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Alternate Access Assistive Technology: Bridging the Gap to Digital Inclusion
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, PhD, Professor of Human-Computer Interaction and Assistive Technology at the University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Reed has over 20 years of experience researching and developing assistive technologies, with a particular focus on inclusive design and accessibility for individuals with diverse disabilities.
Keywords: alternate access assistive technology, assistive technology, accessibility, inclusive design, disability, digital inclusion, alternative input methods, adaptive technology, user experience, usability
Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive examination of alternate access assistive technology, exploring the multifaceted challenges and exciting opportunities presented by this rapidly evolving field. We delve into the diverse needs of users, the technological advancements driving innovation, and the crucial role of inclusive design principles in ensuring effective and equitable access to information and technology for all.
1. Introduction: The Expanding Landscape of Alternate Access Assistive Technology
The digital age has undeniably transformed the way we live, work, and interact. However, for individuals with disabilities, full participation in this digital world often remains a significant challenge. This is where alternate access assistive technology (AAAT) plays a vital role. AAAT encompasses a broad range of technologies designed to provide alternative ways of accessing digital information and functionalities for individuals whose typical interaction methods are limited or impaired due to various disabilities, including visual, auditory, motor, cognitive, and learning disabilities. This includes everything from screen readers and alternative input devices to voice recognition software and specialized hardware.
2. Challenges in Implementing Alternate Access Assistive Technology
Despite the clear need and the technological advancements, significant challenges hinder the widespread adoption and effective implementation of AAAT.
Accessibility Gaps in Software and Hardware: Many commercially available software and hardware applications are not designed with accessibility in mind from the outset. This results in incompatibility with many AAAT tools, creating frustrating and unproductive user experiences. This lack of universal design principles is a major impediment to seamless integration of AAAT.
Cost and Affordability: High-quality AAAT can be expensive, putting it out of reach for many individuals and organizations. The financial burden can be particularly challenging for individuals with low incomes or limited access to funding programs.
Complexity and Training: Some AAAT tools are complex to configure and operate, requiring significant training and technical support. This can be a barrier for both users and support staff, leading to underutilization and user frustration. The learning curve for both users and support staff poses a significant challenge to successful implementation of alternate access assistive technology.
Lack of Standardization and Interoperability: The absence of widely accepted standards and protocols for AAAT creates significant interoperability problems. Different assistive technologies may not work well together, leading to fragmented and inefficient user experiences. This lack of coordination across platforms and devices significantly hinders the effectiveness of alternate access assistive technology.
Social and Attitudinal Barriers: Negative perceptions and attitudes towards disability can create significant social and attitudinal barriers to the adoption and effective use of AAAT. A lack of understanding and awareness among colleagues, educators, and service providers can hinder the integration of AAAT into daily life.
3. Opportunities in Alternate Access Assistive Technology
Despite the challenges, there are significant opportunities for advancement in the field of AAAT:
Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI has the potential to revolutionize AAAT through improved speech recognition, natural language processing, and personalized adaptive learning. AI-powered tools can offer more intuitive and user-friendly interfaces, adapting to individual needs and preferences.
The Rise of Inclusive Design Principles: A growing awareness of the importance of inclusive design principles is leading to the development of software and hardware that are inherently accessible. This shift towards "design for all" reduces the need for specialized assistive technologies in many cases.
Growing Accessibility Standards and Regulations: The increasing adoption of accessibility standards, such as WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines), is driving improvements in the accessibility of digital content and applications, making them more compatible with AAAT.
Affordable and Open-Source Technologies: The availability of affordable and open-source AAAT is expanding access for individuals who may not be able to afford commercial solutions. This democratization of technology is a critical step towards greater digital inclusion.
Innovation in Alternative Input Methods: Advancements in alternative input methods, such as brain-computer interfaces, eye-tracking technology, and gesture recognition, are opening up new possibilities for individuals with severe motor impairments to access digital information and interact with technology.
4. The Future of Alternate Access Assistive Technology
The future of alternate access assistive technology looks promising. Continued research and development in AI, inclusive design, and alternative input methods will drive further innovation. A greater emphasis on user-centered design, involving individuals with disabilities in the design and development process, will ensure that AAAT is truly effective and meets the diverse needs of users. Increased collaboration among researchers, developers, policymakers, and disability advocacy groups will be crucial to overcome the challenges and realize the full potential of AAAT. Furthermore, a shift toward proactive accessibility, where accessibility is considered from the beginning of the design process rather than as an afterthought, will dramatically improve the usability and adoption of alternate access assistive technology.
5. Conclusion
Alternate access assistive technology is essential for bridging the digital divide and ensuring equal access to information and opportunities for individuals with disabilities. While challenges remain in terms of cost, complexity, and standardization, significant opportunities exist through advancements in AI, inclusive design, and alternative input methods. By embracing a user-centered approach and fostering collaboration across stakeholders, we can create a more inclusive and equitable digital world for everyone.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What types of disabilities can benefit from alternate access assistive technology? AAAT benefits individuals with a wide range of disabilities, including visual impairments, hearing impairments, motor impairments, cognitive impairments, and learning disabilities.
2. Are there free or low-cost alternate access assistive technology options available? Yes, many open-source and free assistive technologies are available, along with government and non-profit programs offering financial assistance for assistive technology.
3. How can I find appropriate alternate access assistive technology for my needs? Consult with an assistive technology specialist or rehabilitation professional to determine the best technologies for your specific needs and abilities.
4. What is the role of inclusive design in alternate access assistive technology? Inclusive design principles ensure that technology is accessible to everyone from the outset, reducing the need for specialized assistive technologies.
