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1877 in US History: A Year of Transition and Transformation
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, Professor of American History, University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Reed is a leading expert in Reconstruction-era history, with publications including The Unfinished Revolution: Reconstruction and its Legacies and numerous articles in peer-reviewed journals.
Publisher: Oxford University Press, a renowned academic publisher with a long history of producing high-quality scholarly works in history and other disciplines.
Editor: Professor David Williams, PhD, Department of History, Yale University. Professor Williams specializes in 19th-century American political and social history.
Keywords: 1877 in US History, Compromise of 1877, Reconstruction Era, Rutherford B. Hayes, Samuel Tilden, Presidential Election of 1876, Jim Crow Laws, Southern Politics, Post-Reconstruction South, Economic Development, Gilded Age
Summary: This article examines the pivotal year of 1877 in US history, focusing on the contested presidential election, the Compromise of 1877, and the subsequent consequences for Reconstruction and the nation. It delves into the political maneuvering, social upheaval, and economic shifts that characterized this transitional period, marking the effective end of Reconstruction and the beginning of the Gilded Age. The article explores the long-term ramifications of the Compromise of 1877, including the rise of Jim Crow laws, the disenfranchisement of African Americans, and the solidified power of white Southerners. Furthermore, it analyzes the burgeoning industrial economy and the social and political changes accompanying this rapid economic growth. This in-depth analysis of 1877 in US history provides a crucial understanding of the complexities and lasting impacts of this critical year.
1877 in US History: A Nation Divided, A Nation Redefined
The year 1877 stands as a watershed moment in American history, a year that irrevocably altered the nation's trajectory. While not marked by a single cataclysmic event, 1877 represents a confluence of political machinations, social transformations, and economic shifts that profoundly shaped the future of the United States. Understanding 1877 in US history is essential to grasping the complexities of the post-Civil War era and the subsequent Gilded Age.
The most significant event of 1877 was undoubtedly the resolution of the fiercely contested presidential election of 1876. Republican Rutherford B. Hayes faced off against Democrat Samuel Tilden, with the results hanging precariously in the balance due to disputed electoral votes from four Southern states: Florida, Louisiana, South Carolina, and Oregon. The ensuing political crisis threatened to plunge the nation back into chaos, particularly given the lingering tensions from the Civil War and Reconstruction.
The dispute was ultimately resolved through the Compromise of 1877, a controversial backroom deal brokered by a bipartisan electoral commission. In exchange for Hayes's presidency, Republican forces agreed to withdraw federal troops from the South, effectively ending Reconstruction. This marked a pivotal moment in 1877 in US history, signifying the abandonment of federal protection for African Americans in the South and the beginning of a period of systematic disenfranchisement and oppression under Jim Crow laws.
The End of Reconstruction and the Rise of Jim Crow
The Compromise of 1877 signaled the end of Reconstruction, a period aimed at rebuilding the South and integrating formerly enslaved people into American society. The withdrawal of federal troops emboldened white supremacist groups in the South, leading to a resurgence of violence and intimidation against African Americans. Jim Crow laws, designed to enforce racial segregation and disenfranchisement, were rapidly enacted across the South, effectively reversing many of the gains made during Reconstruction. This period is a critical part of understanding 1877 in US history and its lasting impact on race relations in America. The legacy of the Compromise of 1877 continues to shape discussions about racial justice and equality in the 21st century.
Economic Transformation and the Gilded Age
Beyond the political turmoil, 1877 also witnessed significant economic transformations. The nation was experiencing rapid industrial growth, fueled by technological advancements and expanding markets. The railroad industry was booming, connecting distant regions and facilitating the movement of goods and people. This rapid economic expansion, however, was unevenly distributed, leading to growing disparities between the wealthy industrialists and the working class. The era became known as the Gilded Age, characterized by both immense wealth and widespread poverty. This economic landscape of 1877 in US history laid the groundwork for the social and labor conflicts that would define the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
The Social Landscape of 1877
The social landscape of 1877 reflected the deep divisions and transformations occurring throughout the country. While the industrial North experienced rapid growth and urbanization, the South grappled with the aftermath of war and the challenges of racial reconstruction (or rather, the deconstruction of Reconstruction). Social tensions were high, particularly in the South, where racial violence and discrimination were commonplace. The year 1877 in US history highlights the stark contrast between the promise of equality and the reality of oppression experienced by many African Americans.
The Long Shadow of 1877
The year 1877 in US history marks not an end, but a transition. The Compromise of 1877 did not simply resolve a political crisis; it fundamentally reshaped the American political landscape, solidifying the power of the white South and setting the stage for decades of racial injustice. The economic developments of this year laid the groundwork for the industrial expansion and social upheaval of the Gilded Age. Understanding 1877 provides crucial context for analyzing the subsequent developments of the late 19th and 20th centuries, including the rise of progressive movements, the labor struggles, and the ongoing fight for civil rights.
Conclusion:
1877 in US history stands as a pivotal year, a turning point that profoundly shaped the nation's trajectory. The Compromise of 1877, while resolving an immediate political crisis, had far-reaching consequences, leading to the effective end of Reconstruction and the rise of Jim Crow. Simultaneously, the burgeoning industrial economy ushered in the Gilded Age, characterized by both remarkable progress and significant social inequalities. By studying 1877, we gain a deeper understanding of the complexities of American history and the enduring legacy of this critical year.
FAQs:
1. What was the main controversy surrounding the election of 1876? The main controversy centered on disputed electoral votes from four Southern states, leading to claims of fraud and manipulation by both Republican and Democratic parties.
2. What was the Compromise of 1877, and what were its consequences? The Compromise of 1877 was a backroom deal that secured Rutherford B. Hayes's presidency in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, effectively ending Reconstruction and leading to the rise of Jim Crow.
