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| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence for COVID-19 Diego Oliva, Said Ali Hassan, Ali Mohamed, 2021-07-19 This book presents a compilation of the most recent implementation of artificial intelligence methods for solving different problems generated by the COVID-19. The problems addressed came from different fields and not only from medicine. The information contained in the book explores different areas of machine and deep learning, advanced image processing, computational intelligence, IoT, robotics and automation, optimization, mathematical modeling, neural networks, information technology, big data, data processing, data mining, and likewise. Moreover, the chapters include the theory and methodologies used to provide an overview of applying these tools to the useful contribution to help to face the emerging disaster. The book is primarily intended for researchers, decision makers, practitioners, and readers interested in these subject matters. The book is useful also as rich case studies and project proposals for postgraduate courses in those specializations. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Robot Law Ryan Calo, A Michael Froomkin, Ian Kerr, 2016-01-29 Like the Internet before it, robotics is a socially and economically transformative technology. Robot Law explores how the increasing sophistication of robots and their widespread deployment into hospitals, public spaces, and battlefields requires rethinking of a wide variety of philosophical and public policy issues, including how this technology interacts with existing legal regimes, and thus may inspire changes in policy and in law. This volume collects the efforts of a diverse group of scholars who each, in their own way, has worked to overcome barriers in order to facilitate necessary and timely discussions of a technology in its infancy. Identifying controversial legal, ethical, and philosophical problems, the authors reveal how issues surrounding robotics and regulation are more complicated than engineers could have anticipated, and just how much definitional and applied work remains to be done. This groundbreaking examination of a brand-new reality will be of interest and of use to a variety of groups as the authors include engineers, ethicists, lawyers, roboticists, philosophers, and serving military. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Beyond Data Alessandro Mantelero, 2022-06-08 This open access book focuses on the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on individuals and society from a legal perspective, providing a comprehensive risk-based methodological framework to address it. Building on the limitations of data protection in dealing with the challenges of AI, the author proposes an integrated approach to risk assessment that focuses on human rights and encompasses contextual social and ethical values. The core of the analysis concerns the assessment methodology and the role of experts in steering the design of AI products and services by business and public bodies in the direction of human rights and societal values. Taking into account the ongoing debate on AI regulation, the proposed assessment model also bridges the gap between risk-based provisions and their real-world implementation. The central focus of the book on human rights and societal values in AI and the proposed solutions will make it of interest to legal scholars, AI developers and providers, policy makers and regulators. Alessandro Mantelero is Associate Professor of Private Law and Law & Technology in the Department of Management and Production Engineering at the Politecnico di Torino in Turin, Italy. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Quantifying Environmental Impact Assessments Using Fuzzy Logic Richard B. Shepard, 2005-06-23 Fuzzy logic enables people preparing environmental impact statements to quantify complex environmental, economic and social conditions. This reduces the time and cost of assessments, while producing justifiable results. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Constitutional Challenges in the Algorithmic Society Hans-W. Micklitz, Oreste Pollicino, Amnon Reichman, Andrea Simoncini, Giovanni Sartor, Giovanni De Gregorio, 2021-12-02 New technologies have always challenged the social, economic, legal, and ideological status quo. Constitutional law is no less impacted by such technologically driven transformations, as the state must formulate a legal response to new technologies and their market applications, as well as the state's own use of new technology. In particular, the development of data collection, data mining, and algorithmic analysis by public and private actors present unique challenges to public law at the doctrinal as well as the theoretical level. This collection, aimed at legal scholars and practitioners, describes the constitutional challenges created by the algorithmic society. It offers an important synthesis of the state of play in law and technology studies, addressing the challenges for fundamental rights and democracy, the role of policy and regulation, and the responsibilities of private actors. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Trustworthy AI Beena Ammanath, 2022-03-15 An essential resource on artificial intelligence ethics for business leaders In Trustworthy AI, award-winning executive Beena Ammanath offers a practical approach for enterprise leaders to manage business risk in a world where AI is everywhere by understanding the qualities of trustworthy AI and the essential considerations for its ethical use within the organization and in the marketplace. The author draws from her extensive experience across different industries and sectors in data, analytics and AI, the latest research and case studies, and the pressing questions and concerns business leaders have about the ethics of AI. Filled with deep insights and actionable steps for enabling trust across the entire AI lifecycle, the book presents: In-depth investigations of the key characteristics of trustworthy AI, including transparency, fairness, reliability, privacy, safety, robustness, and more A close look at the potential pitfalls, challenges, and stakeholder concerns that impact trust in AI application Best practices, mechanisms, and governance considerations for embedding AI ethics in business processes and decision making Written to inform executives, managers, and other business leaders, Trustworthy AI breaks new ground as an essential resource for all organizations using AI. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Handbook of Regulatory Impact Assessment Claire A. Dunlop, Claudio M. Radaelli, 2016-04-29 Regulatory impact assessment (RIA) is the main instrument used by governments and regulators to appraise the likely effects of their policy proposals. This pioneering Handbook provides a comparative and comprehensive account of this tool, situating it in the relevant theoretical traditions and scrutinizing its use across countries, policy sectors and policy instruments. Comprising six parts, university researchers, international consultants and practitioners working in international organizations examine regulatory impact assessment from many perspectives, which include: • research traditions in the social sciences • implementation, regulatory indicators and effects • tools and dimensions such as courts and gender • sectoral case studies including environment, enterprise and international development • international diffusion in the European Union (EU), Americas, Asia and developing countries • appraisal, training and education. With its wealth of detail and lessons to be learned, the Handbook of Regulatory Impact Assessment will undoubtedly be of great value to practitioners and scholars working in governance, political science and socio-legal studies. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: The Cambridge Handbook of the Law of Algorithms Woodrow Barfield, 2020-11-05 Algorithms are a fundamental building block of artificial intelligence - and, increasingly, society - but our legal institutions have largely failed to recognize or respond to this reality. The Cambridge Handbook of the Law of Algorithms, which features contributions from US, EU, and Asian legal scholars, discusses the specific challenges algorithms pose not only to current law, but also - as algorithms replace people as decision makers - to the foundations of society itself. The work includes wide coverage of the law as it relates to algorithms, with chapters analyzing how human biases have crept into algorithmic decision-making about who receives housing or credit, the length of sentences for defendants convicted of crimes, and many other decisions that impact constitutionally protected groups. Other issues covered in the work include the impact of algorithms on the law of free speech, intellectual property, and commercial and human rights law. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Big Data, Health Law, and Bioethics I. Glenn Cohen, Holly Fernandez Lynch, Effy Vayena, Urs Gasser, 2018-03-08 When data from all aspects of our lives can be relevant to our health - from our habits at the grocery store and our Google searches to our FitBit data and our medical records - can we really differentiate between big data and health big data? Will health big data be used for good, such as to improve drug safety, or ill, as in insurance discrimination? Will it disrupt health care (and the health care system) as we know it? Will it be possible to protect our health privacy? What barriers will there be to collecting and utilizing health big data? What role should law play, and what ethical concerns may arise? This timely, groundbreaking volume explores these questions and more from a variety of perspectives, examining how law promotes or discourages the use of big data in the health care sphere, and also what we can learn from other sectors. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence Needs Assessment Survey in Africa Neupane, Bhanu, Sibal, Prateek, UNESCO, 2021-01-22 |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Adam Bohr, Kaveh Memarzadeh, 2020-06-21 Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Healthcare is more than a comprehensive introduction to artificial intelligence as a tool in the generation and analysis of healthcare data. The book is split into two sections where the first section describes the current healthcare challenges and the rise of AI in this arena. The ten following chapters are written by specialists in each area, covering the whole healthcare ecosystem. First, the AI applications in drug design and drug development are presented followed by its applications in the field of cancer diagnostics, treatment and medical imaging. Subsequently, the application of AI in medical devices and surgery are covered as well as remote patient monitoring. Finally, the book dives into the topics of security, privacy, information sharing, health insurances and legal aspects of AI in healthcare. - Highlights different data techniques in healthcare data analysis, including machine learning and data mining - Illustrates different applications and challenges across the design, implementation and management of intelligent systems and healthcare data networks - Includes applications and case studies across all areas of AI in healthcare data |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Machine Learning Risk Assessments in Criminal Justice Settings Richard Berk, 2018-12-13 This book puts in one place and in accessible form Richard Berk’s most recent work on forecasts of re-offending by individuals already in criminal justice custody. Using machine learning statistical procedures trained on very large datasets, an explicit introduction of the relative costs of forecasting errors as the forecasts are constructed, and an emphasis on maximizing forecasting accuracy, the author shows how his decades of research on the topic improves forecasts of risk. Criminal justice risk forecasts anticipate the future behavior of specified individuals, rather than “predictive policing” for locations in time and space, which is a very different enterprise that uses different data different data analysis tools. The audience for this book includes graduate students and researchers in the social sciences, and data analysts in criminal justice agencies. Formal mathematics is used only as necessary or in concert with more intuitive explanations. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Regulating Artificial Intelligence Thomas Wischmeyer, Timo Rademacher, 2019-11-29 This book assesses the normative and practical challenges for artificial intelligence (AI) regulation, offers comprehensive information on the laws that currently shape or restrict the design or use of AI, and develops policy recommendations for those areas in which regulation is most urgently needed. By gathering contributions from scholars who are experts in their respective fields of legal research, it demonstrates that AI regulation is not a specialized sub-discipline, but affects the entire legal system and thus concerns all lawyers. Machine learning-based technology, which lies at the heart of what is commonly referred to as AI, is increasingly being employed to make policy and business decisions with broad social impacts, and therefore runs the risk of causing wide-scale damage. At the same time, AI technology is becoming more and more complex and difficult to understand, making it harder to determine whether or not it is being used in accordance with the law. In light of this situation, even tech enthusiasts are calling for stricter regulation of AI. Legislators, too, are stepping in and have begun to pass AI laws, including the prohibition of automated decision-making systems in Article 22 of the General Data Protection Regulation, the New York City AI transparency bill, and the 2017 amendments to the German Cartel Act and German Administrative Procedure Act. While the belief that something needs to be done is widely shared, there is far less clarity about what exactly can or should be done, or what effective regulation might look like. The book is divided into two major parts, the first of which focuses on features common to most AI systems, and explores how they relate to the legal framework for data-driven technologies, which already exists in the form of (national and supra-national) constitutional law, EU data protection and competition law, and anti-discrimination law. In the second part, the book examines in detail a number of relevant sectors in which AI is increasingly shaping decision-making processes, ranging from the notorious social media and the legal, financial and healthcare industries, to fields like law enforcement and tax law, in which we can observe how regulation by AI is becoming a reality. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Public Administration Alan Shark, 2019-04 |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: The Assessment List for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (ALTAI) Pekka Ala-Pietilä , Yann Bonnet, Urs Bergmann, Maria Bielikova , Cecilia Bonefeld-Dahl, Wilhelm Bauer, Loubna Bouarfa , Raja Chatila, Mark Coeckelbergh , Virginia Dignum , Jean-Francois Gagné , Joanna Goodey, Sami Haddadin , Gry Hasselbalch, Fredrik Heintz, Fanny Hidvegi , Klaus Höckner, Mari-Noëlle Jégo-Laveissière, Leo Kärkkäinen, Sabine Theresia Köszegi , Robert Kroplewski , Ieva Martinkenaite, Raoul Mallart , Catelijne Muller, Cécile Wendling , Barry O’Sullivan , Ursula Pachl, Nicolas Petit , Andrea Renda, Francesca Rossi , Karen Yeung, Françoise Soulié Fogelman , Jaan Tallinn , Jakob Uszkoreit , Aimee Van Wynsberghe , 2020-07-17 On the 17 of July 2020, the High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI HLEG) presented their final Assessment List for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence. Following a piloting process where over 350 stakeholders participated, an earlier prototype of the list was revised and translated into a tool to support AI developers and deployers in developing Trustworthy AI. The tool supports the actionability the key requirements outlined by the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (AI), presented by the High-Level Expert Group on AI (AI HLEG) presented to the European Commission, in April 2019. The Ethics Guidelines introduced the concept of Trustworthy AI, based on seven key requirements: human agency and oversight technical robustness and safety privacy and data governance transparency diversity, non-discrimination and fairness environmental and societal well-being and accountability Through the Assessment List for Trustworthy AI (ALTAI), AI principles are translated into an accessible and dynamic checklist that guides developers and deployers of AI in implementing such principles in practice. ALTAI will help to ensure that users benefit from AI without being exposed to unnecessary risks by indicating a set of concrete steps for self-assessment. Download the Assessment List for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (ALTAI) (.pdf) The ALTAI is also available in a web-based tool version. More on the ALTAI web-based tool: https://futurium.ec.europa.eu/en/european-ai-alliance/pages/altai-assessment-list-trustworthy-artificial-intelligence |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: The Economics of Artificial Intelligence Ajay Agrawal, Joshua Gans, Avi Goldfarb, Catherine Tucker, 2024-03-05 A timely investigation of the potential economic effects, both realized and unrealized, of artificial intelligence within the United States healthcare system. In sweeping conversations about the impact of artificial intelligence on many sectors of the economy, healthcare has received relatively little attention. Yet it seems unlikely that an industry that represents nearly one-fifth of the economy could escape the efficiency and cost-driven disruptions of AI. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Health Care Challenges brings together contributions from health economists, physicians, philosophers, and scholars in law, public health, and machine learning to identify the primary barriers to entry of AI in the healthcare sector. Across original papers and in wide-ranging responses, the contributors analyze barriers of four types: incentives, management, data availability, and regulation. They also suggest that AI has the potential to improve outcomes and lower costs. Understanding both the benefits of and barriers to AI adoption is essential for designing policies that will affect the evolution of the healthcare system. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: An Introductory Guide to Artificial Intelligence for Legal Professionals Juan Pavón, María Jesús González-Espejo, 2020-05-14 The availability of very large data sets and the increase in computing power to process them has led to a renewed intensity in corporate and governmental use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. This groundbreaking book, the first devoted entirely to the growing presence of AI in the legal profession, responds to the necessity of building up a discipline that due to its novelty requires the pooling of knowledge and experiences of well-respected experts in the AI field, taking into account the impact of AI on the law and legal practice. Essays by internationally known expert authors introduce the essentials of AI in a straightforward and intelligible style, offering jurists as many practical examples and business cases as possible so that they are able to understand the real application of this technology and its impact on their jobs and lives. Elements of the analysis include the following: crucial terms: natural language processing, machine learning and deep learning; regulations in force in major jurisdictions; ethical and social issues; labour and employment issues, including the impact that robots have on employment; prediction of outcome in the legal field (judicial proceedings, patent granting, etc.); massive