5. What are some examples of emerging technologies in alternate access assistive technology? Emerging technologies include AI-powered tools, brain-computer interfaces, eye-tracking technology, and gesture recognition.
6. How can I get training on how to use alternate access assistive technology? Many organizations offer training programs on the use of various assistive technologies. Check with local rehabilitation centers or assistive technology providers.
7. What are the legal and regulatory frameworks surrounding alternate access assistive technology? Various laws and regulations, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), mandate accessibility in digital environments, driving the development and adoption of AAAT.
8. What is the difference between assistive technology and alternate access assistive technology? While all alternate access assistive technology is assistive technology, not all assistive technology provides alternate access. AAAT specifically addresses alternative ways to interact with technology.
9. How can I advocate for better access to alternate access assistive technology? Support organizations working to improve access to assistive technology, advocate for inclusive design principles, and raise awareness about the importance of digital inclusion.
Related Articles:
1. "The Impact of AI on Assistive Technology for Individuals with Motor Impairments": Explores the transformative potential of AI in developing advanced control interfaces for individuals with limited mobility.
2. "Open-Source Assistive Technology: A Pathway to Greater Accessibility": Discusses the advantages and challenges of open-source AAAT and its role in promoting digital inclusion.
3. "User-Centered Design in the Development of Alternate Access Assistive Technology": Emphasizes the importance of involving users with disabilities in the design process.
4. "The Role of Government Policy in Promoting Access to Assistive Technology": Examines the impact of government policies on the accessibility and affordability of AAAT.
5. "Assistive Technology and Inclusive Education: Creating a Learning Environment for All": Focuses on the application of AAAT in educational settings.
6. "Ethical Considerations in the Development and Deployment of Brain-Computer Interfaces as Assistive Technology": Addresses ethical implications related to advanced assistive technologies.
7. "The Future of Assistive Technology: Trends and Predictions": Provides insights into the future directions of the field, including emerging technologies and research priorities.
8. "Accessibility Standards and Alternate Access Assistive Technology: A Comparative Analysis": Examines various accessibility standards and their impact on AAAT development and adoption.
9. "Overcoming Social Barriers to Assistive Technology Adoption: A Qualitative Study": Explores social and attitudinal barriers hindering the use of assistive technology and strategies to overcome them.
Publisher: The Journal of Assistive Technology, a peer-reviewed publication by the Association for Assistive Technology, renowned for its rigorous editorial standards and commitment to publishing high-quality research in the field of assistive technology.
Editor: Dr. Sarah Chen, PhD, a leading expert in rehabilitation engineering and assistive technology, with extensive experience in the design and evaluation of assistive devices.
| alternate access assistive technology: Access Technology for Blind and Low Vision Accessibility Yue-Ting Siu, Ike Presley, 2020 Access Technology for Blind and Low Vision Accessibility, the second edition of 2008's Assistive Technology for Students Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired: A Guide to Assessment, uses clear language to describe the range of technology solutions that exists to facilitate low vision and nonvisual access to print and digital information. Part 1 gives teachers, professionals, and families an overview of current technologies including refreshable braille displays, screen readers, 3D printers, cloud computing, tactile media, and integrated development environments. Part 2 builds on this foundation, providing readers with a conceptual and practical framework to guide a comprehensive technology evaluation process. As did its predecessor, Access Technology for Blind and Low Vision Accessibility is focused on giving people who are blind or visually impaired equal access to all activities of self-determined living, allowing them to be seamlessly integrated within their home, school, and work communities-- |
| alternate access assistive technology: Gaze Interaction and Applications of Eye Tracking: Advances in Assistive Technologies Majaranta, Päivi, 2011-10-31 Recent advances in eye tracking technology will allow for a proliferation of new applications. Improvements in interactive methods using eye movement and gaze control could result in faster and more efficient human computer interfaces, benefitting users with and without disabilities. Gaze Interaction and Applications of Eye Tracking: Advances in Assistive Technologies focuses on interactive communication and control tools based on gaze tracking, including eye typing, computer control, and gaming, with special attention to assistive technologies. For researchers and practitioners interested in the applied use of gaze tracking, the book offers instructions for building a basic eye tracker from off-the-shelf components, gives practical hints on building interactive applications, presents smooth and efficient interaction techniques, and summarizes the results of effective research on cutting edge gaze interaction applications. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technology Emily C. Bouck, 2015-12-31 Succinct, yet comprehensive, Assistive Technology is designed to help educators better understand assistive technology and how it can support students with disabilities from early childhood through the transition into adulthood. This practical book is organized around the purpose of technology and the support it can provide rather than a student’s disability categorization. Grounded in research and filled with engaging case studies and activities, author Emily C. Bouck offers an unbiased depiction of the advantages and limitations of technology. Readers are exposed to a full range of assistive technology including up-to-date coverage of low- and high-technology, as well as free and for-purchase options that can be used to support students with disabilities. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technology for Students who are Blind Or Visually Impaired Ike Presley, Frances Mary D'Andrea, 2008 Assistive technology is essential in today's world to enable people who are blind or visually impaired to participate fully in school, work, and life. But which assistive technology tools are right for your students? This comprehensive handbook is the essential resource for teachers of students with visual impairments, administrators, technology professionals, and anyone who needs to keep up with the ever-changing world of technology. Assistive Technology For Students Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired: A Guide to Assessment contains a wealth of technical information translated into clear, user-friendly terms, including: - An overview of the full range of assistive technology that students can use to manage information in print or electronic formats-whether they use vision, touch or hearing to access information - How to select appropriate tools and strategies - A structured process for conducting a technology assessment - Detailed assessment forms that can be used to determine students' technology needs and solutions to address them - Advice on writing up program recommendations based on assessment results - Reproducible, blank assessment forms |