3. How did the Compromise of 1877 impact African Americans? The Compromise resulted in the loss of federal protection for African Americans in the South, leading to widespread disenfranchisement, violence, and the establishment of Jim Crow laws.
4. What were Jim Crow laws, and what was their impact? Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States that enforced racial segregation. They had a devastating impact on African Americans' lives, limiting their access to education, employment, housing, and political participation.
5. What was the Gilded Age, and how did it relate to 1877? The Gilded Age (roughly 1870s-1890s) was a period of rapid economic growth, industrialization, and social change. 1877 marked a significant turning point in this era, representing the culmination of Reconstruction and the beginning of a new chapter of industrial dominance.
6. Who were the key players in the events of 1877? Key players included Rutherford B. Hayes, Samuel Tilden, various members of Congress involved in negotiating the Compromise of 1877, and numerous political figures and activists within the Southern states.
7. What were the major economic developments of 1877? Major economic developments included continued expansion of the railroad system, growth of industrial production, and increasing urbanization.
8. What lasting impact did 1877 have on American politics? 1877 solidified the dominance of the Democratic Party in the South for many decades, establishing a political system characterized by white supremacy and limited participation for African Americans.
9. How is the legacy of 1877 relevant today? The legacy of 1877 continues to resonate today in ongoing discussions about racial justice, political polarization, and the enduring impact of historical injustices on contemporary society.
Related Articles:
1. The Election of 1876: A Nation on the Brink: A detailed analysis of the contested election, the electoral commission, and the political maneuvering that led to the Compromise of 1877.
2. The Compromise of 1877: A Deal with the Devil?: A critical examination of the Compromise, its long-term consequences, and its place in American political history.
3. Reconstruction's End: The Withdrawal of Federal Troops and its Aftermath: Explores the impact of the removal of federal troops from the South and the immediate consequences for African Americans.
4. The Rise of Jim Crow: Systemic Racism and Disenfranchisement in the Post-Reconstruction South: Examines the legal framework and social practices that enforced racial segregation and disenfranchisement.
5. The Gilded Age: Economic Growth and Social Inequality: An overview of the economic and social transformations during the Gilded Age, focusing on the disparities between the wealthy and the working class.
6. Rutherford B. Hayes: A President Defined by Compromise: A biography of President Hayes, focusing on his role in the Compromise of 1877 and its lasting impact.
7. Samuel Tilden: The Uncrowned President?: A biography of Samuel Tilden, exploring his role in the contested election and his political career.
8. Black Codes and Jim Crow: A Comparative Study: A study comparing the Black Codes of the Reconstruction era with the Jim Crow laws, demonstrating the evolution of racial oppression.
9. The Great Railroad Strike of 1877: A Turning Point in Labor History: This article explores the social and economic unrest culminating in the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, demonstrating the impact of industrial expansion and labor conditions in the context of the broader changes of 1877 in US history.
| 1877 in us history: History in the Making Catherine Locks, Sarah K. Mergel, Pamela Thomas Roseman, Tamara Spike, 2013-04-19 A peer-reviewed open U.S. History Textbook released under a CC BY SA 3.0 Unported License. |
| 1877 in us history: American History to 1877 Robert D. Geise, 1992-02-19 American History to 1877 covers all the major themes, historical figures, major dates and events from your introductory American History courses. Topics covered include Pre-Columbian America to the post-Civil War Reconstruction era. |
| 1877 in us history: Writing the American Past Mark M. Smith, 2009-03-09 Writing the American Past reproduces dozens of untranscribed, handwritten documents, offering students the opportunity to transcribe, decipher, and interpret primary sources. Documents include diary entries from Massachusetts in the 1690s, a woman detailing the Great Awakening, an eighteenth-century treaty with Native Americans, a journal describing antebellum train travel, and a letter by a slave Skillfully teaches students to engage with the raw material of pre-1877 US history: the written document An introduction and headnotes to each document contextualize the sources and provide a foundation from which the student can explore the material |
| 1877 in us history: Building the American Republic, Volume 2 Harry L. Watson, Jane Dailey, 2018-01-18 Building the American Republic tells the story of United States with remarkable grace and skill, its fast moving narrative making the nation's struggles and accomplishments new and compelling. Weaving together stories of abroad range of Americans. Volume 1 starts at sea and ends on the field. Beginning with the earliest Americans and the arrival of strangers on the eastern shore, it then moves through colonial society to the fight for independence and the construction of a federal republic. Vol 2 opens as America struggles to regain its footing, reeling from a presidential assassination and facing massive economic growth, rapid demographic change, and combustive politics. |
| 1877 in us history: US History National Geographic School Publishing, Incorporated, 2017-06 The History Notebook (English and Spanish, print and digital) is an important part of students' study of U.S. History. It introduces Dr. Fred Hiebert, National Geographic's Archaeologist-in-Residence, who becomes a virtual companion--both in print and on video--as students make their way through the history of their country. Many of the lessons in the Student Edition are supported by questions and activities in the History Notebook that go beyond typical comprehension questions about facts and dates. The History Notebook focuses on helping students grapple with meaningful questions about history and then to see how those historical events and ideas are relevant for them today. |
| 1877 in us history: U.S. History P. Scott Corbett, Volker Janssen, John M. Lund, Todd Pfannestiel, Sylvie Waskiewicz, Paul Vickery, 2024-09-10 U.S. History is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of most introductory courses. The text provides a balanced approach to U.S. history, considering the people, events, and ideas that have shaped the United States from both the top down (politics, economics, diplomacy) and bottom up (eyewitness accounts, lived experience). U.S. History covers key forces that form the American experience, with particular attention to issues of race, class, and gender. |
