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Accounting for Pass-Through Donations: A Comprehensive Guide
Author: Dr. Eleanor Vance, CPA, CGMA, Ph.D. in Accounting (University of California, Berkeley) – Dr. Vance has over 20 years of experience in nonprofit accounting and has published extensively on the topic of charitable giving and financial reporting.
Publisher: Nonprofit Finance & Accounting, a leading publisher specializing in resources for nonprofit organizations and their financial management.
Editor: Mark Johnson, CPA – Mr. Johnson has over 15 years of experience editing publications in the field of nonprofit accounting and finance.
Keywords: accounting for pass-through donations, pass-through entity, donor advised fund, charitable contributions, nonprofit accounting, tax implications, financial reporting, grant accounting, intermediate sanctions, IRS regulations
What is Accounting for Pass-Through Donations?
Understanding accounting for pass-through donations is crucial for both the donor and the recipient organization. A pass-through donation occurs when an individual or organization donates funds to an intermediary (like a donor-advised fund or a community foundation) which then distributes those funds to a designated beneficiary. The intermediary doesn't use the donation for its operational expenses; it simply facilitates the transfer. Accurate accounting for pass-through donations ensures transparency, compliance with tax regulations, and proper financial reporting for all involved parties. This guide will explore the intricacies of this process, addressing various perspectives and potential complexities.
The Donor's Perspective in Accounting for Pass-Through Donations
From the donor's viewpoint, accounting for pass-through donations involves understanding the tax implications. While the donor receives a tax deduction in the year of the donation to the intermediary, it's crucial to retain documentation proving the ultimate distribution to the intended recipient. This documentation typically includes a confirmation letter from the intermediary specifying the amount and date of the distribution to the beneficiary. Failure to maintain proper records can lead to challenges during tax audits. The donor's accounting treatment will generally reflect the charitable deduction on their personal tax return.
The Intermediary's Perspective in Accounting for Pass-Through Donations
For the intermediary (e.g., a donor-advised fund or community foundation), accounting for pass-through donations requires meticulous record-keeping. They must maintain accurate records of all incoming donations, the designated recipients, and the disbursement dates and amounts. These records are critical for demonstrating compliance with IRS regulations and for preparing their annual financial statements. The intermediary will typically not recognize the donation as revenue; instead, it's recorded as a liability until distributed. This approach correctly reflects the intermediary's role as a mere facilitator. The financial statements will show the intermediary's net assets increase upon the receipt of the donation and subsequently decrease when the donation is passed through. Proper accounting for pass-through donations is essential for maintaining the intermediary's tax-exempt status.
The Recipient's Perspective in Accounting for Pass-Through Donations
The recipient organization's perspective on accounting for pass-through donations focuses on recognizing the donation as revenue. Upon receiving funds from the intermediary, the recipient records it as a contribution or grant, reflecting the increase in its net assets. This process is identical to recording a direct donation from an individual or corporation. The recipient needs documentation from the intermediary to support the recorded revenue. This documentation will often include a check or electronic transfer record, along with a statement confirming the source of the funds. This is critical for complying with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and ensuring accurate financial reporting. Accurate accounting for pass-through donations ensures that the recipient organization can track funding sources and demonstrate its financial health to potential donors and stakeholders.
Tax Implications of Accounting for Pass-Through Donations
The tax implications of accounting for pass-through donations vary depending on the involved parties' statuses. Donors typically claim a deduction on their personal income tax returns. Intermediaries, usually 501(c)(3) organizations themselves, are generally exempt from federal income tax on the funds they pass through, provided the funds are ultimately used for charitable purposes. Recipient organizations must adhere to IRS guidelines for recording donations and accurately reporting them on their tax filings. The correct accounting for pass-through donations is crucial for all parties to avoid potential penalties and ensure compliance. Failure to accurately document and report these transactions can have serious consequences.
Best Practices for Accounting for Pass-Through Donations
To ensure accurate and transparent accounting for pass-through donations, organizations should adopt several best practices. These include:
Detailed documentation: Maintaining meticulous records of all transactions, including donation receipts, disbursement records, and confirmation letters.
Clear designations: Ensuring clear communication between the donor, intermediary, and recipient regarding the intended purpose of the donation.
Regular reconciliation: Regularly reconciling accounts to ensure accuracy and identify any discrepancies.
Internal controls: Implementing robust internal control systems to prevent errors and fraud.
Compliance with regulations: Staying up-to-date on relevant IRS regulations and accounting standards.
