct formulation, formulation in health settings, and the innovative practice of using formulation in teams. The book sees formulation as a dynamic process which explores personal meaning collaboratively and reflectively, taking account of relational and social contexts. Two case studies, one adult and one child, illustrate the use of formulation from the perspectives of expert clinicians from six different theoretical positions. The book encourages the reader to take a constructively critical perspective on the many philosophical, professional and ethical debates raised by the process of formulating people’s problems. Among the issues explored are: The social and political context of formulation Formulation in relation to psychiatric diagnosis The limitations of formulation Controversies and debates about formulation This readable and comprehensive guide to the field provides a clear, up to date and thought-provoking overview of formulation from a number of perspectives, essential for clinicians working in all areas of mental health and social care, psychology, therapy and counselling. |
| formulation of the problem: Cognitive-Behavioral Case Formulation and Treatment Design Arthur M. Nezu, PhD, ABPP, Christine Maguth Nezu, PhD, ABPP, Elizabeth R. Lombardo, PhD, 2004-03-15 This user-friendly guide will help the clinician develop Cognitive-Behavioral treatment plans for 11 common psychological disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety, borderline personality disorder, anger problems). Based on a problem-solving model and empirical literature, the authors focus on two major clinical tasks involved in this process: case formulation and treatment design. They delineate short-term goals, long-term goals, treatment targets, and potential interventions. Appendices include quick guides to CBT treatment planning for the 11 disorders and selected major CBT clinical intervention strategies noted throughout the book. |
| formulation of the problem: Self-Learning Control of Finite Markov Chains A.S. Poznyak, Kaddour Najim, E. Gomez-Ramirez, 2000-01-03 Presents a number of new and potentially useful self-learning (adaptive) control algorithms and theoretical as well as practical results for both unconstrained and constrained finite Markov chains-efficiently processing new information by adjusting the control strategies directly or indirectly. |
| formulation of the problem: Introduction to Research Methodology: Problem Selection, Formulation and Research Design M. S. Sridhar, 2010 |
| formulation of the problem: Formulation and Numerical Solution of Quantum Control Problems Alfio Borzi, Gabriele Ciaramella, Martin Sprengel, 2017-07-06 This book provides an introduction to representative nonrelativistic quantum control problems and their theoretical analysis and solution via modern computational techniques. The quantum theory framework is based on the Schr?dinger picture, and the optimization theory, which focuses on functional spaces, is based on the Lagrange formalism. The computational techniques represent recent developments that have resulted from combining modern numerical techniques for quantum evolutionary equations with sophisticated optimization schemes. Both finite and infinite-dimensional models are discussed, including the three-level Lambda system arising in quantum optics, multispin systems in NMR, a charged particle in a well potential, Bose?Einstein condensates, multiparticle spin systems, and multiparticle models in the time-dependent density functional framework. This self-contained book covers the formulation, analysis, and numerical solution of quantum control problems and bridges scientific computing, optimal control and exact controllability, optimization with differential models, and the sciences and engineering that require quantum control methods. ?? |
| formulation of the problem: Research Advancements in Smart Technology, Optimization, and Renewable Energy Vasant, Pandian, Weber, Gerhard, Punurai, Wonsiri, 2020-08-07 As environmental issues remain at the forefront of energy research, renewable energy is now an all-important field of study. And as smart technology continues to grow and be refined, its applications broaden and increase in their potential to revolutionize sustainability studies. This potential can only be fully realized with a thorough understanding of the most recent breakthroughs in the field. Research Advancements in Smart Technology, Optimization, and Renewable Energy is a collection of innovative research that explores the recent steps forward for smart applications in sustainability. Featuring coverage on a wide range of topics including energy assessment, neural fuzzy control, and biogeography, this book is ideally designed for advocates, policymakers, engineers, software developers, academicians, researchers, and students. |
| formulation of the problem: Applied Optimization Ross Baldick, 2009-01-18 The starting point in the formulation of any numerical problem is to take an intuitive idea about the problem in question and to translate it into precise mathematical language. This book provides step-by-step descriptions of how to formulate numerical problems and develops techniques for solving them. A number of engineering case studies motivate the development of efficient algorithms that involve, in some cases, transformation of the problem from its initial formulation into a more tractable form. Five general problem classes are considered: linear systems of equations, non-linear systems of equations, unconstrained optimization, equality-constrained optimization and inequality-constrained optimization. The book contains many worked examples and homework exercises and is suitable for students of engineering or operations research taking courses in optimization. Supplementary material including solutions, lecture slides and appendices are available online at www.cambridge.org/9780521855648. |