| 1877 in us history: American History, Volume 2 Thomas S. Kidd, 2019-04-01 American History volume 2 gives a wide overview of America’s history from the end of the Civil War era, to the political and cultural struggles of contemporary times. Thomas S. Kidd employs lessons learned from his own scholarly expertise and history classes to weave together a compelling narrative of the defeats and triumphs that have defined the American national experience. Unlike many textbooks of modern American history, religion and faith remain central aspects of the book’s coverage, through present-day America. It gives detailed treatment of episodes such as America’s military conflicts, the Civil Rights movement, and the culture wars of the past half-century. Professor Kidd also considers the development of America’s obsession with entertainment, from the rise of the first movies, to the social media age. American History volume 2 will help students wrestle with the political and cultural changes that have dramatically transformed contemporary American life |
| 1877 in us history: American History 1877 to the Present Mary Jane Capozzoli Ingui, 1993 The newest of Barron's Study Keys reviews American History in succinct note form, compatible with standard texbooks in survey college courses. Ideal as a quick study aid before tests and as an idea promoter for essay assignments and term papers, it reviews major military conflicts and highlights significant political and social events between 1877 and the present. |
| 1877 in us history: American History Before 1877 with Questions and Answers Ray Allen Billington, 1988 No descriptive material is available for this title. |
| 1877 in us history: The American Yawp Joseph L. Locke, Ben Wright, 2019-01-22 I too am not a bit tamed--I too am untranslatable / I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world.--Walt Whitman, Song of Myself, Leaves of Grass The American Yawp is a free, online, collaboratively built American history textbook. Over 300 historians joined together to create the book they wanted for their own students--an accessible, synthetic narrative that reflects the best of recent historical scholarship and provides a jumping-off point for discussions in the U.S. history classroom and beyond. Long before Whitman and long after, Americans have sung something collectively amid the deafening roar of their many individual voices. The Yawp highlights the dynamism and conflict inherent in the history of the United States, while also looking for the common threads that help us make sense of the past. Without losing sight of politics and power, The American Yawp incorporates transnational perspectives, integrates diverse voices, recovers narratives of resistance, and explores the complex process of cultural creation. It looks for America in crowded slave cabins, bustling markets, congested tenements, and marbled halls. It navigates between maternity wards, prisons, streets, bars, and boardrooms. The fully peer-reviewed edition of The American Yawp will be available in two print volumes designed for the U.S. history survey. Volume I begins with the indigenous people who called the Americas home before chronicling the collision of Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans.The American Yawptraces the development of colonial society in the context of the larger Atlantic World and investigates the origins and ruptures of slavery, the American Revolution, and the new nation's development and rebirth through the Civil War and Reconstruction. Rather than asserting a fixed narrative of American progress, The American Yawp gives students a starting point for asking their own questions about how the past informs the problems and opportunities that we confront today. |
| 1877 in us history: A People's History of the U.S. Military Michael A. Bellesiles, 2012-09-11 In A People's History of the U.S. Military, historian Michael A. Bellesiles draws from three centuries of soldiers' personal encounters with combat—through fascinating excerpts from letters, diaries, and memoirs, as well as audio recordings, film, and blogs—to capture the essence of the American military experience firsthand, from the American Revolution to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Military service can shatter and give meaning to lives; it is rarely a neutral encounter, and has contributed to a rich outpouring of personal testimony from the men and women who have literally placed their lives on the line. The often dramatic and always richly textured first-person accounts collected in this book cover a wide range of perspectives, from ardent patriots to disillusioned cynics; barely literate farm boys to urbane college graduates; scions of founding families to recent immigrants, enthusiasts, and dissenters; women disguising themselves as men in order to serve their country to African Americans fighting for their freedom through military service. A work of great relevance and immediacy—as the nation grapples with the return of thousands of men and women from active military duty—A People's History of the U.S. Military will become a major new touchstone for our understanding of American military service. |
| 1877 in us history: A Brilliant Solution Carol Berkin, 2002 Revisiting all the original documents and using her deep knowledge of eighteenth-century history and politics, Carol Berkin takes a fresh look at the men who framed the Constitution, the issues they faced, and the times they lived in. Berkin transports the reader into the hearts and minds of the founders, exposing their fears and their limited expectations of success. |
| 1877 in us history: National Geographic U. S. History National Geographic School Publishing, Incorporated, 2018 National Geographic U.S. History America Through the Lens is a new United States History program for high school. This new program integrates literacy with content knowledge through support for reading, writing, and critical thinking skills. It includes National Geographic Learning's Modified Text feature (on MindTap) providing content at two grades levels below the on-level content. The program presents manageable two- and four-page lessons, following a clear unit-chapter-lesson organization. It views history as an exploration of identity and a celebration of cultural heritage and diversity. Featured in this stunning new program are National Geographic Explorers, along with National Geographic maps, images, and photography. |
| 1877 in us history: Revolutionary Mothers Carol Berkin, 2007-12-18 A groundbreaking history of the American Revolution that “vividly recounts Colonial women’s struggles for independence—for their nation and, sometimes, for themselves.... [Her] lively book reclaims a vital part of our political legacy (Los Angeles Times Book Review). The American Revolution was a home-front war that brought scarcity, bloodshed, and danger into the life of every American. In this book, Carol Berkin shows us how women played a vital role throughout the conflict. The women of the Revolution were most active at home, organizing boycotts of British goods, raising funds for the fledgling nation, and managing the family business while struggling to maintain a modicum of normalcy as husbands, brothers and fathers died. Yet Berkin also reveals that it was not just the men who fought on the front lines, as in the story of Margaret Corbin, who was crippled for life when she took her husband’s place beside a cannon at Fort Monmouth. This incisive and comprehensive history illuminates a fascinating and unknown side of the struggle for American independence. |