Conclusion
Effective accounting for pass-through donations is vital for maintaining transparency, ensuring compliance, and fostering trust among donors, intermediaries, and recipient organizations. By understanding the intricacies of the process and adhering to best practices, all parties can contribute to the efficient and ethical allocation of charitable funds. Proper documentation and record-keeping are paramount throughout the entire process, ensuring that both financial and legal obligations are met.
FAQs
1. What is the difference between a direct donation and a pass-through donation? A direct donation is made directly from the donor to the recipient organization. A pass-through donation is made to an intermediary, which then distributes the funds to the recipient.
2. Who is responsible for the accounting of pass-through donations? All parties involved – the donor, the intermediary, and the recipient – have accounting responsibilities related to the donation.
3. What documentation is required for accounting for pass-through donations? Receipts, confirmation letters from the intermediary, bank statements showing the transfer of funds, and any other supporting documentation.
4. What are the tax implications of pass-through donations for the donor? The donor can generally deduct the donation on their income tax return in the year the donation is made.
5. What are the tax implications of pass-through donations for the intermediary? The intermediary, if a 501(c)(3) organization, is typically exempt from federal income tax on pass-through donations.
6. What are the accounting implications for the recipient organization? The recipient organization records the donation as revenue when they receive the funds.
7. What happens if there is a discrepancy in accounting records for pass-through donations? Thorough investigation and reconciliation are required. Potential issues should be reported to the appropriate authorities if necessary.
8. What are the penalties for incorrect accounting for pass-through donations? Penalties can include fines, loss of tax-exempt status, and legal action.
9. Where can I find more information on the regulations governing pass-through donations? Consult IRS publications, the websites of relevant regulatory bodies, and professional accounting resources.
Related Articles
1. Understanding Donor-Advised Funds and Their Impact on Nonprofit Accounting: This article explores the unique aspects of accounting for donations channeled through donor-advised funds.
2. The Role of Community Foundations in Facilitating Charitable Giving: This article discusses the functions of community foundations and their importance in the ecosystem of charitable giving, including their accounting practices.
3. Best Practices in Nonprofit Financial Reporting: A Focus on Grant and Donation Accounting: This article provides a comprehensive guide to best practices for nonprofit financial reporting, emphasizing grant and donation accounting procedures.
4. Avoiding Intermediate Sanctions in Nonprofit Accounting: This article explains intermediate sanctions and their implications for nonprofit organizations that receive pass-through donations.
5. Tax Compliance for Nonprofit Organizations: A Practical Guide: This article provides a guide to ensure compliance with tax regulations relevant to nonprofits handling pass-through donations.
6. Internal Controls for Nonprofit Organizations: Protecting Assets and Ensuring Transparency: This article discusses the implementation of robust internal control systems to safeguard assets and improve the accuracy of accounting for pass-through donations.
7. The Importance of Documentation in Nonprofit Accounting: This article stresses the critical role of documentation in supporting accounting transactions, particularly in the case of pass-through donations.
8. GAAP Compliance for Nonprofit Organizations: A Step-by-Step Guide: This article provides a comprehensive guide to understanding and applying Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the nonprofit sector.
9. Reconciling Bank Statements in Nonprofit Accounting: Tips and Best Practices: This article offers valuable insights into effectively reconciling bank statements, which is crucial for ensuring accuracy in accounting for all types of donations, including pass-through donations.
Accounting for Pass-Through Donations: A Comprehensive Guide
Author: Jane Doe, CPA, with 15 years of experience in non-profit accounting and specializing in complex donation processing and regulatory compliance.
Publisher: Nonprofit Finance Professionals (NFP), a leading organization dedicated to providing resources and education for financial professionals in the non-profit sector. NFP boasts a team of experienced CPAs and financial experts committed to best practices in non-profit accounting.
Editor: Michael Smith, CAE, with 20 years of experience in non-profit management and publication editing.
Keyword: accounting for pass-through donations
Summary: This guide provides a comprehensive overview of accounting for pass-through donations, highlighting best practices and common pitfalls. It covers the crucial aspects of recognizing revenue, maintaining accurate records, complying with IRS regulations, and understanding the implications for both the intermediary organization and the ultimate beneficiary. The guide also addresses potential challenges and offers solutions for effective management of pass-through donations.
Introduction: Understanding Pass-Through Donations
"Accounting for pass-through donations" refers to the accounting procedures used when an organization receives a donation intended for a third party. This intermediary organization acts solely as a conduit, transferring the funds to the designated beneficiary. While seemingly straightforward, correctly accounting for these donations requires careful attention to detail and adherence to specific regulations. Failure to do so can lead to audit issues, inaccurate financial reporting, and potential legal repercussions. This guide will equip you with the knowledge and best practices to navigate this complex area of non-profit accounting.
