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306 African American History: A Comprehensive Guide
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, Professor of African American History at Howard University, specializing in 20th-century African American social movements and the impact of legislation on Black communities.
Publisher: The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Educational Department. The NAACP has a long-standing commitment to accurate and comprehensive education on African American history and its ongoing relevance.
Editor: Ms. Anya Johnson, experienced educational editor with expertise in creating accessible and engaging historical materials for diverse audiences.
Summary: This guide delves into the complexities of teaching "306 African American History" (assuming this refers to a course number or similar designation for a course focused on this subject), offering best practices and highlighting common pitfalls to avoid. It emphasizes the importance of accurate representation, nuanced storytelling, and engaging pedagogy to foster a deeper understanding of the African American experience. The guide underscores the need for inclusivity, critical thinking, and the utilization of diverse primary and secondary sources.
Keywords: 306 African American History, African American History Curriculum, Teaching African American History, Best Practices in African American History Education, Avoiding Pitfalls in African American History Education, Inclusive African American History Education, Diverse Sources in African American History, Critical Thinking in African American History, Primary Sources African American History, Secondary Sources African American History.
I. Understanding the Scope of 306 African American History
This guide addresses the challenges and opportunities inherent in teaching a course on African American history, potentially designated "306 African American History." The broad sweep of this subject requires careful planning and execution to ensure accuracy, depth, and accessibility. A successful 306 African American History course needs to move beyond simplistic narratives, acknowledging the diversity of experiences within the African American community across time and geographical locations.
II. Best Practices in Teaching 306 African American History
A. Incorporating Diverse Voices and Perspectives: 306 African American history should not be a monolithic narrative. It's crucial to include voices from various social classes, genders, sexual orientations, and geographic regions. This means utilizing primary sources like letters, diaries, oral histories, and photographs alongside secondary scholarship that reflects this diversity.
B. Moving Beyond Eurocentric Frameworks: The traditional historical narrative often marginalizes or ignores African American perspectives. 306 African American history must actively challenge these frameworks by centering the experiences and agency of African Americans. This involves examining events from their viewpoints, rather than solely through the lens of dominant culture.
C. Emphasizing Critical Thinking and Analysis: Students should be encouraged to critically analyze historical sources, identify biases, and develop their own informed interpretations. This involves teaching them to evaluate the credibility of sources and consider multiple perspectives. Discussions and debates should be fostered to encourage critical engagement with the material.
D. Utilizing Primary and Secondary Sources Effectively: A rich tapestry of primary sources (letters, diaries, photographs, government documents, music, art, etc.) should be integrated into the curriculum of 306 African American history. These primary sources should be supplemented with carefully selected secondary scholarship that provides context and analysis.
III. Common Pitfalls to Avoid in 306 African American History
A. Presenting a Single, Unifying Narrative: Avoid generalizations and stereotypes. The African American experience is incredibly diverse and multifaceted; attempts to present it as a singular, homogenous narrative will inevitably lead to misrepresentations and inaccuracies.
B. Ignoring Intersectionality: Recognize the interconnectedness of race, class, gender, and other social categories. Failing to consider these intersections will limit the understanding of the complex realities of African American history.
C. Focusing Solely on Suffering and Oppression: While acknowledging the historical realities of slavery, Jim Crow, and systemic racism is crucial, it’s equally important to highlight the resilience, agency, and triumphs of African Americans throughout history. A balanced approach is essential.
D. Lack of Engagement with Contemporary Issues: The past is not separate from the present. 306 African American history should connect historical events and trends to current social and political issues, illustrating the enduring legacy of the past.
E. Overreliance on a Limited Range of Sources: Diversify sources beyond canonical texts. Explore less mainstream scholarship, oral histories, and other sources to ensure a more complete and nuanced understanding.
IV. Creating an Engaging and Inclusive Learning Environment for 306 African American History
The classroom environment should be one of open dialogue, respect, and critical engagement. Creating space for students to share their perspectives and experiences is essential. Active learning techniques, such as group discussions, debates, and presentations, can enhance understanding and encourage critical thinking.
Conclusion
Successfully teaching 306 African American History necessitates a commitment to accuracy, inclusivity, and critical engagement. By avoiding common pitfalls and employing best practices, educators can create a rich and meaningful learning experience that fosters a deeper understanding of this vital aspect of American history. The goal is not simply to impart information, but to empower students to critically analyze the past and engage with the ongoing legacy of African American history in contemporary society.
FAQs
1. What are some essential primary sources for a 306 African American History course? Slave narratives, letters from abolitionists, civil rights era documents, photographs, oral histories, and African American literature.
2. How can I incorporate diverse perspectives in my teaching of 306 African American History? Include writings and perspectives from women, LGBTQ+ individuals, working-class people, and people of different geographic regions.
3. How can I address the issue of trauma and suffering in a sensitive manner? Acknowledge the pain and suffering of the past without dwelling on it exclusively. Balance this with accounts of resilience, resistance, and achievement.
