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| formula for purchases in accounting: Principles of Accounting Volume 1 - Financial Accounting Mitchell Franklin, Patty Graybeal, Dixon Cooper, 2019-04-11 The text and images in this book are in grayscale. A hardback color version is available. Search for ISBN 9781680922929. Principles of Accounting is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of a two-semester accounting course that covers the fundamentals of financial and managerial accounting. This book is specifically designed to appeal to both accounting and non-accounting majors, exposing students to the core concepts of accounting in familiar ways to build a strong foundation that can be applied across business fields. Each chapter opens with a relatable real-life scenario for today's college student. Thoughtfully designed examples are presented throughout each chapter, allowing students to build on emerging accounting knowledge. Concepts are further reinforced through applicable connections to more detailed business processes. Students are immersed in the why as well as the how aspects of accounting in order to reinforce concepts and promote comprehension over rote memorization. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Accounting for Inventory: Fourth Edition Steven M. Bragg, 2021-08-07 The value of inventory is a difficult figure to pin down, and yet it must be properly derived in order to create accurate financial statements. Accounting for Inventory enhances the accountant's ability to derive an accurate valuation, every time. It does so by delving into inventory counting systems, cost layering, standard costing, overhead allocation, the lower of cost or market rule, disclosures, measurements, and much more. This book is an essential tool for dealing with one of the largest and most complex assets on the balance sheet. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Business Ratios and Formulas Steven M. Bragg, 2003-04-03 A complete appraisal of analytical tools available to managersto assess performance Steve Bragg has created a useful, relevant guide to applyingperformance measurements across the organization. His practicalexplanations and examples should enable managers to applysophisticated performance measures in a straightforward manner.This book will be a great tool for process improvement. It shouldbe well received by managers, accountants, and consultants. —Clint Davies, Partner (Principal), Berry, Dunn, McNeil &Parker Business managers require a variety of analytical tools toassess a host of organizational performance standards-from finance,efficiency, capacity, and market share to asset utilization, cashflows, liquidity, and capital structure. Steven Bragg'sBusiness Ratios and Formulas represents acomprehensive resource of nearly 200 operational criteria, allowingmanagers and auditors to pick and choose the tools they need tobest assess their organization's performance. Each catalogedmeasurement includes a description, an example, and sometime-tested troubleshooting. Business Ratios andFormulas proves an authoritative resource for managerswishing to thoroughly assess organizational performance. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Managerial Accounting For Dummies Mark P. Holtzman, 2013-02-11 The easy way to master a managerial accounting course Are you enrolled in a managerial accounting class and finding yourself struggling? Fear not! Managerial Accounting For Dummies is the go-to study guide to help you easily master the concepts of this challenging course. You'll discover the basic concepts, terminology, and methods to identify, measure, analyze, interpret, and communicate information in the pursuit of an organization's goals. Tracking to a typical managerial accounting course and packed with easy-to-understand explanations and real-life examples, Managerial Accounting For Dummies explores cost behavior, cost analysis, profit planning and control measures, accounting for decentralized operations, capital budgeting decisions, ethical challenges in managerial accounting, and much more. Covers the key concepts and tools needed to communicate accounting information for managerial decision-making within an organization Plain-English explanations of managerial accounting terminology and methods Tracks to a typical college-level managerial accounting course Managerial Accounting For Dummies makes it fast and easy to grasp the concepts needed to score your highest in a managerial accounting course. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Changes in Inventories in the National Accounts Mr.Segismundo Fassler, Mr.Manik L. Shrestha, 2003-06-01 The principles underlying the recording of changes in inventories are explained in the System of National Accounts, 1993 (1993 SNA), but operational guidelines on their measurement are lacking. This paper elaborates specific statistical techniques and their underlying assumptions for calculating changes in inventories and holding gains when only data on stocks of inventories are available. Several data situations are considered. The authors propose methods for measuring changes in inventories that meet the 1993 SNA principles. The paper also explores possibilities for implementing the proposed improvements and explains the interpretation of data on changes in inventories. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Principles of Accounting Volume 2 - Managerial Accounting Mitchell Franklin, Patty Graybeal, Dixon Cooper, 2019-02-14 A less-expensive grayscale paperback version is available. Search for ISBN 9781680922936. Principles of Accounting is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of a two-semester accounting course that covers the fundamentals of financial and managerial accounting. This book is specifically designed to appeal to both accounting and non-accounting majors, exposing students to the core concepts of accounting in familiar ways to build a strong foundation that can be applied across business fields. Each chapter opens with a relatable real-life scenario for today's college student. Thoughtfully designed examples are presented throughout each chapter, allowing students to build on emerging accounting knowledge. Concepts are further reinforced through applicable connections to more detailed business processes. Students are immersed in the why as well as the how aspects of accounting in order to reinforce concepts and promote comprehension over rote memorization. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Principles of Financial Accounting Christine Jonick, 2018-09-30 The University of North Georgia Press and Affordable Learning Georgia bring you Principles of Financial Accounting. Well-written and straightforward, Principles of Financial Accounting is a needed contribution to open source pedagogy in the business education world. Written in order to directly meet the needs of her students, this textbook developed from Dr. Christine Jonick's years of teaching and commitment to effective pedagogy. Features: Peer reviewed by academic professionals and tested by students Over 100 charts and graphs Instructional exercises appearing both in-text and for Excel Resources for student professional development |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Budgeting Basics and Beyond Jae K. Shim, Joel G. Siegel, 2008-12-03 If the very thought of budgets pushes your sanity over the limit, then this practical, easy-to-use guide is just what you need. Budgeting Basics and Beyond, Third Edition equips you with an all-in-one resource guaranteed to make the budgeting process easier, less stressful, and more effective. Written by Jae Shim and Joel Siegel, the new edition covers Balanced Scorecard, budgeting for nonprofit organizations, business simulations for executive and management training, and much more! |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Accounting Principles, Volume 1 Jerry J. Weygandt, Donald E. Kieso, Paul D. Kimmel, Barbara Trenholm, Valerie Warren, Lori Novak, 2019-01-29 Our top selling introductory accounting product Accounting Principles helps students succeed with its proven pedagogical framework, technical currency and an unparalleled robust suite of study and practice resources. It has been praised for its outstanding visual design, excellent writing style and clarity of presentation. The new eighth edition provides more opportunities to use technology and new features that empower students to apply what they have learned in the classroom to the world outside the classroom. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: The Inventory Toolkit Geoff Relph, Catherine Milner, 2019-07-03 Looking beyond the complexity and theory of inventory management, authors Geoff Relph and Catherine Milner examine managing inventory and achieving targets. Whilst the first edition mainly focused on planning, this new edition of The Inventory Toolkit includes three new chapters that go beyond planning to implementation. Amongst other topics, the new chapters cover holding and moving inventory, working with suppliers and using stack and flow to identify pinch points and facilitate lean and agile operations. This comprehensive second edition of The Inventory Toolkit includes case studies from diverse industries such as retail and aerospace, and worked examples and regular exercises which illustrate how the inventory tools can be used in an operational setting. It is an invaluable reference guide for students and practitioners focusing on inventory management and operations management in manufacturing and retail, as well as operational staff involved in the implementation of the MRP and inventory management modules of ERP systems. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Outlines of Accounting William Samuel Krebs, 1927 |
| formula for purchases in accounting: The Ultimate Accountants' Reference Including GAAP, IRS & SEC Regulations, Leases, and More Steven M. Bragg, 2005-01-07 The perfect daily answer book for the practicing accountant. The Ultimate Accountants’ Reference offers a single-source tool of best practices and control systems related to accounting regulations for all aspects of financial statements, accounting management reports, and management of the accounting department. In addition, you'll gain insight into financing options, pension plans, risk management, mergers and acquisitions, and taxation topics. Order your copy today! |
