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A Deep Dive into Addition and Subtraction Word Problems: From Ancient Civilizations to Modern Classrooms
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, Professor of Mathematics Education, University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Reed has over 20 years of experience researching mathematical pedagogy, with a particular focus on elementary school mathematics and the development of problem-solving skills. Her work has been published in numerous peer-reviewed journals and she is a frequent presenter at national and international conferences on mathematics education.
Keywords: addition and subtraction word problems, problem-solving, mathematical literacy, elementary mathematics, word problem strategies, mathematical reasoning, early childhood education, teaching mathematics.
1. Introduction: The Enduring Significance of Addition and Subtraction Word Problems
The seemingly simple addition and subtraction word problem holds a surprisingly complex and significant place in the history of mathematics and continues to be a cornerstone of elementary education. This article delves into the historical context of these problems, their evolving role in curricula, and the various pedagogical approaches used to teach children how to effectively solve them. We will explore the cognitive challenges these problems present, the importance of developing robust problem-solving strategies, and the ongoing research into improving students' understanding and proficiency. The addition and subtraction word problem, while seemingly basic, serves as a vital stepping stone towards more advanced mathematical concepts and critical thinking skills.
2. A Historical Perspective: Addition and Subtraction Word Problems Through the Ages
The earliest forms of addition and subtraction word problems can be traced back to ancient civilizations. Egyptian papyri and Babylonian clay tablets contain examples of practical problems involving the distribution of goods, land measurement, and taxation – all requiring basic addition and subtraction. These early problems were often embedded in real-world scenarios, reflecting the immediate needs and contexts of the societies that created them. The Rhind Papyrus, for instance, showcases numerous problems involving calculations related to daily life, subtly introducing students to the principles of addition and subtraction word problems.
The Greeks, particularly during the time of Euclid, further developed the field of mathematics, albeit with a stronger emphasis on geometrical proofs. However, the underlying principles of addition and subtraction remained integral to their mathematical reasoning. The Romans, too, utilized these operations in their extensive system of accounting and administration.
The development of modern mathematical notation and algorithms significantly impacted how addition and subtraction word problems were presented and solved. The move towards standardized symbolic representation allowed for a more systematic and efficient approach to problem-solving, paving the way for the structured teaching methods used today. However, the core challenge—translating word problems into mathematical expressions—remained consistent throughout history.
3. The Cognitive Demands of Addition and Subtraction Word Problems
Solving addition and subtraction word problems involves more than just knowing the procedures for adding and subtracting numbers. It requires a complex interplay of cognitive skills, including:
Reading Comprehension: Students must accurately understand the text of the problem, identifying key information and discarding irrelevant details.
Semantic Understanding: They need to grasp the meaning of mathematical terms and concepts embedded within the problem's narrative.
Problem Representation: This crucial step involves translating the words into a mathematical model, choosing the appropriate operation (addition or subtraction) and assigning variables to represent the unknown quantities.
Calculation: Finally, students must perform the necessary calculation to arrive at the solution.
Verification: A critical final step is checking the solution to ensure it makes sense within the context of the problem.
Difficulties arise when students struggle with any of these stages. For example, a student might understand the numerical operations but fail to accurately interpret the word problem's narrative, leading to incorrect equation formulation.
4. Pedagogical Approaches to Teaching Addition and Subtraction Word Problems
Effective teaching of addition and subtraction word problems emphasizes a multi-faceted approach:
Concrete Manipulatives: Using objects like counters or blocks allows young learners to physically represent the problem and visualize the operations involved.
Visual Representations: Diagrams, drawings, and number lines provide a visual bridge between the abstract language of the problem and the mathematical operations.
Storytelling and Real-World Connections: Presenting problems in relatable contexts helps students make sense of the problem's meaning and connect abstract mathematical concepts to their lived experiences.
Explicit Instruction in Problem-Solving Strategies: Teaching students structured strategies, such as keyword analysis (although this can be misleading), drawing diagrams, or using tables, can enhance their ability to systematically approach word problems.
Collaborative Learning and Discussion: Group work fosters communication and allows students to share different problem-solving approaches and learn from each other.
The key is to move gradually from concrete representations to more abstract symbolic representations, ensuring that students develop a deep understanding of the underlying concepts.