4. How can I connect 306 African American History to contemporary issues? Discuss the continuing impact of historical events on present-day social and political realities (e.g., systemic racism, mass incarceration, economic inequality).
5. What are some effective active learning strategies for a 306 African American History course? Group discussions, debates, presentations, primary source analysis activities, and simulations.
6. How can I assess student understanding of 306 African American History effectively? Essays, research papers, presentations, class participation, and exams that assess critical thinking and analysis.
7. Where can I find reliable and diverse secondary sources for 306 African American History? Academic journals, reputable publishers specializing in African American history, and university library databases.
8. How can I create an inclusive classroom environment for a 306 African American History course? Foster open dialogue, respect diverse perspectives, and address any instances of bias or prejudice.
9. What are some strategies for dealing with challenging or controversial topics in 306 African American History? Prepare thoroughly, create a safe space for discussion, and provide resources for students who may find the material emotionally difficult.
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306 african american history: Slavery to Liberation Joshua Farrington, Norman W. Powell, Gwendolyn Graham, 2019 |
306 african american history: The Cultural Turn in U. S. History James W. Cook, Lawrence B. Glickman, Michael O'Malley, 2012-06-12 A definitive account of one of the most dominant trends in recent historical writing, The Cultural Turn in U.S. History takes stock of the field at the same time as it showcases exemplars of its practice. The first of this volume’s three distinct sections offers a comprehensive genealogy of American cultural history, tracing its multifaceted origins, defining debates, and intersections with adjacent fields. The second section comprises previously unpublished essays by a distinguished roster of contributors who illuminate the discipline’s rich potential by plumbing topics that range from nineteenth-century anxieties about greenback dollars to confidence games in 1920s Harlem, from Shirley Temple’s career to the story of a Chicano community in San Diego that created a public park under a local freeway. Featuring an equally wide ranging selection of pieces that meditate on the future of the field, the final section explores such subjects as the different strains of cultural history, its relationships with arenas from mass entertainment to public policy, and the ways it has been shaped by catastrophe. Taken together, these essays represent a watershed moment in the life of a discipline, harnessing its vitality to offer a glimpse of the shape it will take in years to come. |
306 african american history: Room 306 Ben Kamin, 2012-03-15 A tragic landmark in the civil rights movement, the Lorraine Motel in Memphis is best known for what occurred there on April 4, 1968. As he stood on the balcony of Room 306, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated, ending a golden age of nonviolent resistance, and sparking riots in more than one hundred cities. Formerly a seedy, segregated motel, and prior to that a brothel, the motel quickly achieved the status of national shrine. The motel attracts a variety of pilgrims—white politicians seeking photo ops, aging civil rights leaders, New Age musicians, and visitors to its current incarnation, the National Civil Rights Museum. A moving and emotional account that comprises a panorama of voices, Room 306 is an important oral history unlike any other. |
306 african american history: Teaching U.S. History Beyond the Textbook Yohuru R. Williams, 2008-11-11 Written by a history educator, this exciting guide provides a unique approach that makes it easy for middle and high school teachers to engage students' critical thinking in history and social studies. Using a CSI approach to history, the author's six powerful strategies tap into students' natural curiosity and investigative instincts. Students become detectives of the past as they ghost-hunt in their neighborhoods, solve historical crimes, prepare arguments for famous court cases, and more. Each ready-to-use technique Demonstrates how students can use primary and secondary sources to solve historical mysteries, Includes sample lessons and case studies for Grades 5-12, Aligns with national standards, making the book useful for both teachers and curriculum developers, Features review questions, reflections, and Web and print resources in every chapter for further reading. Incorporate these strategies into your classroom and watch as students discover just how thrilling and spine-chilling history can be! Book jacket. |
306 african american history: Encyclopedia of African American Business [2 volumes] Jessie Smith, 2017-11-27 This two-volume set showcases the achievements of African American entrepreneurs and the various businesses that they founded, developed, or promote as well as the accomplishments of many African American leaders—both those whose work is well-known and other achievers who have been neglected in history. Nearly everyone is familiar with New York City's Wall Street, a financial center of the world, but much fewer individuals know about the black Wall Streets in Durham and Tulsa, where prominent examples of successful African American leaders emerged. Encyclopedia of African American Business: Updated and Revised Edition tells the fascinating story that is the history of African American business, providing readers with an inspiring image of the economic power of black people throughout their existence in the United States. It continues the historical account of developments in the African American business community and its leaders, describing the period from 18th-century America to the present day. The book describes current business leaders, opens a fuller and deeper insight into the topics chosen, and includes numerous statistical tables within the text and in a separate section at the back of the book. The encyclopedia is arranged under three broad headings: Entry List, Topical Entry List, and Africa American Business Leaders by Occupation. This arrangement introduces readers to the contents of the work and enables them to easily find information about specific individuals, topics, or occupations. The book will appeal to students from high school through graduate school as well as researchers, library directors, business enterprises, and anyone interested in biographical information on African Americas who are business leaders will benefit from the work. |
