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AC Joint Physical Therapy: A Comprehensive Guide to Recovery and Rehabilitation
Author: Dr. Emily Carter, PT, DPT, OCS, SCS (Doctor of Physical Therapy, Board-Certified Orthopedic Clinical Specialist, Sports Certified Specialist)
Publisher: Physiotherapy Perspectives, a leading online publisher of evidence-based physiotherapy articles and resources, renowned for its peer-reviewed content on musculoskeletal conditions, including extensive coverage of AC joint physical therapy.
Editor: Dr. Michael Johnson, PT, PhD (Doctor of Physical Therapy, PhD in Rehabilitation Science), a leading researcher in musculoskeletal rehabilitation and expert in AC joint physical therapy protocols.
Keywords: ac joint physical therapy, ac joint separation, ac joint pain, ac joint rehabilitation, ac joint exercises, ac joint injury, ac joint treatment, ac joint sprains, physical therapy for ac joint, ac joint physiotherapy, ac joint recovery
Introduction:
The acromioclavicular (AC) joint, located where the collarbone (clavicle) meets the shoulder blade (scapula), is frequently injured, particularly in contact sports and from falls. AC joint physical therapy plays a crucial role in managing pain, restoring function, and preventing long-term complications following an AC joint injury. This comprehensive guide explores various aspects of AC joint physical therapy, from initial assessment to advanced rehabilitation techniques. Understanding the intricacies of AC joint physical therapy is vital for both healthcare professionals and individuals seeking relief from AC joint pain.
Understanding AC Joint Injuries:
AC joint injuries range from mild sprains to severe separations, graded from I to VI based on the severity of ligament damage and joint displacement. The type of injury dictates the approach to ac joint physical therapy. Mild sprains may only require conservative management, including rest, ice, and pain management, while severe separations might necessitate surgical intervention followed by a rigorous ac joint physical therapy program. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective ac joint physical therapy. Imaging studies, such as X-rays, are usually required to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the injury.
Phase 1: Initial Management & Pain Control (Acute Phase):
The initial phase of ac joint physical therapy focuses on managing pain and inflammation. This often involves:
PRICE Principle: Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation. Limiting activities that aggravate the joint is vital.
Pain Management: Modalities like ice, ultrasound, electrical stimulation, and iontophoresis can be employed to reduce pain and inflammation. Medication, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), may also be prescribed.
Range of Motion Exercises: Gentle, pain-free range of motion exercises are initiated to prevent stiffness and maintain joint mobility. These exercises are carefully chosen to avoid stressing the injured AC joint.
Phase 2: Restoring Range of Motion & Strengthening (Sub-acute Phase):
Once the acute inflammation subsides, the focus shifts to restoring full range of motion and strengthening the surrounding muscles. This phase of ac joint physical therapy includes:
Pendulum Exercises: Gentle swinging motions of the arm help improve range of motion without directly stressing the AC joint.
Isometric Exercises: These exercises involve muscle contractions without movement, helping strengthen muscles without putting strain on the joint.
Progressive Range of Motion Exercises: Gradually increasing the range of motion exercises as pain allows.
Scapular Stabilization Exercises: Strengthening the muscles that stabilize the scapula (shoulder blade) is crucial for proper shoulder mechanics and reducing stress on the AC joint.
Phase 3: Functional Strengthening & Return to Activity (Chronic Phase):
The final phase of ac joint physical therapy emphasizes functional strengthening and a gradual return to normal activities. This involves:
Progressive Resistance Exercises: Using resistance bands or weights to progressively strengthen the shoulder muscles.
Proprioceptive Training: Exercises to improve balance and coordination, essential for returning to activities that require dynamic movement.
Functional Activities: Gradually incorporating activities that mimic daily tasks and sports-specific movements.
Return to Sport: A phased return to sport is crucial, gradually increasing the intensity and duration of activity as tolerated. This is closely monitored by the physical therapist to avoid re-injury.
Specific Exercises in AC Joint Physical Therapy:
Numerous exercises are used in ac joint physical therapy, tailored to the individual’s specific needs and injury stage. These may include:
Scapular retractions: Strengthening the muscles that pull the shoulder blades together.
Shoulder shrugs: Strengthening the trapezius muscles.
Wall slides: Improving shoulder blade movement and stability.
Rows: Strengthening the back muscles that support the shoulder girdle.
External and internal rotation exercises: Improving shoulder rotation and mobility.
The Role of Manual Therapy in AC Joint Physical Therapy:
Manual therapy techniques, performed by skilled physical therapists, can play a significant role in ac joint physical therapy. These may include:
Soft tissue mobilization: Addressing muscle tightness and restrictions around the shoulder girdle.
Joint mobilization: Gentle joint movements to restore joint mobility and reduce pain.
Acupressure: Stimulating specific points to reduce pain and inflammation.
Importance of Patient Education in AC Joint Physical Therapy:
Patient education is a cornerstone of successful ac joint physical therapy. Patients need to understand their injury, the treatment plan, and the importance of adherence to the prescribed exercises and activity modifications. This empowers them to actively participate in their recovery and prevents re-injury.
Conclusion:
AC joint physical therapy offers a comprehensive and effective approach to managing AC joint injuries. A tailored program, encompassing pain management, range of motion restoration, strengthening, and functional rehabilitation, is crucial for optimal recovery and a successful return to activity. Close collaboration between the patient, physician, and physical therapist ensures the best possible outcomes. The success of ac joint physical therapy hinges on early intervention, accurate diagnosis, adherence to the treatment plan, and patient education.
FAQs:
1. How long does AC joint physical therapy take? The duration varies depending on the severity of the injury and individual response to treatment, ranging from several weeks to several months.
2. What are the common signs and symptoms of an AC joint injury? Pain in the shoulder, particularly with movement, swelling, bruising, tenderness to the touch over the AC joint, and limited range of motion.
3. Can I return to sports after an AC joint injury? Yes, with appropriate rehabilitation and a gradual return to activity under the guidance of a physical therapist.
