Francis Galton Contribution To Psychology

  francis galton contribution to psychology: A Life of Sir Francis Galton Nicholas Wright Gillham, 2001-11-01 Few scientists have made lasting contributions to as many fields as Francis Galton. He was an important African explorer, travel writer, and geographer. He was the meteorologist who discovered the anticyclone, a pioneer in using fingerprints to identify individuals, the inventor of regression and correlation analysis in statistics, and the founder of the eugenics movement. Now, Nicholas Gillham paints an engaging portrait of this Victorian polymath. The book traces Galton's ancestry (he was the grandson of Erasmus Darwin and the cousin of Charles Darwin), upbringing, training as a medical apprentice, and experience as a Cambridge undergraduate. It recounts in colorful detail Galton's adventures as leader of his own expedition in Namibia. Darwin was always a strong influence on his cousin and a turning point in Galton's life was the publication of the Origin of Species. Thereafter, Galton devoted most of his life to human heredity, using then novel methods such as pedigree analysis and twin studies to argue that talent and character were inherited and that humans could be selectively bred to enhance these qualities. To this end, he founded the eugenics movement which rapidly gained momentum early in the last century. After Galton's death, however, eugenics took a more sinister path, as in the United States, where by 1913 sixteen states had involuntary sterilization laws, and in Germany, where the goal of racial purity was pushed to its horrific limit in the final solution. Galton himself, Gillham writes, would have been appalled by the extremes to which eugenics was carried. Here then is a vibrant biography of a remarkable scientist as well as a superb portrait of science in the Victorian era.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: English Men of Science Francis Galton, 2018-12-07 This edition first published in 1970. Francis Galton has been honoured as the founder of biostatics and one of the creators of modern psychology. His principal aim was to establish a body of statistical knowledge about mental heredity which would result in a new pattern of behaviour for society. The relationship between outstanding men had led him to conclude that mental traits are inherited, and that an ideal society would take advantage of this fact. In this particular work, which he termed a Natural History of the English Men of Science of the present day, he examined at great length the antecedents, environment, education and hereditary features of the most prominent men of science in order to establish certain laws relating to heredity. It is a landmark in the transition from introspective to objective methods in biological and psychological research, and the author’s statistical, nonanecdotal approach was to prove immensely fruitful for the development of psychology. Indeed the questionnaire included in the work is probably the earliest in existence. As Professor Cowan points out in her introduction, historians as well as scientists intent upon a deeper understanding of the Victorian mind will find much of interest in this remarkable book.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Hereditary Genius Sir Francis Galton, 1870
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Hereditary Genius Francis Galton, 1879
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Sir Francis Galton, FRS Milo Keynes, 1993-07-20 '...this is a splendid, first-class book, the definitive book on Francis Galton and his legacy. The editing has been superb...The timing of its publication is excellent in relation to the increasing interest in human genetics in all areas of the biological and behavioural sciences'.R.Plomin, Distinguished Professor and Director, Center for Development and Health Genetics, Pennsylvania State University Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911), a grandson of Erasmus Darwin, was one of the most versatile men of his time. In his twenties he won fame as an explorer. He worked at the prediction of weather, and described his discovery of the anticyclone He first became an anthropologist in 1862 when he joined the Ethnological Society. He initiated anthropometry and the measurement of human variation, and the use of photography for the analysis of differencies, or individual characteristics, in a group. He recognised the uniqueness of Finger Prints, and, in 1875, first used the records of pairs of identical twins in his researches into the laws of heredity. Besides contributions to human genetics, Galton devised the correlation coefficient, and was thus concerned with the advancement of statistics. In 1883, he coined the word eugenics by which he meant 'good in birth' and 'noble in heredity', and, in 1904, he founded the Galton Laboratory at University College, London. He was first President of the Eugenics Education Society in 1907.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Extreme Measures Martin Brookes, 2004 A lively and unorthodox biography of one of the Victorian age's most eccentric and prolific scientific minds.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Inquiries Into Human Faculty and Its Development Francis Galton, 2020-07-28 Reproduction of the original: Inquiries Into Human Faculty and Its Development by Francis Galton
  francis galton contribution to psychology: The Wisdom of Crowds James Surowiecki, 2005-08-16 In this fascinating book, New Yorker business columnist James Surowiecki explores a deceptively simple idea: Large groups of people are smarter than an elite few, no matter how brilliant—better at solving problems, fostering innovation, coming to wise decisions, even predicting the future. With boundless erudition and in delightfully clear prose, Surowiecki ranges across fields as diverse as popular culture, psychology, ant biology, behavioral economics, artificial intelligence, military history, and politics to show how this simple idea offers important lessons for how we live our lives, select our leaders, run our companies, and think about our world.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Reasoned and Unreasoned Images Josh Ellenbogen, 2012 Examines three projects in late nineteenth-century scientific photography: the endeavors of Alphonse Bertillon, Francis Galton, and Etienne-Jules Marey. Develops new theoretical perspectives on the history of photographic technology, as well as the history of scientific imaging more generally--
