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| ancient egypt education system: Gymnastics of the Mind Raffaella Cribiore, 2005-02-13 This book is at once a thorough study of the educational system for the Greeks of Hellenistic and Roman Egypt, and a window to the vast panorama of educational practices in the Greco-Roman world. It describes how people learned, taught, and practiced literate skills, how schools functioned, and what the curriculum comprised. Raffaella Cribiore draws on over 400 papyri, ostraca (sherds of pottery or slices of limestone), and tablets that feature everything from exercises involving letters of the alphabet through rhetorical compositions that represented the work of advanced students. The exceptional wealth of surviving source material renders Egypt an ideal space of reference. The book makes excursions beyond Egypt as well, particularly in the Greek East, by examining the letters of the Antiochene Libanius that are concerned with education. The first part explores the conditions for teaching and learning, and the roles of teachers, parents, and students in education; the second vividly describes the progression from elementary to advanced education. Cribiore examines not only school exercises but also books and commentaries employed in education--an uncharted area of research. This allows the most comprehensive evaluation thus far of the three main stages of a liberal education, from the elementary teacher to the grammarian to the rhetorician. Also addressed, in unprecedented detail, are female education and the role of families in education. Gymnastics of the Mind will be an indispensable resource to students and scholars of the ancient world and of the history of education. |
| ancient egypt education system: Ancient Egyptian Literature, Volume III Miriam Lichtheim, 2006-03-04 First published in 1973 - and followed by Volume II in 1976 and Volume III in 1980 - this anthology has assumed classic status in the field of Egyptology and portrays the remarkable evolution of the literary forms of one of the world's earliest civilizations. Volume III spans the last millennium of Pharaonic civilization, from the tenth century B.C. to the beginning of the Christian era. It features a new foreword by Joseph G. Manning--Publisher's description. |
| ancient egypt education system: The Maxims of Ptah-hotep Ptahhotep, Franklin Donaldson, 1990 |
| ancient egypt education system: Stolen Legacy George G. M. James, 2013-04-08 For centuries the world has been misled about the original source of the Arts and Sciences; for centuries Socrates, Plato and Aristotle have been falsely idolized as models of intellectual greatness; and for centuries the African continent has been called the Dark Continent, because Europe coveted the honor of transmitting to the world, the Arts and Sciences. It is indeed surprising how, for centuries, the Greeks have been praised by the Western World for intellectual accomplishments which belong without a doubt to the Egyptians or the peoples of North Africa. |
| ancient egypt education system: The Ancient Egyptian Economy Leigh Rockwood, 2013-07-15 Readers explore different aspects of Ancient Egypt's economy, including the importance of the sea and how papermaking was an art essential to Egypt's success. Students will gain an understanding of how the culture used money and which trades flourished during this period of history. |
| ancient egypt education system: Two Hieroglyphic Papyri from Tanis Francis Llewellyn Griffith, 1889 |
| ancient egypt education system: The Egypt Game Zilpha Keatley Snyder, 2012-10-23 The first time Melanie Ross meets April Hall, she’s not sure they have anything in common. But she soon discovers that they both love anything to do with ancient Egypt. When they stumble upon a deserted storage yard, Melanie and April decide it’s the perfect spot for the Egypt Game. Before long there are six Egyptians, and they all meet to wear costumes, hold ceremonies, and work on their secret code. Everyone thinks it’s just a game until strange things start happening. Has the Egypt Game gone too far? |
| ancient egypt education system: Education, Civics, and Citizenship in Egypt Ehaab D. Abdou, 2023-06-30 This book explores how to render curricular representations more inclusive and how individuals’ interactions with competing historical narratives and discourses shape their civic attitudes and intergroup dynamics. Based on ethnographic research in the Egyptian context, it offers insights for curriculum developers, teacher educators, and teachers interested in the development of critical citizens who are able to engage with multiple narratives and perspectives. Drawing on theorizations of historical consciousness, critical pedagogy, and critical discourse analysis, it demonstrates the need for more nuanced and holistic analytical frameworks and pedagogical tools. Further, it offers insights towards building such analytical and pedagogical approaches to help gain a deeper understanding of connections between students’ historical consciousness tendencies and their civic engagement as citizens. |
