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Access to Higher Education for Low-Income Students: Bridging the Opportunity Gap and Transforming Industries
By Dr. Evelyn Reed, PhD
Dr. Evelyn Reed is a Professor of Economics at the University of California, Berkeley, specializing in the socio-economic impact of education policy. She has authored numerous publications on higher education access and affordability, and served as a consultant to several government agencies on improving educational opportunities for disadvantaged students.
Published by: The Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management (JHPM) – A leading peer-reviewed journal dedicated to publishing cutting-edge research and analysis on higher education policy and its impact on societal outcomes. JHPM is renowned for its rigorous editorial process and commitment to impactful scholarship.
Editor: Dr. Anya Sharma – Dr. Sharma has over 15 years of experience editing scholarly publications in the field of education policy, with a particular focus on equity and access. She holds a PhD in Educational Leadership and Policy Studies.
Abstract: This article explores the critical issue of access to higher education for low-income students, analyzing its multifaceted challenges and highlighting the far-reaching implications for various industries. We examine the economic, social, and technological factors hindering equitable access and discuss potential solutions, including policy interventions, institutional reforms, and innovative financing models. The article emphasizes the significant return on investment for society in ensuring broader access and the vital role of higher education in fostering a more inclusive and prosperous future.
Keywords: access to higher education for low-income students, higher education affordability, educational equity, socioeconomic disparities, college access programs, financial aid, scholarship opportunities, economic mobility, social mobility, industry impact.
1. The Widening Gap: Understanding the Challenges of Access to Higher Education for Low-Income Students
The issue of access to higher education for low-income students is not simply a matter of individual opportunity; it’s a systemic problem with profound implications for economic growth, social justice, and the future of numerous industries. For many low-income students, the cost of tuition, fees, housing, and living expenses creates an insurmountable barrier. This financial hurdle is often exacerbated by other factors, including:
Limited access to quality K-12 education: Students from low-income backgrounds frequently attend under-resourced schools with fewer opportunities for advanced coursework, college preparation, and guidance counseling. This lack of preparation significantly reduces their chances of admission to selective colleges and universities.
Lack of awareness and information: Many low-income students and their families are unaware of the various financial aid options, scholarship opportunities, and college application processes available. This lack of information contributes to lower application rates and fewer successful college enrollments.
Geographic barriers: Access to higher education is often limited by geographic location. Students in rural areas or underserved urban communities may lack convenient access to colleges and universities, or face significant transportation costs.
2. The Economic Implications: A Missed Opportunity for Growth
The limited access to higher education for low-income students represents a significant loss of human capital and a missed opportunity for economic growth. A highly skilled and educated workforce is crucial for innovation, productivity, and competitiveness in the global marketplace. When talented individuals from low-income backgrounds are unable to pursue higher education, the entire economy suffers. This results in:
Reduced economic mobility: Higher education is a key driver of social and economic mobility. Restricting access disproportionately impacts low-income individuals, perpetuating cycles of poverty and inequality.
Skill gaps in the workforce: Many industries face critical skill shortages, particularly in STEM fields. Expanding access to higher education for low-income students is essential to fill these gaps and ensure a robust and competitive workforce.
Lower national productivity: A less educated workforce translates to lower overall national productivity and a decreased capacity for economic growth.
3. Social Implications: Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion
Beyond the economic ramifications, the lack of access to higher education for low-income students has profound social implications. It contributes to:
Increased social inequality: Unequal access to higher education exacerbates existing social inequalities and reinforces societal divides.
Limited social mobility: Higher education provides opportunities for individuals to improve their social standing and contribute to their communities. Restricting access limits social mobility and reinforces societal stratification.
Reduced social cohesion: A society with limited educational equity is likely to experience decreased social cohesion and increased social unrest.
4. Industry-Specific Impacts: The Need for Diverse Talent Pools
Various industries are directly impacted by the limited access to higher education for low-income students. For example, the technology sector, healthcare industry, and education itself all rely on a diverse and highly skilled workforce. Without a concerted effort to increase access for low-income students, these industries will continue to face challenges in attracting and retaining talent.
5. Potential Solutions: A Multifaceted Approach
Addressing the issue of access to higher education for low-income students requires a multifaceted approach encompassing:
Increased financial aid: Expanding access to need-based financial aid, grants, and scholarships is crucial. This includes simplifying the financial aid application process and increasing funding for existing programs.
Targeted support programs: Implementing targeted support programs, such as early college high schools, dual enrollment initiatives, and mentorship programs, can help prepare low-income students for college success.
Institutional reforms: Colleges and universities need to actively recruit and support low-income students through inclusive admissions policies, affordable housing options, and robust support services.
Innovative financing models: Exploring innovative financing models, such as income-share agreements and tuition-free college programs, can help make higher education more accessible.
6. The Role of Technology: Expanding Reach and Access
Technology plays a vital role in expanding access to higher education for low-income students. Online learning platforms, virtual tutoring services, and digital resources can overcome geographic barriers and provide flexible learning opportunities.
7. Measuring Success: Tracking Outcomes and Impact
Measuring the success of initiatives aimed at increasing access to higher education for low-income students requires careful tracking of key metrics, such as college enrollment rates, graduation rates, and post-graduation employment outcomes.
8. Collaboration and Partnerships: A Shared Responsibility
Addressing the complex challenge of access to higher education for low-income students requires collaboration and partnerships between government agencies, educational institutions, non-profit organizations, and the private sector.
Conclusion
Access to higher education for low-income students is not merely an educational issue; it is a societal imperative. Addressing this challenge requires a sustained and comprehensive effort involving diverse stakeholders. By investing in policies and programs that promote equity and opportunity, we can unlock the potential of talented individuals from all backgrounds, foster a more inclusive and prosperous society, and equip industries with the skilled workforce they need to thrive in a globally competitive landscape.
FAQs
1. What is the biggest barrier to higher education for low-income students? The biggest barrier is often the cost of tuition, fees, and living expenses.