4. What are the potential complications of an untreated AC joint injury? Chronic pain, limited range of motion, instability, and development of arthritis.
5. Is surgery always necessary for an AC joint separation? No, surgery is usually reserved for severe separations (grades IV-VI). Many injuries can be successfully treated with conservative management including ac joint physical therapy.
6. How can I prevent AC joint injuries? Maintaining good shoulder strength and stability through regular exercise, proper warm-up before activity, and avoiding activities that put excessive stress on the shoulder.
7. What type of exercises should I avoid after an AC joint injury? Exercises that cause significant pain or increase the symptoms. Your physical therapist will guide you on appropriate exercises.
8. How often should I attend physical therapy sessions for AC joint injury? The frequency of sessions is determined by your physical therapist based on your individual needs and progress.
9. Will I need to use crutches after an AC joint injury? This depends on the severity of the injury. Crutches may be necessary initially for severe injuries to limit weight-bearing on the affected shoulder.
Related Articles:
1. AC Joint Separation: Diagnosis and Treatment Options: This article provides a detailed overview of different types of AC joint separations, diagnostic methods, and treatment options, including conservative and surgical approaches, highlighting the crucial role of ac joint physical therapy in each.
2. The Role of Manual Therapy in AC Joint Rehabilitation: This article focuses specifically on manual therapy techniques used in ac joint physical therapy, including joint mobilization, soft tissue mobilization, and other hands-on treatments.
3. Strengthening Exercises for AC Joint Recovery: This article details specific strengthening exercises used during different phases of ac joint physical therapy, with illustrations and explanations of proper form.
4. Proprioceptive Exercises for Improved AC Joint Stability: This article emphasizes the importance of proprioceptive training in ac joint physical therapy, providing examples of exercises to improve balance and coordination.
5. Return to Sport After AC Joint Injury: A Phased Approach: This article provides a comprehensive guide to safely returning to sports after an AC joint injury, emphasizing the importance of a gradual and progressive approach.
6. Understanding AC Joint Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and Management: A detailed explanation of AC joint pain, its causes, and various management strategies, highlighting the benefits of early intervention and ac joint physical therapy.
7. The Importance of Patient Education in AC Joint Physical Therapy: Focuses on patient education strategies, patient compliance, and communication with healthcare providers during the rehabilitation process.
8. Case Study: Successful AC Joint Rehabilitation Using a Multimodal Approach: A real-life case study demonstrating the successful application of ac joint physical therapy incorporating various treatment methods.
9. Comparative Analysis of Conservative vs. Surgical Treatment for AC Joint Injuries: A review of the literature comparing outcomes of conservative management, including ac joint physical therapy, versus surgical intervention for different grades of AC joint injuries.
| ac joint physical therapy: Therapeutic Exercise Carolyn Kisner, Lynn Allen Colby, John Borstad, 2022-10-17 The premier text for therapeutic exercise Here is all the guidance you need to customize interventions for individuals with movement dysfunction. You’ll find the perfect balance of theory and clinical technique—in-depth discussions of the principles of therapeutic exercise and manual therapy and the most up-to-date exercise and management guidelines. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Evidence-Based Orthopedics Mohit Bhandari, 2021-09-27 Evidence-Based Orthopedics is an up-to-date review of the best evidence for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of orthopedic conditions. Covering orthopedic surgery as well as pre- and post-operative complications, this comprehensive guide provides recommendations for implementing evidence-based practice in the clinical setting. Chapters written by leading clinicians and researchers in the field are supported by tables of evidence that summarize systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials. In areas where evidence is insufficient to recommend a practice, summaries of the available research are provided to assist in decision-making. This fully revised new edition reflects the most recent evidence using the approved evidence-based medicine (EBM) guidelines and methodology. The text now places greater emphasis on GRADE—a transparent framework for developing and presenting summaries of evidence—to allow readers to easily evaluate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations. The second edition offers a streamlined presentation and an improved standardized format emphasizing how evidence in each chapter directly affects clinical decisions. Incorporating a vast amount of new evidence, Evidence-Based Orthopedics: Features thoroughly revised and updated content, including a new chapter on pediatric orthopedics and new X-ray images Provides the evidence base for orthopedic surgery as well as pediatric orthopedics and orthopedic conditions requiring medical treatment Covers the different methods for most orthopedic surgical procedures, such as hip replacements, arthroscopy, and knee replacements Helps surgeons and orthopedic specialists achieve a uniform optimum standard through a condition-based approach Aligns with internationally accepted guidelines and best health economic principles Evidence-Based Orthopedics is an invaluable resource for orthopedic specialists, surgeons, trauma surgeons, trainees, and medical students. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Play Forever Kevin R. Stone, 2021-12-14 Why are some octogenarians competitive athletes while others struggle to walk up the stairs? It isn't luck. It's orthopaedic science. If you're tired of doctors telling you that an injury will prevent you from playing the sports you enjoy, you'll love Dr. Kevin R. Stone's Play Forever. All great athletes get injured. Only the best of them use those injuries to come back to their sport better-fitter, faster, and stronger than before. Through Dr. Stone's revolutionary approach to sports medicine, you'll discover how injuries can lead to a lifetime of high-performance fitness and athleticism. Learn how the musculoskeletal system can be repaired through cutting-edge therapies, then honed and strengthened through semiannual fitness tests, preseason education and training programs, and regular in-season tune-ups. Backed by scientific outcome studies on orthopaedic treatments and implants, Play Forever will become your go-to health and fitness source, helping you play the sport you love to age 100 and beyond. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Lucas G. Chase, Mohan C Vemuri, 2012-12-12 Over the past decade, significant efforts have been made to develop stem cell-based therapies for difficult to treat diseases. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), appear to hold great promise in regards to a regenerative cell-based therapy for the treatment of these diseases. Currently, more than 200 clinical trials are underway worldwide exploring the use of MSCs for the treatment of a wide range of disorders including bone, cartilage and tendon damage, myocardial infarction, graft-versus-host disease, Crohn’s disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, critical limb ischemia and many others. MSCs were first identified by Friendenstein and colleagues as an adherent stromal cell population within the bone marrow with the ability to form clonogenic colonies in vitro. In regards to the basic biology associated with MSCs, there has been tremendous progress towards understanding this cell population’s phenotype and function from a range of tissue sources. Despite enormous progress and an overall increased understanding of MSCs at the molecular and cellular level, several critical questions remain to be answered in regards to the use of these cells in therapeutic applications. Clinically, both autologous and allogenic approaches for the transplantation of MSCs are being explored. Several of the processing steps needed for the clinical application of MSCs, including isolation from various tissues, scalable in vitro expansion, cell banking, dose preparation, quality control parameters, delivery methods and numerous others are being extensively studied. Despite a significant number of ongoing clinical trials, none of the current therapeutic approaches have, at this point, become a standard of care treatment. Although exceptionally promising, the clinical translation of MSC-based therapies is still a work in progress. The extensive number of ongoing clinical trials is expected to provide a clearer path forward for the realization and implementation of MSCs in regenerative medicine. Towards this end, reviews of current clinical trial results and discussions of relevant topics association with the clinical application of MSCs are compiled in this book from some of the leading researchers in this exciting and rapidly advancing field. Although not absolutely all-inclusive, we hope the chapters within this book can promote and enable a better understanding of the translation of MSCs from bench-to-bedside and inspire researchers to further explore this promising and quickly evolving field. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Normal and Pathological Anatomy of the Shoulder Gregory I. Bain, Eiji Itoi, Giovanni Di Giacomo, Hiroyuki Sugaya, 2015-05-05 This cutting-edge monograph on advanced clinical anatomy and pathoanatomy of the shoulder, written by the world’s leading authors, reflects recent significant advances in understanding of anatomy and pathology. It is beautifully illustrated with exquisite photographs of anatomical specimens, and images from arthroscopy, histology, and radiology complete the picture. The accompanying text brings out the clinical, biomechanical, and functional relevance and focuses on aspects important to the high-performance athlete. In addition, the book closely assesses how each component of the normal anatomy responds to trauma, disease, and degeneration. The finer points of the pathoanatomy are demonstrated with clinical cases, histology, radiology, arthroscopy, and open surgery. The text details how the pathoanatomy affects the patient presentation, clinical examination, and imaging. It is also explained how the pathology affects the natural history and the outcome of physical therapy and influences recommendations for surgical treatments. This book will be of immense value both to trainees and to specialists who manage disorders of the shoulder, including orthopedic surgeons, sports physicians, and physiotherapists. It will also be of great interest to anatomists and pathologists. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Physical Therapy of the Shoulder - E-Book Robert A. Donatelli, 2011-03-16 - Updated neurology and surgery sections provide the most current, evidence-based practice parameters. - New case studies are added to show the clinical application of therapy principles. - Video clips on the companion Evolve website demonstrate additional techniques, exercises, and tests. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Climb Injury-Free Jared Vagy, 2017-05-12 Ever wonder how to take your climbing to the next level? Has injury prevented you from climbing? Whether you're a professional athlete or a novice climber, ?Climb Injury-Free? is the guide that will take your climbing to the next level. The book utilizes the ?Rock Rehab Pyramid,? the most advanced injury prevention and athletic performance program built specifically for rock climbers. You will learn how to diagnosis, treat and prevent the 10 most common climbing injuries in step-by-step chapters.Learn exclusive injury advice with over 30 profiles from top professional climbers including Adam Ondra, Sasha DiGiulian Sean McColl, Jonathan Siegrist and many more. Now you can utilize the system used by thousands of climbers worldwide and see the results for yourself. Start today on the path to recovery and take your climbing to the next level. Climb on! |
| ac joint physical therapy: Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapy Christopher H. Wise, 2015-04-10 Take an eclectic, evidence-based approach to orthopaedic manual therapy. From theory through practical application of soft tissue and joint mobilization techniques—this comprehensive resource delivers the depth and breadth of coverage you need to optimize patient outcomes through informed clinical decision-making as part of a comprehensive intervention regimen. |
| ac joint physical therapy: The Color Atlas of Physical Therapy Eric Shamus, 2014-10-31 A FULL-COLOR, CASE-BASED PHYSICAL THERAPY ATLAS FOR CLINICIANS AND STUDENTS The Color Atlas of Physical Therapy delivers a high-quality visual presentation of the disorders a physical therapist would most likely encounter in daily practice. Enhanced by more than 1,000 full-color illustrations and concise, evidence-based treatment recommendations, the book features a consistent design that makes information retrieval at the point of care fast and easy. MOST CHAPTERS INCLUDE VITAL INFORAMTION SUCH AS: Condition/Disorder Synonyms ICD -9 and 10-CM Codes Preferred Practice Patterns Patient Presentation Key Features: Description Essentials of Diagnosis General Considerations Demographics Clinical Findings: Signs and Symptoms Functional Implications Possible Contributing Causes Differential Diagnosis Functional Goals Means of Confirmation: Laboratory Imaging Findings and Interpretation Treatment: Medications Medical Procedures Referrals Impairments Tests and Measures Intervention Prognosis References Patient Resources |
| ac joint physical therapy: Shoulder Rehabilitation Todd S. Ellenbecker, 2011-01-01 Clear treatment guidelines for a range of shoulder disorders This book presents the latest evidence-based information on current non-operative treatment recommendations for shoulder rehabilitation. Addressing a range of shoulder disorders, including glenohumeral joint instability, glenohumeral joint impingement, and frozen shoulder, Shoulder Rehabilitation: Non-Operative Treatment provides easy-to-follow guidelines on how to develop rehabilitation plans tailored to the specific needs of the patient. It also covers special topics in shoulder rehabilitation, such as how to modify traditional exercises for shoulder rehabilitation; the use of taping and external devices in rehabilitation; and the use of interval-based sport return programs. Highlights of this text: In-depth coverage of specific shoulder pathologies with key basic science information Detailed descriptions of specific exercise modifications that will help return the active shoulder patient to full activity following physical therapy Extensive use of photographs and figures that illustrate recommended exercise and mobilization techniques An ideal clinical reference, this book will benefit specialists in orthopedics, sports medicine, and physical therapy, as well as students in graduate-level physical therapy and athletic training programs. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Acromioclavicular, Clavicle, and Sternoclavicular Injuries in Athletes, An Issue of Clinics in Sports Medicine, E-Book Katherine J. Coyner, 2023-09-21 In this issue, guest editors bring their considerable expertise to this important topic.Provides in-depth reviews on the latest updates in the field, providing actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews. |