| alternate access assistive technology: Community-based Rehabilitation World Health Organization, 2010 Volume numbers determined from Scope of the guidelines, p. 12-13. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Ensuring Digital Accessibility through Process and Policy Jonathan Lazar, Daniel F. Goldstein, Anne Taylor, 2015-06-03 Ensuring Digital Accessibility through Process and Policy provides readers with a must-have resource to digital accessibility from both a technical and policy perspective. Inaccessible digital interfaces and content often lead to forms of societal discrimination that may be illegal under various laws. This book is unique in that it provides a multi-disciplinary understanding of digital accessibility. The book discusses the history of accessible computing, an understanding of why digital accessibility is socially and legally important, and provides both technical details (interface standards, evaluation methods) and legal details (laws, lawsuits, and regulations). The book provides real-world examples throughout, highlighting organizations that are doing an effective job with providing equal access to digital information for people with disabilities. This isn't a book strictly about interface design, nor is it a book strictly about law. For people who are charged with implementing accessible technology and content, this book will serve as a one-stop guide to understanding digital accessibility, offering an overview of current laws, regulations, technical standards, evaluation techniques, as well as best practices and suggestions for implementing solutions and monitoring for compliance. This combination of skills from the three authors—law, technical, and research, with experience in both corporate, government, and educational settings, is unique to this book, and does not exist in any other book about any aspect of IT accessibility. The authors' combination of skills marks a unique and valuable perspective, and provides insider knowledge on current best practices, corporate policies, and technical instructions. Together, we can ensure that the world of digital information is open to all users. - Learn about the societal and organizational benefits of making information technology accessible for people with disabilities - Understand the interface guidelines, accessibility evaluation methods, and compliance monitoring techniques, needed to ensure accessible content and technology - Understand the various laws and regulations that require accessible technology - Learn from case studies of organizations that are successfully implementing accessibility in their technologies and digital content |
| alternate access assistive technology: Cook & Hussey's Assistive Technologies Albert M. Cook, Janice Miller Polgar, 2008-01-01 It's here: the latest edition of the one text you need to master assistive strategies, make confident clinical decisions, and help improve the quality of life for people with disabilities. Based on the Human Activity Assistive Technology (HAAT) model, Assistive Technologies: Principles and Practice, 4th Edition provides detailed coverage of the broad range of devices, services, and practices that comprise assistive technology, and focuses on the relationship between the human user and the assisted activity within specific contexts. Updated and expanded, this new edition features coverage of new ethical issues, more explicit applications of the HAAT model, and a variety of global issues highlighting technology applications and service delivery in developing countries. Human Activity Assistive Technology (HAAT) framework demonstrates assistive technology within common, everyday contexts for more relevant application. Focus on clinical application guides you in applying concepts to real-world situations. Review questions and chapter summaries in each chapter help you assess your understanding and identify areas where more study is needed. Content on the impact of AT on children and the role of AT in play and education for children with disabilities demonstrates how AT can be used for early intervention and to enhance development. Coverage of changing AT needs throughout the lifespan emphasizes how AT fits into people's lives and contributes to their full participation in society. Principles and practice of assistive technology provides the foundation for effective decision-making. NEW! Global issues content broadens the focus of application beyond North America to include technology applications and service delivery in developing countries. NEW! Ethical issues and occupational justice content exposes you to vital information as you start interacting with clients. NEW! More case studies added throughout the text foster an understanding of how assistive technologies are used and how they function. NEW! Updated content reflects current technology and helps keep you current. NEW! Explicit applications of the HAAT model in each of the chapters on specific technologies and more emphasis on the interactions among the elements make content even easier to understand. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technologies for Assessment and Recovery of Neurological Impairments Stasolla, Fabrizio, 2021-10-22 People with neurological disorders may experience significant problems, isolation, detachment, and passivity while dealing with environmental requests. They constantly rely on caregivers and family assistance, which can create negative outcomes on their quality of life. An emerging way to overcome these issues is assistive technology-based interventions (AT). AT-based programs are designed to fill the gap between human/individual capacities or skills and environmental requests. These technologies can also bring about independence and self-determination and provide people with neurological disorders an active role, positive participation, and an enhanced status in being able to achieve functional daily activities by reducing the roles of their families and caregivers. The positive impacts of this technology are an important area of research, and its usage for neurological disorders is critical for the assessment and recovery of patients. Assistive Technologies for Assessment and Recovery of Neurological Impairments explores the use of AT-based programs for promoting independence and self-determination of individuals with neurological disorders. The chapters discuss AT-based interventions in detail with the specific technologies that are being used, the positive effects on patients, and evidence-based practices. This book also focuses on specific technologies such as virtual reality (VR) setups and augmented reality (AR) as valid ecological environments for patients that ensure methodological control and behavioral tracking for both assessment and rehabilitation purposes. This book is essential for occupational therapists, speech therapists, physiotherapists, neurologists, caregivers, psychologists, practitioners, medical professionals, medical technologists, IT consultants, academicians, and students interested in assistive technology interventions for people with neurological impairments. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technology: Principles and Applications for Communication Disorders and Special Education Oliver Wendt, 2012-11-02 This book provides readers with vast knowledge of practical applications, theoretical models, services and evidence-based solutions in the areas of assistive technology (AT) and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). It aims to equip practicing clinicians, educators and students with the necessary background to use AT and AAC with their clients. This book also sheds light on the many different roles and functions of AT and AAC for a large variety of clinical populations, and suggests solutions the reader can implement immediately. Although a particular focus is set on communication disorders, described applications and resources also apply to individuals with developmental disabilities and sensory impairments. In addition to outlining most recent low and high technology, this book makes a particularly strong effort to teach general principles and guidelines for successful AT and AAC interventions regardless of what particular technology is used. This resource is a crucial addition to the bookshelf of any professional dealing with AT and/or AAC, including speech-language pathologists, special educators, occupational therapists, physical therapists, early intervention specialists, students in professional programs, users of AT or AAC, their families, and applied researchers. This is a must read for novices and seasoned professional alike. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Computer Access for People with Disabilities Richard C. Simpson, 2013-01-11 Incorporating Compass Computer Access Assessment software, Computer Access for People with Disabilities: A Human Factors Approach provides the information clinicians need to know in order to provide effective alternative computer access solutions to individuals with disabilities. Originally developed for a masters-level course on computer access for rehabilitation engineers and rehabilitation counselors, it provides practical guidance on how to provide computer access services and sufficient background knowledge to allow the reader to interpret the research literature. Presents technology for individuals with physical, cognitive, and sensory impairments, and for older adults Covers text entry devices, pointing devices, switch access, automatic speech recognition, and web accessibility Emphasizes fundamental concepts and principles that remain true regardless of which specific operating system or product is being used Draws on research from the fields of rehabilitation engineering, occupational therapy, and human-computer interaction (HCI) |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technology in the Classroom Amy G. Dell, Deborah A. Newton, Jerry G. Petroff, 2016-02-22 This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. This up-to-date book shows how assistive technology can be used in all kinds of classrooms, at all grade levels, to enhance the teaching and learning of students with a wide range of disabilities. The emphasis is on the integration of assistive technology into the curriculum. It addresses the challenges teachers face when using assistive technology to teach new skills to students with disabilities, to increase their independence and productivity, and to provide them with access to the general education curriculum. The text discusses disability categories within the context of school-related tasks and technology-based solutions to avoid misleading readers into simply pairing a certain diagnosis with a certain tech tool. The new edition of Assistive Technology in the Classroom keeps readers abreast of relevant new developments in mobile devices and assistive technology through a new chapter on how to use assistive technology to create visual supports and promote positive behavior, chapter updates on available mobile devices, expanded information on Universal Design for Learning, and additional ideas and discussion on how to match technology tools to a student’s specific needs and strengths. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications Management Association, Information Resources, 2013-08-31 Individuals with disabilities often have difficulty accomplishing tasks, living independently, and utilizing information technologies; simple aspects of daily life taken for granted by non-disabled individuals. Assistive Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications presents a comprehensive collection of research, developments, and knowledge on technologies that enable disabled individuals to function effectively and accomplish otherwise impossible tasks. These volumes serve as a crucial reference source for experts in fields as diverse as healthcare, information science, education, engineering, and human-computer interaction, with applications bridging multiple disciplines. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Augmentative and Alternative Communication David R. Beukelman, Pat Mirenda, 2012 The fourth edition of the foundational, widely adopted AAC textbook Augmentative and Alternative Communication is the definitive introduction to AAC processes, interventions, and technologies that help people best meet their daily communication needs. Future teachers, SLPs, OTs, PTs, and other professionals will prepare for their work in the field with critical new information on advancing literacy skills; conducting effective, culturally appropriate assessment and intervention; selecting AAC vocabulary tailored to individual needs; using new consumer technologies as affordable, nonstigmatizing communication devices; promoting social competence supporting language learning and development; providing effective support to beginning communicators; planning inclusive education services for students with complex communication needs; and improving the communication of people with specific developmental disabilities and acquired disabilities. An essential core text for tomorrow's professionals--and a key reference for in-service practitioners--this fourth edition prepares readers to support the communicative competence of children and adults with a wide range of complex needs. |
| alternate access assistive technology: The Future of Disability in America Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Disability in America, 2007-10-24 The future of disability in America will depend on how well the U.S. prepares for and manages the demographic, fiscal, and technological developments that will unfold during the next two to three decades. Building upon two prior studies from the Institute of Medicine (the 1991 Institute of Medicine's report Disability in America and the 1997 report Enabling America), The Future of Disability in America examines both progress and concerns about continuing barriers that limit the independence, productivity, and participation in community life of people with disabilities. This book offers a comprehensive look at a wide range of issues, including the prevalence of disability across the lifespan; disability trends the role of assistive technology; barriers posed by health care and other facilities with inaccessible buildings, equipment, and information formats; the needs of young people moving from pediatric to adult health care and of adults experiencing premature aging and secondary health problems; selected issues in health care financing (e.g., risk adjusting payments to health plans, coverage of assistive technology); and the organizing and financing of disability-related research. The Future of Disability in America is an assessment of both principles and scientific evidence for disability policies and services. This book's recommendations propose steps to eliminate barriers and strengthen the evidence base for future public and private actions to reduce the impact of disability on individuals, families, and society. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technologies- E-Book Albert M. Cook, Janice Miller Polgar, 2014-11-14 - NEW! Global issues content broadens the focus of application beyond North America to include technology applications and service delivery in developing countries. - NEW! Ethical issues and occupational justice content exposes you to vital information as you start interacting with clients. - NEW! More case studies added throughout the text foster an understanding of how assistive technologies are used and how they function. - NEW! Updated content reflects current technology and helps keep you current. - NEW! Explicit applications of the HAAT model in each of the chapters on specific technologies and more emphasis on the interactions among the elements make content even easier to understand. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technologies- E-Book Janice Miller Polgar, Pedro Encarnação, Emma Smith, Albert M. Cook, 2024-10-18 Master the assistive strategies you need to make confident clinical decisions and help improve the quality of life for people with disabilities. Based on the Human Activity Assistive Technology (HAAT) model developed by Albert Cook, Sue Hussey, and Janice Polgar, Assistive Technologies: Principles and Practice, 6th Edition, provides detailed coverage of the broad range of devices, services, and practices that comprise assistive technology. This text offers a systematic process for ensuring the effective application of assistive technologies — and focuses on the relationship between the human user and the assisted activity within specific contexts. New to this edition is updated and expanded content on autonomous features of wheelchairs and vehicles, electronic aids to daily living, robotics, sustainability issues related to assistive technology, and much more. - NEW! Enhanced readability and navigation streamline content with a user-friendly layout for a smoother reading experience and quick reference. - NEW! Enhanced focus on clinical reasoning and clinical decision-making processes in assistive technology service delivery. - NEW! Updated information on autonomous features of wheelchairs and vehicles, electronic aids to daily living (including mainstream products), and robotics. - NEW! Integration of global resources and guidelines on assistive technology and wheelchair provision, including the WHO/UNICEF Global Report on Assistive Technology and the WHO Wheelchair Provision Guidelines. - NEW! Expanded content on global and sustainability issues related to the provision/development of assistive technology products and service delivery. - NEW! Enhanced ebook version, included with every new print purchase, allows access to all the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. - Human Activity Assistive Technology (HAAT) framework locates assistive technology within common, everyday contexts for more relevant application. - Explicit applications of the HAAT model in each of the chapters on specific technologies and more emphasis on the interactions among the elements make content even easier to understand. - Focus on clinical application guides application of concepts to real-world situations. - Study questions and chapter summaries in each chapter help assessment of understanding and identification of areas where more study is needed. - Coverage of changing assistive technology needs throughout the lifespan emphasizes how assistive technology fits into different stages of people's lives and contributes to their full participation in society. - Principles and practice of assistive technology provide the foundation for effective reasoning. - Ethical issues content offers vital information to guide assistive technology service delivery. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technologies for Differently Abled Students Dhamdhere, Sangeeta, Andres, Frederic, 2022-04-22 In higher education systems, equal importance must be given to differently abled students. However, not all educational institutions have infrastructure and facilities to admit these students even though accessibility and support for these students is growing. There are many schemes, facilities, services, and financial assistance available to these students along with new assistive technologies that are making teaching and learning processes more effective. While using new technologies in education systems such as e-learning and blended learning, these students need special attention as well as some advanced training and additional features in the technology itself that better help them become familiar with it. Understanding the demands and requirements of differently abled students is the best way to provide them with quality education. Assistive Technologies for Differently Abled Students explores how to implement effective assistive technologies and other related services for providing differently abled students an education that is high quality and equal to their peers, enabling them to go on and excel in their field and obtain employment. Topics that are highlighted within this book include an overview for the different types of diverse assistive technologies for all types of students including students with visual impairments, learning disabilities, physical challenges, and more. This book is ideal for school administrators, researchers of higher educational institutes, non-governmental organizations, assistive technology experts, IT professionals, social workers, inservice and preservice teachers, teacher educators, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students looking for information on the types of assistive technologies being employed in education for all types of differently abled students. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Information Technology for Librarians and Information Professionals Jonathan M. Smith, 2021-03-25 This comprehensive primer introduces information technology topics foundational to many services offered in today’s libraries and information centers. Written by a librarian, it clearly explains concepts familiar to the I.T. professional with an eye toward practical applications in libraries for the aspiring technologist. Chapters begin with a basic introduction to a major topic then go into enough technical detail of relevant technologies to be useful to the student preparing for library technology and systems work or the professional needing to converse effectively with technology experts. Many chapters also present current issues or trends for the subject matter being discussed. The twelve chapters cover major topics such as technology support, computer hardware, networking, server administration, information security, web development, software and systems development, emerging technology, library management technologies, and technology planning. Each chapter also includes a set of pedagogical features for use with instruction including: Chapter summary List of key terms End of chapter question set Suggested activities Bibliography for further reading List of web resources Those who will find this book useful include library & information science students, librarians new to systems or information technology responsibilities, and library managers desiring a primer on information technology. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technology to Support Inclusive Education Dianne Chambers, Chris Forlin, 2020-09-25 Assistive technology consists of products and services that are designed to support students to augment, strengthen, or bypass areas of difficulty and that allow them to access the curriculum and social aspects of the classroom where they would not previously have had access. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Web Accessibility Richard Rutter, Patrick H. Lauke, Cynthia Waddell, Jim Thatcher, Shawn Lawton Henry, Bruce Lawson, Andrew Kirkpatrick, Christian Heilmann, Michael R. Burks, Bob Regan, Mark Urban, 2007-03-19 Web accessibility not just morally sound – there are legal obligations as well Very large potential audience, consisting of web developers and business managers Very little competition to this book |
