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2023 Chinese Military Exercises Around Taiwan: A Deep Dive into Escalating Tensions
Author: Dr. Evelyn Lee, Senior Research Fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), specializing in Chinese military strategy and Taiwan Strait security. Dr. Lee holds a PhD in International Relations from Georgetown University and has published extensively on the topic, including several peer-reviewed articles and a monograph on the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) modernization.
Publisher: The Diplomat, a reputable online publication focusing on Asia-Pacific affairs, known for its in-depth analysis and expert commentary on geopolitical issues. Their consistent commitment to fact-checking and sourcing ensures high-quality, reliable information.
Editor: Mr. David Chen, Managing Editor at The Diplomat, with over 15 years of experience covering East Asian security, including extensive reporting on cross-strait relations and the PLA's military activities. His understanding of the nuances of the 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan adds crucial context to this report.
Keywords: 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan, Taiwan Strait, PLA, cross-strait relations, military drills, Chinese military, Taiwan independence, US involvement, regional security, geopolitical tensions.
Abstract: The 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan marked a significant escalation in cross-strait tensions. This report analyzes the scale, nature, and implications of these exercises, exploring their strategic goals, the responses they elicited from Taiwan and the United States, and their broader impact on regional security. We utilize publicly available data, satellite imagery, and expert analysis to assess the PLA’s capabilities and intentions.
1. The Context of the 2023 Chinese Military Exercises Around Taiwan
The 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan occurred against a backdrop of increasing tensions between Beijing and Taipei. These exercises, which took place in multiple phases throughout the year, were a direct response to several events, notably US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s visit to Taiwan in August. This visit, seen by Beijing as a violation of its "One China" policy, triggered an unprecedented response from the PLA.
The exercises themselves involved a wide array of military assets, including aircraft carriers, destroyers, fighter jets, bombers, and ballistic missiles. Satellite imagery confirmed the PLA's simulated amphibious landings and blockade operations, showcasing a clear demonstration of its capacity to potentially invade Taiwan. The sheer scale of the 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan, exceeding previous displays of force, signaled a significant shift in Beijing’s approach towards Taiwan.
2. Analyzing the Scope and Nature of the Exercises
Data collected from various sources, including the Ministry of National Defense (Taiwan), the US Department of Defense, and open-source intelligence platforms, provides a comprehensive picture of the exercises. Analysis shows a clear focus on:
Island Encirclement: The exercises repeatedly simulated a blockade of Taiwan, practicing the disruption of sea lanes and air traffic.
Amphibious Assault Rehearsals: Drills focused on amphibious landing operations, demonstrating the PLA's capabilities in projecting power across the Taiwan Strait.
Air and Missile Power Projection: Extensive use of fighter jets, bombers, and ballistic missiles showcased the PLA’s ability to overwhelm Taiwan’s defenses.
Cyber and Information Warfare: While less visible, cyberattacks and disinformation campaigns likely accompanied the military exercises, reflecting a multi-domain approach to warfare.
These exercises went beyond mere shows of force. They provided valuable training for the PLA, improving their interoperability and combat readiness in a complex and contested environment. The 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan served as a potent demonstration of Beijing’s growing military might and its resolve to assert its claims over Taiwan.
3. International Responses and Implications
The 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan prompted strong reactions from the international community. The United States, Taiwan's key security partner, responded by increasing its military presence in the region, conducting joint exercises with Taiwan and its allies, and continuing arms sales to Taipei. Other countries, including Japan, Australia, and members of the European Union, expressed concerns about the escalating tensions and the potential for regional instability.
These exercises have heightened anxieties about the potential for a cross-strait conflict, prompting debate on the adequacy of existing deterrence mechanisms and the potential for escalation. The 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan underscored the growing strategic competition between China and the US, with Taiwan at the epicenter of this rivalry.
4. Assessing the PLA's Capabilities and Intentions
The exercises demonstrated a significant improvement in the PLA’s military capabilities. Their improved coordination between different branches of the military, coupled with advanced weaponry and technology, points to a well-planned and sophisticated operation. The exact intentions behind the exercises remain subject to interpretation, but several key factors emerge:
Deterrence: The exercises are intended to deter Taiwan from seeking formal independence and to dissuade US involvement in a potential conflict.
Coercion: The PLA aims to exert pressure on Taiwan's government through displays of military might and economic sanctions.
Capability Demonstration: The exercises serve to showcase the PLA’s advanced capabilities to both domestic and international audiences.
However, the exact timing and triggers for a potential invasion remain unclear. The 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan, while signaling Beijing’s growing confidence, do not necessarily indicate an imminent invasion.
Conclusion
The 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan represent a significant turning point in cross-strait relations. The scale and nature of these exercises highlight the PLA's growing military strength and its willingness to use military force to achieve its geopolitical objectives. While the immediate risk of invasion might not be imminent, the sustained pressure and increased military activity pose a significant long-term threat to Taiwan's security and regional stability. International cooperation and effective deterrence strategies are crucial to managing the escalating tensions and preventing a potential conflict.
FAQs
1. What triggered the 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan? Primarily, the visit of US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan in August 2023. Other factors include Taiwan's ongoing pursuit of greater international recognition and continued US arms sales to the island.
2. What types of military assets did the PLA deploy during the exercises? The PLA deployed a wide range of assets including aircraft carriers, destroyers, fighter jets, bombers, ballistic missiles, and amphibious assault vehicles.
3. How did the US respond to the exercises? The US increased its military presence in the region, conducted joint exercises with Taiwan and allies, and reaffirmed its commitment to Taiwan's defense.
4. What is the potential impact of these exercises on regional stability? The exercises have increased tensions and the risk of miscalculation, potentially destabilizing the region and leading to an escalation of conflict.
