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| gc method for ethanol analysis: Food Analysis Laboratory Manual S. Suzanne Nielsen, 2010-03-20 This second edition laboratory manual was written to accompany Food Analysis, Fourth Edition, ISBN 978-1-4419-1477-4, by the same author. The 21 laboratory exercises in the manual cover 20 of the 32 chapters in the textbook. Many of the laboratory exercises have multiple sections to cover several methods of analysis for a particular food component of characteristic. Most of the laboratory exercises include the following: introduction, reading assignment, objective, principle of method, chemicals, reagents, precautions and waste disposal, supplies, equipment, procedure, data and calculations, questions, and references. This laboratory manual is ideal for the laboratory portion of undergraduate courses in food analysis. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Static Headspace-Gas Chromatography Bruno Kolb, Leslie S. Ettre, 2006-04-20 STATIC HEADSPACE-GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY THE ONLY REFERENCE TO PROVIDE BOTH CURRENT AND THOROUGH COVERAGE OF THIS IMPORTANT ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE Static headspace-gas chromatography (HS-GC) is an indispensable technique for analyzing volatile organic compounds, enabling the analyst to assay a variety of sample matrices while avoiding the costly and time-consuming preparation involved with traditional GC. Static Headspace-Gas Chromatography: Theory and Practice has long been the only reference to provide in-depth coverage of this method of analysis. The Second Edition has been thoroughly updated to reflect the most recent developments and practices, and also includes coverage of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and the purge-and-trap technique. Chapters cover: Principles of static and dynamic headspace analysis, including the evolution of HS-GC methods and regulatory methods using static HS-GC Basic theory of headspace analysis—physicochemical relationships, sensitivity, and the principles of multiple headspace extraction HS-GC techniques—vials, cleaning, caps, sample volume, enrichment, and cryogenic techniques Sample handling Cryogenic HS-GC Method development in HS-GC Nonequilibrium static headspace analysis Determination of physicochemical functions such as vapor pressures, activity coefficients, and more Comprehensive and focused, Static Headspace-Gas Chromatography, Second Edition provides an excellent resource to help the reader achieve optimal chromatographic results. Practical examples with original data help readers to master determinations in a wide variety of areas, such as forensic, environmental, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Commercial Applications of Ionic Liquids Mark B. Shiflett, 2020-02-14 This book provides an overview of the current and emerging industrial applications of ionic liquids, covering the core processes, the practical implementation and technical challenges involved, and exploring potential future directions for research and development. The introductory chapter describes the unique physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids, and illustrates the vast potential for application of these materials across the industrial landscape. Following this, individual chapters written by leading figures from industry and academia address specific processes and products, such as the development of a new chloroaluminate ionic liquid as an alkylation catalyst and a new class of capillary gas chromatography (GC) columns with stationary phases based on ionic liquids. Over the past twenty years, ionic liquids have moved from being considered as mere academic curiosities to having genuine applications in fields as wide-ranging as biotechnology, biorefineries, catalysis, pharmaceuticals, renewable fuels, and sustainable energy. This book highlights several commercial products and processes that use or will soon be using ionic liquids. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Modern Practice of Gas Chromatography Robert L. Grob, PhD, Eugene F. Barry, 2004-08-04 The bible of gas chromatography-offering everything the professional and the novice need to know about running, maintaining, and interpreting the results from GC Analytical chemists, technicians, and scientists in allied disciplines have come to regard Modern Practice of Gas Chomatography as the standard reference in gas chromatography. In addition to serving as an invaluable reference for the experienced practitioner, this bestselling work provides the beginner with a solid understanding of gas chromatographic theory and basic techniques. This new Fourth Edition incorporates the most recent developments in the field, including entirely new chapters on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS); optimization of separations and computer assistance; high speed or fast gas chromatography; mobile phase requirements: gas system requirements and sample preparation techniques; qualitative and quantitative analysis by GC; updated information on detectors; validation and QA/QC of chromatographic methods; and useful hints for good gas chromatography. As in previous editions, contributing authors have been chosen for their expertise and active participation in their respective areas. Modern Practice of Gas Chromatography, Fourth Edition presents a well-rounded and comprehensive overview of the current state of this important technology, providing a practical reference that will greatly appeal to both experienced chomatographers and novices. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Wine Analysis and Production Bruce Zoecklein, Kenneth C. Fugelsang, Barry H. Gump, Fred S. Nury, 2013-11-09 Winemaking as a form of food preseIVation is as old as civilization. Wine has been an integral component of people's daily diet since its discovery and has also played an important role in the development of society, reli gion, and culture. We are currently drinking the best wines ever produced. We are able to do this because of our increased understanding of grape growing, biochemistry and microbiology of fermentation, our use of ad vanced technology in production, and our ability to measure the various major and minor components that comprise this fascinating beverage. Historically, winemakers succeeded with slow but gradual improvements brought about by combinations of folklore, obseIVation, and luck. How ever, they also had monumental failures resulting in the necessity to dis pose of wine or convert it into distilled spirits or vinegar. It was assumed that even the most marginally drinkable wines could be marketed. This is not the case for modern producers. The costs of grapes, the technology used in production, oak barrels, corks, bottling equipment, etc. , have in creased dramatically and continue to rise. Consumers are now accustomed to supplies of inexpensive and high-quality varietals and blends; they con tinue to demand better. Modern winemakers now rely on basic science and xvi Preface xvii the systematic application of their art to produce products pleasing to the increasingly knowledgeable consumer base that enjoys wine as part of its civilized society. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Practical Gas Chromatography Katja Dettmer-Wilde, Werner Engewald, 2014-11-05 Gas chromatography continues to be one of the most widely used analytical techniques, since its applications today expand into fields such as biomarker research or metabolomics. This new practical textbook enables the reader to make full use of gas chromatography. Essential fundamentals and their implications for the practical work at the instrument are provided, as well as details on the instrumentation such as inlet systems, columns and detectors. Specialized techniques from all aspects of GC are introduced ranging from sample preparation, solvent-free injection techniques, and pyrolysis GC, to separation including fast GC and comprehensive GCxGC and finally detection, such as GC-MS and element-specific detection. Various fields of application such as enantiomer, food, flavor and fragrance analysis, physicochemical measurements, forensic toxicology, and clinical analysis are discussed as well as cutting-edge application in metabolomics is covered. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Gas Chromatography Peter Kusch, 2019-09-04 Gas chromatography (GC) is one of the most important types of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing chemical organic compounds. Today, gas chromatography is one of the most widespread investigation methods of instrumental analysis. This technique is used in the laboratories of chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries, in research institutes, and also in clinical, environmental, and food and beverage analysis. This book is the outcome of contributions by experts in the field of gas chromatography and includes a short history of gas chromatography, an overview of derivatization methods and sample preparation techniques, a comprehensive study on pyrazole mass spectrometric fragmentation, and a GC/MS/MS method for the determination and quantification of pesticide residues in grape samples. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Basic Gas Chromatography Harold M. McNair, James M. Miller, 2011-09-20 The New Edition of the Well-Regarded Handbook on Gas Chromatography Since the publication of the highly successful first edition of Basic Gas Chromatography, the practice of chromatography has undergone several notable developments. Basic Gas Chromatography, Second Edition covers the latest in the field, giving readers the most up-to-date guide available, while maintaining the first edition's practical, applied approach to the subject and its accessibility to a wide range of readers. The text provides comprehensive coverage of basic topics in the field, such as stationary phases, packed columns and inlets, capillary columns and inlets, detectors, and qualitative and quantitative analysis. At the same time, the coverage also features key additions and updated topics including: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Sampling methods Multidimensional gas chromatography Fast gas chromatography Gas chromatography analysis of nonvolatile compounds Inverse gas chromatography and pyrolysis gas chromatography Along with these new and updated topics, the references, resources, and Web sites in Basic Gas Chromatography have been revised to reflect the state of the field. Concise and fundamental in its coverage, Basic Gas Chromatography, Second Edition remains the standard handbook for everyone from undergraduates studying analytical chemistry to working industrial chemists. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Principles of Forensic Toxicology Barry Levine, 2003 |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Essential Oils and Aromatic Plants A. Baerheim Svendsen, J.J.C. Scheffer, 2012-12-06 Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Essential Oils |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Analysis of Drugs of Abuse Rabi A. Musah, 2018-07-05 This volume features a comprehensive set of protocols featuring a range of both old and new technologies that can be used to analyze drugs of abuse, including prescription drugs, new psychoactive substances and psychoactive plants. Chapters guide readers through the application of color tests, light microscopy-based particle imaging, GC-MS, Raman spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis, ultra-high performance LC-tandem MS, DART-MS, MALDI-mass spectrometry imaging, LC-MS/MS and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS to the analysis of abused drugs in wastewater, hair, urine and plant-derived materials, among other matrices. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Analysis of Drugs of Abuse aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Handbook of Indigenous Fermented Foods, Revised and Expanded Keith Steinkraus, 2018-05-04 This work offers comprehensive, authoritative coverage of current information on indigenous fermented foods of the world, classifying fermentation according to type. This edition provides both new and expanded data on the antiquity and role of fermented foods in human life, fermentations involving an alkaline reaction, tempe and meat substitutes, amazake and kombucha, and more.;College or university bookstores may order five or more copies at a special student price which is available on request from Marcel Dekker, Inc. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Sample Preparation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry Somenath Mitra, 2004-04-07 The importance of accurate sample preparation techniques cannot be overstated--meticulous sample preparation is essential. Often overlooked, it is the midway point where the analytes from the sample matrix are transformed so they are suitable for analysis. Even the best analytical techniques cannot rectify problems generated by sloppy sample pretreatment. Devoted entirely to teaching and reinforcing these necessary pretreatment steps, Sample Preparation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry addresses diverse aspects of this important measurement step. These include: * State-of-the-art extraction techniques for organic and inorganic analytes * Sample preparation in biological measurements * Sample pretreatment in microscopy * Surface enhancement as a sample preparation tool in Raman and IR spectroscopy * Sample concentration and clean-up methods * Quality control steps Designed to serve as a text in an undergraduate or graduate level curriculum, Sample Preparation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry also provides an invaluable reference tool for analytical chemists in the chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, environmental, and materials sciences. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Lipid Oxidation Edwin N. Frankel, 2014-01-23 In this second edition, Edwin Frankel has updated and extended his now well-known book Lipid oxidation which has come to be regarded as the standard work on the subject since the publication of the first edition seven years previously. His main objective is to develop the background necessary for a better understanding of what factors should be considered, and what methods and lipid systems should be employed, to achieve suitable evaluation and control of lipid oxidation in complex foods and biological systems. The oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids is one of the most fundamental reactions in lipid chemistry. When unsaturated lipids are exposed to air, the complex, volatile oxidation compounds that are formed cause rancidity. This decreases the quality of foods that contain natural lipid components as well as foods in which oils are used as ingredients. Furthermore, products of lipid oxidation have been implicated in many vital biological reactions, and evidence has accumulated to show that free radicals and reactive oxygen species participate in tissue injuries and in degenerative disease. Although there have been many significant advances in this challenging field, many important problems remain unsolved. This second edition of Lipid oxidation follows the example of the first edition in offering a summary of the many unsolved problems that need further research. The need to understand lipid oxidation is greater than ever with the increased interest in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, the reformulation of oils to avoid hydrogenation and trans fatty acids, and the enormous attention given to natural phenolic antioxidants, including flavonoids and other phytochemicals. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: GC Inlets Matthew S. Klee, 1990-02-01 |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Advances in Gas Chromatography Xinghua Guo, 2014-02-26 For decades gas chromatography has been and will remain an irreplaceable analytical technique in many research areas for both quantitative analysis and qualitative characterization/identification, which is still supplementary with HPLC. This book highlights a few areas where significant advances have been reported recently and/or a revisit of basic concepts is deserved. It provides an overview of instrumental developments, frontline and modern research as well as practical industrial applications. The topics include GC-based metabolomics in biomedical, plant and microbial research, natural products as well as characterization of aging of synthetic materials and industrial monitoring, which are contributions of several experts from different disciplines. It also contains best hand-on practices of sample preparation (derivatization) and data processing in daily research. This book is recommended to both basic and experienced researchers in gas chromatography. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Handbook of Food Analysis: Physical characterization and nutrient analysis Leo M. L. Nollet, 2004 This two-volume handbook supplies food chemists with essential information on the physical and chemical properties of nutrients, descriptions of analytical techniques, and an assessment of their procedural reliability. The new edition includes two new chapters that spotlight the characterization of water activity and the analysis of inorganic nutrients, and provides authoritative rundowns of analytical techniques for the sensory evaluation of food, amino acids and fatty acids, neutral lipids and phospholipids, and more. The leading reference work on the analysis of food, this edition covers new topics and techniques and reflects the very latest data and methodological advances in all chapters. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Polysaccharides Kishan Gopal Ramawat, Jean-Michel Mérillon, 2015-07-21 This authoritative reference work presents comprehensive information about one of the most important and most wide-spread classes of (bio)organic compounds: the polysaccharides. The comprehensive and thoroughly up-to-date handbook presents the sources, identification, analysis, biosynthesis, biotechnology and applications of important polysaccharides likes starches, cellulose, chitin, gum and microbial polysaccharides. Polysaccharides can exhibit complex structure and various functional activities. These bio macromolecules can therefore serve as raw materials for various different materials, e.g. rayon, cellulose acetate, celluloid and nitrocellulose; and they find multiple applications, for instance as surgical threads (chitin), as sources of energy, dietary fibers, as blood flow adjuvants, in cosmetics, emulsion stabilizers, film formers, binders, viscosity increasing agents or skin conditioning agenta, as food additives in gums, chewing gum bases and as vaccines. Polysaccharides form the basis for useful products, like xanthan gum, dextran, welan gum, gellan gum, diutan gum and pullulan. Some of the polysaccharide-derived products have interesting and useful properties and show biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anti-mutagenic, radioprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-ulcer, antidepressant, anti-septicaemic or anti-inflammatory activities. All these applications and properties of polysaccharides are for the first time compiled in a thorough and comprehensive overview in the present work. This reference work is organized thematically in four parts: Part I. Polysaccharides: Occurrence, Structure, Distribution and Biotechnology. Part II. Methods. Part III. Bioactive Polysaccharides. Part IV. Polysaccharides as Food. This reference work is edited by experienced experts, all chapters are written by well recognized international specialists. It is useful to all those working in the field of botany, phytochemistry, pharmacy, drug delivery, molecular biology, metabolomics, forestry, environment, conservation, biotechnology and NGOs working for forest protection. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water , 1990 |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Analytical and Physical Electrochemistry Hubert H. Girault, 2004-10-25 The study of electrochemistry is pertinent to a wide variety of fields, including bioenergetics, environmental sciences, and engineering sciences. In addition, electrochemistry plays a fundamental role in specific applications as diverse as the conversion and storage of energy and the sequencing of DNA. Intended both as a basic course for un |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Analysis of Sterols J. Goad, T. Akihisa, 2012-12-06 Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information on it Samuel Johnson, 18 April, 1775* Sterols are among the most studied groups of natural products with interest commencing in the 19th century and running to the present. Investigations have embraced the refinement of separation procedures, the development of new analytical techniques and instrumentation for structure elucidation, the unravelling of biosynthetic mechanisms, the determination of the physiological functions of sterols, and the role they play in health and disease. In the past 20-30 years interest in the medical implications of sterol biochemistry, studies on the sterols of plants, algae and fungi, and the identification of the many unusual sterols from marine organisms have proceeded in parallel and somewhat independently. Although the motiva tion and goals for the various lines of investigation have differed widely the researchers working in each of these areas have contributed a wealth of knowledge to the literature relating to the analysis of sterols and many diverse new sterols have been discovered. We conceived this book as a modest attempt to bring together some of this literature in the hope that it may be helpful to newcomers to sterol research. We had originally intended to produce a 'handbook' outlining in detail the protocols to be followed for sterol extraction, chromatography, NMR analysis, etc. in order to identify the components of a sterol mixture. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Handbook of Solid Phase Microextraction Janusz Pawliszyn, 2011-12-01 The relatively new technique of solid phase microextraction (SPME) is an important tool to prepare samples both in the lab and on-site. SPME is a green technology because it eliminates organic solvents from analytical laboratory and can be used in environmental, food and fragrance, and forensic and drug analysis. This handbook offers a thorough background of the theory and practical implementation of SPME. SPME protocols are presented outlining each stage of the method and providing useful tips and potential pitfalls. In addition, devices and fiber coatings, automated SPME systems, SPME method development, and In Vivo applications are discussed. This handbook is essential for its discussion of the latest SPME developments as well as its in depth information on the history, theory, and practical application of the method. - Practical application of Solid Phase Microextraction methods including detailed steps - Provides history of extraction methods to better understand the process - Suitable for all levels, from beginning student to experienced practitioner |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water , 1995 |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis James W. Robinson, Eileen M. Skelly Frame, 2004-12-02 Completely rewritten, revised, and updated, this Sixth Edition reflects the latest technologies and applications in spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and chromatography. It illustrates practices and methods specific to each major chemical analytical technique while showcasing innovations and trends currently impacting the field. Many of the |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Citrus Oils Giovanni Dugo, Luigi Mondello, 2010-11-02 World production of citrus fruits is still growing. At present, about 30 percent of that yield is devoted to industrial production, mostly on those essential oils and juices used in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Covering research reported in the literature over the past ten years, this book presents the most current research available |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Hydrocarbon Fuels E. M. Goodger, 1975 |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: The Clinical Toxicology Laboratory Leslie M. Shaw, Tai C. Kwong, 2001 |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Superbases for Organic Synthesis Tsutomu Ishikawa, 2009-01-26 Guanidines, amidines