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Inquiries Into Human Faculty and Its Development Francis Galton, 1883 The word Eugenics first appears in this book. Also, in this book, Galton shows mathematically the results of his experiments on the relations between the powers of visual imagery and of abstract thought.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Francis Galton Michael Bulmer, 2004-12-01 If not for the work of his half cousin Francis Galton, Charles Darwin's evolutionary theory might have met a somewhat different fate. In particular, with no direct evidence of natural selection and no convincing theory of heredity to explain it, Darwin needed a mathematical explanation of variability and heredity. Galton's work in biometry—the application of statistical methods to the biological sciences—laid the foundations for precisely that. This book offers readers a compelling portrait of Galton as the father of biometry, tracing the development of his ideas and his accomplishments, and placing them in their scientific context. Though Michael Bulmer introduces readers to the curious facts of Galton's life—as an explorer, as a polymath and member of the Victorian intellectual aristocracy, and as a proponent of eugenics—his chief concern is with Galton's pioneering studies of heredity, in the course of which he invented the statistical tools of regression and correlation. Bulmer describes Galton's early ambitions and experiments—his investigations of problems of evolutionary importance (such as the evolution of gregariousness and the function of sex), and his movement from the development of a physiological theory to a purely statistical theory of heredity, based on the properties of the normal distribution. This work, culminating in the law of ancestral heredity, also put Galton at the heart of the bitter conflict between the ancestrians and the Mendelians after the rediscovery of Mendelism in 1900. A graceful writer and an expert biometrician, Bulmer details the eventual triumph of biometrical methods in the history of quantitative genetics based on Mendelian principles, which underpins our understanding of evolution today.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Hereditary Character and Talent: As Found Originally in Macmillan's Magazine in 1865 Francis Galton, 2018-11-05 A half-cousin of Charles Darwin, Francis Galton argued that if physical attributes could be subjected to Darwinian principles of selection, 'mental qualities' could be as well. This edition is based on Galton's influential essay published in MacMillan's Magazine, in 1865.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Memories of My Life Francis Galton, 1908 ... hardly any other living Englishman can point to so great an amount of truly scientific work applied to some of the fundamental problems of human welfare. -G.E. Gehlke, Political Science Quarterly (1910) In Memories of My Life (1908), Sir Francis Galton provided a detailed autobiography that starts with a description of his family of origin (he was a cousin of Charles Darwin), tells about his childhood, his education, and then describes each of his travels. Chapters are also devoted to his major scientific interests, including eugenics, which he regarded as a problem that might require state control. This autobiography offers a compelling insight into the life of one of the 19th century's leading scientists.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Finger Prints Francis Galton, 1892 I should say that one of the inducements to making these inquiries into personal identification has been to discover independent features suitable for hereditary investigation. -Sir Francis Galton, Personal Identification and Description (1889) In Finger Prints (1907), Sir Francis Galton described the research he did related to the use of fingerprints for identification. Through this work, he validated a theory first proposed by Sir Willliam Herschel and gave the use of fingerprinting a scientific validity that laid the groundwork for its use in criminal investigations. This edition of his book contains minor revisions the author made to the original 1883 publication.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: The Oxford Handbook of the History of Psychology: Global Perspectives David B. Baker, 2012 The science and practice of psychology has evolved around the world on different trajectories and timelines, yet with a convergence on the recognition of the need for a human science that can confront the challenges facing the world today. Few would argue that the standard narrative of the history of psychology has emphasized European and American traditions over others, but in today's global culture, there is a greater need in psychology for international understanding. This volume describes the historical development of psychology in countries throughout the world. Contributors provide narratives that examine the political and socioeconomic forces that have shaped their nations' psychologies. Each unique story adds another element to our understanding of the history of psychology. The chapters in this volume remind us that there are unique contexts and circumstances that influence the ways in which the science and practice of psychology are assimilated into our daily lives. Making these contexts and circumstances explicit through historical research and writing provides some promise of greater international insight, as well as a better understanding of the human condition.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Great Psychologists and Their Times Dean Keith Simonton, 2002-01-01 Chapters are rich in examples drawn from the lives and careers of nota ble psychologists, examining such issues as birth order, psychopatholo gy, and intellectual precocity. Of particular interest are chapters ex ploring what aspects of the sociocultural context are most conducive t o the emergence of illustrious psychologists and how these sociocultur al conditions-including political events, economic disturbances, or cu ltural values-affect not only the magnitude of achievement but also th e very nature of that achievement. The findings reviewed lead to sugge stions about how best to educate and train both undergraduate psycholo gy majors and graduate students in psychology. This book will be a use ful resource for all psychologists, scientists, and historians who are willing to ponder the provocative overlap between psychology, science, and history.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: The Art of Travel; Or, Shifts and Contrivances Available in Wild Countries Francis Galton, 1855
