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# AC Joint Separation Physical Therapy Exercises: A Comprehensive Guide
Author: Dr. Emily Carter, PT, DPT, OCS, SCS
Dr. Emily Carter is a Doctor of Physical Therapy with board certification in orthopedics (OCS) and sports (SCS). She has over 15 years of experience specializing in musculoskeletal rehabilitation, with a particular focus on shoulder injuries, including AC joint separations. Her research and clinical practice have extensively involved the development and implementation of effective AC joint separation physical therapy exercises. Dr. Carter has published numerous peer-reviewed articles on the subject and frequently presents at national physical therapy conferences.
Publisher: American Physical Therapy Association (APTA)
The APTA is the leading professional organization for physical therapists in the United States. Their publications are rigorously reviewed by experts in the field, ensuring accuracy and relevance. The APTA's authority on topics related to physical therapy, including AC joint separation physical therapy exercises, is widely recognized and respected within the medical community.
Editor: Dr. Michael Jones, PT, PhD
Dr. Jones holds a doctorate in Physical Therapy and a PhD in Biomechanics. His expertise in musculoskeletal biomechanics lends significant credibility to the editorial process, ensuring the accuracy and scientific rigor of the information presented regarding AC joint separation physical therapy exercises.
Historical Context of AC Joint Separation Treatment
The understanding and treatment of AC joint separations have evolved significantly over time. Initially, management often focused on immobilization and rest, with a prolonged period of recovery. However, research increasingly demonstrates the benefits of early mobilization and targeted AC joint separation physical therapy exercises. The shift towards active rehabilitation reflects a broader trend in musculoskeletal care emphasizing functional restoration and minimizing long-term disability. This change has been fueled by advancements in our understanding of biomechanics, pain science, and tissue healing.
Early approaches often relied on slings and bracing for extended periods, sometimes leading to stiffness and weakness. The modern approach emphasizes a phased rehabilitation program, beginning with pain management and range-of-motion exercises, gradually progressing to strengthening and proprioceptive training, all critical components of effective AC joint separation physical therapy exercises.
Current Relevance of AC Joint Separation Physical Therapy Exercises
Today, AC joint separation physical therapy exercises form the cornerstone of non-surgical management for most cases. The goals of physical therapy are multifaceted:
Pain Reduction: Early interventions focus on reducing pain and inflammation through modalities like ice, heat, and manual therapy techniques.
Improved Range of Motion: Gentle range-of-motion exercises restore normal shoulder movement, preventing stiffness and improving function.
Strengthening: Targeted exercises strengthen the muscles surrounding the AC joint, providing support and stability. This crucial aspect of AC joint separation physical therapy exercises addresses the underlying biomechanical deficiencies that may contribute to the injury.
Proprioception and Balance: Exercises improving proprioception (body awareness) and balance help restore neuromuscular control, reducing the risk of re-injury.
Functional Restoration: The final phase focuses on returning to daily activities and sports, progressively loading the shoulder to build tolerance and resilience.
The specific AC joint separation physical therapy exercises prescribed will depend on the severity of the separation (grades I-VI) and the individual’s needs and goals.
Types of AC Joint Separation Physical Therapy Exercises
A typical program involves a progression through different phases:
Phase 1: Early Phase (Weeks 1-4)
Pain Management: Ice, heat, ultrasound, and electrical stimulation may be used.
Range of Motion: Pendulum exercises, gentle shoulder shrugs, and active assisted range of motion within pain-free limits.
Isometric Exercises: These exercises involve muscle contractions without movement, minimizing stress on the joint. Examples include isometric shoulder shrugs and external rotation.
Phase 2: Intermediate Phase (Weeks 4-8)
Isotonic Strengthening: Exercises using resistance bands or weights, focusing on scapular stabilization and rotator cuff strengthening. Examples include rows, external rotations, and scapular retractions. These are vital components of a comprehensive AC joint separation physical therapy exercises program.
Range of Motion Progression: More advanced range-of-motion exercises are introduced, progressing towards full shoulder mobility.
Proprioceptive Training: Balance board exercises and other activities challenging balance and coordination.
Phase 3: Advanced Phase (Weeks 8 onwards)
Functional Strengthening: Exercises mimicking daily activities and sports-specific movements.
Plyometrics: Explosive movements focusing on power and agility. This phase of AC joint separation physical therapy exercises aims to prepare the patient for a return to normal activities.
Return to Activity: Gradual return to normal activities and sports, with modifications as needed.
Throughout all phases, proper posture and body mechanics are emphasized, as poor posture can exacerbate AC joint issues. It’s crucial that patients follow their physical therapist’s guidance and only progress to more advanced AC joint separation physical therapy exercises as tolerated.
Summary
Effective AC joint separation physical therapy exercises are crucial for optimal recovery. The approach has shifted from prolonged immobilization to early, active rehabilitation. A phased program focusing on pain management, range of motion, strengthening, proprioception, and functional restoration leads to improved outcomes and reduced risk of recurrence. Careful progression and adherence to the therapist's guidance are essential for successful rehabilitation.
Conclusion
AC joint separation physical therapy exercises are essential for successful recovery from this common injury. A well-structured program, tailored to the individual's needs and the severity of the injury, can significantly reduce pain, improve function, and facilitate a safe return to activity. The ongoing evolution of this treatment approach reflects a commitment to evidence-based practice and a focus on optimizing patient outcomes. Working closely with a qualified physical therapist is crucial to achieving the best possible results.