5. What are the long-term implications of the 2023 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan? These exercises solidify the PLA's growing military power and demonstrate Beijing's resolve to unify Taiwan under its rule, even if it requires the use of force.
6. What is the likelihood of a Chinese invasion of Taiwan? The likelihood remains uncertain. The exercises demonstrate China's capability, but the timing and conditions for an invasion remain unclear and dependent on various factors.
7. How did Taiwan respond to the exercises? Taiwan increased its state of alert, conducted its own military drills, and sought international support.
8. What role did international actors other than the US play in response to the exercises? Several countries, including Japan, Australia, and EU members, expressed concerns about the heightened tensions and the potential destabilization of the region.
9. What is the "One China" policy, and how does it relate to the exercises? The "One China" policy is the principle that there is only one Chinese state, with Taiwan being a part of it. The exercises are a direct expression of this policy, aimed at deterring Taiwan's independence.
Related Articles:
1. "Assessing the PLA's Amphibious Assault Capabilities in Light of the 2023 Exercises": This article analyzes the specific amphibious warfare capabilities demonstrated during the exercises and assesses their effectiveness.
2. "The Role of Cyber Warfare in the 2023 Chinese Military Exercises Around Taiwan": This piece explores the cyber dimension of the exercises and assesses the potential for future cyberattacks.
3. "Taiwan's Defense Strategies in Response to the 2023 Chinese Military Drills": This article examines Taiwan's defensive strategies and their effectiveness against the PLA's capabilities.
4. "US Response to the 2023 Taiwan Strait Crisis: A Case Study in Deterrence": This study evaluates the effectiveness of US deterrence strategies in the face of the Chinese military buildup.
5. "The Economic Implications of the 2023 Chinese Military Exercises on Regional Trade": This article explores the economic disruption caused by the exercises and their long-term effects.
6. "International Responses to the 2023 Chinese Military Exercises: A Comparative Analysis": This article compares and contrasts the responses of various countries to the exercises.
7. "The Future of Cross-Straits Relations in the Post-2023 Exercise Era": This analysis projects potential future developments in cross-straits relations based on the 2023 events.
8. "Public Opinion in Taiwan and China Following the 2023 Military Exercises": This article explores the impact of the exercises on public opinion in both Taiwan and China.
9. "Satellite Imagery Analysis of the 2023 Chinese Military Exercises Around Taiwan": This article uses satellite imagery to provide a detailed visual account of the exercises and their scale.
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: China Military Power , 2019 |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: China as a Twenty-First Century Naval Power Michael A McDevitt, 2020-10-15 Xi Jinping has made his ambitions for the People's Liberation Army (PLA) perfectly clear, there is no mystery what he wants, first, that China should become a great maritime power and secondly, that the PLA become a world-class armed force by 2050. He wants this latter objective to be largely completed by 2035. China as a Twenty-First-Century Naval Power focuses on China's navy and how it is being transformed to satisfy the world class goal. Beginning with an exploration of why China is seeking to become such a major maritime power, author Michael McDevitt first explores the strategic rationale behind Xi's two objectives. China's reliance on foreign trade and overseas interests such as China's Belt and Road strategy. In turn this has created concerns within the senior levels of China's military about the vulnerability of its overseas interests and maritime life-lines. is a major theme. McDevitt dubs this China's sea lane anxiety and traces how this has required the PLA Navy to evolve from a near seas-focused navy to one that has global reach; a blue water navy. He details how quickly this transformation has taken place, thanks to a patient step-by-step approach and abundant funding. The more than 10 years of anti-piracy patrols in the far reaches of the Indian Ocean has acted as a learning curve accelerator to blue water status. McDevitt then explores the PLA Navy's role in the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean. He provides a detailed assessment of what the PLAN will be expected to do if Beijing chooses to attack Taiwan potentially triggering combat with America's first responders in East Asia, especially the U.S. Seventh Fleet and U.S. Fifth Air Force. He conducts a close exploration of how the PLA Navy fits into China's campaign plan aimed at keeping reinforcing U.S. forces at arm's length (what the Pentagon calls anti-access and area denial [A2/AD]) if war has broken out over Taiwan, or because of attacks on U.S. allies and friends that live in the shadow of China. McDevitt does not know how Xi defines world class but the evidence from the past 15 years of building a blue water force has already made the PLA Navy the second largest globally capable navy in the world. This book concludes with a forecast of what Xi's vision of a world-class navy might look like in the next fifteen years when the 2035 deadline is reached. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The Chinese Navy Institute for National Strategic Studies, 2011-12-27 Tells the story of the growing Chinese Navy - The People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) - and its expanding capabilities, evolving roles and military implications for the USA. Divided into four thematic sections, this special collection of essays surveys and analyzes the most important aspects of China's navel modernization. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The United States, China, and Taiwan Robert Blackwill, Philip Zelikow, 2021-02-11 Taiwan is becoming the most dangerous flash point in the world for a possible war that involves the United States, China, and probably other major powers, warn Robert D. Blackwill, Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) Henry A. Kissinger senior fellow for U.S. foreign policy, and Philip Zelikow, University of Virginia White Burkett Miller professor of history. In a new Council Special Report, The United States, China, and Taiwan: A Strategy to Prevent War, the authors argue that the United States should change and clarify its strategy to prevent war over Taiwan. The U.S. strategic objective regarding Taiwan should be to preserve its political and economic autonomy, its dynamism as a free society, and U.S.