2. What types of financial aid are available? Financial aid options include grants, scholarships, loans, and work-study programs.
3. How can I find scholarships for low-income students? Numerous websites and organizations offer scholarship search tools.
4. What role do colleges and universities play in increasing access? Colleges and universities can increase access through need-blind admissions, increased financial aid, and robust support services.
5. What is the impact of limited access on the economy? Limited access leads to a less skilled workforce, reduced economic mobility, and slower economic growth.
6. How can technology help improve access? Technology can expand access through online learning, virtual tutoring, and digital resources.
7. What are some successful programs that increase access? Successful programs include early college high schools, dual enrollment initiatives, and mentorship programs.
8. What is the role of government in expanding access? The government can increase funding for financial aid, implement targeted support programs, and create policies that promote equity.
9. How can I get involved in improving access to higher education? You can volunteer with organizations that support low-income students, donate to scholarship funds, or advocate for policies that promote equity.
Related Articles:
1. "The Impact of Pell Grants on College Access and Completion for Low-Income Students": This article examines the effectiveness of Pell Grants in increasing college access and completion rates for low-income students.
2. "The Role of Community Colleges in Expanding Access to Higher Education for Low-Income Students": This article explores the critical role of community colleges in providing affordable and accessible education to low-income students.
3. "The Effectiveness of Early College High Schools in Preparing Low-Income Students for College": This article analyzes the impact of early college high schools on college readiness and success for low-income students.
4. "Addressing the Achievement Gap: Strategies for Improving K-12 Education for Low-Income Students": This article discusses strategies for improving K-12 education to better prepare low-income students for college.
5. "The Importance of Mentorship Programs in Supporting Low-Income Students' College Success": This article highlights the value of mentorship in helping low-income students navigate the challenges of higher education.
6. "Innovative Financing Models for Higher Education: Exploring Income-Share Agreements and Tuition-Free Colleges": This article examines innovative financing models that aim to make college more affordable.
7. "The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on College Choice and Outcomes for Low-Income Students": This article explores the influence of socioeconomic status on college choices and student success.
8. "The Role of Institutional Support Services in Promoting Student Success for Low-Income Students": This article examines the impact of various support services in improving retention and graduation rates.
9. "Addressing Systemic Barriers to Higher Education: Policy Recommendations for Increasing Access and Equity": This article offers policy recommendations for improving access to higher education for low-income students.
Access to Higher Education for Low-Income Students: Breaking Down Barriers and Building Bridges
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, PhD, Professor of Sociology and Education Policy, University of California, Berkeley. (Note: This author and credentials are fictional for this example.)
Publisher: The Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI), a leading UK-based think tank specializing in research and policy analysis on higher education access and equity. (Note: HEPI is a real organization, but its involvement here is fictional for this example.)
Editor: Dr. Michael Jones, PhD, Director of Research, HEPI. (Note: This editor and credentials are fictional for this example.)
Keyword: access to higher education for low-income students
Introduction:
Access to higher education for low-income students remains a critical societal challenge, hindering social mobility and perpetuating economic inequality. This comprehensive overview explores the multifaceted barriers confronting low-income students' pursuit of higher education, examining the complex interplay of financial, social, and academic factors. We will delve into existing initiatives aimed at improving access, critically evaluating their effectiveness and identifying areas requiring further attention. Ultimately, this analysis aims to illuminate pathways towards creating a more equitable and inclusive higher education system where socioeconomic background does not determine educational opportunity. This discussion focuses on the multifaceted issue of access to higher education for low-income students.
H1: Financial Barriers: The Crushing Weight of Cost
The prohibitive cost of higher education represents the most significant obstacle for low-income students seeking access to higher education. Tuition fees, accommodation, textbooks, and living expenses create a substantial financial burden, often forcing potential students to forgo higher education entirely or take on crippling levels of debt. The lack of adequate financial aid, particularly grants and scholarships targeted at low-income students, exacerbates this issue. Many existing financial aid programs are complex and difficult to navigate, further disadvantaging students who may lack the resources or support to understand the application process. Access to higher education for low-income students is significantly compromised by these financial hurdles.
H2: Social and Cultural Barriers: Navigating a System Designed for the Privileged
Beyond financial constraints, access to higher education for low-income students is hampered by social and cultural barriers. Students from low-income backgrounds often lack access to the same educational resources and opportunities as their more affluent peers. This includes limited access to quality K-12 education, resulting in inadequate preparation for college-level coursework. Furthermore, the cultural capital and social networks that facilitate successful navigation of the higher education system are often absent in low-income communities. The lack of mentorship, guidance, and role models further compounds the challenge. The implicit biases within higher education institutions themselves can also create a hostile environment for students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Access to higher education for low-income students necessitates a system-wide understanding of these subtle yet powerful social and cultural forces.
H3: Academic Barriers: Overcoming Educational Disparities
Academic preparedness is a critical factor in college success. Students from low-income families often face significant academic disadvantages, including limited access to resources such as tutoring, advanced coursework, and technology. These disparities in academic preparation can lead to lower college readiness and increased risk of academic failure. Addressing these academic disparities is crucial for improving access to higher education for low-income students.
H4: Existing Initiatives and their Effectiveness:
Various initiatives aim to improve access to higher education for low-income students. These include Pell Grants, federal student loans, state-based tuition assistance programs, and institutional scholarships. However, the effectiveness of these programs varies widely. Many programs suffer from inadequate funding, complex application processes, or insufficient outreach to low-income communities. Furthermore, the focus on loan-based aid often leaves students with overwhelming debt, undermining the long-term benefits of higher education. A more holistic approach is necessary, focusing on grant-based aid, improved financial literacy programs, and targeted support services.
H5: Strategies for Expanding Access:
Improving access to higher education for low-income students requires a multi-pronged approach addressing financial, social, and academic barriers. This includes increasing funding for need-based financial aid, simplifying the financial aid application process, expanding outreach programs to underserved communities, investing in high-quality K-12 education, implementing comprehensive support services, and promoting culturally responsive pedagogy within higher education institutions.
