Advertisement
Abdominal Blunt Trauma Management: A Comprehensive Guide
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, MD, FACS – Board-certified trauma surgeon with 15 years of experience at County General Hospital, specializing in abdominal blunt trauma management and critical care.
Publisher: Emergency Medicine Publications – A leading publisher of peer-reviewed medical journals and textbooks, known for its high-quality content and rigorous editorial process.
Editor: Dr. Michael Chen, MD, PhD – Emergency medicine physician and experienced medical editor with expertise in trauma and critical care.
Keywords: abdominal blunt trauma management, blunt abdominal trauma, abdominal trauma, trauma management, trauma surgery, FAST exam, CT scan, splenic injury, liver injury, bowel injury, peritoneal lavage, damage control surgery, resuscitation, hemorrhage control.
Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive overview of abdominal blunt trauma management, a critical area of emergency medicine and surgical care. It details the initial assessment, diagnostic modalities, resuscitation strategies, and surgical interventions involved in managing patients with suspected or confirmed abdominal blunt trauma. The significance of prompt and effective abdominal blunt trauma management in improving patient outcomes is emphasized throughout.
1. Introduction: The Significance of Abdominal Blunt Trauma Management
Abdominal blunt trauma (ABT) represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Motor vehicle collisions, falls, and assaults are major contributors. The hidden nature of injuries, combined with the potential for life-threatening complications, necessitates a high index of suspicion and a systematic approach to abdominal blunt trauma management. Prompt and accurate assessment, followed by timely intervention, is crucial in minimizing long-term complications and improving survival rates. Effective abdominal blunt trauma management involves a multidisciplinary team effort, including emergency medical services (EMS), emergency physicians, surgeons, radiologists, and intensivists.
2. Initial Assessment and Resuscitation in Abdominal Blunt Trauma Management
The initial approach to a patient with suspected abdominal blunt trauma follows the principles of advanced trauma life support (ATLS). This includes airway management, breathing support, circulation stabilization, and disability assessment (neurological status). Controlling hemorrhage is paramount. This often involves fluid resuscitation with crystalloids and blood products, as well as the use of damage control resuscitation strategies. Monitoring vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and urine output, is crucial. Continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation and electrocardiogram (ECG) is also essential.
3. Diagnostic Modalities in Abdominal Blunt Trauma Management
Accurate diagnosis is critical in guiding the management of abdominal blunt trauma. Several diagnostic modalities are employed, depending on the clinical suspicion and the patient's hemodynamic status.
Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) examination: This rapid bedside ultrasound assessment is crucial in detecting free fluid in the abdomen, indicative of internal bleeding. Its speed and portability make it an indispensable tool in the initial assessment of abdominal blunt trauma management.
Computed Tomography (CT) scan: A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis provides detailed anatomical images, allowing for the identification and characterization of specific organ injuries. It's the gold standard for definitive diagnosis in hemodynamically stable patients. However, in unstable patients, CT may be delayed or avoided in favor of immediate surgical intervention.
Diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL): While less frequently used now due to the advent of FAST and CT, DPL remains a valuable tool in hemodynamically unstable patients where CT is contraindicated. It involves inserting a catheter into the peritoneal cavity to aspirate fluid for analysis.
4. Management of Specific Abdominal Injuries
The specific management of abdominal blunt trauma depends heavily on the identified injuries.
Splenic injuries: These range from minor lacerations to complete splenic rupture. Management varies from non-operative management (observational with serial imaging) for minor injuries to splenectomy or splenorrhaphy (surgical repair) for severe injuries.
Hepatic injuries: Liver injuries are also graded based on severity, with management ranging from non-operative management (close observation and serial imaging) for minor injuries to hepatic resection or embolization for major injuries.
Bowel injuries: Bowel injuries may require surgical exploration and repair. The extent of the surgery depends on the location and severity of the injury.
Pancreatic injuries: These can be challenging to manage and often require surgical intervention and specialized care.
Diaphragmatic injuries: Diaphragmatic ruptures often present atypically, and imaging plays a crucial role in their diagnosis. Surgical repair is usually necessary.
Vascular injuries: Vascular injuries, such as those to the aorta or mesenteric vessels, are life-threatening emergencies requiring immediate surgical intervention.
5. Surgical Management in Abdominal Blunt Trauma Management
Surgical intervention in abdominal blunt trauma management is indicated for hemodynamic instability, persistent peritoneal signs, and evidence of organ injury on imaging. The goal of surgery is to control hemorrhage, repair injured organs, and prevent complications. Damage control surgery principles, focusing on rapid hemorrhage control and temporary closure of the abdomen, may be necessary in severely injured patients.
6. Post-Operative Care in Abdominal Blunt Trauma Management
Post-operative care is critical to prevent complications. This includes meticulous monitoring of vital signs, fluid balance, and organ function. Pain management, nutritional support, and infection prophylaxis are also essential aspects of post-operative abdominal blunt trauma management.
7. Non-Operative Management in Abdominal Blunt Trauma Management
Selective non-operative management (NOM) is increasingly employed for stable patients with minor injuries, particularly splenic and hepatic injuries. This involves close observation, serial imaging, and supportive care. The decision to adopt NOM must be made carefully, considering the risks and benefits, and in collaboration with a multidisciplinary team.
8. The Role of Multidisciplinary Team Approach in Abdominal Blunt Trauma Management
Effective abdominal blunt trauma management relies on a collaborative effort between multiple specialists, including emergency physicians, surgeons, radiologists, intensivists, and nurses. This multidisciplinary team approach ensures the timely and efficient delivery of optimal care.