and phosphazenes have been attracting attention in organic synthesis due to their potential functionality resulting from their extremely strong basicity. They are also promising catalysts because of their potential for easy molecular modification, possible recyclability, and reduced or zero toxicity. Importantly, these molecules can be derived as natural products – valuable as scientists move towards “sustainable chemistry”, where reagents and catalysts are derived from biomaterial sources. Superbases for Organic Synthesis is an essential guide to these important molecules for preparative organic synthesis. Topics covered include the following aspects: an introduction to organosuperbases physicochemical properties of organic superbases amidines and guanidines in organic synthesis phosphazene: preparation, reaction and catalytic role polymer-supported organosuperbases application of organosuperbases to total synthesis related organocatalysts: proton sponges and urea derivatives amidines and guanidines in natural products and medicines Superbases for Organic Synthesis is a comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date guide to these important reagents for organic chemists, drug discovery researchers and those interested in the chemistry of natural products. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Clinical Applications of Mass Spectrometry Uttam Garg, Catherine A. Hammett-Stabler, 2009-12-14 As mass spectrometric methods now offer a level of specificity and sensitivity unrealized by spectrophotometric- and immunoassay-based methods, mass spectrometry has entered the clinical laboratory where it is being used for a wide range of applications. In Clinical Applications of Mass Spectrometry: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers provide detailed step-by-step procedures for the analysis of number of analytes of clinical importance. This versatile and expansive volume covers mass spectrometry methods for analytes including a variety of drugs, hormones, and metabolic compounds spanning the disciplines of toxicology, therapeutic drug monitoring, endocrinology, and pediatric metabolism. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include brief introductions to the analytes, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, readily reproducible analytical protocols, and detailed notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and dependable, Clinical Applications of Mass Spectrometry: Methods and Protocols offers its readers a wide array of valuable methods for experienced mass spectrometric labs that are looking to introduce new analyses as well as for those laboratories currently considering the addition of this resourceful and vital technology. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Guide to ASTM Test Methods for the Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants , |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Concepts in Wine Chemistry Yair Margalit, Ph.D., 2014-06-02 More than 150 years after Louis Pasteur attributed fermentation to a living organism, the field of wine microbiology and chemistry is vibrant with discovery. The last decade alone has seen great strides in our understanding of the biochemistry involved in vinification. In this new edition of his classic text, Yair Margalit gives the complete and current picture of the basic and advanced science behind these processes, making the updated Concepts in Wine Chemistry the broadest and most meticulous book on the topic in print. Organized to track the sequence of the winemaking process, chapters cover must and wine composition, fermentation, phenolic compounds, wine oxidation, oak products, sulfur dioxide, cellar processes, and wine defects. Margalit ends with chapters detailing the regulations and legal requirements in the production of wine, and the history of wine chemistry and winemaking practices of old. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: A Comprehensive Guide to the Hazardous Properties of Chemical Substances Pradyot Patnaik, 2007-05-25 The definitive guide to the hazardous properties of chemical compounds Correlating chemical structure with toxicity to humans and the environment, and the chemical structure of compounds to their hazardous properties, A Comprehensive Guide to the Hazardous Properties of Chemical Substances, Third Edition allows users to assess the toxicity of a substance even when no experimental data exists. Thus, it bridges the gap between hazardous materials and chemistry. Extensively updated and expanded, this reference: Examines organics, metals and inorganics, industrial solvents, common gases, particulates, explosives, and radioactive substances, covering everything from toxicity and carcinogenicity to flammability and explosive reactivity to handling and disposal practices Arranges hazardous chemical substances according to their chemical structures and functional groups for easy reference Includes updated information on the toxic, flammable, and explosive properties of chemical substances Covers additional metals in the chapters on toxic and reactive metals Updates the threshold exposure limits in the workplace air for a number of substances Features the latest information on industrial solvents and toxic and flammable gases Includes numerous tables, formulas, and a glossary for quick reference Because it provides information that enables those with a chemistry background to perform assessments without prior data, this comprehensive reference appeals to chemists, chemical engineers, toxicologists, and forensic scientists, as well as industrial hygienists, occupational physicians, Hazmat professionals, and others in related fields. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assays H. Gerhard Vogel, Jochen Maas, Franz J. Hock, Dieter Mayer, 2013-02-27 -A landmark in the continuously changing world of drugs -Essential reading for scientists and managers in the pharmaceutical industry involved in drug finding, drug development and decision making in the development process -Of use for government institutions and committees working on official guidelines for drug evaluation worldwide |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Techniques to Measure Food Safety and Quality Mohidus Samad Khan, Mohammad Shafiur Rahman, 2021-09-22 This book addresses the basic understanding of food contaminants and their sources, followed by the techniques to measure food safety and quality. It is divided into four parts: Part A - sources of contaminants in foods, their associated health risks, and integrated management and alternative options to minimize contaminants; Part B - Technological assessment of conventional methods and selected advanced methods for the detection, identification and enumeration of microbial contaminates; Part C - Technological assessment of different chemical measurements techniques; and Part D – Technological assessment of different instrumental techniques to assess sensory properties of foods. Food safety is a growing concern due to the increase in food-borne illnesses caused by food adulteration, excessive use of pesticides, use of chemical preservatives and artificial fruit ripening agents, microbial contaminations, and improper food handling. Chemical contaminants in food could be transferred from environmental or agrochemical sources, personal care products, and other by-products of water disinfects. In addition, microbial food safety can be threatened due to the presence of many pathogens, such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Clostridium botulinum, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Globally, strict regulations are imposed to limit the potential contaminants in foods. Development of accurate, rapid, and inexpensive approaches to test food contamination and adulteration would be highly valued to ensure global food safety. There are existing processes to ensure safety of food products from chemical and microbial contaminants. Apart from the existing measurement technologies, varieties of new techniques are also being emerged and these could be potential to ensure food safety and quality. In addition to chemical and microbial properties, sensory properties such as texture, mouth feel, flavor, and taste, are among the most important attributes of food products to ensure their acceptability by consumers. Two approaches are available to evaluate sensory properties of food products, namely subjective and objective analyses. The responses are perceived by all five senses: smell, taste, sight, touch, and hearing. The approach used in sensory evaluation varies depending on the types of foods and the ultimate goal of the testing. Sensory attributes are the most important quality parameters after ensuring the safety of foods. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Advanced Gas Chromatography Mustafa Ali Mohd, 2012-03-21 Progress in agricultural, biomedical and industrial applications' is a compilation of recent advances and developments in gas chromatography and its applications. The chapters cover various aspects of applications ranging from basic biological, biomedical applications to industrial applications. Book chapters analyze new developments in chromatographic columns, microextraction techniques, derivatisation techniques and pyrolysis techniques. The book also includes several aspects of basic chromatography techniques and is suitable for both young and advanced chromatographers. It includes some new developments in chromatography such as multidimensional chromatography, inverse chromatography and some discussions on two-dimensional chromatography. The topics covered include analysis of volatiles, toxicants, indoor air, petroleum hydrocarbons, organometallic compounds and natural products. The chapters were written by experts from various fields and clearly assisted by simple diagrams and tables. This book is highly recommended for chemists as well as non-chemists working in gas chromatography. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Vinegars of the World Laura Solieri, Paolo Giudici, 2009-08-29 Vinegars can be considered as acidic products of special importance for the enri- ment of our diet, and resulting from the desired or controlled oxidation of ethanol containing (liquid) substrates. The traditional use and integration of vinegars in numerous cultures can be traced back to ancient times. In fact, the cultural heritage of virtually every civilization includes one or more vinegars made by the souring action (of micro-organisms) following alcoholic fermentation. It has been do- mented that the Egyptians, Sumerians and Babylonians had experience and tech- cal knowledge in making vinegar from barley and any kind of fruit. Vinegar was very popular both in ancient Greece and Rome, where it was used in food prepa- tions and as remedy against a great number of diseases. In Asia, the first records about vinegar date back to the Zhou Dynasty (1027-221 BC) and probably China’s ancient rice wines may have originally been derived from fruit, for which (malted) rice was substituted later. The historical and geographical success of vinegars is mainly due to the low technology required for their production, and to the fact that several kinds of raw materials rich in sugars may easily be processed to give vinegar. In addition, vi- gars are well-known and accepted as safe and stable commodities that can be c- sumed as beverages, health drinks or added to food as preservatives or as flavo- ing agents. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Microdiffusion Analysis and Volumetric Error Edward Joseph Conway, 1963 CONTENTS - I. INTRODUCTORY - PART I - APPARATUS AND PRINCIPLES USED IN MICRODIFFUSION ANALYSIS - II. A STANDARD MICRO DIFFUSION APPARATUS OR 'UNIT' - III. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ABSORPTION RATE FROM OUTER TO INNER CHAMBER WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AMMONIA - IV. GENERAL PRINCIPLES GOVERNING THE ABSORPTION TIME IN MICRO DIFFUSION ANALYSIS - V. PIPETTES (SUITABLE FOR USE WITH THE STANDARD UNITS) AND THEIR DELIVERY ERRORS - VI. MICRO-BURETTES (SUITABLE FOR USE WITH THE STANDARD UNITS) AND ERRORS INVOLVED IN THEIR USE - VII. THE MICRODIFFUSION METHOD WITH END-POINT VOLUMES AROUND 20 CUBIC MILLIMETRES - VII. COLORIMETRY IN THE MICRODIFFUSION METHODS - PART II - DESCRIPTION OF METHODS WITH THE STANDARD UNITS - A. VOLATILE BASES - Aa. Ammonia Group - IX. AMMONIA. GENERAL METHOD USING STANDARD ACID AS ABSORBENT - X. AMMONIA. GENERAL METHOD (USING THE BORIC-HCL PROCEDURE) - XI. SPECIAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE RATE OF AMMONIA ABSORPTION - XII. OTHER METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE ABSORBED AMMONIA IN THE MICRO DIFFUSION PROCEDURE - XIII. AMMONIA. BIOLOGICAL DETERMINATIONS - XIV. TOTAL NITROGEN (OVER 100 µg N). - XV. TOTAL NITROGEN (UNDER 100 µg N) FURTHER PROCEDURE - XVI. TOTAL NITROGEN (1 TO 0·1 µg N) - XVII. UREA (BLOOD AND URINE) - XVIII. UREA IN TISSUES - XIX. ADENOSINETRIPHOSPHORIC ACID, ADENYLIC ACID, ADENOSINE, ETC. - XX. NITRATE, NITRITE AND AMIDE NITROGEN - XXI. AMIDES (continued). GLUTAMINE - XXII. MONOAMINE OXIDASE AND HISTAMINASE IN TISSUES - Ab. Amine Group - XXIII. DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE AMINES - B. VOLATILE ACIDS - Ba. The Carbon Dioxide Group - XXIV. CARBONATES AND BICARBONATE - XXV. BLOOD GLUCOSE AND FERMENTABLE SUGAR IN NORMAL URINE - XXVI. DETERMINATION OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE - XXVII. OXIDATION RATES OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES WITH A STANDARD OXIDANT WITH APPLICATION TO DETERMINATION OF MINUTE AMOUNTS OF CALCIUM AS OXALATE - Bb. 1 Volatile Fatty Acids - XXVIII. ACETIC ACID AND OTHER LOWER FATTY ACIDS - XXIX. ASSAY OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE - Bc. Volatile Weak Inorganic Acids and Phenols - XXX. CYANIDE, AZIDE, SULPHIDE, PHENOLS - C. VOLATILE ALCOHOLS - XXXI. METHANOL AND ISOPROPANOL GROUP - XXXII. ETHANOL - XXXIII. ETHANOL FROM URETHANE - D. VOLATILE ALDEHYDES - Da. Formaldehyde Group XXXIV. FORMALDEHYDE - XXXV. FORMALDEHYDOGENIC STEROIDS (PERIODIC ACID AS OXIDANT) - XXXVI. FORMALDEHYDOGENIC STEROIDS (SODIUM BISMUTHATE AS OXIDANT) - XXXVII. GLYCINE (FORMALDEHYDE PRODUCED BY NINHYDRIN OXIDATION) - Db. Acetaldehyde Group XXXVIII. ACETALDEHYDE (SEMICARBAZIDE ABSORPTION) - XXXIX. ACETALDEHYDE FROM LACTIC ACID AND THREONINE WITH BISULPHITE ABSORPTION - E. VOLATILE KETONES - XL. ACETONE (INCLUDING A RAPID CLINICAL METHOD USING THE NESSLER SOLUTION) - F. VARIOUS VOLATILE OXIDISING AND REDUCING SUBSTANCES - Fa. The Halogens - XLI. THE HALOGENS (INTRODUCTORY) - XLII. CHLORIDE (BY OXIDATION TO CHLORINE AND ABSORPTION INTO IODIDE) - XLIII. CHLORIDE (BY OXIDATION TO CHLORINE AND ABSORPTION INTO FAST GREEN) - XLIV. BROMIDE - XLV. IODIDES AND HALOGEN MIXTURES - XLVI. SERIAL DETERMINATION OF ORGANICALLY BOUND HALOGEN - XLVII. VOLATILE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS (CHLOROFORM, TRICHLORETHYLENE AND CARBON TETRACHLORIDE) - Fb. Carbon Monoxide - XLVIII. CARBON MONOXIDE - XLIX. A RAPID CLINICAL METHOD FOR CARBON MONOXIDE DETERMINATION - G. VOLATILE SUBSTANCES OF TOXICOLOGICAL INTEREST - L. FELDSTEIN AND KLENDSHOJ'S SYSTEM FOR THE DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE POISONS BY MICRODIFFUSION - H. OTHER MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS OF THE MICRODIFFUSION PRINCIPLE - LI. TOTAL MOLECULAR CONCENTRATION IN FLUID SAMPLES OF ABOUT 3-4 MILLIGRAMS - LII. SEPARATION OF CRYSTALS AND' GUMS' BY MICRODIFFUSION - QUALITATIVE MICRO-DIFFUSION ANALYSIS - LIII. SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON QUALITATIVE MICRO-DIFFUSION ANALYSIS - PART III - THE ERROR OF VOLUMETRIC TITRATION - LIV. INTRODUCTORY - LV. THE VARIABLE GLASS ERROR - LVI. THE TOTAL VARIABLE GLASS ERROR AND ITS CONTROL - LVII. THE VARIABLE CHEMICAL ERROR IN TITRATION - LVIII. THE RATIONALE OF MICRO TITRATION - LIX. THE CONSTANT GLASS ERROR - LX. THE CONSTANT CHEMICAL ERROR - LXI. VOLUMETRIC ERROR IN KJELDAHL NITROGEN ANALYSES - LXIII. UREA EXCRETION AS RENAL FUNCTION TEST - REFERENCES - INDEX OF SUBJECTS - |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Tandem Mass Spectrometry Ana Varela Coelho, Catarina De Matos Ferraz Franco, 2013-05-29 Tandem Mass Spectrometry - Molecular Characterization presents a comprehensive coverage of theory, instrumentation and description of experimental strategies and MS/MS data interpretation for the structural characterization of relevant molecular compounds. The areas covered include the analysis of drugs, metabolites, carbohydrates and protein post-translational modifications. The book series in Tandem Mass Spectrometry serves multiple groups of audiences; professional (academic and industry), graduate students and general readers interested in the use of modern mass spectrometry in solving critical questions of chemical and biological sciences. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Principles and Applications of Gas Chromatography in Food Analysis Michael H. Gordon, 2013-03-08 The food analyst plays an important role in modern society. Stricter control over additives in food and concern about the effects of contamination of food by industrial and agricultural chemicals are among the developments which are leading to an increasing emphasis on detailed and accurate analysis of food. However. analysis of food is required for many reasons, including detection of toxic components, monitoring legislation, detecting adulteration, formulation of controlled diets, controlling formulation during product development and detecting changes in food during storage and processing. Foods comprise a complex mixture of components and food analysis requires efficient methods of separation with high sensitivity or specificity of detection. Although many food components are involatile or thermally labile and therefore not suitable for analysis by gas chromatography, other components are volatile and this technique is the preferred analytical method. Developments in methods of derivati zation, injector design and column technology have also extended the applicability of gas chromatography to the analysis of relatively involatile compounds. |
