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| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Environment Recent Developments OECD, 2006-01-30 An in-depth assessment of the most recent conceptual and methodological developments in cost-benefit analysis and the environment. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: A Thousand Shades of Green Peter Winsemius, Ulrich Guntram, 2013-06-17 'What does it mean for the environment?' is a strategic corollary of almost any significant business decision today, and companies must take seriously their responsibilities to regulators, customers, employees and the wider society. A Thousand Shades of Green is aimed at business leaders in need of a clear understanding of the key corporate environmental challenges and the insight and vision to meet them - imperatives such as engaging stakeholders and developing partnerships, understanding the policy-making process, forming corporate responses and drafting environmental management strategies - with the promise of genuine competitive advantage for their companies. Drawing on their extensive consultancy experience with some of the most progressive companies around the world, the authors examine why and how businesses must confront the rapidly developing agenda set by environmental constraints and social and regulatory pressure. They identify the corporate environmental challenge with that of change management and advocate a recognition that there is no single strategy or endgame applicable to all companies - there are a thousand shades of green. Only by pursuing thorough, reflective, consistent, competitive and proactive strategies will businesses be able to avoid being embroiled in costly and complex reactive approaches. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Why Do We Recycle? Frank Ackerman, 2013-04-15 The earnest warnings of an impending solid waste crisis that permeated the 1980s provided the impetus for the widespread adoption of municipal recycling programs. Since that time America has witnessed a remarkable rise in public participation in recycling activities, including curbside collection, drop-off centers, and commercial and office programs. Recently, however, a backlash against these programs has developed. A vocal group of anti-recyclers has appeared, arguing that recycling is not an economically efficient strategy for addressing waste management problems. In Why Do We Recycle? Frank Ackerman examines the arguments for and against recycling, focusing on the debate surrounding the use of economic mechanisms to determine the value of recycling. Based on previously unpublished research conducted by the Tellus Institute, a nonprofit environmental research group in Boston, Massachusetts, Ackerman presents an alternative view of the theory of market incentives, challenging the notion that setting appropriate prices and allowing unfettered competition will result in the most efficient level of recycling. Among the topics he considers are: externality issues -- unit pricing for waste disposal, effluent taxes, virgin materials subsidies, advance disposal fees the landfill crisis and disposal facility siting container deposit (bottle bill) legislation environmental issues that fall outside of market theory calculating costs and benefits of municipal recycling programs life-cycle analysis and packaging policy -- Germany's Green Dot packaging system and producer responsibility the impacts of production in extractive and manufacturing industries composting and organic waste management economics of conservation, and material use and long-term sustainability Ackerman explains why purely economic approaches to recycling are incomplete and argues for a different kind of decisionmaking, one that addresses social issues, future as well as present resource needs, and non-economic values that cannot be translated into dollars and cents. Backed by empirical data and replete with specific examples, the book offers valuable guidance for municipal planners, environmental managers, and policymakers responsible for establishing and implementing recycling programs. It is also an accessible introduction to the subject for faculty, students, and concerned citizens interested in the social, economic, and ethical underpinnings of recycling efforts. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Setting Environmental Standards Vic Barnett, A. O'Hagan, 2020-02-03 Introducing a novel approach to setting environmental pollution standards that allow for proper treatment of uncertainty and variation, this book surveys the forms of standards and proposes a new kind of statistically verifiable ideal standard. Setting Environmental Standards includes: a current analysis regarding the treatment of uncertainty and variation in environmental standard setting a review of basic principles in standard setting, including costs, actions and effects, and benefits examples where uncertainty and variation have been well-treated in current practice as well as examples where clear deficiencies are apparent specific proposals for the future approach to setting environmental pollution standards - encompassing the anticipated elements of uncertainty and variability The issues discussed serve statisticians as well as those persons involved with environmental standards. Scientists in agencies responsible for setting standards, in organizations advising such agencies or working in industries subject to these standards, will find Setting Environmental Standards an invaluable reference. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Model Rules of Professional Conduct American Bar Association. House of Delegates, Center for Professional Responsibility (American Bar Association), 2007 The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Biodiversity and the Precautionary Principle Rosie Cooney, Barney Dickson, 2012-05-16 Great uncertainty typically surrounds decisions and management actions in the conservation of biodiversity and natural resource management, and yet there are risks of serious and irreversible harm for both biodiversity and the humans that rely on it. The precautionary principle arguably underlies all international conservation efforts and promotes acting to avoid serious or irreversible environmental harm, despite lack of scientific certainty as to the likelihood, magnitude or cause of harm. This book is the first to examine the application of the precautionary principle to biodiversity conservation and natural resource management, incorporating perspectives from scientists, economists, lawyers and practitioners from both developing and developed countries. It analyses the application and impacts of the principle in many areas including forestry, invasive alien species, wildlife trade, protected areas and fisheries, in a range of national and international contexts. Particular attention is drawn to issues of equity, livelihoods, science and politics, and the book provides guidelines for applying the precautionary principle to biodiversity conservation and natural resource management. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Priceless Frank Ackerman, 2010-10 As clinical as it sounds to express the value of human lives, health, or the environment in cold dollars and cents, cost-benefit analysis requires it. More disturbingly, this approach is being embraced by a growing number of politicians and conservative pundits as the most reasonable way to make many policy decisions regarding public health and the environment. By systematically refuting the economic algorithms and illogical assumptions that cost-benefit analysts flaunt as fact, Priceless tells a ''gripping story about how solid science has been shoved to the backburner by bean counters with ideological blinders'' (In These Times). Ackerman and Heinzerling argue that decisions about health and safety should be made ''to reflect not economists' numbers, but democratic values, chosen on moral grounds. This is a vividly written book, punctuated by striking analogies, a good deal of outrage, and a nice dose of humor'' (Cass Sunstein, The New Republic). Essential reading for anyone concerned with the future of human health and environmental protection, Priceless ''shines a bright light on obstacles that stand in the way of good government decisions''. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Research Methods in Health: Investigating Health and Health Services Ann Bowling, 2023-03-15 “An essential and comprehensive guide for students and researchers in a range of health care disciplines investigating health services, health care and well-being.” Professor Robert J. Edelmann, Emeritus Professor of Clinical and Forensic Psychology, University of Roehampton, UK “An invaluable resource for students, researchers and practitioners from all health backgrounds and disciplines, who are involved in research to produce a robust evidence-base to inform the development, provision, delivery and evaluation of healthcare services.” Felicity Smith, Professor Emeritus of Pharmacy Practice, UCL School of Pharmacy, UK “The fifth edition of ‘Research Methods in Health’ continues to provide an excellent broad based introduction to the subject.” Virginia Berridge, Professor of History and Health Policy, Centre for History in Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK This bestselling book provides an accessible introduction to the concepts and practicalities of multi-disciplinary research methods in health and health services. The new edition has updated and expanded coverage of: •International examples, terms and approaches •Epidemiology and methods of tracing epidemics •Aging population demography and bio-demography •Evaluation and assessment of health services •Health services research and audit, including data generation •Methods of evaluating patients’ perspectives •Measuring quality of life outcomes •Health economics methods and applications •Quantitative and qualitative research Core processes and methodologies such as social research, mixed methods, literature reviewing and critical appraisal, secondary data analysis and evidence-based practice will be covered in detail. The book also looks at the following key areas of health research: •Health needs •Morbidity and mortality trends and rates •Costing health services •Sampling for survey research •Cross-sectional and longitudinal survey design •Experimental methods and techniques of group assignment •Questionnaire design •Interviewing techniques •Coding and analysis of quantitative data •Methods and analysis of qualitative observational studies •Unstructured interviewing The book is grounded in the author's career as a researcher on health and health service issues, and the valuable experience this has provided in meeting the challenges of research on people and organisations in real life settings. Research Methods in Health, Fifth Edition is an essential companion for students and researchers of health and health services at all levels, health clinicians and policy-makers with responsibility for applying research findings and judging the soundness of research. Ann Bowling is a sociologist, specialising in research on ageing, research methods, quality of life, public and social health. She was Professor of Health Sciences at the University of Southampton, UK (2012–17), where she is now Visiting Professor. Ann was awarded the Highly Commended book prize for the 4th edition of Research Methods in Health at the 2015 BMA Medical Book Awards. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Changing the Law Commonwealth Secretariat, 2017-11-30 Changing the Law: A Practical Guide to Law Reform is designed to provide practical assistance to users seeking to deliver high standard law reform outcomes. Using examples and experience from around the Commonwealth and beyond, it guides users through each phase of a successful reform, from initiation to final implementation. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Utilization-Focused Evaluation Michael Quinn Patton, 2008-06-18 The Fourth Edition of the bestselling Utilization-Focused Evaluation provides expert, detailed advice on conducting program evaluations from one of leading experts. Chock full of useful pedagogy—including a unique utilization-focused evaluation checklist—this book presents Michael Quinn Patton′s distinctive opinions based on more than thirty years of experience. Key Features of the Fourth Edition Provides thoroughly updated materials including more international content; new references; new exhibits and sidebars; and new examples, stories, and cartoons Includes follow-up exercises at the end of each chapter Features a utilization-focused evaluation checklist Gives greater emphasis on mixed methods Analyzes the pluses and minuses of the increased emphasis on accountability and performance measurement in government at all levels Details the explosion of international evaluation Intended Audience Both theoretical and practical, this core text is an essential resource for students enrolled in Program Evaluation courses in a variety of disciplines—including public administration, government, social sciences, education, and management. Practitioners will also find this text invaluable. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Cost-Benefit Analysis for Development Asian Development Bank, 2013-01-01 The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has been continuously undertaking measures to enhance the effectiveness of its operations. To improve projects both at the preparation and implementation stages, ADB issued the Guidelines for Economic Analysis of Projects in 1997 as a means to enhancing project quality at entry. The conduct of proper economic analysis helps ensure the efficient use of development funds and public resources and thereby increase aid effectiveness. This practical guide is a supplement to the Guidelines for the Economic Analysis of Projects. It provides an overview of recent methodological developments in cost-benefit analysis as well as suggested improvements in the economic analysis of projects in selected sectors through case studies. These case studies illustrate the application of suggested methodologies, taking into account sector-specific needs, as well as difficulties faced by practitioners in terms of data and time constraints during project processing. It also aims to contribute to ADB’s capacity building initiatives as this will be the main reference material for conduct of economic analysis. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Hearings United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations, 1971 |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Spectrum Auctions Geoffrey Myers, 2023-02-15 Access to the radio spectrum is vital for modern digital communication. It is an essential component for smartphone capabilities, the Cloud, the Internet of Things, autonomous vehicles, and multiple other new technologies. Governments use spectrum auctions to decide which companies should use what parts of the radio spectrum. Successful auctions can fuel rapid innovation in products and services, unlock substantial economic benefits, build comparative advantage across all regions, and create billions of dollars of government revenues. Poor auction strategies can leave bandwidth unsold and delay innovation, sell national assets to firms too cheaply, or create uncompetitive markets with high mobile prices and patchy coverage that stifles economic growth. Corporate bidders regularly complain that auctions raise their costs, while government critics argue that insufficient revenues are raised. The cross-national record shows many examples of both highly successful auctions and miserable failures. Drawing on experience from the UK and other countries, senior regulator Geoffrey Myers explains how to optimise the regulatory design of auctions, from initial planning to final implementation. Spectrum Auctions offers unrivalled expertise for regulators and economists engaged in practical auction design or company executives planning bidding strategies. For applied economists, teachers, and advanced students this book provides unrivalled insights in market design and public management. Providing clear analytical frameworks, case studies of auctions, and stage-by-stage advice, it is essential reading for anyone interested in designing public-interested and successful spectrum auctions. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Amending Executive Order 12866 United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Commercial and Administrative Law, 2007 |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Theory and Practice in Policy Analysis M. Granger Morgan, 2017-10-12 Practitioners of policy analysis will better understand the tools of their trade, and the broader contexts in which analysis contributes. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Research Methods In Health: Investigating Health And Health Services Bowling, Ann, 2014-07-01 This bestselling book provides an accessible introduction to the concepts and practicalities of research methods in health and health services. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Essentials of Utilization-Focused Evaluation Michael Quinn Patton, 2012 Provides both an overall framework and concrete advice for how to conduct useful evaluations that actually get used. - preface. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Risk and Reliability Dominic Reeve, 2009-09-10 Risk and Reliability: Coastal and Hydraulic Engineering sets out the methods which are increasingly being required by Government Agencies for river and sea defence design and flood defence system management. And it shows how to describe uncertainty in the performance of flood and erosion defences. It introduces the key statistical concepts required for the implementation of a reliability analysis, and the analytical and the numerical methods are each described with worked examples. Example applications of the methods are given to illustrate their advantages and limitations, together with case studies drawn from the author’s experience of academia and consultancy. It draws together scattered material and provides coastal and hydraulic engineers with an accessible entry to reliability analysis and thence to the cutting-edge literature. This book suits advanced undergraduates and MSc students of flood and coastal defence. It also serves as a helpful source of information for consultants, practitioners and academics. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: The Cost-Benefit Revolution Cass R. Sunstein, 2019-09-24 Why policies should be based on careful consideration of their costs and benefits rather than on intuition, popular opinion, interest groups, and anecdotes. Opinions on government policies vary widely. Some people feel passionately about the child obesity epidemic and support government regulation of sugary drinks. Others argue that people should be able to eat and drink whatever they like. Some people are alarmed about climate change and favor aggressive government intervention. Others don't feel the need for any sort of climate regulation. In The Cost-Benefit Revolution, Cass Sunstein argues our major disagreements really involve facts, not values. It follows that government policy should not be based on public opinion, intuitions, or pressure from interest groups, but on numbers—meaning careful consideration of costs and benefits. Will a policy save one life, or one thousand lives? Will it impose costs on consumers, and if so, will the costs be high or negligible? Will it hurt workers and small businesses, and, if so, precisely how much? As the Obama administration's “regulatory czar,” Sunstein knows his subject in both theory and practice. Drawing on behavioral economics and his well-known emphasis on “nudging,” he celebrates the cost-benefit revolution in policy making, tracing its defining moments in the Reagan, Clinton, and Obama administrations (and pondering its uncertain future in the Trump administration). He acknowledges that public officials often lack information about costs and benefits, and outlines state-of-the-art techniques for acquiring that information. Policies should make people's lives better. Quantitative cost-benefit analysis, Sunstein argues, is the best available method for making this happen—even if, in the future, new measures of human well-being, also explored in this book, may be better still. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Managerial Decision Making J. Bridge, J. C. Dodds, 2018-04-17 This book, originally published in 1975, is an attempt to bridge the gap between economic theory and business practice by relating the tools of economic analysis to the decision making process itself. It is written from a decision making systems analysis viewpoint. This approach enables the reader to perceive the integrative nature of the subject matter in relation to the functioning of the business enterprise. Although the unifying theme of ‘decision making’ is at the heart of the book, where necessary some of the theoretical underpinnings of traditional neo-classical theory of the firm are covered. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Legislative Branch Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1972 United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations, 1971 |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Hearings, Reports and Prints of the Senate Committee on Appropriations United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations, 1971 |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Cost-Benefit Analysis for Investment Decisions Chun-Yan Kuo, Arnold Harberger, Glenn Jenkins, 2019-01-22 This is textbook for university students and a manual for professionals. It gives an in-depth treatment of the theory and application of Cost-Benefit Analysis, using an integrated approach where the financial, economic, stakeholder and risk analyses are carried out in a single integrated project model. Fully developed case examples are presented for both public and public private partnership investment expenditures. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Annual Report Australia. Law Reform Commission, 1975 |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Valuing Ecosystem Services National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Water Science and Technology Board, Committee on Assessing and Valuing the Services of Aquatic and Related Terrestrial Ecosystems, 2005-04-14 Nutrient recycling, habitat for plants and animals, flood control, and water supply are among the many beneficial services provided by aquatic ecosystems. In making decisions about human activities, such as draining a wetland for a housing development, it is essential to consider both the value of the development and the value of the ecosystem services that could be lost. Despite a growing recognition of the importance of ecosystem services, their value is often overlooked in environmental decision-making. This report identifies methods for assigning economic value to ecosystem servicesâ€even intangible onesâ€and calls for greater collaboration between ecologists and economists in such efforts. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Decisions United States. Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, 1995-06 |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Innovation and the Evolution of Industries Franco Malerba, Richard R. Nelson, Luigi Orsenigo, Sidney G. Winter, 2016-08-11 The disruptive impacts of technological innovation on established industrial structures has been one of the distinguishing features of modern capitalism. In this book, four leading figures in the field of Schumpeterian and evolutionary economic theory draw on decades of research to offer a new, 'history-friendly' perspective on the process of creative destruction. This 'history-friendly' methodology models the complex dynamics of innovation, competition and industrial evolution in a way that combines analytical rigour with an acknowledgement of the chaotic nature of history. The book presents a comprehensive analysis of the determinants and patterns of industrial evolution, and investigates its complex dynamics within three key industries: computers, semiconductors, and pharmaceuticals. It will be of great value to scholars and students of innovation and industrial change, from backgrounds as varied as history, economics and management. Its coverage of new methodological tools is also useful for students who are new to evolutionary economic theory. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Environment, Aid and Regionalism in the South Pacific Jeremy Carew-Reid, Australian National University. National Centre for Development Studies, 1989 |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Macroprudential Policy - An Organizing Framework International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department, 2011-03-14 Macroprudential policy is a complement to microprudential policy and it interacts with other types of public policy that have an impact on systemic financial stability. Indeed, prudential regulation, as carried out in the past, also had some macroprudential aspects, and the recent crisis has reinforced this focus; hence, a clear separation between “micro” and “macro” prudential, if useful conceptually, is difficult to delineate in practice. Moreover, no matter how different policy mandates are structured, financial stability tends to be a common responsibility, reflecting the far reaching consequences of financial crises. This calls for coordination across policies, to ensure that systemic risk is comprehensively addressed. Equally important, macroprudential policy is no substitute for sound policies more broadly, including, in particular, strong prudential regulation and supervision, and sound macroeconomic policies. Operational independence in other policy areas, including monetary and microprudential policy, should not be undermined in the name of macroprudential policy. Finally, given the global nature of the financial system, the multilateral aspects of macroprudential policy will need to be fully considered—an important aspect that is only touched upon in this paper. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Principles of Economic Appraisal in Health Care M. F. Drummond, 1980 Increasing pressures on the resources available for health care have emphasized the need to judge alternative strategies, in treatment and planning, from an economic perspective. However, existing cost- bene- fit and cost effectiveness studies in the health field vary greatly in quality and can present a confusing picture for the health profes- sional wishing to learn more about the economist's approach. This book outlines in the simplest possible terms the methodology of eco- nomic appraisal as applied to health care, pointing out pitfalls for the unwary. Dato 940526 internt ri |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: On War Carl von Clausewitz, 1908 |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: OECD Territorial Reviews: Japan 2016 OECD, 2016-04-11 Japan is embarked on a demographic transition without precedent in human history: the population is both declining and ageing rapidly. This raises important questions about the country's future economic geography, as public policies will need both to respond to these shifts and also to shape them. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Hearings on Congressional Procedures United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules. Subcommittee on the Rules and Organization of the House, 1979 |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Shifting Paradigms in International Investment Law Steffen Hindelang, Markus Krajewski, 2016-01-21 International investment law is in transition. Whereas the prevailing mindset has always been the protection of the economic interests of individual investors, new developments in international investment law have brought about a paradigm shift. There is now more than ever before an interest in a more inclusive, transparent, and public regime. Shifting Paradigms in International Investment Law addresses these changes against the background of the UNCTAD framework to reform investment treaties. The book analyses how the investment treaty regime has changed and how it ought to be changing to reconcile private property interests and the state's duty to regulate in the public interest. In doing so, the volume tracks attempts in international investment law to recalibrate itself towards a more balanced, less isolated, and increasingly diversified regime. The individual chapters of this edited volume address the contents of investment agreements, the system of dispute settlement, the interrelation of investment agreements with other areas of public international law, constitutional questions, and new regional perspectives from Europe, South Africa, the Pacific Rim Region, and Latin America. Together they provide an invaluable resource for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers. The individual chapters of this edited volume address the contents of investment agreements, the system of dispute settlement, the interrelation of investment agreements with other areas of public international law, constitutional questions, and new regional perspectives from Europe, South Africa, the Pacific Rim Region, and Latin America. Together they provide an invaluable resource for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Achieving a Sustainable Global Energy System Leo Schrattenholzer, Asami Miketa, Keywan Riahi,, Richard Alexander Roehrl, 2004-01-01 Sustainable development and global climate change have figured prominently in scientific analysis and international policymaking since the early 1990s. This book formulates technology strategies that will lead to environmentally sustainable energy systems |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Acid Rain Economic Assessment Paulette Mandelbaum, 2013-11-21 This volume, Proceedings of the Conference ACID RAIN: Economic Assessment, is meant to present the areas of agreement which economists have established and the uncertainties which they have discovered in their attempts to use the methodology of economics to better understand the nature of the acid rain issue. Scientific articles about acid rain initially appeared in 1972. The public turned its attention to the issue in the mid-1970s. In April 1979, the first acid rain bill was introduced in the Senate, authored by New York's Senator Daniel P. Moynihan. The bill sought to establish a federal research program dedicated to filling the gaps in understanding of the phenomena of long-range transport of air pollutants and their environmental, health and economic impacts. 