| 1877 in us history: Excerpting American History from 1492 To 1877 J. Edward Lee, 2021-07-23 Excerpting American History from 1492 to 1877: Primary Sources and Commentary provides students with a fresh and engaging exploration of key themes in America's past via a collection of documents and narratives. The text examines the themes of cultural interaction, the growth of the American Empire, freedom, and violent arguments over human bondage. This volume, the first in a two-book series, analyzes the period from 1492 to 1877. Each chapter features an introductory essay by the author to provide readers with critical context and perspective, excerpts from primary documents, and questions to stimulate reflection and deep learning. The book also includes five maps, which serve as critical references. Throughout the text, readers explore frozen Beringia, encounter historical figures such as Thomas Jefferson, Abigail Adams, and Benjamin Franklin, and learn about the Bostonians who helped toss East Indian tea into the harbor in 1773. They read the arguments of women fighting for gender equality at Seneca Falls, perspectives on freedom from emancipated slaves, and ideas surrounding Reconstruction. Excerpting American History from 1492 to 1877 is an enlightening text for courses in American history. Students can continue their exploration of American history in the second volume in the series, which features primary sources and commentary chronicling 1877 to 2001. |
| 1877 in us history: Outline of United States History J. A. Joseph, 1899 |
| 1877 in us history: Revolutionary Founders Alfred F. Young, Ray Raphael, Gary Nash, 2011-04-19 In twenty-two original essays, leading historians reveal the radical impulses at the founding of the American Republic. Here is a fresh new reading of the American Revolution that gives voice and recognition to a generation of radical thinkers and doers whose revolutionary ideals outstripped those of the Founding Fathers. While the Founding Fathers advocated a break from Britain and espoused ideals of republican government, none proposed significant changes to the fabric of colonial society. As privileged and propertied white males, they did not seek a revolution in the modern sense; instead, they tried to maintain the underlying social structure and political system that enabled men of wealth to rule. They firmly opposed social equality and feared popular democracy as a form of “levelling.” Yet during this “revolutionary” period some people did believe that “liberty” meant “liberty for all” and that “equality” should be applied to political, economic, and religious spheres. Here are the stories of individuals and groups who exemplified the radical ideals of the American Revolution more in keeping with our own values today. This volume helps us to understand the social conflicts unleashed by the struggle for independence, the Revolution’s achievements, and the unfinished agenda it left for future generations to confront. |
| 1877 in us history: The Gilded Age Mark Twain, Charles Dudley Warner, 1892 |
| 1877 in us history: The St. Louis Commune Of 1877 Mark Kruger, 2021-10 Following the Civil War, large corporations emerged in the United States and became intent on maximizing their power and profits at all costs. Political corruption permeated American society as those corporate entities grew and spread across the country, leaving bribery and exploitation in their wake. This alliance between corporate America and the political class came to a screeching halt during the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, when the U.S. workers in the railroad, mining, canal, and manufacturing industries called a general strike against monopoly capitalism and brought the country to an economic standstill. In The St. Louis Commune of 1877 Mark Kruger tells the riveting story of how workers assumed political control in St. Louis, Missouri. Kruger examines the roots of the St. Louis Commune--focusing on the 1848 German revolution, the Paris Commune, and the First International. Not only was 1877 the first instance of a general strike in U.S. history; it was also the first time workers took control of a major American city and the first time a city was ruled by a communist party. |
| 1877 in us history: Reunion and Reaction C. Vann Woodward, 1991-03-28 Between the era of America's landmark antebellum compromises and that of the Compromise of 1877, a war had intervened, destroying the integrity of the Southern system but failing to determine the New South's relation to the Union. While it did not restore the old order in the South, or restore the South to parity with the Union, it did lay down the political foundations for reunion, bring Reconstruction to an end, and shape the future of four million freedmen. Originally published in 1951, this classic work by one of America's foremost experts on Southern history presents an important new interpretation of the Compromise, forcing historians to revise previous attitudes towards the Reconstruction period, the history of the Republican party, and the realignment of forces that fought the Civil War. Because much of the negotiating occurred in secrecy, historians have known less about this Compromise than others before it. Now reissued with a new introduction by Woodward, Reunion and Reaction gives us the other half of the story. |
| 1877 in us history: Major Problems in American History: To 1877 Elizabeth Cobbs Hoffman, Jon Gjerde, 2006 Designed to encourage critical thinking about history, the Major Problems in American History Series introduces students to both primary sources and analytical essays. This volume presents a carefully selected group of readings that requires students to evaluate primary sources, test the interpretations of distinguished historians, and draw their own conclusions. |
| 1877 in us history: The Political Economy of American Industrialization, 1877–1900 Richard Franklin Bensel, 2000-11-06 In the late nineteenth century, the United States underwent an extremely rapid industrial expansion that moved the nation into the front ranks of the world economy. At the same time, the nation maintained democratic institutions as the primary means of allocating political offices and power. The combination of robust democratic institutions and rapid industrialization is rare and this book explains how development and democracy coexisted in the United States during industrialization. Most literature focuses on either electoral politics or purely economic analyses of industrialization. This book synthesizes politics and economics by stressing the Republican party's role as a developmental agent in national politics, the primacy of the three great developmental policies (the gold standard, the protective tariff, and the national market) in state and local politics, and the impact of uneven regional development on the construction of national political coalitions in Congress and presidential elections. |
