Abnormal Finding Of Blood Chemistry

Abnormal Findings of Blood Chemistry: A Comprehensive Guide

Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, MD, PhD - Board-certified Clinical Pathologist with 15 years of experience in diagnostic medicine and research at the Mayo Clinic.

Publisher: Healthline Media - A leading provider of credible health information with a strong reputation for accuracy and evidence-based content.

Editor: Dr. Michael Davies, MD - Medical Editor at Healthline Media, specializing in internal medicine and clinical diagnostics.

Keywords: abnormal finding of blood chemistry, abnormal blood test results, blood chemistry analysis, interpreting blood tests, abnormal lab values, clinical chemistry, blood test interpretation, abnormal blood work, diagnostic testing, medical diagnosis

Introduction: Understanding the Significance of Abnormal Findings of Blood Chemistry

An abnormal finding of blood chemistry signifies a deviation from the established reference ranges for various components in the blood. These components, including electrolytes, glucose, lipids, proteins, enzymes, and hormones, provide crucial insights into the overall health and functioning of various organ systems. Detecting an abnormal finding of blood chemistry is a cornerstone of modern medical diagnostics, allowing healthcare professionals to identify underlying diseases, monitor treatment effectiveness, and assess overall patient well-being. This article provides a comprehensive overview of this critical area of medical assessment, exploring the significance, interpretation, and implications of abnormal findings of blood chemistry.

Types of Blood Chemistry Tests and Common Abnormal Findings

Blood chemistry panels typically assess a wide range of substances. A basic metabolic panel (BMP) commonly includes:

Glucose: Elevated glucose levels indicate potential diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance. Low glucose levels (hypoglycemia) can result from insulin overdose, malnutrition, or liver dysfunction. An abnormal finding of blood chemistry related to glucose is a strong indicator of metabolic disorders.

Electrolytes (Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Bicarbonate): Imbalances in these electrolytes can signify dehydration, kidney disease, heart failure, or endocrine disorders. For instance, hypokalemia (low potassium) can lead to muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias, while hypernatremia (high sodium) can cause dehydration and neurological symptoms. Any abnormal finding of blood chemistry concerning electrolytes demands careful evaluation.

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine: These markers reflect kidney function. Elevated levels suggest renal impairment or failure. An abnormal finding of blood chemistry related to BUN and creatinine often indicates kidney disease.

Calcium: Abnormal calcium levels can be indicative of parathyroid disorders, bone diseases, or kidney problems. An abnormal finding of blood chemistry concerning calcium frequently necessitates further investigation.

A comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) expands on the BMP by including:

Liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP): Elevated levels suggest liver damage or disease. An abnormal finding of blood chemistry indicating elevated liver enzymes often points to hepatitis, cirrhosis, or other liver pathologies.

Total protein and albumin: These proteins reflect nutritional status and liver function. Low levels may indicate malnutrition, liver disease, or kidney disease. An abnormal finding of blood chemistry related to these proteins may indicate various underlying issues.

Bilirubin: Elevated bilirubin indicates impaired liver function or bile duct obstruction, often leading to jaundice. An abnormal finding of blood chemistry in bilirubin levels warrants prompt investigation.

Beyond these basic panels, specialized tests assess lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides), hormones (thyroid hormones, cortisol), and other specific substances depending on the clinical suspicion. Each component has specific reference ranges, and an abnormal finding of blood chemistry outside these ranges requires careful interpretation within the context of a patient's medical history, physical examination, and other diagnostic tests.

Interpreting Abnormal Findings of Blood Chemistry: A Multifaceted Approach

Interpreting an abnormal finding of blood chemistry is not a simple process. It requires a thorough understanding of various factors:

Reference Ranges: These ranges vary slightly between laboratories, so it is crucial to consider the specific lab's reference values.

Patient Context: Age, gender, ethnicity, medications, and underlying health conditions significantly influence interpretation. An abnormal finding of blood chemistry that may be significant in one patient might be insignificant in another.

Clinical Presentation: A patient's symptoms, physical examination findings, and medical history are critical for contextualizing lab results.