| formulation of the problem: Business Optimization Using Mathematical Programming Josef Kallrath, 2021-08-31 This book presents a structured approach to formulate, model, and solve mathematical optimization problems for a wide range of real world situations. Among the problems covered are production, distribution and supply chain planning, scheduling, vehicle routing, as well as cutting stock, packing, and nesting. The optimization techniques used to solve the problems are primarily linear, mixed-integer linear, nonlinear, and mixed integer nonlinear programming. The book also covers important considerations for solving real-world optimization problems, such as dealing with valid inequalities and symmetry during the modeling phase, but also data interfacing and visualization of results in a more and more digitized world. The broad range of ideas and approaches presented helps the reader to learn how to model a variety of problems from process industry, paper and metals industry, the energy sector, and logistics using mathematical optimization techniques. |
| formulation of the problem: Make Just One Change Dan Rothstein, Luz Santana, 2011-09-01 The authors of Make Just One Change argue that formulating one’s own questions is “the single most essential skill for learning”—and one that should be taught to all students. They also argue that it should be taught in the simplest way possible. Drawing on twenty years of experience, the authors present the Question Formulation Technique, a concise and powerful protocol that enables learners to produce their own questions, improve their questions, and strategize how to use them. Make Just One Change features the voices and experiences of teachers in classrooms across the country to illustrate the use of the Question Formulation Technique across grade levels and subject areas and with different kinds of learners. |
| formulation of the problem: Towards Analytical Techniques for Systems Engineering Applications Griselda Acosta, Eric Smith, Vladik Kreinovich, 2020-05-06 This book is intended for specialists in systems engineering interested in new, general techniques and for students and practitioners interested in using these techniques for solving specific practical problems. For many real-world, complex systems, it is possible to create easy-to-compute explicit analytical models instead of time-consuming computer simulations. Usually, however, analytical models are designed on a case-by-case basis, and there is a scarcity of general techniques for designing such easy-to-compute models. This book fills this gap by providing general recommendations for using analytical techniques in all stages of system design, implementation, testing, and monitoring. It also illustrates these recommendations using applications in various domains, such as more traditional engineering systems, biological systems (e.g., systems for cattle management), and medical and social-related systems (e.g., recommender systems). |
| formulation of the problem: Application of Systematic Review Methods in an Overall Strategy for Evaluating Low-Dose Toxicity from Endocrine Active Chemicals National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Committee on Endocrine-Related Low-Dose Toxicity, 2017-08-14 To safeguard public health, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) must keep abreast of new scientific information and emerging technologies so that it can apply them to regulatory decision-making. For decades the agency has dealt with questions about what animal-testing data to use to make predictions about human health hazards, how to perform dose-response extrapolations, how to identify and protect susceptible subpopulations, and how to address uncertainties. As alternatives to traditional toxicity testing have emerged, the agency has been faced with additional questions about how to incorporate data from such tests into its chemical assessments and whether such tests can replace some traditional testing methods. Endocrine active chemicals (EACs) have raised concerns that traditional toxicity-testing protocols might be inadequate to identify all potential hazards to human health because they have the ability to modulate normal hormone function, and small alterations in hormone concentrations, particularly during sensitive life stages, can have lasting and significant effects. To address concerns about potential human health effects from EACs at low doses, this report develops a strategy to evaluate the evidence for such low-dose effects. |
| formulation of the problem: The Political Formulation of Policy Solutions Zittoun, Philippe, Fischer, Frank, Nikolaos Zahariadis, 2021-07-23 In this book, an international group of public policy scholars revisit the stage of formulating policy solutions by investigating the basic political dimensions inherent to this critical phase of the policy process. The book focuses attention on how policy makers craft their policy proposals, match them with public problems, debate their feasibility to build coalitions and dispute their acceptability as serious contenders for government consideration. Based on international case studies, this book is an invitation to examine the uncertain and often indeterminate aspects of policy-making using qualitative analysis embedded in a political perspective. |
| formulation of the problem: Introduction to the Theory of Nonlinear Optimization Johannes Jahn, 1996-09-17 This book serves as an introductory text to optimization theory in normed spaces and covers all areas of nonlinear optimization. It presents fundamentals with particular emphasis on the application to problems in the calculus of variations, approximation and optimal control theory. The reader is expected to have a basic knowledge of linear functional analysis. |