analysis of documents and identification of patterns from which to derive conclusions; AI and taxation; issues of competition and intellectual property; liability and responsibility of intelligent systems; AI and cybersecurity; AI and data protection; impact on state tax revenues; use of autonomous killer robots in the military; challenges related to privacy; the need to embrace transparency and sustainability; pressure brought by clients on prices; minority languages and AI; danger that the existing gap between large and small businesses will further increase; how to avoid algorithmic biases when AI decides; AI application to due diligence; AI and non-disclosure agreements; and the role of chatbots. Interviews with pioneers in the field are included, so readers get insights into the issues that people are dealing with in day-to-day actualities. Whether conceiving AI as a transformative technology of the labour market and training or an economic and business sector in need of legal advice, this introduction to AI will help practitioners in tax law, labour law, competition law and intellectual property law understand what AI is, what it serves, what is the state of the art and the potential of this technology, how they can benefit from its advantages and what are the risks it presents. As the global economy continues to suffer the repercussions of a framework that was previously fundamentally self-regulatory, policymakers will recognize the urgent need to formulate rules to properly manage the future of AI. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging Erik R. Ranschaert, Sergey Morozov, Paul R. Algra, 2019-01-29 This book provides a thorough overview of the ongoing evolution in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) within healthcare and radiology, enabling readers to gain a deeper insight into the technological background of AI and the impacts of new and emerging technologies on medical imaging. After an introduction on game changers in radiology, such as deep learning technology, the technological evolution of AI in computing science and medical image computing is described, with explanation of basic principles and the types and subtypes of AI. Subsequent sections address the use of imaging biomarkers, the development and validation of AI applications, and various aspects and issues relating to the growing role of big data in radiology. Diverse real-life clinical applications of AI are then outlined for different body parts, demonstrating their ability to add value to daily radiology practices. The concluding section focuses on the impact of AI on radiology and the implications for radiologists, for example with respect to training. Written by radiologists and IT professionals, the book will be of high value for radiologists, medical/clinical physicists, IT specialists, and imaging informatics professionals. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence Committee on Technology National Science and Technology Council, Committee on Technology, 2016-10-30 Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology have opened up new markets and new opportunities for progress in critical areas such as health, education, energy, and the environment. In recent years, machines have surpassed humans in the performance of certain specific tasks, such as some aspects of image recognition. Experts forecast that rapid progress in the field of specialized artificial intelligence will continue. Although it is very unlikely that machines will exhibit broadly-applicable intelligence comparable to or exceeding that of humans in the next 20 years, it is to be expected that machines will reach and exceed human performance on more and more tasks. As a contribution toward preparing the United States for a future in which AI plays a growing role, this report surveys the current state of AI, its existing and potential applications, and the questions that are raised for society and public policy by progress in AI. The report also makes recommendations for specific further actions by Federal agencies and other actors. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence for a Better Future Bernd Carsten Stahl, 2021-03-17 This open access book proposes a novel approach to Artificial Intelligence (AI) ethics. AI offers many advantages: better and faster medical diagnoses, improved business processes and efficiency, and the automation of boring work. But undesirable and ethically problematic consequences are possible too: biases and discrimination, breaches of privacy and security, and societal distortions such as unemployment, economic exploitation and weakened democratic processes. There is even a prospect, ultimately, of super-intelligent machines replacing humans. The key question, then, is: how can we benefit from AI while addressing its ethical problems? This book presents an innovative answer to the question by presenting a different perspective on AI and its ethical consequences. Instead of looking at individual AI techniques, applications or ethical issues, we can understand AI as a system of ecosystems, consisting of numerous interdependent technologies, applications and stakeholders. Developing this idea, the book explores how AI ecosystems can be shaped to foster human flourishing. Drawing on rich empirical insights and detailed conceptual analysis, it suggests practical measures to ensure that AI is used to make the world a better place. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: OECD Business and Finance Outlook 2021 AI in Business and Finance OECD, 2021-09-24 The OECD Business and Finance Outlook is an annual publication that presents unique data and analysis on the trends, both positive and negative, that are shaping tomorrow’s world of business, finance and investment. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: AI and education Miao, Fengchun, Holmes, Wayne, Ronghuai Huang, Hui Zhang, UNESCO, 2021-04-08 Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to address some of the biggest challenges in education today, innovate teaching and learning practices, and ultimately accelerate the progress towards SDG 4. However, these rapid technological developments inevitably bring multiple risks and challenges, which have so far outpaced policy debates and regulatory frameworks. This publication offers guidance for policy-makers on how best to leverage the opportunities and address the risks, presented by the growing connection between AI and education. It starts with the essentials of AI: definitions, techniques and technologies. It continues with a detailed analysis of the emerging trends and implications of AI for teaching and learning, including how we can ensure the ethical, inclusive and equitable use of AI in education, how education can prepare humans to live and work with AI, and how AI can be applied to enhance education. It finally introduces the challenges of harnessing AI to achieve SDG 4 and offers concrete actionable recommendations for policy-makers to plan policies and programmes for local contexts. [Publisher summary, ed] |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Powering the Digital Economy: Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Finance El Bachir Boukherouaa, Mr. Ghiath Shabsigh, Khaled AlAjmi, Jose Deodoro, Aquiles Farias, Ebru S Iskender, Mr. Alin T Mirestean, Rangachary Ravikumar, 2021-10-22 This paper discusses the impact of the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the financial sector. It highlights the benefits these technologies bring in terms of financial deepening and efficiency, while raising concerns about its potential in widening the digital divide between advanced and developing economies. The paper advances the discussion on the impact of this technology by distilling and categorizing the unique risks that it could pose to the integrity and stability of the financial system, policy challenges, and potential regulatory approaches. The evolving nature of this technology and its application in finance means that the full extent of its strengths and weaknesses is yet to be fully understood. Given the risk of unexpected pitfalls, countries will need to strengthen prudential oversight. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights , 2023-09-01 The scope of Artificial Intelligence's (AI) hold on modern life is only just beginning to be fully understood. Academics, professionals, policymakers, and legislators are analysing the effects of AI in the legal realm, notably in human rights work. Artificial Intelligence technologies and modern human rights have lived parallel lives for the last sixty years, and they continue to evolve with one another as both fields take shape. Human Rights and Artificial Intelligence explores the effects of AI on both the concept of human rights and on specific topics, including civil and political rights, privacy, non-discrimination, fair procedure, and asylum. Second- and third-generation human rights are also addressed. By mapping this relationship, the book clarifies the benefits and risks for human rights as new AI applications are designed and deployed. Its granular perspective makes Human Rights and Artificial Intelligence a seminal text on the legal ramifications of machine learning. This expansive volume will be useful to academics and professionals navigating the complex relationship between AI and human rights. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: An Intelligence in Our Image Osonde A. Osoba, William Welser IV, William Welser, 2017-04-05 Machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence influence many aspects of life today. This report identifies some of their shortcomings and associated policy risks and examines some approaches for combating these problems. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence Kerrigan, Charles, 2022-03-17 This timely book provides an extensive overview and analysis of the law and regulation as it applies to the technology and uses of Artificial Intelligence (AI). It examines the human and ethical concerns associated with the technology, the history of AI and AI in commercial contexts. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Fostering Communication and Learning With Underutilized Technologies in Higher Education Ali, Mohammed Banu, Wood-Harper, Trevor, 2020-09-04 Higher education is undergoing radical changes with the arrival of emerging technology that can facilitate better teaching and learning experiences. However, with a lack of technical awareness, technophobia, and security and trust issues, there are several barriers to the uptake of emerging technologies. As a result, many of these new technologies have been overlooked or underutilized. In the information systems and higher education domains, there exists a need to explore underutilized technologies in higher education that can foster communication and learning. Fostering Communication and Learning With Underutilized Technologies in Higher Education is a critical reference source that provides contemporary theories in the area of technology-driven communication and learning in higher education. The book offers new knowledge about educational technologies and explores such themes as artificial intelligence, digital learning platforms, gamification tools, and interactive exhibits. The target audience includes researchers, academicians, practitioners, and students who are working or have a keen interest in information systems, learning technologies, and technology-led teaching and learning. Moreover, the book provides an understanding and support to higher education practitioners, faculty, educational board members, technology vendors and firms, and the Ministry of Education. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Health Impact Assessment John Kemm, Jayne Parry, Stephen Palmer, Stephen R. Palmer, 2004-04 This book gives a comprehensive overview of the concepts, theory, techniques and applications of Health Impact Assessment to aid all those preparing projects or carrying out assessments. It draws on examples and thinking from many different disciplines and many parts of the world. This is the first easily accessible book, which reviews the whole field. It is likely to become the standard reference for HIA and the first place that anyone seeking to learn about the subject will turn. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI Markus D. Dubber, Frank Pasquale, Sunit Das, 2020-06-30 This volume tackles a quickly-evolving field of inquiry, mapping the existing discourse as part of a general attempt to place current developments in historical context; at the same time, breaking new ground in taking on novel subjects and pursuing fresh approaches. The term A.I. is used to refer to a broad range of phenomena, from machine learning and data mining to artificial general intelligence. The recent advent of more sophisticated AI systems, which function with partial or full autonomy and are capable of tasks which require learning and 'intelligence', presents difficult ethical questions, and has drawn concerns from many quarters about individual and societal welfare, democratic decision-making, moral agency, and the prevention of harm. This work ranges from explorations of normative constraints on specific applications of machine learning algorithms today-in everyday medical practice, for instance-to reflections on the (potential) status of AI as a form of consciousness with attendant rights and duties and, more generally still, on the conceptual terms and frameworks necessarily to understand tasks requiring intelligence, whether human or A.I. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence John McDaniel, Ken Pease, 2021-02-25 This edited text draws together the insights of numerous worldwide eminent academics to evaluate the condition of predictive policing and artificial intelligence (AI) as interlocked policy areas. Predictive and AI technologies are growing in prominence and at an unprecedented rate. Powerful digital crime mapping tools are being used to identify crime hotspots in real-time, as pattern-matching and search algorithms are sorting through huge police databases populated by growing volumes of data in an eff ort to identify people liable to experience (or commit) crime, places likely to host it, and variables associated with its solvability. Facial and vehicle recognition cameras are locating criminals as they move, while police services develop strategies informed by machine learning and other kinds of predictive analytics. Many of these innovations are features of modern policing in the UK, the US and Australia, among other jurisdictions. AI promises to reduce unnecessary labour, speed up various forms of police work, encourage police forces to more efficiently apportion their resources, and enable police officers to prevent crime and protect people from a variety of future harms. However, the promises of predictive and AI technologies and innovations do not always match reality. They often have significant weaknesses, come at a considerable cost and require challenging trade- off s to be made. Focusing on the UK, the US and Australia, this book explores themes of choice architecture, decision- making, human rights, accountability and the rule of law, as well as future uses of AI and predictive technologies in various policing contexts. The text contributes to ongoing debates on the benefits and biases of predictive algorithms, big data sets, machine learning systems, and broader policing strategies and challenges. Written in a clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students and scholars of policing, criminology, crime science, sociology, computer science, cognitive psychology and all those interested in the emergence of AI as a feature of contemporary policing. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence Harvard Business Review, 2019 Companies that don't use AI to their advantage will soon be left behind. Artificial intelligence and machine learning will drive a massive reshaping of the economy and society. What should you and your company be doing right now to ensure that your business is poised for success? These articles by AI experts and consultants will help you understand today's essential thinking on what AI is capable of now, how to adopt it in your organization, and how the technology is likely to evolve in the near future. Artificial Intelligence: The Insights You Need from Harvard Business Review will help you spearhead important conversations, get going on the right AI initiatives for your company, and capitalize on the opportunity of the machine intelligence revolution. Catch up on current topics and deepen your understanding of them with the Insights You Need series from Harvard Business Review. Featuring some of HBR's best and most recent thinking, Insights You Need titles are both a primer on today's most pressing issues and an extension of the conversation, with interesting research, interviews, case studies, and practical ideas to help you explore how a particular issue will impact your company and what it will mean for you and your business. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence and International Human Rights Law Michał Balcerzak, Julia Kapelańska-Pręgowska, 2024-10-03 This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License. It is free to read, download and share on Elgaronline.com. The open access publication has been financially supported by Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń as part of the research project: “Freedom or Security? Legal and Ethical Dilemmas of New Digital Technologies - the Perspective of International Human Rights Law and Security Policies” (IDUB grant, “Inter disciplinas excellentia”) This book explores how international organizations have addressed the actual and potential human rights issues caused by AI technologies. Combining in-depth theoretical and doctrinal analysis with a pragmatic approach, it addresses vital questions on where accountability and responsibility for AI-related violations of human rights should lie. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: OECD Principles of Corporate Governance OECD, 1999-10-06 These principles of corporate governance, endorsed by the OECD Council at Ministerial level in 1999, provide guidelines and standards to insure inclusion, accountability and abilit to attract capital. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence in Society OECD, 2019-06-11 The artificial intelligence (AI) landscape has evolved significantly from 1950 when Alan Turing first posed the question of whether machines can think. Today, AI is transforming societies and economies. It promises to generate productivity gains, improve well-being and help address global challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity and health crises. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence in Behavioral and Mental Health Care David D. Luxton, 2015-09-10 Artificial Intelligence in Behavioral and Mental Health Care summarizes recent advances in artificial intelligence as it applies to mental health clinical practice. Each chapter provides a technical description of the advance, review of application in clinical practice, and empirical data on clinical efficacy. In addition, each chapter includes a discussion of practical issues in clinical settings, ethical considerations, and limitations of use. The book encompasses AI based advances in decision-making, in assessment and treatment, in providing education to clients, robot assisted task completion, and the use of AI for research and data gathering. This book will be of use to mental health practitioners interested in learning about, or incorporating AI advances into their practice and for researchers interested in a comprehensive review of these advances in one source. - Summarizes AI advances for use in mental health practice - Includes advances in AI based decision-making and consultation - Describes AI applications for assessment and treatment - Details AI advances in robots for clinical settings - Provides