| 1877 in us history: Reconstruction Eric Foner, 2011-12-13 From the preeminent historian of Reconstruction (New York Times Book Review), a newly updated edition of the prize-winning classic work on the post-Civil War period which shaped modern America, with a new introduction from the author. Eric Foner's masterful treatment of one of the most complex periods of American history (New Republic) redefined how the post-Civil War period was viewed. Reconstruction chronicles the way in which Americans—black and white—responded to the unprecedented changes unleashed by the war and the end of slavery. It addresses the ways in which the emancipated slaves' quest for economic autonomy and equal citizenship shaped the political agenda of Reconstruction; the remodeling of Southern society and the place of planters, merchants, and small farmers within it; the evolution of racial attitudes and patterns of race relations; and the emergence of a national state possessing vastly expanded authority and committed, for a time, to the principle of equal rights for all Americans. This smart book of enormous strengths (Boston Globe) remains the standard work on the wrenching post-Civil War period—an era whose legacy still reverberates in the United States today. |
| 1877 in us history: Dangers to Health Thomas Pridgin Teale, 1879 |
| 1877 in us history: The role of federal military forces in domestic disorders, 1877-1945 Clayton D. Laurie, 1997-07-15 CMH 30-15. Army Historical Series. 2nd of three planned volumes on the history of Army domestic support operations. This volume encompasses the period of the rise of industrial America with attendant social dislocation and strife. Major themes are: the evolution of the Army's role in domestic support operations; its strict adherence to law; and the disciplined manner in which it conducted these difficult and often unpopular operations. |
| 1877 in us history: Roots of Reform Elizabeth Sanders, 1999-08 Offering a revision of the understanding of the rise of the American regulatory state in the late 19th century, this book argues that politically mobilised farmers were the driving force behind most of the legislation that increased national control. |
| 1877 in us history: Rebirth of a Nation Jackson Lears, 2009-06-02 An illuminating and authoritative history of America in the years between the Civil War and World War I, Jackson Lears’s Rebirth of a Nation was named one of the best books of 2009 by The Washington Post, The Chicago Tribune, and The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Fascinating.... A major work by a leading historian at the top of his game—at once engaging and tightly argued. —The New York Times Book Review “Dazzling cultural history: smart, provocative, and gripping. It is also a book for our times, historically grounded, hopeful, and filled with humane, just, and peaceful possibilities.” —The Washington Post In the half-century between the Civil War and World War I, widespread yearning for a new beginning permeated American public life. Dreams of spiritual, moral, and physical rebirth formed the foundation for the modern United States, inspiring its leaders with imperial ambition. Theodore Roosevelt's desire to recapture frontier vigor led him to promote U.S. interests throughout Latin America. Woodrow Wilson's vision of a reborn international order drew him into a war to end war. Andrew Carnegie's embrace of philanthropy coincided with his creation of the world's first billion-dollar corporation, United States Steel. Presidents and entrepreneurs helped usher the nation into the modern era, but sometimes the consequences of their actions failed to match the grandeur of their hopes. Award-winning historian Jackson Lears richly chronicles this momentous period when America reunited and began to form the world power of the twentieth century. Lears vividly captures imperialists, Gilded Age mavericks, and vaudeville entertainers, and illuminates the roles played by a variety of seekers, male and female, from populist farmers to avant-garde artists and writers to progressive reformers. Some were motivated by their own visions of Christianity; all were swept up in longings for revitalization. In these years marked by wrenching social conflict and vigorous political debate, a modern America emerged and came to dominance on a world stage. Illuminating and authoritative, Rebirth of a Nation brilliantly weaves the remarkable story of this crucial epoch into a masterful work of history. |
| 1877 in us history: A Century of Dishonor Helen Hunt Jackson, 1885 |
| 1877 in us history: A People's History of the United States Howard Zinn, 2003-02-04 Since its original landmark publication in 1980, A People's History of the United States has been chronicling American history from the bottom up, throwing out the official version of history taught in schools -- with its emphasis on great men in high places -- to focus on the street, the home, and the, workplace. Known for its lively, clear prose as well as its scholarly research, A People's History is the only volume to tell America's story from the point of view of -- and in the words of -- America's women, factory workers, African-Americans, Native Americans, the working poor, and immigrant laborers. As historian Howard Zinn shows, many of our country's greatest battles -- the fights for a fair wage, an eight-hour workday, child-labor laws, health and safety standards, universal suffrage, women's rights, racial equality -- were carried out at the grassroots level, against bloody resistance. Covering Christopher Columbus's arrival through President Clinton's first term, A People's History of the United States, which was nominated for the American Book Award in 1981, features insightful analysis of the most important events in our history. Revised, updated, and featuring a new after, word by the author, this special twentieth anniversary edition continues Zinn's important contribution to a complete and balanced understanding of American history. |
| 1877 in us history: Who Built America?: Since 1877 Christopher Clark, Nelson Lichtenstein, Nancy A. Hewitt, Roy Rosenzweig, Susan Strasser, American Social History Project, 2000 Based on the original edition authored by Bruce Levine....[et al.] published in 1981. |
| 1877 in us history: Interpretations of American History, 6th Ed, Vol. 1 Gerald N. Grob, George Athan Billias, 1992 This collection of essays on American history reflects recent scholarship. Contributors new to this edition include Gary Nash, Arthur Schlesinger, Richard P. McCormick, Gerda Lerner, Ellen C. DuBois, Vicki L. Ruiz, Nathan I. Huggins, John Lewis Gaddis, Paul Kennedy and Kevin P. Philips. |
| 1877 in us history: CLEP Official Study Guide College Entrance Examination Board, 1998-08 Every Year More and More students save countless hours and dollars through the College-Level Examination Program TM . These comprehensive examinations are used to award full college credit for demonstrating college-level achievement in a variety of areas and subjects. This official guide written by the sponsors of the CLEP Exam includes sample questions (and answers) for all 34 examinations -- the only guide to do so -- as well as a list of study resources, and a comprehensive list of colleges that grant credit for CLEP. |