| formulation of the problem: Research Methods and Data Analysis for Business Decisions James E. Sallis, Geir Gripsrud, Ulf Henning Olsson, Ragnhild Silkoset, 2021-10-30 This introductory textbook presents research methods and data analysis tools in non-technical language. It explains the research process and the basics of qualitative and quantitative data analysis, including procedures and methods, analysis, interpretation, and applications using hands-on data examples in QDA Miner Lite and IBM SPSS Statistics software. The book is divided into four parts that address study and research design; data collection, qualitative methods and surveys; statistical methods, including hypothesis testing, regression, cluster and factor analysis; and reporting. The intended audience is business and social science students learning scientific research methods, however, given its business context, the book will be equally useful for decision-makers in businesses and organizations. |
| formulation of the problem: The Case Formulation Approach to Cognitive-Behavior Therapy Jacqueline B. Persons, 2012-10-22 A major contribution for all clinicians committed to understanding and using what really works in therapy, this book belongs on the desks of practitioners, students, and residents in clinical psychology, psychiatry, counseling, and social work. It will serve as a text in graduate-level courses on cognitive-behavior therapy and in clinical practica. |
| formulation of the problem: Experimental Design for Formulation Wendell F. Smith, 2005-01-01 Many products, such as foods, personal-care products, beverages, and cleaning agents, are made by mixing ingredients together. This book describes a systematic methodology for formulating such products so that they perform according to one's goals, providing scientists and engineers with a fast track to the implementation of the methodology. Experimental Design for Formulation contains examples from a wide variety of fields and includes a discussion of how to design experiments for a mixture setting and how to fit and interpret models in a mixture setting. It also introduces process variables, the combining of mixture and nonmixture variables in a designed experiment, and the concept of collinearity and the possible problems that can result from its presence. Experimental Design for Formulation is a useful manual for the formulator and can also be used by a resident statistician to teach an in-house short course. Statistical proofs are largely absent, and the formulas that are presented are included to explain how the various software packages carry out the analysis. Many examples are given of output from statistical software packages, and the proper interpretation of computer output is emphasized. Other topics presented include a discussion of an effect in a mixture setting, the presentation of elementary optimization methods, and multiple-response optimization wherein one seeks to optimize more than one response. |
| formulation of the problem: Individual Case Formulation Richard S. Hallam, 2013-01-10 Individual Case Formulation presents formulation as a process that can be taught systematically to trainee therapists. The book begins by discussing assorted theories of case formulation, and critiques their ability to be applied in real world situations. The individual case formulation approach is then defined and discussed as a way to integrate the best of what different theoretical orientations have to offer in conjunction with the expertise and clinical judgment of the therapist. The book proposes a systemic/functional framework that focuses on difficulties as defined by the client and emphasizes constructive solutions to problems rather than symptom reduction. Moving from theory to application, the book then guides therapists in how to conduct assessment interviews, how to reach a provisional formulation, how to test that formulation for accuracy and reformulate if necessary, how a therapist can make explicit what their clinical reasoning was in making the case formulation, and provides case examples and transcripts so readers will better grasp the concepts in action. Intended both for the starting or trainee therapist and the experienced clinician, Individual Case Formulation provides a practical guide for those looking to improve their case formulation skills. - Reviews, critiques and compares multiple theories on formulation - Identifies benefits of utilizing the individual case approach - Guides trainee therapists how to conduct assessment interviews and reach a provisional formulation - Presents a conceptual framework for developing and testing a formulation - Helps trainees make explicit their clinical reasoning - Field-tested for several decades - Provides case examples with annotated transcripts to illustrate the process of formulation |
| formulation of the problem: Handbook of Policy Formulation Michael Howlett, Ishani Mukherjee, 2017-04-28 Policy formulation relies upon the interplay of knowledge-based analysis of issues with power-based considerations, such as the political assessment of the costs and benefits of proposed actions, and its effects on the partisan and electoral concerns of governments. Policy scholars have long been interested in how governments successfully create, deploy and utilise policy instruments, but the literature on policy formulation has, until now, remained fragmented. This comprehensive Handbook unites original scholarship on policy tools and design, with contributions examining policy actors and the roles they play in the formulation process. |