| ancient egypt education system: Count Like an Egyptian David Reimer, 2014-04-27 A lively collection of fun and challenging problems in ancient Egyptian math The mathematics of ancient Egypt was fundamentally different from our math today. Contrary to what people might think, it wasn't a primitive forerunner of modern mathematics. In fact, it can’t be understood using our current computational methods. Count Like an Egyptian provides a fun, hands-on introduction to the intuitive and often-surprising art of ancient Egyptian math. David Reimer guides you step-by-step through addition, subtraction, multiplication, and more. He even shows you how fractions and decimals may have been calculated—they technically didn’t exist in the land of the pharaohs. You’ll be counting like an Egyptian in no time, and along the way you’ll learn firsthand how mathematics is an expression of the culture that uses it, and why there’s more to math than rote memorization and bewildering abstraction. Reimer takes you on a lively and entertaining tour of the ancient Egyptian world, providing rich historical details and amusing anecdotes as he presents a host of mathematical problems drawn from different eras of the Egyptian past. Each of these problems is like a tantalizing puzzle, often with a beautiful and elegant solution. As you solve them, you’ll be immersed in many facets of Egyptian life, from hieroglyphs and pyramid building to agriculture, religion, and even bread baking and beer brewing. Fully illustrated in color throughout, Count Like an Egyptian also teaches you some Babylonian computation—the precursor to our modern system—and compares ancient Egyptian mathematics to today’s math, letting you decide for yourself which is better. |
| ancient egypt education system: The Greeks and the Making of Modern Egypt Alexander Kitroeff, 2019-03-22 Magnificent.--Robert L. Tignor, Princeton University The Greeks and the Making of Modern Egypt is the first account of the modern Greek presence in Egypt from its beginnings during the era of Muhammad Ali to its final days under Nasser. It casts a critical eye on the reality and myths surrounding the complex and ubiquitous Greek community in Egypt by examining the Greeks' legal status, their relations with the country's rulers, their interactions with both elite and ordinary Egyptians, their economic activities, their contacts with foreign communities, their ties to their Greek homeland, and their community life, which included a rich and celebrated literary culture. |
| ancient egypt education system: Handbook to Life in Ancient Egypt Ann Rosalie David, 1999 Explores the lifestyles of the ancient Egyptians including, economy and industry, foreign trade and transportation, architecture, and more. |
| ancient egypt education system: Life of the Ancient Egyptians Evžen Strouhal, 1997 Few studies of ancient Egypt cover so broad a scope as this exceptional insight into everyday life in ancient Egypt. The text is complemented by many illustrations of artefacts, works of art, and scenes of life in ancient Egypt as recorded in tomb reliefs and paintings on papyri. Werner Forman’s superb photographs were taken specially for this volume in Egypt and in the great public and private collections. |
| ancient egypt education system: An Introduction to Education Hasan Arslan, 2018-07-26 This volume offers a set of strategies and materials in education, developed to assist teachers in guiding their classroom and students in understanding fundamental subjects of teaching. It serves to ensure the highest levels of academic achievement for all students and will help students develop a positive self-concept by providing knowledge about the various dimensions of teaching. Including contributions from academics and researchers, the book encompasses eight chapters: Fundamental Concepts of Education; Teachers and Teaching; Social Foundation of Education; Philosophy and Educational Philosophy; Psychology and Educational Psychology; Foundation of Educational Politics; Comparative Educational Systems; and Sociocultural Perspectives. This volume will appeal to a wide range of readers, including educators, researchers, students, teacher trainers, and teachers of all subjects and of all levels, who wish to develop both personally and professionally. |
| ancient egypt education system: Ancient Egypt Patricia D. Netzley, 2009-06-25 Thousands of years ago, the ancient Egyptians established a civilization that continue to fascinate people today. This A-Z encyclopedia provides information about the most important people, places, and practices of ancient Egypt, as well as about ancient Egyptian historical periods, religious beliefs, art, architecture, and concepts related to the Egyptian worldview. In addition, the encyclopedia talks about the Egyptologists and archaeologists who helped advance modern knowledge about this ancient culture. Provides numerous entries covering the world of ancient Egypt. |