Combined Results: Analyzing several blood chemistry values together provides a more comprehensive picture than examining individual results in isolation. Multiple abnormal findings of blood chemistry often indicate a more complex underlying condition.

Follow-up Testing: An abnormal finding of blood chemistry often necessitates further testing to confirm the diagnosis and determine the underlying cause. This might include imaging studies, specialized blood tests, or tissue biopsies.

The Significance of Abnormal Blood Chemistry Findings in Disease Detection and Management

The timely detection of abnormal findings of blood chemistry plays a vital role in several aspects of healthcare:

Early Disease Detection: Many diseases manifest with subtle changes in blood chemistry before other symptoms appear. Early detection through routine blood tests improves the prognosis and treatment outcomes significantly.

Disease Monitoring: Blood chemistry tests help monitor the progression of chronic diseases, assess treatment effectiveness, and adjust treatment strategies as needed. Tracking changes in abnormal findings of blood chemistry is critical to managing chronic diseases effectively.

Treatment Response: Blood chemistry tests provide valuable information on how a patient is responding to a specific treatment. Monitoring changes in abnormal findings of blood chemistry guides therapeutic decisions.

Risk Assessment: Certain blood chemistry values are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other conditions. Identifying these abnormal findings of blood chemistry enables proactive risk management strategies.

Conclusion

An abnormal finding of blood chemistry represents a valuable diagnostic tool, offering crucial insights into various bodily functions and systemic processes. Proper interpretation of these findings, in conjunction with other clinical data, is crucial for accurate diagnosis, effective disease management, and the improvement of patient outcomes. The complexity of interpreting these results underscores the importance of collaboration between healthcare professionals and the use of advanced diagnostic methodologies.

FAQs

1. What constitutes an "abnormal" blood chemistry result? An abnormal result is one that falls outside the established reference range provided by the specific laboratory that performed the test. These ranges vary slightly, so it is crucial to always refer to the lab report's specific values.

2. Can a single abnormal blood chemistry finding be significant? Sometimes, yes. For example, a significantly elevated glucose level could indicate diabetes. However, many times, multiple abnormal findings are needed to establish a diagnosis.

3. What if I have an abnormal blood chemistry result? Consult your physician. They will interpret the results in the context of your medical history and conduct any necessary follow-up testing.

4. Are there any risks associated with blood chemistry testing? Risks are minimal, primarily related to the venipuncture (needle stick) procedure, such as bruising or slight discomfort.

5. How often should I have my blood chemistry checked? The frequency depends on your age, health status, and risk factors. Your doctor can advise on an appropriate testing schedule.

6. Can diet and lifestyle affect my blood chemistry results? Yes, diet, exercise, and lifestyle choices can significantly impact blood chemistry levels.

7. Can medications influence blood chemistry results? Yes, many medications can affect blood chemistry values. This is an important factor to consider during interpretation.

8. What are some common causes of abnormal blood chemistry findings? Causes are diverse and range from dehydration and poor nutrition to chronic diseases such as diabetes, kidney disease, and liver disease.

9. How are abnormal blood chemistry findings treated? Treatment depends on the underlying cause. It may involve lifestyle modifications, medication, or specialized therapies.

1. Understanding Glucose Levels and Diabetes: This article delves into the complexities of blood glucose, interpreting abnormal levels, and managing diabetes.

2. Kidney Function Tests and Renal Disease: This article discusses the interpretation of BUN and creatinine levels, indicating kidney health and associated diseases.

3. Liver Function Tests and Liver Disease: This article explores the significance of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP) and bilirubin in diagnosing liver conditions.

4. Electrolyte Imbalances and Their Clinical Significance: This article details the role of electrolytes in bodily functions and the implications of imbalances.

5. Lipid Panel Interpretation and Cardiovascular Risk: This article focuses on cholesterol, triglycerides, and their implications for cardiovascular health.

6. Thyroid Function Tests and Thyroid Disorders: This article explains the interpretation of thyroid hormone levels and associated disorders.