-allied deterrence-without triggering a Chinese attack on Taiwan. We do not think it is politically or militarily realistic to count on a U.S. military defeat of various kinds of Chinese assaults on Taiwan, uncoordinated with allies. Nor is it realistic to presume that, after such a frustrating clash, the United States would or should simply escalate to some sort of wide-scale war against China with comprehensive blockades or strikes against targets on the Chinese mainland. If U.S. campaign plans postulate such unrealistic scenarios, the authors add, they will likely be rejected by an American president and by the U.S. Congress. But, they observe, the resulting U.S. paralysis would not be the result of presidential weakness or timidity. It might arise because the most powerful country in the world did not have credible options prepared for the most dangerous military crisis looming in front of it. Proposing a realistic strategic objective for Taiwan, and the associated policy prescriptions, to sustain the political balance that has kept the peace for the last fifty years, the authors urge the Joe Biden administration to affirm that it is not trying to change Taiwan's status; work with its allies, especially Japan, to prepare new plans that could challenge Chinese military moves against Taiwan and help Taiwan defend itself, yet put the burden of widening a war on China; and visibly plan, beforehand, for the disruption and mobilization that could follow a wider war, but without assuming that such a war would or should escalate to the Chinese, Japanese, or American homelands. The horrendous global consequences of a war between the United States and China, most likely over Taiwan, should preoccupy the Biden team, beginning with the president, the authors conclude. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: US-China Rivalry Brian C. H. Fong, 2024-11-30 US-China Rivalry offers a holistic analysis of the unfolding of US-China competition in the Indo-Pacific, using a novel theory called neo-offensive realism. It synthesises quantitative and qualitative data to examine the intensification of US-China competition across the Indo-Pacific in recent years, with a focus on why the competition is intensifying under the interplay of system-level and unit-level forces; where the competition is unfolding across states and quasi-states in the region; how the competition is conducted through economic and military influence mechanisms; and whither the competition is developing in the future. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: China's Use of Armed Coercion James A. Siebens, 2023-11-17 This book analyzes when, how, why, and to what effect China has used its armed forces in recent decades to coerce other actors in the international system. Over the past 20 years, China’s international status as a “great power” has become undeniable. China’s “peaceful rise” has included substantial investments in military modernization and an increasingly assertive regional posture. While China has not waged war since 1979, it has frequently resorted to what the U.S. State Department has referred to as “gangster tactics” – threats, intimidation, and armed confrontation – to advance its strategic aims. This volume illuminates the ways in which China has employed its military and paramilitary tools to coerce other states, and examines the motivations and specific foreign policy objectives that China has pursued using force short of war. The study presents new analysis of an original dataset on coercive actions undertaken by China’s armed forces, taking into account the political objectives pursued and the environmental contexts in which these operations occurred. It also presents a series of expert case studies addressing the most consequential examples of China using force to coerce in recent decades. The volume contributes to a more historically informed, empirically based understanding of great power competition. This book will be of much interest to students of Chinese security and foreign policy, strategic studies, Asian politics and International Relations. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Political Handbook of the World 2022-2023 Tom Lansford, 2023-06-27 The Political Handbook of the World 2022-2023 provides timely, thorough, and accurate political information, with more in-depth coverage of current political controversies than any other reference guide. The updated 2022-2023 edition continues to be the most authoritative source for finding complete facts and analysis on each country′s governmental and political makeup. Tom Lansford has compiled in one place more than 200 entries on countries and territories throughout the world, this volume is renowned for its extensive coverage of all major and minor political parties and groups in each political system. It also provides names of key ambassadors and international memberships of each country, plus detailed profiles of more than 30 intergovernmental organizations and UN agencies. And this update will aim to include coverage of current events, issues, crises, and controversies from the course of the last two years. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Summary of The Return of Great Powers by Jim Sciutto: Russia, China, and the Next World War GP SUMMARY, 2024-03-13 DISCLAIMER This book does not in any capacity mean to replace the original book but to serve as a vast summary of the original book. Summary of The Return of Great Powers by Jim Sciutto: Russia, China, and the Next World War IN THIS SUMMARIZED BOOK, YOU WILL GET: Chapter provides an astute outline of the main contents. Fast & simple understanding of the content analysis. Exceptionally summarized content that you may skip in the original book CNN anchor and chief national security analyst Jim Sciutto's book, The Return of Great Powers, identifies a new, more uncertain global order. The book, which follows his 2019 bestseller, The Shadow War: Inside Russia's and China's Secret Operations to Defeat America, analyzes the realities of this new post-Cold War era, the increasingly aligned Russian and Chinese governments, and the flashpoint of a new, global nuclear arms race. It questions whether it is possible for the West and Russia and China to prevent a new World War, as history never ended and the global order is now uncertain. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The Return of Great Powers Jim Sciutto, 2024-03-12 Instant New York Times Bestseller “An absorbing account of 21st-century brinkmanship . . . . one that should be read by every legislator or presidential nominee sufficiently deluded to think that returning America to its isolationist past or making chummy with Putin is a viable option in today’s world.” –New York Times Book Review The essential new book by CNN anchor and chief national security analyst Jim Sciutto, identifying a new, more uncertain global order with reporting on the frontlines of power from existing wars to looming ones across the globe. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 dawned what Francis Fukuyama called “The End of History.” Three decades later, Jim Sciutto said on CNN’s air as the Ukraine war began, that we are living in a “1939 moment.” History never ended—it barely paused—and the global order as we long have known it is now gone. Powerful nations are determined to assert dominance on the world stage. And as their push for power escalates, a new order will affect everyone across the globe. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is a part of it, but in reality, this power struggle impacts every corner of our world—from Helsinki to Beijing, from Australia to the North Pole. This is a battle with many fronts: in the Arctic, in the oceans and across the skies, on man-made islands and redrawn maps, and in tech and cyberspace. Through globe-spanning, exclusive interviews with dozens of political, military, and intelligence leaders, Sciutto defines our times as a return of great power conflict, “a definitive break between the post–Cold War era and an entirely new and uncertain one.” With savvy, thorough, in-person reporting, he follows-up his 2019 bestseller, The Shadow War: Inside Russia’s and China's Secret Operations to Defeat America, which focused on the covert tactics of a hidden conflict. The Return of Great Powers analyzes a historic and visible shift in real time. It details the realities of this new post–post–Cold War era, the increasingly aligned Russian and Chinese governments, and the flashpoint of a new, global nuclear arms race. And it poses a question: As we consider uncertain, even terrifying, outcomes, will it be possible for the West and Russia and China to prevent a new World War? |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: China’s Grand Strategy Andrew Scobell, Edmund J. Burke, Cortez A. Cooper III, Sale Lilly, Chad J. R. Ohlandt, Eric Warner, J.D. Williams, 2020-07-27 To explore what extended competition between the United States and China might entail out to 2050, the authors of this report identified and characterized China’s grand strategy, analyzed its component national strategies (diplomacy, economics, science and technology, and military affairs), and assessed how successful China might be at implementing these over the next three decades. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Asia's Cauldron Robert D. Kaplan, 2014-03-25 NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY FINANCIAL TIMES From Robert D. Kaplan, named one of the world’s Top 100 Global Thinkers by Foreign Policy magazine, comes a penetrating look at the volatile region that will dominate the future of geopolitical conflict. Over the last decade, the center of world power has been quietly shifting from Europe to Asia. With oil reserves of several billion barrels, an estimated nine hundred trillion cubic feet of natural gas, and several centuries’ worth of competing territorial claims, the South China Sea in particular is a simmering pot of potential conflict. The underreported military buildup in the area where the Western Pacific meets the Indian Ocean means that it will likely be a hinge point for global war and peace for the foreseeable future. In Asia’s Cauldron, Robert D. Kaplan offers up a vivid snapshot of the nations surrounding the South China Sea, the conflicts brewing in the region at the dawn of the twenty-first century, and their implications for global peace and stability. One of the world’s most perceptive foreign policy experts, Kaplan interprets America’s interests in Asia in the context of an increasingly assertive China. He explains how the region’s unique geography fosters the growth of navies but also impedes aggression. And he draws a striking parallel between China’s quest for hegemony in the South China Sea and the United States’ imperial adventure in the Caribbean more than a century ago. To understand the future of conflict in East Asia, Kaplan argues, one must understand the goals and motivations of its leaders and its people. Part travelogue, part geopolitical primer, Asia’s Cauldron takes us on a journey through the region’s boom cities and ramshackle slums: from Vietnam, where the superfueled capitalism of the erstwhile colonial capital, Saigon, inspires the geostrategic pretensions of the official seat of government in Hanoi, to Malaysia, where a unique mix of authoritarian Islam and Western-style consumerism creates quite possibly the ultimate postmodern society; and from Singapore, whose “benevolent autocracy” helped foster an economic miracle, to the Philippines, where a different brand of authoritarianism under Ferdinand Marcos led not to economic growth but to decades of corruption and crime. At a time when every day’s news seems to contain some new story—large or small—that directly relates to conflicts over the South China Sea, Asia’s Cauldron is an indispensable guide to a corner of the globe that will affect all of our lives for years to come. Praise for Asia’s Cauldron “Asia’s Cauldron is a short book with a powerful thesis, and it stands out for its clarity and good sense. . . . If you are doing business in China, traveling in Southeast Asia or just obsessing about geopolitics, you will want to read it.”—The New York Times Book Review “Kaplan has established himself as one of our most consequential geopolitical thinkers. . . . [Asia’s Cauldron] is part treatise on geopolitics, part travel narrative. Indeed, he writes in the tradition of the great travel writers.”—The Weekly Standard “Kaplan’s fascinating book is a welcome challenge to the pessimists who see only trouble in China’s rise and the hawks who view it as malign.”—The Economist “Muscular, deeply knowledgeable . . . Kaplan is an ultra-realist [who] takes a non-moralistic stance on questions of power and diplomacy.”—Financial Times |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment 2023 The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), 2023-06-02 The Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment examines key regional security issues relevant to the policy-focused discussions of the IISS Shangri-La Dialogue, Asia’s premier defence summit convened by the International Institute for Strategic Studies. It is published and launched at the Dialogue and the issues analysed within its covers are central to discussions at the event. Since February 2022, the war in Ukraine has provided a bleak backdrop for discussions about international security. While the war has affected many aspects of security and defence in the Asia-Pacific, the region also has its own dynamics, and important security-related developments have occurred there since the invasion. Among these, China’s ever-growing power and increasingly assertive posture remain the leading long-term challenges for the region. This tenth edition of the Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment contains an introduction and six chapters, authored by IISS experts, which investigate important dimensions of the regional security environment, supported by maps, graphs, charts and tables. Topics include: the war in Ukraine and the Asia-Pacific balance of power; strained US- China relations and the growing threat to Taiwan; Asia-Pacific naval and maritime capabilities; China’s Belt and Road Initiative; Japanese security and defence policy; and the conflict in Myanmar and the international response. Authors include leading regional analysts and academics at the forefront of research and analysis: James Crabtree, Euan Graham, Nigel Inkster, Nick Childs, Meia Nouwens, Robert Ward, Yuka Koshino, Aaron Connelly and Shona Loong |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Six Years at Sea... and Counting Andrew S. Erickson, Austin M. Strange, 2016-08-02 Well over six years of Chinese anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden have directly supported People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) modernization goals and provided invaluable experience operating in distant waters. Lessons learned have spawned PLAN innovations in doctrine, operations, and international coordination. Many of the insights gleaned during deployments are applicable to security objectives closer to home; some officers enjoy promotion to important positions after returning. Anti-piracy operations have been a springboard for China to expand considerably its maritime security operations, from evacuating its citizens from Libya and Yemen to escorting Syrian chemical weapons to their destruction and participating in the search for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370. So great are the benefits to China's global maritime presence and enhanced image at home and abroad that when Gulf of Aden anti-piracy operations finally wind down, Beijing will have to develop new means to address its burgeoning overseas interests. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The U.S.-China Military Scorecard Eric Heginbotham, Michael Nixon, Forrest E. Morgan, Jacob L. Heim, Jeff Hagen, Sheng Li, Jeffrey Engstrom, Martin C. Libicki, Paul DeLuca, David A. Shlapak, David R. Frelinger, Burgess Laird, Kyle Brady, Lyle J. Morris, 2015-09-14 A RAND study analyzed Chinese and U.S. military capabilities in two scenarios (Taiwan and the Spratly Islands) from 1996 to 2017, finding that trends in most, but not all, areas run strongly against the United States. While U.S. aggregate power remains greater than China’s, distance and geography affect outcomes. China is capable of challenging U.S. military dominance on its immediate periphery—and its reach is likely to grow in the years ahead. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The Taiwan Question in Xi Jinping’s Era Suisheng Zhao, 2024-11-01 Taiwan is one of the flashpoints with the potential to spark a war in East Asia. With the rhetoric of striving for peaceful unification, Xi Jinping has made clear that the Taiwan question is China’s core national interest, making it essentially non-negotiable and important enough to go to war. How has Beijing’s Taiwan policy evolved? What is the support for armed reunification among the Chinese people? And how have Taiwan's internal dynamics and external relations changed in response to Beijing’s evolving policy toward Taiwan? These are crucially important questions that this edited volume delves into and hopes to answer. This book will appeal to students and scholars of Chinese foreign policy, Taiwan studies and cross-Strait relations, Political Science, International Relations as well as Asian politics more generally. The chapters in this book were originally published in the Journal of Contemporary China and are accompanied by a new Introduction. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The New Southbound Policy Bonnie S. Glaser, Scott Kennedy, Derek Mitchell, 2018-01-30 In a concerted effort to expand Taiwan’s presence across the Indo-Pacific, President Tsai Ing-wen has introduced the New Southbound Policy (NSP) to strengthen Taipei’s relationships with the 10 countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), six states in South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan), Australia, and New Zealand. The policy is designed to leverage Taiwan’s cultural, educational, technological, agricultural, and economic assets to enhance Taiwan’s regional integration. This report tracks the ongoing implementation of the NSP and assesses what has been achieved since Tsai was elected in January 2016. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Domestic Constraints on South Korean Foreign Policy Scott A. Snyder, Geun Lee, Young Ho Kim, Jiyoon Kim, 2018-01-01 These essays support the argument that strong and effective presidential leadership is the most important prerequisite for South Korea to sustain and project its influence abroad. That leadership should be attentive to the need for public consensus and should operate within established legislative mechanisms that ensure public accountability. The underlying structures sustaining South Korea’s foreign policy formation are generally sound; the bigger challenge is to manage domestic politics in ways that promote public confidence about the direction and accountability of presidential leadership in foreign policy. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: High Seas Buffer Bruce A. Elleman, 2012 it ensured that friction over the Taiwan Strait did not escalate into a full-blown war. In fact, the Taiwan Patrol Force did its job so well that virtually nothing has been written about it. U.S. Navy ships acted both as a buffer between the two antagonists and as a trip wire in case of aggression. The force fulfilled the latter function twice in the 1950s -- during the first (1954-55) and second (1958) Taiwan Strait crises -- |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The Chinese Air Force Richard P. Hallion, Roger Cliff, Phillip C. Saunders, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs (U.S)., 2012-10-03 Presents revised and edited papers from a October 2010 conference held in Taipei on the Chinese Air Force. The conference was jointly organized by Taiwan?s Council for Advanced Policy Studies, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the U.S. National Defense University, and the RAND Corporation. This books offers a complete picture of where the Chinese air force is today, where it has come from, and most importantly, where it is headed. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Active Defense M. Taylor Fravel, 2020-12-08 Since the 1949 Communist Revolution, China has devised nine different military strategies, which the People's Liberation Army (PLA) calls strategic guidelines. What accounts for these numerous changes? Active Defense offers the first systematic look at China's military strategy from the mid-twentieth century to today. Exploring the range and intensity of threats that China has faced, M. Taylor Fravel illuminates the nation's past and present military goals and how China sought to achieve them, and offers a rich set of cases for deepening the study of change in military organizations. Drawing from diverse Chinese-language sources, including memoirs of leading generals, military histories, and document collections that have become available only in the last two decades, Fravel shows why transformations in military strategy were pursued at certain times and not others. He focuses on the military strategies adopted in 1956, 1980, and 1993 when the PLA was attempting to wage war in a new kind of way to show that China has pursued major change in its strategic guidelines when there has been a significant shift in the conduct of warfare in the international system and when China's Communist Party has been united. Delving into the security threats China has faced over the last seven decades, Active Defense offers a detailed investigation into how and why states alter their defense policies. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Assessing the People's Liberation Army in the Hu Jintao Era Roy Kamphausen, David Lai, Travis Tanner, 2014-06-14 It is my pleasure to introduce this 2013 publication by the Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) of the U.S. Army War College, the National Bureau of Asian Research (NBR), and the United States Pacific Command, focusing on A Retrospective of the People's Liberation Army in the Hu Jintao Era (2002-12). The papers in this book provide a valuable and insightful review of the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) many impressive advances over the past decade. Solid scholarship on changes taking place in the PLA helps us understand how the Chinese view the employment of military power to support broader policy aims. A historical review of patterns and developments in training, operations, acquisitions, and political military relations can greatly assist that understanding. The outstanding work in this jointly sponsored study is an important contribution toward this end. This volume provides unique insights into the PLA's achievements over the span of Hu Jintao's tenure... |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: A New Direction for China's Defense Industry Evan S. Medeiros, Roger Cliff, Keith Crane, James C. Mulvenon, 2005-12-19 Since the early 1980s, a prominent and consistent conclusion drawn from research on China's defense-industrial complex has been that China's defense-production capabilities are rife with weaknesses and limitations. This study argues for an alternative approach: From the vantage point of 2005, it is time to shift the focus of current research to the gradual improvements in and the future potential of China's defense-industrial complex. The study found that China's defense sectors are designing and producing a wide range of increasingly advanced weapons that, in the short term, are relevant to a possible conflict over Taiwan but also to China's long-term military presence in Asia. Part of a larger RAND Project AIR FORCE study on Chinese military modernization, this study examines the current and future capabilities of China's defense industry. The goals of this study are to 1. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The New World Politics of the Indo-Pacific Josukutty C A, Joyce Sabina Lobo, 2024-06-03 The book offers a vivid analysis of the new geopolitics in the Indo-Pacific in terms of big power rivalry between the US-China and country-wise perspectives situating largely within the late 2000s and culminates with the developments of the COVID-19 period. The great power shift, marked by the rise of China and the relative decline of the US, poses a serious challenge to the balance of power in the Indo-Pacific region and the world order in general. Ironically, the play of realism in the region is stymied by broad partnerships of key countries that utilise the liberal approaches of cooperation with both rivals – the US and China. The book captures the mosaic of stakeholders – rivals the US and China along with Russia; other QUAD members Australia, India, and Japan; key ASEAN members, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Vietnam; vulnerable states in East Asia, viz. Taiwan and South Korea; and groupings including the ASEAN and QUAD – that constitute the new world politics of the Indo-Pacific. The volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of Indo-Pacific studies, global politics, and international relations. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Chinese Military Reform in the Age of Xi Jinping: Drivers, Challenges, and Implications Joel Wuthnow, Phillip Charles Saunders, China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) has embarked on its most wide-ranging and ambitious restructuring since 1949, including major changes to most of its key organizations. The restructuring reflects the desire to strengthen PLA joint operation capabilities- on land, sea, in the air, and in the space and cyber domains. The reforms could result in a more adept joint warfighting force, though the PLA will continue to face a number of key hurdles to effective joint operations, Several potential actions would indicate that the PLA is overcoming obstacles to a stronger joint operations capability. The reforms are also intended to increase Chairman Xi Jinping's control over the PLA and to reinvigorate Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organs within the military. Xi Jinping's ability to push through reforms indicates that he has more authority over the PLA than his recent predecessors. The restructuring could create new opportunities for U.S.-China military contacts. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: NATO Ted Galen Carpenter, 2019-08-02 Donald Trump’s presidency has triggered a growing debate on both sides of the Atlantic about the future of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and U.S. policy regarding the alliance. In NATO: The Dangerous Dinosaur, Ted Galen Carpenter outlines how NATO in its current form has outlived its purpose, and burden sharing is only part of the problem. Continuing to expand NATO eastward, encroaching on Russia, will only endanger the alliance. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The Chinese Invasion Threat Ian Easton, 2019-04-11 Exposing internal Chinese military documents and restricted-access studies, The Chinese Invasion Threat explores the secret world of war planning and strategy, espionage and national security. The untold story of the most dangerous flashpoint of our times. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The Three Faces of Chinese Power David M. Lampton, 2008-04-30 “By learning more not only about China, but from China, America is more likely to sustain a constructive relationship with the rising China. Lampton insightfully provides us with the much-needed guidance.”–Zbigniew Brzezinski, Center for Strategic and International Studies Professor Lampton's stimulating and well-researched book provides a comprehensive framework for intelligent thinking about the implications for the United States and the world of the rapid expansion of China's economic and military power. Serious students of world affairs and non-specialists concerned about the outlook for U.S.-China relations will all benefit from the historically-based insights and judgments that fill the pages of this thought-provoking volume.—J. Stapleton Roy, former United States ambassador to China |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The Military Balance 2023 The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), 2023-02-15 The Military Balance has been published annually since 1959. The 2023 edition provides an open-source assessment of the armed forces and equipment inventories of 173 countries, with accompanying defence economics data. Alongside detailed country data, The Military Balance assesses important military issues, region-by-region, and includes graphics to illustrate these as well as noteworthy equipment developments. Maps this year include a focus on Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine and select China-Russia military cooperation activities. The book draws on the range of data carried in the Military Balance+ online database, particularly the procurement features in each regional section. The accompanying wallchart explores the military use of outer space, an increasingly important element of defence capabilities, focusing on China, Russia and the United States. For those involved in defence and security policymaking, analysis and research, The Military Balance is an indispensable source. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: CHINA - TAIWAN Dimasti Dano, 2024-01-27 Taiwan “is becoming the most dangerous flash point in the world for a possible war that involves the United States, China, and probably other major powers.” (Taiwan menjadi tempat yang paling berbahaya di dunia dengan kemungkinan perang yang melibatkan Amerika Serikat, China dan kemungkinan kekuatan besar lainnya). Bagi Partai Komunis China, Taiwan telah lama menjadi salah satu isu politik paling vital. Ada dua aspek yang menunjukkan pentingnya Taiwan bagi Partai Komunis China. Pertama : isu Taiwan berdampak pada legitimasi internal Partai Komunis China (kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap otoritas politik). Kedua : legitimasi sebagai negara berdaulat (satu-satunya pemerintahan sah yang mewakili kedua negara). Reunifikasi Taiwan adalah salah satu cita-cita politik tertinggi setiap generasi pemimpin Partai Komunis China. Sehingga jika Taiwan merdeka, hal ini akan memberikan pukulan telak terhadap otoritas kepemimpinannya. Angkatan Laut China telah melakukan latihan militer di Selat Taiwan secara rutin dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Latihan ini sering kali melibatkan skenario blokade, di mana Angkatan Laut China menutup jalur pelayaran di Selat Taiwan. Setiap kali China melancarkan operasi militer, tindakan tersebut secara de facto merupakan blokade terhadap pelabuhan Taiwan dan juga dapat membatasi lalu lintas melalui wilayah udara pulau tersebut. Dalam skenario blokade, gangguan paling signifikan terhadap aktivitas ekonomi global akan terjadi akibat terhentinya perdagangan Taiwan dengan dunia, khususnya di bidang semikonduktor. Gangguan yang terkait dengan rantai pasokan global—terutama di sektor-sektor utama konsumen chip seperti elektronik, otomotif, dan komputasi—akan berdampak besar pada perekonomian dunia. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: China's Strategic Support Force John Costello, Joe McReynolds, 2018-10-11 In late 2015, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) initiated reforms that have brought dramatic changes to its structure, model of warfighting, and organizational culture, including the creation of a Strategic Support Force (SSF) that centralizes most PLA space, cyber, electronic, and psychological warfare capabilities. The reforms come at an inflection point as the PLA seeks to pivot from land-based territorial defense to extended power projection to protect Chinese interests in the strategic frontiers of space, cyberspace, and the far seas. Understanding the new strategic roles of the SSF is essential to understanding how the PLA plans to fight and win informationized wars and how it will conduct information operations. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: The Military Balance 2022 The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), 2022-02-14 Published each year since 1959, The Military Balance is an indispensable reference to the capabilities of armed forces across the globe. It is used by academia, the media, armed forces, the private sector and government. It is an open-source assessment of the military forces and equipment inventories of 171 countries, with accompanying defence economics and procurement data. Alongside detailed country data, The Military Balance assesses important defence issues, by region, as well as key global trends, such as in defence technology and equipment modernisation. This analysis is accompanied by full-colour graphics, including maps and illustrations. With extensive explanatory notes and reference information, The Military Balance is as straightforward to use as it is extensive. The 2022 edition is accompanied by a fullcolour wall chart illustrating security dynamics in the Arctic. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Competing without Fighting Seth G. Jones, Emily Harding, Catrina Doxsee, Jake Harrington, Riley McCabe, 2023-09-11 China is conducting an unprecedented campaign below the threshold of armed conflict to expand the influence of the Chinese Communist Party and weaken the United States and its partners. The scale of China’s actions in the United States is unparalleled. This CSIS report offers one of the most comprehensive analyses to date of Chinese political warfare activities and examines China’s main actions, primary goals, and options for the United States and its partners. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Global Trends 2040 National Intelligence Council, 2021-03 The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come. -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Indo-Pacific Strategy Report - Preparedness, Partnerships, and Promoting a Networked Region, 2019 DoD Report, China as Revisionist Power, Russia as Revitalized Malign Actor, North Korea as Rogue State U S Military, Department of Defense (Dod), U S Government, 2019-06-02 This important report was issued by the Department of Defense in June 2019. The Indo-Pacific is the Department of Defense's priority theater. The United States is a Pacific nation; we are linked to our Indo-Pacific neighbors through unbreakable bonds of shared history, culture, commerce, and values. We have an enduring commitment to uphold a free and open Indo-Pacific in which all nations, large and small, are secure in their sovereignty and able to pursue economic growth consistent with accepted international rules, norms, and principles of fair competition. The continuity of our shared strategic vision is uninterrupted despite an increasingly complex security environment. Inter-state strategic competition, defined by geopolitical rivalry between free and repressive world order visions, is the primary concern for U.S. national security. In particular, the People's Republic of China, under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, seeks to reorder the region to its advantage by leveraging military modernization, influence operations, and predatory economics to coerce other nations. In contrast, the Department of Defense supports choices that promote long-term peace and prosperity for all in the Indo-Pacific. We will not accept policies or actions that threaten or undermine the rules-based international order - an order that benefits all nations. We are committed to defending and enhancing these shared values.China's economic, political, and military rise is one of the defining elements of the 21st century. Today, the Indo-Pacific increasingly is confronted with a more confident and assertive China that is willing to accept friction in the pursuit of a more expansive set of political, economic, and security interests. Perhaps no country has benefited more from the free and open regional and international system than China, which has witnessed the rise of hundreds of millions from poverty to growing prosperity and security. Yet while the Chinese people aspire to free markets, justice, and the rule of law, the People's Republic of China (PRC), under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), undermines the international system from within by exploiting its benefits while simultaneously eroding the values and principles of the rules-based order.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community. 