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Accounting for Grant Revenue: A Comprehensive Guide
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, CPA, CGMA. Dr. Reed is a Professor of Accounting at the University of California, Berkeley, specializing in nonprofit accounting and financial management. She has over 20 years of experience in auditing and advising nonprofits on best practices in accounting for grant revenue, including extensive work with the National Council of Nonprofits.
Publisher: Published by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), a globally recognized professional organization setting standards for the accounting profession. Their expertise in financial reporting ensures the reliability and accuracy of this information.
Editor: Edited by Michael Jones, CPA, a seasoned editor with over 15 years of experience at the AICPA, specializing in nonprofit accounting publications. His background includes extensive work in reviewing and editing materials on complex accounting topics, including the intricacies of accounting for grant revenue.
Keywords: accounting for grant revenue, grant accounting, nonprofit accounting, restricted funds, unrestricted funds, grant revenue recognition, donor restrictions, fund accounting, financial reporting, GAAP, FASB.
1. Introduction: Understanding the Nuances of Accounting for Grant Revenue
Accounting for grant revenue presents unique challenges for nonprofits and governmental entities. Unlike commercial revenue, grant revenue often comes with specific stipulations and restrictions imposed by the grantor. Effective accounting for grant revenue requires a thorough understanding of these restrictions and adherence to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and relevant regulatory frameworks. This comprehensive guide delves into the intricacies of accounting for grant revenue, providing a practical framework for accurate and compliant financial reporting. Accurate accounting for grant revenue is crucial for maintaining transparency and accountability to donors and stakeholders.
2. Types of Grant Revenue and Donor Restrictions
Grants can be classified based on the donor's restrictions:
Restricted Grants: These grants stipulate how the funds must be used. Restrictions can relate to specific programs, activities, or timeframes. Accurate accounting for grant revenue necessitates careful tracking of these restrictions.
Unrestricted Grants: These grants provide greater flexibility to the recipient organization. While still subject to the organization's overall mission and purpose, there are no specific stipulations on how the funds must be used. Even with unrestricted grants, proper accounting for grant revenue maintains clear records of the source of funds.
Understanding these distinctions is paramount for accurate accounting for grant revenue. Failure to properly classify and account for restricted versus unrestricted grants can lead to material misstatements in financial reporting and potential compliance issues. Research consistently demonstrates that proper classification of grant funds is the single most important factor in effective accounting for grant revenue.
3. Revenue Recognition Principles for Grants
The recognition of grant revenue is governed by GAAP, specifically pronouncements from the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). Under GAAP, revenue is recognized when it is earned and realized or realizable. In the context of grants, this means:
Earned: The organization must have substantially completed the performance obligations outlined in the grant agreement.
Realized or Realizable: The organization must have received the grant funds or have a reasonable expectation of receiving them.
The timing of revenue recognition often depends on the terms of the grant agreement. For example, a grant awarded for a multi-year project might be recognized ratably over the project's duration, reflecting the performance of the obligations. Conversely, a grant received upfront for a single project would likely be recognized upon completion of the project. The nuances of revenue recognition are complex and underscore the importance of professional expertise in accounting for grant revenue.
4. Fund Accounting and Grant Revenue
Nonprofits often utilize fund accounting to segregate funds based on their purpose and restrictions. This system is essential for effective accounting for grant revenue, as it allows for the tracking of restricted and unrestricted resources. Common fund types include:
Restricted Funds: Used to account for funds with donor-imposed restrictions.
Unrestricted Funds: Used to account for funds without donor-imposed restrictions.
Proper segregation within a fund accounting system ensures compliance with grant agreements and provides clarity in financial reporting. Studies show that organizations utilizing a robust fund accounting system experience fewer audit findings related to accounting for grant revenue.
5. Financial Reporting and Disclosure
Financial statements for nonprofits must clearly present information related to grant revenue and expenses. This includes:
Statement of Financial Position: Shows the amounts of restricted and unrestricted net assets related to grants.
Statement of Activities: Presents changes in net assets, separating restricted and unrestricted changes related to grant revenue and expenses.
Notes to the Financial Statements: Provides additional details on grant agreements, restrictions, and significant accounting policies related to accounting for grant revenue.