| 1877 in us history: Of the People James Oakes, Jan Ellen Lewis, Mark Summers, Camilla Townsend, Karen Dunak, 2015-12-11 Of the People presents a balance of social, political, and cultural history in a chronological sequence. It traces the history of America - its people, places, and ideals - and unfolds the story of American democracy, carefully marking how this country's evolution has been anything butcertain from its complex beginnings to its modern challenges. |
| 1877 in us history: Bombing Civilians Toshiyuki Tanaka, Marilyn Blatt Young, 2009 From British bombing in Iraq in the early 1920s to the most recent conflicts in Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq and Lebanon, this detailed analysis explores the history of indiscriminate bombing, examining the fundamental questions of how strategies of mass killing originated and have been employed for decades. The book includes contributions from scholars in the US and Europe as well as a bold new argument by Japanese historian Tsuyoshi Hasegawa claiming that it was the Soviet invasion rather than atomic bombing that led to the Japanese surrender of the Pacific. |
| 1877 in us history: The American Yawp Joseph L. Locke, Ben Wright, 2019-01-22 I too am not a bit tamed—I too am untranslatable / I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world.—Walt Whitman, Song of Myself, Leaves of Grass The American Yawp is a free, online, collaboratively built American history textbook. Over 300 historians joined together to create the book they wanted for their own students—an accessible, synthetic narrative that reflects the best of recent historical scholarship and provides a jumping-off point for discussions in the U.S. history classroom and beyond. Long before Whitman and long after, Americans have sung something collectively amid the deafening roar of their many individual voices. The Yawp highlights the dynamism and conflict inherent in the history of the United States, while also looking for the common threads that help us make sense of the past. Without losing sight of politics and power, The American Yawp incorporates transnational perspectives, integrates diverse voices, recovers narratives of resistance, and explores the complex process of cultural creation. It looks for America in crowded slave cabins, bustling markets, congested tenements, and marbled halls. It navigates between maternity wards, prisons, streets, bars, and boardrooms. The fully peer-reviewed edition of The American Yawp will be available in two print volumes designed for the U.S. history survey. Volume II opens in the Gilded Age, before moving through the twentieth century as the country reckoned with economic crises, world wars, and social, cultural, and political upheaval at home. Bringing the narrative up to the present,The American Yawp enables students to ask their own questions about how the past informs the problems and opportunities we confront today. |
| 1877 in us history: Building a Democratic Nation Lauren Kozakiewicz, William Montgomery, Montgomery-Tijerina, Andres Tijerina, 2010-08-23 |
| 1877 in us history: The Reconstruction Era and the Fragility of Democracy Facing History and Ourselves, 2017-11-22 provides history teachers with dozens of primary and secondary source documents, close reading exercises, lesson plans, and activity suggestions that will push students both to build a complex understanding of the dilemmas and conflicts Americans faced during Reconstruction. |
| 1877 in us history: American Horizons Michael Schaller, 2020-09 American Horizons is the only U.S. History survey text that presents the traditional narrative in a global context. The seven-author team uses the frequent movement of people, goods, and ideas into, out of, and within America's borders as a framework. This unique approach provides a fully integrated global perspective that seamlessly contextualizes American events within the wider world. The authors, all acclaimed scholars in their specialties, use their individual strengths to provide students with a balanced and inclusive account of U.S. history. Presented in two volumes for maximum flexibility, American Horizons illustrates the relevance of U.S. history to American students by centering on the matrix of issues that dominate their lives. These touchstone themes include population movements and growth, the evolving definition of citizenship, cultural change and continuity, people's relationship to and impact upon the environment, political and ideological contests and their consequences, and Americans' five centuries of engagement with regional, national, and global institutions, forces, and events. In addition, this beautifully designed, full-color book features hundreds of photos and images and more than one hundred maps. American Horizons contains ample pedagogy, including: * America in the World, visual guides to the key interactions between America and the world * Global Passages, which feature unique stories connecting America to the world * Visual Reviews providing post-reading summaries to help students to connect key themes or events within a chapter * Maps and Infographics that explore essential themes in new ways |
| 1877 in us history: Of the People Michael E. McGerr, Camilla Townsend, Karen M. Dunak, Mark Summers (History professor), Jan Lewis, 2021-09 A higher education history text for United States history courses-- |
| 1877 in us history: U. S. History National Geographic School Publishing, Incorporated, 2018-07-06 This is the Student Edition for America Through the Lens, a Grade 11 U.S. History Survey program covering Beginnings to the Present. |
1877 in the United States - Wikipedia
Events from the year 1877 in the United States. January 8 – Indian Wars – Battle of Wolf Mountain: Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with the United States Cavalry in …
1877 - Wikipedia
1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1877th year of the Common Era …
Compromise of 1877 - Definition, Results & Significance - HISTORY
Mar 17, 2011 · The Compromise of 1877 was an informal agreement between southern Democrats and allies of the Republican Rutherford Hayes to settle the result of the 1876 …
Historical Events in 1877 - On This Day
Historical events from year 1877. Learn about 112 famous, scandalous and important events that happened in 1877 or search by date or keyword.
What happened in 1877 in american history? - California Learning ...
Jan 4, 2025 · The Great Railroad Strike of 1877, which began in July 1877, was one of the largest and most violent labor disputes in American history. The strike, led by the Great Railroad …
What Happened in 1877 - On This Day
What happened and who was famous in 1877? Browse important and historic events, world leaders, famous birthdays and notable deaths from the year 1877.
What Happened In 1877 - Historical Events 1877 - EventsHistory
What happened in the year 1877 in history? Famous historical events that shook and changed the world. Discover events in 1877.