| ac joint physical therapy: The Athlete's Shoulder James R. Andrews, Kevin E. Wilk, Michael M. Reinold, 2008-10-30 The latest edition of this in-depth look at athletic injuries of the shoulder has been updated to feature 16 new chapters, additional illustrations and algorithms, an added focus on arthroscopic treatments, and pearls that highlight key information. Additional contributing authors give you a fresh spin on new and old topics from rehabilitation exercises to special coverage of female athletes, pediatrics, and golfers. This book offers coverage of arthroscopy, total joint replacement, instability, football, tennis, swimming, and gymnastic injuries, rotator cuff injuries, and much, much more! The large range of topics covered in this text ensures that it's a great resource for orthopaedists, physical therapists, athletic trainers, and primary care physicians. - Presents a multidisciplinary approach to the care of the shoulder, combining contributions from the leaders in the field of orthopedic surgery, physical therapy, and athletic training. - Demonstrates which exercises your patients should perform in order to decrease their chance of injury or increase strength following an injury through illustrated exercises for rehabilitation and injury prevention. - Illustrates how the shoulder is affected during activity of certain sports with a variety of tables and graphs. - Covers a large range of topics including all shoulder injuries to be sufficiently comprehensive for both orthopaedists and physical therapists/athletic trainers.Features 16 new chapters, including Internal Impingement, Bankarts: Open vs. Arthroscopy, Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder, Cervicogenic Shoulder Pain, Proprioception: Testing and Treatment, and more. - Details current surgical and rehabilitation information for all aspects of shoulder pathology to keep you up-to-date. - Organizes topics into different sections on anatomy, biomechanics, surgery, and rehabilitation for ease of reference. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Rotator Cuff Disorders Wayne Z. Burkhead, 1996 A text on the rotator cuff, with nine chapters written by Burkhead himself, and the remaining 24 chapters contributed by nationally and internationally recognized physicians and shoulder surgeons. The volume contains seven sections: history of cuff repair (1 chapter); basic science and the rotator cuff (3 chapters); evaluation and classification of cuff lesions (3 chapters); clinical disorders (10 chapters); conservative treatment of cuff defects and impingement syndrome (2 chapters); arthroscopic management of rotator cuff disease (1 chapter); and surgical management of massive cuff tears and degeneration (13 chapters). Thoroughly illustrated in bandw, with extensive chapter references. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| ac joint physical therapy: Therapy of the Hand and Upper Extremity Scott F. M. Duncan, Christopher W. Flowers, 2015-02-20 Presenting over 100 rehabilitation protocols for the hand and upper extremity in an easy-to-use, step-by-step format, this practical reference provides surgeons and therapists alike with a go-to source for the therapy technique or strategy appropriate for their patients. Covering injuries from the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hand and fingers, each protocol includes bullet-pointed steps in daily or weekly increments following the injury or surgery and are inherently adaptable to the specific surgical intervention or rehabilitation requirement. Procedures following arthroplasty, extensor and flexor tendon injuries, fractures and dislocations, ligament and soft tissue injures, and nerve compression syndromes are among the many and multifaceted therapies presented. This book will be an invaluable resource for the orthopedic surgeon, hand surgeon, physical therapist, occupational therapist, hand therapist and any active clinician treating injuries to the hand and upper extremity. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Diagnostic Imaging for Physical Therapists James Swain, Kenneth W. Bush, Juliette Brosing, 2009-02-02 With the ever-increasing demand on physical therapists to develop the most effective treatment interventions comes this invaluable imaging resource covering exactly what you need to know! Diagnostic Imaging for Physical Therapists gives you the knowledge to understand the basic principles of musculoskeletal imaging and how to interpret radiographic images in your physical therapy practice. This straightforward, highly illustrated text is organized by body region and covers all the fundamentals with an emphasis on standard, two-dimensional x-rays. An accompanying DVD delivers high-resolution copies of the images in the text along with interactive activities to enhance your understanding of the material. With this indispensable text, you'll recognize when diagnostic imaging is necessary, and you'll be able to interpret the results with confidence. - Written specifically for PTs, this book covers the most common film images you will see in your practice and introduces you to some of the not-so-common images. - UNIQUE companion DVD helps you hone your diagnostic imaging skills with high-resolution radiographic images and animations. - DVD icons in the book direct you to interactive exercises including ABCs, pathologies, case studies, and quizzes that will enhance your understanding of concepts in the text. - Provides you with a systematic basis for approaching the interpretation of standard films. - The body system approach of the chapters makes it easy to find information specific to a body region. - Text edited by highly respected experts in musculoskeletal rehabilitation gives you authoritative guidance on the management of musculoskeletal pathology and injury. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Physical Examination of the Shoulder Ryan J. Warth, Peter J. Millett, 2015-06-24 This text presents a comprehensive and concise evidence-based and differential-based approach to physical examination of the shoulder in a manner that promotes its successful application in clinical practice. Additionally, this book provides an integrated approach to the diagnosis of numerous shoulder pathologies by combining discussions of pathoanatomy and the interpretation of physical examination techniques and was written for any health care professional or student who may be required to evaluate patients who present with shoulder pain. This information will allow the clinician to make informed decisions regarding further testing procedures, imaging and potential therapeutic options. Physical Examination of the Shoulder will serve as an invaluable resource for practicing orthopedic surgeons, sports medicine specialists, physical therapists, residents in training and medical students interested in the field of clinical orthopedics. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Orthopedic Interventions for the Physical Therapist Assistant Maureen Raffensperg, 2019-11-05 First laying the foundation of the role of the PTA within the orthopedic plan of care, this text offers students the fundamental knowledge needed to best understand how the PT evaluates a patient. From principles of tissue healing to detailed descriptions of the most common pathologies, tests and interventions for each body region, this text prepares the PTA for best patient education and care. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Shoulder Rehabilitation Todd S. Ellenbecker, 2011-01-01 Clear treatment guidelines for a range of shoulder disorders This book presents the latest evidence-based information on current non-operative treatment recommendations for shoulder rehabilitation. Addressing a range of shoulder disorders, including glenohumeral joint instability, glenohumeral joint impingement, and frozen shoulder, Shoulder Rehabilitation: Non-Operative Treatment provides easy-to-follow guidelines on how to develop rehabilitation plans tailored to the specific needs of the patient. It also covers special topics in shoulder rehabilitation, such as how to modify traditional exercises for shoulder rehabilitation; the use of taping and external devices in rehabilitation; and the use of interval-based sport return programs. Highlights of this text: In-depth coverage of specific shoulder pathologies with key basic science information Detailed descriptions of specific exercise modifications that will help return the active shoulder patient to full activity following physical therapy Extensive use of photographs and figures that illustrate recommended exercise and mobilization techniques An ideal clinical reference, this book will benefit specialists in orthopedics, sports medicine, and physical therapy, as well as students in graduate-level physical therapy and athletic training programs. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Ultrasound of the Shoulder Carlos Frederico Arend, 2013-09-02 The objective of this book is to provide authoritative, critically reviewed, and up-to-date information on diagnostic shoulder ultrasound. The volume contains more than 500 high-quality images to elucidate key concepts, provides extensive MRI correlation, includes a comprehensive list of references, and offers online access to illustrative videos on dynamic findings. It also integrates basic and clinical science, and is full of personal perspectives on established and controversial topics, which are essential in a field of medicine so dependent upon the intelligent integration of subjective data. Hope you enjoy. Have a nice reading. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Surgical Techniques of the Shoulder, Elbow, and Knee in Sports Medicine, E-Book Brian J. Cole, Jorge Chahla, 2022-05-24 Ensure optimal outcomes from each shoulder, elbow, and knee sports medicine surgery with the consistent, step-by-step approach offered in this comprehensive reference. Surgical Techniques of the Shoulder, Elbow, and Knee in Sports Medicine, 3rd Edition, covers both open and arthroscopic surgeries, providing the expert guidance you need on everything from patient positioning, anatomy, relevant biomechanics and the latest orthopaedic surgery techniques, through pearls and pitfalls and post-operative care. Contributing authors are renowned sports medicine surgeons who equip you with a global perspective on the most recent orthopaedic advances. - Covers the latest open and arthroscopic techniques for both common and not-so-common sports medicine pathologies. - Offers a comprehensive approach to each pathology including rehabilitation protocols and return-to-play criteria. - Contains more than 15 new chapters: First-time Shoulder Dislocation, Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction (various techniques), Managing Bone Loss on the Humeral Head, Cartilage Allografts for the Treatment of Cartilage Lesions of the Knee, and many more. - Provides up-to-date information on timely topics such as complex decision making for the patellofemoral joint, biologics and injection therapy for the management of osteoarthritis, and primary ACL repair techniques. - Highlights step-by-step text with numerous high-quality illustrations, surgical photographs, and MRIs and radiographs. - Includes access to an online surgical video collection covering Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: Double Row Techniques; Arthroscopic Repair of Multidirectional Instability of the Shoulder; Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair and Reconstruction: DANE Technique; Double Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction; and Management of Proximal Tibiofibular Instability. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant Jacqueline Kopack, Karen Cascardi, 2024-06-01 Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant is a textbook that provides PTA educators, students, and practicing clinicians with a guide to the application of therapeutic exercise across the continuum of care. Written by 2 seasoned clinicians with more than 40 years of combined PTA education experience, Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant focuses on developing the learner’s ability to create effective therapeutic exercise programs, as well as to safely and appropriately monitor and progress the patient within the physical therapy plan of care. The content is written in a style conducive to a new learner developing comprehension, while still providing adequate depth as well as access to newer research. Included in Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant are: • Indications, contraindications, and red flags associated with various exercise interventions • Documentation tips • Easy-to-follow tables to aid in understanding comprehensive treatment guidelines across the phases of rehabilitation • Eye on the Research sections throughout the text dedicated to current research and evidence-based practices Also included with the text are online supplemental materials for faculty use in the classroom, consisting of PowerPoint slides and an Instructor’s Manual (complete with review questions and quizzes). Created specifically to meet the educational needs of PTA students, faculty, and clinicians, Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant is an exceptional, up-to-date guidebook that encompasses the principles of therapeutic science across the entire continuum of care. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Expert Guide to Sports Medicine Matthew Davis, 2005 A one-stop reference on the management of sports injuries, this is ideal for physicians who have not specialized in sports medicine. It offers all of the practical guidance needed to diagnose sports-related injuries, treat patients in the ambulatory care setting, if possible, and refer them to a specialist, if necessary. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Fundamental Orthopedic Management for the Physical Therapist Assistant - E-Book Robert C. Manske, 2021-07-15 - NEW! Updated content and references are added throughout the book to reflect changes in practice patterns. - NEW! Expanded full-color illustrations add clarity to anatomy and procedural drawings and make it easier to learn important concepts - NEW! Updated chapter summaries highlight essential, need-to-know information. - NEW! Updated educator and student resources on the Evolve website provide tools to make teaching and learning easier. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Treat Your Own Rotator Cuff Jim Johnson, 2006 Treat your own rotator cuff? Who needs to worry about that? According to the medical research, a lot of people. The rotator cuff, a group of four, flat tendons that connect to the critical muscles that stabilize your shoulder, can cause a lot more problems than you might think. Consider a few of these statistics from the published literature: .It's simply just a matter of time until the majority of shoulders get a rotator cuff tear. According to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans, approximately 4% of people under forty years of age have a torn rotator cuff. After age sixty, however, 54% of people have one (Sher 1995). .Once the rotator cuff gets torn, it doesn't look good either. One study followed a group of patients with tears in their rotator cuffs and found that 80% of the them went on to either enlarge or turn into full thickness tears-in less than a two-year period (Yamanaka 1994). As you can tell, rotator cuff problems aren't just for elite athletes. Seriously consider investing just a few minutes a week doing the simple exercises in this book if you: .have been diagnosed with either a partial or full thickness rotator cuff tear (yes, many studies show that even full thickness tears can be helped with exercise ) .experience shoulder pain .do upper body weight lifting .have a job or play a sport where you do a lot of work with your arms above shoulder level .have been diagnosed with impingement syndrome .want a healthy and properly functioning rotator cuff So whether you already suffer from a rotator cuff problem, or simply want to prevent one, Treat Your Own Rotator Cuff will guide you step-by-step through an evidence-based program that can iron-plate your shoulders in just minutes a week. Jim Johnson, P.T., is a physical therapist who has spent over fifteen years treating both inpatients and outpatients with a wide range of pain and mobility problems. He has written many books based completely on published research and controlled trials including The Multifidus Back Pain Solution, Treat Your Own Knees, The No-Beach, No-Zone, No-Nonsense Weight Loss Plan: A Pocket Guide to What Works, and The Sixty-Second Motivator. His books have been translated into other languages and thousands of copies have been sold worldwide. Besides working full-time as a clinician in a large teaching hospital and writing books, Jim Johnson is a certified Clinical Instructor by the American Physical Therapy Association and enjoys teaching physical therapy students from all over the United States. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Physical Therapy Neeraj D Baheti, Moira K Jamati, 2016-04-10 Physical Therapy – Treatment of Common Orthopedic Conditions is a highly illustrated, evidence-based guide to the treatment of a range of common orthopaedic disorders, edited by US based experts in the field. Divided into sixteen chapters, across three sections, the book begins with a section on upper extremity, including conditions such as thoracic outlet syndrome, rotator cuff impingement, and carpal tunnel syndrome. The second section covers the spine, including sprains and strains, and cervical radiculopathy. The final section focuses on lower extremity, covering conditions such as hamstring strain, tendinopathy, and medial tibial stress syndrome. Each chapter begins with an overview of important information for diagnosis, followed by detailed evaluation and treatment approaches, which include conservative therapy, as well as complimentary, alternative, medical and surgical interventions. The text is enhanced by 850 full colour images and illustrations. Physical Therapy – Treatment of Common Orthopedic Conditions references more than 1700 journal articles and books, ensuring authoritative content throughout this valuable resource for physiotherapists. Key Points Evidence-based guide to the treatment of a range of common orthopaedic conditions USA-based, expert editorial team References from over 1700 authoritative journal articles and books 850 full colour images and illustrations |
| ac joint physical therapy: Shoulder Richard L. Angelo, James Esch, Richard K. N. Ryu, 2010-01-01 This title in the AANA Advanced Arthroscopy series covers advanced and emerging, state-of-the-art arthroscopic techniques---rotator cuff repairs, arthroscopic subscapularis repair, biologic augmentation devices, and more. Premiere arthroscopic shoulder surgeons discuss disease-specific options, managing and avoiding complications, and rehabilitation protocols...in print and online. -- |
| ac joint physical therapy: Office Orthopedics for Primary Care: Treatment Bruce Carl Anderson, 2005-09-26 The revised and expanded 3rd Edition of this widely popular text provides proven how-to guidance for the management of 52 of the most common musculoskeletal disorders seen in today's clinical settings, including strains, sprains, overuse injuries, and inflammatory and arthritic conditions. It explains each problem, how a typical patient describes the discomfort, what to look for during the examination, when to request X-rays, and how to draw a sound diagnosis from clinical observations. The text features updated tables of supports, braces, and casts that make it easy to choose the most efficient and cost-effective immobilizers. Features the expertise of Dr. Bruce Carl Anderson, a world authority on orthopedic practice in primary care. Presents straightforward, proven how-tos for the 52 most common orthopedic problems-20 new to this edition. Offers detailed descriptions and simple but effective anatomical drawings that demonstrate the 37 most effective local injection sites. Features 30 ready-to-copy patient information sheets that show patients how to do rehabilitation exercises. Includes many at-a-glance tables that compare dosages * outline costs * detail the uses of injectable corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and calcium supplements * and show supports, braces, and casts. Covers new treatments that have become more common in recent years, such as treatment for geriatric patients and exercise-related injuries. Features expanded patient education content, including more patient handouts than ever. Includes 100 new anatomical drawings. |
| ac joint physical therapy: WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour , 2020-11-20 |
| ac joint physical therapy: 9 Out of 10 Climbers Make the Same Mistakes Dave MacLeod, 2009-11 9 out of 10 climbers are stuck. They are stuck on the same things. Some of the things that hold climbers back from improving their climbing standard are the same as they were twenty years ago: motivation, managing time, and not being able to analyse and correct their own basic technical or tactical errors. But they are also stuck for a new set of reasons. Twenty years ago, the problem was that no one knew how to train for climbing. Information was scarce and couldn't travel fast among the participants. Today, it's the opposite problem. Book after book lists techniques for climbing, exercises for climbing, tips for climbing. Navigating this barrage of information, filtering out the irrelevant and homing in on what matters to your life, your climbing and your circumstances has been the limiting step for today's climber.--Page 4 of cover. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Shoulder Reconstruction Charles S. Neer, 1990 Here's the definitive description of shoulder reconstruction by the surgeon who pioneered most of the techniques. Discusses such common clinical problems as cuff tears, bicep lesions, and impingement. Provides background and technique for glenohumeral arthroplasty, including pathology and special technical problems. Develops the modern classification and approach to treatment of proximal humeral fractures. Illustrated throughout with original artwork by renowned medical artist, Robert J. Demarest. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System Donald A. Neumann, 2010 Brilliantly and abundantly illustrated, this dynamic resource is the most comprehensive, research-based, reader-friendly text on kinesiology. An engaging approach explores the fundamental principles in vivid detail and clarifies the link between the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system to help you ensure a clear, confident understanding. UNIQUE! Clinical Connections boxes in each chapter enhance your understanding and promote practical application. Special Focus boxes and clinical examples throughout the text bridge classroom content with real-world application to help you succeed in practice. Logically organized content establishes an understanding of fundamental concepts before moving on to more complex material to make learning easier. Chapter outlines provide a framework for learning and enable you to reference specific topics at a glance. UNIQUE! A companion Evolve Resources website reinforces your understanding through kinesiology video clips and answers to study questions. UNIQUE! More than 500 high-quality, full-color illustrations clarify musculoskeletal anatomy and reinforce anatomic concepts. Study questions in each chapter test your comprehension and strengthen your critical-thinking capabilities. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine Surgery Mark D. Miller, Sam W. Wiesel, 2012-03-28 Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine Surgery provides full-color, step-by-step explanations of all operative procedures in sports medicine. It contains the sports-related chapters from Sam W. Wiesel's Operative Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery. Written by experts from leading institutions around the world, this superbly illustrated volume focuses on mastery of operative techniques and also provides a thorough understanding of how to select the best procedure, how to avoid complications, and what outcomes to expect. The user-friendly format is ideal for quick preoperative review of the steps of a procedure. Each procedure is broken down step by step, with full-color intraoperative photographs and drawings that demonstrate how to perform each technique. Extensive use of bulleted points and tables allows quick and easy reference. Each clinical problem is discussed in the same format: definition, anatomy, physical exams, pathogenesis, natural history, physical findings, imaging and diagnostic studies, differential diagnosis, non-operative management, surgical management, pearls and pitfalls, postoperative care, outcomes, and complications. To ensure that the material fully meets residents' needs, the text was reviewed by a Residency Advisory Board. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Postsurgical Orthopedic Sports Rehabilitation Robert C. Manske, 2006-01-01 Written by well-known experts in a reader-friendly style, this is the only book to focus specifically on post-surgical guidelines for successful rehabilitation of the knee and shoulder for sports patients. Content covers basic concepts related to soft tissue healing, as well as core concepts in sports medicine rehabilitation, all of which lay the groundwork for discussions of specific protocols. Detailed descriptions of the latest post-surgical procedures for various knee and shoulder pathologies equip readers with essential knowledge needed to recommend the most effective treatment plans. Includes a separate section on multiple ligament knee injuries. Numerous photos and radiographs of topics discussed in the text serve as excellent visual references in the clinical setting. Detailed descriptions of the most current surgical protocols for various knee and shoulder pathologies help readers recommend the best treatment based on proven rehabilitation plans. The inflammatory response is described, with regard to its role in soft tissue healing following surgical procedures of the knee and shoulder. Protocols based on the most recent research available promotes evidence-based practice. A chapter on rotator cuff injuries includes authoritative, up-to-date information on this topic. A chapter on cartilage replacement focuses on the nuts and bolts of rehabilitation for this common injury, offering current, hands-on information about one of the fastest changing treatment protocols. Contributors are expert therapists and physicians - respected leaders in their field. Each chapter highlights post-op guidelines and protocols in a consistent format that's immediately accessible and easy to reference. Comprehensive information on soft tissue healing is presented. A separate section on multiple ligament knee injuries presents hard-to-find information that's rarely covered in other resources or literature. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Management of Common Musculoskeletal Disorders Darlene Hertling, Randolph M. Kessler, 2006 The fundamental textbook of orthopedic physical therapy is now in its thoroughly updated Fourth Edition. This new edition presents a how-to approach focusing on the foundations of manual therapy. More than 1,200 illustrations and photographs demonstrate therapeutic techniques. Extensive references cite key articles, emphasizing the latest research. Reflecting current practice standards, this edition places greater emphasis on joint stabilization techniques and the role of exercise. Coverage includes new material on soft tissue manipulations and myofascial evaluation. This edition also features case studies covering real-life practice scenarios. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Adolescent Medicine Today: A Guide To Caring For The Adolescent Patient Elise D Berlan, Terrill D Bravender, 2011-11-25 Filled with short, succinct chapters written by experts in the field of Adolescent Medicine, this handbook covers the major health issues that practicing clinicians regularly encounter in the care of teens and young adults. From menstrual concerns and sexually transmitted infections, anxiety disorders and depression, to eating disorders and common sports medicine concerns, this book is an ideal reference guide for busy clinical practices. Students, residents, and established clinicians alike will find the “Adolescent Pearls” section of each chapter particularly useful. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Secrets - E-Book Jeffrey D. Placzek, David A. Boyce, 2023-12-26 Unlock the secrets to passing the Orthopaedic Certified Specialist (OCS) exam with this comprehensive Q&A review! Offering a unique question-and-answer format, Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Secrets, 4th Edition helps you build the knowledge and skills needed to pass orthopaedic and sports certification specialty exams. The book introduces basic physical therapy concepts and then covers different healing modalities, clinical specialties, and orthopedic procedures typically prescribed for common injuries such as those to the shoulder, hand, wrist, spine, and knee. From a team of PT experts led by Jeffrey D. Placzek and David A. Boyce, this review also serves as a useful reference for practitioners who wish to provide the latest in evidence-based care. - Coverage of topics found on the orthopedic specialty exam makes this a valuable resource for study and review. - Wide scope of orthopedic coverage includes specialties ranging from anterior knee pain to X-ray imaging, featuring topics such as therapeutic dry needling plus functional movement screening and assessment. - Annotated references provide a useful tool for further reading and research. - Review questions are consistent with the level of difficulty encountered on the orthopedic or sports specialty examinations. - Evidence-based content is based on the latest orthopedic research. - Clinical tips provide guidance for a variety of physical therapy tasks and situations. - Charts, tables, and algorithms summarize information in logical, quick-reference frameworks. - NEW! Updated content reflects contemporary practice standards and provides the current information you need to pass the Orthopaedic Certified Specialist (OCS) examination. - NEW! eBook version is included with print purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. - NEW! Updated references ensure that information is based on the latest scientific literature. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Advanced Techniques in Shoulder Arthroscopy Peter J. Millett, Jonas Pogorzelski, 2020-11-05 This book is written for the benefit of all surgeons who have an interest in arthroscopic shoulder surgery. It is a compendium of different aspects of shoulder surgery that have been learned over the last 25 years. While there has been a rapid progression of shoulder surgery over the last two decades, particularly with the advancement of operative arthroscopic surgery, certain principles remain. The purpose of this book is not to be an exhaustive detailed account of the various historical aspects of arthroscopic shoulder surgery, but rather to act as an up-to-date, instructional handbook that outlines these principles. The book also helps the practicing shoulder surgeon become familiar some of the latest techniques in arthroscopic shoulder surgery, demonstrating proven approaches and outlining key aspects of common and uncommon procedures. Each chapter starts with the indications for the procedure, moves towards the appropriate evaluation and diagnostic work up, and culminates in specific technical explanation of the surgical procedure itself. Advanced Techniques in Shoulder Arthroscopy is a valuable resource for those who are new to arthroscopic shoulder surgery and for those who are skilled and experienced in operative arthroscopy. It is meant to provide a foundation for basic and advanced arthroscopic techniques that helps surgeons improve their craft and treat their patients better. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Practical Management of Pain E-Book Honorio Benzon, James P. Rathmell, Christopher L. Wu, Dennis Turk, Charles E. Argoff, Robert W Hurley, 2022-02-10 For more than 30 years, Practical Management of Pain has offered expert guidance to both clinicians and trainees, covering every aspect of acute and chronic pain medicine for adult and pediatric patients. The fully revised 6th Edition brings you fully up to date with new developments in patient evaluation, diagnosis of pain syndromes, rationales for management, treatment modalities, and much more. Edited by a team of renowned pain clinicians led by Dr. Honorio Benzon, this authoritative reference is a comprehensive, practical resource for pain diagnosis and treatment using a variety of pharmacologic and physical modalities. - Presents a wealth of information in a clearly written, easily accessible manner, enabling you to effectively assess and draw up an optimal treatment plan for patients with acute or chronic pain. - Takes a practical, multidisciplinary approach, making key concepts and techniques easier to apply to everyday practice. - Shares the knowledge and expertise of global contributors on all facets of pain management, from general principles to specific management techniques. - Discusses the latest, best management techniques, including joint injections, ultrasound-guided therapies, and new pharmacologic agents such as topical analgesics. - Covers recent global developments regarding opioid induced hyperalgesia, neuromodulation and pain management, and identification of specific targets for molecular based pain. - Includes current information on the use of cannabinoids in pain management and related regulatory, professional, and legal considerations. - Includes the latest guidelines on facet injections and safety of contrast agents. - Provides new, evidence-based critical analysis on treatment modality outcomes and the latest information on chronic pain as a result of surgical interventions. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Clavicle Injuries Gordon I. Groh, 2017-09-12 This is the first book of its kind to specifically cover all aspects of clavicle injury management, from anatomy and biomechanics to anesthesia and radiology, with the bulk of the chapters presenting current treatment strategies, both operational and otherwise. The clavicle is the most frequently injured bone in the human body, but despite the frequency of injury, there is a remarkable breadth of treatment options and controversy regarding operative and non-operative treatment, with intramedullary fixation and plating techniques both having avid supporters. Each chapter presents expert opinion and relies on biomechanics, anatomy, radiography, evidence-based medicine and outcome studies to reach their conclusions. Technique chapters include illustrative case material, demonstrating a variety of presentations and outcomes. Pediatric and sports-related clavicular injuries are also highlighted, as are complications, for a well-rounded, comprehensive resource. Before now, a text focusing solely on injuries to the clavicle may have seemed like an impossibility. However, given recent reinvestigation into outcomes and emerging concepts in management, Clavicle Injuries stands as the go-to resource for currently techniques for diagnosis and management of these common injuries for orthopedic and emergency surgeons as well as sports medicine specialists. |
| ac joint physical therapy: Shoulder Arthroplasty Gazi Huri, Filippo Familiari, Young Lae Moon, Mahmut Nedim Doral, Giulio Maria Marcheggiani Muccioli, 2019-10-10 This book describes and evaluates techniques and devices used in shoulder arthroplasty with a view to enabling readers to improve their surgical practice. After an opening section on basic knowledge, including surgical anatomy, key issues in total shoulder arthroplasty and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) are considered in detail. Among the topics covered are biomechanics, cemented versus cementless humeral fixation, the comparative merits of humeral components featuring short stem and stemless designs and of pegged and keeled glenoid components, the influence of humeral inclination in RTSA, and the avoidance and management of unstable RTSA. An entire section is then devoted to the description and illustration of valuable surgical tips and tricks. Arthroplasty for acute proximal humerus fractures is considered separately, again addressing important aspects of technique and current controversies. The book is an outcome of a workshop held by the international Shoulder Club, formed at Hacettepe University in Ankara in 2015 with the aim of bringing together leading authorities in the field and young orthopedic surgeons and students from across the world in order to disseminate expertise and exchange ideas. |
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