Conclusion:
Ensuring equitable access to higher education for low-income students is paramount for promoting social mobility, reducing economic inequality, and strengthening the social fabric. Addressing the multifaceted barriers to access requires a concerted effort from policymakers, higher education institutions, community organizations, and individuals. By investing in comprehensive strategies that tackle financial constraints, social inequities, and academic disparities, we can create a more just and equitable higher education system that provides opportunities for all, regardless of socioeconomic background. The path to achieving true equity in access to higher education for low-income students requires sustained commitment and innovative solutions.
FAQs:
1. What are Pell Grants? Pell Grants are federal grants awarded to undergraduate students who demonstrate exceptional financial need.
2. How can I find scholarships for low-income students? Many websites and organizations specialize in compiling scholarship opportunities for low-income students.
3. What support services are available for low-income college students? Many colleges and universities offer support services such as tutoring, academic advising, and mental health counseling.
4. What is the role of community colleges in increasing access to higher education? Community colleges play a vital role by offering affordable education and pathways to four-year institutions.
5. How does student debt impact low-income students after graduation? Student debt can significantly hinder post-graduation opportunities, such as homeownership and starting a family.
6. What is the impact of affirmative action on access for low-income students? Affirmative action policies can increase access for underrepresented groups, including low-income students.
7. How can parents support their children's access to higher education? Parents can help by encouraging education, helping with college applications, and seeking out financial aid opportunities.
8. What are the long-term economic benefits of increased access to higher education? Increased access can lead to a more skilled workforce, higher economic growth, and reduced income inequality.
9. What role do mentoring programs play in supporting low-income students? Mentoring programs provide crucial guidance and support, helping students navigate the challenges of higher education.
Related Articles:
1. "The Impact of Pell Grants on College Enrollment and Graduation Rates Among Low-Income Students": Examines the effectiveness of Pell Grants in improving access and outcomes.
2. "Overcoming the Achievement Gap: Strategies for Improving K-12 Education for Low-Income Students": Focuses on improving pre-college preparation.
3. "The Role of Community Colleges in Expanding Access to Higher Education for Low-Income Students": Explores the importance of community colleges as pathways to higher education.
4. "Financial Literacy Programs and their Impact on College Affordability for Low-Income Students": Examines the effectiveness of financial literacy programs in assisting students with financial planning.
5. "The Social and Cultural Barriers Faced by Low-Income Students in Higher Education": A deeper dive into the social and cultural challenges faced by students.
6. "Mentorship Programs and their Impact on College Persistence Among Low-Income Students": Explores the benefits of mentoring programs.
7. "The Effectiveness of Institutional Scholarships in Improving Access to Higher Education for Low-Income Students": Analyzes the role of institutional financial aid.
8. "The Long-Term Economic Consequences of Student Debt for Low-Income Graduates": Examines the long-term financial effects of high student loan debt.
9. "Culturally Responsive Pedagogy and its Impact on the Academic Success of Low-Income Students": Focuses on teaching methods designed to support diverse student populations.
(Note: All article titles and descriptions above are for illustrative purposes only. Actual articles would need to be researched and cited appropriately.)
| access to higher education for low income students: Higher education Great Britain: Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, 2011-06-28 This White Paper sets out the government's policies for the reform of higher education. The reforms seek to tackle three challenges (i) Putting higher education on a sustainable footing; (ii) Seeking to deliver a better student experience - that is, improvements in teaching, assessment, feedback and preparing the student for the world of work; (iii) Pushing for higher education institutions to take more responsibility for increasing social mobility. The Paper is divided into six chapters, with an annex. Chapter 1: Sustainable and fair funding; Chapter 2: Well-informed students driving teaching excellence; Chapter 3: A better student experience and better-qualified graduates; Chapter 4: A diverse and responsive sector; Chapter 5: Improved social mobility through fairer access; Chapter 6: A new, fit-for-purpose regulatory framework. By shifting public spending away from teaching grants and towards repayable tuition loans, the government believes higher education will receive the funding it needs whilst making savings on public expenditure. The reforms aim to deliver a more responsive higher education sector in which funding follows the decisions of learners and successful institutions are freed to thrive. Also, creating an environment in which there is a new focus on the student experience and the quality of teaching and in which further education colleges and other alternative providers are encouraged to offer a diverse range of higher education provision. The Government, through the Office for Fair Access (OFFA), will be introducing a National Scholarship Programme and will also increase maintenance grants and loans for nearly all students. New Technology Innovation Centres will also be rolled out followed by publication of an innovation and research strategy, exploring the roles of knowledge creation, business investment, skills and training. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Low-Income Students and the Perpetuation of Inequality Gary A. Berg, 2016-05-13 Drawing upon quantitative data gathered from the U.S. Census and U.S. Department of Education, as well as interviews with students from a variety of socio-economic and ethnic backgrounds, Low-Income Students and the Perpetuation of Inequality examines the question of who really benefits from public higher education. It engages with questions of social capital, opportunity, funding and access to education, presenting a rich discussion of social mobility, the value of college education and the impact of education upon the redistribution of income. A thorough exploration of the real impact of college on American society, this volume will appeal to social scientists with interests in education, social capital, social stratification, class and social mobility. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Social Class and Higher Education Helen Connor, Sara Dewson, Claire Tyers, 2001 |