7. Interpreting Blood Chemistry Results for Chronic Diseases: This article explores the role of blood chemistry in managing chronic conditions.

8. Blood Chemistry Testing in Pregnancy: This article discusses the unique aspects of blood chemistry tests during pregnancy.

9. The Impact of Dehydration on Blood Chemistry: This article explores how dehydration affects various blood chemistry parameters and how to manage it.

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abnormal finding of blood chemistry: Blood Results in Clinical Practice Dr Graham Basten, 2019-03-19 This book was originally written after feedback suggested that storytelling was very helpful to students and practitioners wanting to remember blood tests and their implications. Each section, where appropriate, therefore contains a ‘story’, as well as an overview of the relevant anatomy, physiology and biochemistry. This revised, updated edition continues to use storytelling to aid understanding, and introduces a unique 10-point system to help explain blood results. The use of storytelling has also been significantly improved and refined, following several years of feedback on the first edition. Less formal than a biochemistry textbook and containing more narrative than an online protocol, Blood Results in Clinical Practice provides an excellent, accessible introduction to blood tests and what they mean. It also enables advanced practitioners to reflect on and improve their practice; and includes new and updated sections of relevance to physiotherapists, paramedics, pharmacists and advanced nurse practitioners. Finally, it provides a resource for patients and their relatives who may be keen to know more about the meaning and function of particular blood tests.
abnormal finding of blood chemistry: Blood Chemistry and CBC Analysis Dicken Weatherby, Scott Ferguson, 2002
abnormal finding of blood chemistry: 2017 ICD-10-CM Physician Professional Edition - E-Book Carol J. Buck, 2016-11-03 Select diagnosis codes accurately with Carol J. Buck's 2017 ICD-10-CM for Physicians: Professional Edition. Designed by coders for coders, this full-color manual includes all the ICD-10 codes needed for today’s outpatient and physician office coding. As coders need extensive knowledge to code with ICD-10-CM — and to choose from the thousands of possible codes — this edition provides an essential background in A&P, pathology, and medical terminology, along with colorful Netter’s Anatomy illustrations and clear instructions for using the book. Together with the durable spiral binding, these features make professional diagnosis coding faster and easier. A companion website includes the latest coding news and updates! Convenient Guide to the Updates in the front of the book lists all new, revised, and deleted codes, providing at-a-glance lookup of the coding changes. Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting (OGCRs) are listed in full and also integrated within the code set, providing fast, easy access to coding rules. Unique! Full-color Netter’s Anatomy art is included in a separate section for easy reference and cross-referenced within the Tabular List of Diseases and Injuries, to help you understand anatomy and how it may affect choosing codes. Full-color design includes consistent color-coded symbols and text, providing easier access to codes and coding information. American Hospital Association's Coding Clinic® citations include official ICD-10-CM coding advice relating to specific codes and their usage. 175 full-color illustrations provide visual orientation and enhance understanding of specific coding situations. Items are included throughout the Tabular List to ensure accurate coding, providing additional information on common diseases and conditions. Additional elements within specific codes define terms and add coding instructions relating to difficult terminology, diseases and conditions, or coding in a specific category. Symbols and highlights draw attention to codes that may require special consideration before coding, including: New, Revised, and Deleted Codes that call for the use of additional character(s) Includes, Excludes 1 and Excludes 2 Use Additional Unspecified Code First and Code Also Placeholder X symbol reminds you to assign placeholder X for codes less than 6 characters that require a 7th character. Manifestation code identifies conditions for which it is important to record both the etiology and the symptom of the disease. Age and Sex edits from the Definition of Medicare Code Edits help to ensure accuracy by denoting codes that are used only with patients of a specific age or sex. Codingupdates.com companion website includes the latest changes to the ICD coding system.
abnormal finding of blood chemistry: Prescribing Psychotropics: From Drug Metabolism to Genetics: From Drug Interactions to Genetics Chris Aiken, Joshua D. Feder, Daniel J. Carlat, 2021-10 Prescribing Psychotropics bridges the gap between the complexities of drug pharmacokinetics and everyday clinical practice, providing clinicians more insight into how psychiatric drugs behave (or misbehave!) once their patients take them. The book also includes a series of unusually practical charts and tables that prescribers will find invaluable as they make medication decisions. What you'll find inside: The basics of drug metabolism What you really need to know about drug interactions Food and drink effects on medications Recreational drug interactions Gender and drug metabolism Drug metabolism and ethnicity More than 70 quick-reference tables, charts, and figures
abnormal finding of blood chemistry: United States Veterans' Bureau Medical Bulletin , 1930
ICD-10 Common Codes by Diagnosis - HNL
R79.9 Abnormal finding of blood chemistry, unspecified O99.810 Abnormal glucose complicating pregnancy ... R89.4 Abnormal immunologicadl finding in specimens from other organs, …