empirical data on clinical efficacy - Explores practical issues of use in clinical settings |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Geographies Seyed Navid Mashhadi Moghaddam, |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Paul Voigt, Axel von dem Bussche, 2017-08-07 This book provides expert advice on the practical implementation of the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and systematically analyses its various provisions. Examples, tables, a checklist etc. showcase the practical consequences of the new legislation. The handbook examines the GDPR’s scope of application, the organizational and material requirements for data protection, the rights of data subjects, the role of the Supervisory Authorities, enforcement and fines under the GDPR, and national particularities. In addition, it supplies a brief outlook on the legal consequences for seminal data processing areas, such as Cloud Computing, Big Data and the Internet of Things.Adopted in 2016, the General Data Protection Regulation will come into force in May 2018. It provides for numerous new and intensified data protection obligations, as well as a significant increase in fines (up to 20 million euros). As a result, not only companies located within the European Union will have to change their approach to data security; due to the GDPR’s broad, transnational scope of application, it will affect numerous companies worldwide. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Handbook of Environmental Impact Assessment Fonseca, Alberto, 2022-09-08 Reviewing over 50 years of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) policy-making and implementation around the world, this thought-provoking Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the current research surrounding EIA. Presenting new trends in law and policy-making, it highlights best practices in the application of technology to impact prediction and management, procedural efficiency, decision-making and public participation. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Global Trends 2040 National Intelligence Council, 2021-03 The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come. -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading. |
| artificial intelligence impact assessment: Ethics and governance of artificial intelligence for health , 2021-06-28 This WHO Guidance document discusses ethical and governance issues as they arise in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for health. It contains a set of principles, recommendations, and checklists for selected end-users. The target audience is Ministries of Health, AI developers, health care workers, and industry. |
Guidance for the Development of AI Risk and Impact …
Risk and impact assessments should include banning the use of specific AI systems that pres-ent unacceptable risks, to ensure that fundamental values and safety are not compromised.
Generative Artificial Intelligence Risk Assessment
This risk assessment applies to free GenAI products and services, defined as any free software or service that interacts with state data. Examples include users entering state data into …
The NIST Assessing Risks and Impacts of AI (ARIA) Pilot …
ARIA (Assessing Risks and Impacts of AI) is a NIST AI Innovation Lab (NAIIL) program for improving AI risk and impact assessment. ARIA evaluation outcomes may improve AI …
The State of Digital Impact Assessment Practice - IAIA
This document provides perspective about what the Authors and the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) consider to be current progress in the application of digital …
Impact Assessment, Risk Assessment and Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence tools can support Human Analysis; to improve consistency and transparency in the assessment of Risk Methods for characterization of uncertainty should be advanced; …
Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law Impact …
Rule of Law Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Systems (HRDRA) (I). In the second section, the document presents existing impact assessment tools and guidance which either r lates to AI in …
BSA: Impact Assessments: A Key Part of AI Accountability
Impact assessments are an important and proven accountability tool to identify and mitigate risks, which can promote the responsible development and use of high-risk AI systems.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND COVID -19: APPLICATIONS …
This assessment demonstrates a vital need for technical validation of all applications (both medical triage and contact tracing) to ensure they are medically sound before implementation. …
Artificial Intelligence on Impact Assessment: a preliminary …
Using an Artificial intelligence chatbot to critically review the scientific literature on the use of Artificial intelligence in Environmental Impact Assessment, Impact Assessment and Project …
Overview Conducting an AI Risk Assessment - Mayer Brown
agement of risk as part of AI governance. To conduct a risk assessment, an organization's AI governance team should first identify and rank the risks as unacceptable (prohibited), high, …
A survey of artificial intelligence risk assessment methodologies
While risk assessment is about identification, analysis and evaluation of threats and vulnerabilities, impact assessment goes further by considering implications, both positive and …
Guidance for the Development of AI Risk and Impact …
Apr 1, 2021 · The Need for AI Risk and Impact Assessments Artificial intelligence (AI) helps individuals and organizations enhance the speed and quality of decision-making, but the rise of …
Regulating Artificial Intelligence: U.S. and International …
Artificial intelligence systems use machine and human-based inputs to- (A) perceive real and virtual environments; (B) abstract such perceptions into models through analysis in an …
HUMAN RIGHTS IMPACT ASSESSMENTS FOR AI: ANALYSIS …
Feb 8, 2021 · The public and private sectors are increasingly turning to the use of algorithmic or artificial intelligence impact assessments (AIAs) as a means to identify and mitigate harms from …
COMMITTEE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (CAI) - rm.coe.int
The purpose of the Risk and Impact Assessment is to provide detailed evaluations of the potential and actual impacts which the activities within the lifecycle of an AI system could have on …
Joint Cybersecurity Information
Executive summary This Cybersecurity Information Sheet (CSI) provides essential guidance on securing data used in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) systems. It also …
Using an Artificial intelligence chatbot to critically review the ...