306 african american history: Negro Building Mabel O. Wilson, 2021-02-09 Focusing on Black Americans' participation in world’s fairs, Emancipation expositions, and early Black grassroots museums, Negro Building traces the evolution of Black public history from the Civil War through the civil rights movement of the 1960s. Mabel O. Wilson gives voice to the figures who conceived the curatorial content: Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. Du Bois, Ida B. Wells, A. Philip Randolph, Horace Cayton, and Margaret Burroughs. Originally published in 2012, the book reveals why the Black cities of Chicago and Detroit became the sites of major Black historical museums rather than the nation's capital, which would eventually become home for the Smithsonian's National Museum of African American History and Culture, which opened in 2016. |
306 african american history: Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents , 1993 |
306 african american history: 1001 Things Everyone Should Know about African American History Jeffrey C. Stewart, 2006 This comprehensive and entertaining account of African-American history is presented in a fun, engaging, and intelligent way. Significant information in six broad sections includes Great Migrations; Civil Rights and Politics; Science, Inventions, and Medicine; Sports; Military; Culture and Religion. |
306 african american history: American History-Student James P. Stobaugh, 2012-03-01 Respected Christian educator, Dr. James Stobaugh, offers an entire year of high school American history curriculum in an easy to teach and comprehensive volume. American History: Observations & Assessments from Early Settlement to Today employs clear objectives and challenging assignments for the tenth grade student. From before the birth of our republic to the principles of liberty, American history trends, philosophies, and events are thoroughly explored. The following components are covered for the student: Critical thinking Examinations of historical theories, terms, and concepts History makers who changed the course of America Overviews and insights into world views. Students will complete this course knowing the Christian influences that created a beacon of hope and opportunity that still draws millions to the United States of America. This 384-page student resource should be used in conjunction with the American History: Observations & Assessments from Early Settlement to Today for the Teacher. British History and World History are included in this comprehensive high school history curriculum for 10th, 11th, and 12th grades offered by Dr. James Stobaugh and Master Books. |
306 african american history: The Many Faces of Germany John Aloysius McCarthy, Walter Grünzweig, Thomas Koebner, 2004 With the fall of the Berlin Wall and the shifting of American foreign policy away from old Europe, long-established patterns of interaction between Germany and the U.S. have come under review. Although seemingly disconnected from the cultural and intellectual world, political developments were not without their influence on the humanities and their curricula during the past century. In retrospect, we can speak of the many different roles Germany has played in American eyes. The Many Faces of Germany seeks to acknowledge the importance of those incarnations for the study of German culture and history on both sides of the Atlantic. One of the major questions raised by the contributors is whether the transformations in the transatlantic dynamics and in the importance of Germany for the U.S. have had a major influence on the study of things German in the U.S. internally. The volume gathers together leading voices of the older and younger generations of social historians, literary scholars, film critics, and cultural historians. |
306 african american history: A Kid's Guide to Native American History Yvonne Wakim Dennis, Arlene Hirschfelder, 2009-11-01 Hands-on activities, games, and crafts introduce children to the diversity of Native American cultures and teach them about the people, experiences, and events that have helped shape America, past and present. Nine geographical areas cover a variety of communities like the Mohawk in the Northeast, Ojibway in the Midwest, Shoshone in the Great Basin, Apache in the Southwest, Yupik in Alaska, and Native Hawaiians, among others. Lives of historical and contemporary notable individuals like Chief Joseph and Maria Tallchief are featured, and the book is packed with a variety of topics like first encounters with Europeans, Indian removal, Mohawk sky walkers, and Navajo code talkers. Readers travel Native America through activities that highlight the arts, games, food, clothing, and unique celebrations, language, and life ways of various nations. Kids can make Haudensaunee corn husk dolls, play Washoe stone jacks, design Inupiat sun goggles, or create a Hawaiian Ma'o-hauhele bag. A time line, glossary, and recommendations for Web sites, books, movies, and museums round out this multicultural guide. |
306 african american history: Slaves in the Family Edward Ball, 2017-10-24 Decades after this celebrated work of narrative nonfiction won the National Book Award and changed the American conversation about race, Slaves in the Family is reissued by FSG Classics, with a new preface by the author. The Ball family hails from South Carolina—Charleston and thereabouts. Their plantations were among the oldest and longest-standing plantations in the South. Between 1698 and 1865, close to four thousand black people were born into slavery under the Balls or were bought by them. In Slaves in the Family, Edward Ball recounts his efforts to track down and meet the descendants of his family's slaves. Part historical narrative, part oral history, part personal story of investigation and catharsis, Slaves in the Family is, in the words of Pat Conroy, a work of breathtaking generosity and courage, a magnificent study of the complexity and strangeness and beauty of the word ‘family.' |