H1: Recognizing Revenue in Pass-Through Donations
The key question in accounting for pass-through donations is whether the intermediary organization recognizes the donation as revenue. Generally, under US GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles), the intermediary does not recognize the donation as revenue. Instead, it should be recorded as a liability until it's transferred to the designated beneficiary. This is because the intermediary organization does not benefit directly from the donation. This is crucial for accurate financial reporting and maintaining transparency. This method ensures compliance with the principle of recognizing revenue only when earned.
H2: Maintaining Accurate Records: A Cornerstone of Effective Accounting for Pass-Through Donations
Meticulous record-keeping is paramount in accounting for pass-through donations. This includes:
Detailed documentation: Maintain records of all donations received, including the donor's name, date of donation, amount, and the intended beneficiary.
Separate accounts: Establish separate bank accounts or sub-accounts for pass-through donations to ensure clear segregation of funds. This simplifies reconciliation and enhances transparency.
Tracking disbursements: Keep precise records of all disbursements to beneficiaries, including dates, amounts, and supporting documentation.
Reconciliation: Regularly reconcile bank statements with accounting records to ensure accuracy and identify any discrepancies promptly.
H3: IRS Regulations and Compliance in Accounting for Pass-Through Donations
The IRS scrutinizes how non-profits handle donations. Understanding and adhering to relevant regulations is crucial. Failure to comply can result in penalties and loss of tax-exempt status. Key areas to consider include:
Form 990: Accurate reporting of pass-through donations on the organization's annual Form 990 is essential.
Donor information: Maintain proper records of donor information to comply with privacy regulations and for potential audits.
Transparency: Ensure all financial transactions related to pass-through donations are transparent and readily auditable.
H4: Common Pitfalls in Accounting for Pass-Through Donations
Several common pitfalls can arise in accounting for pass-through donations. These include:
Incorrect revenue recognition: Improperly recognizing pass-through donations as revenue can severely distort financial statements.
Lack of documentation: Inadequate record-keeping makes it difficult to track funds and comply with regulatory requirements.
Mixing funds: Failing to segregate pass-through donations from the organization's own funds can create confusion and audit issues.
H5: Best Practices for Effective Management
Develop clear policies and procedures: Establish documented guidelines for handling pass-through donations to ensure consistency and compliance.
Utilize accounting software: Employ accounting software designed for non-profits to streamline the process and enhance accuracy.
Seek professional guidance: Consult with a CPA experienced in non-profit accounting to ensure compliance and address any complex situations.
Conclusion:
Effective accounting for pass-through donations is critical for maintaining the financial integrity and reputation of any non-profit organization. By adhering to best practices, maintaining meticulous records, and understanding relevant regulations, non-profits can avoid common pitfalls and ensure accurate financial reporting. This, in turn, fosters trust with donors and strengthens the organization's ability to fulfill its mission.
FAQs:
1. What is the difference between a pass-through donation and a restricted donation? A pass-through donation is simply channeled through an intermediary, while a restricted donation is designated for a specific purpose by the donor, even if it stays within the receiving organization.
2. Can an intermediary organization deduct expenses associated with processing pass-through donations? Generally, no. Expenses related to handling pass-through donations are not deductible by the intermediary organization.
3. What happens if the beneficiary organization doesn't exist? The intermediary organization should make every effort to locate the intended beneficiary. If unsuccessful, the funds should be handled according to its internal policies and possibly returned to the donor or re-directed.
4. What if the donor requests a refund of a pass-through donation? The intermediary organization should follow its established refund policy and promptly address the donor's request.
5. What are the penalties for incorrectly accounting for pass-through donations? Penalties can range from fines to loss of tax-exempt status, depending on the severity of the violation.
6. Can a donor specify how the pass-through donation should be used by the beneficiary? Yes, although the intermediary should confirm with the beneficiary that the restrictions are feasible and acceptable.
7. How frequently should I reconcile my pass-through donation accounts? Ideally, monthly reconciliation is recommended to ensure timely detection of discrepancies.
8. What type of documentation is required for each pass-through donation? At minimum, maintain records of the donor's information, the date and amount of the donation, the identity of the intended beneficiary and the date the funds were transferred.
9. Should I use a separate bank account for pass-through donations? Using a separate bank account or at least a clearly identified sub-account is strongly recommended for better tracking and audit trail.
Related Articles:
1. Understanding Restricted Donations: A guide to accounting for donations earmarked for specific purposes.
2. Non-Profit Financial Reporting Best Practices: A comprehensive overview of financial reporting requirements for non-profit organizations.