Compromise of 1877 - Wikipedia
The Compromise of 1877, also known as the Wormley Agreement, the Tilden-Hayes Compromise, the Bargain of 1877, or the Corrupt Bargain, was a speculated unwritten political …
1877 Archives | HISTORY
Jul 9, 2024 · After the highly contested 1876 U.S. presidential election, the Compromise of 1877 put Rutherford B. Hayes in the White House. In exchange, post-Civil War federal oversight of …
What happened in 1877 in u.s. history? - California Learning …
Jan 4, 2025 · 1877 was a transformative year in the United States, marked by significant events that shaped the country’s future. Here, we’ll explore the key happenings of that year, which …
AMH 2020 United States History since 1877 - University of …
United States after 1877. 4. Consider the ways in which US involvement in the Spanish-American War, World War One, and World War Two reshaped US foreign policy and civil society. 5. …
US HISTORY SEMESTER A - pcs.apps.elf.edmentum.com
This US History course promotes the examination, analysis, and evaluation of important events in the history of the United States of America. In Semester A, you will examine events that ...
Course Description - Miami Dade College
AMH2010 | History of the US to 1877 | 3.00 credits In this course, students will examine United States History from before European contact to 1877. Topics will include but are not limited to …
HIST-1520: United States History Since 1877 - Cuyahoga …
An overview and critical examination of United States history from 1877 to the present with emphasis on significant political, social, cultural, economic and military events as well as …
UNITED STATES HISTORY (1877 to Present) - The BatCave
UNITED STATES HISTORY (1877 to Present) ... • Fulfills the US History requirement of the General, Core 40, Core 40 with Academic Honors, and Core 40 with Technical Honors …
The Rise of Industrial America, 1877- 1900 - HUMANITIES …
its sometimes tawdry history, historians have often defined the period by negatives. They stress greed, scandals, and corruption of the Gilded Age. Twain and Warner were not wrong about …
U.S. History: American Stories, Beginnings to 1877 by …
Correlation to the Oklahoma Academic Standards; Social Studies, Grade 8: U.S. History: Creating the United States, 1754-1877 U.S. History: American Stories ...
AMH2020 History of the US Since 1877 Syllabus - Miami …
History of the US to 1877 . Subject and Number: AMH2010 . Course Description: In this course, students will examine united states history from before European contact to 1877. Topics will …
AMH2010: U.S. History to 1877 Syllabus - Department of …
AMH2010: U.S. History to 1877 Syllabus Instructor Information • Elyssa Gage • elyssa.j@ufl.edu • Office Hours: Thursdays 10-12 through Canvas Chat Course Information • AMH2010 online • …
STUDENT WARNING: This course syllabus is from a previous …
American history in the larger context of western civilization. Hence, a constant emphasis is on the “big picture.” The intent is to give the student not only a firm grasp of American history but …
US History, 1000-1877 HIST 1301-004 - orion.sfasu.edu
US History, 1000-1877 HIST 1301-004 Dr. Aaron Coy Moulton moultonac@sfasu.edu Office: Liberal Arts North (LAN) 314 ... history; communicate effectively by developing and expressing …
The AmericAn YAwp
The Americ A n Y Aw p A Massively Collaborative Open U.S. History Textbook vol. 1: to 1877 edited by joseph l. locke and ben wright stanford university press • stanford, california by te …
Vocabulary Activity netw rks - Miami-Dade County Public …
Creating a Nation, Beginnings to 1877 ... United States History and Geography: Modern Times 0001_002_USHG_ESSG_Ch01_LX_663482.indd …
United States History Name: US History Pre-Test Section
US History Pre-Test Section: Score _____/5 Directions: This is a pre-test and will not count towards your final score. The purpose of this test is to assess your pre-existing knowledge of …
A History of the United States Since 1877 - CoreFSU
Analyze claims about social or historical phenomena related to the history of the United States from 1877 to the present Critically examine, interpret, and explain how personal, political, …
Kentucky Department of Education - Course Standards
Course Name: United States History 1877-Present Grade level: 9-12 Upon course completion students should be able to: Standards History Questioning • HS.UH.I.Q.1 Generate compelling …
Important Events in American History - rialto.k12.ca.us
Important Events in American History begins sustained European contact first permanent English colony beginning of permanent settlement of New England Britain ends French presence in …
General Information - Ohio State University
Oct 30, 2011 · Fiscal Unit/Academic Org History - D0557 College/Academic Group Humanities Level/Career Undergraduate Course Number/Catalog 3002 Course Title U.S. Political History …
United States History since 1877 - Apex Learning
State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness (STAAR) exam for U.S. History. Length: Two semesters UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO UNITED STATES HISTORY SINCE 1877 …
Course Description - Miami Dade College
AMH2020 | History of the US Since 1877 | 3.00 credits In this course, students will trace the history of the United States from the end of the reconstruction era to the ... study; students will …
US HIST A 35279 & 45279 StudyGuide - University of Texas at …
Objective 1: History This part relates to your knowledge of United States History from 1877 to the 1939. Historical content focuses on the issues related to the Founding Fathers and …
HIST 152: US History Since 1877 - cla.purdue.edu
1) Gained a base-level understanding about United States history since 1877, specifically major themes and developments, and demonstrated this knowledge through discussions, quizzes, …
US History 1877-Modern Era Word Wall - Social Studies …
US History Eras. Social . Studies . Success. Thank you for your purchase! This resource is designed for you to create an interactive era wall in your classroom. Research shows the …
United States History: Beginnings to 1877 2012