| formulation of the problem: Formulation as a Basis for Planning Psychotherapy Treatment Mardi J. Horowitz, 2018-11-28 Formulation as a Basis for Planning Psychotherapy Treatment utilizes a step-by-step structure and copious case illustrations to teach psychiatrists, residents in psychiatry and psychology, social workers, and marriage and family counselors how to plan treatment after the initial diagnosis. This new edition arrives two decades after the first, with revised content, updated case studies, and new insights gleaned over the author's noteworthy career. Clinical formulation, also known as case formulation and problem formulation, is a theoretically-based explanation or conceptualization of the information obtained from a clinical assessment. Although formulation systems vary by different schools of psychotherapy, the author has adopted and here explores a systematic approach based on an integrative effort. This system of configurational analysis combines concepts derived from psychodynamic, interpersonal, cognitive-behavioral, and family system approaches. After an overview of psychological change processes, each of the five steps of configurational analysis is covered systematically: Step one involves selecting and describing the patient's currently most important symptoms, signs, problems, and topics of concern. For example, symptoms may consist of trouble sleeping or feelings of depression; signs may include discordant verbal and physical expression; problems may include reluctance to go to work or care for family members; and topics of concern might be unresolved grief the patient feels helpless to process without assistance. Since both patient and therapist want to know if these observable phenomena are changing, this list is modified as treatment progresses. Step two entails describing states in which the patterns of phenomena do and do not occur, with attention to patterns of shifts in states, especially maladaptive state cycles. The therapist is taught how to aggregate and organize this information by describing states of mind -- for example, undermodulated (e.g., unthinking rage) or overmodulated (e.g., numbness and lack of affect). Step three involves describing the challenging topics that patients may both approach and avoid because they are conflicted or unresolved, as well as the obstacles patients may create to divert attention from those topics. For example, patients may avoid a topic or shift attention from it by changing the subject and so forth. Step four entails describing the organizing roles, beliefs, and scripts of expression and action that seem to organize repetitions in each state, with an effort made to identify dysfunctional attitudes and how these may have evolved from past attachments and traumas. Finally, step five involves figuring out how to stabilize working states by enhancing the therapeutic alliance and helping the patient contain and master emotional attitudes. At this point, the clinician plans how to counteract avoidances by direction of attention and promotes adaptive social cognitive capacities. From surface observation to deeper inferences, Formulation as a Basis for Planning Psychotherapy Treatment transcends DSM diagnoses, helping clinicians to use information gleaned in the immediacy of the moment to make sound, sensitive, and effective psychotherapeutic decisions. |
| formulation of the problem: 22nd European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering David Bogle, 2012-08-03 Computer aided process engineering (CAPE) plays a key design and operations role in the process industries. This conference features presentations by CAPE specialists and addresses strategic planning, supply chain issues and the increasingly important area of sustainability audits. Experts collectively highlight the need for CAPE practitioners to embrace the three components of sustainable development: environmental, social and economic progress and the role of systematic and sophisticated CAPE tools in delivering these goals. Contributions from the international community of researchers and engineers using computing-based methods in process engineering Review of the latest developments in process systems engineering Emphasis on a systems approach in tackling industrial and societal grand challenges |
| formulation of the problem: Review of Report and Approach to Evaluating Long-Term Health Effects in Army Test Subjects National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Committee to Review Report on Long-Term Health Effects on Army Test Subjects, 2018-02-23 Between 1942 and 1975, the U.S. Army conducted tests with human subjects to study the effects of a variety of agents, including chemical warfare and biological agents. The potential long-term health effects on the test subjects from their exposures have been evaluated periodically, most recently in a report titled Assessment of Potential Long-Term Health Effects on Army Human Test Subjects of Relevant Biological and Chemical Agents, Drugs, Medications and Substances: Literature Review and Analysis (the Report), which was prepared by a contractor to assist the Army with making determinations about providing medical care to former test subjects. In response to a request by the Army, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine formed a committee that was tasked with examining whether the Report appropriately identified potential long-term health effects from exposure to the test agents and whether an adequate weight-of-evidence approach was used to characterize the strength of the associations between the agents and their potential health effects. The committee was made aware at its first meeting on November 30, 2017, that the Army had already begun to receive applications for medical care and that some determinations may need to be made before the committee's evaluation of the Report was completed. Because of this urgency, the Army developed a process by which applications for medical care will be reviewed, and as a result, the committee was given the additional task of reviewing the Army's Memorandum that describes the approach that will be used by the Army to evaluate agent- and outcome-specific associations. This interim report was prepared to facilitate the Army's deliberations. A review of the Report is presented first, followed by a review of the Memorandum. |