| access to higher education for low income students: The Privileged Poor Anthony Abraham Jack, 2019-03-01 An NPR Favorite Book of the Year “Breaks new ground on social and educational questions of great import.” —Washington Post “An essential work, humane and candid, that challenges and expands our understanding of the lives of contemporary college students.” —Paul Tough, author of Helping Children Succeed “Eye-opening...Brings home the pain and reality of on-campus poverty and puts the blame squarely on elite institutions.” —Washington Post “Jack’s investigation redirects attention from the matter of access to the matter of inclusion...His book challenges universities to support the diversity they indulge in advertising.” —New Yorker The Ivy League looks different than it used to. College presidents and deans of admission have opened their doors—and their coffers—to support a more diverse student body. But is it enough just to admit these students? In this bracing exposé, Anthony Jack shows that many students’ struggles continue long after they’ve settled in their dorms. Admission, they quickly learn, is not the same as acceptance. This powerfully argued book documents how university policies and campus culture can exacerbate preexisting inequalities and reveals why some students are harder hit than others. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Cost-sharing and Accessibility in Higher Education: A Fairer Deal? Pedro N. Teixeira, D. Bruce Johnstone, Maria J. Rosa, Hans Vossensteyn, 2007-11-23 The demand and the costs for higher education have risen steeply in recent years. The most common response worldwide has been some form of cost sharing: shifting per-student costs from governments and taxpayers to parents and students. This timely book provides a comprehensive discussion of the concepts and consequences of cost-sharing in higher education. It offers a comparative approach based on several national case-studies, and proposes alternatives to prevalent approaches. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Economic Inequality and Higher Education Stacy Dickert-Conlin, Ross Rubenstien, 2007-06-21 The vast disparities in college attendance and graduation rates between students from different class backgrounds is a growing social concern. Economic Inequality and Higher Education investigates the connection between income inequality and unequal access to higher education, and proposes solutions that the state and federal governments and schools themselves can undertake to make college accessible to students from all backgrounds. Economic Inequality and Higher Education convenes experts from the fields of education, economics, and public policy to assess the barriers that prevent low-income students from completing college. For many students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds, the challenge isn't getting into college, but getting out with a degree. Helping this group will require improving the quality of education in the community colleges and lower-tier public universities they are most likely to attend. Documenting the extensive disjuncture between the content of state-mandated high school testing and college placement exams, Michael Kirst calls for greater alignment between K-12 and college education. Amanda Pallais and Sarah Turner examine barriers to access at elite universities for low-income students—including tuition costs, lack of information, and poor high school records—as well as recent initiatives to increase socioeconomic diversity at private and public universities. Top private universities have increased the level and transparency of financial aid, while elite public universities have focused on outreach, mentoring, and counseling, and both sets of reforms show signs of success. Ron Ehrenberg notes that financial aid policies in both public and private universities have recently shifted towards merit-based aid, away from the need-based aid that is most helpful to low-income students. Ehrenberg calls on government policy makers to create incentives for colleges to increase their representation of low-income students. Higher education is often vaunted as the primary engine of upward mobility. Instead, as inequality in America rises, colleges may be reproducing income disparities from one generation to the next. Economic Inequality and Higher Education illuminates this worrisome trend and suggests reforms that educational institutions and the government must implement to make the dream of a college degree a reality for all motivated students. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Recognizing and Serving Low-Income Students in Higher Education Adrianna Kezar, 2010-09-13 Written for administrators, faculty, and staff in Higher Education who are working with low income and first-generation college students, Recognizing and Serving Low-Income Students in Higher Education uncovers organizational biases that prevent post-secondary institutions from adequately serving these students. This volume offers practical guidance for adopting new or revised policies and practices that have the potential to help these students thrive. This contributed volume is based on empirical studies that specifically examine the policies and practices of postsecondary institutions in the United States, England, and Canada. The contributing authors argue that discussions of diversity will be enriched by a better understanding of how institutional policies and practices affect low-income students. Unlike most studies on this topic, this volume focuses on institutional rather than federal, state and public policy. Institutional policies and practices have been largely ignored and this volume lifts the veil on processes that have remained hidden. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Low-Income Students, Human Development and Higher Education in South Africa Melanie Walker, Monica McLean, Mikateko Mathebula, 2022-07-15 This book explores learning outcomes for low-income rural and township youth at five South African universities. The book is framed as a contribution to southern and Africa-centred scholarship, adapting Amartya Sen's capability approach and a framework of key concepts: capabilities, functionings, context, conversion factors, poverty and agency to investigate opportunities and obstacles to achieved student outcomes. This approach allows a reimagining of 'inclusive learning outcomes' to encompass the multi-dimensional value of a university education and a plurality of valued cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes for students from low-income backgrounds whose experiences are strongly shaped by hardship. Based on capability theorising and student voices, the book proposes for policy and practice a set of contextual higher education capability domains and corresponding functionings orientated to more justice and more equality for each person to have the opportunities to be and to do what they have reason to value. The book concludes that sufficient material resources are necessary to get into university and flourish while there; the benefits of a university education should be rich and multi-dimensional so that they can result in functionings in all areas of life as well as work and future study; the inequalities and exclusion of the labour market and pathways to further study must be addressed by wider economic and social policies for 'inclusive learning outcomes' to be meaningful; and that universities ought to be doing more to enable black working-class students to participate and succeed. Low-Income Students, Human Development and Higher Education in South Africa makes an original contribution to capabilitarian scholarship: conceptually in theorising a South-based multi-dimensional student well-being higher education matrix and a rich reconceptualisation of learning outcomes, as well as empirically by conducting rigorous, longitudinal in-depth mixed-methods research on students' lives and experiences in higher education in South Africa. The audience for the book includes higher education researchers, international capabilitarian scholars, practitioners and policy-makers. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Unleashing aspiration Great Britain: Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, 2010-01-18 The Government's response is to back the majority of the Panel's conclusions and work on their recommendations has already begun. The report stated that elitism in the professions and a lack of focus on careers in schools mean that bright young people from middle class as well as lower income backgrounds are being shut out from professional jobs. The Panel chaired by Alan Milburn MP, concluded that without action to address Britain's closed shop mentality, tomorrow's generation of talented young people will miss out on a new wave of social mobility. There were over 80 recommendations in the final report with social mobility to be the top social policy priority. This response includes plans to raise aspirations by focusing on four factors that impact on people's life chances: the care and development of children in their early years, the quality of our schools, continued and high quality education and training post 16 and the skills our workforce. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Diversity in American Higher Education Lisa M. Stulberg, Sharon Lawner Weinberg, 2012-05-23 Diversity has been a focus of higher education policy, law, and scholarship for decades, continually expanding to include not only race, ethnicity and gender, but also socioeconomic status, sexual and political orientation, and more. However, existing collections still tend to focus on a narrow definition of diversity in education, or in relation to singular topics like access to higher education, financial aid, and affirmative action. By contrast, Diversity in American Higher Education captures in one volume the wide range of critical issues that comprise the current discourse on diversity on the college campus in its broadest sense. This edited collection explores: legal perspectives on diversity and affirmative action higher education's relationship to the deeper roots of K-12 equity and access policy, politics, and practice's effects on students, faculty, and staff. Bringing together the leading experts on diversity in higher education scholarship, Diversity in American Higher Education redefines the agenda for diversity as we know it today. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Crossing the Finish Line William G. Bowen, Matthew M. Chingos, Michael McPherson, 2009-09-08 Why so many of America's public university students are not graduating—and what to do about it The United States has long been a model for accessible, affordable education, as exemplified by the country's public universities. And yet less than 60 percent of the students entering American universities today are graduating. Why is this happening, and what can be done? Crossing the Finish Line provides the most detailed exploration ever of college completion at America's public universities. This groundbreaking book sheds light on such serious issues as dropout rates linked to race, gender, and socioeconomic status. Probing graduation rates at twenty-one flagship public universities and four statewide systems of public higher education, the authors focus on the progress of students in the entering class of 1999—from entry to graduation, transfer, or withdrawal. They examine the effects of parental education, family income, race and gender, high school grades, test scores, financial aid, and characteristics of universities attended (especially their selectivity). The conclusions are compelling: minority students and students from poor families have markedly lower graduation rates—and take longer to earn degrees—even when other variables are taken into account. Noting the strong performance of transfer students and the effects of financial constraints on student retention, the authors call for improved transfer and financial aid policies, and suggest ways of improving the sorting processes that match students to institutions. An outstanding combination of evidence and analysis, Crossing the Finish Line should be read by everyone who cares about the nation's higher education system. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Engineering, National Academy of Sciences, Policy and Global Affairs, Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy, Committee on Underrepresented Groups and the Expansion of the Science and Engineering Workforce Pipeline, 2011-07-29 In order for the United States to maintain the global leadership and competitiveness in science and technology that are critical to achieving national goals, we must invest in research, encourage innovation, and grow a strong and talented science and technology workforce. Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation explores the role of diversity in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) workforce and its value in keeping America innovative and competitive. According to the book, the U.S. labor market is projected to grow faster in science and engineering than in any other sector in the coming years, making minority participation in STEM education at all levels a national priority. Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation analyzes the rate of change and the challenges the nation currently faces in developing a strong and diverse workforce. Although minorities are the fastest growing segment of the population, they are underrepresented in the fields of science and engineering. Historically, there has been a strong connection between increasing educational attainment in the United States and the growth in and global leadership of the economy. Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation suggests that the federal government, industry, and post-secondary institutions work collaboratively with K-12 schools and school systems to increase minority access to and demand for post-secondary STEM education and technical training. The book also identifies best practices and offers a comprehensive road map for increasing involvement of underrepresented minorities and improving the quality of their education. It offers recommendations that focus on academic and social support, institutional roles, teacher preparation, affordability and program development. |
| access to higher education for low income students: America's Untapped Resource Richard D. Kahlenberg, 2004 With access to higher education more important than ever, low-income students of all racial and ethnic groups continue to lag in participation. What can be done to ensure that more low-income students have adequate financial aid to attend college? That disadvantaged students are academically prepared for college and can persist to graduation? That selective universities are open to students of all economic backgrounds? As Congress prepares to reauthorize the Higher Education Act, a group of widely respected scholars proposes a number of provocative ideas in this volume. Chapters include Low-Income Students and the Affordability of Higher Education, by Lawrence Gladieux, a former official with the College Board; Improving the Academic Preparation and Performance of Low-Income Students in Higher Education, by P. Michael Timpane of the Aspen Institute and Arthur M. Hauptman, a higher education consultant; and Socioeconomic Status, Race/Ethnicity and Selective College Admissions, by Anthony P. Carnevale of the Educational Testing Service and Stephen J. Rose of ORC Macro International. The volume also includes an appendix, Pell Grant Recipients in Selective Colleges and Universities, by Donald Heller of Pennsylvania State University. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Higher Education, Higher Cost and Higher Debt United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, 2008 |