Comprehensive disclosure is crucial for transparency and accountability to donors and other stakeholders. This transparency significantly aids in building trust and fostering stronger donor relationships.
6. Internal Controls and Compliance
Strong internal controls are vital to ensure the accuracy and reliability of accounting for grant revenue. These controls should include:
Segregation of duties: Separating authorization, custody, and recording functions.
Authorization procedures: Clear processes for authorizing expenditures related to grant funds.
Reconciliations: Regular reconciliation of bank accounts and grant records.
Audits: Regular audits by independent auditors to assess the effectiveness of internal controls and the accuracy of financial reporting related to accounting for grant revenue.
Effective internal controls minimize the risk of errors and fraud, protecting the organization's reputation and financial resources.
7. Software and Technology for Grant Accounting
Specialized accounting software designed for nonprofits can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of accounting for grant revenue. These systems often provide features for tracking grant awards, managing restrictions, and generating reports that meet regulatory requirements. The use of such software is strongly recommended for organizations receiving significant grant funding.
8. Staying Current with Changes in Accounting Standards
GAAP and regulatory requirements related to accounting for grant revenue are subject to change. Organizations must remain vigilant in staying current with updates and revisions to ensure compliance. Professional development for accounting staff is crucial in maintaining expertise in this ever-evolving field.
Conclusion
Accounting for grant revenue is a complex but crucial aspect of nonprofit financial management. Accurate and compliant accounting requires a strong understanding of GAAP, donor restrictions, and fund accounting principles. By implementing robust internal controls, leveraging technology, and staying current with accounting standards, nonprofits can ensure the effective and transparent management of grant funds, maintaining the trust and confidence of their donors and stakeholders. The principles outlined in this guide provide a foundational understanding for navigating the intricacies of accounting for grant revenue.
FAQs
1. What is the difference between restricted and unrestricted grant funds? Restricted funds have donor-imposed limitations on their use, while unrestricted funds have no such limitations.
2. When should grant revenue be recognized? Grant revenue is recognized when earned and realized or realizable, typically aligning with the completion of performance obligations outlined in the grant agreement.
3. What is fund accounting, and why is it important in grant accounting? Fund accounting segregates funds based on their purpose and restrictions, providing a clear picture of the organization's financial resources and their usage.
4. What are the key internal controls for grant accounting? Segregation of duties, authorization procedures, reconciliations, and regular audits are crucial for accurate and reliable grant accounting.
5. What types of financial statements are impacted by grant accounting? The Statement of Financial Position, Statement of Activities, and the Notes to the Financial Statements all reflect grant revenue and expenses.
6. How can technology assist in grant accounting? Specialized accounting software streamlines processes, improves accuracy, and facilitates reporting related to accounting for grant revenue.
7. What happens if an organization does not comply with grant accounting rules? Non-compliance can lead to audit findings, loss of funding, reputational damage, and potential legal repercussions.
8. Where can I find more information on GAAP for nonprofits? The FASB website and the AICPA's resources for nonprofits are valuable sources of information.
9. Is there a difference in accounting for government grants versus private foundation grants? While both follow GAAP, government grants may have additional compliance requirements depending on the specific grantor and program.
Related Articles:
1. Grant Proposal Budget Development: A guide to creating realistic and comprehensive budgets for grant proposals, which directly influences subsequent accounting for grant revenue.
2. Nonprofit Financial Statement Analysis: A deep dive into interpreting nonprofit financial statements, including the sections related to accounting for grant revenue.
3. Understanding Donor Restrictions in Nonprofit Accounting: A detailed explanation of different types of donor restrictions and their implications on accounting for grant revenue.
4. Internal Controls for Nonprofits: A comprehensive overview of internal controls, emphasizing their role in safeguarding grant funds and maintaining accuracy in accounting for grant revenue.
5. Auditing Nonprofits: A Practical Guide: Insights into the auditing process for nonprofits, highlighting the specific focus on accounting for grant revenue.
6. GAAP for Nonprofits: A Simplified Explanation: A clear and concise overview of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles specifically for nonprofits, touching upon their relevance to accounting for grant revenue.
7. Best Practices in Nonprofit Financial Management: A compendium of best practices, including those related to accounting for grant revenue, enhancing efficiency and transparency.