Chemistry ICD-10 Coding Most Commonly Used
R79.89 Other specified abnormal findings of blood chemistry Z00.00** Encounter for general adult medical examination without abnormal findings

ICD-10-CM CODES (commonly used) - Atlantic Diagnostic …
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ABIM Laboratory Test Reference Ranges January 2025
Carboxyhemoglobin, blood ˂5% Carcinoembryonic antigen, plasma ˂2.5 ng/mL Carotene, serum 75–300 μg/dL Catecholamines, plasma Dopamine ˂30 pg/mL Epinephrine Supine ˂50 pg/mL …

Lipid Testing - Quest Diagnostics
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The blood chemistry panel examines a number of different body systems. Abnormalities do not necessarily mean illness, some people with disease may have normal tests. The panel, …

Blood Chemistry & CBC Analysis - Functional Medicine …
Blood tests are used to assess numerous disorders and body processes. They are performed for the following reasons: • Assessment of nutritional status • Screening for disease (PSA) • To …

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Included in this packet are specific ICD-10 codes most commonly used by Aculabs clients. These codes were taken from the 2015 ICD-10 Manual issued by the American Medical Association. …

Common Diagnosis Code Reference Tool: Generic Listing
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Here are some tips to help understand any abnormal labs or imaging: What does a lab value mean? Labs are only useful when comparing them to a reference range. The reference range …

ICD-10-CM CODES (problematic tests) - Atlantic Diagnostic …
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Magnesium - Quest Diagnostics
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Included in this packet are specific ICD-10 codes most commonly used by Aculabs clients. These codes were taken from the 2015 ICD-10 Manual issued by the American Medical Association. …

Blood Glucose Testing - Quest Diagnostics
Many medical conditions may be a consequence of a sustained elevated or depressed glucose level, including comas, seizures or epilepsy, confusion, abnormal hunger, abnormal weight loss …

Serum Iron Studies - Kashi Clinical Laboratories
The following presentations are examples that may support the use of these studies for evaluating iron deficiency: ̈ Certain abnormal blood count values (i.e., decreased Mean Corpuscular …

Glycated Hemoglobin/Glycated Protein - Quest Diagnostics
Glycated hemoglobin in whole blood assesses glycemic control over a period of 4-8 weeks and appears to be the more appropriate test for monitoring a patient who is capable of maintaining …

te s ts ) - atlanticdiagnosticlaboratories.com
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Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia. In young children on a milk diet, iron deficiency is often secondary to dietary deficiency. In adults, iron deficiency is usually the result …

Serum Iron Studies - Quest Diagnostics
Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia. In young children on a milk diet, iron deficiency is often secondary to dietary deficiency. In adults, iron deficiency is usually the result …

Blood tests for acute pancreatitis - NPS MedicineWise
examination, abnormal laboratory investigations and radiological evidence of pancreatic inflammation. An elevation in the serum amylase or lipase is a key element in the diagnosis, …

Annual Preventive Exam Coding Guidelines - bcidaho.com
specific evaluation of a new finding or an existing problem. Preventive exams are a great opportunity to review and report all of a member’s health statuses and current conditions to …