| gc method for ethanol analysis: Wine Analysis and Production Bruce Zoecklein, Kenneth C. Fugelsang, Barry H. Gump, Fred S. Nury, 1995-12-31 This accessible volume provides practical information on wine analysis and production. It covers the full range of techniques, from quick screening assays to wet chemical and instrumentation analysis, as well as interpretation of results. Emphasizing a step-by-step approach to procedures, the authors: - examine analyses commonly performed in the United States, Europe and Australia: - discuss viticultural considerations as they relate to winemakeing as well as sensory evaluation and the importance of each anolyte in the spectrum of winery operations: - present new procedures including 'quick' qualitative tests for the presence of various constituents: - explore updated information on sensory evaluation of wines, use of enzymes in winemaking, health aspects and more, and - offer a chapter featuring laboratory procedures, listed alphabetically and extensively cross-referenced. International in scope, Wine Analysis and Production is essential for winemakers and laboratory personnel worldwide. Students of enology will find it an incomparable resource. |
GC-FID for the Analysis of Ethanol and Propylene Glycol in …
May 9, 2019 · The objective of this method is to determine the alcohol by volume (% ABV) and propylene glycol by volume (% v/v) of liquid nonbeverage samples using GC-FID. This method …
G315A Analysis of Ethanol in Liquors Using NexisTM GC-2030
Analysis of Ethanol in Liquors Using Nexis GC-2030 LAAN-A-GC-E080A The Japanese National Tax Agency (NTA) prescribes analytical methods for ethanol in liquors, which are official …
Gas Chromatography: Principles and Determination of Percent …
In this experiment you will apply gas chromatography to the separation of a water-ethanol mixture. This method is often used in the determination of alcohol (i.e. ethanol) in blood or urine. One …
Determination of Ethanol and Isopropanol - Shimadzu
We developed a GC FID method to accurately quantify ethanol and IPA concentrations in two hand sanitizer samples. By using nitrogen as the carrier gas, this method is cost-effective and …
VALIDATION OF A GC/HS METHOD FOR ETHANOL …
The aim of our study was to develop and validate a new gas chromatographic (GC) method coupled with headspace (HS) for ethanol quantitative analysis using tert-butanol as internal …
Analysis of Alcohols and Aromatics in Gasoline and Fuel …
Analysis of Alcohols and Aromatics in Gasoline and Fuel Ethanol by a Two-Dimensional GC Method. Oxygenated compounds such as alcohols and ethers are blended into reformulated …
A static headspace GC‐MS/MS method for the determination …
May 2, 2017 · headspace gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS) analysis with detection limits of 28 nM for ethanol and 9 nM for each butanol isomer. …
Blood Analysis for Ethyl Alcohol By Headspace Gas …
This procedure outlines a simple method for the detection and quantitation of ethanol in blood samples by “Headspace” gas chromatographic procedure. Static headspace
A rapid method for determination of ethanol in alcoholic …
A simple and rapid method was developed to determine ethanol content in alcoholic beverages using megapore polar column (CP- Wax 58 CB, 30 m ¥ 0.53 mm) with direct injection gas …
Headspace GC-MS Determination of Ethanol in Nonbeverage …
The newly developed static headspace GC-MS method for quantitation of ethanol in NBA products has been demonstrated to be accurate, precise, robust, and insensitive to the sample …
How to Prepare GC and HPLC Standards - Sartorius
Here, we show that applying the right pipetting technique when preparing ethanol standards generates reproducible results with GC. Standard solutions are the backbone for accurate …
Comprehensive Gas Chromatography (GCxGC) Analysis of …
E85 GC Methods ASTM D5501 – Test Method for the Determination of Ethanol Content of Denatured Fuel Ethanol •
A Static Headspace GC–MS Method for the Determination of …
The method described herein can be used to determine the ethanol content in a variety of solid or semi-solid consumer goods (e.g., cakes, ice creams, sauces, powders) and can also be used …
Determination of a robust headspace GC-MS/MS method for …
developed an analysis method to detect ethyl alcohol and other volatile compounds using headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS) and attempted to analyze …
Analysis of Distilled Spirits Using an Agilent 8890 Gas …
This Application Note demonstrates the capability of an Agilent 8890 GC system with an Agilent J&W DB-WAX UI column and hydrogen carrier gas to precisely perform the repeated analysis …
GC Method Development Special - Phenomenex
GC Method Development Special. Optimize GC Column Selection and Save! Column selection tips and guidelines inside. 2. Introducing the Zebron™Experience. Selectivity Has the Biggest …
Analysis of Bio-Ethanol by Gas Chromatography - Agilent
A gas chromatography method has been developed for the analysis of impurities in ethanol bio-fuel. This application note describes a method for the analysis of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon …
Analysis of Organic Acids and Alcohols Using the Agilent J&W …
By combining sufficient cyanopropyl phenyl with a large percentage of methyl polysiloxane, the column allows GC/MS characterization of previously poorly resolved components with isobaric …
Analysis of Some Alcohols, Aldehydes, and Esters in Di…
The Agilent 8860 GC configured with a flame ionization detector (FID) provides high sensitivity, good linearity, and stability for the analysis of alcohols, …
GC-FID for the Analysis of Ethanol and Propylene Gly…
May 9, 2019 · The objective of this method is to determine the alcohol by volume (% ABV) and propylene glycol by volume (% v/v) of liquid …
G315A Analysis of Ethanol in Liquors Using NexisTM G…
Analysis of Ethanol in Liquors Using Nexis GC-2030 LAAN-A-GC-E080A The Japanese National Tax Agency (NTA) prescribes analytical methods for …
Analyzing Alcoholic Beverages by Gas Chromat…
In this guide, we will discuss how GC can be used to (1) monitor alcohol content in alcoholic beverages, (2) determine the volatile profile of a …
Gas Chromatography: Principles and Determinati…
In this experiment you will apply gas chromatography to the separation of a water-ethanol mixture. This method is often used in the determination of …