8. The Role of Technology in Nonprofit Financial Management: An exploration of how technology tools streamline financial processes, impacting the efficiency of accounting for grant revenue.
9. Compliance and Reporting Requirements for Nonprofits: A complete guide to the various compliance and reporting obligations faced by nonprofits, including those specifically related to accounting for grant revenue.
| accounting for grant revenue: FRS 102 , 2015 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Improvements to IFRSs International Accounting Standards Board, 2010 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Interpretation and Application of International Standards on Auditing Steven Collings, 2011-06-01 Written by Steven Collings, winner of Accounting Technician of the Year at the British Accountancy Awards 2011, this book deals with the significant changes auditing has undergone in recent years, due in large part to well-publicised corporate disasters such as Enron and Parmalat, which have shaken the profession. In response, many countries have replaced pre-existing domestic standards with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) in an attempt to ensure that auditors throughout the world apply the same level of standards during all audit assignments, and that audit quality remains consistent on a global basis. International Standards on Auditing are frequently updated to improve and clarify their application throughout the audit and accounting profession. They can be extremely complex and difficult to apply in real life situations. It is essential to apply the standards with sufficient rigor to enable an efficient audit to take place, to satisfy the regulators and ensure that the client receives and audit which is beneficial, cost effective, and which conforms to the prescribed framework; however, auditors are often criticised for failing to do so. Recognising that auditing is not always an exact science, and that in many cases the auditor is called upon to make a judgement in situations open to differing opinions, this book takes a practical and pragmatic approach to following International Standards on Auditing. Steve Collings looks at the full ISAs in their final form, as reissued following the IAASB 'Clarity Project', and give auditors guidance on how to interpret and apply them in real life situations. Each redrafted or rewritten ISA is dealt with in a separate chapter, containing case studies and illustrative examples. The book also covers the regulatory framework of auditing and gives a summary of the five ethical standards applicable to auditors, as mapped by the IAASB. Detailed appendices provide an overview of IFRS and IAS, illustrative audit tests and illustrative financial statements. |
| accounting for grant revenue: FRS 105 Financial Reporting Council (Great Britain), 2022 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Financial Accounting for Local and State School Systems , 1981 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Financial and Accounting Guide for Not-for-Profit Organizations Malvern J. Gross, John H. McCarthy, Nancy E. Shelmon, 2005-05-13 This Seventh Edition is filled with authoritative advice on the financial reporting, accounting, and control situations unique to not-for-profit organizations. It contains discussions of the accounting and reporting guidelines for different types of organizations, complete guidance on tax and compliance reporting requirements, illustrated explanations of various types of acceptable financial statements, and much more! |
| accounting for grant revenue: Accounts and Audit of Limited Liability Partnerships Steve Collings, 2017-02-24 Accounts and Audit of Limited Liability Partnerships gives comprehensive guidance on how to apply UK GAAP to limited liability partnerships and takes readers through all the requirements for LLP accounting as a result of the implementation of FRS 102 and the revised LLP SORP. The book includes sets of pro-forma accounts (in particular in relation to the LLP SORP) for both groups and single LLPs and uses practical tips, worked examples and best practice principles throughout to ensure understanding. Accountants and tax advisers will not only benefit from specialist guidance covering all aspects of an LLP but the book also includes invaluable information on the key company law and taxation issues. Accounts and Audit of Limited Liability Partnerships has been updated to include: The new LLP Regulations; The FRC's Amendments to FRS 105 - Limited Liability Partnerships and Qualifying Partnerships; The revised LLP SORP to reflect amendments to FRS 105; Practical examples and best practice tips written from a real-life perspective; New chapter dedicated to micro-entity LLPs; Pro forma accounts for both groups and single LLPs. |