306 african american history: Worse Than Slavery David M. Oshinsky, 1997-04-22 In this sensitively told tale of suffering, brutality, and inhumanity, Worse Than Slavery is an epic history of race and punishment in the deepest South from emancipation to the Civil Rights Era—and beyond. Immortalized in blues songs and movies like Cool Hand Luke and The Defiant Ones, Mississippi’s infamous Parchman State Penitentiary was, in the pre-civil rights south, synonymous with cruelty. Now, noted historian David Oshinsky gives us the true story of the notorious prison, drawing on police records, prison documents, folklore, blues songs, and oral history, from the days of cotton-field chain gangs to the 1960s, when Parchman was used to break the wills of civil rights workers who journeyed south on Freedom Rides. |
306 african american history: African American Political Thought Melvin L. Rogers, Jack Turner, 2021-05-07 African American Political Thought offers an unprecedented philosophical history of thinkers from the African American community and African diaspora who have addressed the central issues of political life: democracy, race, violence, liberation, solidarity, and mass political action. Melvin L. Rogers and Jack Turner have brought together leading scholars to reflect on individual intellectuals from the past four centuries, developing their list with an expansive approach to political expression. The collected essays consider such figures as Martin Delany, Ida B. Wells, W. E. B. Du Bois, James Baldwin, Toni Morrison, and Audre Lorde, whose works are addressed by scholars such as Farah Jasmin Griffin, Robert Gooding-Williams, Michael Dawson, Nick Bromell, Neil Roberts, and Lawrie Balfour. While African American political thought is inextricable from the historical movement of American political thought, this volume stresses the individuality of Black thinkers, the transnational and diasporic consciousness, and how individual speakers and writers draw on various traditions simultaneously to broaden our conception of African American political ideas. This landmark volume gives us the opportunity to tap into the myriad and nuanced political theories central to Black life. In doing so, African American Political Thought: A Collected History transforms how we understand the past and future of political thinking in the West. |
306 african american history: The Autobiography of An Ex-Colored Man James Weldon Johnson, 2021-01-01 First published in the year 1912, 'The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man' by James Weldon Johnson is the fictional account of a young biracial man, referred to as the Ex-Colored Man, living in post-Reconstruction era America in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. |
306 african american history: Many Thousands Gone Ira Berlin, 2009-07-01 Today most Americans, black and white, identify slavery with cotton, the deep South, and the African-American church. But at the beginning of the nineteenth century, after almost two hundred years of African-American life in mainland North America, few slaves grew cotton, lived in the deep South, or embraced Christianity. Many Thousands Gone traces the evolution of black society from the first arrivals in the early seventeenth century through the Revolution. In telling their story, Ira Berlin, a leading historian of southern and African-American life, reintegrates slaves into the history of the American working class and into the tapestry of our nation. Laboring as field hands on tobacco and rice plantations, as skilled artisans in port cities, or soldiers along the frontier, generation after generation of African Americans struggled to create a world of their own in circumstances not of their own making. In a panoramic view that stretches from the North to the Chesapeake Bay and Carolina lowcountry to the Mississippi Valley, Many Thousands Gone reveals the diverse forms that slavery and freedom assumed before cotton was king. We witness the transformation that occurred as the first generations of creole slaves--who worked alongside their owners, free blacks, and indentured whites--gave way to the plantation generations, whose back-breaking labor was the sole engine of their society and whose physical and linguistic isolation sustained African traditions on American soil. As the nature of the slaves' labor changed with place and time, so did the relationship between slave and master, and between slave and society. In this fresh and vivid interpretation, Berlin demonstrates that the meaning of slavery and of race itself was continually renegotiated and redefined, as the nation lurched toward political and economic independence and grappled with the Enlightenment ideals that had inspired its birth. |
306 african american history: Encyclopedia of African American History, 1896 to the Present: O-T Paul Finkelman, 2009 Alphabetically-arranged entries from O to T that explores significant events, major persons, organizations, and political and social movements in African-American history from 1896 to the twenty-first-century. |
306 african american history: The Comics Journal #306 Gary Groth, Kristy Valenti, RJ Casey, 2020-10-06 In this issue, Gary Groth interviews Roz Chast, the New Yorker humor cartoonist turned graphic memoirist (Can’t We Talk About Something More Pleasant?). TCJ #306 focuses on the intersections between comics and politics. It includes op-eds on the importance (and lack thereof) of modern political cartooning. Also featured is a meditation on the creator of the Dilbert newspaper comic strip, Scott Adams; a piece about Daisy Scott, the first African American woman political cartoonist; a gallery of underground cartoonist John Pound’s code-generated comics; portraits of mass shooting victims; a selection of Spider-Gwen artist Chris Vision’s sketchbook pages; and other essays and galleries. |