| access to higher education for low income students: Paying for a College Education United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness, 2007 |
| access to higher education for low income students: Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2002 United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies, 2001 |
| access to higher education for low income students: Hearings on the Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, 1984 |
| access to higher education for low income students: Higher Education Labour Market Relevance and Outcomes of Higher Education in Four US States Ohio, Texas, Virginia and Washington OECD, 2020-07-08 This report, which focuses on four US states – Ohio, Texas, Virginia and Washington – is the third of a series of country-specific reviews conducted as part of the OECD project on the labour market relevance and outcomes of higher education. he report offers a comprehensive review of graduate outcomes and policies supporting alignment between higher education and the labour market in the four participating states in 2018-19, an overview of the US labour market and higher education context, and a range of policy examples from across OECD jurisdictions to help improve the alignment of higher education and the labour market. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Unequal Higher Education Barrett J. Taylor, Brendan Cantwell, 2019-05-03 Unequal Higher Education identifies and explains the sources of stratification that differentiate colleges and universities in the U.S. Taylor and Cantwell map the contours of this system, identifying which higher education institutions occupy which status positions at any given point in time, and explain the factors that support and extend this system of unequal higher education. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Financing Access and Equity in Higher Education , 2019-02-11 The demand for higher education worldwide is booming. Governments want well-educated citizens and knowledge workers but are scrambling for funds. The capacity of the public sector to provide increased and equitable access to higher education is seriously challenged. What are the on-the-ground realities of developing financial resources and policies to meet the twin goals of equity and access without jeopardizing quality? This volume provides in-depth reports from selected countries and sub-regions: Morocco, Korea, England, Uganda, Poland, Oman, East and southern Africa, Southeast Asia, Brazil, and Egypt. Each chapter is written by a seasoned educator participating in the Fulbright New Century Scholar program for 2007-2008. Given the near-universal constraints of declining resources but increasing enrollments, the authors identify common trends such as the public/private divide, the privatization of the public sector, and diversification of funding. To address these issues, the chapters examine a surprising variety of policy instruments such as means testing, targeted subsidies, cost sharing, institutional aid, student bursaries, and tax exemptions. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Miseducation Diane Reay, 2017-10-11 In this book Diane Reay, herself working-class-turned-Cambridge-professor, presents a 21st-century view of education and the working classes. Drawing on over 500 interviews, the book includes vivid stories from working-class children and young people. It looks at class identity, and the effects of wider economic and social class relationships on working-class educational experiences. The book reveals how we have ended up with an educational system that still educates the different social classes in fundamentally different ways and, vitally, what we can do to achieve a fairer system. Book jacket. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Educational Research and Innovation Higher Education to 2030, Volume 1, Demography OECD, 2008-11-18 Drawing on trend data and projections, this book takes an in-depth look at how demographic changes will affect higher education to 2030. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Chinese Higher Education Reform and Social Justice Bin Wu, W. John Morgan, 2015-06-26 In place of a distributive justice perspective which focuses simply on equal access to universities, this book presents a broader understanding of the relationship between Chinese higher education and economic and social change. The necessity for research on the place of universities in contemporary Chinese society may be seen from current debates about and policy towards issues of educational inequality at Chinese universities. Many questions arise as a consequence: What are the limitations of neo-liberalism in higher education policy and what are the alternatives? How has the Chinese government met the challenges of educational inequality, and what lessons may be learned from its recent initiatives? How may higher education enhance social justice in Chinese society given economic, social, and cultural inequality? What may be learned from the experience of Macau, Hong Kong, and of Taiwan in terms of achieving social justice in Chinese universities? These questions are considered by a group of leading scholars from both inside and outside China. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Reauthorizing the Higher Education Act United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, 2017 |
| access to higher education for low income students: Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research Michael B. Paulsen, 2018-04-06 Published annually since 1985, the Handbook series provides a compendium of thorough and integrative literature reviews on a diverse array of topics of interest to the higher education scholarly and policy communities. Each chapter provides a comprehensive review of research findings on a selected topic, critiques the research literature in terms of its conceptual and methodological rigor and sets forth an agenda for future research intended to advance knowledge on the chosen topic. The Handbook focuses on a comprehensive set of central areas of study in higher education that encompasses the salient dimensions of scholarly and policy inquiries undertaken in the international higher education community. Each annual volume contains chapters on such diverse topics as research on college students and faculty, organization and administration, curriculum and instruction, policy, diversity issues, economics and finance, history and philosophy, community colleges, advances in research methodology and more. The series is fortunate to have attracted annual contributions from distinguished scholars throughout the world. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Future of Higher Education Gary A. Olson, John W. Presley, 2015-12-03 Written by leading education experts and by university presidents, provosts, and other leaders nationally recognized for their innovations, the 22 original and provocative chapters in this new book comprise a wide-ranging examination of the many challenges faced in fashioning the university of tomorrow. Authors offer their research, predictions, concerns, and advice on topics ranging from university finances, student access, changing technologies, and the philosophical underpinnings of college education. They address the multiple challenges facing higher education today, offering ideas and solutions. Contributors include Warren Arbogast, Gretchen Bataille, Lee Benson, Rita Bornstein , Sally Clausen , Reed Way Dasenbrock, John A. Dossey, Jean Dowdall, James L. Fisher, Judy L. Genshaft , Henry A. Giroux, Ira Harkavy , Michael Hoad, Freeman A. Hrabowski, Stephen K. Klasko, James V. Koch, George Mehaffy , J. Hillis Miller, Gary A. Olson , John W. Presley, John Puckett , Michael Rao, Charles B. Reed, Rollin C. Richmond, Roseann Runte, Neil J. Smelser , Sheila M. Stearns, and Randy L. Swing. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Congressional Record United States. Congress, 2008 The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published daily when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record began publication in 1873. Debates for sessions prior to 1873 are recorded in The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (1789-1824), the Register of Debates in Congress (1824-1837), and the Congressional Globe (1833-1873) |
| access to higher education for low income students: Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources, 1997 Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. |
| access to higher education for low income students: The Implications of Federal Education Policy Clifton Conrad, Joseph P. Cosand, 1976 |
| access to higher education for low income students: Challenges and Opportunities in Higher Education United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and the Workforce, 2017 |
| access to higher education for low income students: Higher Education in the Asia-Pacific Simon Marginson, Sarjit Kaur, Erlenawati Sawir, 2011-08-21 This survey provides unprecedented scope and detail of analysis on higher education in the Asia-Pacific region. In this era of global integration, convergence and comparison, the balance of power in worldwide higher education is shifting. In less than two decades the Asia-Pacific region has come to possess the largest and fastest growing higher education sector on Earth. The countries of East and Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific together enrol 50 million tertiary students, compared to 14 million in 1991, and will soon conduct a third of all research and development. In China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea and Singapore, ‘world-class’ universities are emerging at breakneck pace, fostered by modernizing governments that see knowledge and skills as key to a future shaped equally by East and West, and supported by families deeply committed to education. But not all Asia-Pacific countries are on this path, not all reforms are effective, and there are marked differences between nations in levels of resources, educational participation, research, state controls and academic freedom. Higher Education in the Asia-Pacific: Strategic responses to globalization provides an authoritative survey of tertiary education in this diverse and dynamic region. Its 23 chapters, written by authors from a dozen different countries, focus successively on the Asia-Pacific as a whole, the strategies of individual universities, and national policies and strategies in response to the global challenge. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Accessibility and Diversity in the 21st Century University Berg, Gary A., Venis, Linda, 2020-05-01 In higher education institutions across the world, rapid changes are occurring as the socio-economic composition of these universities is shifting. The participation of females, ethnic minority groups, and low-income students has increased exponentially, leading to major changes in student activities, curriculum, and overall campus culture. Significant research is a necessity for understanding the need of broader educational access and promoting a newly empowered diverse population of students in today’s universities. Accessibility and Diversity in the 21st Century University is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the provision of higher educational access to a more diverse population with a specific focus on the growing population of women in the university, key intersections with race and sexual preference, and the experiences of low-income students, mid-career and reentry students, and special needs populations. While highlighting topics such as adult learning, race-based achievement gaps, and women’s studies, this publication is ideally designed for educators, higher education faculty, deans, provosts, chancellors, policymakers, sociologists, anthropologists, researchers, scholars, and students seeking current research on modern advancements of diversity in higher education systems. |
| access to higher education for low income students: American Higher Education in the Twenty-First Century Michael N. Bastedo, Philip G. Altbach, Patricia J. Gumport, 2023-01-31 Now in its fifth edition! An indispensable reference for anyone concerned with the future of American colleges and universities. Whether it is advances in information technology, organized social movements, or racial inequality and social class stratification, higher education serves as a lens for examining significant issues within American society. First published in 1998, American Higher Education in the Twenty-First Century offers a comprehensive introduction to the complex realities of American higher education, including its history, financing, governance, and relationship with the states and federal government. This thoroughly revised edition brings the classic volume completely up to date. Each chapter has been rewritten to address major recent issues in higher education, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the movement for racial justice, and turmoil in the for-profit sector. Three entirely new chapters cover broad-access colleges, race and racism, and organized social movements. Reflecting on the implications of ethnic and socioeconomic diversity within higher education, the book also grapples with growing concerns about the responsiveness and future of the academy. No other book covers such wide-ranging issues under the broader theme of higher education's relationship to society. Highly acclaimed and incorporating cutting-edge research, American Higher Education in the Twenty-First Century is now more useful and engaging than ever. Contributors: Michael N. Bastedo, Philip G. Altbach, Patricia J. Gumport, Peter Riley Bahr, Joy Blanchard, Julia Brickfield, Michael Brown, Katherine S. Cho, Daniela Conde, Charles H. F. Davis III, Hans de Wit, Peter D. Eckel, Martin Finkelstein, Denisa Gándara, Liliana M. Garces, Roger L. Geiger, Leslie D. Gonzales, Jillian Leigh Gross, Jessica Harris, Nicholas Hillman, Julia Rose Karpicz, Robert Kelchen, Adrianna Kezar, Lisa R. Lattuca, Demetri Morgan, Rebecca Natow, Anna Neumann, Audrey Peek, Laura W. Perna, Gary Rhoades, Tykeia N. Robinson, Roman Ruiz, Wonson Ryu, Lauren T. Schudde, Jeffrey C. Sun, David A. Tandberg |