| accounting for grant revenue: IFRS For Dummies Steven Collings, 2012-03-15 The easy way to get a grip on International Reporting Standards IFRS For Dummies is your complete introduction to IFRS and international accounting and balancing standards. Combining all the facts needed to understand this complex subject with useful examples, this easy-to-read guide will have you on top of IFRS in no time. In plain English, it helps you make sense of IFRS and your understanding of: what they are and where they apply; how to adopt IFRS for the first time; how IFRS affects the key components of your financial statements; how to disclose information in financial statements; and much more. Covers what to do if you're applying IFRS for the first time Explains complicated material in plain English Helps you make sense of this principles-based set of standards that establish broad rules for financial reporting If you're an accountant, student, or trainee in need of accessible information on IFRS, this hands-on, friendly guide has you covered. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Financial Reporting for Unlisted Companies in the UK and Republic of Ireland Paul Gee, Steve Collings, 2013-10-31 This important title guides practitioners through their first implementation of FRSs, 100, 101 and 102. Under these standards, introduced in early 2013, many small to medium sized businesses will be preparing their financial statements under a fundamentally set of rules as the current UK GAAP framework will be withdrawn when the new standards take effect in 2015.The book focuses on explaining the key areas of change for practitioners to focus on and clear guidance on how the new standards should be implemented. This is backed up with extensive examples, sample policy wordings and the use of sample disclosures in each chapter. Unlike some other publications, this title focuses specifically on the areas financial reporting most likely to be encountered by companies who can be classified as falling within the scope of the new standard.Readers will benefit from the approach taken by the authors who have years of combined experience writing for and training in this market.Contents includes: Introduction and Basic Concepts;Financial Statements;Accounting for Assets;Accounting for Liabilities;Accounting for Revenue and Equity;Consolidations;Financial Instruments;Disclosures. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Implementing Accrual Accounting in the Public Sector Ms.Suzanne Flynn, Delphine Moretti, Joe Cavanagh, 2016-09-15 This technical note and manual (TNM) explains what accrual accounting means for the public sector and discusses current trends in moving from cash to accrual accounting. It outlines factors governments should consider in preparing for the move and sequencing of the transition. The note recognizes that governments considering accounting reforms will have different starting points across the public sector, different objectives, and varying coverage of the existing financial statements, it therefore recommends that governments consider each of these, and the materiality of stocks, flows and entities outside of government accounts when planning reforms and design the sequencing and stages involved accordingly. Building on international experiences, the note proposes four possible phases for progressively increasing the financial operations reported in the balance sheet and operating statement, with the ultimate aim of including all institutional units under the effective control of government in fiscal reports. |
| accounting for grant revenue: IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations International Accounting Standards Board, 2004 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Managing Public Money Great Britain. Treasury, 2007 Dated October 2007. The publication is effective from October 2007, when it replaces Government accounting. Annexes to this document may be viewed at www.hm-treasury.gov.uk |
| accounting for grant revenue: Charity Reporting and Accounting Great Britain. Charity Commission, 2009 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Nonprofit Bookkeeping and Accounting For Dummies Sharon Farris, 2009-05-04 Your hands-on guide to keeping great records and keeping your nonprofit running smoothly Need to get your nonprofit books in order? This practical guide has everything you need to know to operate your nonprofit according to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) — from documenting transactions and budgeting to filing taxes, preparing financial statements, and much more. You’ll see how to stay organized, keep records, and be prepared for an audit. Begin with the basics — understand common financial terms, choose your accounting methods, and work with financial statements Balance your nonprofit books — set up a chart of accounts, record transactions, plan your budget, and balance your cash flow Get the 4-1-1 on federal grants — find grants and apply for them, track and account for federal dollars, and prepare for a grant audit Stay in good standing with Uncle Sam — set up payroll accounts for employees, calculate taxes and deductions, and complete tax forms Close out your books — prepare the necessary financial statements, know which accounts to close, and prepare for the next accounting cycle Know what to do if you get audited — form an internal audit committee, follow IRS rules of engagement, and keep an immaculate paper trail Open the book and find: The difference between bookkeeping and accounting How to maintain a manual or computer record-keeping system Ten vital things to know when keeping the books Do’s and don’ts of managing federal grant money How to prepare for an audit of your financial statements IRS Form 990 good practices The most common errors found during nonprofit audits How to figure out employee payroll deductions and taxes |
| accounting for grant revenue: Government financial reporting manual 2010-11 Great Britain: H.M. Treasury, 2010-04-15 Known as FReM. Ring binder available separately (ISBN 9780115601422). Also available with binder (ISBN 9780115601439) |