306 african american history: Recaptured Africans Sharla M. Fett, 2016-11-23 In the years just before the Civil War, during the most intensive phase of American slave-trade suppression, the U.S. Navy seized roughly 2,000 enslaved Africans from illegal slave ships and brought them into temporary camps at Key West and Charleston. In this study, Sharla Fett reconstructs the social world of these recaptives and recounts the relationships they built to survive the holds of slave ships, American detention camps, and, ultimately, a second transatlantic voyage to Liberia. Fett also demonstrates how the presence of slave-trade refugees in southern ports accelerated heated arguments between divergent antebellum political movements--from abolitionist human rights campaigns to slave-trade revivalism--that used recaptives to support their claims about slavery, slave trading, and race. By focusing on shipmate relations rather than naval exploits or legal trials, and by analyzing the experiences of both children and adults of varying African origins, Fett provides the first history of U.S. slave-trade suppression centered on recaptive Africans themselves. In so doing, she examines the state of recaptivity as a distinctive variant of slave-trade captivity and situates the recaptives' story within the broader diaspora of Liberated Africans throughout the Atlantic world. |
306 african american history: Cornell University Courses of Study Cornell University, 2007 |
306 african american history: African American History For Dummies Ronda Racha Penrice, 2011-05-04 Understand the historical and cultural contributions of African Americans Get to know the people, places, and events that shaped the African American experience Want to better understand black history? This comprehensive, straight-forward guide traces the African American journey, from Africa and the slave trade through the Civil War, Jim Crow, and the new millennium. You'll be an eyewitness to the pivotal events that impacted America's past, present, and future - and meet the inspiring leaders who struggled to bring about change. How Africans came to America Black life before - and after - Civil Rights How slaves fought to be free The evolution of African American culture Great accomplishments by black citizens What it means to be black in America today |
306 african american history: U.S. History P. Scott Corbett, Volker Janssen, John M. Lund, Todd Pfannestiel, Sylvie Waskiewicz, Paul Vickery, 2024-09-10 U.S. History is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of most introductory courses. The text provides a balanced approach to U.S. history, considering the people, events, and ideas that have shaped the United States from both the top down (politics, economics, diplomacy) and bottom up (eyewitness accounts, lived experience). U.S. History covers key forces that form the American experience, with particular attention to issues of race, class, and gender. |
306 african american history: Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society Massachusetts Historical Society, 1889 |
306 african american history: Sports in American History Gerald R. Gems, Linda J. Borish, Gertrud Pfister, 2022-04-19 Sports in American History: From Colonization to Globalization, Third Edition With HKPropel Access, helps students grasp the compelling evolution of American sporting practices. This text examines sports history as a social and cultural phenomenon, generates a better understanding of current practices in sport, and considers future developments in American sport. This comprehensive resource explores sport through various historical periods—including premodern America, colonial times, and the modern era. Sports in American History, Third Edition, features critical new content that will provide a framework for understanding how and why sport intersects with many facets of American society: Examination of how women, racial minorities, and ethnic and religious groups have influenced U.S. sporting culture Highlights of contemporary issues affecting sport in the twenty-first century, including the Covid-19 pandemic; social justice movements; changes in name, image, and likeness policy; and sports technology Reorganized content about sporting experiences in early America that highlight the most influential moments Updated People and Places features and International Perspective sidebars that introduce key figures in sports history to provide a global understanding of sport Full-length articles from the scholarly journal Sport History Review, delivered online through HKPropel, that supplement the article excerpts and associated discussion questions found in the text Sports in American History, Third Edition, is unique in its level of detail, broad time frame, and focus on the evolving definitions of physical activity and games. Primary documents—including newspaper excerpts, illustrations, photographs, historical writings, quotations, and posters—provide firsthand accounts that will not only inform and fascinate students but also provide a well-rounded perspective on the historical development of American sport. Time lines of major milestones in sport and society provide context in each chapter, and an extensive bibliography features primary and secondary sources in American sports history. A starting point into the intriguing field of sports history, this book will help students better understand the complexities of sport in the American experience and grasp how cultural factors and historical events have shaped sport differently in the United States than in other parts of the world. Note: A code for accessing HKPropel is not included with this ebook but may be purchased separately. |
306 african american history: American History Unbound Gary Y. Okihiro, 2015-08-25 A survey of U.S. history from its beginnings to the present, American History Unbound reveals our past through the lens of Asian American and Pacific Islander history. In so doing, it is a work of both history and anti-history, a narrative that fundamentally transforms and deepens our understanding of the United States. This text is accessible and filled with engaging stories and themes that draw attention to key theoretical and historical interpretations. Gary Y. Okihiro positions Asians and Pacific Islanders within a larger history of people of color in the United States and places the United States in the context of world history and oceanic worlds. |