9. Conclusion
Abdominal blunt trauma management is a complex and dynamic process that demands a systematic and prompt approach. Early recognition, appropriate resuscitation, and timely intervention are pivotal in improving patient outcomes. The optimal management strategy depends on the patient's hemodynamic status, the extent and location of injury, and the availability of resources. This article highlights the importance of integrating a multidisciplinary team approach and adopting evidence-based guidelines to enhance the quality of care delivered and to improve patient survival rates in abdominal blunt trauma management.
FAQs
1. What are the common causes of abdominal blunt trauma? Motor vehicle accidents, falls, assaults, and sports injuries are the most common causes.
2. What are the initial signs and symptoms of abdominal blunt trauma? These can vary greatly depending on the severity of the injury, but may include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, bruising, shock, and altered mental status.
3. When is surgery indicated in abdominal blunt trauma? Surgery is typically indicated when there is hemodynamic instability, evidence of significant organ damage, or persistent peritoneal signs.
4. What is the role of imaging in abdominal blunt trauma management? Imaging, including FAST exam and CT scans, plays a crucial role in diagnosing the location and extent of injuries.
5. What are the potential complications of abdominal blunt trauma? Potential complications include hemorrhage, infection, organ failure, and death.
6. What is damage control surgery? Damage control surgery is a surgical approach that prioritizes rapid hemorrhage control and temporary abdominal closure in severely injured patients.
7. What is the role of non-operative management? Non-operative management (NOM) is a viable option for selected patients with minor injuries who are hemodynamically stable.
8. What is the importance of post-operative care in abdominal blunt trauma management? Post-operative care is crucial for preventing complications and optimizing patient recovery.
9. How can the outcome of abdominal blunt trauma be improved? Improved outcomes are achieved through early recognition, prompt resuscitation, effective diagnostic strategies, timely surgical intervention (when necessary), comprehensive post-operative care, and a collaborative multidisciplinary approach.
Related Articles:
1. "The Role of FAST Exam in the Initial Management of Abdominal Blunt Trauma": This article will discuss the utility, limitations, and interpretation of the FAST exam in the initial evaluation of patients with suspected abdominal blunt trauma.
2. "Non-Operative Management of Splenic Injuries in Blunt Abdominal Trauma": A detailed analysis of the criteria for selecting patients for non-operative management of splenic injuries and the potential risks and benefits.
3. "Damage Control Surgery in the Management of Severe Abdominal Blunt Trauma": A review of damage control surgery techniques, indications, and outcomes in severely injured patients.
4. "The Impact of Prehospital Care on Outcomes in Abdominal Blunt Trauma": This article will examine the effect of the quality of prehospital care on patient presentation and subsequent outcomes.
5. "Advances in Imaging Techniques for the Diagnosis of Abdominal Blunt Trauma": A discussion of the latest advancements in imaging, including CT angiography and other specialized techniques.
6. "Management of Hemorrhage in Abdominal Blunt Trauma": A detailed exploration of various strategies and techniques for controlling hemorrhage in patients with abdominal blunt trauma.
7. "The Importance of Multidisciplinary Team Approach in Abdominal Blunt Trauma Management": A detailed analysis of the effectiveness and importance of teamwork in the management of abdominal trauma.
8. "Post-Operative Complications and their Management in Abdominal Blunt Trauma": This article will focus on the common complications following surgery for abdominal blunt trauma and strategies for prevention and management.
9. "Long-Term Outcomes and Quality of Life After Abdominal Blunt Trauma": An analysis of the long-term physical and psychological effects of abdominal blunt trauma on patients and their quality of life.
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Open Abdomen Federico Coccolini, Rao Ivatury, Michael Sugrue, Luca Ansaloni, 2018-06-06 This book is the first available practical manual on the open abdomen. Practicing physicians, surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses, and physiotherapists will find in it a ready source of information on all aspects of open abdomen management in a wide variety of settings. The coverage includes, for example, the open abdomen in trauma, intra-abdominal sepsis, and acute pancreatitis, step-by-step descriptions of different techniques with the aid of high-quality color figures, guidance on potential complications and their management, and features of management in different age groups. The book contents illustrate the most recent innovations and drawing upon a thorough and up-to-date literature review. Useful tips and tricks are highlighted, and the book is designed to support in daily decision making. The authors include worldwide opinion leaders in the field, guaranteeing the high scientific value of the content. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Oxford Textbook of Critical Care Webb, 2020-01-10 Now in paperback, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Care is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary text covering all aspects of adult intensive care management. Uniquely this text takes a problem-orientated approach providing a key resource for daily clinical issues in the intensive care unit. The text is organized into short topics allowing readers to rapidly access authoritative information on specific clinical problems. Each topic refers to basic physiological principles and provides up-to-date treatment advice supported by references to the most vital literature. Where international differences exist in clinical practice, authors cover alternative views. Key messages summarise each topic in order to aid quick review and decision making. Edited and written by an international group of recognized experts from many disciplines, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Careprovides an up-to-date reference that is relevant for intensive care units and emergency departments globally. This volume is the definitive text for all health care providers, including physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other allied health professionals who take care of critically ill patients. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Color Atlas of Emergency Trauma Demetrios Demetriades, Carl R. Chudnofsky, Elizabeth R. Benjamin, 2021-06-17 This full-color atlas presents over 1200 images from one of the largest trauma centers in North America. Photos, x-rays and illustrations depicting a variety of common and rare traumatic injuries are accompanied by recommendations and advice from a multidisciplinary group of experienced trauma care providers. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Intra-Abdominal Hypertension Manu Malbrain, Jan De Waele, 2013-08-15 Practical clinical handbook reviewing all aspects of the diagnosis and management of intra-abdominal hypertension; essential reading for all critical care staff. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Current Emergency Diagnosis & Treatment John Mills, 1985 |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: The Trauma Golden Hour Adonis Nasr, Flavio Saavedra Tomasich, Iwan Collaço, Phillipe Abreu, Nicholas Namias, Antonio Marttos, 2019-11-27 The Golden Hour is a well-established concept in emergency medicine, related to the critical period of one hour after an injury, accident or trauma. This term implies that the mortality rates increase substantially if efficient care is not provided within 60 minutes after the trauma. This book is intended as a practical manual in Trauma Care within the context of the golden hour, addressing all trauma types and all body parts. Readers will find essential decision-making algorithms and protocols with commentary for traumas, along with easily accessible information on how to treat patients in a very practical and handy fashion. Furthermore, the content is presented in a didactic way suitable for a wide audience, from medical students who want to learn about the basics of trauma care to experienced surgeons seeking a comprehensive guide to trauma-related interventions.The book combines contributions from experts at two renowned Trauma Centers, the Hospital do Trabalhador at Curitiba, Brazil, and the Ryder Trauma Center in Miami, USA. Therefore, considering the different local environments and resources, the book provides distinct perspectives for several injuries, presenting the state of the art in Trauma Care. The diversity of perspectives in this book contributes to a global health care approach suitable for trauma-related events from developed countries to remote areas. The Trauma Golden Hour – A Practical Guide celebrates the Centennial Anniversary of the Federal University of Parana (Brazil), the 25th Anniversary of the Ryder Trauma Center (USA) and the 20th Anniversary of the Hospital do Trabalhador (Brazil). |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Trauma Induced Coagulopathy Hunter B. Moore, Matthew D. Neal, Ernest E. Moore, 2020-10-12 The first edition of this publication was aimed at defining the current concepts of trauma induced coagulopathy by critically analyzing the most up-to-date studies from a clinical and basic science perspective. It served as a reference source for any clinician interested in reviewing the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of the coagulopathic trauma patient, and the data that supports it. By meticulously describing the methodology of most traditional as well as state of the art coagulation assays the reader is provided with a full understanding of the tests that are used to study trauma induced coagulopathy. With the growing interest in understanding and managing coagulation in trauma, this second edition has been expanded to 46 chapters from its original 35 to incorporate the massive global efforts in understanding, diagnosing, and treating trauma induced coagulopathy. The evolving use of blood products as well as recently introduced hemostatic medications is reviewed in detail. The text provides therapeutic strategies to treat specific coagulation abnormalities following severe injury, which goes beyond the first edition that largely was based on describing the mechanisms causing coagulation abnormalities. Trauma Induced Coagulopathy 2nd Edition is a valuable reference to clinicians that are faced with specific clinical challenges when managing coagulopathy. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Musculoskeletal Sports and Spine Disorders Stuart B. Kahn, Rachel Yinfei Xu, 2018-02-08 Fulfilling the need for an easy-to-use resource on managing musculoskeletal disorders and sports injuries, this book provides differential diagnostic workups with recommended gold standard evaluations that lead to a simple and accurate diagnosis, followed by first-line treatment options. Organized by five sections - head and neck, upper extremity, lower extremity, abdomen/pelvis with trunk and chest, and cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral spine - chapters present a concise summary and move on to a description of the most common symptoms, etiology, epidemiology and/or common causes if traumatic in nature. The best and most accepted diagnostic tests are illustrated, along with recommended evidence-based medicine and what may be done based on community standards of care. Treatment options will be listed in order of the most conservative to the most aggressive. This complete reference will provide primary care, physiatry, and ER physicians, residents, PA’s and students a simple and practical approach for clinical and academic use. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Disaster Management Emmanouil Pikoulis, Jay Doucet, 2021-06-12 The number of natural and man-made disasters has risen dramatically over the last decade. Natural disasters, industrial accidents and terrorist attacks represent major incidents, often involving multiple casualties. In such cases, health professionals face multiple challenges because the type of medical care required differs from what is taught and provided in their everyday hospital duties. The aim of this book is to inform and prepare healthcare professionals for the challenges posed by major incidents, so that they can act effectively in medical teams sent on humanitarian missions or into conflict zones. It offers a holistic and horizontal approach covering all stages of the disaster management cycle. The book is divided into 5 sections: section 1: prehospital emergency services; section ii: hospital response; section iii: management of incidents; section iv: after the disaster; and section v: evaluation, ethical issues, education and research. Healthcare providers will find essential information on the special medical considerations in both prehospital and hospital disaster settings, medical management of disaster response, recovery, mitigation and preparedness. The book offers an interdisciplinary and interprofessional approach, and was written by prominent researchers and experienced practitioners. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Emergency Cross-sectional Radiology Daniel Y. F. Chung, Dipanjali Mondal, Erskine J. Holmes, Rakesh Misra, 2012-04-19 Practical, highly illustrated, rapid reference presenting salient imaging findings for a wide range of emergency conditions. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Atlas of Pediatric Surgery Ahmed H. Al-Salem, 2020-01-02 This book provides a practical guide to the congenital and acquired problems related to pediatric surgery and urology. A range of topics are covered, including; abdominal wall hernias, hemangioma and vascular malformations, gastrochesis, achalasia, congenital gastric outlet obstruction, renal and liver tumors, intestinal malrotation, and hydronephrosis. The book aims to be a quick reference text for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric surgery conditions and presents information relevant to general surgeons, pediatricians, pediatric surgeons, and medical trainees. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care World Health Organization, International Society of Surgery, 2004 Injury is an increasingly significant health problem throughout the world, accounting for 16 per cent of the global burden of disease. The public health burden of death and disability from injury is particularly notable in low and middle income countries. These guidelines seek to establish practical and affordable standards applicable to injury or trauma care worldwide, whether in rural health posts, small hospitals, hospitals staffed by specialists or tertiary care centres. It sets out a list of key trauma treatment services designed to be achievable in all settings, and defines the various human and physical resources required. It also includes a number of recommendations for methods to promote such standards including training, performance improvement, trauma team organisation and hospital inspection. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Oxford Handbook of Emergency Medicine Jonathan P. Wyatt, 2012-02-16 With comprehensive coverage of emergency and pre-hospital care topics, this book provides you with everything that you need when you are first at the scene. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: A Clinical Guide to Urologic Emergencies Hunter Wessells, Shigeo Horie, Reynaldo G. Gómez, 2021-07-13 A Clinical Guide to Urologic Emergencies A Clinical Guide to Urologic Emergencies An ageing population and a predicted shortfall in the number of urologists means that, increasingly, the management of complex urological problems will fall to hospital emergency departments and the surgeries of primary care physicians. With many doctors and medical students now having less exposure to urology, there is a real and urgent need for accessible and practical guidance in managing urologic emergencies. A Clinical Guide to Urologic Emergencies offers practical guidance to the best practices in diagnosis, treatment and management of patients with urgent urological conditions. Designed to be an extremely useful tool to consult in the clinical setting, it will be a vital source of information and guidance for all clinicians, irrespective of their level of urologic knowledge. Edited by an outstanding international editor team, this book is particularly aimed at physicians, advanced practice providers, and urology and emergency medicine trainees managing patients in diverse healthcare settings across the globe. A Clinical Guide to Urologic Emergencies is accompanied by a website featuring video content at www.wiley.com/go/wessells/urologic |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Common Surgical Diseases Jonathan A. Myers, Keith W. Millikan, Theodore J. Saclarides, 2013-03-14 In a concise manner, this book presents common surgical problems encountered by medical students and residents. The book provides easy access for residents before teaching rounds, lectures, etc. The algorithm approach lends itself to rapid learning, making the book a must for every surgical resident. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Cases in Pediatric Acute Care Andrea Kline-Tilford, Catherine Haut, 2020-06-02 Cases in Pediatric Acute Care presents over 100 real-world pediatric acute care cases, each including a brief patient history, a detailed history of present illness, presenting signs and symptoms, vital signs, and physical examination findings. Ideal for developing a systematic approach to diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment, this resource provides students and advanced practitioners with the tools required to deliver comprehensive care to acute, chronic and critically ill children. The cases encompass a wide range of body systems, medical scenarios, professional issues and general pediatric concerns, and feature laboratory data, radiographic images and information on case study progression and resolution. Develops the essential skills necessary to provide the best possible pediatric acute care Discusses the most appropriate differential diagnoses, diagnostic evaluation, and management plans for each case Presents cases related to pulmonary, cardiac, neurologic, endocrine, metabolic, musculoskeletal, and other body systems Highlights key points in each case to quickly identify critical information Cases in Pediatric Acute Care is an excellent resource for advanced practice provider students and pediatric healthcare providers managing acutely ill children. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Difficult Decisions in Trauma Surgery Kenneth Wilson, Selwyn O. Rogers, 2021-10-29 This book provides a practical guide to decision making within the realm of trauma surgery. Each chapter covers the ideal approach, rather than customary care, for the treatment of the chosen difficult decision or controversy. A broad range of topics are covered with particular attention given to resuscitation, wound management, thoracic and abdominal trauma, antimicrobial management, transplant considerations, vascular trauma, traumatic brain injury, pediatric trauma and ethics. Difficult Decisions in Trauma Surgery aims to help improve the treatment of trauma patients and is relevant to surgical trainees and practicing surgeons, and as well as medical professionals working within trauma medicine. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Clinical Algorithms in General Surgery Salvatore Docimo Jr., Eric M. Pauli, 2019-02-04 As the field of general surgery continues to expand, the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways are becoming more complex. The diagnostic modalities available to the clinician can be both very helpful but also overwhelming considering the findings can often determine the scope of treatment for a patient. This text will take the major pathologies of the systems commonly studied in general surgery and present them in a unique format based upon algorithms. The algorithms will begin with the clinical presentation of the patient, work its way through the various diagnostic modalities available to the surgeon, and finally allow the physician to make a decision regarding treatment options based upon various patterns in the algorithms. This text will become a very useful resources for surgeons as it allows complex clinical pathways to be conveniently organized in logical algorithms. It will become a concise yet comprehensive manual to assist in clinical decision making. All algorithms will be reviewed by experts in their field and include the most up-to-date clinical and evidence-based information. Clinical Algorithms in General Surgery provides a useful resource for surgeons in clinical practice as well as surgical residents, and surgical attendings who are preparing for board examinations. See sample algorithm in Attachments. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Clinical Pathways in Emergency Medicine Suresh S David, 2016-05-23 This book aims to provide condensed and crystallised knowledge, providing the rationale for investigations and interventions. Emergency medicine is a specialty where time and knowledge are critical factors in deciding appropriate management which could otherwise result in loss of life or limb. The challenge often is to have lucid management plans, whilst standing at the bedside of the patient. In order to address this challenge, a manuscript is needed which aims to enhance the clinical skills of the emergency physician. The objective of this book is to compile a road map for practitioners of emergency medicine, which would guide them through algorithm-based pathways. This format is distinctive by nature for its concise presentation, which facilitates easy reading and early application. Written by global experts, this book aims to be a truly international representation of emergency physicians who have come together to deliver contemporary concepts in emergency patient care. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Equine Acute Abdomen Nathaniel A. White, James N. Moore, Tim S. Mair, 2009-10-31 This title allows users to effectively diagnose and treat any acute disease of the stomach, intestines, peritoneum, liver, and abdominal wall. Its authorship includes over 20 internationally recognized experts that provide critical information needed by practitioners for management of abdominal diseases. This informative resource provides a thorough discussion of normal and abnormal anatomy and physiology. Surgical techniques are broken down into an easy-to-read step-by-step format. This highly visual presentation, with over 410 illustrations, is a necessary edition to an equine practitioner’s library. Published by Teton New Media in the USA and distributed by Manson Publishing outside of North America. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Emergency and Clinical Ultrasound Board Review Alan Chiem, Vi Am Dinh, 2020-04-14 Emergency and Clinical Ultrasound Board Review is a comprehensive guide for preparing for the Advanced Emergency Medicine Ultrasonography or Critical Care Echocardiography board exams, and for residents preparing for in-training examinations in ultrasound. The text consists of over 500 multiple-choice questions, organized into 18 chapters covering ultrasound topics such as physics, eFAST, echocardiography, thoracic, aorta, hepatobiliary, renal, pregnancy, soft tissue, ocular, procedural, airway, ENT, DVT, testicular, abdominal, and musculoskeletal applications. This is a multi-specialty work, with contributors representing the fields of emergency medicine, internal medicine, cardiology, critical care, and radiology. Chapters include questions, answers with detailed explanations and references to primary or landmark articles to help better navigate a standardized exam. Questions are written in a case-based format that emulates the ABEM and NBE board exams, and are supplemented by over 800 figures, tables, boxes, and online videos. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Essentials of Trauma Anesthesia Albert J. Varon, Charles Smith, 2012-06-07 A concise review of the essential elements in the anesthetic care of the severely injured trauma patient. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Advanced Paediatric Life Support Advanced Life Support Group (ALSG), 2008-04-15 This international bestseller covers the full advanced paediatric life support course, with the core sections for the abbreviated one-day course clearly picked out. The book provides practical guidance for managing children and infants in the first life-threatening golden hour. This new edition goes beyond immediate management to include stabilisation and transfer. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Radiology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Richard Hopkins, Carol Peden, Sanjay Gandhi, 2009-10-08 The advent of small, affordable ultrasound machines and the widespread use of PACS systems have made imaging more accessible to anaesthetists and intensivists than ever before. This concise, highly illustrated text discusses the key aspects of radiology, examining all imaging modalities and body regions. Introductory sections review the imaging knowledge required for the FRCA exams and the role of imaging in the Pre-Operative Assessment. These are followed by chapters on each imaging modality and body region, each containing numerous illustrations, practical advice on diagnosis, and many case illustrations. Each modality chapter contains a concise introductory section on the principles of image formation. Containing over 300 scans and illustrations, and written by a multidisciplinary team of radiologists and anaesthetists, Radiology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, second edition, is an invaluable aid for all anaesthetists and intensivists. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Pelvic Ring Fractures Axel Gänsslen, Jan Lindahl, Stephan Grechenig, Bernd Füchtmeier, 2020-11-25 This book provides in-depth coverage of all aspects of pelvic ring fractures and their management. The opening chapters supply essential information on surgical anatomy, biomechanics, classification, clinical evaluation, radiological diagnostics, and emergency and acute management. The various operative techniques, including navigation techniques, that have been established and standardized over the past two decades are then presented in a step-by-step approach. Readers will find guidance on surgical indications, choice of approaches, reduction and fixation strategies, complication management, and optimization of long-term results. Specific treatment concepts are described for age-specific fractures, including pediatric and geriatric injuries, and secondary reconstructions. Pelvic ring fractures represent challenging injuries, especially when they present with concomitant hemodynamic instability. This book will help trauma and orthopaedic surgeons at all levels of experience to achieve the primary treatment aim of anatomic restoration of the bony pelvis to preserve biomechanical stability and avoid malunion with resulting clinical impairments. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Vascular Complications of Surgery and Intervention Ramyar Gilani, Joseph L. Mills Sr., 2021-11-19 The concept for this book evolved over many years of intense clinical practice during which a wide variety of vascular complications were encountered as a result of other surgical or interventional procedures. In this book, the authors describe cohesive efforts by experts in the field as they commit to advancing health care quality by all professionals. It should be noted at the outset that the book does not discuss various non-vascular or systemic complications of patients undergoing vascular interventions such as myocardial infarction, renal or respiratory failure. Instead, the content is divided into four separate sections. The material begins with an introduction to vascular anatomy and function. There follows a section addressing specific complications of the vascular system that can occur in any patient, sometimes even without intervention. The third section addresses complications specific to interventions and surgical procedures. The final section is dedicated to the delayed and long-term sequelae attributable to the most commonly encountered vascular complications. Vascular Complications of Surgery and Intervention: A Practical Guide is targeted towards dedicated health care professionals managing patients affected by inadvertent but potentially disastrous vascular complications and for those practitioners performing interventions either directly upon the vascular system or procedures that have potential for collateral impact. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Regional Anesthesia in Trauma Jeff Gadsden, 2012-11-12 The management of pain from acute injuries is a priority in trauma care. Regional analgesic techniques are very effective at treating acute pain and are gaining in popularity as recognition of their beneficial effects on morbidity increases. Regional Anesthesia in Trauma employs multiple narrative problem-solving case scenarios that explore the use of regional anesthesia in: • Blunt chest trauma, amputations, upper and lower extremity fractures and spinal injury • Burn injury • Patients with pre-existing nerve injury and other co-morbidities • Patients at risk for compartment syndrome • Pregnant, obese, elderly and pediatric patients • Local anesthetic systemic toxicity With a focus on ultrasound-guided techniques, the reader is guided through the technical aspects of performing regional anesthesia as well as the medical and surgical considerations that influence the choice of analgesic therapy. Regional Anesthesia in Trauma is invaluable for practitioners and trainees in anesthesiology, emergency medicine and trauma surgery. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Surgical Treatment René Holzheimer, John A. Mannick, 2001 |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Surgical Research Wiley W. Souba, Douglas W. Wilmore, 2001-01-25 Contributors. -- Foreword. -- Preface. -- Getting Started. -- Assessing Available Information. -- Organizing and Preliminary Planning for Surgical Research -- Writing a Protocol: Animals, Humans, and Use of Biologic, Chemical, and Radiologic Agents. -- Grantsmanship. -- Informed Consent and the Protection of Human Research Subjects: Historical Perspectives and Guide to Current United States Regulations. -- Animal Care and Maintenance. -- Funding Strategies and Agencies: Academic-Industrial Relationships; Intellectual Property. -- Statistical Considerations. -- Use of Nonexperimental Studies to Evaluate Surgical Procedures and Other Interventions: The Challenge of Risk Adjustment. -- Measuring Surgical Outcomes. -- Design of Clinical Trials. -- Using Administrative Data for Clinical Research. -- Research in the Intensive Care Unit: Ethical and Methodological Issues. -- Research in the Operating Room. -- Effects of Age and Gender. -- Strategies, Principles, and Techniques Using Transgeni ... |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Principles of Critical Care, 4th edition John Kress, Gregory Schmidt, Jesse Hall, 2015-06-02 Quickly and accurately diagnose and treat the critically ill patient with guidance from the field's definitive text ...Clearly the finest textbook available in the field. -- Critical Care Medicine journal ...Very well done...unusually user-friendly...excellent...a significant contribution to the field. It should be placed not only in the critical care practitioner's library, but also in the rounds and nurses' conference rooms of critical care units. -- Journal of the American Medical Association Considered the field's definitive text, Principles of Critical Care offers unmatched coverage of the diagnosis and treatment of the most common problems encountered in the practice of critical care. Written by expert critical care physicians who are also experienced teachers, the book features an organization, thoroughness, and clarity not found in any other reference on the topic. Within its pages, you will find comprehensive, authoritative discussion of every aspect of critical care medicine essential to successful clinical practice, ranging from basic principles to the latest technologies. The fourth edition is highlighted by: A new full-color presentation NEW CHAPTERS on ICU Ultrasound, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, ICU-Acquired Weakness, Abdominal Compartment Syndrome, and Judging the Adequacy of Intravascular Volume The addition of many new figures and diagnostic and treatment algorithms In-depth, up-to-date descriptions of the unique presentation, differential diagnosis, and management of specific critical illnesses A logical organ system approach that simplifies the search for thorough and practical information necessary to manage a patient’s specific condition The integration of pathophysiology throughout the text Content that reflects today’s interdisciplinary approach to critical care medicine *Reviews are of previous editions |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Diagnostic Imaging: Gastrointestinal E-Book Siva P. Raman, Michael P. Federle, 2015-06-03 Ideal for trainees and practicing radiologists, Diagnostic Imaging: Gastrointestinal, 3rd Edition provides comprehensive coverage of every important topic in abdominal and gastrointestinal imaging. Featuring an increased number of illustrations, graphics, and multimodality imaging, this updated medical reference book will aid you in recognizing the characteristic and variant appearances of both common and uncommon abdominal disorders. User-friendly bulleted text and a uniform chapter layout allow fast and effortless access to the crucial knowledge you need! Expanded coverage of the most important topics and trends in fluoroscopic evaluation of the GI tract, including evaluation of patients before and after bariatric surgery, fundoplication, and surgery for esophageal carcinoma. Updated sections covering disorders of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas with information and images regarding new classification and treatment implications for pancreatitis, including autoimmune (IgG4-related) pancreatitis. Increased number of illustrations of all appropriate imaging modalities, such as multiplanar CT, sonography, MR, and PET/CT. Offers information on all forms of acute and chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis, as well as critical knowledge regarding imaging techniques that allow radiologists to distinguish among focal lesions in the cirrhotic liver. Essential information is distilled into a succinct, bulleted format with numerous high-quality images and Key Facts boxes to facilitate learning. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Clinical Emergency Medicine Casebook Joel T. Levis, Gus M. Garmel, 2009-04-06 This case-based approach to emergency medicine is a unique and underutilized teaching strategy, written for emergency room residents and nurses. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: TOP KNIFE: The Art & Craft of Trauma Surgery Asher Hirshberg,, Kenneth L Mattox,, 2004-10-01 This book will help you take a badly wounded patient to the operating room, organize yourself and your team, do battle with some vicious injuries and come out with the best possible result. It is a practical guide to operative trauma surgery for residents and registrars, for general surgeons with an interest in trauma, and for isolated surgeons operating on wounded patients in military, rural or humanitarian settings. A surgical atlas may show you what to do with your hands but not how to think, plan and improvise. Here you will find practical advice on how to use your head as well as your hands when operating on a massively bleeding trauma patient. The first part of this book presents some general principles of trauma surgery. The second part is about trauma surgery as a contact sport. Here we show you how to deal with specific injuries to the abdomen, chest, neck and peripheral vessels. The single most important lesson we hope you will derive from this book is to always keep it simple because, in trauma surgery, the simple stuff works. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Strange and Schafermeyer's Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Fifth Edition Robert W. Schafermeyer, Milton Tenenbein, Charles G. Macias, Ghazala Sharieff, Loren Yamamoto, 2018-09-22 Concise, current, need-to-know coverage of emergency medicine in children – presented in full colorEndorsed by the American College of Emergency Physicians ...a comprehensive and current resource for anyone who cares for children in an acute setting, from the office to the emergency department. Its presentation is straightforward, and the information is easy to read and assimilate. It will be a valuable resource for those in the field of pediatric emergency medicine as well as other practitioners who occasionally care for sick children.—JAMA (reviewing an earlier edition)This clinically-focused guide covers the entire field of pediatric emergency medicine. Featuring a strong focus on practical need-to-know information Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Fifth Edition is bolstered by numerous full-color images, bulleted High-Yield Facts at the beginning of each chapter, nearly 100 diagnostic and treatment algorithms, and treatment tables with drug dosages. Endorsed by the American College of Emergency Physicians, this book is perfect for use in the emergency department or the pediatric clinic.FEATURES•Chapters open with bulleted High-Yield Facts, followed by just enough pathophysiology for understanding, and continue with a focus on what needs to be done to protect and save the child•Broad scope spans the full spectrum of pediatric emergencies -- from trauma care to psychosocial emergencies•NEW CHAPTER on Brief Resolved Unexplained Events (BRUE)•Opens with an important symptom-based section of Cardinal Presentations that familiarizes you with crucial life-saving protocols•Covers all major categories of disease that present in children on an urgent or emergent basisIf you are in need of a very readable and easily accessible, evidence-based text written to help you provide high quality emergency medical care to children, your search ends here. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Forensic Pathology of Infancy and Childhood Kim A. Collins, Roger W. Byard, 2014-02-18 The investigation of sudden or unexplained death of children represents a unique medical and forensic area of study. Children have unique anatomic and functional characteristics that must be recognized and understood by the medical investigator. Further complicating this process is the fact that the anatomic structure, composition and function of various organs and organ systems in the pediatric population change throughout the developmental stages of childhood. The disease processes, reactions to trauma and risk factors for accidental death and homicide change from infancy through adolescence. Forensic Pathology of Infancy and Childhood provides an authoritative, comprehensive reference text devoted to the medicolegal investigation of sudden unexpected death in children. With contributions from internationally renowned experts, individual chapters focus on specific unique causes and organ systems with detailed accounts of the changes in fatal diseases, risk factors of causes of sudden death, and responses to fatal trauma that occur as a child grows from neonatal stage through infancy, toddlerhood, childhood and adolescence. This text is an essential reference resource for forensic pathologists, medical examiner offices, pediatric pathologists, pediatric hospitals, anatomic pathologists and those in training as well as those in related legal professions. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Emergency Medical Services Jane H. Brice, Theodore R. Delbridge, J. Brent Myers, 2021-08-12 The two-volume Emergency Medical Services: Clinical Practice and Systems Oversight delivers a thorough foundation upon which to succeed as an EMS medical director and prepare for the NAEMSP National EMS Medical Directors Course and Practicum. Focusing on EMS in the 'real world', the book offers specific management tools that will be useful in the reader's own local EMS system and provides contextual understanding of how EMS functions within the broader emergency care system at a state, local, and national level. The two volumes offer the core knowledge trainees will need to successfully complete their training and begin their career as EMS physicians, regardless of the EMS systems in use in their areas. A companion website rounds out the book's offerings with audio and video clips of EMS best practice in action. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the history of EMS An exploration of EMS airway management, including procedures and challenges, as well as how to manage ventilation, oxygenation, and breathing in patients, including cases of respiratory distress Practical discussions of medical problems, including the challenges posed by the undifferentiated patient, altered mental status, cardiac arrest and dysrhythmias, seizures, stroke, and allergic reactions An examination of EMS systems, structure, and leadership |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Pediatric Imaging Paul S. Sidhu, Maria E. Sellars, Annamaria Deganello, 2020-09-02 This book is a comprehensive guide to the rapidly evolving field of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the child. The uses and interpretation of CEUS are clearly explained with the aid of numerous illustrations. The coverage encompasses both established indications, such as focal liver lesions, abdominal solid organ injury, and vesicoureteral reflux, and a range of newer applications. Extensive information is also provided on microbubble agents and their use in the pediatric age group, as well as on practical aspects of setting up a CEUS service for children. CEUS is a safe imaging method that is ideal for the young patient and can be used for problem solving in a number of clinical situations. Ultrasound combined with microbubble contrast avoids the ionizing radiation of a CT examination, the use of iodinated contrast, the need for sedation or a general anesthetic, and the complexities of MR imaging. In bringing readers up to date with best practice and the latest innovations in CEUS, this book will be of value for pediatric radiologists, pediatric sonographers/technicians, and pediatricians. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Complications of Trauma Kenneth L. Mattox, 1994 A textbook that explicitly concentrates on arming surgeons with the knowledge to meet the challenges of the myriad complications that may be encountered in treating trauma patients. The first section addresses the five major complications (hemorrhage, respiratory failure, renal failure, sepsis, and multi-organ syndrome) that can occur in any trauma patient. The second section, Prehospital and Emergency Center Trauma Complications, discusses the problems inherent in the first stages of managing a trauma patient, as well as those that can occur within systems (transportation, communication). The third section addresses complications specific to certain areas or populations (e.g., immunology, pediatrics, radiology, wounding agents), and the final section discusses complications by anatomical region. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Blunt Abdominal Trauma in Children Rizwan Ahmad Khan, Shagufta Wahab, 2018-07-09 This book covers the epidemiology, mechanism, risk, various types of injuries, and practical approaches to treating children who have sustained blunt abdominal trauma. It includes dedicated chapters on each key aspect of pediatric blunt abdominal injuries, and explains in detail primary resuscitation and ancillary care for pediatric abdominal trauma. A separate chapter on imaging and interventional imaging helps pediatric caregivers select the right modality in the management of these patients. In addition, the book covers the management of hollow viscus injury and solid organ injury following blunt abdominal trauma. The content is supplemented with detailed flowcharts wherever required to help familiarize readers with the indications and to assist them in surgical decision-making. The book offers a valuable guide for practicing pediatric surgeons, residents in pediatric surgery and trauma surgeons, as well as for general surgeons, general surgery residents, practicing pediatricians and general physicians. |
| abdominal blunt trauma management: Blunt Abdominal Trauma in Children Rizwan Ahmad Khan, Shagufta Wahab, 2018-06-26 This book covers the epidemiology, mechanism, risk, various types of injuries, and practical approaches to treating children who have sustained blunt abdominal trauma. It includes dedicated chapters on each key aspect of pediatric blunt abdominal injuries, and explains in detail primary resuscitation and ancillary care for pediatric abdominal trauma. A separate chapter on imaging and interventional imaging helps pediatric caregivers select the right modality in the management of these patients. In addition, the book covers the management of hollow viscus injury and solid organ injury following blunt abdominal trauma. The content is supplemented with detailed flowcharts wherever required to help familiarize readers with the indications and to assist them in surgical decision-making. The book offers a valuable guide for practicing pediatric surgeons, residents in pediatric surgery and trauma surgeons, as well as for general surgeons, general surgery residents, practicing pediatricians and general physicians. |
Abdominal Pain: Types, Causes, Treatment & Home Remedies - WebMD
Apr 2, 2024 · Abdominal pain refers to discomfort or other uncomfortable sensations that you feel in your belly area. Just about everybody, at one time or another, will get a bellyache. Most …
Abdomen - Wikipedia
The abdomen (colloquially called the gut, belly, tummy, midriff, tucky, or stomach[1]) is the front part of the torso between the thorax (chest) and pelvis in humans and in other vertebrates. …
Abdominal pain Causes - Mayo Clinic
Jul 28, 2005 · Abdominal pain can have many causes. The most common causes usually aren't serious, such as gas pains, indigestion or a pulled muscle. Other conditions may need medical …
Abdominal Pain: Causes, Types & Treatment - Cleveland Clinic
Apr 18, 2022 · Abdominal pain has a wide variety of causes and treatments. Some conditions, such as gallstones or appendicitis, may require surgery. Others, such as ulcers or infections, …
Abdominal Pain Types, Symptoms, Treatment, Causes, Relief - MedicineNet
Feb 6, 2024 · Abdominal pain can be caused by a variety of problems. Learn the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, medications, complications, and prevention of abdominal pain.
Abdominal (Stomach) Pain: Causes and When to See a Doctor - Healthline
Jul 4, 2024 · Abdominal pain is pain that occurs between the chest and pelvic regions. Learn more about the types of stomach pain, causes, and treatment.
Abdomen: Organs, Function, and Associated Diseases - Health
Jan 12, 2024 · The abdomen is the frontal body cavity between the chest and pelvis that holds vital organs like the stomach, kidneys, bladder, liver, and intestines. Informally called the belly …
What Is Abdominal Pain? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, …
Most people experience abdominal discomfort or pain at some point in their lives. Abdominal pain (sometimes called stomachache or bellyache) is usually felt in the part of the trunk below the...
What Does Your Abdominal Pain Location Mean? | Complete Care
Jun 9, 2025 · Abdominal pain on the left side in this lower region often relates to digestive issues, but can also signal problems with other systems, leading to conditions such as: Diverticulitis …
The Abdomen - TeachMeAnatomy
The abdomen is the part of the body that contains all of the structures between the thorax (chest) and the pelvis, and is separated from the thorax via the diaphragm. The region occupied by …
Abdominal Pain: Types, Causes, Treatment & Home Remedies - WebMD
Apr 2, 2024 · Abdominal pain refers to discomfort or other uncomfortable sensations that you feel in your belly area. Just about everybody, at one time or another, will get a bellyache. Most …
Abdomen - Wikipedia
The abdomen (colloquially called the gut, belly, tummy, midriff, tucky, or stomach[1]) is the front part of the torso between the thorax (chest) and pelvis in humans and in other vertebrates. The …
Abdominal pain Causes - Mayo Clinic
Jul 28, 2005 · Abdominal pain can have many causes. The most common causes usually aren't serious, such as gas pains, indigestion or a pulled muscle. Other conditions may need medical …
Abdominal Pain: Causes, Types & Treatment - Cleveland Clinic
Apr 18, 2022 · Abdominal pain has a wide variety of causes and treatments. Some conditions, such as gallstones or appendicitis, may require surgery. Others, such as ulcers or infections, may be …
Abdominal Pain Types, Symptoms, Treatment, Causes, Relief - MedicineNet
Feb 6, 2024 · Abdominal pain can be caused by a variety of problems. Learn the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, medications, complications, and prevention of abdominal pain.
Abdominal (Stomach) Pain: Causes and When to See a Doctor - Healthline
Jul 4, 2024 · Abdominal pain is pain that occurs between the chest and pelvic regions. Learn more about the types of stomach pain, causes, and treatment.
Abdomen: Organs, Function, and Associated Diseases - Health
Jan 12, 2024 · The abdomen is the frontal body cavity between the chest and pelvis that holds vital organs like the stomach, kidneys, bladder, liver, and intestines. Informally called the belly or …
What Is Abdominal Pain? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, …
Most people experience abdominal discomfort or pain at some point in their lives. Abdominal pain (sometimes called stomachache or bellyache) is usually felt in the part of the trunk below the...
What Does Your Abdominal Pain Location Mean? | Complete Care
Jun 9, 2025 · Abdominal pain on the left side in this lower region often relates to digestive issues, but can also signal problems with other systems, leading to conditions such as: Diverticulitis …
The Abdomen - TeachMeAnatomy
The abdomen is the part of the body that contains all of the structures between the thorax (chest) and the pelvis, and is separated from the thorax via the diaphragm. The region occupied by the …