| formulation of the problem: Clinical Case Formulation Peter Sturmey, 2009-11-02 Case formulation is a key skill for mental health practitioners, and this book provides examples of ten case formulations representing the most common mental health problems in a variety of populations and contexts, offering commentary on contrasting formulations of the same case. Provides an overview of the general features of case formulation and how it can drive treatment Features clinical cases from a variety of populations, focusing on a range of different problems Covers all the major theoretical perspectives in clinical practice – behavioural, cognitive behavioural, psychodynamic, medical , and eclectic Offers commentary on contrasting formulations of the same case for five different clinical problems |
| formulation of the problem: Your Research Project Nicholas Walliman, 2011-05-31 In the third edition of this bestselling book, you′ll find everything you need to embark upon your research project and write your proposal with confidence. Written with the needs of undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as practitioners in mind, Your Research Project will guide you through the process of formulating a research question, choosing your research methods, planning your research, and writing your proposal. Fully updated and revised, the new edition features: o A comprehensive introduction to the purpose and nature of research o Expanded coverage of writing a research plan or proposal o An overview of qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis, as well as more on mixed methods research designs o New sections on digital media and online research methods o Exercises and examples to provide students from across the social sciences with the practical tools needed to succeed in their project. Nicholas Walliman is Senior Lecturer in the School of the Built Environment at Oxford Brookes University. |
| formulation of the problem: Quantitative Techniques P. C. Tulsian, 2006 Quantitative Techniques: Theory and Problems adopts a fresh and novel approach to the study of quantitative techniques, and provides a comprehensive coverage of the subject. Essentially designed for extensive practice and self-study, this book will serve as a tutor at home. Chapters contain theory in brief, numerous solved examples and exercises with exhibits and tables. |
| formulation of the problem: How to Practice Academic Medicine and Publish from Developing Countries? Samiran Nundy, Atul Kakar, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, 2021-10-23 This is an open access book. The book provides an overview of the state of research in developing countries – Africa, Latin America, and Asia (especially India) and why research and publications are important in these regions. It addresses budding but struggling academics in low and middle-income countries. It is written mainly by senior colleagues who have experienced and recognized the challenges with design, documentation, and publication of health research in the developing world. The book includes short chapters providing insight into planning research at the undergraduate or postgraduate level, issues related to research ethics, and conduct of clinical trials. It also serves as a guide towards establishing a research question and research methodology. It covers important concepts such as writing a paper, the submission process, dealing with rejection and revisions, and covers additional topics such as planning lectures and presentations. The book will be useful for graduates, postgraduates, teachers as well as physicians and practitioners all over the developing world who are interested in academic medicine and wish to do medical research. |
| formulation of the problem: Formulating Research Problems Johan Alvehus, 2020 What constitutes a good research problem?And how do you go about formulating one?Whereas the research problem is one of the key components of an academic thesis,formulating research problems has been surprisingly neglected in the literature on research methods.In this book,four different approaches to the formulation of research problems are presented: the gap approach,the grounded approach,the mystery approach,and the actor approach.The book provides an overview of the different approaches,highlights differences and similarities,and encourages experimentation in order to formulate creative and relevant research problems. |
| formulation of the problem: Secondary Analysis of Electronic Health Records MIT Critical Data, 2016-09-09 This book trains the next generation of scientists representing different disciplines to leverage the data generated during routine patient care. It formulates a more complete lexicon of evidence-based recommendations and support shared, ethical decision making by doctors with their patients. Diagnostic and therapeutic technologies continue to evolve rapidly, and both individual practitioners and clinical teams face increasingly complex ethical decisions. Unfortunately, the current state of medical knowledge does not provide the guidance to make the majority of clinical decisions on the basis of evidence. The present research infrastructure is inefficient and frequently produces unreliable results that cannot be replicated. Even randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the traditional gold standards of the research reliability hierarchy, are not without limitations. They can be costly, labor intensive, and slow, and can return results that are seldom generalizable to every patient population. Furthermore, many pertinent but unresolved clinical and medical systems issues do not seem to have attracted the interest of the research enterprise, which has come to focus instead on cellular and molecular investigations and single-agent (e.g., a drug or device) effects. For clinicians, the end result is a bit of a “data desert” when it comes to making decisions. The new research infrastructure proposed in this book will help the medical profession to make ethically sound and well informed decisions for their patients. |