306 african american history: Black America [2 volumes] Alton Hornsby Jr., 2011-08-23 This two-volume encyclopedia presents a state-by-state history of African Americans in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. African American populations are established in every area of the United States, including Hawaii and Alaska (more than10 percent of the population of Fairbanks, Alaska, is African American). Black Americans have played an invaluable role in creating our great nation in myriad ways, including their physical contributions and labor during the slavery era; intellectually, spiritually, and politically; in service to our country in military duty; and in areas of popular culture such as music, art, sports, and entertainment. The chapters extend chronologically from the colonial period to the present. Each chapter presents a timeline of African American history in the state, a historical overview, notable African Americans and their pioneering accomplishments, and state-specific traditions or activities. This state-by-state treatment of information allows readers to take pride in what happened in their state and in the famous people who came from their state. |
306 african american history: Archaeologies of African American Life in the Upper Mid-Atlantic Michael J. Gall, Richard F. Veit, 2017-10-17 New scholarship provides insights into the archaeology and cultural history of African American life from a collection of sites in the Mid-Atlantic |
306 african american history: The Struggle and the Urban South David Taft Terry, 2019-06-15 Through the example of Baltimore, Maryland, David Taft Terry explores the historical importance of African American resistance to Jim Crow laws in the South’s largest cities. Terry also adds to our understanding of the underexplored historical period of the civil rights movement, prior to the 1960s. Baltimore, one of the South largest cities, was a crucible of segregationist laws and practices. In response, from the 1890s through the 1950s, African Americans there (like those in the South’s other major cities) shaped an evolving resistance to segregation across three themes. The first theme involved black southerners’ development of a counter-narrative to Jim Crow’s demeaning doctrines about them. Second, through participation in a national antisegregation agenda, urban South blacks nurtured a dynamic tension between their local branches of social justice organizations and national offices, so that southern blacks retained self-determination while expanding local resources for resistance. Third, with the rise of new antisegregation orthodoxies in the immediate post-World War II years, the urban South’s black leaders, citizens, and students and their allies worked ceaselessly to instigate confrontations between southern white transgressors and federal white enforcers. Along the way, African Americans worked to define equality for themselves and to gain the required power to demand it. They forged the protest traditions of an enduring black struggle for equality in the urban South. By 1960 that struggle had inspired a national civil rights movement. |
306 african american history: Culture/Power/History Nicholas B. Dirks, Geoff Eley, Sherry B. Ortner, 2021-04-13 The intellectual radicalism of the 1960s spawned a new set of questions about the role and nature of the political in social life, questions that have since revolutionized nearly every field of thought, from literary criticism through anthropology to the philosophy of science. Michel Foucault in particular made us aware that whatever our functionally defined roles in society, we are constantly negotiating questions of authority and the control of the definitions of reality. Such insights have led theorists to challenge concepts that have long formed the very underpinnings of their disciplines. By exploring some of the most debated of these concepts--culture, power, and history--this reader offers an enriching perspective on social theory in the contemporary moment. Organized around these three concepts, Culture/ Power/History brings together both classic and new essays that address Foucault's new economy of power relations in a number of different, contestatory directions. Representing innovative work from various disciplines and sites of study, from taxidermy to Madonna, the book seeks to affirm the creative possibilities available in a time marked by growing uncertainty about established disciplinary forms of knowledge and by the increasing fluidity of the boundaries between them. The book is introduced by a major synthetic essay by the editors, which calls attention to the most significant issues enlivening theoretical discourse today. The editors seek not only to encourage scholars to reflect anew on the course of social theory, but also to orient newcomers to this area of inquiry. The essays are contributed by Linda Alcoff (Cultural Feminism versus Post-Structuralism), Sally Alexander (Women, Class, and Sexual Differences in the 1830s and 1840s), Tony Bennett (The Exhibitionary Complex), Pierre Bourdieu (Structures, Habitus, Power), Nicholas B. Dirks (Ritual and Resistance), Geoff Eley (Nations, Publics, and Political Cultures), Michel Foucault (Two Lectures), Henry Louis Gates, Jr. (Authority, [White] Power and the [Black] Critic), Stephen Greenblatt (The Circulation of Social Energy), Ranajit Guha (The Prose of Counter-Insurgency), Stuart Hall (Cultural Studies: Two Paradigms), Susan Harding (The Born-Again Telescandals), Donna Haraway (Teddy Bear Patriarchy), Dick Hebdige (After the Masses), Susan McClary (Living to Tell: Madonna's Resurrection of the Fleshly), Sherry B. Ortner (Theory in Anthropology since the Sixties), Marshall Sahlins (Cosmologies of Capitalism), Elizabeth G. Traube (Secrets of Success in Postmodern Society), Raymond Williams (selections from Marxism and Literature), and Judith Williamson (Family, Education, Photography). |