| ancient egypt education system: First Civilizations Robert Chadwick, 2005 First Civilizations is the second edition of a popular student text first published in 1996 in Montreal by Les Editions Champ Fleury. This much updated and expanded edition provides an introductory overview of the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt. It was conceived primarily for students who have little or no knowledge of ancient history or archaeology. The book begins with the role of history and archaeology in understanding the past, and continues with the origins of agriculture and the formation of the Sumerian city-states in Mesopotamia. Three subsequent chapters concentrate on Assyrian and Babylonian history and culture. The second half of the book focuses on Egypt, begining with the physical environment of the Nile, the formation of the Egyptian state and the Old Kingdom. Subsequent chapters discuss the Middle Kingdom, the Hyksos period, and the 18th Dynasty, with space devoted to Hatshepsut, Akhenaten, the Ramesside period. The text ends with the Persian conquest of Mesopotamia and Egypt. First Civilizations also contains sections on astronomy, medicine, architecture, eschatology, religion, burial practices and mummification, and discusses the myths of Gilgamesh, Isis and Osiris. Each chapter has a basic bibliography which emphasizes English language encyclopedias, books and journals specializing in the ancient Near East. |
| ancient egypt education system: The Educational Heritage of Ancient India Sahana Singh, 2017-08-03 Just a thousand years ago, India was dotted with universities across its length and breadth, where international students flocked to gain credentials in advanced education. This illustrated book describes how these multi-disciplinary centers of learning existed in several forms such as forest universities, brick-and-mortar universities and temple universities. It examines the funding for these citadels of learning and their graduation ceremonies. The process by which India’s ancient systems of education helped to fuel a knowledge revolution around the world with its manuscripts, forming the basis for monographs and academic papers, is explained with references. The marauding incursions by Muslim invaders, which disrupted the idyllic world of university learning in India, followed by European colonization, which led to further erosion and degeneration of India’s traditional learning systems, have been taken up in some detail. Readers will get a snapshot view of India's education system down the ages from ancient to modern times. |
| ancient egypt education system: Education in Egypt (RLE Egypt) Judith Cochran, 2013-01-03 Egyptian education is a central, social and economic force in the Middle East. For hundreds of years Al Azhar University has been the centre of Islamic thinking and education. More recently Egypt became the leader in secular education as Mohammed Ali established the first medical, veterinarian, engineering and accounting schools in the Middle East. Nasser expanded Egyptian educational leadership by providing free education for Muslem students from neighbouring countries. The extensive exportation of Egyptian educators to initiate and educate in schools and universities throughout the Arab speaking world has shaped the secular and religious leaders of those countries. This book traces the history of Egyptian education over the last hundred years and highlights the key factors which have given Egyptian education its particular quality and influence within the Arab world. First published 1986. |
| ancient egypt education system: The Cyclopædia of Education Jacob Schem, 1876 |
| ancient egypt education system: A History of Western Education (Volumes 1, 2 and 3) James Bowen, 2020-05-25 This set reprints volumes 1, 2 and 3 of James Bowen's A History of Western Education originally published by Methuen in the 1970s. Volume One: The Ancient World: Orient and Mediterranean 2000B.C - A.D. 1054 The volume traces the development of education in the ancient world from the first scribal cultures of Mesopotamia and Egypt to learning in the early Christian church. A detailed account is given of the acheivements of Greece in literacy, learning, philosophy and training for public life - achievements which were further developed in the Hellenistic Orient and incorporated by the Romans into their own highly organized educational system. This leads to the emergence of a specifically Christian ideal of education, the decline of secular learning in the West, and the preservation of learning both in Byzantium and in Western monasticism. Volume Two: Civilization of Europe: Sixth to Sixteenth Century Volume Two follows the growth and process of learning in Europe from its foundations in the Carolingian era through its evolution in medieval Europe - especially italy, France, Germany and England - to its expansion and refinement in the sixteenth century. Particular attention is paid to: * The role of medieval institutions of the cathedral and grammer schools and the university * The contribution of notable scholars of the age such as Abelard, Thomas Aquinas, Erasmus and Luther Volume Three: The Modern West: Europe and the New World The final volume covers the period of educational dissent, which became conspicuous in the early seventeenth century and reached crisis proportions in the late twentieth, when the dominant ideologies of progress and equality, generated at the beginning of the nineteenth century, were questioned for the first time on a widespread, popular scale. |
| ancient egypt education system: Writing, Teachers, and Students in Graeco-Roman Egypt Raffaella Cribiore, 2008-11 |