| formulation of the problem: Psychoanalytic Case Formulation Nancy McWilliams, 1999-03-26 What kinds of questions do experienced clinicians ask themselves when meeting a new client for the first time? What are the main issues that must be explored to gain a basic grasp of each individual's unique psychology? How can clinical expertise be taught? From the author of Psychoanalytic Diagnosis, the volume takes clinicians step-by-step through developing a dynamic case formulation and using this information to guide and inform treatment decisions. Synthesizing extensive clinical literature, diverse psychoanalytic viewpoints, and empirical research in psychology and psychiatry, Nancy McWilliams does more than simply bring assessment to life - she illuminates the entire psychotherapeutic process. |
| formulation of the problem: Essays and Surveys in Metaheuristics Celso C. Ribeiro, Pierre Hansen, 2012-12-06 Finding exact solutions to many combinatorial optimization problems in busi ness, engineering, and science still poses a real challenge, despite the impact of recent advances in mathematical programming and computer technology. New fields of applications, such as computational biology, electronic commerce, and supply chain management, bring new challenges and needs for algorithms and optimization techniques. Metaheuristics are master procedures that guide and modify the operations of subordinate heuristics, to produce improved approx imate solutions to hard optimization problems with respect to more simple algorithms. They also provide fast and robust tools, producing high-quality solutions in reasonable computation times. The field of metaheuristics has been fast evolving in recent years. Tech niques such as simulated annealing, tabu search, genetic algorithms, scatter search, greedy randomized adaptive search, variable neighborhood search, ant systems, and their hybrids are currently among the most efficient and robust optimization strategies to find high-quality solutions to many real-life optimiza tion problems. A very large nmnber of successful applications of metaheuristics are reported in the literature and spread throughout many books, journals, and conference proceedings. A series of international conferences entirely devoted to the theory, applications, and computational developments in metaheuristics has been attracting an increasing number of participants, from universities and the industry. |
| formulation of the problem: A Guide to the Formulation of Plans and Goals in Occupational Therapy Sue Parkinson, Rob Brooks, 2020-11-29 This practical guide for occupational therapists introduces a tried and tested method for moving from assessment to intervention, by formulating plans and measurable goals using the influential Model of Human occupation (MOHO). Section 1 introduces the concept of formulation – where it comes from, what it involves, why it is important, and how assessment information can be guided by theoretical frameworks and organised into a flowing narrative. Section 2 provides specific instructions for constructing occupational formulations using the Model of Human Occupation. In addition, a radically new way for creating aspirational goals is introduced - based on a simple acronym - which will enable occupational therapists to measure sustained changes rather than single actions. Section 3 presents 20 example occupational formulations and goals, from a wide range of mental health, physical health and learning disability settings, as well as a prison service, and services for homeless people and asylum seekers. Designed for practising occupational therapists and occupational students, this is an essential introduction for all those who are looking for an effective way to formulate plans and goals based on the Model of Human Occupation. |
| formulation of the problem: Inverse Problem Theory and Methods for Model Parameter Estimation Albert Tarantola, 2005-01-01 While the prediction of observations is a forward problem, the use of actual observations to infer the properties of a model is an inverse problem. Inverse problems are difficult because they may not have a unique solution. The description of uncertainties plays a central role in the theory, which is based on probability theory. This book proposes a general approach that is valid for linear as well as for nonlinear problems. The philosophy is essentially probabilistic and allows the reader to understand the basic difficulties appearing in the resolution of inverse problems. The book attempts to explain how a method of acquisition of information can be applied to actual real-world problems, and many of the arguments are heuristic. |
| formulation of the problem: Forecasting: principles and practice Rob J Hyndman, George Athanasopoulos, 2018-05-08 Forecasting is required in many situations. Stocking an inventory may require forecasts of demand months in advance. Telecommunication routing requires traffic forecasts a few minutes ahead. Whatever the circumstances or time horizons involved, forecasting is an important aid in effective and efficient planning. This textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to forecasting methods and presents enough information about each method for readers to use them sensibly. |
| formulation of the problem: Wicked Problems Worth Solving Jon Kolko, 2012 It feels like our world is spinning out of control. We see poverty, disease, and destruction all around us, and as we search for ways to make sense of the chaos, we're turning to new disciplines for answers and solutions. New, creative innovations are needed, and these new approaches demand different methods and different theories. This book is presented as a handbook for teaching and learning how to design for impact. In it, you'll learn how to apply the process of design to large, wicked problems, and how to gain control over complexity by acting as a social entrepreneur. You'll learn an argument for why design is a powerful agent of change, and you'll read practical methods for engaging with large-scale social problems. You can read this entire book online for free at http://www.wickedproblems.com/ |