306 african american history: Escape on the Pearl Mary Kay Ricks, 2009-10-13 The largest mass escape of fugitive slaves in American history is thrillingly chronicled in this “readable . . . valuable account” (Kirkus). On the evening of April 15, 1848, nearly eighty enslaved Americans attempted one of history's most audacious escapes. Setting sail from Washington, D.C., on a schooner named the Pearl, the fugitives began a daring 225-mile journey to freedom in the North—and put in motion a furiously fought battle over slavery in America that would consume Congress, the streets of the capital, and the White House itself. Mary Kay Ricks's vivid history brings to life the Underground Railroad's largest escape attempt, the seemingly immutable politics of slavery, and the individuals who struggled to end it. Escape on the Pearl reveals the incredible odyssey of those who were onboard, including the remarkable lives of fugitives Mary and Emily Edmonson, the two sisters at the heart of this true story of courage and determination. The volume concludes with a thorough overview of the fates of the escapees and their descendants. |
306 african american history: Prologue , 1997 |
306 african american history: Engendering Whiteness Cecily Jones, 2007-08-15 A comparative analysis of the complex interweaving of race, gender, social class and sexuality in defining the contours of white women's lives in Barbados and North Carolina during the era of slavery. |
306 african american history: The Banjo Laurent Dubois, 2016-03-14 The banjo has been called by many names over its history, but they all refer to the same sound—strings humming over skin—that has eased souls and electrified crowds for centuries. The Banjo invites us to hear that sound afresh in a biography of one of America’s iconic folk instruments. Attuned to a rich heritage spanning continents and cultures, Laurent Dubois traces the banjo from humble origins, revealing how it became one of the great stars of American musical life. In the seventeenth century, enslaved people in the Caribbean and North America drew on their memories of varied African musical traditions to construct instruments from carved-out gourds covered with animal skin. Providing a much-needed sense of rootedness, solidarity, and consolation, banjo picking became an essential part of black plantation life. White musicians took up the banjo in the nineteenth century, when it became the foundation of the minstrel show and began to be produced industrially on a large scale. Even as this instrument found its way into rural white communities, however, the banjo remained central to African American musical performance. Twentieth-century musicians incorporated the instrument into styles ranging from ragtime and jazz to Dixieland, bluegrass, reggae, and pop. Versatile and enduring, the banjo combines rhythm and melody into a single unmistakable sound that resonates with strength and purpose. From the earliest days of American history, the banjo’s sound has allowed folk musicians to create community and joy even while protesting oppression and injustice. |
306 african american history: Blacks and Blackness in Central America Lowell Gudmundson, Justin Wolfe, 2010-10-18 Many of the earliest Africans to arrive in the Americas came to Central America with Spanish colonists in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and people of African descent constituted the majority of nonindigenous populations in the region long thereafter. Yet in the development of national identities and historical consciousness, Central American nations have often countenanced widespread practices of social, political, and regional exclusion of blacks. The postcolonial development of mestizo or mixed-race ideologies of national identity have systematically downplayed African ancestry and social and political involvement in favor of Spanish and Indian heritage and contributions. In addition, a powerful sense of place and belonging has led many peoples of African descent in Central America to identify themselves as something other than African American, reinforcing the tendency of local and foreign scholars to see Central America as peripheral to the African diaspora in the Americas. The essays in this collection begin to recover the forgotten and downplayed histories of blacks in Central America, demonstrating the centrality of African Americans to the region’s history from the earliest colonial times to the present. They reveal how modern nationalist attempts to define mixed-race majorities as “Indo-Hispanic,” or as anything but African American, clash with the historical record of the first region of the Americas in which African Americans not only gained the right to vote but repeatedly held high office, including the presidency, following independence from Spain in 1821. Contributors. Rina Cáceres Gómez, Lowell Gudmundson, Ronald Harpelle, Juliet Hooker, Catherine Komisaruk, Russell Lohse, Paul Lokken, Mauricio Meléndez Obando, Karl H. Offen, Lara Putnam, Justin Wolfe |
306 african american history: African American Almanac Lean'tin Bracks, 2012-01-01 The most complete and affordable single-volume reference of African American culture available today, this almanac is a unique and valuable resource devoted to illustrating and demystifying the moving, difficult, and often lost history of black life in America. Celebrating centuries of achievements, the African American Almanac: 400 Years of Triumph, Courage, and Excellence provides insights on the influence, inspiration, and impact of African Americans on U.S. society and culture. A legacy of pride, struggle, and triumph is presented through a fascinating mix of biographies—including 750 influential figures—little-known or misunderstood historical facts, enlightening essays on significant legislation and movements, and 445 rare photographs and illustrations. Covering politics, education, religion, business, science, medicine, the military, sports, literature, music, dance, theater, art, film, and television, chapters address the important events and social and cultural changes that affected African Americans over the centuries, followed by biographical profiles of hundreds of key