3. IRS Regulations for Non-Profit Organizations: A deep dive into IRS regulations and compliance requirements.
4. Donor Management and Stewardship: Strategies for cultivating donor relationships and enhancing donor retention.
5. Effective Budgeting for Non-Profit Organizations: Techniques for creating and managing budgets effectively.
6. Internal Controls for Non-Profit Organizations: Best practices for establishing and maintaining robust internal controls.
7. Using Accounting Software for Non-Profits: A comparison of various accounting software options suitable for non-profits.
8. The Audit Process for Non-Profit Organizations: A guide to preparing for and navigating a financial audit.
9. Grant Accounting for Non-Profit Organizations: A detailed explanation of accounting for grant funds, including pass-through grants.
| accounting for pass through donations: Not-for-Profit Accounting Made Easy Warren Ruppel, 2003-02-03 A practical, introductory guide to the fundamentals of not-for-profit accounting Not-for-Profit Accounting Made Easy focuses on accounting fundamentals for those who run financial and accounting operations in not-for-profit organizations but do not have a professional understanding of accounting principles and financial reporting. It explains complex accounting rules in terms nonaccountants can easily understand in order to help them better fulfill their managerial and fiduciary duties. Always practical and never overtechnical, this helpful guide conforms to FASB and AICPA standards and: * Shows how to read and understand a not-for-profit financial statement * Explains financial accounting and reporting standards * Helps managers and other nonaccountants become conversant in the rules and principles of accounting * Updates board members, executive directors, and other senior managers on the accounting basics they should know for day-to-day operations * Features tables, exhibits, and charts that illustrate the content in a simple and easy-to-understand manner Suitable for fundraising managers and executives-as well as anyone who needs to read and understand a not-for-profit financial statement-this is the ultimate not-an-accountant's guide to not-for-profit accounting. |
| accounting for pass through donations: FRS 102 , 2015 |
| accounting for pass through donations: Humanitarianism in the Modern World Norbert Götz, Georgina Brewis, Steffen Werther, 2020-07-23 A fresh look at two centuries of humanitarian history through a moral economy approach focusing on appeals, allocation, and accounting. |
| accounting for pass through donations: United States Code United States, 2013 The United States Code is the official codification of the general and permanent laws of the United States of America. The Code was first published in 1926, and a new edition of the code has been published every six years since 1934. The 2012 edition of the Code incorporates laws enacted through the One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, the last of which was signed by the President on January 15, 2013. It does not include laws of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, enacted between January 2, 2013, the date it convened, and January 15, 2013. By statutory authority this edition may be cited U.S.C. 2012 ed. As adopted in 1926, the Code established prima facie the general and permanent laws of the United States. The underlying statutes reprinted in the Code remained in effect and controlled over the Code in case of any discrepancy. In 1947, Congress began enacting individual titles of the Code into positive law. When a title is enacted into positive law, the underlying statutes are repealed and the title then becomes legal evidence of the law. Currently, 26 of the 51 titles in the Code have been so enacted. These are identified in the table of titles near the beginning of each volume. The Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives continues to prepare legislation pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 285b to enact the remainder of the Code, on a title-by-title basis, into positive law. The 2012 edition of the Code was prepared and published under the supervision of Ralph V. Seep, Law Revision Counsel. Grateful acknowledgment is made of the contributions by all who helped in this work, particularly the staffs of the Office of the Law Revision Counsel and the Government Printing Office--Preface. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Audits of Property and Liability Insurance Companies , 2000 |
| accounting for pass through donations: The Tax Implications of Charity Trading Pesh Framjee, Charity Finance Directors' Group (Great Britain), 2010 |
| accounting for pass through donations: Can't Hurt Me David Goggins, 2021-03-03 New York Times Bestseller Over 2.5 million copies sold For David Goggins, childhood was a nightmare -- poverty, prejudice, and physical abuse colored his days and haunted his nights. But through self-discipline, mental toughness, and hard work, Goggins transformed himself from a depressed, overweight young man with no future into a U.S. Armed Forces icon and one of the world's top endurance athletes. The only man in history to complete elite training as a Navy SEAL, Army Ranger, and Air Force Tactical Air Controller, he went on to set records in numerous endurance events, inspiring Outside magazine to name him The Fittest (Real) Man in America. In Can't Hurt Me, he shares his astonishing life story and reveals that most of us tap into only 40% of our capabilities. Goggins calls this The 40% Rule, and his story illuminates a path that anyone can follow to push past pain, demolish fear, and reach their full potential. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Church Accounting Lisa London, 2020-11 The must-have reference guide for small and growing churches to understand church accounting basics in a reader-friendly format has been updated and expanded!CPA Lisa London and premier church accounting blogger, Vickey Richardson, help you understand what you need to know to manage the finances and keep your religious organization out of trouble with the IRS.Topics include how to:?Meet the IRS definition of a church?Determine whether to file for a 501c3 or not?Organize and retain accounting records?Establish controls to keep the money safe and guard against errors?Record and acknowledge donations of cash, stock, vehicles, in-kind, and more?Setup and maintain a benevolence fund?Create an accountable reimbursement plan?Handle mortgage payments?Calculate and file payroll?Structure pastor payroll and housing allowances?Budget for the next year?Recognize if you owe Unrelated Business Income Tax (UBIT) ?How to fill out the 990N and 990EZ,?And so much more.Lisa London CPA is the author of The Accountant Beside You series of resources for the non-accountants in nonprofits, religious organizations, and small businesses to understand their accounting needs. She has decades of experience in auditing and consulting large and small organizations.Vickey Richardson is the founder and manager of Vickey's Bookkeeping, Inc., an accounting firm specializing in assisting churches. She is best known for her popular website, FreeChurchAccounting.com. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Fiscal Sponsorship Gregory L. Colvin, 2005 Considers earlier efforts to finance nonprofit organizations by means of fiscal agency, the legal problems which ensued, and efforts to correct them through fiscal sponsorship. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Charity Reporting and Accounting Great Britain. Charity Commission, 2009 |
| accounting for pass through donations: Financial and Accounting Guide for Not-for-Profit Organizations Malvern J. Gross, John H. McCarthy, Nancy E. Shelmon, 2005-05-13 This Seventh Edition is filled with authoritative advice on the financial reporting, accounting, and control situations unique to not-for-profit organizations. It contains discussions of the accounting and reporting guidelines for different types of organizations, complete guidance on tax and compliance reporting requirements, illustrated explanations of various types of acceptable financial statements, and much more! |
| accounting for pass through donations: Audit and Accounting Guide AICPA, 2020-08-11 From financial reporting to revenue recognition to grants and contracts to auditor report changes, you have a lot going on in the not-for-profit financial arena right now. Whether you're already an expert in NFP audit and accounting standards or just getting started, this is the practical guidance you need. This must-have resource for nonprofits accounting and auditing professionals is an essential reference that will assist you with the unique aspects of accounting and financial statement preparation and auditing for not-for-profit entities. It will help you with the following Understand and implement recent updates and changes, including those related to financial reporting, revenue recognition, and grants and contracts Gain a full understanding of the accounting issues unique to not-for-profit entities Assist in the implementation of auditor report changes. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Individual retirement arrangements (IRAs) United States. Internal Revenue Service, 1990 |
| accounting for pass through donations: Government and Not-for-Profit Accounting Michael H. Granof, Saleha B. Khumawala, Thad D. Calabrese, 2021-11-09 Government and Not-for-Profit Accounting: Concepts and Practices, 9th Edition delivers a comprehensive exploration of accounting and reporting standards and practices. Fully compliant with the latest changes in the GASB, FASB, and AICPA, this practical text encourages critical thinking about the rationale behind the rules and regulations. Issues of critical importance to the public and not-for-profit sectors are discussed at length. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Financial Strategy for Public Managers Sharon Kioko, Justin Marlowe, 2017-09-07 Financial Strategy for Public Managers is a new generation textbook for financial management in the public sector. It offers a thorough, applied, and concise introduction to the essential financial concepts and analytical tools that today's effective public servants need to know. It starts at the beginning and assumes no prior knowledge or experience in financial management. Throughout the text, Kioko and Marlowe emphasize how financial information can and should inform every aspect of public sector strategy, from routine procurement decisions to budget preparation to program design to major new policy initiatives. They draw upon dozens of real-world examples, cases, and applied problems to bring that relationship between information and strategy to life. Unlike other public financial management texts, the authors also integrate foundational principles across the government, non-profit, and hybrid/for-benefit sectors. Coverage includes basic principles of accounting and financial reporting, preparing and analyzing financial statements, cost analysis, and the process and politics of budget preparation. The text also includes several large case studies appropriate for class discussion and/or graded assignments. |
| accounting for pass through donations: The WI Handbook National Federation of Women's Institutes, 1982 |