| formulation of the problem: Beyond Diagnosis Michael Bruch, Frank W. Bond, 1999-05-04 Beyond Diagnosis Case Formulation Approaches in CBT Edited by Michael Bruch, University College London Medical School, UK and Frank W. Bond, Goldsmiths College, University of London, UK Most clinical psychologists and psychotherapists strive to plan and implement treatment programmes suited to the individual needs of their clients. The challenge is to do so within an environment of evidence-based managed care, for which the cognitive-behavioural model seems well suited. The case formulation approach is increasingly used and taught to meet this challenge. This unique collection of chapters by acknowledged experts is written with the trainee and practitioner in mind, with the emphasis on understanding case formulation and its clinical application. The reader will find that this book: * Provides detailed examples of different, current approaches to CBT in the context of case formulation. * Shows how six different types of psychological problems are conceptualised and treated from a case formulation perspective. * Demonstrates how treatment manuals can be tailored to individual client needs, a process that may well increase the efficacy of the treatment manuals. * Provides throughout many detailed, concrete examples of how clinicians can use CBT case formulations with their clients. These clinical illustrations emphasise that approaches can be variable and adaptable within the cognitive-behavioural framework. They are applicable to a wide variety of psychological problems, using individually tailored treatment programmes for the needs of specific clients. This book will help clinicians to use case formulation approaches with their own clients. From the Foreword by Ira Daniel Turkat: The clinician who reads this book will be grateful for the very practical information offered . . The ultimate goal of clinical psychology should be to prevent psychopathology from occurring. To do so, we need to understand what causes these disorders in the first place and why they continue to be exhibited . by focusing on how to 'think' about clinical phenomena, the following pages guide us down the right path. |
| formulation of the problem: Assessment and Case Formulation in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Sarah Corrie, Michael Townend, Adrian Cockx, 2015-11-23 Offering a unique philosophical, theoretical and process-focused introduction to one of the cornerstones of CBT: assessment and case formulation. Updated and expanded to take account of the vast developments in the field of CBT since its first publication, this second edition follows a clear two part structure: - Part One introduces trainees to the key theory, practice and processes of assessment and case formulation - Part Two provides practical illustrations of the theory through 12 extended case studies, considering both ‘simple’ and ‘complex’ presenting issues. Each of these chapters follows a set structure to enable easy comparison. Offering all they need to know about this crucial part of their training, this is essential reading for trainees on any CBT course. |
| formulation of the problem: Assessment and Case Formulation in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Alec Grant, Michael Townend, Jem Mills, Adrian Cockx, 2008-03-11 `An important contribution to the development of cognitive therapy that synthesizes the best of traditional cognitive therapy with important new developments emerging from a range of different areas. Combining practical accessibility with theoretical sophistication, this book will be invaluable reading for both beginning therapists and experienced clinicians' - Jeremy D. Safran, Ph.D., Professor and Director of Clinical Psychology, New School for Social Research, New York `Like a powerful river with many tributaries, this book somehow manages to weave influences from all kinds of diverse sources into an exciting, coherent whole. It is everything you'd want of a new CBT book for students and practitioners - fresh, practical, accessible' - James Bennett-Levy, Oxford Cognitive Therapy Centre Assessment and Case Formulation in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is a comprehensive guide to key areas of professional knowledge and skill. The successful outcome of therapy depends on the therapist's ability to work collaboratively with clients to create rounded assessments and formulations as a solid basis for therapeutic work. Drawing directly on their own clinical work, the authors describe how assessment and formulation should evolve throughout the process. The case examples chosen include helping individuals with axis I and II problems such as psychosis, depression, borderline personality disorder and family case formulation. The authors also discuss the importance of the therapist taking into account their own beliefs and emotions in formulating each case and present suggested self-practice/self-reflection trajectories to support continuous professional development in this area. Alec Grant is Principal Lecturer and Course Leader MSc in Cognitive Psychotherapy at INAM, University of Brighton. Michael Townend is Reader in Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapy and Programme Leader for the MSc in Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapy and Postgraduate Certificate in Clinical Supervision, University of Derby. Jem Mills is Managing Director Aurora CBT Ltd and also Cognitive Psychotherapist in Private Practice. Adrian Cockx is Community Psychiatric Nurse and MSc in Cognitive Psychotherapy student at University of Brighton. |