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Fighting for the Good Cause Gerald Sweeney, 2001 Sir Francis Galton was an influential mentor for the educational psychologists who supplied crucial doctrine to American eugenics from 1903 to 1930. Yet the nature of his influence has never been specified. The psychologists' own claim as to the Galton's contribution -- that he provided sufficient justification for their absolutist hereditarianism -- was clearly disingenuous. Rather, he appears to have functioned as a model for these figures, who were informed by their perceptions of Galton's ulterior purposes in constructing eugenics as he did. Any of various features in the 45-year-long course of that development could have encouraged these particular legatees to appreciate both Galton and his product as surreptitious stanchers of democracy.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Psychological Testing Robert J. Gregory, 2014-05-16 Establishes a solid foundation of knowledge about psychological testing Psychological testing impacts virtually every corner of modern life, from education to vocation to remediation. Psychological Testing: History, Principles, and Applications, 7/e, covers all variations of testing and explores social issues testing raises. This program provides readers extensive knowledge about the characteristics, objectives, and wide-ranging effects of psychological testing.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Pioneers of Psychology Raymond E. Fancher, Alexandra Rutherford, 2012 Brings the history of psychology to life.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Natural Inheritance Francis Galton, 1894
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Defining Difference Andrew S. Winston, 2004-01 This text brings together scholarship on the history of psychology and race. Throughout the history of the field, psychological discourse has been shaped by social concerns, and its discourse on race is no exception. Psychologists have promoted and fought against racism and a nuanced historical account requires analysis of both dimensions. The contributors seek to understand the relationship between the changes in the field and broader social change by mapping the changing discourse for defining difference through race. ideas of race in the work of 19th-century and 20th-century psychologists; psychological discourse on topics such as mixed-race people; political uses of racial research; changes in textbook presentations of race and intelligence; and international perspectives on psychology and race. The contibutors also examine the prominence and persistence of American research on racial differences in intelligence as well as the work of Kenneth Clark and Horace Mann Bond in combatting racism in science and society. This volume aims to increase readers' understanding of the link between racial studies and social attitudes in our time, and aims to provide a comprehensive examination of that link through history.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Narrative of an Explorer in Tropical South Africa Francis Galton, 1889
  francis galton contribution to psychology: English Men of Science Sir Francis Galton, 1895
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology Gregory A. Kimble, Michael Wertheimer, 2014-04-08 This third volume in a series devoted to luminaries in the history of psychology--features chapter authors who are themselves highly visible and eminent scholars. They provide glimpses of the giants who shaped modern cognitive and behavioral science, and shed new light on their contributions and personalities, often with a touch of humor or whimsy and with fresh personal insights. The animated style, carefully selected details, and lively perspective make the people, ideas, and controversies in the history of psychology come alive. The fields touched on in this and other volumes cover all of the subfields of psychology. As such, all volumes of Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology will be of interest to psychologists, as well as scholars in related fields. The resourceful teacher could use a selection of chapters as supplementary readings to enhance almost any course in the discipline. The major purpose of these books is to provide source materials for students and their teachers in undergraduate and graduate courses in the history of psychology. Each of the five volumes in this series contains different profiles thereby bringing more than 100 of the pioneers in psychology more vividly to life.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Genetics in the Madhouse Theodore M. Porter, 2020-07-14 In the early 1800s, a century before there was any concept of the gene, physicians in insane asylums began to record causes of madness in their admission books. Almost from the beginning, they pointed to heredity as the most important of these causes. As doctors and state officials steadily lost faith in the capacity of asylum care to stem the terrible increase of insanity, they began emphasizing the need to curb the reproduction of the insane. They became obsessed with identifying weak or tainted families and anticipating the outcomes of their marriages. Genetics in the Madhouse is the untold story of how the collection and sorting of hereditary data in mental hospitals, schools for 'feebleminded' children, and prisons gave rise to a new science of human heredity. In this compelling book, Theodore Porter draws on untapped archival evidence from across Europe and North America to bring to light the hidden history behind modern genetics. He looks at the institutional use of pedigree charts, censuses of mental illness, medical-social surveys, and other data techniques--innovative quantitative practices that were worked out in the madhouse long before the manipulation of DNA became possible in the lab. Porter argues that asylum doctors developed many of the ideologies and methods of what would come to be known as eugenics, and deepens our appreciation of the moral issues at stake in data work conducted on the border of subjectivity and science. A bold rethinking of asylum work, Genetics in the Madhouse shows how heredity was a human science as well as a medical and biological one--Jacket.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: The Origin and Growth of the Moral Instinct Alexander Sutherland, 1898