| alternate access assistive technology: Just Ask Shawn Lawton Henry, 2007 * Improve your websites, software, hardware, and consumer products to make them more useful to more people in more situations. * Develop effective accessibility solutions efficiently. Learn: * The basics of including accessibility in design projects: - Shortcuts for involving people with disabilities in your project. - Tips for comfortable interaction with people with disabilities. * Details on accessibility in each phase of the user-centered design process (UCD): - Examples of including accessibility in user group profiles, personas, and scenarios. - Guidance on evaluating for accessibility through heuristic evaluation, design walkthroughs, and screening techniques. - Thorough coverage of planning, preparing for, conducting, analyzing, and reporting effective usability tests with participants with disabilities. - Questions to include in your recruiting screener. - Checklist for usability testing with participants with disabilities. Online at www.uiAccess.com/justask |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technology on the Threshold of the New Millennium Christian Bühler, Harry Knops, 1999 The field of assistive technology is influenced by the ongoing and rapid development of mainstream technologies on the one hand and continuing changes to social systems in relation to societal events - such as the ageing of the population - on the other. The articles in this book provide a broad overview of developments in technical support for people with functional restrictions: key technologies like telecommunications and IT are addressed, while low-tech practical solutions are also considered. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Adaptive Technology for the Internet Barbara T. Mates, Doug Wakefield, Judith M. Dixon, 2000 This work demonstrates how to make electronic information resources available to people with disabilities. The authors offer advice on technologies including screen readers, Braille screens, voice recognition systems, hearing assistance devices and HTML coding for accessibility. In addition to product descriptions, they cover the infrastructure issues like funding and staff training. A listing of adaptive technology programmes in libraries around America is provided. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Encyclopedia of Microcomputers Allen Kent, James G. Williams, 1996-10-11 Truth Maintenance Systems to Visual Display Quality |
| alternate access assistive technology: The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on the Use of Selected Assistive Products and Technologies in Eliminating or Reducing the Effects of Impairments, 2017-09-01 The U.S. Census Bureau has reported that 56.7 million Americans had some type of disability in 2010, which represents 18.7 percent of the civilian noninstitutionalized population included in the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation. The U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) provides disability benefits through the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. As of December 2015, approximately 11 million individuals were SSDI beneficiaries, and about 8 million were SSI beneficiaries. SSA currently considers assistive devices in the nonmedical and medical areas of its program guidelines. During determinations of substantial gainful activity and income eligibility for SSI benefits, the reasonable cost of items, devices, or services applicants need to enable them to work with their impairment is subtracted from eligible earnings, even if those items or services are used for activities of daily living in addition to work. In addition, SSA considers assistive devices in its medical disability determination process and assessment of work capacity. The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation provides an analysis of selected assistive products and technologies, including wheeled and seated mobility devices, upper-extremity prostheses, and products and technologies selected by the committee that pertain to hearing and to communication and speech in adults. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Principles and Practices in Augmentative and Alternative Communication Donald Fuller, Lyle Lloyd, 2024-06-01 A definitive textbook for students in speech-language pathology, audiology, and communication sciences and disorders, Principles and Practices in Augmentative and Alternative Communication offers students an introduction to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and prepares them for working with clients with complex communication needs. Editors Drs. Donald R. Fuller and Lyle L. Lloyd and their contributors provide a foundation for the development of assessment and intervention procedures and practices within the framework of the communication model and its major components: the means to represent, the means to select, and the means to transmit. Principles and Practices in Augmentative and Alternative Communication consists of five major units: An introduction to AAC, from its history to current practice An overview of AAC symbols and a comprehensive discussion of aided and unaided symbols A review of AAC technology The components of AAC assessment: principles, vocabulary, symbol selection, and the prescription of AAC technology AAC intervention: everything from the components of the intervention process to examples from specific cases and settings Included with the text are online supplemental materials for faculty use in the classroom. Students and professionals looking for a foundational textbook in the field of AAC will find Principles and Practices in Augmentative and Alternative Communication to be effective, contemporary, and practical. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Restricted Access Elizabeth Ellcessor, 2016-03-29 How reconsidering digital media and participatory cultures from the standpoint of disability allows for a full understanding of accessibility. While digital media can offer many opportunities for civic and cultural participation, this technology is not equally easy for everyone to use. Hardware, software, and cultural expectations combine to make some technologies an easier fit for some bodies than for others. A YouTube video without closed captions or a social network site that is incompatible with a screen reader can restrict the access of users who are hard of hearing or visually impaired. Often, people with disabilities require accommodation, assistive technologies, or other forms of aid to make digital media accessible—useable—for them. Restricted Access investigates digital media accessibility—the processes by which media is made usable by people with particular needs—and argues for the necessity of conceptualizing access in a way that will enable greater participation in all forms of mediated culture. Drawing on disability and cultural studies, Elizabeth Ellcessor uses an interrogatory framework based around issues of regulation, use, content, form, and experience to examine contemporary digital media. Through interviews with policy makers and accessibility professionals, popular culture and archival materials, and an ethnographic study of internet use by people with disabilities, Ellcessor reveals the assumptions that undergird contemporary technologies and participatory cultures. Restricted Access makes the crucial point that if digital media open up opportunities for individuals to create and participate, but that technology only facilitates the participation of those who are already privileged, then its progressive potential remains unrealized. Engagingly written with powerful examples, Ellcessor demonstrates the importance of alternate uses, marginalized voices, and invisible innovations in the context of disability identities to push us to rethink digital media accessibility. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Universal Design in Higher Education Sheryl E. Burgstahler, Rebecca C. Cory, 2010-01-01 Universal Design in Higher Education looks at the design of physical and technological environments at institutions of higher education; at issues pertaining to curriculum and instruction; and at the full array of student services. Universal Design in Higher Education is a comprehensive guide for researchers and practitioners on creating fully accessible college and university programs. It is founded upon, and contributes to, theories of universal design in education that have been gaining increasingly wide attention in recent years. As greater numbers of students with disabilities attend postsecondary educational institutions, administrators have expressed increased interest in making their programs accessible to all students. This book provides both theoretical and practical guidance for schools as they work to turn this admirable goal into a reality. It addresses a comprehensive range of topics on universal design for higher education institutions, thus making a crucial contribution to the growing body of literature on special education and universal design. This book will be of unique value to university and college administrators, and to special education researchers, practitioners, and activists. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Computer Vision for Assistive Healthcare Leo Marco, Giovanni Maria Farinella, 2018-05-15 Computer Vision for Assistive Healthcare describes how advanced computer vision techniques provide tools to support common human needs, such as mental functioning, personal mobility, sensory functions, daily living activities, image processing, pattern recognition, machine learning and how language processing and computer graphics cooperate with robotics to provide such tools. Users will learn about the emerging computer vision techniques for supporting mental functioning, algorithms for analyzing human behavior, and how smart interfaces and virtual reality tools lead to the development of advanced rehabilitation systems able to perform human action and activity recognition. In addition, the book covers the technology behind intelligent wheelchairs, how computer vision technologies have the potential to assist blind people, and about the computer vision-based solutions recently employed for safety and health monitoring. - Gives the state-of-the-art computer vision techniques and tools for assistive healthcare - Includes a broad range of topic areas, ranging from image processing, pattern recognition, machine learning to robotics, natural language processing and computer graphics - Presents a wide range of application areas, ranging from mobility, sensory substitution, and safety and security, to mental and physical rehabilitation and training - Written by leading researchers in this growing field of research - Describes the outstanding research challenges that still need to be tackled, giving researchers good indicators of research opportunities |
| alternate access assistive technology: Fundamentals of AAC Nerissa Hall, Jenifer Juengling-Sudkamp, Michelle L. Gutmann, Ellen R. Cohn, 2022-03-11 Fundamentals of AAC: A Case-Based Approach to Enhancing Communication is a course-friendly textbook designed to walk readers through the theoretical and clinical underpinnings of assessment, intervention, and consultation for individuals with complex communication needs across the lifespan. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) encompasses a variety of communication methods and is used by those with a wide range of speech and language impairments. With a consistent framework and descriptive case studies, as well as input from various stakeholders, readers can gain a comprehensive understanding of the needs of persons who use AAC and how to provide them with ethically and culturally considerate support. Unlike other texts on this topic, this book empowers the reader to visualize AAC in action. Each chapter offers evidence-based information about the topic along with a case study. The case studies combined with short essays from various stakeholders illustrate the variety of ways in which AAC can enhance an individual’s connection with their communication partners and community, and the role of the speech-language pathologist as integral to this process. Intended to easily translate into a 6-, 8-, or 13-week semester course, this textbook is divided into seven distinct sections: Section I provides an overview of AAC, no-tech, mid-tech, and high-tech AAC systems, as well as mobile technology and advancing technology. Section II discusses cultural and linguistic responsivity and how this underlies AAC systems and services. Section III reviews AAC assessment, intervention and implementation for toddlers, preschoolers, and school-aged individuals, along with goal-writing and data collection. Section IV covers assessment, intervention, and implementation for young adults and adults needing AAC. Section V offers the reader detailed information and rich examples of the application of AAC for persons with developmental disabilities. Section VI provides the theoretical foundation and exemplar case studies of AAC for persons with acquired disabilities. Section VII details consultation and training for various stakeholders, as well as tele-AAC services. Key Features: * Overviews with key terms set the stage for each section * 36 case studies with questions and visuals to clearly depict each case * Boxes with practical tips and expert advice |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technology Beverly K. Bain, Dawn Leger, 1997 A manual of assistive technology focusing on the consumer rather than then equipment. It takes a system approach to assistive technology and covers all facets of independent living for persons with disabilities. Presents essential information about the assessment of clients and evaluation of equipment needed for the effective use of technology. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Access All Areas Lawrie Phipps, Allan T. Sutherland, Jane Seale, 2002 |
| alternate access assistive technology: Computer Resources for People with Disabilities Alliance for Technology Access, 2004 Tells how to use the computer technology that now exists to overcome orinimize physical problems with speech, learning impairments, paralysis, andther disabilities. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Evaluation Strategies for Communicating and Reporting Rosalie T. Torres, Hallie Preskill, Mary E. Piontek, 2005 Evaluation Strategies for Communicating and Reporting has been thoroughly revised and updated creating 75% new material and 34 new case examples. The Second Edition provides worksheets and instructions for creating a detailed communicating and reporting plan based on audience needs and characteristics. Authors Rosalie T. Torres, Hallie Preskill, and Mary E. Piontek cover advances in technology including Web site communications, Web and videoconferencing, and Internet chat rooms. Also mentioned are several additional topics for consideration, including communicating and reporting for diverse audiences and for multi-site evaluations. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Online Course Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications Management Association, Information Resources, 2018-03-02 The rapid growth in online and virtual learning opportunities has created culturally diverse classes and corporate training sessions. Instruction for these learning opportunities must adjust to meet participant needs. Online Course Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a comprehensive reference source for the latest scholarly material on the trends, techniques, and management of online and distance-learning environments and examines the benefits and challenges of these developments. Highlighting a range of pertinent topics, such as blended learning, social presence, and educational online games, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for administrators, developers, instructors, staff, technical support, and students actively involved in teaching in online learning environments. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Word 2016 In Depth (includes Content Update Program) Faithe Wempen, 2015-11-03 Word 2016 IN DEPTH Beyond the Basics… Beneath the Surface…In Depth Do more in less time! Are you ready to harness the full power of Word 2016 to create professional documents? Then, you’re ready for Word 2016 In Depth. In this comprehensive guide to Word, you’ll learn the skills and techniques for efficiently building the documents you need for both your professional and your personal life. Faithe Wempen delivers step-by-step instructions, troubleshooting advice, and insider tips to help you improve your written image in business, academic, organizational, and personal settings. • Accelerate formatting by creating and applying themes and styles • Incorporate graphical content such as clip art, photos, SmartArt, and charts • Save your work in a variety of formats, including backward-compatible Word files, PDF and XPS page layouts, graphics, HTML, and more • Perform mail and data merges to generate catalogs, form letters, labels, and envelopes • Learn about the fields that drive many of Word’s most powerful features, and how to look behind the scenes to customize field behaviors • Use indexing, tables of contents, and master documents to organize book-length works • Cite sources and document references in a variety of formats, including APA and MLA • Collaborate with other people, even simultaneously, managing each person’s comments and changes • Create complex math formulas without leaving Word • Write and edit macros that automate repeated tasks • Work with your Word documents anywhere via OneDrive® and Office Online • Create user-interactive forms that include a variety of field types All In Depth books offer • Comprehensive coverage with detailed solutions • Troubleshooting help for tough problems you can’t fix on your own • Outstanding authors recognized worldwide for their expertise and teaching style Learning, reference, problem-solving...the only Word 2016 book you need! This book is part of Que’s Content Update Program. As Microsoft updates features of Word, sections of this book will be updated or new sections will be added to match the updates to the software. See inside for details. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Rehabilitation R & D Progress Reports , 1992 |
| alternate access assistive technology: Occupational Therapy Charles H. Christiansen, Julie Bass, Carolyn M. Baum, 2024-06-01 Occupational Therapy: Performance, Participation, and Well-Being, Fourth Edition, is a comprehensive occupational therapy text that introduces students to core knowledge in the profession and the foundations of practice—the occupations, person factors, and environment factors that support performance, participation, and well-being. Editors, Drs. Charles H. Christiansen, Carolyn M. Baum, and Julie D. Bass, are joined by more than 40 international scholars who bring students, faculty, and practitioners the evidence that supports occupational therapy practice. The PEOP Model 4th Edition is featured as an exemplar of a person-environment-occupation model and provides a valuable roadmap for understanding key concepts and developing strong clinical reasoning skills in the occupational therapy process. Features: Examines the theories, models, frameworks, and classifications that support contemporary knowledge of person, environment, and occupational factors. Presents detailed chapters on the occupations of children and youth, adults, older adults, organizations, and populations Provides extensive coverage of the person factors (psychological, cognition, sensory, motor, physiological, spirituality) and environment factors (culture, social, physical, policy, technology) that support occupational performance Includes exceptional content on the essentials of professional practice - therapeutic use of self, evidence-based practice, professionalism, lifelong development, ethics, business fundamentals, and critical concepts Builds clear links with the AOTA’s Occupational Therapy Practice Framework, Third Edition; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, and accreditation standards for entry-level occupational therapy programs. Introduces emerging practice areas of self-management, community-based practice, technology, and teaching/learning and opportunities to work with organizations and populations Incorporates international and global perspectives on core knowledge and occupational therapy practice. Documents assessments, interventions, resources, and evidence in user-friendly tables Uses simple and complex cases to illustrate key concepts and ideas. New and Updated Sections in the Fourth Edition: Individual chapters on each person factor and environmental factor and occupations across the lifespan Expanded coverage of approaches for organizations and populations and entry-level professional skills Consistent framework of tables and language across chapters and sections. Included with the text are online supplemental materials for faculty use in the classroom including PowerPoint presentations. |
| alternate access assistive technology: Assistive Technology and Universal Design for Learning Kim K. Floyd, Tara Jeffs, Kathleen S. Puckett, Assistive Technology and Universal Design for Learning: Toolkits for Inclusive Instruction is an innovative textbook on instructional and assistive technology. Designed for both undergraduate and graduate teaching programs, student readers can expect to gain a thorough understanding of how assistive technology and UDL can be integrated into educational settings. This text delves into data analytics platforms for analyzing student behavior, learning management systems for facilitating communication, and software emphasizing UDL. Students will learn how to create accessible environments and systems while also focusing on multiple means of representation, engagement, and expression to accommodate all learners. With a developmental focus that supports learners across intellectual, sensory, and motor challenges, this text will serve as a valuable guide on how these technologies can be utilized to effectively transform the classroom and revolutionize education. Key Features: * Infuses assistive technology and UDL * Includes a unique chapter on distance education, behavior, and emerging technologies * Has a developmental focus that supports learners across intellectual, sensory, and motor challenges * Toolkits that include resources, strategies, and instructional methods to equip readers to foster an inclusive classroom environment across content areas * Learning Outcomes at the beginning of each chapter to provide clear direction for navigating the content * Chapter summaries that support understanding of key concepts * Chapter activities that support integrating technology within the curriculum * Glossary with definitions of key terminology use |
| alternate access assistive technology: Inclusive Design Guidelines for HCI Collette Nicolle, Julio Abascal, 2001-06-28 The elderly population is growing and disabilities tend to increase with age. Professionals in the field of human-computer interaction (HCI) are becoming increasingly aware of the needs of the elderly and people with disabilities. They also need to ensure that systems are designed for all, with specific consideration of these groups, not only computing systems but also other assistive and adaptive technologies such as information services and the use of smart cards, assistive robotics, systems for travellers, and home and environmental control systems. Designers need to monitor the latest developments in the design of HCI and to appreciate their impact on accessibility and usability. |
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