| formulation of the problem: Formulation in Action David Dawson, Nima Moghaddam, 2015-01-01 When people seek psychological support, formulation is the theory-driven methodology used by many practitioners to guide identification of the processes, mechanisms, and patterns of behaviour that appear to be contributing to the presenting difficulties. However, the process of formulating – or applying psychological theory to practice – can often seem unclear. In this volume, we present multiple demonstrations of formulation in action – written by applied psychologists embedded in clinical training, research, and practice. The volume covers a range of contemporary approaches to formulation and therapy that have not been considered in extant works, and includes unique sections offering critical counter-perspectives and commentaries on each approach (and its application) by authors working from alternative theoretical positions. |
| formulation of the problem: Managing IT Human Resources Jerry N. Luftman, 2011 This book provides a comprehensive presentation of current and emerging perspectives focusing on all aspects of managing IT HR from the view of both practitioners and academics located around the globe--Provided by publisher. |
| formulation of the problem: Forensic Case Formulation Peter Sturmey, Mary McMurran, 2011-08-17 Forensic Case Formulation is the first text that describes the principles and application of case formulation specifically to forensic clinical practice. Addresses risk assessment and its implications for case formulation and treatment Covers a range of serious forensic problems such as violence, sexual offending, personality disorder, and substance misuse Offers guidance in training clinicians on ways to create useful formulations |
FORMULATION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of FORMULATION is an act or the product of formulating.
Formulation - Wikipedia
In pharmacy, a formulation is a mixture or a structure such as a capsule, tablet, or an emulsion, prepared according to a specific procedure (called a "formula").
FORMULATION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
FORMULATION definition: 1. the action of developing all the details of a plan for doing something, or something that is…. Learn more.
Formulation - definition of formulation by The Free Dictionary
formulation - a substance prepared according to a formula; "the physician prescribed a commercial preparation of the medicine"
Formulation - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
A formulation is a mixture of ingredients prepared in a certain way and used for a specific purpose. For example, if you are sick, you may need a formulation of a combination of antibiotics.
What does FORMULATION mean? - Definitions.net
Formulation refers to the process of creating or devising a strategy, method, or proposal designed to achieve a particular outcome or goal. It is also used to describe the method in which …
formulation noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of formulation noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Analysing and identifying substances - AQA Formulations - BBC
In a formulation, every chemical has been added in a carefully measured amount. Each chemical has a specific purpose in the formulation. Learn about analysing and identifying substances …
What is Drug Formulation? Types, Phases and Routes of ... - Renejix
Drug formulation is an essential component of pharmaceutical research and development, involving a complex process of combining an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with …
What Is Formulation In Pharma? Check it From Arborpharm
May 24, 2025 · Pharmaceutical formulation involves carefully mixing substances to make a drug. Clinically, the active drug is the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). It directly affects the …
FORMULATION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of FORMULATION is an act or the product of formulating.
Formulation - Wikipedia
In pharmacy, a formulation is a mixture or a structure such as a capsule, tablet, or an emulsion, prepared according to a specific procedure (called a "formula").
FORMULATION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
FORMULATION definition: 1. the action of developing all the details of a plan for doing something, or something that is…. Learn more.
Formulation - definition of formulation by The Free Dictionary
formulation - a substance prepared according to a formula; "the physician prescribed a commercial preparation of the medicine"
Formulation - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
A formulation is a mixture of ingredients prepared in a certain way and used for a specific purpose. For example, if you are sick, you may need a formulation of a combination of antibiotics.
What does FORMULATION mean? - Definitions.net
Formulation refers to the process of creating or devising a strategy, method, or proposal designed to achieve a particular outcome or goal. It is also used to describe the method in which …
formulation noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of formulation noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Analysing and identifying substances - AQA Formulations - BBC
In a formulation, every chemical has been added in a carefully measured amount. Each chemical has a specific purpose in the formulation. Learn about analysing and identifying substances with...
What is Drug Formulation? Types, Phases and Routes of ... - Renejix
Drug formulation is an essential component of pharmaceutical research and development, involving a complex process of combining an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with various …
What Is Formulation In Pharma? Check it From Arborpharm
May 24, 2025 · Pharmaceutical formulation involves carefully mixing substances to make a drug. Clinically, the active drug is the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). It directly affects the …