| accounting for grant revenue: Audit and Accounting Guide AICPA, 2020-08-11 From financial reporting to revenue recognition to grants and contracts to auditor report changes, you have a lot going on in the not-for-profit financial arena right now. Whether you're already an expert in NFP audit and accounting standards or just getting started, this is the practical guidance you need. This must-have resource for nonprofits accounting and auditing professionals is an essential reference that will assist you with the unique aspects of accounting and financial statement preparation and auditing for not-for-profit entities. It will help you with the following Understand and implement recent updates and changes, including those related to financial reporting, revenue recognition, and grants and contracts Gain a full understanding of the accounting issues unique to not-for-profit entities Assist in the implementation of auditor report changes. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Financial Strategy for Public Managers Sharon Kioko, Justin Marlowe, 2017-09-07 Financial Strategy for Public Managers is a new generation textbook for financial management in the public sector. It offers a thorough, applied, and concise introduction to the essential financial concepts and analytical tools that today's effective public servants need to know. It starts at the beginning and assumes no prior knowledge or experience in financial management. Throughout the text, Kioko and Marlowe emphasize how financial information can and should inform every aspect of public sector strategy, from routine procurement decisions to budget preparation to program design to major new policy initiatives. They draw upon dozens of real-world examples, cases, and applied problems to bring that relationship between information and strategy to life. Unlike other public financial management texts, the authors also integrate foundational principles across the government, non-profit, and hybrid/for-benefit sectors. Coverage includes basic principles of accounting and financial reporting, preparing and analyzing financial statements, cost analysis, and the process and politics of budget preparation. The text also includes several large case studies appropriate for class discussion and/or graded assignments. |
| accounting for grant revenue: IFRS 2 International Accounting Standards Board, 2004 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Super PACs Louise I. Gerdes, 2014-05-20 The passage of Citizens United by the Supreme Court in 2010 sparked a renewed debate about campaign spending by large political action committees, or Super PACs. Its ruling said that it is okay for corporations and labor unions to spend as much as they want in advertising and other methods to convince people to vote for or against a candidate. This book provides a wide range of opinions on the issue. Includes primary and secondary sources from a variety of perspectives; eyewitnesses, scientific journals, government officials, and many others. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Pain Management and Regulatory Strategies to Address Prescription Opioid Abuse, 2017-10-28 Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Financial Instruments International Accounting Standards Committee, 2000 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Accounting and Valuation Guide: Assets Acquired to Be Used in Research and Development Activities AICPA, 2016-11-07 This new guide provides guidance and illustrations regarding the initial and subsequent accounting for, valuation of, and disclosures related to acquired intangible assets used in research and development activities (IPR&D assets). This is a valuable resource for preparers of financial statements, auditors, accountants and valuation specialists seeking an advanced understanding of the accounting, valuation, and disclosures related to acquired IPR&D assets. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Wiley CPA Exam Review 2010, Financial Accounting and Reporting Patrick R. Delaney, O. Ray Whittington, 2009-12-02 Everything Today's CPA Candidates Need to Pass the CPA Exam Published annually, this comprehensive four-volume paperback reviews all four parts of the CPA exam. Many of the questions are taken directly from previous CPA exams. With 3,800 multiple choice questions and more than 90 simulations, these study guides provide all the information candidates need to master in order to pass the computerized Uniform CPA Examination. Complete sample exam in financial accounting and reporting The most effective system available to prepare for the CPA exam-proven for over thirty years Timely-up-to-the-minute coverage for the computerized exam. Contains all current AICPA content requirements in auditing and attestation Unique modular format-helps you zero in on areas that need work, organize your study program, and concentrate your efforts Comprehensive questions-over 3,800 multiple-choice questions and their solutions in the four volumes Covers the new simulation-style problems Includes over 90 simulations Guidelines, pointers, and tips-show you how to build knowledge in a logical and reinforcing way Wiley CPA Exam Review 2010 arms test-takers with detailed outlines, study guidelines, and skill-building problems to help candidates identify, focus on, and master the specific topics that need the most work. |