| formula for purchases in accounting: General Theory Of Employment , Interest And Money John Maynard Keynes, 2016-04 John Maynard Keynes is the great British economist of the twentieth century whose hugely influential work The General Theory of Employment, Interest and * is undoubtedly the century's most important book on economics--strongly influencing economic theory and practice, particularly with regard to the role of government in stimulating and regulating a nation's economic life. Keynes's work has undergone significant revaluation in recent years, and Keynesian views which have been widely defended for so long are now perceived as at odds with Keynes's own thinking. Recent scholarship and research has demonstrated considerable rivalry and controversy concerning the proper interpretation of Keynes's works, such that recourse to the original text is all the more important. Although considered by a few critics that the sentence structures of the book are quite incomprehensible and almost unbearable to read, the book is an essential reading for all those who desire a basic education in economics. The key to understanding Keynes is the notion that at particular times in the business cycle, an economy can become over-productive (or under-consumptive) and thus, a vicious spiral is begun that results in massive layoffs and cuts in production as businesses attempt to equilibrate aggregate supply and demand. Thus, full employment is only one of many or multiple macro equilibria. If an economy reaches an underemployment equilibrium, something is necessary to boost or stimulate demand to produce full employment. This something could be business investment but because of the logic and individualist nature of investment decisions, it is unlikely to rapidly restore full employment. Keynes logically seizes upon the public budget and government expenditures as the quickest way to restore full employment. Borrowing the * to finance the deficit from private households and businesses is a quick, direct way to restore full employment while at the same time, redirecting or siphoning |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Accounting Principles, Volume 2 Jerry Weygandt, Donald E. Kieso, Paul D. Kimmel, Barbara Trenholm, Anthony C. Warren, Valerie Warren, Lori E. Novak, 2022-01-10 Accounting Principles, 9th Canadian Edition empowers students to succeed by providing a clear overview of fundamental financial and managerial accounting concepts with a focus on learning the accounting cycle from the sole proprietor perspective. To develop a deeper understanding of course concepts, students work through high-quality assessment at varying levels, helping them learn more efficiently and create connections between topics and real-world application. There are also a variety of hands-on activities that help students learn how to solve business problems, including running cases with real-world application, Analytics in Action problems, Data Analytics Insight features, and Excel templates. With Accounting Principles, your students will stay on track and be better prepared to connect the classroom to the real world. With Accounting Principles, your students will stay on track and be better prepared to connect the classroom to the real world. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Essentials of Inventory Management Max Muller, 2011 Does inventory management sometimes feel like a waste of time? Learn how to maximize your inventory management process to use it as a tool for making important business decisions. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Financial Accounting for Local and State School Systems , 1981 |
| formula for purchases in accounting: The Ultimate Accountants' Reference Steven M. Bragg, 2006-11-28 The Ultimate Accountants’ Reference Including GAAP, IRS & SEC Regulations, Leases, and More, Second Edition updates you on the latest accounting regulations for all aspects of the financial statements, accounting management reports, and management of the accounting department including best practices, control systems, and the fast close. This is the perfect daily answer book for the practicing accountant. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Introduction to Corporate Accounting with Quick Revision (Combo) Tulsian P.C. & Tulsian Bharat, 2008 Accounting For Share Capital|Redemption Of Redeemable Preference Shares And Buy Back Of Shares|Issue Of Debentures|Redemption Of Debentures|Final Accounts Of A Company|Amalgamation Of Companies|Internal Reconstruction|Cash Flow Statement|Financial State |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Financial Accounting Paul D. Kimmel, Jerry J. Weygandt, Donald E. Kieso, 2020 The new eighth edition of Financial Accounting: Tools for Decision-Making, Canadian Edition by Kimmel, Weygandt, Kieso, Trenholm, Irvine and Burnley continues to provide the best tools for both instructors and students to succeed in their introductory financial accounting class. It helps students understand the purpose and use of financial accounting, whether they plan to become accountants or whether they simply need it for their personal life or career. The book's unique, balanced procedural and conceptual (user-oriented) approach, proven pedagogy and breadth of problem material has made Financial Accounting the most popular introductory text in Canada. This hands-on text, paired with a powerful online teaching and learning environment offers students a practical set of tools for use in making business decisions based on financial information. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Accounting Principles Roger H. Hermanson, James Don Edwards, Michael W. Maher, 2018-02-16 Accounting Principles: A Business Perspective uses annual reports of real companies to illustrate many of the accounting concepts in use in business today. Gaining an understanding of accounting terminology and concepts, however, is not enough to ensure your success. You also need to be able to find information on the Internet, analyze various business situations, work effectively as a member of a team, and communicate your ideas clearly. Accounting Principles: A Business Perspective will give you an understanding of how to use accounting information to analyze business performance and make business decisions. The text takes a business perspective. We use the annual reports of real companies to illustrate many of the accounting concepts. You are familiar with many of the companies we use, such as The Limited, The Home Depot, and Coca-Cola Company. Gaining an understanding of accounting terminology and concepts, however, is not enough to ensure your success. You also need to be able to find information on the Internet, analyze various business situations, work effectively as a member of a team, and communicate your ideas clearly. This text was developed to help you develop these skills. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: The Banking Industry Guide: Key Insights for Investment Professionals Ryan C. Fuhrmann, 2017 |
| formula for purchases in accounting: FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCOUNTING FOR CPT P. MOHANA RAO, 2012-05-18 This book develops conceptual understanding of the fundamentals of financial accounting which play a crucial role in laying the foundation of commerce and accountancy courses in general and CPT in particular. Dexterously organized to suit the requirements of CPT aspirants, the text presents a step by step analysis of the basic concepts of accountancy in a comprehensive but in an easy-to-grasp manner. The text begins with discussing the meaning and scope of accounting and moves on by elaborating on different accounting standards, policies and the procedures followed in accounting. It also discusses ledger, trial balance, cash book and bills of exchange or promissory notes in the subsequent chapters. Apart from discussing the various types of accounts, such as partnership accounts and company accounts, this text explains debentures and inventories in a simple and lucid style. Specifically meant for the prospective examinees of the Common Proficiency Test (CPT), conducted by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), this text should also prove valuable to undergraduate students of commerce and management. SALIENT FEATURES Provides bird’s eye view in each chapter for a quick understanding of the concept Includes keywords and summary at the end of each chapter Incorporates Multiple Choice Questions with their answers useful for CPT Provides model test papers, objective type questions and subject in nutshell in Appendices. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: How to Read a Balance Sheet International Labour Office, J. J. H. Halsall, 1966 |
| formula for purchases in accounting: The Latte Factor David Bach, John David Mann, 2019-05-07 INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES, USA TODAY, WALL STREET JOURNAL, AND INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER Discover #1 New York Times bestselling author David Bach’s three secrets to financial freedom in an engaging story that will show you that you are richer than you think. Drawing on the author’s experiences teaching millions of people around the world to live a rich life, this fast, easy listen reveals how anyone—from millennials to baby boomers—can still make his or her dreams come true. In this compelling, heartwarming parable, Bach and his bestselling coauthor John David Mann (The Go-Giver) tell the story of Zoey, a twenty-something woman living and working in New York City. Like many young professionals, Zoey is struggling to make ends meet under a growing burden of credit card and student loan debt, working crazy hours at her dream job but still not earning enough to provide a comfortable financial cushion. At her boss’s suggestion, she makes friends with Henry, the elderly barista at her favorite Brooklyn coffee shop. Henry soon reveals his “Three Secrets to Financial Freedom,” ideas Zoey dismisses at first but whose true power she ultimately comes to appreciate. Over the course of a single week, Zoey discovers that she already earns enough to secure her financial future and realize her truest dreams—all she has to do is make a few easy shifts in her everyday routine. The Latte Factor demystifies the secrets to achieving financial freedom, inspiring you to realize that it’s never too late to reach for your dreams. By following the simple, proven path that Henry shows Zoey, anyone can make small changes today that will have big impact for a lifetime, proving once again that “David Bach is the financial expert to listen to when you’re intimidated by your finances” (Tony Robbins, #1 New York Times bestselling author of Money: Master the Game). |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Accounting Kenneth W. Boyd, Kate Mooney, 2015-03-27 Get up to speed quickly—review and practice major concepts in accounting! Whether you're looking to improve your classroom experience, or simply become more familiar with accounting concepts, 1,001 Accounting Practice Problems For Dummies is the hands-on tool you need to get a step ahead. The