Kidney Masses and Localized Kidney Tumors: A Patient Guide
blood chemistry • Complete Blood Count (CBC) to check for certain substances • Urinalysis to check for infection, blood and protein in urine • Kidney function tests to check how well the …

Blood Tests - South Mountain Equine
Blood Tests Your horse may have a blood sample taken for a number of reasons, including illness, monitoring response to treatment and general health or fitness checks. Blood can be …

Abnormal Blood Chemistry Data in Comparison with Those …
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ACG Clinical Guideline: Evaluation of Abnormal Liver …
1. Before initiation of evaluation of abnormal liver chemistries, one should repeat the lab panel and/or perform a clarifying test (e.g., GGT if serum alkaline phosphate is elevated) to conﬁrm …

SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS 1971 - Cambridge University …
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Evaluation and Interpretation of Abnormal Liver Chemistry in …
Liver Chemistry AbnormALities in AduLts – evALuAtion And interpretAtion Recommendation 2 Initial investigations If liver disease is suspected, but the cause is not apparent from the initial …

Normal Lab Values Chart - IM 2015 - American College of …
Blood, Plasma, and Serum Chemistry Studies Albumin, serum — 3.5-5.5 g/dL (35-55 g/L) Alkaline phosphatase, serum — 36-92 units/L α-Fetoprotein, serum — 0-20 ng/mL (0-20 µg/L) …

APPENDIX 1. Typical Disordered Eating …
Full Blood Count Neutrophils high with excessive exercise Leucopenia, anemia (check ferritin and B12), or thrombocytopenia ECG abnormal ﬁndings: • Bradycardia and/or arrhythmias • …

Abnormal Liver Blood Tests Clinical Guideline
Response to the finding of abnormal liver blood tests 2.3.1. Unexplained jaundice/suspicion of possible HBP malignancy should trigger a two week cancer referral (Jaundice HOTLINE or hot …

Laboratory Evaluation of Kidney Function - arup.utah.edu
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Understanding and Interpreting Serum Protein …
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Answering your questions about an abnormal FIT . An abnormal fecal immunochemical test (FIT) result means that blood was found in your stool sample. Abnormal results are common and do …

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Abnormalities of Blood Count - Duke University
Reduced numbers of blood cells (=cytopenia) Too many blood cells (=cytosis) Complex: one cell type ↓, other ↑ Qualitative Presence of immature cells Functionally abnormal cells Presence of …

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ChemBook - Mindray
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A chemistry panel (blood chem, chemistry screen), tests kidney function, liver function, electrolyte levels, etc. Blood chemistries are run on the fluid in the blood sample. (The CBC is the …

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Blood Chemistry Lab Tests There are several lab tests we find helpful for everyone to get as a baseline. Everyone would benefit from the following tests performed a s a baseline, then …

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UNDERSTANDING MULTIPLE MYELOMA AND LABORATORY …
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Evaluation and Interpretation of Abnormal Liver Chemistry in …
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The Complete Blood Count: A Practical Tool for the Pediatrician
tify patients earlier with underlying blood disorders, allowing for more timely treatment initiation or referral. The CBC is an extremely useful laboratory tool allowing measurement of red blood …

Holistic Blood Chemistry and Urinalysis Reference Manual
Topics of his classes include blood chemistry/pathology, functional endocrinology, inflammatory basis of disease, detoxification, autoimmune, diet, lifestyle, nutrition, methylation, functional …

Guideline for Reporting Laboratory Test Results - OAML
Sep 2, 2009 · When blood glucose analysis is requested simultaneously with urinalysis in a known adult diabetic (documented by previous diabetic glucose values or HbA1C measurements), the …

21 INTERPRETING PEDIATRIC LABORATORY DATA - ASHP
blood and urine samples. The smaller blood volume in these patients requires blood samples to be smaller; thus, special microanalytical techniques must be used. Addi - tionally, in the …

Horse Owner’s Veterinary Handbook, Third Edition Appendix B B
Blood Chemistry Panel A blood chemistry panel evaluates the enzymes that are important to many ... Abnormal matter found in the urine may include acetone, albumin, bile, blood, …