FAQs
1. How long does AC joint separation physical therapy take? The duration varies depending on the severity of the separation and individual response, typically ranging from several weeks to several months.
2. Can I do AC joint separation exercises at home? Yes, but only after instruction and guidance from a physical therapist. Improper technique can worsen the injury.
3. What are the signs I need to stop AC joint separation exercises? Stop if you experience increased pain, significant swelling, or any other concerning symptoms.
4. What are the risks of not doing physical therapy for an AC joint separation? Failure to rehabilitate properly can lead to chronic pain, decreased range of motion, instability, and a higher risk of re-injury.
5. Are there any specific exercises to avoid with an AC joint separation? Avoid exercises that cause significant pain or stress on the injured joint. Your physical therapist will guide you.
6. Can I use heat or ice for AC joint separation? Both can be beneficial, depending on the stage of healing. Ice is usually preferred initially for inflammation.
7. Will I need surgery for an AC joint separation? Surgery is rarely necessary except in severe cases (grades IV-VI).
8. How can I prevent AC joint separation? Proper warm-up, strengthening exercises, and avoiding high-impact activities can reduce the risk.
9. When can I return to sports after an AC joint separation? Return to sports depends on healing and functional restoration; your physical therapist will determine when it’s safe.
Related Articles
1. "Early Mobilization Strategies for AC Joint Separations": This article focuses on the benefits and techniques of early mobilization in the rehabilitation process.
2. "Scapular Stabilization Exercises for AC Joint Recovery": This article details specific exercises to strengthen the muscles supporting the scapula, crucial for AC joint stability.
3. "The Role of Proprioception in AC Joint Rehabilitation": This article explores the importance of proprioceptive training in restoring neuromuscular control and preventing re-injury.
4. "Manual Therapy Techniques for AC Joint Pain Management": This article discusses various manual therapy techniques used to reduce pain and improve joint mobility.
5. "Advanced Strengthening Exercises for AC Joint Rehabilitation": This article covers advanced exercises used in the later stages of rehabilitation to build strength and power.
6. "Return to Sport Guidelines After AC Joint Separation": This article provides guidelines and considerations for a safe return to sports following an AC joint separation.
7. "Comparing Surgical and Non-surgical Management of AC Joint Separations": This article compares the effectiveness and indications for surgical versus non-surgical treatment.
8. "The Biomechanics of AC Joint Injuries and Rehabilitation": This article delves into the biomechanical factors contributing to AC joint separations and how they inform rehabilitation strategies.
9. "Case Studies: Successful Rehabilitation of AC Joint Separations Using Physical Therapy": This article presents case studies illustrating the successful application of physical therapy in the management of AC joint separations.
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| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: 9 Out of 10 Climbers Make the Same Mistakes Dave MacLeod, 2009-11 9 out of 10 climbers are stuck. They are stuck on the same things. Some of the things that hold climbers back from improving their climbing standard are the same as they were twenty years ago: motivation, managing time, and not being able to analyse and correct their own basic technical or tactical errors. But they are also stuck for a new set of reasons. Twenty years ago, the problem was that no one knew how to train for climbing. Information was scarce and couldn't travel fast among the participants. Today, it's the opposite problem. Book after book lists techniques for climbing, exercises for climbing, tips for climbing. Navigating this barrage of information, filtering out the irrelevant and homing in on what matters to your life, your climbing and your circumstances has been the limiting step for today's climber.--Page 4 of cover. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant Jacqueline Kopack, Karen Cascardi, 2024-06-01 Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant is a textbook that provides PTA educators, students, and practicing clinicians with a guide to the application of therapeutic exercise across the continuum of care. Written by 2 seasoned clinicians with more than 40 years of combined PTA education experience, Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant focuses on developing the learner’s ability to create effective therapeutic exercise programs, as well as to safely and appropriately monitor and progress the patient within the physical therapy plan of care. The content is written in a style conducive to a new learner developing comprehension, while still providing adequate depth as well as access to newer research. Included in Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant are: • Indications, contraindications, and red flags associated with various exercise interventions • Documentation tips • Easy-to-follow tables to aid in understanding comprehensive treatment guidelines across the phases of rehabilitation • Eye on the Research sections throughout the text dedicated to current research and evidence-based practices Also included with the text are online supplemental materials for faculty use in the classroom, consisting of PowerPoint slides and an Instructor’s Manual (complete with review questions and quizzes). Created specifically to meet the educational needs of PTA students, faculty, and clinicians, Principles of Therapeutic Exercise for the Physical Therapist Assistant is an exceptional, up-to-date guidebook that encompasses the principles of therapeutic science across the entire continuum of care. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Play Forever Kevin R. Stone, 2021-12-14 Why are some octogenarians competitive athletes while others struggle to walk up the stairs? It isn't luck. It's orthopaedic science. If you're tired of doctors telling you that an injury will prevent you from playing the sports you enjoy, you'll love Dr. Kevin R. Stone's Play Forever. All great athletes get injured. Only the best of them use those injuries to come back to their sport better-fitter, faster, and stronger than before. Through Dr. Stone's revolutionary approach to sports medicine, you'll discover how injuries can lead to a lifetime of high-performance fitness and athleticism. Learn how the musculoskeletal system can be repaired through cutting-edge therapies, then honed and strengthened through semiannual fitness tests, preseason education and training programs, and regular in-season tune-ups. Backed by scientific outcome studies on orthopaedic treatments and implants, Play Forever will become your go-to health and fitness source, helping you play the sport you love to age 100 and beyond. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Handbook of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Marlis Gonzalez-Fernandez, MD, PhD, Stephen Schaaf, MD, 2021-08-30 Handbook of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation is a concise but broad reference dedicated to the day-to-day needs of those in physiatric practice, including trainees and other clinicians faced with rehabilitation problems. Contributors from leading rehabilitation programs and centers come together in this unique handbook to provide expert guidance into management techniques for a variety of diagnoses and clinical problems. Structured in its approach and focused on clinical care delivery, this essential resource is designed to help practitioners navigate the PM&R landscape with insight into conditions and issues encountered in everyday practice regardless of setting. Designed for on-the-go reference, chapters are organized within sections from A to Z, beginning with management by diagnosis to address topics spanning the spectrum of practice from amputations and prosthetics, cardiac rehabilitation, multiple sclerosis, and stroke to traumatic brain injury plus more. A dedicated section focusing on musculoskeletal management of common injuries throughout the body is followed by reviewing management for a range of problems, including but not limited to anxiety, bladder and bowel, fatigue, infections, pain management, and seizures. A final section evaluates diagnostics, modalities, equipment, and technology to explore topics of EEG, EMG, neuropsychological evaluation, tracheostomy, and more. Throughout, chapters feature core definitions for the disorder or problem, its etiology and pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, treatment methods, functional prognosis and outcomes, and suggested order sets in a systematic manner for targeted access. Complete with flow charts, diagrams, and tables, Handbook of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation is the essential manual to all topics PM&R. Key Features: Addresses management by diagnosis and problem for the full range of physiatric conditions and injuries Portable size and format for quick point-of-care problem-solving Provides inpatient rehabilitation and outpatient clinic order sets for the most common diagnoses Loaded with need-to-know assessment and rating scales, practice guidelines, and more |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Therapeutic Taping for Musculoskeletal Conditions Maria Constantinou, Mark Brown, 2010 Aims to provide a scientific context and a practical approach to a variety of taping techniques for musculoskeletal conditions that can be used by physical and sports therapists and others as an adjunct to other therapy and treatment techniques. Constantinou, Griffith University; Brown, Bond University, Australia. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Rebuilding Milo Aaron Horschig, 2021-01-19 Every athlete who spends time in the weight room eventually deals with pain/injury that leaves them frustrated and unable to reach their highest potential. Every athlete ought to have the ability to take the first steps at addressing these minor injuries. They shouldn’t have to wait weeks for a doctor’s appointment, only to be prescribed pain medications and told to “take two weeks off lifting” or, even worse, to “stop lifting so heavy.” Dr. Aaron Horschig knows your pain and frustration. He’s been there. For over a decade, Dr. Horschig has been a competitive weightlifter, and he understands how discouraging it is to tweak your back three weeks out from a huge weightlifting competition, to have knee pain limit your ability to squat heavy for weeks, and to suffer from chronic shoulder issues that keep you from reaching your goals. Rebuilding Milo is the culmination of Dr. Horschig’s life’s work as a sports physical therapist, certified strength and conditioning specialist, and Olympic weightlifting coach. It contains all of the knowledge he has amassed over the past decade while helping some of the best athletes in the world. Now he wants to share that knowledge with you. This book, designed by a strength athlete for anyone who spends time in the weight room, is the solution to your struggles with injury and pain. It walks you through simple tests and screens to uncover the movement problem at the root of your pain. After discovering the cause of your injury, you’ll be able to create an individualized rehab program as laid out in this book. Finally, you’ll be on the right path to eliminate your pain and return to the activities you love. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Physical Examination of the Shoulder Ryan J. Warth, Peter J. Millett, 2015-06-24 This text presents a comprehensive and concise evidence-based and differential-based approach to physical examination of the shoulder in a manner that promotes its successful application in clinical practice. Additionally, this book provides an integrated approach to the diagnosis of numerous shoulder pathologies by combining discussions of pathoanatomy and the interpretation of physical examination techniques and was written for any health care professional or student who may be required to evaluate patients who present with shoulder pain. This information will allow the clinician to make informed decisions regarding further testing procedures, imaging and potential therapeutic options. Physical Examination of the Shoulder will serve as an invaluable resource for practicing orthopedic surgeons, sports medicine specialists, physical therapists, residents in training and medical students interested in the field of clinical orthopedics. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Science, Theory and Clinical Application in Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapy: Applied Science and Theory Ola Grimsby, Jim Rivard, 2008-09-16 This long awaited textbook from The Ola Grimsby Institute provides decades of clinical experience and reasoning, with both historical and current evidence, with rationale for both passive and active treatments in orthopaedic manual therapy. Practical guidelines for joint mobilization and exercise rehabilitation are presented with this logical and exciting work. Incorporating experience and science, this book provides new approaches and treatment principles to make what you already do more effective. Extensive Content: Over 535 pages and 275 illustrations, photographs and tables Ola Grimsby and his co-authors have compiled a significant resource for the practicing physical therapist, manual therapist or osteopath. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Shoulder Reconstruction Charles S. Neer, 1990 Here's the definitive description of shoulder reconstruction by the surgeon who pioneered most of the techniques. Discusses such common clinical problems as cuff tears, bicep lesions, and impingement. Provides background and technique for glenohumeral arthroplasty, including pathology and special technical problems. Develops the modern classification and approach to treatment of proximal humeral fractures. Illustrated throughout with original artwork by renowned medical artist, Robert J. Demarest. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Rotator Cuff Disorders Wayne Z. Burkhead, 1996 A text on the rotator cuff, with nine chapters written by Burkhead himself, and the remaining 24 chapters contributed by nationally and internationally recognized physicians and shoulder surgeons. The volume contains seven sections: history of cuff repair (1 chapter); basic science and the rotator cuff (3 chapters); evaluation and classification of cuff lesions (3 chapters); clinical disorders (10 chapters); conservative treatment of cuff defects and impingement syndrome (2 chapters); arthroscopic management of rotator cuff disease (1 chapter); and surgical management of massive cuff tears and degeneration (13 chapters). Thoroughly illustrated in bandw, with extensive chapter references. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Frozen Shoulder Workbook Clair Davies, 2006 From the renowned author of the best-selling Trigger Point Therapy Workbook comes this first-ever book of self-care techniques for frozen shoulder, a very common painful and mobility-restricting condition. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Mechanics, Pathomechanics and Injury in the Overhead Athlete W. Ben Kibler, Aaron D. Sciascia, 2019-05-07 As clinical interest in overhead athletic injuries is on the upswing, so is greater interest in the factors for performance and injury risk in throwing and other overhead motion. This practical, case-based text is divided into two sections and will present the basic principles of overhead athletes followed by unique clinical case presentations describing different aspects of performance, injury and management in throwing and other overhead athletes. Part I discusses the mechanics and pathomechanics of the overhead motion, along with principles of evaluation, the physical exam, surgical management of both the shoulder and elbow, rehabilitation and return to play, injury risk modification, and the role of the scapula. Unique clinical cases comprise all of part II and follow a consistent format covering the history, exam, imaging, diagnosis and outcome of the chosen intervention. These cases illustrate a cross-section of sports and activities, from the baseball player to the swimmer, and a range of shoulder and elbow problems in pediatric and adult overhead athletes Providing a unique case-based approach to a growing hot topic, Mechanics, Pathomechanics and Injury in the Overhead Athlete is an ideal resource for orthopedic surgeons, sports medicine specialists, physiatrists, physical therapists, certified athletic trainers and allied medical professions treating active persons of all ages. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Shoulder Instability William Levine, 2009 Helps to improve your care and management of the unstable shoulder. This title discusses arthroscopic management of the unstable shoulder, highlighting technical advances that have helped improve patient outcomes. It also helps to gain insight on the contraindications to arthroscopic instability and on open instability repairs. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Shoulder Arthroplasty Gazi Huri, Filippo Familiari, Young Lae Moon, Mahmut Nedim Doral, Giulio Maria Marcheggiani Muccioli, 2019-10-10 This book describes and evaluates techniques and devices used in shoulder arthroplasty with a view to enabling readers to improve their surgical practice. After an opening section on basic knowledge, including surgical anatomy, key issues in total shoulder arthroplasty and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) are considered in detail. Among the topics covered are biomechanics, cemented versus cementless humeral fixation, the comparative merits of humeral components featuring short stem and stemless designs and of pegged and keeled glenoid components, the influence of humeral inclination in RTSA, and the avoidance and management of unstable RTSA. An entire section is then devoted to the description and illustration of valuable surgical tips and tricks. Arthroplasty for acute proximal humerus fractures is considered separately, again addressing important aspects of technique and current controversies. The book is an outcome of a workshop held by the international Shoulder Club, formed at Hacettepe University in Ankara in 2015 with the aim of bringing together leading authorities in the field and young orthopedic surgeons and students from across the world in order to disseminate expertise and exchange ideas. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Operative Techniques: Shoulder and Elbow Surgery E-BOOK Donald Lee, Robert J. Neviaser, 2011-06-09 Shoulder and Elbow Surgery—a title in the Operative Techniques series—offers you the step-by-step guidance you need—on SLAP reconstruction, total shoulder arthroplasty, humerus fractures, and more—from experts Donald Lee and Robert Neviaser. Perform all of the latest and best techniques in this specialty thanks to large, full-color intraoperative photos, detailed illustrations, and a dedicated website. Access the fully searchable text online at www.operativetechniques.com, along with an image library, surgical videos, and reference links. Refine the quality of your technique and learn the expert’s approach to getting the best results thanks to pearls and pitfalls and an emphasis on optimizing outcomes. Master every procedure with step-by-step instructions on positioning, exposures, instrumentation, and implants. Provide comprehensive care for your patients through discussions of post-operative care and expected outcomes, including potential complications and brief notes on controversies and supporting evidence. See every detail with clarity using color photos and illustrations that highlight key anatomies and diagrams that present cases as they appear in real life. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Sports Medicine for the Emergency Physician Anna L. Waterbrook, 2016-04-25 Written by sports-trained emergency physicians Sports Medicine for the Emergency Physician: A Practical Handbook is the only resource of its kind, created specifically for the emergency medicine provider. It is designed to be used as a reference tool, and includes high-yield physical exam skills and key management of sport injuries in the emergency department. Each chapter is dedicated to a specific joint (or joints) and includes the basics of a high-yield physical examination including inspection, palpation, range of motion, special tests, as well as neurovascular and skin exams. Corresponding figures of essential anatomy, pictures of physical exam maneuvers, and clinical correlations are also featured. Emergent and common musculoskeletal conditions for each joint(s) are discussed, as well as the appropriate emergency department management for each condition. Additional chapter topics include sports concussions, sports cardiology, heat illness, and common splints used in the emergency department. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Lippincott's Primary Care Musculoskeletal Radiology George M. Bridgeforth, 2012-03-28 This book helps family practitioners, internists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants identify and diagnose patient injuries based on the radiologic findings most seen in the office setting. The book emphasizes what tests to order when and shows side by side images of what is normal and what is abnormal. Each chapter follows a consistent format: Clinical Presentation, Mechanism of Injury, Patient Assessment, What to Order, Not to Be Missed, Radiographic Evaluation, Treatment, and When to Refer. An anatomical wall chart for the office is also included. A companion website includes fully searchable text, an image bank, and patient education handouts. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Fundamental Orthopedic Management for the Physical Therapist Assistant - E-Book Robert C. Manske, 2021-07-15 - NEW! Updated content and references are added throughout the book to reflect changes in practice patterns. - NEW! Expanded full-color illustrations add clarity to anatomy and procedural drawings and make it easier to learn important concepts - NEW! Updated chapter summaries highlight essential, need-to-know information. - NEW! Updated educator and student resources on the Evolve website provide tools to make teaching and learning easier. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Dry Needling for Manual Therapists Giles Gyer, Jimmy Michael, Ben Tolson, 2016-01-21 Designed to be a go-to reference for assessment and treatment planning in the clinic, this is a clear and concise handbook for students and practitioners of dry needling, or medical acupuncture. It includes: · Comprehensive medical illustrations demonstrating trigger point locations and associated pain referral patterns · Easy-to-follow instructions and photographs demonstrating musculoskeletal dry needling points and electroacupuncture techniques · Dedicated section on the acupuncture treatment of tendinopathy · Vital information on palpation and correct needling techniques · Practical guidance on best practice, safety and treatment planning · Overviews of the history and key principles of Traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture · Up-to-date research on the effect of acupuncture in the treatment of MSK conditions, myofascial pain, trigger points (MTrPS), fascia and pain. The book will be an essential aid for osteopaths, physiotherapists, sports rehabilitators, chiropractors, massage therapists, as well as traditional acupuncturists wishing to understand a Western approach on acupuncture. Other health professionals incorporating, or looking to incorporate dry needling into their treatment programme, will also find this book an invaluable resource. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Acromioclavicular, Clavicle, and Sternoclavicular Injuries in Athletes, An Issue of Clinics in Sports Medicine, E-Book Katherine J. Coyner, 2023-09-21 In this issue, guest editors bring their considerable expertise to this important topic.Provides in-depth reviews on the latest updates in the field, providing actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: A Case-Based Approach to Shoulder Pain Jasmin Harounian, Grant Cooper, Joseph E. Herrera, Scott Curtis, 2022-12-28 Shoulder pain is one of the most common reasons for patient visits to orthopedic, physiatrist, primary care and sports medicine offices. Most books that cover this topic review it as a chapter within a larger book on orthopedics as a whole, or they focus on one specific aspect of shoulder pathology, such as osteoarthritis. This practical text is an evidence-based, user-friendly review of the literature for the breadth of shoulder pathologies that present to the busy practitioner. Opening with a review of the relevant anatomy, subsequent chapters discuss injuries to the rotator cuff, biceps tendonitis, labral tears, adhesive capsulitis, and osteoarthritis. Additional chapters cover shoulder pain in the pediatric patient, sports trauma and fractures, and medical causes of shoulder pain. And while reviewing pathology and its diagnosis and treatment is important, proceeding through real case studies is extremely valuable in bringing the diagnosis and treatment of shoulder pathologies to life, hence an engaging section of clinical case material rounds out the presentation. Taken together, A Case-Based Approach to Shoulder Pain will be an ideal resource for musculoskeletal medicine practitioners of all types. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Shoulder Instability Across the Life Span Andreas B. Imhoff, Felix H. Savoie III, 2017-05-06 This book outlines the consensus findings of the ISAKOS Upper Extremity Committee regarding the treatment options for patients suffering from shoulder instability. The aim is to furnish readers with a precise knowledge of the presenting features of conditions typical of different ages, thereby facilitating assessment of patient characteristics and optimal treatment decision making based on the consensus of the Committee. All age groups are covered, from the very young through to the older patient. The structuring of the book essentially according to age group reflects the fact that certain forms of shoulder instability are observed at different ages. For example, while young patients tend to demonstrate instability combined with hyperlaxity, in later years, bony defects of the glenoid and humerus gain in importance. Similarly, the scope for conservative treatment varies across the life span. Each management-oriented chapter of the book includes information and guidance on anatomy, clinical examination, imaging, surgical indications and technique, rehabilitation, outcomes, and complications and their avoidance, and the text is supported by numerous high-quality illustrations. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Office Orthopedics for Primary Care: Treatment Bruce Carl Anderson, 2005-09-26 The revised and expanded 3rd Edition of this widely popular text provides proven how-to guidance for the management of 52 of the most common musculoskeletal disorders seen in today's clinical settings, including strains, sprains, overuse injuries, and inflammatory and arthritic conditions. It explains each problem, how a typical patient describes the discomfort, what to look for during the examination, when to request X-rays, and how to draw a sound diagnosis from clinical observations. The text features updated tables of supports, braces, and casts that make it easy to choose the most efficient and cost-effective immobilizers. Features the expertise of Dr. Bruce Carl Anderson, a world authority on orthopedic practice in primary care. Presents straightforward, proven how-tos for the 52 most common orthopedic problems-20 new to this edition. Offers detailed descriptions and simple but effective anatomical drawings that demonstrate the 37 most effective local injection sites. Features 30 ready-to-copy patient information sheets that show patients how to do rehabilitation exercises. Includes many at-a-glance tables that compare dosages * outline costs * detail the uses of injectable corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and calcium supplements * and show supports, braces, and casts. Covers new treatments that have become more common in recent years, such as treatment for geriatric patients and exercise-related injuries. Features expanded patient education content, including more patient handouts than ever. Includes 100 new anatomical drawings. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Primary Care for the Physical Therapist William R. Vanwye, William G. Boissonnault, 2020-01-01 - NEW! Updated content throughout the text reflects the current state of primary care and physical therapy practice. - NEW! New chapter on electrodiagnostic testing helps familiarize physical therapists with indications for electrodiagnostic testing and implications of test results to their clinical decision-making. - NEW! New chapter on patients with a history of trauma emphasizes the red flags that physical therapists need to recognize for timely patient referral for appropriate tests. - NEW! Updated information on how to screen and examine the healthy population enhances understanding of the foundations of practice and the role that physical therapists can fill in primary care models. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Proximal Humerus Fractures Lynn A. Crosby, Robert J. Neviaser, 2014-10-28 Proximal Humerus Fractures includes everything the orthopedic surgeon needs to know about the clinical management of these common shoulder injuries. Although non-operative treatment techniques are addressed and can be used in less severe circumstances, this book focuses mainly on the current operative treatment techniques for proximal humerus and tuberosity fractures, malunions and nonunions, including open reduction, percutaneous pinning, locking plate and intramedullary nail fixation, and humeral head hemiarthroplasty and reverse shoulder arthroplasty. A chapter on complications associated with these types of fractures and their management is also included. Dedicated to a common musculoskeletal injury, especially in athletes and the elderly suffering from osteoporosis, Proximal Humerus Fractures will be a valuable resource to all orthopedic surgeons and practitioners of sports medicine. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Families Caring for an Aging America National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Family Caregiving for Older Adults, 2016-12-08 Family caregiving affects millions of Americans every day, in all walks of life. At least 17.7 million individuals in the United States are caregivers of an older adult with a health or functional limitation. The nation's family caregivers provide the lion's share of long-term care for our older adult population. They are also central to older adults' access to and receipt of health care and community-based social services. Yet the need to recognize and support caregivers is among the least appreciated challenges facing the aging U.S. population. Families Caring for an Aging America examines the prevalence and nature of family caregiving of older adults and the available evidence on the effectiveness of programs, supports, and other interventions designed to support family caregivers. This report also assesses and recommends policies to address the needs of family caregivers and to minimize the barriers that they encounter in trying to meet the needs of older adults. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Normal and Pathological Anatomy of the Shoulder Gregory I. Bain, Eiji Itoi, Giovanni Di Giacomo, Hiroyuki Sugaya, 2015-05-05 This cutting-edge monograph on advanced clinical anatomy and pathoanatomy of the shoulder, written by the world’s leading authors, reflects recent significant advances in understanding of anatomy and pathology. It is beautifully illustrated with exquisite photographs of anatomical specimens, and images from arthroscopy, histology, and radiology complete the picture. The accompanying text brings out the clinical, biomechanical, and functional relevance and focuses on aspects important to the high-performance athlete. In addition, the book closely assesses how each component of the normal anatomy responds to trauma, disease, and degeneration. The finer points of the pathoanatomy are demonstrated with clinical cases, histology, radiology, arthroscopy, and open surgery. The text details how the pathoanatomy affects the patient presentation, clinical examination, and imaging. It is also explained how the pathology affects the natural history and the outcome of physical therapy and influences recommendations for surgical treatments. This book will be of immense value both to trainees and to specialists who manage disorders of the shoulder, including orthopedic surgeons, sports physicians, and physiotherapists. It will also be of great interest to anatomists and pathologists. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Physical Therapist Assistant Exam Review Guide Mark Dutton, 2011-05-11 Begin the task of studying for the National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) for Physical Therapist Assistants (PTAs) by concentrating on those subject areas where you need the most help! Physical Therapist Assistant Exam Review Guide includes a bound-in online access code for JB TestPrep: PTA Exam Review. Both resources provide thorough exam preparation help for physical therapist assistant candidates preparing to sit for the certification exam.Physical Therapist Assistant Exam Review Guide incorporates thorough overviews of exam content consistent with the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice and the NPTE for PTAs detailing the fundamentals of the profession, the body's systems, and therapeutic procedures, and providing dedicated chapters on pediatrics, geriatrics, and pharmacology. Study questions in each chapter test reader comprehension; Key Points boxes highlight important information throughout; and tables and figures provide visual points of reference for learners. JB TestPrep: PTA Exam Review is a dynamic, web-based program includes interactive exam-style questions with instant feedback providing answers and explanations for review and study. Test-takers can also complete a full final exam and browse their results, including a performance analysis summary that highlights which topics require further study. All exam results are saved for later viewing to track progress and improvement.KEY FEATURES* Presents detailed content overviews consistent with the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice and the NPTE content* Includes basic, helpful information on taking the NPTE for PTAs* Contains the latest AHA CPR guidelines* Provides a variety of exam-style questions with answers and explanations * Gives instant feedback to sample exams in the online programAppendices Include: Guide For Conduct of the Physical Therapist Assistant; Standards of Ethical Conduct for the Physical Therapist Assistant; Standards of Practice for Physical Therapy; The 24-hour Clock; and Units of International MeasureBy the time you are done with the Physical Therapist Assistant Exam Review Guide and JB TestPrep: PTA Exam Review, you will feel confident and prepared to complete the final step in the certification process--passing the examination! |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Sports Injuries of the Shoulder Lennard Funk, Mike Walton, Adam Watts, Michael Hayton, Chye Yew Ng, 2019-10-29 This book provides a practical guide detailing the aetiology, diagnosis, relevant pathology, management principles, and outcomes of a variety of injuries to the shoulder including rotator cuff disorders, glenoid bone loss, and pectoralis major ruptures in both elite and non-elite athletes. Each chapter features clinical pearls and a question and answer section to emphasize key points. Sports Injuries of the Shoulder is an essential book for those seeking an up-to-date resource. It is aimed at sports doctors and musculoskeletal doctors; senior orthopedic trainees with an interest in upper limb and those preparing for the FRCSOrth exam and similar international exams, as well as surgeons with a particular interest in shoulder conditions. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Clinical Pathways in Stroke Rehabilitation Thomas Platz, 2021-01-14 This open access book focuses on practical clinical problems that are frequently encountered in stroke rehabilitation. Consequences of diseases, e.g. impairments and activity limitations, are addressed in rehabilitation with the overall goal to reduce disability and promote participation. Based on the available best external evidence, clinical pathways are described for stroke rehabilitation bridging the gap between clinical evidence and clinical decision-making. The clinical pathways answer the questions which rehabilitation treatment options are beneficial to overcome specific impairment constellations and activity limitations and are well acceptable to stroke survivors, as well as when and in which settings to provide rehabilitation over the course of recovery post stroke. Each chapter starts with a description of the clinical problem encountered. This is followed by a systematic, but concise review of the evidence (RCTs, systematic reviews and meta-analyses) that is relevant for clinical decision-making, and comments on assessment, therapy (training, technology, medication), and the use of technical aids as appropriate. Based on these summaries, clinical algorithms / pathways are provided and the main clinical-decision situations are portrayed. The book is invaluable for all neurorehabilitation team members, clinicians, nurses, and therapists in neurology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and related fields. It is a World Federation for NeuroRehabilitation (WFNR) educational initiative, bridging the gap between the rapidly expanding clinical research in stroke rehabilitation and clinical practice across societies and continents. It can be used for both clinical decision-making for individuals and as well as clinical background knowledge for stroke rehabilitation service development initiatives. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Kinesiology Carol A. Oatis, 2009 The Second Edition of Kinesiology: The Mechanics and Pathomechanics of Human Movement relates the most current understanding of anatomy and mechanics with clinical practice concerns. Featuring seven chapters devoted to biomechanics, straightforward writing, and over 900 beautiful illustrations, the text provides you with detailed coverage of the structure, function, and kinesiology of each body region. You will gain an in-depth understanding of the relationship between the quality of movement and overall human health. Special features include: New DVD containing about 150 videos provides dynamic examples of clinical demonstrations, principle illustrations, and lab activities. This powerful resource explores patient function, dysfunction, and injury for greater comprehension. Clinical Relevance Boxes reinforce the relationship of biomechanical principles to patient care through real-life case studies. Muscle Attachment Boxes provide easily accessed anatomical information and tips on muscle palpation Examining the Forces Boxes highlight the advanced mathematical concepts used to determine forces on joint structure. Evidence-based presentations deliver the most current literature and essential classic studies for your understanding of musculoskeletal structure and function. Whether you are a student or practitioner in the field of physical therapy, occupational therapy, or exercise science, this comprehensive book serves as an excellent resource for best practice techniques. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Deepak K. Kalaskar, Peter E M Butler, Shadi Ghali, 2016-08-02 Written by experts from London’s renowned Royal Free Hospital, Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery offers a comprehensive overview of the vast topic of reconstructive plastic surgery and its various subspecialties for introductory plastic surgery and surgical science courses. The book comprises five sections covering the fundamental principles of plastic surgery, cancer, burns and trauma, paediatric plastic surgery and aesthetic surgery, and covers the breadth of knowledge that students need to further their career in this exciting field. Additional coverage of areas in which reconstructive surgery techniques are called upon includes abdominal wall reconstruction, ear reconstruction and genital reconstruction. A chapter on aesthetic surgery includes facial aesthetic surgery and blepharoplasty, aesthetic breast surgery, body contouring and the evolution of hair transplantation.The broad scope of this volume and attention to often neglected specialisms such as military plastic surgery make this a unique contribution to the field. Heavily illustrated throughout, Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery is essential reading for anyone interested in furthering their knowledge of this exciting field. This book was produced as part of JISC's Institution as e-Textbook Publisher project. Find out more at https://www.jisc.ac.uk/rd/projects/institution-as-e-textbook-publisher |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Shoulder Arthroscopy Giuseppe Milano, Andrea Grasso, 2013-12-16 Shoulder Arthroscopy – Principles and Practice is a comprehensive and fully up-to-date work covering all major shoulder problems and related arthroscopic treatments. Two sections on basic science and principles of shoulder arthroscopy will provide essential information to build primary knowledge on shoulder arthroscopy issues. Shoulder problems and related treatments will be described according to a learning pathway, which will allow the readers to improve their knowledge and skills in shoulder arthroscopy from simple, standardized techniques to more complex and advanced procedures. All chapters will be written by expert arthroscopic surgeons who will provide decision-making algorithms for diagnosis and treatment of shoulder disorders, step-by step-instructions on arthroscopic techniques, and technical “tips & pearls” on how they would perform the procedure. Dedicated section on outcome measurements will help readers in learning principles of outcome research on the topics of the book. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Primary Care for the Physical Therapist - E-Book William G. Boissonnault, 2010-08-31 - New information enhances your understanding of the foundations of practice and how to screen and examine the healthy population. - Content is reorganized and updated to reflect the current state of PT practice. - Companion Evolve resources website enables you to independently review techniques from the text. - Top 10 Medical Conditions to Screen For chapter details conditions that have major significance in incidence, mortality, and morbidity all in one place. - Separate chapters on upper and lower quarter screening and a new chapter on symptom investigation by symptom help you screen medical conditions more effectively. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Textbook of Shoulder Surgery Ian A. Trail, Lennard Funk, Amar Rangan, Matthew Nixon, 2019-02-26 This textbook provides the most up-to-date information on shoulder surgery along with practical approaches for patient evaluation and treatments options. The book is divided into key sections, providing coverage on Soft Tissue Disorders of the Shoulder, Arthritis of the Shoulder, The Paediatric Shoulder and other miscellaneous topics relevant to treating this area. Its strong clinical focus will help residents and medical students to manage patients in a practical way, based on the most recent scientific evidence and the most effective surgical and non-surgical techniques. Thus, it will become a valuable reference and resource for young doctors and students looking to increase their professional skills and knowledge when treating shoulder injuries and disorders in clinical practice. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: The Unstable Shoulder Russell F. Warren, Edward V. Craig, David Altchek, 1999 Featuring over 500 illustrations--143 in full color--this volume provides definitive guidance on evaluation, repair, and rehabilitation of shoulder instability. Leading experts describe today's most successful surgical and nonsurgical approaches to acute dislocations; recurrent instability; multidirectional instability; instability in throwing athletes; fracture dislocations; dislocations associated with rotator cuff tears; instability following prosthetic arthroplasty; and many other conditions. The comprehensive coverage includes pertinent anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology; diagnostic studies; open and arthroscopic surgical procedures; and innovative techniques such as heat shrinkage of collagen. The contributors guide the clinician through every phase of patient management, from initial presentation to long-term rehabilitation. Their practical advice will help the reader conduct a thorough clinical examination; establish the differential based on the cause of injury; select appropriate diagnostic imaging studies; fine-tune surgical and nonsurgical interventions according to each patient's unique circumstances; and prevent and manage complications. The illustrations include surgical figures, diagrams, radiographs, and endoscopic images. |
| ac joint separation physical therapy exercises: Orthopedic Imaging Adam Greenspan, 2011-12-07 Featuring over 4,000 large-size illustrations and unique, effective pedagogy, the Fifth Edition of Dr. Greenspan's best-seller is the ideal teaching text on musculoskeletal imaging for radiologists and orthopedists at every level of training. Orthopedic Imaging: A Practical Approach covers all orthopedic problems and imaging modalities and offers indispensable guidance on selecting cost-effective imaging techniques. The Fifth Edition has a new full-color design, with colorized tables and schematics and full-color illustrations including PET-CT. All conventional tomography has been replaced by CT. Coverage of MRI—the scan of choice for more clinical situations than ever—has been greatly expanded, especially in areas related to arthritis. More three-dimensional CT scans have been added, particularly to areas covering trauma. Musculoskeletal ultrasound coverage has been increased. Practical Points to Remember appear at the end of each chapter to outline salient points. A companion website will offer the fully searchable text and images. |
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【动画剧集.1080P】進撃の巨人第二季/进击的巨人第二季 (2017)
自从人类的和平被超大型巨人打破的那天起，艾伦·耶格尔便每天持续着没有尽头的战斗...因为眼睁睁看着母亲被巨人撕裂，艾伦发誓要将世间的巨人一只不留地杀灭。