| access to higher education for low income students: The SAGE Handbook for Research in Education Clifton F. Conrad, Ronald C. Serlin, 2006 Research is increasingly becoming more influential in the field of education and this Handbook brings together a range of top academic experts who represent diverse fields within and outside of education, as well as quantitative, qualitative, and mixed method approaches to provide an upto- date, advanced analysis of all relevant issues involved in educational research. The Handbook is written in lively, welcoming prose and central to the handbook is an intention to encourage and help researchers place ideas at the epicenter of inquiry. In addition explicit discussion of the fundamental challenges that researchers must consciously address throughout their inquiry are identified and solutions provided to help future researchers overcome similar obstacles. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Standing on the Outside Looking In Mary F. Howard-Hamilton, Carla L. Morelon-Quainoo, Susan D. Johnson, Rachelle Winkle-Wagner, Lilia Santiague, 2023-07-03 Compared to the literature on the impact of post-secondary institutions on undergraduate institutions, the literature on the academic experiences of graduate students from underrepresented populations is comparatively meager.This book remedies this gap by gathering a rich collection of personal narratives and empirical research to provide a comprehensive account of the actual lived experiences of graduate students of color and their perception of the campus climate.This volume examines issues of access, retention, and transition; and explores the personal experiences of students of color in advanced-degree programs. The contributors cover issues such as financial aid; the culture, mission and racial climate at doctoral granting institutions; the transitional challenges STEM undergraduates face on entering graduate programs; mentoring; the distinct concerns and challenges that African, Asian and Latina/o students encounter in doctoral and professional programs; and the need to acknowledge and support their spirituality.Franklin Tuitt concludes the book by summarizing the issues raised, and making recommendations to faculty, administrators, and directors of graduate programs about what they can do to promote the well-being and success of graduate students of color. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Overcoming Educational Racism in the Community College Angela Long, 2023-07-03 Overall, nearly half of all incoming community college students “drop-out” within twelve months of enrolling, with students of color and the economically disadvantaged faring far worse. Given the high proportion of underserved students these colleges enroll, the detrimental impact on their communities, and for the national economy as a whole at a time of diversifying demographics, is enormous.This book addresses this urgent issue by bringing together nationally recognized researchers whose work throws light on the structural and systemic causes of student attrition, as well as college presidents and leaders who have successfully implemented strategies to improve student outcomes.The book is divided into five sections, each devoted to a demographic group: African Americans, Native Americans/American Indians, Latino Americans, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, and Caucasian students in poverty. Each section in turn comprises three chapters, the first providing an up-to-date summary of research findings about barriers and attainments pertaining to the corresponding population, the second the views of a community college president, and the final chapter offering a range of models and best practices for achieving student success.The analyses--descriptions of cutting edge programs--and recommendations for action will commend this volume to everyone concerned about equity and completion rates in the community college sector, from presidents and senior administrators through faculty and student affairs leaders. For educational researchers, it fills blanks on data about attrition and persistence patterns of minority students attending community colleges.ContributorsKenneth AtwaterGlennda M. BivensEdward BushCara CrowleyMaria Harper-MarinickJoan B. HolmesG. Edward HughesLee LambertCynthia Lindquist, Ta’Sunka Wicahpi Win (Star Horse Woman)Angela LongRussell Lowery-HartJamillah MooreChristopher M. MullinBrian MurphyEduardo J. PadrónDeborah A. SantiagoWei SongRobert TeranishiRowena M. TomanengJames UtterbackJ. Luke Wood |
| access to higher education for low income students: Everyday Sociology Reader Karen Sternheimer, 2020-04-15 Innovative readings and blog posts show how sociology can help us understand everyday life. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Understanding Inequalities in, through and by Higher Education , 2010-01-01 Aiming to bridge theory and practice, each chapter outlines relevant literature, highlights key areas for consideration, and offers suggestions for real-world application. The book will be of interest to researchers, university students, expedition organisers, and outdoor instructors. |
| access to higher education for low income students: OECD Economic Surveys: Chile 2015 OECD, 2015-11-25 This 2015 OECD Economic Survey of Chile examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. The special chapter cover: Bringing all Chileans on board. |
| access to higher education for low income students: Pathways to Academic Success in Higher Education Edward P. St. John, Glenda Droogsma Musoba, 2010-07-02 Pathways to Academic Success in Higher Education examines two major challenges facing the nation: preparing high school students for college and creating new pathways to academic success for underrepresented students in higher education. |
office里的access是什么用途？ - 知乎
Mar 23, 2019 · 二、Access对比Excel的优势： 1.Excel录入非常灵活，但这个优点恰恰也是它的缺点，这将导致录入人员随意使用不同的格式和标准，数据杂乱，无法统一内容以及进行大量数据对比分 …
如何在电脑上安装免费的access？ - 知乎
access和Word，ppt一样都是office的一部分，我们要想安装access就必须先下载完整的office2010.然后进行安装。 打开安装程序后，选择自定义进行调试。 假如我们想保留电脑里的其它版本就选择保 …
Access 与 Excel 最重要的区别是什么? - 知乎
Access要求更严格、更规范，数据的一致性和完整性能得到保障，但它不能适用于所有需要”表格“的场合，比如要做一个不太规范的表格，或者只是填几个数做点计算，用Access显然不太合适。
如何评价 IEEE Access 成为了 Top 期刊？ - 知乎
不过出国申请PhD用Access没毛病，国外很多大佬都喜欢投Access，不是因为他们有什么发论文指标，而是因为Access发论文收稿快，占坑迅速。 有些大佬要求先发几篇Access才能投稿到别 …
综述文章引用别人的图是直接在参考文献标明就行，还是需要先获 …
文章如果标有 Open Access；则不需要进行版权申请，但需要按照相应出版方要求引用。 其余类型找到要引用的图片的出处，在其网页上点击【Rights & Permissions】【/ Get rights and content】【/ …
如何找到并激活 Office 产品密钥？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业、友善的社区 …
请教大神们如何查看外文文献的期卷号和页码? - 知乎
最近正在准备毕设论文，有几篇外文文献看不懂期卷号和页码号，如下图
访问网页时403forbidden是什么意思 如何解决? - 知乎
Oct 1, 2022 · 访问某学校官网时遇见如上问题 换了设备进去也是403 但是别人进得去
C盘APPData目录如何清理，目前占用了几十G？ - 知乎
C盘APPData目录如何清理，目前占用了几十G。C盘已经飘红了。
发SCI让加数据可用性声明怎么弄？ - 知乎
Dec 3, 2019 · 数据可用性声明（Data Availability Statement，或者Data Access Statement）指对于某一数据集或者数据资源，明确其可访问性（accessibility）、可用性（availability）以及使用条件的 …
office里的access是什么用途？ - 知乎
Mar 23, 2019 · 二、Access对比Excel的优势： 1.Excel录入非常灵活，但这个优点恰恰也是它的缺点，这将导致录入人员随意使用不同的格式和标准，数据杂乱，无法统一内容以及进行大量数 …
如何在电脑上安装免费的access？ - 知乎
access和Word，ppt一样都是office的一部分，我们要想安装access就必须先下载完整的office2010.然后进行安装。 打开安装程序后，选择自定义进行调试。 假如我们想保留电脑里 …
Access 与 Excel 最重要的区别是什么? - 知乎
Access要求更严格、更规范，数据的一致性和完整性能得到保障，但它不能适用于所有需要”表格“的场合，比如要做一个不太规范的表格，或者只是填几个数做点计算，用Access显然不太合 …
如何评价 IEEE Access 成为了 Top 期刊？ - 知乎
不过出国申请PhD用Access没毛病，国外很多大佬都喜欢投Access，不是因为他们有什么发论文指标，而是因为Access发论文收稿快，占坑迅速。 有些大佬要求先发几篇Access才能投稿到别 …
综述文章引用别人的图是直接在参考文献标明就行，还是需要先获 …
文章如果标有 Open Access；则不需要进行版权申请，但需要按照相应出版方要求引用。 其余类型找到要引用的图片的出处，在其网页上点击【Rights & Permissions】【/ Get rights and …
如何找到并激活 Office 产品密钥？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业 …
请教大神们如何查看外文文献的期卷号和页码? - 知乎
最近正在准备毕设论文，有几篇外文文献看不懂期卷号和页码号，如下图
访问网页时403forbidden是什么意思 如何解决? - 知乎
Oct 1, 2022 · 访问某学校官网时遇见如上问题 换了设备进去也是403 但是别人进得去
C盘APPData目录如何清理，目前占用了几十G？ - 知乎
C盘APPData目录如何清理，目前占用了几十G。C盘已经飘红了。
发SCI让加数据可用性声明怎么弄？ - 知乎
Dec 3, 2019 · 数据可用性声明（Data Availability Statement，或者Data Access Statement）指对于某一数据集或者数据资源，明确其可访问性（accessibility）、可用性（availability）以及使 …