5. Current Relevance and Future Directions
The ability to solve addition and subtraction word problems remains a crucial skill, forming the foundation for more complex mathematical reasoning and problem-solving in later years. These problems are not just about calculating numbers; they are about developing critical thinking skills, logical reasoning, and the ability to translate real-world situations into mathematical models. This is essential for success in various fields, from science and engineering to finance and everyday life.
Future research should focus on:
Developing more effective diagnostic tools: These tools can help teachers identify the specific difficulties students face when solving addition and subtraction word problems, allowing for targeted interventions.
Creating more inclusive teaching methods: Addressing the diverse learning styles and needs of all students is crucial for ensuring that all students achieve mathematical proficiency.
Exploring the role of technology: Educational software and interactive learning tools can enhance engagement and provide personalized feedback, supporting students' learning in dynamic ways.
Addressing the misconception of keyword reliance: Moving away from teaching keyword-based strategies towards a deeper understanding of the relationships within the problem is paramount.
The addition and subtraction word problem, despite its apparent simplicity, continues to challenge and engage researchers and educators alike. Its ongoing importance in mathematics education underscores the need for continuous refinement of teaching methodologies and a deeper understanding of the cognitive processes involved in solving these fundamental mathematical problems.
6. Conclusion
The addition and subtraction word problem, far from being a simple exercise, represents a significant milestone in mathematical development. Its historical evolution, the cognitive demands it places on learners, and the varied pedagogical approaches used to teach it all contribute to its enduring importance in mathematics education. By understanding the challenges and employing effective teaching strategies, we can empower students to develop not only computational skills but also crucial critical thinking and problem-solving abilities that extend far beyond the realm of basic arithmetic. The continued research and refinement of teaching methods surrounding the addition and subtraction word problem are essential for ensuring mathematical literacy and success for all students.
7. FAQs
1. What are some common mistakes students make when solving addition and subtraction word problems? Common mistakes include misinterpreting the problem's wording, selecting the wrong operation, performing incorrect calculations, and failing to check the reasonableness of the answer.
2. How can I help my child improve their skills in solving addition and subtraction word problems? Use real-world examples, employ visual aids, break down complex problems into smaller steps, and encourage consistent practice.
3. Are there any specific strategies that are particularly effective for solving addition and subtraction word problems? Drawing diagrams, using manipulatives, creating tables, and working through the problem step-by-step are effective strategies.
4. What is the difference between a one-step and a two-step addition and subtraction word problem? A one-step problem requires only one operation (addition or subtraction), while a two-step problem requires two operations to find the solution.
5. How can teachers assess students' understanding of addition and subtraction word problems? Use a variety of assessment methods, including observation, questioning, written tests, and performance tasks.
6. What role does technology play in teaching addition and subtraction word problems? Technology can provide engaging interactive exercises, adaptive practice, and immediate feedback, enhancing student learning.
7. How can I differentiate instruction to meet the needs of diverse learners when teaching addition and subtraction word problems? Provide varied learning opportunities, adjust the difficulty level of problems, and offer different modes of representation (visual, auditory, kinesthetic).
8. What is the importance of focusing on the underlying mathematical concepts rather than just rote memorization when teaching addition and subtraction word problems? Understanding the underlying concepts leads to better problem-solving skills and the ability to apply these skills to new situations.
9. How can I encourage students to check their answers to addition and subtraction word problems? Promote estimation, encourage rereading the problem to verify the answer's relevance, and emphasize the importance of accuracy.
8. Related Articles
1. "The Role of Visual Representations in Solving Addition and Subtraction Word Problems": This article explores the effectiveness of using diagrams, drawings, and number lines to aid in problem-solving.
2. "Strategies for Teaching Students with Learning Disabilities to Solve Addition and Subtraction Word Problems": This article focuses on adapting instruction to support students with specific learning challenges.
3. "The Impact of Real-World Context on Student Performance in Addition and Subtraction Word Problems": This article investigates how relatable contexts influence students' ability to solve these problems.
4. "A Comparative Analysis of Different Problem-Solving Strategies for Addition and Subtraction Word Problems": This article compares various strategies to determine their effectiveness.
5. "Developing Mathematical Reasoning Through Addition and Subtraction Word Problems": This article emphasizes the importance of using word problems to foster mathematical reasoning skills.
6. "The Use of Technology in Enhancing the Teaching and Learning of Addition and Subtraction Word Problems": This article explores the use of educational technology in teaching these problems.
7. "Assessing Students' Understanding of Addition and Subtraction Word Problems: A Review of Assessment Methods": This article provides a comprehensive overview of different assessment approaches.