| ancient egypt education system: Sayings of the Spartans Plutarch, 2018-03 In this compilation from Plutarch's Moralia of famous sayings from over sixty Spartans we are shown that not were these ancients brave warriors in battle but had a complete philosophy of life which guided all their actions. Include all 372 footnotes. |
| ancient egypt education system: Ancient Egypt Parragon, Incorporated, Robert Hamilton, 2007 This lavishly illustrated book brings to life every detail of the people, sites, artifacts and explains practices, customs and beliefs that existed in the land of the Pharaohs. |
| ancient egypt education system: Ancient Egypt and Early China Anthony J Barbieri-Low, 2021-06-17 Although they existed more than a millennium apart, the great civilizations of New Kingdom Egypt (ca. 1548-1086 BCE) and Han dynasty China (206 BCE-220 CE) shared intriguing similarities. Both were centered around major, flood-prone rivers--the Nile and the Yellow River--and established complex hydraulic systems to manage their power. Both spread their territories across vast empires that were controlled through warfare and diplomacy and underwent periods of radical reform led by charismatic rulers--the heretic king Akhenaten and the vilified reformer Wang Mang. Universal justice was dispensed through courts, and each empire was administered by bureaucracies staffed by highly trained scribes who held special status. Egypt and China each developed elaborate conceptions of an afterlife world and created games of fate that facilitated access to these realms. This groundbreaking volume offers an innovative comparison of these two civilizations. Through a combination of textual, art historical, and archaeological analyses, Ancient Egypt and Early China reveals shared structural traits of each civilization as well as distinctive features. |
| ancient egypt education system: Voices of Ancient Egypt Kay Winters, 2009 History. |
| ancient egypt education system: Daughters of Isis Joyce Tyldesley, 1995-03-30 In ancient Egypt women enjoyed a legal, social and sexual independence unrivalled by their Greek or Roman sisters, or in fact by most women until the late nineteenth century. They could own and trade in property, work outside the home, marry foreigners and live alone without the protection of a male guardian. Some of them even rose to rule Egypt as ‘female kings’. Joyce Tyldesley’s vivid history of how women lived in ancient Egypt weaves a fascinating picture of daily life – marriage and the home, work and play, grooming and religion – viewed from a female perspective, in a work that is engaging, original and constantly surprising. |
| ancient egypt education system: Religion in Ancient Egypt John Baines, Leonard H. Lesko, David P. Silverman, 1991 Lectures given at a symposium held in 1987, sponsored by Fordham University. |
| ancient egypt education system: Everyday Life in Ancient Egypt Jon Manchip White, 2012-05-11 Remarkably accurate picture of Egyptian life from the end of the third millenium BC to the Greek occupation in 330 BC. A handy reference tool. — Horn Book. 120 illustrations. |
| ancient egypt education system: History of Education Levi Seeley, 1904 |
| ancient egypt education system: Ancient Egypt David P. Silverman, 2003 In Ancient Egypt, eminent Egyptologist Silverman and a team of leading scholars explore the cultural wealth of this civilization in a series of intriguing and authoritative essays based on the latest theories and discoveries. 200+ color photos, maps, and charts. |
| ancient egypt education system: The Oxford Handbook of Egyptology Ian Shaw, Elizabeth Bloxam, 2020-05-11 The Oxford Handbook of Egyptology offers a comprehensive survey of the entire study of ancient Egypt, from prehistory through to the end of the Roman period. Authoritative yet accessible, and covering a wide range of topics, it is an invaluable resource for scholars, students, and general readers alike. |
| ancient egypt education system: An Illustrated Introduction to Ancient Egypt Charlotte Booth, 2014-07-15 Fascinated by history? Wish you knew more? All your historical needs met with the Illustrated Introductions. In this lavishly illustrated, accessible guide, find out everything you need to know about Ancient Egypt. |
| ancient egypt education system: A Brief History of Ancient Greece Sarah B. Pomeroy, 2009 The story of the ancient Greeks is one of the most improbable success stories in world history. A small group of people inhabiting a country poor in resources and divided into hundreds of quarreling states created one of the most remarkable civilizations ever. Comprehensive and balanced, A Brief History of Ancient Greece: Politics, Society, and Culture, Second Edition is a shorter version of the authors' highly successful Ancient Greece: A Political, Social, and Cultural History, Second Edition (OUP, 2008). Four leading authorities on the classical world offer a lively and up-to-date account of Greek civilization and history in all its complexity and variety, covering the entire period from the Bronze Age through the Hellenistic Era, and integrating the most recent research in archaeology, comparative anthropology, and social history. They show how the early Greeks borrowed from their neighbors but eventually developed a distinctive culture all their own, one that was marked by astonishing creativity, versatility, and resilience. Using physical evidence from archaeology, the written testimony of literary texts and inscriptions, and anthropological models based on comparative studies, this compact volume provides an account of the Greek world that is thoughtful and sophisticated yet accessible to students and general readers with little or no knowledge of Greece. |