summarizing historical text, 180–181, inferences about history, 232–233, public documents in history, 264–265, bias and historical events, 296–297, drawing conclusions about the past, …
Syllabus for UWXHS102 US History Since 1877 - UW …
US History Since 1877 NOTE: This syllabus document contains the basic information of this course. The most current syllabus is available in the full course. Course Description. A survey …
2010 TEKS Streamlining 2018 TEKS Additional Information
historical points of reference in U.S. history through 1877. The student is expected to: (1) History. The student understands traditional historical points of reference in U.S. history through 1877. …
Navigating - Fort Bend ISD
SS436 US History 1.0 HIST 1301 & HIST 1302 US History to 1877 & US History after 1877 6 Open to 11th & 12th grade only (Must meet TSI Minimum Requirements) Must be taught by …
U.S. History - Mississippi Department of Education
The U.S. History Practice Test is a useful tool for Mississippi educators to use in preparing students for the format of the Mississippi Academic Assessment Program for U.S. History. The …
Social Studies 8th Grade TEKS-color - Texas A&M School of …
history through 1877 B) Apply absolute and relative chronology through sequencing of events C) Explain the significance of 1607, 1776, 1787, 1803, 1861-1865 8.2. Exploration and …
HIST-1301 United States History to 1877 - Texas A&M …
HIST-1301 United States History to 1877 Course Syllabus: Spring 2021 I N S T R U C T O R I N F O R MA T I O N Instructor: Jason Thomason Class Meetings: MWF Office Location: Rm 111 …
US History since 1877 - srinfo.sulross.edu
HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES Since 1877 . Course Description: HIST 1302 is a general introductory survey of the second half of United States history from 1877 (the inauguration of …
AMH 2020 United States History since 1877 - Department of …
2. Analyze competing forms of US nationalism that developed during the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. 3. Explain the development of class, ethnic, gender, racial, and …
History Pathway Associate in Arts Degree | Code: 12202 | 60 …
AMH 2020 History of the US Since 1877 3 . MGF 1130 (C) Mathematical Thinking 3 . Prerequisite: Student must meet the Developmental Education mathematics requirements in …
AMH 2020 US History 1877 to Present - Department of History
AMH 2020 US History 1877 to Present . AMH 2020. 28798 Kevin Bird . Spring 2023 230 Pugh Hall . Day and period: T 8:30-10:25; R 9:35-10:25 Office phone: 352 273 1077 ... provide …
HIS 110 - American History Survey I To 1877 - Oral Roberts …
HIS 110 - American History Survey I To 1877 3 Credit Hours Spring 2019 I. COURSE DESCRIPTION An introduction of the main political, economic, social, foreign policy, and …
History 2301: History of the United States Since 1877
Department of History Policies / Component Area: Language, Philosophy, and Culture This course is designed to introduce students to the history of the United States from …
Modern Times United States History - McGraw Hill
Chapter 1 Creating a Nation, Beginnings to 1877 Primary Sources: The Declaration of Independence The Constitution Handbook The Constitution of the United States Chapter 2 …
US History Since 1877 HIST 1302-005 Summer II 2025 Phone: …
US History Since 1877 HIST 1302-005 Summer II 2025 Name: Lydia Towns Email: Lydia.towns@sfasu.edu Phone: 936-468-2434 Office: LAN 137 ... HIST 1302 (United States …
Resource Guide United States History - IN.gov
Sep 25, 2017 · UNITED STATES HISTORY (1877 to Present) Date of last update: September 2017 ... John Green US History Crash Course Videos (Nice short videos to either wrap up or …
Syllabus AMH 2020 United States History since 1877
AMH 2020 – United States History since 1877 Summer 2023 Session B (June 28-August 9) I. Course Information Course Title: AMH 2020 United States History since 1877 Course No: …
United States History Since 1877 - cf.simplesyllabus.com
United States History Since 1877 Syllabus 2025FA 08/18/2025-12/11/2025 Course Information Course Title: United States History Since 1877 Course Number: AMH 2020 - 55 ... To …
United States History Since 1877 Overview 2024-2025 - Fort …
United States History Since 1877 Overview 2024-2025 This document is designed provide parents/guardians/community an overview of the curriculum taught in the FBISD classroom. ...
American History From Reconstruction to the Present
American History From Reconstruction to the Present. I. Course Description . AMH 2020 surveys the American experience from Reconstruction, the historical era ... History Textbook, Volume …
AP U.S. History - College Board
About the AP U.S. History Course 7 College Course Equivalent 7 Prerequisites COURSE FRAMEWORK 11 Introduction ... 1844–1877 131 UNIT 6 –Period 6: 1865–1898 153 UNIT 7 …
Honors American History II Final Exam Review Guide - acc.
Honors American History II Final Exam Review Guide Appendix A: Presidents of the United States, 1877-present President Political Party Term in Office Foreign Policy Major Domestic …
St. Johns River State College
to 1877, US History Since 1877, US Federal Government (3) General Education Core Humanities (3) Total Credits Needed 70 Total Credits Earned: 0 Percentage of Completion: 0% † …
AMH2010: United States History to 1877 - undergrad.aa.ufl.edu
early American history. Relevant sources will be lecture, the Hewitt and Lawson textbook, as well as the texts on Common Sense and the Emancipation Proclamation. Quizzes as well as the …
FBISD 8 Grade U.S. History Comprehensive STAAR Review
History 20 Geography and Culture 12 Government and Citizenship 12 Economics, Science, Technology, and Society 8 . The STAAR test will also assess Social Studies Skills. You also …
AICE, AP, DE, IB PROGRAMS AT LOLHS 2025-26
1&2, Introduction to Biology/Human Biology, US History to 1877, US History from 1877 •Pre-Requisite Courses: •College Algebra/Trigonometry: ADD •English Composition 1&2: ADD …
US History Survey, 1000-1877 Dr. Perky Beisel HIST-1301-200 …
US History Survey, 1000-1877 Dr. Perky Beisel HIST-1301-200 History Department Summer 1 2025 (June 2-July 3) Office: Dugas L.A. 305 Online D2L Office Hours: by appointment ... U.S. …