| accounting for grant revenue: IFRS 9 Financial Instruments: International financial reporting standard 9 , 2009 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Off-Balance Sheet Activities Joshua Ronen, Anthony Saunders, Ashwinpaul C. Sondhi, 1990-11-30 The objective of Off-Balance Sheet Activities is to gain insights into, and propose meaningful solutions to, those issues raised by the current proliferation of off-balance sheet transactions. The book has its origins in a New York University conference that focused on this topic. Jointly undertaken by the Vincent C. Ross Institute of Accounting Research and New York University's Salomon Center for the study of Financial Institutions at the Stern School of Business, the conference brought together academic researchers and practitioners in the field of accounting and finance to address the issues with the broad-mindedness requisite of a group whose approaches to solutions are as different from each other as their respectively theoretical and applied approaches to the disciplines of finance and accounting. The essays are divided into two sections. The first covers issues surrounding OBS activities and banking and begins with a brief introduction that places the essays into context. OBS activities and the underinvestment problem, whether loan sales are really OBS, and money demand and OBS liquidity are examined in detail. Section two, which also begins with a brief introduction, focuses on issues of securitized assets and financing. A report on recognition and measurement issues in accounting for securitized assets is followed by three separate discussion essays. Other subjects covered include contract theoretic analysis of OBS financing, the use of OBS financing to circumvent financial covenant restrictions, and debt contracting and financial contracting. The latter two contributions are also followed by discussion essays. This unique collection of papers will prove to be an interesting and valuable tool for accounting and finance professionals as well as for academics involved in these fields. It will also be an important addition to public, college, and university libraries. |
| accounting for grant revenue: The Green Book Great Britain. Treasury, 2003 This new edition incorporates revised guidance from H.M Treasury which is designed to promote efficient policy development and resource allocation across government through the use of a thorough, long-term and analytically robust approach to the appraisal and evaluation of public service projects before significant funds are committed. It is the first edition to have been aided by a consultation process in order to ensure the guidance is clearer and more closely tailored to suit the needs of users. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Accounting for Revenue and Other Financing Sources and Concepts for Reconciling Budgetary and Financial Accounting United States. Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board, 1996 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Financial Accounting and Reporting Barry Elliott, Jamie Elliott, 2011 Financial Accounting and Reporting is the most up to date text on the market. Now fully updated in its fourteenth edition, it includes extensive coverage of International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This market-leading text offers students a clear, well-structured and comprehensive treatment of the subject. Supported by illustrations and exercises, the book provides a strong balance of theoretical and conceptual coverage. Students using this book will gain the knowledge and skills to help them apply current standards, and critically appraise the underlying concepts and financial reporting methods. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Accounting for Tax Subsidies with Special Reference to Cost of Service, Or "fair Rate of Return," Utility Regulation Seymour Fiekowsky, 1979 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Effective Date of IFRS 15 , 2015 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Handbook of Governmental Accounting Frederic Bogui, 2008-12-19 Demystifying a growing and dynamic field, Handbook of Governmental Accounting reflects the increasing complexity of this area, enabling readers to grasp the intricate accounting that is involved as government expenditures multiply and governments engage in progressively complex transactions. Drawing on the expertise of a distinguished group of cont |
| accounting for grant revenue: Accountants' Handbook, Special Industries and Special Topics D. R. Carmichael, Paul H. Rosenfield, 2003-05-13 The premier accounting reference, revised and expanded The Accountants' Handbook series has the longest tradition of any reference of providing comprehensive coverage of the field to both accounting professionals and professionals in other fields who need or desire quick, understandable, and thorough exposure to complex accounting-related subjects. Like its predecessors, the Tenth Edition is designed as a single reference source that provides answers to all reasonable questions on accounting and financial reporting asked by accountants, auditors, bankers, lawyers, financial analysts, and other preparers and users of accounting information. Written by nationally recognized accounting professionals, including partners in major public accounting firms, financial executives, financial analysts, and other relevant business professionals, the Handbook covers both financial accounting and reporting and industry specific accounting issues in separate volumes for easy reference. Its comprehensive content provides analysis on over 43 critical areas of accounting. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Beyond Fundraising Kay Sprinkel Grace, 2005-05-02 Do you or your volunteers fear rejection or feel like a beggar when fundraising? Do you worry about soliciting donors too often? Are you tired of the relentless cycle of fundraising activities necessary to generate revenues for your programs? Beyond Fundraising: New Strategies for Nonprofit Innovation and Investment, Second Edition dispels these concerns and helps you: Learn how to position your organization in the community as a constructive, vital, and successful social investment Develop an investor relationship with donors and engage their values-based commitment capacity to make a difference in their communities In this revised and updated Second Edition, fundraising expert Kay Sprinkel Grace presents her internationally field-tested core beliefs, principles, and strategies for developing long-term relationships with donor-investors and volunteers. Share in the wisdom and experience that have helped countless nonprofit organizations grow their base of support and go beyond fundraising into true donor and fund development. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Government Financial Reporting Manual 2021-22 Great Britain: H.M. Treasury, 2021-11-19 Known as FReM. Supersedes previous edition (ISBN 9780115601651) |
| accounting for grant revenue: A Practical Guide to the Financial Management of NGOs Theunis Keulder, Erika Benz, 2011 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Audits of Property and Liability Insurance Companies , 2000 |
| accounting for grant revenue: Wiley Not-for-Profit GAAP 2009 Richard F. Larkin, 2009-01-27 Wiley Not-for-Profit GAAP annual is a comprehensive accounting and financial reporting guide for use by not-for-profit organizations and their auditors in preparing financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) defines nonprofit organizations as entities that possess the following characteristics not typically found in business enterprises: 1) They receive contributions of significant resources from resource providers who do not expect a commensurate or proportionate monetary return. 2) They operate for purposes other than to make a profit and 3) There is an absence of ownership interests like those of business enterprises. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Wiley GAAP for Governments 2009 Warren Ruppel, 2009-03-03 Governmental GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) consists of all the promulgated accounting principles applicable to financial accounting and reporting for state and local governments. To understand the complexity of the Government Accounting Standards Board (GASB) statements, interpretations, technical bulletins, and certain AICPA statements of position, these pronouncements must be analyzed and explained in straightforward language. This title will serve as a comprehensive, practical research tool for use by governments and their auditors to guide them through governmental accounting and financial reporting. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Wiley Not-for-Profit GAAP 2010 Richard F. Larkin, Marie DiTommaso, 2010-03-08 The most practical, authoritative guide to not-for-profit GAAP Wiley Not-for-Profit GAAP 2010 is a comprehensive, easy-to-use guide to the accounting and financial reporting principles used by not-for-profit organizations. Written with your needs as a financial statement preparer, user, and attestor in mind, this guide provides a complete review of the authoritative accounting literature that impacts all types of not-for-profit organizations. At the same time, Wiley Not-for-Profit GAAP 2010 features many examples and illustrations that will assist you in applying authoritative literature to real-life situations. Easy-to-use information that enables you to find needed information quickly Coverage of accounting principles specifically related to not-for-profit organizations, as well as accounting principles applicable to all types of organizations Specific coverage of accounting issues for different types of not-for-profit organizations A comprehensive disclosure checklist that helps financial statement preparers and attestors ensure that all disclosures required by GAAP have been considered Many examples and illustrations that make putting accounting theory into practice an easy task Wiley Not-for-Profit GAAP 2010 strives to be a thorough, reliable reference that you'll use constantly. It's designed to be kept on your desk rather than on your bookshelf. |
| accounting for grant revenue: Wiley GAAP for Governments 2010 Warren Ruppel, 2010-05-03 The most practical, authoritative guide to governmental GAAP Wiley GAAP for Governments 2010 is a comprehensive guide to the accounting and financial reporting principles used by state and local governments as well as other governmental entities. Designed with the needs of the user in mind, a New Developments chapter keeps you informed of all the important developments in governmental GAAP during the past year. Full coverage of authoritative accounting standards Extremely useful and user-friendly examples, illustrations, and helpful practice hints A comprehensive guide to the accounting and financial reporting principles used by state and local governments as well as other governmental entities Provides a look ahead to the status of current and future Governmental Accounting Standards Board standards and projects Offers information on the very latest in standard-setting activities Wiley GAAP for Governments 2010 is a thorough, reliable reference you'll consistently keep on your desk rather than on your bookshelf. |
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Ashburn, VA Accounting & Bookkeeping Services | 1-800Accountant
Bookkeeping: Build a strong financial foundation for your Ashburn enterprise with precise, reliable bookkeeping. Our service saves you time and provides clear insights to guide your business …
Ashburn Accounting
Ashburn Accounting provides full charge bookkeeping services.