AI large language model (LLM) chatbots have the potential to increase the eficiency of EIA research, but their outputs can create concerns. This paper investigates the potential time …
Study supporting the impact assessment of the AI regulation
This Study, completed for the European Commission, DG CONNECT, supports the Impact Assessment of the European Commission’s proposed Regulation on a European approach to …
Impact Assessment template - GOV.UK
Artificial Intelligence is defined in the national AI strategy1 as “Machines that perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence, especially when the machines learn from data how to do...
Requirements for Artificial Intelligence - ITI c
AI-driven medical diagnostics can alert doctors to early warning signs to help them treat patients more capably. Increasingly intelligent systems are able to monitor large volumes of financial …
AI Impact Assessment - Government.nl
vo 19. Will the introduction of the ai system (development, installation, and use) impact the environment, and how will such impact be measured? vo 20. How is the impact of the AI …
Guidance for the Development of AI Risk and Impact …
Risk and impact assessments should include banning the use of specific AI systems that pres-ent unacceptable risks, to ensure that fundamental values and safety are not compromised.
Generative Artificial Intelligence Risk Assessment
This risk assessment applies to free GenAI products and services, defined as any free software or service that interacts with state data. Examples include users entering state data into …
The NIST Assessing Risks and Impacts of AI (ARIA) Pilot …
ARIA (Assessing Risks and Impacts of AI) is a NIST AI Innovation Lab (NAIIL) program for improving AI risk and impact assessment. ARIA evaluation outcomes may improve AI …
A systematic review of artificial intelligence impact …
AI impact assessments (AI-IAs) are a way of identifying positive and negative impacts early on to safeguard AI’s benefits and avoid its downsides. This article describes the first systematic …
The State of Digital Impact Assessment Practice - IAIA
This document provides perspective about what the Authors and the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) consider to be current progress in the application of digital …
Impact Assessment, Risk Assessment and Artificial …
Artificial Intelligence tools can support Human Analysis; to improve consistency and transparency in the assessment of Risk Methods for characterization of uncertainty should be advanced; …
Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law Impact …
Rule of Law Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Systems (HRDRA) (I). In the second section, the document presents existing impact assessment tools and guidance which either r lates to AI in …
BSA: Impact Assessments: A Key Part of AI Accountability
Impact assessments are an important and proven accountability tool to identify and mitigate risks, which can promote the responsible development and use of high-risk AI systems.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND COVID -19: APPLICATIONS …
This assessment demonstrates a vital need for technical validation of all applications (both medical triage and contact tracing) to ensure they are medically sound before implementation. …
Artificial Intelligence on Impact Assessment: a preliminary …
Using an Artificial intelligence chatbot to critically review the scientific literature on the use of Artificial intelligence in Environmental Impact Assessment, Impact Assessment and Project …
Overview Conducting an AI Risk Assessment - Mayer Brown
agement of risk as part of AI governance. To conduct a risk assessment, an organization's AI governance team should first identify and rank the risks as unacceptable (prohibited), high, …
A survey of artificial intelligence risk assessment …
While risk assessment is about identification, analysis and evaluation of threats and vulnerabilities, impact assessment goes further by considering implications, both positive and …
Guidance for the Development of AI Risk and Impact …
Apr 1, 2021 · The Need for AI Risk and Impact Assessments Artificial intelligence (AI) helps individuals and organizations enhance the speed and quality of decision-making, but the rise of …
Regulating Artificial Intelligence: U.S. and International …
Artificial intelligence systems use machine and human-based inputs to- (A) perceive real and virtual environments; (B) abstract such perceptions into models through analysis in an …
HUMAN RIGHTS IMPACT ASSESSMENTS FOR AI: ANALYSIS …
Feb 8, 2021 · The public and private sectors are increasingly turning to the use of algorithmic or artificial intelligence impact assessments (AIAs) as a means to identify and mitigate harms from …
COMMITTEE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (CAI) - rm.coe.int
The purpose of the Risk and Impact Assessment is to provide detailed evaluations of the potential and actual impacts which the activities within the lifecycle of an AI system could have on …
Joint Cybersecurity Information
Executive summary This Cybersecurity Information Sheet (CSI) provides essential guidance on securing data used in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) systems. It also …
Using an Artificial intelligence chatbot to critically review the ...
AI large language model (LLM) chatbots have the potential to increase the eficiency of EIA research, but their outputs can create concerns. This paper investigates the potential time …
Study supporting the impact assessment of the AI regulation
This Study, completed for the European Commission, DG CONNECT, supports the Impact Assessment of the European Commission’s proposed Regulation on a European approach to …
Impact Assessment template - GOV.UK
Artificial Intelligence is defined in the national AI strategy1 as “Machines that perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence, especially when the machines learn from data how to do...
Requirements for Artificial Intelligence - ITI c
AI-driven medical diagnostics can alert doctors to early warning signs to help them treat patients more capably. Increasingly intelligent systems are able to monitor large volumes of financial …
AI Impact Assessment - Government.nl
vo 19. Will the introduction of the ai system (development, installation, and use) impact the environment, and how will such impact be measured? vo 20. How is the impact of the AI …