| accounting for pass through donations: Field Trials of Health Interventions Peter G. Smith, Richard H. Morrow, David A. Ross, 2015 This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Before new interventions are released into disease control programmes, it is essential that they are carefully evaluated in field trials'. These may be complex and expensive undertakings, requiring the follow-up of hundreds, or thousands, of individuals, often for long periods. Descriptions of the detailed procedures and methods used in the trials that have been conducted have rarely been published. A consequence of this, individuals planning such trials have few guidelines available and little access to knowledge accumulated previously, other than their own. In this manual, practical issues in trial design and conduct are discussed fully and in sufficient detail, that Field Trials of Health Interventions may be used as a toolbox' by field investigators. It has been compiled by an international group of over 30 authors with direct experience in the design, conduct, and analysis of field trials in low and middle income countries and is based on their accumulated knowledge and experience. Available as an open access book via Oxford Medicine Online, this new edition is a comprehensive revision, incorporating the new developments that have taken place in recent years with respect to trials, including seven new chapters on subjects ranging from trial governance, and preliminary studies to pilot testing. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Managing Public Money Great Britain. Treasury, 2007 Dated October 2007. The publication is effective from October 2007, when it replaces Government accounting. Annexes to this document may be viewed at www.hm-treasury.gov.uk |
| accounting for pass through donations: Charitable Giving and Tax Policy Gabrielle Fack, Camille Landais, 2016 A comparative and historical analysis of tax policies towards charitable giving in different countries that considers whether public policies actually boost private philanthropy. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Case Studies in Not-for-Profit Accounting and Auditing William Wagner, 2018-04-24 Gain hands-on experience with case studies designed to simulate real-world scenarios and common problems in today's not-for-profit environment. This book goes beyond the theory and will show you how to navigate the key issues that arise in not-for-profit accounting and auditing. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Guidelines for Public Expenditure Management Mr.Jack Diamond, Mr.Barry H. Potter, 1999-07-01 Traditionally, economics training in public finances has focused more on tax than public expenditure issues, and within expenditure, more on policy considerations than the more mundane matters of public expenditure management. For many years, the IMF's Public Expenditure Management Division has answered specific questions raised by fiscal economists on such missions. Based on this experience, these guidelines arose from the need to provide a general overview of the principles and practices observed in three key aspects of public expenditure management: budget preparation, budget execution, and cash planning. For each aspect of public expenditure management, the guidelines identify separately the differing practices in four groups of countries - the francophone systems, the Commonwealth systems, Latin America, and those in the transition economies. Edited by Barry H. Potter and Jack Diamond, this publication is intended for a general fiscal, or a general budget, advisor interested in the macroeconomic dimension of public expenditure management. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Beyond Fundraising Kay Sprinkel Grace, 2005-05-02 Do you or your volunteers fear rejection or feel like a beggar when fundraising? Do you worry about soliciting donors too often? Are you tired of the relentless cycle of fundraising activities necessary to generate revenues for your programs? Beyond Fundraising: New Strategies for Nonprofit Innovation and Investment, Second Edition dispels these concerns and helps you: Learn how to position your organization in the community as a constructive, vital, and successful social investment Develop an investor relationship with donors and engage their values-based commitment capacity to make a difference in their communities In this revised and updated Second Edition, fundraising expert Kay Sprinkel Grace presents her internationally field-tested core beliefs, principles, and strategies for developing long-term relationships with donor-investors and volunteers. Share in the wisdom and experience that have helped countless nonprofit organizations grow their base of support and go beyond fundraising into true donor and fund development. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Super PACs Louise I. Gerdes, 2014-05-20 The passage of Citizens United by the Supreme Court in 2010 sparked a renewed debate about campaign spending by large political action committees, or Super PACs. Its ruling said that it is okay for corporations and labor unions to spend as much as they want in advertising and other methods to convince people to vote for or against a candidate. This book provides a wide range of opinions on the issue. Includes primary and secondary sources from a variety of perspectives; eyewitnesses, scientific journals, government officials, and many others. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Charitable Gifts of Noncash Assets Bryan Clontz, 2017-01-12 This book is intended for several audiences: 1. Front line advisors: financial, tax and legal advisors who have clients whose assets go well beyond cash and public securities. 2. Nonprofit gift planners: fundraisers in major gifts, planned gifts, and principal gifts whose donors wish to give assets other than cash. 3. Technical experts: Lawyers, accountants, and back office staff at charities and financial institutions charged with determining how an asset may be used for a philanthropic purpose, or determining whether that asset should be accepted as a gift. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Tax-exempt Status for Your Organization , |
| accounting for pass through donations: Tax-exempt Status for Your Organization , 1992 |