figures, including Muhammad Ali, Maya Angelou, Josephine Baker, Amiri Baraka, Daisy Bates, George Washington Carver, Ray Charles, Bessie Coleman, Gary Davis, Frederick Douglass, W. E. B. Du Bois, Michael Eric Dyson, Duke Ellington, Medgar Evers, Henry Louis Gates Jr., Eric H. Holder Jr., Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, LeBron James, Mae C. Jemison, Martin Luther King Jr., Queen Latifah, Jacob Lawrence, Kevin Liles, Thurgood Marshall, Walter Mosley, Elijah Muhammad, Barack Obama, Gordon Parks, Rosa Parks, Richard Pryor, Condoleezza Rice, Smokey Robinson, Wilma Rudolph, Betty Shabazz, Tavis Smiley, Clarence Thomas, Sojourner Truth, Harriet Ross Tubman, C. Delores Tucker, Usher, Denmark Vesey, Alice Walker, Booker T. Washington, Kanye West, Reggie White, Serena Williams, Oprah Winfrey, and Malcolm X. Explore a wealth of milestones, inspiration, challenges met, and lasting respect! The African American Almanac’s helpful bibliography and extensive index add to its usefulness. |
306 african american history: Law in American History G. Edward White, 2012-02-20 In the first of the three volumes of his projected comprehensive narrative history of the role of law in America from the colonial years through the twentieth century, G. Edward White takes up the central themes of American legal history from the earliest European settlements through the Civil War. Included in the coverage of this volume are the interactions between European and Amerindian legal systems in the years of colonial settlement; the crucial role of Anglo-American theories of sovereignty and imperial governance in facilitating the separation of the American colonies from the British Empire in the late eighteenth century; the American experiment with federated republican constitutionalism in the founding period; the major importance of agricultural householding, in the form of slave plantations as well as farms featuring wage labor, in helping to shape the development of American law in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; the emergence of the Supreme Court of the United States as an authoritative force in American law and politics in the early nineteenth century; the interactions between law, westward expansion, and transformative developments in transportation and communiciation in the antebellum years; the contributions of American legal institutions to the dissolution of the Union of American states in the three decades after 1830; and the often-overlooked legal history of the Confederacy and Union governments during the Civil War. White incorporates recent scholarship in anthropology, ethnography, and economic, political, intellectual and legal history to produce a narrative that is both revisionist and accessible, taking up the familiar topics of race, gender, slavery, and the treatment of native Americans from fresh perspectives. Along the way he provides a compelling case for why law can be seen as the key to understanding the development of American life as we know it. Law in American History, Volume 1 will be an essential text for both students of law and general readers. |
306 african american history: Medicine Across Cultures Helaine Selin, 2006-04-11 This work deals with the medical knowledge and beliefs of cultures outside of the United States and Europe. In addition to articles surveying Islamic, Chinese, Native American, Aboriginal Australian, Indian, Egyptian, and Tibetan medicine, the book includes essays on comparing Chinese and western medicine and religion and medicine. Each essay is well illustrated and contains an extensive bibliography. |
306 african american history: The Cambridge History of the English Language: English in North America Richard M. Hogg, Norman Francis Blake, John Algeo, R. W. Burchfield, 1992 The volumes of The Cambridge history of the English language reflect the spread of English from its beginnings in Anglo-Saxon England to its current role as a multifaceted global language that dominates international communication in the 21st century. |
306 african american history: Texas Rupert N. Richardson, Cary D. Wintz, Adrian Anderson, Ernest Wallace, 2016-05-23 Written in a narrative style, this comprehensive yet accessible survey of Texas history offers a balanced, scholarly presentation of all time periods and topics.From the beginning sections on geography and prehistoric people, to the concluding discussions on the start of the twenty-first century, this text successfully considers each era equally in terms of space and emphasis. |
306 african american history: Black American History For Dummies Ronda Racha Penrice, 2021-04-14 Go deeper than the Black History you may think you know! Black American History For Dummies reveals the terrors and struggles and celebrates the triumphs of Black Americans. This handy book goes way beyond what you may have studied in school, digging into the complexities and the intrigues that make up Black America. From slavery and the Civil Rights movement to Black Wall Street, Juneteenth, redlining, and Black Lives Matter, this book offers an accessible resource for understanding the facts and events critical to Black history in America. The history of Black Americans is the history of Americans; Americans dance to Black music, read Black literature, watch Black movies, and whether they know it or not reap the benefits of the vibrant political, athletic, and sociological contributions of Black Americans. With this book, you can dive into history, culture, and beyond. See how far there’s yet to go in the approach to studying Black American culture and ending racism. Get the authoritative story on the growth and evolution of Black America from slavery, Reconstruction, Jim Crow, the Civil Rights era through to today Discover the Black artists, musicians, athletes, and leaders who have made the United States what it is Develop a fuller understanding of concerns about police brutality and other front-and-center race issues Find out how every aspect of American life connects to Black history Black American History For Dummies is for anyone who needs to learn or re-learn the true history about Black Americans. |
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