'The bill was passed into law in 1980. Since then, tens of bills have been proposed to control emissions of S02 and NO , x thought to be the precursors of acid rain. And yet, in contrast with the pattern set by the majority of environmental issues, where legislation followed very quickly on the heels of public anxiety and involvement, by July 1985 not a single federal acid rain control bill had been passed. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Restoring Consumer Sovereignty Adrian Künzler, 2017 Introduction -- Abiding issues -- Argumentation of the courts and contemporary legal scholarship -- Making behavioralism work -- Fashioning consumer cognitive capability -- Open approaches to promoting innovation and economic growth -- From market access to cumulative innovation -- Conclusion |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: The Oxford Handbook of Value Theory Iwao Hirose, Jonas Olson, 2015-05-01 Value theory, or axiology, looks at what things are good or bad, how good or bad they are, and, most fundamentally, what it is for a thing to be good or bad. Questions about value and about what is valuable are important to moral philosophers, since most moral theories hold that we ought to promote the good (even if this is not the only thing we ought to do). This Handbook focuses on value theory as it pertains to ethics, broadly construed, and provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary debates pertaining not only to philosophy but also to other disciplines-most notably, political theory and economics. The Handbook's twenty-two newly commissioned chapters are divided into three parts. Part I: Foundations concerns fundamental and interrelated issues about the nature of value and distinctions between kinds of value. Part II: Structure concerns formal properties of value that bear on the possibilities of measuring and comparing value. Part III: Extensions, finally, considers specific topics, ranging from health to freedom, where questions of value figure prominently. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Socioeconomic Impact Management John M Halstead, Robert A Chase, Steve H Murdock, F. Larry Leistritz, 2019-07-11 The authors of this book present a comprehensive analysis of impact management for such large-scale resource and industrial development projects as power plants, mines, and nuclear waste disposal facilities. An overall framework for designing an impact management program is presented and specific recommendations for implementing management measures are provided. This book is unique in that it provides a conceptual framework for choosing among alternative approaches in designing a management system, as well as offering practical guidance for implementing such systems. |
| an assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves: Forests at the Wildland-Urban Interface Susan W. Vince, Mary L. Duryea, Edward A. Macie, Annie Hermansen, 2004-11-29 Forests at the wildland-urban interface are at increasing risk due to the impacts of urbanization. Conserving and managing these forestlands for continued ecological and social benefits is a critical and complex challenge facing natural resource managers, land-use planners, and policymakers. Forests at the Wildland-Urban Interface: Conservat |
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a review of basic principles in standard setting including costs actions and effects and benefits examples where uncertainty and variation have been well treated in current practice as well as …
Christian G. Meyer
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves: Cost-benefit Analysis Peter G. Sassone,William A. Schaffer,1978 Textbook on the theory and methodology of cost benefit …
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves …
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves: Cost-benefit Analysis Peter G. Sassone,William A. Schaffer,1978 Textbook on the theory and methodology of cost benefit …
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves
standard setting a review of basic principles in standard setting including costs actions and effects and benefits examples where uncertainty and variation have been well treated in current …
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves …
Inevitably Involves is vital, and how to effectively learn about An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves. 3. In chapter 2, the author will delve into the foundational …
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves (PDF) Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Environment Recent Developments OECD,2006-01-30 An in-depth assessment of the most …
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves …
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An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves 2 An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves Rico Randall J. F. Bruins Robin Alexander F. Maes Great Britain. - …
An Assessment Of Costs And Benefits Inevitably Involves
Oct 19, 2023 · cost-benefits analysis (CBA) involves identifying direct and indirect project costs and expected returns for projects. The Assessment Technique That Involves the Use of Tests …