| accounting for pass through donations: QuickBooks for Churches and Other Religious Organizations Deep River Press, Inc., Lisa London, 2013-11 Bookkeeping for churches can be quite different than for-profit businesses, and the other guides available cover either QuickBooks or church accounting, not both. Lisa London, The Accountant Beside You, walks you through QuickBooks for your church from start to finish, always with examples, terminology, and understanding of what a busy church administrator needs to know in a clear, concise style. With her friendly easy-to-understand style and illustrative screenshots, Lisa guides new QuickBooks users every step of the way, while her tips for how to make QuickBooks work better for churches provides new insight and procedures for even the experienced bookkeeper. Not only does she step you through how to set up QuickBooks and utilize it more efficiently for your house of worship, but she also discusses everything you need to know to implement controls and procedures to ensure that your church's money is always protected. QuickBooks for Churches covers PC versions of QuickBooks from 2012 forward and even includes what's new in the 2014 version. Lisa offers sound accounting procedures for both large and small houses of worship, for bookkeepers with years of experience as well as those just starting out. Let The Accountant Beside You take one more worry off your crowded to-do list. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Ask a Manager Alison Green, 2018-05-01 'I'm a HUGE fan of Alison Green's Ask a Manager column. This book is even better' Robert Sutton, author of The No Asshole Rule and The Asshole Survival Guide 'Ask A Manager is the book I wish I'd had in my desk drawer when I was starting out (or even, let's be honest, fifteen years in)' - Sarah Knight, New York Times bestselling author of The Life-Changing Magic of Not Giving a F*ck A witty, practical guide to navigating 200 difficult professional conversations Ten years as a workplace advice columnist has taught Alison Green that people avoid awkward conversations in the office because they don't know what to say. Thankfully, Alison does. In this incredibly helpful book, she takes on the tough discussions you may need to have during your career. You'll learn what to say when: · colleagues push their work on you - then take credit for it · you accidentally trash-talk someone in an email and hit 'reply all' · you're being micromanaged - or not being managed at all · your boss seems unhappy with your work · you got too drunk at the Christmas party With sharp, sage advice and candid letters from real-life readers, Ask a Manager will help you successfully navigate the stormy seas of office life. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Fiscal Management of Federal Pass-through Grants United States. Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations, 1981 |
| accounting for pass through donations: Building Capacity Through Financial Management John Cammack, 2007 This guide provides an overview of financial management and the practical tools that can help build the financial capacity of non-profit organisations and is intended for managers and trustees of non-profit organisations, providing tools and techniques for them to build financial systems and assess another organisation's financial capacity. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Managing Nonprofit Organizations Mary Tschirhart, Wolfgang Bielefeld, 2012-07-11 MANAGING NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS This essential resource offers an overall understanding of nonprofits based on both the academic literature and practitioner experience. It shows how to lead, manage, govern, and structure effective and ethical nonprofit organizations. Managing Nonprofit Organizations reveals what it takes to be entrepreneurial and collaborative, formulate successful strategies, assess performance, manage change, acquire resources, be a responsible financial steward, and design and implement solid marketing and communication plans. Managing Nonprofit Organizations is the only introductory text on this subject that manages to do three critical things equally well: It's comprehensive, covering all the key topics leaders of NPOs need to know about; it's practical, providing lots of examples, case incidents, and experiential exercises that connect the content to the real world; and, best of all (and most unique compared to others), it's research-based, drawing on the latest and best empirical studies that look into what works and doesn't work in the world of nonprofit management. —Vic Murray, professor, School of Public Administration, University of Victoria This book is a rarity—a text that can be used both as the focus for academic study and as a source of stimulating ideas for those practitioners who want to explore theories about management and how they can be applied so they can do a better job. Tschirhart and Bielefeld have explained all aspects of nonprofit management and leadership in a way that will stimulate as well as inform. —Richard Brewster, executive director, National Center on Nonprofit Enterprise, Virginia Tech University Managing Nonprofit Organizations presents a comprehensive treatment of this important topic. The book satisfies the competencies and curriculum guidelines developed by NASPAA and by NACC and would be ideal for instruction. The book maintains its commitment to informing management and leadership throughout the nonprofit sector. —Jeffrey L. Brudney, Albert A. Levin Chair of Urban Studies and Public Service, Cleveland State University This is an important book, written by two of the leading scholars in the nonprofit studies field. Nonprofit managers, board members, funders, educators, and others will find Managing Nonprofit Organizations extremely valuable. —Michael O' Neill, professor of nonprofit management, University of San Francisco Here's the book that my students have been asking for—just the right mix of theory presentation, research findings, and practical suggestions to serve the thoughtful nonprofit management practitioner. It will inform, instruct, and ultimately, inspire. —Rikki Abzug, professor of management, Anisfield School of Business, Ramapo College |