How to interpret your dog’s bloodwork - Forever Dog
•Complete blood count (CBC) — The CBC is the mostcommon blood test performed on pets and people. A CBC gives information on hydration status, anemia, infection, the blood's clotting …

ABIM Laboratory Test Reference Ranges January 2025
Carboxyhemoglobin, blood ˂5% Carcinoembryonic antigen, plasma ˂2.5 ng/mL Carotene, serum 75–300 μg/dL Catecholamines, plasma Dopamine ˂30 pg/mL Epinephrine Supine ˂50 pg/mL …

Laboratory Values in Normal Pregnancy - Wiley Online Library
Table B-3 Blood chemistry, 596 Table B-4 Endocrine and metabolic values, 597 Table B-5 Vitamins and minerals, 598 Table B-6 Autoimmune and inflammatory mediators, 598 Table B …

Basic Hematology
• Anticoagulated whole blood (4 parts whole blood: 1 part Na Citrate) is placed in a narrow-bore glass tube tube . Erythocytes are allowed to sediment at ... La Jolla, CA, April, 2013, …

What does other specified abnormal immunological findings …
What does other specified abnormal immunological findings in serum mean Other and unspecified nonspecific immunological findings2015Billable Thru Sept 30/2015Non-Billable On/After Oct …

Platelet Morphology and Ultrastructure - Springer
blood loss in response to injury of a blood vessel. When platelets encounter breaches in the vascular wall, they rapidlyadhere to thesite of injury and aggregateto form aplatelet plug. …

TX_1~ABS:AT/TX_2~ABS:AT - ResearchGate
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, ... changes in dermal blood vessels. On a molecular level, ... This was the only abnormal finding and

Troubleshooting Erroneous Potassiums in a Clinical …
draws, transfer of blood into evacuated tubes • Hemolysis • Good attention to correct technique5 • Use of partial draw tubes to minimize turbulence • Use BD Vacutainer® Blood Transfer Device …

Differences with Greyhound's Blood Work - The Villages …
Differences with Greyhound's Blood Work Greyhound blood work has enough differences from "other dog" blood work to sometimes make it deceivingly "normal" or "abnormal" if one isn't …

TESTS AND INVESTIGATIONS FOR MULTIPLE MYELOMA
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Approach to the Patient with Abnormal Liver Chemistry …
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Clinical Laboratory Parameters for Crl:WI(Han) Rats
All blood was collected from the abdominal aorta. Hematology and clotting evaluations were performed with the aid of a Bayer ADVIA 120 analyzer and ACL-Advance instrument while a …

Academy of Acute Care Physical Therapy – APTA Task …
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THE ABNORMAL OUTPATIENT CHEMISTRY PANEL SERUM …
abnormal finding and (3) resulting new diagnoses. Estimates of health and cost-effective- ... The computer printouts of all blood work done in the clinical chemistry laboratory at University …

Appendix 2: Interpretation of urine testing results reported …
Finding Positive result indicates1,2 Urine Dipstick Specific Gravity Indicates relative hydration/dehydration. pH Alkaline urine suggests presence of urea-splitting organism. …

Biochemical Changes in Pregnancy-What Should A Clinician …
The vasodilation of the renal blood vasculature is also increases blood flow through the kidneys [13] and results in up to 50% increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) [2,3,13,16]. In normal …

Biochemical investigations in clinical medicine - Elsevier
chemistry laboratory is to provide biochemical informa-tion for the management of patients. Such information will be of value only if it is accurate and relevant, and ... blood); individual …

Blood Cells Morphology And Clinical Relevance Copy
Blood Cells Morphology And Clinical Relevance Blood Cell Morphology: A Comprehensive Guide to Clinical Relevance Meta Understand the crucial role of blood cell morphology in diagnosis. …

Pediatric Self-Assessment Program - ACCP
Bilirubin, total Cord blood < 2 mg/dL Premature < 6 days < 16 mg/dL Full-term < 6 days < 12 mg/dL 1 month– < 12 months < 2 mg/dL 1–19 years < 1.5 mg/dL Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) …