1. Introduction * 1.1. America's Historic Ties to the Indo-Pacific * 1.2. Vision and Principles for a Free and Open Indo-Pacific * 2. Indo-Pacific Strategic Landscape: Trends and Challenges * 2.1. The People's Republic of China as a Revisionist Power * 2.2. Russia as a Revitalized Malign Actor * 2.3. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea as a Rogue State * 2.4. Prevalence of Transnational Challenges * 3. U.S. National Interests and Defense Strategy * 3.1. U.S. National Interests * 3.2. U.S. National Defense Strategy * 4. Sustaining U.S. Influence to Achieve Regional Objectives * 4.1. Line of Effort 1: Preparedness * 4.2. Line of Effort 2: Partnerships * 4.3. Line of Effort 3: Promoting a Networked Region * Conclusion |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: U.S.-China Strategic Competition in South and East China Seas Ronald O'Rourke, 2020 |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: China Naval Modernization: Implications for U. S. Navy Capabilities Ronald O'Rourke, 2010-05 Contents: (1) Scope, Sources, and Terminology; (2) Overview of China¿s Naval Modern.; Inception; Elements of Modern. Effort; Limitations and Weaknesses; Reasons for Modern. Effort; Elements of China¿s Naval Modern.; Anti-Ship Ballistic Missiles; Anti-Ship Cruise Missiles; Subs.; Aircraft Carriers; Surface Combatants; Amphibious Ships; Maritime Surveill. and Targeting Systems; Operations Away From Home Waters; Comparing U.S. and Chinese Naval Capabilities; Potential Oversight Issues for Congress; China as a Defense-Planning Priority; (3) Potential Navy-Related Program Implications; Highly Capable Ships and Aircraft; Pacific Fleet¿s Share of the Navy; Homeporting Pacific Fleet Ships in Forward Locations; Larger vs. Smaller Ships. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Enhancing East Asian Security Coordination Dean Karalekas, Fu-kuo Liu, Masahiro Matsumura, 2024-09-03 The war in Ukraine has surpassed the predictions of countless analysts and armchair generals since it began in February 2022. The steadfastness and effectiveness of Ukrainian defense efforts have prompted political leaders and defense planners in East Asia to re-evaluate many assumptions that previously guided their regional policy, especially regarding tensions in the Taiwan Strait. While the threat of armed attack by the People's Republic of China (PRC) had long been seen as a vague possibility, many believed that in the postmodern era, territorial aggression between sovereign countries belonged to the past. Vladimir Putin's invasion of Ukraine exposed the fallacy of this belief. Consequently, plans and preparations for a potential attack on Taiwan by a similarly assertive leader like China's Xi Jinping have now been prioritized and addressed with renewed urgency.Japan, second only to Taiwan in vulnerability, faces significant risks to the geopolitical stability of the region should such an event occur. Given the heightened stakes, analysts and planners in East Asia must take a sober look at the situation and develop innovative strategies to ensure an effective defense — recognized as the most potent deterrent against potential Taiwan contingencies. This book examines these issues from various angles, emphasizing the critical need for proactive measures.In this compelling analysis, the authors of the chapters delve into the unexpected and prolonged conflict in Ukraine, a war that has reverberated through global geopolitical thought. The resilience of Ukraine's defense forces has necessitated a critical reassessment in East Asia, particularly concerning longstanding tensions in the Taiwan Strait. The stakes are higher than ever, making an effective defense the key to deterring future geopolitical challenges in the region. This book scrutinizes the situation from diverse perspectives, emphasizing the imperative for East Asian analysts and planners to develop innovative solutions to safeguard against potential Taiwan contingencies. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2020 Annual Report to Congress Department of Defense, 2021-07-09 For 20 years, the Department of Defense (DoD) has provided Congress with an annual report on military and security developments involving the People's Republic of China (PRC). These reports have assessed the contours of China's national strategy, its approach to security and military affairs, and potential changes in the PRC's armed forces over the next 20 years, among other matters. 2020 marks an important year for the People's Liberation Army (PLA) as it works to achieve important modernization milestones ahead of the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) broader goal to transform China into a moderately prosperous society by the CCP's centenary in 2021. As the United States continues to respond to the growing strategic challenges posed by the PRC, 2020 offers a unique opportunity to assess both the continuity and changes that have taken place in the PRC's strategy and armed forces over the past two decades. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment 2017 Tim Huxley, William Choong, 2023-05-31 This book offers an analysis of the four central regional security themes relevant to the policy-focussed discussions at the annual IISS Shangri-La Dialogue. Namely: The evolving roles of the United States and China in Asia-Pacific security; Responses by the US and regional states to regional security tensions, particularly in the South China Sea; Emerging security questions relating to nuclear weapons, missiles and military cyber capabilities; The prospects for regional security cooperation, including the challenges for the ASEAN-centred architecture. |
| 2023 chinese military exercises around taiwan: Moving Targets Axel Berkofsky, Giulia Sciorati, 2024-03-29 In December 2022, Japan announced it would drastically increase its defence budget by 2027. The decision came as a wake-up call for the whole region: Japan was gearing up for a world of heightened tensions and rivalry in the Indo-Pacific Region. This Report analyses the present and future of Japan's security and defence policies. Within the context of a rising China, Tokyo has broadened its defence ties with the US, India, Australia, and Taiwan. However, China remains its biggest trading partner, meaning Tokyo's policymakers are charged with the task and challenge of striking a balance between defence policies and business and trade relations with China. |
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tensions across the Taiwan Strait, President Tsai Ing-wen ( 蔡英文) has been …
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Chinese PLA Intrusions into Taiwan’s ADIZ (2) - 防衛研究所
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tensions across the Taiwan Strait, President Tsai Ing-wen ( 蔡英文) has been repurposing Taiwan’s intelligence agencies to meet the multifaceted security threats facing the island …
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VOLUME 23 ISSUE 8 MAY 5, 2023 - jamestown.org
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Division of Chinese Politics, Military and Warfighting Concepts Keywords: Nancy Pelosi’s visit to Taiwan, PLA military exercise, opinion polls On August 2, 2022, United States House of …