book's practice questions and review content go hand-in-hand with the content offered in Accounting For Dummies, ensuring that you have a working knowledge of the most important concepts and skills in accounting. This practical resource gives you access to tons of helpful online content, including practice problems in multiple-choice format, and customizable practice sets for self-directed study, all available on the go through your smartphone, laptop, or tablet. Practice problems are categorized as easy, medium, or hard, so you can build your knowledge at your own pace. A perfect companion for anyone looking to increase their accounting skills, this book has the added benefit of offering review and practice useful for individuals looking to pass their accounting courses and lay the groundwork for an accounting career. Filled with practice questions, review content, tips, and explanations for anyone interested in accounting principles Includes tons of online practice content, such as multiple choice questions and customizable practice sets, all available with purchase of the book Ideal for individuals looking to pass an accounting class or start a career in accounting Serves as an excellent companion resource to Accounting For Dummies Packed with endless practice opportunities, 1,001 Accounting Practice Problems For Dummies has everything you need to jumpstart your journey into accounting and financial documentation. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Accountants' Guidebook Steven M. Bragg, 2017-03-26 The accountant is responsible for many activities, which may require years of training and experience to fully comprehend. The Accountants' Guidebook provides a practical knowledge of how to complete many accounting tasks, while also imparting an understanding of the more critical accounting standards. The book is intended to accelerate the learning curve of the professional accountant. Topics covered include accounting procedures, GAAP for common transactions, closing the books, producing financial statements and other reports, collection tactics, payroll management, budgeting, and much more. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Business Ratios and Formulas Steven M. Bragg, 2010-12-30 Required reading for anyone starting, running, or growing a business, Business Ratios and Formulas, Second Edition puts answers at the fingertips of business managers, with nearly 250 operational criteria and clear, easy-to-understand explanations that can be used right away. The Second Edition includes approximately fifty new ratios and formulas, as well as new chapters covering ratios and formulas for e-commerce and human resources. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Fair Value Measurements International Accounting Standards Board, 2006 |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Bookkeeping Kit For Dummies Lita Epstein, 2012-01-09 The easy way to get a handle on bookkeeping Accurate and complete bookkeeping is crucial to any business owner, but it's also important to those who work with the business, such as investors, financial institutions, and employees. Bookkeeping For Dummies provides the easy and painless way to master this critical skill. You'll get clear and concise information on keeping track of transactions, figuring out balance sheets, keeping ledgers or journals, creating financial statements, and operating accounts for businesses, along with practices and examples to hone your skills. Plus, the bonus CD includes samples of bookkeeping forms, working papers, letters, resources, and spreadsheets. Keeping track of transactions Figuring out the balance sheet Keeping a ledger and journal Creating financial statements Operating accounts for businesses Recognizing assets and liabilities Up-to-date tax information Changes in small business regulations Additional and complementary examples Demonstration problems True/false and multiple-choice questions and scenarios Whether you're a professional or a student looking to expand your skills, Bookkeeping Kit For Dummies is a one-stop resource for anyone interested in this ever-growing occupation. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: The National Public Accountant , 1973 |
| formula for purchases in accounting: A Tea Reader Katrina Avila Munichiello, 2017-03-21 A Tea Reader contains a selection of stories that cover the spectrum of life. This anthology shares the ways that tea has changed lives through personal, intimate stories. Read of deep family moments, conquered heartbreak, and peace found in the face of loss. A Tea Reader includes stories from all types of tea people: people brought up in the tea tradition, those newly discovering it, classic writings from long-ago tea lovers and those making tea a career. Together these tales create a new image of a tea drinker. They show that tea is not simply something you drink, but it also provides quiet moments for making important decisions, a catalyst for conversation, and the energy we sometimes need to operate in our lives. The stories found in A Tea Reader cover the spectrum of life, such as the development of new friendships, beginning new careers, taking dream journeys, and essentially sharing the deep moments of life with friends and families. Whether you are a tea lover or not, here you will discover stories that speak to you and inspire you. Sit down, grab a cup, and read on. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: The Ultimate Accountants' Reference Steven M. Bragg, 2010-01-28 A wide-ranging source of information for the practicing accountant, The Ultimate Accountants' Reference, Third Edition covers accounting regulations for all aspects of financial statements, accounting management reports, and management of the accounting department, including best practices, control systems, and the fast close. It also addresses financing options, pension plans, and taxation options. The perfect daily answer book, accountants and accounting managers will turn to The Ultimate Accountants’ Reference, Third Edition time and again for answers to the largest possible number of accounting issues that are likely to arise. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: The Essential Accounting Dictionary Kate Mooney, 2008-06-01 The Essential Accounting Dictionary is an up-to-date, authorative reference, containing over 3,000 entries explaining the most commonly used accounting terms in clear, concise, easy-to-understand language. This book focuses on defining the term that people today are most likely to encounter when dealing with accounting. Whether you want a better understanding of financial statements, investment reports, or taxes, or you want to communicate better as you operate your small business or have an edge in your accounting class, this handy reference will help you understand the precise meaning of any accounting term. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Advanced Accounts Vol-2 S C Gupta, 2008 FOR B.COM (HONS.) EXAMS , C.A. (FOUNDATION ) C.A. (INTER.) C.A. (FINAL) , C.S.(FOUNDATION , C.S. (INTER.) N& OTHER SIMILAR EXAMINATIONS . |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Accounting Principles Jerry J. Weygandt, Paul D. Kimmel, Jill E. Mitchell, 2024-04-16 Accounting Principles, 15th Edition by Jerry Weygandt, Paul Kimmel, and Jill Mitchell provides a practical introduction to introductory accounting from the sole proprietor perspective with a hands-on, active learning experience to improve student understanding, retention, and engagement. Students work through integrated practice at the point of learning with real-world connections and high-quality assessment, ensuring they learn concepts more efficiently and understand the why and how of accounting application. In addition, Accounting Principles, 15th Edition includes a variety of hands-on activities and resources that enhance practical learning and key skills, including running cases, various data analytics assignments, and coverage of leading industry topics. These resources help develop critical thinking and business decision-making skills, preparing students for future job success no matter what path they take. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Intermediate Accounting Donald E. Kieso, Jerry J. Weygandt, Terry D. Warfield, 2010-10-04 Due to the emergence of IFRS as the required convention for reporting to stock exchanges in the European Union and other important markets, accountants must gain a strong understanding of these standards. Intermediate Accounting integrates this new information throughout the chapters so they’ll learn how to apply the new global accounting standards. Global examples are presented to clearly show how the information is utilized in the field. The use of various currencies is also explored, which is critical for accountants to know in today’s global businesses environment. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: CIMA Fundamentals of Financial Accounting BPP Learning Media, 2012-11-30 BPP Learning Media provides the widest range of study materials of any CIMA publisher. Our comprehensive printed materials highlight the areas to focus on for your exams, and our e-Learning products complement the syllabus to improve your understanding. |
| formula for purchases in accounting: American Business Accounting Edwin E. Jones, Ernest W. Ludlow, James M. Hayden, Samuel Robertson Winchell, 1925 |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Wiley CPA Exam Review 2008 O. Ray Whittington, Patrick R. Delaney, 2007-12-04 Completely revised for the new computerized CPA Exam Published annually, this comprehensive, four-volume study guide for the Certified Public Accountants (CPA) Exam arms readers with detailed outlines and study guidelines, plus skill-building problems and solutions that help them to identify, focus, and master the specific topics that need the most work. Many of the practice questions are taken from previous exams, and care is taken to ensure that they cover all the information candidates need to pass the CPA Exam. Broken down into four volumes-Regulation, Auditing and Attestation, Financial Accounting and Reporting, and Business Environment and Concepts-these top CPA Exam review study guides worldwide provide: More than 2,700 practice questions Complete information on the new simulation questions A unique modular structure that divides content into self-contained study modules AICPA content requirements and three times as many examples as other study guides |
| formula for purchases in accounting: Railway Accounting Procedure Railway Accounting Officers Association, 1928 Beginning with the edition of 1926, there is a bibliography compiled by the Bureau of Railway Economics, Washington, D.C. |
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