  francis galton contribution to psychology: The Germ-plasm August Weismann, 1893
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Narrative of an Explorer in Tropical South Africa Francis Galton, 2011
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Intelligence, Heredity and Environment Robert J. Sternberg, Elena L. Grigorenko, 1997-01-28 This book discusses the nature - nurture debate as it relates to human intelligence.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Sir Francis Galton and the Study of Heredity in the Nineteenth Century Ruth Schwartz Cowan, 1985
  francis galton contribution to psychology: The Early Years of Industrial and Organizational Psychology Andrew J. Vinchur, 2018-11-08 Provides a comprehensive history of the early years of industrial and organizational psychology from an international perspective. A valuable resource for undergraduate and graduate students, I-O psychologists, practitioners, and historians of science.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: The Psychological Clinic Lightner Witmer, 1919 Vols. 1-12 include section Reviews and criticism.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Nature, Nurture, & Psychology G. E. McClearn, Robert Plomin, 1993 [This book] offers a past and present view of nature-nurture research and identifies directions for the future of this emerging field. Top investigators summarize current findings in the most promising research domains: cognitive abilities and disabilities, the development of personality and temperament, and psychopathology. Leading environmentalists and behavioral geneticists explore the relationship between nature and nurture and propose new theories that encompass both concepts. The volume reveals why nature as well as nurture is playing an increasingly important role in research and theory in psychology. 'Nature, Nurture, and Psychology is an indispensible work for anyone interested in the genetic and environmental origins of individual differences in psychology.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: A History of Modern Psychology Duane Schultz, 2013-10-02 A History of Modern Psychology, 3rd Edition discusses the development and decline of schools of thought in modern psychology. The book presents the continuing refinement of the tools, techniques, and methods of psychology in order to achieve increased precision and objectivity. Chapters focus on relevant topics such as the role of history in understanding the diversity and divisiveness of contemporary psychology; the impact of physics on the cognitive revolution and humanistic psychology; the influence of mechanism on Descartes's thinking; and the evolution of the third force, humanistic psychology. Undergraduate students of psychology and related fields will find the book invaluable in their pursuit of knowledge.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: The Art of Travel Francis Galton, 2023-11-22 Reprint of the original, first published in 1856.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Mathematical Contributions to the Theory of Evolution Karl Pearson, 1904
  francis galton contribution to psychology: The Great Mental Models, Volume 1 Shane Parrish, Rhiannon Beaubien, 2024-10-15 Discover the essential thinking tools you’ve been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast. This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results. Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity. This book will teach you how to: Avoid blind spots when looking at problems. Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Classical and Modern Regression with Applications Raymond H. Myers, 1990 Regression analysis is a vitally important statistical tool, with major advancements made by both practical data analysts and statistical theorists. In CLASSICAL AND MODERN REGRESSION WITH APPLICATIONS, Second Edition, Raymond H. Myers provides a solid foundation in classical regression, while introducing modern techniques. Throughout the text, a broad spectrum of applications are included from the physical sciences, engineering, biology, management, and economics.
  francis galton contribution to psychology: Inquiries Into Human Faculty and Its Development Sir Francis Galton, 2023-10-01 Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development by Sir Francis Galton: This book is a study of human ability and intelligence, exploring topics such as hereditary and environmental factors in intellectual development, different types of intelligence, and the role of education in shaping intelligence. The book is considered one of the earliest examples of work in the field of psychometrics, which seeks to measure human mental ability through standardized tests. Key Aspects of the Book Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development: Psychometrics: The book is a foundational work on the subject of psychometrics, which seeks to measure human mental ability through standardized tests and other means. Intelligence and Ability: The book explores the factors that contribute to intellectual development and the different types of intelligence that exist in humans. Scientific Method: Galton's work is significant for its application of scientific methods and statistical analysis to the study of human ability and intelligence. Sir Francis Galton was an English scientist and polymath in the nineteenth century. Known for his contributions to a variety of fields, including psychology, genetics, and statistics, Galton is often considered one of the founders of human intelligence testing. In addition to Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development, Galton's other notable works include Hereditary Genius and The Art of Travel.
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1. Francis Galton: The 1st Modern Attempt (late 1800s) Intelligence tests are grounded in the work of Francis Galton in the late 19th century. Galton is considered to be the father of the study of …