8. "Addressing Common Misconceptions in Addition and Subtraction Word Problems": This article identifies and addresses common student misconceptions.
9. "From Concrete to Abstract: A Developmental Approach to Teaching Addition and Subtraction Word Problems": This article focuses on the progression from concrete manipulatives to abstract symbolic representations.
Publisher: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM). NCTM is a professional organization for mathematics educators, known for its rigorous standards and publications on effective mathematics teaching practices. Their authority on topics related to addition and subtraction word problems stems from their decades-long commitment to improving mathematics education.
Editor: Dr. Maria Hernandez, a renowned expert in early childhood mathematics education and former president of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Dr. Hernandez's extensive experience and leadership in the field add significant credibility to the publication.
| addition and subtraction word problem: Word Problems Using Addition and Subtraction Zella Williams, Rebecca Wingard-Nelson, 2016-12-15 Word problems can be daunting for students, young and old alike. This book teaches students to break the solving process into four simple steps. They learn that every problem has clue words to tell them which operation to use, and easy-to-follow sample problemsall related to animalsgive readers the confidence to solve new problems on their own. A tips section helps encourage readers to try their best, to ask for help, and to keep practicing. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Math Word Problems (GR 1-2) , 2008 |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Grade 2 Word Problems Kumon Publishing, 2009 Grade 2 workbook introduces word problems with multiple-digit addition and subtraction. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: You Can, Toucan, Math David A. Adler, 2007-04-02 Math is made fun with the help of some colorful birds. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Daily Word Problems Grade 1 Evan-Moor Educational Publishers, 2001-10 Each week of problems for first grade centers on a different animal. Accurate facts about the animal are presented to make the problems more realistic. Mathematic skills practiced include: - addition and subtraction facts - column addition - 2- and 3-digit addition and subtraction - counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s - reading and interpreting graphs and charts - reading and writing numbers and number words - fractions - time - money - measurement |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Division Word Problems , 2006 |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Grade 1 Word Problems Kumon Publishing, 2008-06 Word Problems, Grade 1 is in the 'Kumon Math Workbooks: Word Problems' series designed for grades 1-6. This workbook will introduce students to word problems dealing with early addition and subtraction. Exercises use visual illustrations before moving on to problems with illustrations and questions that are only written. Designed for students to self-score their work, pages provide the number of points to assign per problem, and there's room at the top to write in how many problems they got right alongside their name and the date. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Math Work Stations Debbie Diller, 2023-10-10 If you' ve ever questioned how to make math stations work, you' ll find this photo-filled, idea-packed resource invaluable. This book extends Debbie Diller' s best-selling work on literacy work stations and classroom design to the field of mathematics. In Math Work Stations you' ll find ideas to help children develop conceptual understanding and skills, use math vocabulary as they talk about their mathematical thinking, and connect big ideas to meaningful independent exploration and practice. This book details how to set up, manage, and keep math stations going throughout the year. There' s even a chapter devoted solely to organizing and using math manipulatives. Each chapter includes: key concepts based on NCTM and state math standards; math vocabulary resources and literature links; suggested materials to include at each station for the corresponding math content strand; ideas for modeling, troubleshooting, differentiating, and assessment; and reflection questions for professional development.Throughout the book, Debbie has included hundreds of color photos showing math work stations in action from a variety of classrooms in which she has worked. Charts, reproducible forms, and math work stations icons are included to provide everything you' ll need to get started with stations in your classroom right away. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Word Problems, Grade 2 Spectrum, 2013-12-02 Spectrum (R) Word Problems for grade 2, includes focused practice for essential math skills. --Skills include: --*Real world applications --*Multi-step word problems --*Adding, subtracting, reading, and writing numbers up to 100 --*Measuring lengths and plotting graphs --*Time and money --*Recognizing and drawing shapes --Spectrum(R) Word Problems workbooks supplement classroom work and proficiency test preparation. The workbooks provide examples of how the math skills students learn in school apply to everyday life with challenging, multi-step word problems. It features practice with word problems that are an essential part of the Common Core State Standards, making it a perfect supplement at home or school. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: All About Word Problems Joyce Markovics, 2019-03-27 Teaches Young Students About The Structure Of Word Problems And How To Solve Them. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Grade 4 Word Problems Kumon Publishing, 2009 Kumon's Word Problems Workbooks develop the skills necessary for children's success using math inside and outside the classroom. Our unique step-by-step progression introduces children to a wide variety of word problems that inspire critical thinking. Grade 4 Word Problems focuses on word problems that cover the following topics Division Decimals Using Formulas Mixed Calculations Tables and Graphs |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Pigeon Math Asia Citro, 2022-04-15 2020 Mathical Award Winner Telling a story about pigeons should be simple. But what's a narrator to do when the number of feathered friends is constantly changing? Can our intrepid storyteller use math facts to keep up with the unstable quantities. . . or is this pigeon-centric tale doomed? |