| ancient egypt education system: Religion and Magic in Ancient Egypt Rosalie David, 2002-10-03 The ancient Egyptians believed that the Nile - their life source - was a divine gift. Religion and magic permeated their civilization, and this book provides a unique insight into their religious beliefs and practices, from 5000 BC to the 4th century AD, when Egyptian Christianity replaced the earlier customs. Arranged chronologically, this book provides a fascinating introduction to the world of half-human/ half-animal gods and goddesses; death rituals, the afterlife and mummification; the cult of sacred animals, pyramids, magic and medicine. An appendix contains translations of Ancient Eygtian spells. |
| ancient egypt education system: A Year in the Life of Ancient Egypt Ann Rosalie David, 2015-04-16 Based on years of prestigious academic work, Professor Rosalie David cleverly presents every aspect of life in ancient Egypt through the lives of various characters, all based on mummies from the Manchester Museum whom Professor Rosalie David has led the study of. Characters hail from all walks of life, including royalty, nobles, officials, craftsmen and peasants, allowing us an insight into absolutely every aspect of everyday, ritual and religious life in ancient Egypt. ??The book provides an overview of the many dynasties and kingdoms of ancient Egypt before beginning to tell the story of the lives of one family. All three seasons of inundation, planting and growing, and harvesting are covered as well as all ritual and religious events, including birth and death. The book is extremely easy to read and digest, however, the attention to detail and the vivid picture of life which we are able to build makes it clear that this book has been written by one of the leading authorities in Egyptology and mummy research.??The mummies are currently on a tour of the US titled 'Mummies of the World 2' and will return to Manchester following this tour. |
| ancient egypt education system: The Ancient Egyptian Economy Brian Muhs, 2016-08-02 The first economic history of ancient Egypt employing a New Institutional Economics approach and covering the entire pharaonic period, 3000-30 BCE. |
| ancient egypt education system: Egypt, Greece, and Rome Charles Freeman, 2004 Publisher description |
| ancient egypt education system: The Oxford Handbook of the History of Education John L. Rury, Eileen H. Tamura, 2019-06-17 This handbook offers a global view of the historical development of educational institutions, systems of schooling, ideas about education, and educational experiences. Its 36 chapters consider changing scholarship in the field, examine nationally-oriented works by comparing themes and approaches, lend international perspective on a range of issues in education, and provide suggestions for further research and analysis. Like many other subfields of historical analysis, the history of education has been deeply affected by global processes of social and political change, especially since the 1960s. The handbook weighs the influence of various interpretive perspectives, including revisionist viewpoints, taking particular note of changes in the past half century. Contributors consider how schooling and other educational experiences have been shaped by the larger social and political context, and how these influences have affected the experiences of students, their families and the educators who have worked with them. The Handbook provides insight and perspective on a wide range of topics, including pre-modern education, colonialism and anti-colonial struggles, indigenous education, minority issues in education, comparative, international, and transnational education, childhood education, non-formal and informal education, and a range of other issues. Each contribution includes endnotes and a bibliography for readers interested in further study. |
| ancient egypt education system: Ancient Egypt Lin Donn, Don Donn, 2012-01-01 Presenting lessons proven on the firing line, creative teacher Mr. Donn and his circus dog Maxie show how to immerse students in learning ancient history and keep them coming back for more. Sections feature well-structured plans supported by reproducibles, special lessons for the computer lab (with links and handouts), and additional lessons for substitute teachers. Topics in this unit include geography; the Nile; the Double Crown and the Three Kingdoms; hieroglyphics and the Rosetta Stone; major deities; pyramids and tombs; mummification and burial practices; temples; pharaohs; nobles, viziers, and priests; soldiers, scribes, artists, and peasants; daily life; and archaeology. Grades 6-8. Revised Edition. |
| ancient egypt education system: International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work Rupert Maclean, David Wilson, 2009-06-29 This six-volume handbook covers the latest practice in technical and vocational education and training (TVET). It presents TVET models from all over the world, reflections on the best and most innovative practice, and dozens of telling case studies. The handbook presents the work of established as well as the most promising young researchers and features unrivalled coverage of developments in research, policy and practice in TVET. |