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common with most early scientists, Galton had wide interests-from meteor­ ology to mental imagery-but he is best known as the founder of eugenics. This last interest led him to follow Shakespeare …

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Biographical origins of Francis Galton's psychology Raymond E. Fancher,1983 Fighting for the Good Cause. Gerald Sweeney,2001 Sir Francis Galton was an influential mentor for the educational …

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contact with Francis Galton, whose methods and ideals Cattell specially admired. They inspired much of his own work in individual differences and in the study of distinguished men that was so …

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especially those of Darwin’s half-cousin Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911). Spearman acknowledged Galton as having the greatest influence on his own activity in psychology. In recent years, the …

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F. R. Weldon and Francis Galton, be-ginning an extensive series of mathe-matical and statistical investigations into inheritance -and evolution. Knowl-edge in this field up to now was mainly …

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Hereditary Genius Francis Galton,1869 A Life of Sir Francis Galton Nicholas W. Gillham,2001 This vivid biography of the father of eugenics is also a superb portrait of science in the Victorian era …

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cousin, Francis Galton (1822-1911), launched this approach to the study of the genetics of human behavior. The prodigious Galton explored the inher-itance of intelligence, developed new …

A QUARTERLY REVIEW - Galton
PSYCHOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY. I.—STATISTICS OF MENTAL IMAGEEY. An outline is given in the following memoir of some of the earlier results of an inquiry which I am still prosecuting, and a …

Multiple Intelligences Go to School - JSTOR
manes, 1892). Francis Galton (cousin of Charles Darwin) was perhaps the first psychologically oriented scientist to try to measure the intellect directly. Though Galton (1870) had a theoretical …

Synthesis and separation in the history of ‘nature’ and ‘nurture.’
For much of the 20th century scientific psychology treated the relative contributions of nature and nurture to the development of phenotypes as the result of two quite separate sources of ... in …

Sir Francis Galton Psychology (2024) - crm.hilltimes.com
Sir Francis Galton Psychology: Hereditary Genius Sir Francis Galton,1870 English Men of Science Francis Galton,2018-12-07 This edition first published in 1970 Francis Galton has been honoured …

The Nature and Nurture of Rectangles - galton.org
Psychology (1984) is emphatic. ‘As an analogy, consider the question ... the formula A = a b disentangles their contribution to the area at once. If we had no formula we might not disentangle …

Sir Francis Galton Psychology [PDF] - crm.hilltimes.com
Hereditary Genius Francis Galton,1869 A Life of Sir Francis Galton Nicholas W. Gillham,2001 This vivid biography of the father of eugenics is also a superb portrait of science in the Victorian era …

Sir Francis Galton Psychology (Download Only)
Sir Francis Galton Psychology: Hereditary Genius Francis Galton,1869 A Life of Sir Francis Galton Nicholas Wright Gillham,2001-11-01 Few scientists have made lasting contributions to as many …

unit13 i ssues anD DeBates in PsyChology* - eGyanKosh
PsyChology* structure 13.0 Introduction 13.1 Nature and Nurture 13.1.1 Nature 13.1.2 Nurture 13.1.3 Nativism versus Empiricism ... francis galton, the pioneer of studying individual differences in …

Sir Francis Galton's Contribution to Anthropology - JSTOR
SIR FRANCIS GALTON S CONTRIBUTION TO ANTHROPOLOGY 83 pass unnoticed, but which are often of the first importance to the student of the different branches of anthropological …

Charles Darwin Contribution To Psychology
The main types of tests. • The 10 most common tests. psychometrics?: Clinical versus ac. Francis Galton. • Modern psychometrics dates to Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911), Charles Darwin’s …

Sir Francis Galton Psychology (Download Only)
Sir Francis Galton Psychology: Hereditary Genius Sir Francis Galton,1870 English Men of Science Francis Galton,2018-12-07 This edition first published in 1970 Francis Galton has been honoured …

Sir Francis Galton Psychology (Download Only)
Sir Francis Galton Psychology: Hereditary Genius Sir Francis Galton,1870 A Life of Sir Francis Galton Nicholas W. Gillham,2001 This vivid biography of the father of eugenics is also a superb portrait …