| addition and subtraction word problem: 50 Fill-In Math Word Problems Bob Krech, 2007-02 Mad lib -style worksheets give kids a fun way to practice solving word problems. Skills covered include addition, subtraction, measurement, time, patterns, algebra readiness, and more. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Math Word Problems Sullivan Associates Staff, 1972 |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Guided Math Workshop Laney Sammons, Donna Boucher, 2017-03-01 This must-have resource helps teachers successfully plan, organize, implement, and manage Guided Math Workshop. It provides practical strategies for structure and implementation to allow time for teachers to conduct small-group lessons and math conferences to target student needs. The tested resources and strategies for organization and management help to promote student independence and provide opportunities for ongoing practice of previously mastered concepts and skills. With sample workstations and mathematical tasks and problems for a variety of grade levels, this guide is sure to provide the information that teachers need to minimize preparation time and meet the needs of all students. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Mathematize It! [Grades 3-5] Sara Delano Moore, Kimberly Morrow-Leong, Linda M. Gojak, 2019-09-04 The list of math books to truly synthesize what we know so far and what we need to know is a very short and exclusive list. Well, you can confidently add Mathematize It to this collection. Written by three of the most respected math educators today, the book zeros in on that often poorly traveled journey between the question and answer in problem solving. Mathematize It will be your go-to resource to install the mathematical play revolution in elementary classes everywhere! Suni Singh Author of Pi of Life: the Hidden Happiness of Mathematics and Math Recess: Playful Learning in an Age of Disruption Help students reveal the math behind the words I don’t get what I’m supposed to do! This is a common refrain from students when asked to solve word problems. Solving problems is about more than computation. Students must understand the mathematics of a situation to know what computation will lead to an appropriate solution. Many students often pluck numbers from the problem and plug them into an equation using the first operation they can think of (or the last one they practiced). Students also tend to choose an operation by solely relying on key words that they believe will help them arrive at an answer, which without careful consideration of what the problem is actually asking of them. Mathematize It! Going Beyond Key Words to Make Sense of Word Problems, Grades 3-5 shares a reasoning approach that helps students dig into the problem to uncover the underlying mathematics, deeply consider the problem’s context, and employ strong operation sense to solve it. Through the process of mathematizing, the authors provide an explanation of a consistent method—and specific instructional strategies—to take the initial focus off specific numbers and computations and put it on the actions and relationships expressed in the problem. Sure to enhance teachers’ own operation sense, this user-friendly resource for Grades 3–5 • Offers a systematic mathematizing process for students to use when solving word problems • Gives practice opportunities and dozens of problems to leverage in the classroom • Provides specific examples of questions and explorations for all four operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) with whole numbers, fractions, and decimals • Demonstrates the use of concrete manipulatives to model problems with dozens of short videos • Includes end-of-chapter activities and reflection questions How can you help your students understand what is happening mathematically when solving word problems? Mathematize it! |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Good Questions for Math Teaching Peter Sullivan, Pat Lilburn, 2002 Open-ended questions, coined ï¿1⁄2good questionsï¿1⁄2 by the authors, can prompt children to think creatively and critically. This useful book helps teachers define ï¿1⁄2good questions,ï¿1⁄2 offers teachers tips on how to create their own good questions, and presents a wide variety of sample questions that span 16 mathematical topics, including number, measurement, geometry, probability, and data. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Grade 6 Word Problems Kumon Publishing, 2009-06 This workbook will introduce your child to word problems dealing with adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing fractions with unlike denominators, as well as working with the concepts of ratio, average, speed and proportion.--Cover. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Singapore Math Challenge Word Problems, Grades 3 - 5 , 2019-04-04 GRADE 3–5/AGES 8–9: This book helps children find a variety of intriguing problems and problem-solving methods. Using the tips offered, solving these problems will help students develop skill as a mathematical thinker. INCLUDES: An introduction explaining the Singapore Math method, common word problems found on assessments, and an answer key with worked out solutions that help students see how to work the problems. WHY SINGAPORE MATH: Many students struggle with word problems. The Singapore Math curriculum aims to help students develop necessary concepts and skills for everyday life. COMPREHENSIVE: Key concepts are introduced and built-on to reinforce mathematical ideas and thinking. Features one problem per page, so as not to be overwhelming to young learners. HOMESCHOOL FRIENDLY: Perfect as a supplement to classroom work or as a homeschool resource, this series is perfect for students who are ready to apply what they know to real-world scenarios. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Word Problems Grades 6-8 Kumon, 2019-07-31 Word Problems Grade 6-8 joins Kumon Middle School Math series. The word problems in this workbook will cover grade appropriate topics. Word problems are designed to test a child�s understanding and mastery of math topics. This workbook will develop your child�s ability to apply the math skills he or she has learned in Middle School to real world situations. Learning math is easy with our middle school level math books. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: The Mission of Addition Brian P. Cleary, 2014-01-01 In the first book of the Math Is Categorical® series, readers will become familiar with the concept of addition and its key terms. From the author and illustrator duo of the best-selling Words Are CATegorical® series, Math Is CATegorical® introduces basic math cFrom the author and illustrator duo of the best-selling Words Are CATegorical® series, Math Is CATegorical® introduces basic math concepts for young readers and reveals that sometimes math is easier to show than explain! Pairing clever rhyming verse with comical cartoon cats, Brian P. Cleary and Brian Gable help children add up just how fun math can be! |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Humble Math - 100 Days of Timed Tests Humble Math, 2020-04-05 100 days of multiplication problems. Discover the difference a couple minutes of practice can make. These are reproducible practice sheets to help students learn their multiplication facts and recall them with fluidity. This book focuses on digits 0-12. An answer key is included in the back of this book, so students can easily check their own work. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Addition and Subtraction Thomas P. Carpenter, James M. Moser, Thomas A. Romberg, 2020-08-15 A hallmark of much of the research on children’s thinking in the 1970s had been the focus on explicit content domains. Much of this research had been represented by an eclectic collection of studies sampled from a variety of disciplines and content areas. However, in the few years before this publication, research in several content domains has begun to coalesce into a coherent body of knowledge. Originally published in 1982, the chapters in this work represent one of the first attempts to bring together the perspectives of a variety of different researchers investigating a specific, well defined content domain. This book presents theoretical views and research findings of a group of international scholars who are investigating the early acquisition of addition and subtraction skills by young children. Together, the contributors bring a blend of psychology, educational psychology, and mathematics education to this topic. Fields of interest such as information processing, artificial intelligence, early childhood, and classroom teaching and learning are included in this blend. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: How Tall, How Short, How Faraway? David A. Adler, 1999-01-01 If you think a yard is a place to play ball, feet are only good for wearing shoes, and a palm is just a tree that grows in Miami, think again! They are all actually units of measure--different ways of measuring how tall, how short and how faraway things are. In this simple, hands-on math concept book, you'll learn how the ancient Egyptians and Romans used their fingers, hands, arms, and legs as measuring tools. But don't worry if it's all Greek to you. With David A. Adler's playful, informative text and Nancy Tobin's colorful illustrations explaining the difference between customary and metric systems, you'll really measure up! |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Numbers and Counting Troll Books, 1999-04 |
| addition and subtraction word problem: 100 Word Problems : Grade 3 Math Workbook BrainChimp, 2013-06-01 100 Word Problems: Grade 3 Math Workbook is an exclusive BrainChimp book packed with carefully selected exercises to stimulate your child's Brain and develop a keen interest in the practical application of Math skills. These Math Word Problems help children practice and reinforce the essential math skills they learn in school. Regular targeted practice is a proven method of helping children reach their maximum potential and perform better on important standardized tests. The aim of this book is to develop logic and reasoning skills while building better math problem-solving skills and improving self-confidence. The BrainChimp series of books are designed to stimulate the minds of children and empower them with the skills to be more successful in school and beyond. Answer Key is included to measure progress and guide practice. Features: - Word Problems for children Grade-3 (Ages 8-9). - 100 carefully selected word problems. - Detailed Answers in a separate Answer Key Section. - Work area for every problem to work out the solutions. Skills Covered: - Addition - Subtraction - Multiplication - Division - Geometry - Money - Time - Fractions - Decimals - Logic - And much more |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Word Problems H. S. Lawrence, Larry Hoffman, 1996-11 For students, parents and teachers: a straightforward way to teach and test basic word problem skills for addition and subtraction--Cover |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Humble Math - Area, Perimeter, Volume, & Surface Area Humble Math, 2020-09-24 Lots of area, perimeter, volume, and surface area practice problems with an answer key. Area and perimeter problems can be completed by younger students. The book progresses to more advanced problems including volume, surface area, and multi-step challenge questions. A perfect workbook for those trying to learn geometry. This is a book that can grow with students as their skills develop. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Grade 2 Subtraction Takashi Ono, 2008-06 Our Calculation Workbooks follow the Kumon Method, a proven learning system that helps children succeed and excel in math. Kumon Workbooks gradually introduce new topics in a logical progression and always include plenty of practice. As a result, children master one skill at a time and move forward without anxiety or frustration. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Mastering Math Facts - Addition and Subtraction Richard S Piccirilli, 2009-05 Packed with surefire learning strategies and dozens of practice pages to sharpen computational fluency, this book provides teachers with everything they need to help students master the 200 addition and subtraction facts that lay the groundwork for building proficiency and speed in problem solving. Veteran teacher Richard Piccirilli guides teachers through five steps to teaching for math-fact mastery. These steps help students 1. Develop a concrete understanding of multiplication and division 2. Use strategies that make learning facts easier and less stressful 3. Practice the procedures and strategies 4. Do meaningful drill exercises to ensure automatic recall 5. Test for mastery so that teachers can pinpoint areas for reteaching For use with Grades 1�3. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Multiplication Word Problems , 2006 |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Addition & Subtraction Debby Head, Libby Pollett, 2005 |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Problem Solving and Word Problem Smarts! Rebecca Wingard-Nelson, 2012-09 Are you having trouble with math word problems or problem solving? Do you wish someone could explain how to approach word problems in a clear, simple way? From the different types of word problems to effective problem solving strategies, this book takes a step-by-step approach to teaching problem solving. This book is designed for students to use alone or with a tutor or parent, provides clear lessons with easy-to-learn techniques and plenty of examples. Whether you are looking to learn this information for the first time, on your own or with a tutor, or you would like to review some math skills, this book will be a great choice. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Math Word Problems (GR 4-5) , 2006 |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Teaching by Design in Elementary Mathematics, Grades K1 Jennifer Stepanek, Melinda Leong, Linda Griffin, 2010-11-16 Strengthen your mathematics lessons through collaborative planning Teaching by Design in Elementary Mathematics is a series of comprehensive professional development guides that help teachers investigate how students learn. Grounded in the latest research, this book is one of three volumes focused on grade-appropriate number and operations topics aligned with the Common Core State Standards. The capstone activity of each book guides the group through the co-creation and implementation of a prototype lesson. The teacher teams then evaluate the impact of the lesson on student learning and work together to revise it for maximum effectiveness. Through the process, teachers develop: Deeper content knowledge of important mathematical concepts Improved understanding of how students learn these mathematical ideas A stronger foundation for developing effective lessons and improving instruction Enhanced collaboration skills Each volume includes a large assortment of reproducible handouts as well as built-in facilitation notes. Teachers will also find helpful resources that address the issue of finding time for school-based professional development and teacher collaboration. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Addition & Subtraction Grade 1 Teacher Created Resources, Inc, 2002-03 Includes practice for standardized tests--Cover. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Word Problems with Fractions Paul R. Robbins, Sharon K. Hauge, 1999 Prepares all students for standardized testing Builds essential critical-thinking and problem-solving skills Provides real-life situations for meaningful connections to science, computer science, math history, and other topics See other Word Problems titles |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Humble Math - Double Digit Addition & Subtraction Humble Math, 2020-04-18 100 days of reproducible addition and subtraction practice problems. Double digits, triple digits, and more. Designed to make daily math routines simple and effective. Word problems are included with each day to promote higher level thinking and answers are listed in the back of the book. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: How to Solve Word Problems, Grades 3-4 Robert Smith, 1999-11 Provides comprehensive overview of strategies for solving word problems to be used in classroom or home setting. |
| addition and subtraction word problem: Math Word Problems (GR 2-3) , 2003 |
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