| ancient egypt education system: The Ancient Egyptian Culture Revealed,2nd edition Moustafa Gadalla, 2016-12-02 This book reveals several aspects of the Ancient Egyptian culture, such as the very remote antiquities of Egypt; the Egyptian characteristics and religious beliefs and practices; their social/political system; their cosmic temples; the richness of their language; musical heritage and comprehensive sciences; their advanced medicine; their vibrant economy; excellent agricultural and manufactured products; their transportation system; and much more. This Expanded Edition of the book consists of four Parts with a total of 16 Chapters, as well as three Appendices. Part I : The Peoples of Egypt consists of four chapters 1 through 4, as follows: Chapter 1: The Beginning covers the age of the Egyptian antiquities being at least 39000 years, in accordance with archaeological, historical and physical evidence; the Age of Leo and the Sphinx; as well as the age of the Egyptian Sothic calendar which is by far the most accurate calendar ever. Chapter 2: The Egyptian Populous covers the roots and characteristics of the [Ancient]Egyptian people, their housings, their settlements throughout the world; and the roles of foreigners in the history of Ancient Egypt. Chapter 3: The Most Religious covers Egyptian cosmology; monotheism and polytheism; animal symbolism ,creation of the universe, the concept of Maat; and the spread of the Ancient Egyptian religion throughout the world under new names. Chapter 4: The Social/Political Order covers the basis and applications of the matrilineal/matriarchal principles; the matrilocal communities; the Egyptian grassroots republic system; the dual overseeing/administration governing system; and the documentation order of all matters in the Egyptian society Part II : The Cosmic Correlations consists of three chapters 5 through 7, as follows: Chapter 5: As Above, So Below covers the principles and applications of cosmic consciousness in the life of the Egyptians; and the cyclical renewal festivals as a form of such principles Chapter 6: The Pharaoh, The Cosmic Link covers the true rule of the Egyptian pharaoh as a Master Servant; how did the people rule; and much more. Chapter 7: Egyptian Temples provides a quick overview of the real function/objective of the Egyptian temple; the harmonic design parameters; and much more. Part III : The Learned Egyptian consists of five chapters 8 through 12, as follows: Chapter 8: The Divine Language provides a quick overview of the modes of writing in Ancient Egypt -- the alphabetical form of writing and the imagery pictorial metaphysical symbols/script ; as well as the cultured aspects of the Egyptian alphabetical language Chapter 9: The Egyptian Musical Heritage provides a quick overview of its musical heritage; the musical orchestras; the wide range of musical instruments; as well as dancing and ballet in Ancient Egypt. Chapter 10; Health and Medicine provides a quick overview about the international highest regards for Egyptian medicine; its medical profession; contents of the some Egyptian medical papyri regarding diagnosis, cures and treatments of various ailments, surgeries; and the wide range of prescriptions Chapter 11: Astronomy covers the astonishing accurate astronomical knowledge and practices such as astronomical observations and recordings, the zodiac cycle,etc Chapter 12: Geometry and Mathematics covers a quick overview of the subjects of sacred geometry and natural science, geodesy, mathematics & numerology; as well as their knowledge and applications of the sacred “ratios” of Pi and Phi. Part IV : The Vibrant Economy consists of four chapters 13 through 16, as follows: Chapter 13: The Cultivating Culture covers the outstanding application of dry-weather farming techniques; societal division of labor; and the farming community Chapter 14; The Manufacturing Industries covers The Egyptian knowledge of metallurgy & metalworking; their golden silver (electrum) products; their copper and bronze products; their glazing (glass and glazing) products; their iron products; their mining activities; miscellaneous products such as woodwork; fabrics; pottery; leather; paper; as well as some miscellaneous technological applications Chapter 15: Transportation Infrastructure covers a quick overview of the various high quality types of the Egyptian ships; major Egyptian coastal harbors; land transportation; as well as patrons and shrines of travel Chapter 16: The Market Economy covers the workings of the Egyptian market economy; business transactions; Egyptian exports (goods and services); Egyptian imports; as well as the rise and fall of international commerce, that was tied to Ancient Egypt as the economical engine of the ancient world. The contents of the three appendices are evident from their titles; being: Appendix A: Photographs -- The Rising Valley Appendix B: Photographs -- The Age of Leo and The Sphinx Appendix C: Photographs -- Astronomy |
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