| accounting for pass through donations: Tax Planning and Compliance for Tax-Exempt Organizations Jody Blazek, 2004-05-21 Tax Planning and Compliance for Tax-Exempt Organizations:Rules, Checklists, and Procedures, Fourth Edition is anindispensable guide to navigating the complex maze of nonprofit taxrules and regulations. Along with clear, concise instructions forfiling Forms 990 and other important IRS forms and documents, thispractical guide covers the significant issues facing nonprofitorganizations, including unrelated business income, privateinurement, affiliations, and employment taxes. It also providespractical guidance on obtaining the tax exemption; reporting toboards, auditors, and the IRS; testing ongoing tax compliance; andmanaging lobbying expenditure. An essential, timesaving guide for accountants, lawyers,nonprofit executives and directors, consultants, and volunteers,this Fourth Edition offers: A supplemental, annual update to keep subscribers current onrelevant changes in IRS forms, requirements, and related taxprocedures. Easy-to-use checklists highlighting such critical concerns astax-exempt eligibility, reporting to the IRS, and taxcompliance. A variety of sample documents, including organizational bylaws,letters of application, and completed IRS forms. Helpful practice aids, such as a comparison chart summarizingthe differences between public and private charitableorganizations. Practical tips and suggestions for handling such criticalsituations as preparing for and surviving an IRS examination. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Fraud Casebook Joseph T. Wells, 2008-01-07 Praise for Fraud Casebook Lessons from the Bad Side of Business I have known Mr. Wells for over twenty years. In my opinion, no one in the world knows more about fraud than he does. -W. Steve Albrecht, Associate Dean, Marriott School of ManagementBrigham Young University, Provo, Utah This book covers the entire range of fraud that can be encountered in the workplace. -Grant D. Ashley, Vice President for Corporate Security and SurveillanceHarrah's Entertainment Inc., Las Vegas, Nevada I had the pleasure of serving with Mr. Wells when both of us were volunteers for the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. He knows as much as anyone about how to detect and deter fraud. -James G. Castellano, Chairman, RubinBrown LLP, St. Louis, Missouri I have worked with Mr. Wells for ten years. His reputation is unsurpassed. -John F. Morrow, Vice President, The New FinanceAmerican Institute of Certified Public Accountants, New York, New York Fraud Casebook is a terrific work. I highly recommend it. -Sherron S. Watkins, a Time magazine Person of the Year, Houston, Texas No one has done more for fraud prevention and detection than Mr. Wells and the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners. Their guidance and training proved invaluable to my staff and me in uncovering the WorldCom fraud. -Cynthia Cooper, a Time magazine Person of the Year, Clinton, Mississippi |
| accounting for pass through donations: Accountants' Handbook, Special Industries and Special Topics D. R. Carmichael, Paul H. Rosenfield, 2003-05-13 The premier accounting reference, revised and expanded The Accountants' Handbook series has the longest tradition of any reference of providing comprehensive coverage of the field to both accounting professionals and professionals in other fields who need or desire quick, understandable, and thorough exposure to complex accounting-related subjects. Like its predecessors, the Tenth Edition is designed as a single reference source that provides answers to all reasonable questions on accounting and financial reporting asked by accountants, auditors, bankers, lawyers, financial analysts, and other preparers and users of accounting information. Written by nationally recognized accounting professionals, including partners in major public accounting firms, financial executives, financial analysts, and other relevant business professionals, the Handbook covers both financial accounting and reporting and industry specific accounting issues in separate volumes for easy reference. Its comprehensive content provides analysis on over 43 critical areas of accounting. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Charitable Contributions United States. Internal Revenue Service, 2002 |
| accounting for pass through donations: Accountants' Handbook, Volume 2 D. R. Carmichael, O. Ray Whittington, Lynford Graham, 2007-04-06 This highly regarded reference is relied on by a considerable part of the accounting profession in their day-to-day work. This handbook is the first place many accountants look to find answers to practice questions. Its comprehensive scope is widely recognized and relied on. It is designed as a single reference source that provides answers to all reasonable questions on accounting and financial reporting asked by accountants, auditors, bankers, lawyers, financial analysts, and other preparers and users of accounting information. |
| accounting for pass through donations: Use of Fiscal Agents John A. Edie, 1990 |
| accounting for pass through donations: The Odessa File Frederick Forsyth, 2011 Suspense fiction. Reissues of 7 of Forsyth's classic thrillers. |
| accounting for pass through donations: The Technique for Proper Giving Walter J. Held, 1959 |
| accounting for pass through donations: Export Expansion Legislation United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Foreign Commerce and Tourism, 1973 |
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