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| b f skinner contribution to psychology: The Psychology of B F Skinner William O′Donohue, Kyle E. Ferguson, 2001-03-15 The authors provide a concise overview of the basic principles and methods used by modern behavior analysts, as well as a thorough discussion of the difference between reward and reinforcement and elicited and emitted behavior. —THE PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD O′Donohue and Ferguson provide an exceptionally clear picture of the breadth, scientific importance, and value to society of the work of the late B.F. Skinner. They include reasons that his work has been criticized and misunderstood. A substantial index, an attractive cover and typeface, and a readable style are bonuses to this exceptionally well-researched, accurate, and fair description of Skinner′s work. All collections.— CHOICE In The Psychology of B. F. Skinner, William T. O′Donohue and Kyle E. Ferguson not only introduce the life of one of the most influential psychologist of the past century but also put that life into historical and philosophical context. In so doing, they illuminate Skinner′s contributions to psychology, his philosophy of science, his experimental research program, and the behavioral principles and applied aspects that emerged from it. They also rebut criticism of Skinner′s work, including radical behaviorism, and discuss key developments others have derived from it. Behaviorists, or more precisely Skinnerians, commonly consider Skinner′s work to have been misrepresented, misunderstood, and, to some extent, even defamed. The authors take great care in accurately representing both the strengths and the weaknesses of his positions. They also attempt to correct misinterpretations of his work. Finally, they guide students through Skinner′s theories and demonstrate their applications and usefulness via extensive examples and illustrations. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Who the Hell is B.F. Skinner? Tom Buxton-Cope, 2020-10-21 For students, teachers and curious minds, our carefully structured jargon-free series helps you really get to grips with brilliant intellectuals and their inherently complex theories. Written in an accessible and engaging way, each book takes you through the life and influences of these great thinkers, then takes a deep dive into three of their key theories in plain English. Smart thinking made easy! Who the Hell is B.F. Skinner? looks at the life and works of this highly influential American psychologist, behaviourist, social philosopher and inventor. A pioneer of modern behaviourism, Skinner founded a school of experimental research psychology and his work on behavioural conditioning altered the course of psychology and psychotherapy. Here we find out who this ingenious man really was, the influences on his thinking, and how he developed his groundbreaking ideas on operant conditioning and radical behaviourism. Reviews BF Skinner was one of the best known and most controversial psychologists of his age and beyond. Who the Hell is B.F. Skinner? is an outstanding biography of the man and his theories, and is a must read for anybody interested in the history of psychology and its iconic theorists. It is well written, very informative and makes a significant contribution to the field of psychology. Professor Sir Cary Cooper, ALLIANCE Manchester Business School, University of Manchester This book advertises itself as 'accessible', 'informative' and 'engaging' and it ticked all three boxes right from the very start. I wasn't sure what to expect from this text, but from the first page I was hooked and it didn't take me long to devour the first half with ease. The first chapter 'Skinner's Life Story' is absolutely fascinating and I'm embarrassed to admit I knew very little about him as a person and more so as a psychologist. This chapter delivers so much information and the links between some of his childhood experiences and his later well-known experiments are clearly evident. I got to know Skinner, or Fred as he was known to his friends and family. The chapter explores his relationships with his parents, brother, various friendships, teachers and gives insight into how his childhood influenced some of his later work. Chapters 2 and 3 cover influences on Skinner's thinking and operant conditioning, both equally engaging. However, I was most captivated by chapter 4 'Applications of Skinner's Work' which outlines some of his innovative creations. These included the Aircrib (a baby cot, of sorts) and his Teaching Machines, both inspired by his daughters. The final chapter 'Radical Behaviourism' is a little heavier as it discusses the differences between Watson's 'methodological behaviourism' and Skinner's radical behaviourism, misconceptions of radical behaviourism and links between Skinner and Darwin. Who is this relevant for? I'd say anyone interested in psychology. It references so many well-known points in history (and many personal ones for Skinner) which have influenced his life and work, from the early death of his younger brother, 'Project Pigeon', the influences of Watson & Rayner and Pavlov, World War II and his many publications on reinforcement and behaviourism. As an A level psychology student I would have loved it; it really is accessible and I shall be recommending it on the New Year reading list for our Year 12 and 13 students. I already have a short list of students I plan to offer it to on loan (with the obligatory quarantining of course!). If your department budget or school/college library can stretch to it then it's a worthwhile investment. Laura Quaife - Association for the Teaching of Psychology magazine, Feb 2021 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: About Behaviorism B.F. Skinner, 2011-08-24 The basic book about the controversial philosophy known as behaviorism, written by its leading exponent. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: B F Skinner Marc N. Richelle, 2016-04-01 B.F. Skinner died in August 1990. He had been praised as one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century, but was also attacked by a variety of opponents within and outside the field of psychology. This introduction to his work is first of all a guide to a correct reading of his writings, a reading devoid of the distortions and misinterpretations often conveyed by many commentators, including psychologists. It frames Skinner's contributions with reference to major European traditions in psychological sciences, namely Pavlov, Freud, Lorenz and Piaget. Crucial aspects of Skinner's theory and methodological stands are discussed in the context of contemporary debates: special attention is devoted to the relationship of psychology with biology and the neurosciences, to the cognitivist movement, to the status of language and to the explanation of novelty and creativity in human behaviour.; Finally, Skinner's social and political philosophy is presented with an emphasis on the provocative aspects of an analysis of current social practices which fail to solve most of the urgent problems humankind is confronted with today. Both in science proper and in human affairs at large, Skinner's thought is shown to be not behind, as is often claimed, but ahead of the times, be it in his interactive view of linguistic communication, in his very modern use of the evolutionary analogy to explain the dynamics of behaviour, or in his vision of ecological constraints. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Walden Two B. F. Skinner, 2005-07-15 A reprint of the 1976 Macmillan edition. This fictional outline of a modern utopia has been a center of controversy ever since its publication in 1948. Set in the United States, it pictures a society in which human problems are solved by a scientific technology of human conduct. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: B.F. Skinner Daniel W. Bjork, 1997-01-01 This biography of one of the world's most eminent psychologists describes Skinner's youth, family and education, his early and lingering desires to become famous as a writer or artist, his lifelong fascination with literary and bohemian figures, his difficult life and his devotion to his children. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Verbal Behavior Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1957 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Beyond Freedom and Dignity B. F. Skinner, 2002-03-15 In this profound and profoundly controversial work, a landmark of 20th-century thought originally published in 1971, B. F. Skinner makes his definitive statement about humankind and society. Insisting that the problems of the world today can be solved only by dealing much more effectively with human behavior, Skinner argues that our traditional concepts of freedom and dignity must be sharply revised. They have played an important historical role in our struggle against many kinds of tyranny, he acknowledges, but they are now responsible for the futile defense of a presumed free and autonomous individual; they are perpetuating our use of punishment and blocking the development of more effective cultural practices. Basing his arguments on the massive results of the experimental analysis of behavior he pioneered, Skinner rejects traditional explanations of behavior in terms of states of mind, feelings, and other mental attributes in favor of explanations to be sought in the interaction between genetic endowment and personal history. He argues that instead of promoting freedom and dignity as personal attributes, we should direct our attention to the physical and social environments in which people live. It is the environment rather than humankind itself that must be changed if the traditional goals of the struggle for freedom and dignity are to be reached. Beyond Freedom and Dignity urges us to reexamine the ideals we have taken for granted and to consider the possibility of a radically behaviorist approach to human problems--one that has appeared to some incompatible with those ideals, but which envisions the building of a world in which humankind can attain its greatest possible achievements. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: A Matter of Consequences Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1983 The first two volumes of Dr. Skinner's autobiography (Particulars of My Life and The Shaping of a Behaviorist) revealed his small-town boyhood and youth, and mapped out the development and implementation of his psychological theories, his experimental studies, and his writing, bringing us up to the time of the publication of Walden Two, perhaps the most successful modern utopian novel. In the present volume, he applies himself to a further explanation of his methods and philosophy, and delineates the ways in which his ideas have changed, grown, and been reinforced. This is the third and final volume of his autobiography. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: The Behavior of Organisms B. F. Skinner, 1990 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Opening Skinner's Box Lauren Slater, 2004 Traces developments in human psychology over the course of the twentieth century, beginning with B. F. Skinner and the legend of the child raised in a box. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: The Psychology of B F Skinner William O'Donohue, Kyle E. Ferguson, 2001-03-15 The authors provide a concise overview of the basic principles and methods used by modern behavior analysts, as well as a thorough discussion of the difference between reward and reinforcement and elicited and emitted behavior.-THE PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORDO'Donohue and Ferguson provide an exceptionally clear picture of the breadth, scientific importance, and value to society of the work of the late B.F. Skinner. They include reasons that his work has been criticized and misunderstood. A substantial index, an attractive cover and typeface, and a readable style are bonuses to this exceptionally well-researched, accurate, and fair description of Skinner's work. All collections.- CHOICEIn The Psychology of B. F. Skinner, William T. O'Donohue and Kyle E. Ferguson not only introduce the life of one of the most influential psychologist of the past century but also put that life into historical and philosophical context. In so doing, they illuminate Skinner's contributions to psychology, his philosophy of science, his experimental research program, and the behavioral principles and applied aspects that emerged from it. They also rebut criticism of Skinner's work, including radical behaviorism, and discuss key developments others have derived from it.Behaviorists, or more precisely Skinnerians, commonly consider Skinner's work to have been misrepresented, misunderstood, and, to some extent, even defamed. The authors take great care in accurately representing both the strengths and the weaknesses of his positions. They also attempt to correct misinterpretations of his work. Finally, they guide students through Skinner's theories and demonstrate their applications and usefulness via extensive examples and illustrations. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Science And Human Behavior B.F Skinner, 2012-12-18 The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Schedules of Reinforcement B. F. Skinner, C. B. Ferster, 2015-05-20 The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Contingencies of Reinforcement B. F. Skinner, 2014-07-01 B. F. Skinner titled this book, Contingencies of Reinforcement, after the heart of his science of behavior. Contingencies relate classes of actions to postcedent events and to the contexts in which those action-postcedent relations occur. The basic processes seem straightforward, but many people do not know or understand the underlying theory. Skinner believed that ‘a theory is essential to the scientific understanding of behavior as a subject matter”. This book presents some of Skinner’s most sophisticated statements about theoretical issues. To his original articles, he added notes to clarify and expand subtle points. The book thus provides an overview of Skinner’s thinking about theory and the philosophy underpinning the science he began. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: The Goal of B. F. Skinner and Behavior Analysis Robert W. Proctor, Daniel J. Weeks, 2012-12-06 In this new volume in Springer-Verlag's series Recent Research in Psychology, Drs. Proctor and Weeks examine what has long been a self-asserted superiority of behavior analysts and Skinnerian researchers. Most behavior-analytic views derive from the philosophy of radical behaviorism, as conceived by B.F. Skinner, and prescribe a world view where environmental contingencies determine all aspects of behavior. This view necessarily assumes all other views to be inferior because of its world view, hence, those subscribing to behavior analysis will tolerate no other theory. The Goal of B.F. Skinner and Behavior Analysis examines closely the rationale behind the Skinnerian philosophy, challenging its validity through the author's own research. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology Gregory A. Kimble, Michael Wertheimer, 2014-04-08 This third volume in a series devoted to luminaries in the history of psychology--features chapter authors who are themselves highly visible and eminent scholars. They provide glimpses of the giants who shaped modern cognitive and behavioral science, and shed new light on their contributions and personalities, often with a touch of humor or whimsy and with fresh personal insights. The animated style, carefully selected details, and lively perspective make the people, ideas, and controversies in the history of psychology come alive. The fields touched on in this and other volumes cover all of the subfields of psychology. As such, all volumes of Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology will be of interest to psychologists, as well as scholars in related fields. The resourceful teacher could use a selection of chapters as supplementary readings to enhance almost any course in the discipline. The major purpose of these books is to provide source materials for students and their teachers in undergraduate and graduate courses in the history of psychology. Each of the five volumes in this series contains different profiles thereby bringing more than 100 of the pioneers in psychology more vividly to life. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: B.F. Skinner's Behaviorism Mark P. Cosgrove, 1982-01-01 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Are Theories of Learning Necessary B. F. Skinner, 2018-04-03 Certain basic assumptions, essential to any scientific activity, are sometimes called theories. That nature is orderly rather than capricious is an example. Certain statements are also theories simply to the extent that they are not yet facts. A scientist may guess at the result of an experiment before the experiment is carried out. The prediction and the later statement of result may be composed of the same terms in the same syntactic arrangement, the difference being in the degree of confidence. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Personality Theory in a Cultural Context Mark D. Kelland, 2010-07-19 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Psychology Classics B. F. Skinner, David Webb, 2013-06-27 A Psychology Classic Burrhus Frederic B. F. Skinner ranks among the most frequently cited and influential psychologists in the history of the discipline. Building on the behaviorist theories of Ivan Pavlov and John Watson he was the first psychologist to receive a Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Psychological Association (APA.) Originally published in 1948, Superstition in The Pigeon is a learning theory classic. Note To Psychology StudentsIf you ever have to do a paper, assignment or class project on the work of B. F. Skinner having access to Superstition in The Pigeon in full will prove invaluable. A psychology classic is by definition a must read; however, most landmark texts within the discipline remain unread by a majority of psychology students. A detailed, well written description of a classic study is fine to a point, but there is absolutely no substitute for understanding and engaging with the issues under review than by reading the authors unabridged ideas, thoughts and findings in their entirety. Bonus MaterialShortly after the publication of Superstition in the Pigeon, Skinner gave a detailed account of his science of behavior in a paper presented to the Midwestern Psychological Association, in Chicago. First published in 1950, the paper entitled Are Theories of Learning Necessary? is also presented in full. Superstition in The Pigeon by B. F. Skinner has been produced as part of an initiative by the website www.all-about-psychology.com to make historically important psychology publications widely available. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Tackling the Motivation Crisis Mike Anderson, 2021-08-16 Mike Anderson explores incentive systems, which do not motivate achievement or a love of learning, and the six intrinsic motivators that lead to real student engagement-- |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Behavior Theory and Philosophy Kennon A. Lattal, Philip N. Chase, 2013-03-14 This volume has three goals with respect to the interplay between philosophy and behavioral psychology's experimental, applied, and interpretive levels of knowing. It aims to examine core principles in the philosophy of science, as they are interpreted by and relate to behavioral psychology; how these core principles interact with different problem areas in the study of human behavior; and how experimental, applied, and interpretive analyses complement one another to advance the understanding of behavior and, in so doing, also the philosophy of science. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Particulars of My Life Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1984 With revealing-indeed surprising-particulars, and with a moving clarity and honesty, the great and highly controversial behaviorist, author of Beyond Freedom and Dignity and Walden Two, take us into the flow of his own life form his small town American boyhood thought his first tentative movement sin his early twenties, toward his life work. (As written on front jacket.). |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: B.f. Skinner Daniel W. Bjork, 1993-09-14 A biography of the controversial behavioral psychologist. Bjork, who teaches history at St. Mary's U. in San Antonio, Texas, draws on the Skinner collection in the Harvard archives and other sources to sketch a portrait of Skinner as a boy and as a man and to highlight the development of his thinking. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: The New Behaviorism John Staddon, 2014-03-05 This groundbreaking book presents a brief history of behaviorism, the dominant movement in American psychology in the first half of the 20th Century. It then analyzes and criticizes radical behaviorism, as pioneered by B.F. Skinner, and its philosophy and applications to social issues. This second edition is a completely rewritten and much expanded version of the first edition, published nearly 15 years earlier. It surveys what changes have occurred within behaviorism and whether it has maintained its influence on experimental cognitive psychology or other fields. The mission of the book is to help steer experimental psychology away from its current undisciplined indulgence in mental life toward the core of science, which is an economical description of nature. The author argues that parsimony -- the elementary philosophical distinction between private and public events, even biology, evolution and animal psychology -- all are ignored by much contemporary cognitive psychology. The failings of radical behaviorism as well as a philosophically defective cognitive psychology point to the need for a new theoretical behaviorism, which can deal with problems such as consciousness that have been either ignored, evaded or muddled by existing approaches. This new behaviorism provides a unified framework for the science of behavior that can be applied both to the laboratory and to broader practical issues such as law and punishment, the health-care system, and teaching. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Relational Frame Theory Steven C. Hayes, Dermot Barnes-Holmes, Bryan Roche, 2005-11-30 This volume goes beyond theory and gives the empirical and conceptual tools to conduct an experimental analysis of virtually every substantive topic in human language and cognition, both basic and applied. It challenges behavioral psychology to abandon many of the specific theoretical formulations of its most prominent historical leader in the domain of complex human behavior, especially in human language and cognition, and approach the field from a new direction. It will be of interest to behavior theorists, cognitive psychologists, therapists, and educators. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: The Selection of Behavior A. Charles Catania, Stevan Harnad, 1988-06-24 This book was first published in 1988. B. F. Skinner was arguably the most important and influential psychologist of the last century. Yet in his long and distinguished career he consistently declined to be engaged by his critics. In his ninth decade, he elected to confront them all: cognitivists, ethologists, brain scientists, biologists, linguists, and philosophers - close to one hundred and fifty scientists and scholars from the entire spectrum of behavior-related disciplines around the world. Skinner's views on consciousness, language, problem solving, evolution, biology, brain function, computers, theory and explanation, presented in six seminal papers, are analyzed, criticized and explained in the 'open peer commentary' format of the Behavioral and Brain Sciences journal. The result is a remarkably lucid and revealing historical record of Skinnerian thinking and its impact on psychology and its allied disciplines. General readers, students, professionals and historians will find this unique intellectual exchange an invaluable resource. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Modern Perspectives on B. F. Skinner and Contemporary Behaviorism Edward Morris, James T. Todd, 1995-05-30 A group of respected historians and authorities reassess the role of B. F. Skinner and contemporary behaviorism in the history of 20th-century psychology. This landmark collection provides an interesting mix of modern perspectives to clarify perceptions of the theories and approaches of Skinner and of other radical and contemporary behaviorists. This reevaluation of the philosophical bases and development of behavior analysis offers new interpretation. Psychologists, historians, philosophers, and advanced undergraduates and graduate students will also find the work important for its first-to-date comprehensive bibliography of Skinner's published works and for its lengthy historiography of important studies dealing with Skinner and behaviorism. This volume is a companion to Modern Perspectives of John B. Watson and Classical Behaviorism edited by Todd and Morris and published by Greenwood Press in 1994. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Reflections on Behaviorism and Society Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1978 B.F. Skinner presents his views on behavior modification and the role of behaviorism in society, education, and future attainment of the goals of humanism. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Recent Issues in the Analysis of Behavior: Extended Edition B. F. Skinner, 2022-12 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it John Broadus Watson, 1913 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: The Technology of Teaching B. F. Skinner, 2016-04-26 On Parent's Day, in 1952, B. F. Skinner visited his daughter's fourth grade math class. As he watched the lesson, he became increasingly uncomfortable. Almost every principle of effective teaching that he had studied for more than 20 years was being violated in that classroom. Yet it was a typical class. The teacher showed how to solve the day's problems, then gave the students a worksheet to do. Some children began to work readily while others shifted uncomfortably in their chairs, or raised their hands for help. The teacher went from desk to desk, giving help and feedback. Skinner knew what was needed. Each student should be given a problem tailored precisely to his or her skill level, not to the class average, and every answer needed to be assessed immediately to determine the next step. The task was clearly impossible for one teacher. That afternoon, Skinner set to work on a teaching machine. Today's computers have made the mechanical machine obsolete, but the principles of how to design instruction in steps that lead from a basic level to competent performance are as valid today as they were in the 20th century. This book brings together Skinner's writings on education during the years he was most involved in improving education. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Upon Further Reflection Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1987 This book deals with global issues concerning ecology and world government. It moves from the very general to the very specific. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: The Shaping of a Behaviorist Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1984 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Animal Intelligence Edward Lee Thorndike, 1911 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Without/within Floyd W. Matson, 1973 |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Modern Perspectives on John B. Watson and Classical Behaviorism James T. Todd, Edward K. Morris, 1994 This volume reassesses the role of classical behaviourism in 20th-century psychology, providing modern perspectives that correct the standard views of John B. Watson. This historical analysis includes comprehensive bibliographies of Watson's published works and important related studies. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: The Escape of the Mind Howard Rachlin, 2014 The Escape of the Mind argues that, in developing techniques of self-control and social cooperation, it is useful to question the almost universally accepted belief that our minds exist inside our bodies. We should look for our minds neither in our introspections nor in our brains, but in our long-term behavioral patterns. |
| b f skinner contribution to psychology: Beyond the Box Alexandra Rutherford, 2009-05-09 B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) is one of the most famous and influential figures in twentieth century psychology. A best-selling author, inventor, and social commentator, Skinner was both a renowned scientist and a public intellectual known for his controversial theories of human behavior. Beyond the Box is the first full-length study of the ways in which Skinner's ideas left the laboratory to become part of the post-war public's everyday lives, and chronicles both the enthusiasm and caution with which this process was received. Using selected case studies, Alexandra Rutherford provides a fascinating account of Skinner and his acolytes' attempts to weave their technology of human behavior into the politically turbulent fabric of 1950s-70s American life. To detail their innovative methods, Rutherford uses extensive archival materials and interviews to study the Skinnerians' creation of human behavior laboratories, management programs for juvenile delinquents, psychiatric wards, and prisons, as well as their influence on the self-help industry with popular books on how to quit smoking, lose weight, and be more assertive. A remarkable look at a post-war scientific and technological revolution, Beyond the Box is a rewarding study of how behavioral theories met real-life problems, and the ways in which Skinner and his followers continue to influence the present. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: The Psychology of B F Skinner William O′Donohue, Kyle E. Ferguson, 2001-03-15 The authors provide a concise overview of the basic principles and methods used by modern behavior analysts, as well as a thorough discussion of the difference between reward and reinforcement and elicited and emitted behavior. —THE PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD O′Donohue and Ferguson provide an exceptionally clear picture of the breadth, scientific importance, and value to society of the work of the late B.F. Skinner. They include reasons that his work has been criticized and misunderstood. A substantial index, an attractive cover and typeface, and a readable style are bonuses to this exceptionally well-researched, accurate, and fair description of Skinner′s work. All collections.— CHOICE In The Psychology of B. F. Skinner, William T. O′Donohue and Kyle E. Ferguson not only introduce the life of one of the most influential psychologist of the past century but also put that life into historical and philosophical context. In so doing, they illuminate Skinner′s contributions to psychology, his philosophy of science, his experimental research program, and the behavioral principles and applied aspects that emerged from it. They also rebut criticism of Skinner′s work, including radical behaviorism, and discuss key developments others have derived from it. Behaviorists, or more precisely Skinnerians, commonly consider Skinner′s work to have been misrepresented, misunderstood, and, to some extent, even defamed. The authors take great care in accurately representing both the strengths and the weaknesses of his positions. They also attempt to correct misinterpretations of his work. Finally, they guide students through Skinner′s theories and demonstrate their applications and usefulness via extensive examples and illustrations. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Who the Hell is B.F. Skinner? Tom Buxton-Cope, 2020-10-21 For students, teachers and curious minds, our carefully structured jargon-free series helps you really get to grips with brilliant intellectuals and their inherently complex theories. Written in an accessible and engaging way, each book takes you through the life and influences of these great thinkers, then takes a deep dive into three of their key theories in plain English. Smart thinking made easy! Who the Hell is B.F. Skinner? looks at the life and works of this highly influential American psychologist, behaviourist, social philosopher and inventor. A pioneer of modern behaviourism, Skinner founded a school of experimental research psychology and his work on behavioural conditioning altered the course of psychology and psychotherapy. Here we find out who this ingenious man really was, the influences on his thinking, and how he developed his groundbreaking ideas on operant conditioning and radical behaviourism. Reviews BF Skinner was one of the best known and most controversial psychologists of his age and beyond. Who the Hell is B.F. Skinner? is an outstanding biography of the man and his theories, and is a must read for anybody interested in the history of psychology and its iconic theorists. It is well written, very informative and makes a significant contribution to the field of psychology. Professor Sir Cary Cooper, ALLIANCE Manchester Business School, University of Manchester This book advertises itself as 'accessible', 'informative' and 'engaging' and it ticked all three boxes right from the very start. I wasn't sure what to expect from this text, but from the first page I was hooked and it didn't take me long to devour the first half with ease. The first chapter 'Skinner's Life Story' is absolutely fascinating and I'm embarrassed to admit I knew very little about him as a person and more so as a psychologist. This chapter delivers so much information and the links between some of his childhood experiences and his later well-known experiments are clearly evident. I got to know Skinner, or Fred as he was known to his friends and family. The chapter explores his relationships with his parents, brother, various friendships, teachers and gives insight into how his childhood influenced some of his later work. Chapters 2 and 3 cover influences on Skinner's thinking and operant conditioning, both equally engaging. However, I was most captivated by chapter 4 'Applications of Skinner's Work' which outlines some of his innovative creations. These included the Aircrib (a baby cot, of sorts) and his Teaching Machines, both inspired by his daughters. The final chapter 'Radical Behaviourism' is a little heavier as it discusses the differences between Watson's 'methodological behaviourism' and Skinner's radical behaviourism, misconceptions of radical behaviourism and links between Skinner and Darwin. Who is this relevant for? I'd say anyone interested in psychology. It references so many well-known points in history (and many personal ones for Skinner) which have influenced his life and work, from the early death of his younger brother, 'Project Pigeon', the influences of Watson & Rayner and Pavlov, World War II and his many publications on reinforcement and behaviourism. As an A level psychology student I would have loved it; it really is accessible and I shall be recommending it on the New Year reading list for our Year 12 and 13 students. I already have a short list of students I plan to offer it to on loan (with the obligatory quarantining of course!). If your department budget or school/college library can stretch to it then it's a worthwhile investment. Laura Quaife - Association for the Teaching of Psychology magazine, Feb 2021 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: About Behaviorism B.F. Skinner, 2011-08-24 The basic book about the controversial philosophy known as behaviorism, written by its leading exponent. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: B F Skinner Marc N. Richelle, 2016-04-01 B.F. Skinner died in August 1990. He had been praised as one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century, but was also attacked by a variety of opponents within and outside the field of psychology. This introduction to his work is first of all a guide to a correct reading of his writings, a reading devoid of the distortions and misinterpretations often conveyed by many commentators, including psychologists. It frames Skinner's contributions with reference to major European traditions in psychological sciences, namely Pavlov, Freud, Lorenz and Piaget. Crucial aspects of Skinner's theory and methodological stands are discussed in the context of contemporary debates: special attention is devoted to the relationship of psychology with biology and the neurosciences, to the cognitivist movement, to the status of language and to the explanation of novelty and creativity in human behaviour.; Finally, Skinner's social and political philosophy is presented with an emphasis on the provocative aspects of an analysis of current social practices which fail to solve most of the urgent problems humankind is confronted with today. Both in science proper and in human affairs at large, Skinner's thought is shown to be not behind, as is often claimed, but ahead of the times, be it in his interactive view of linguistic communication, in his very modern use of the evolutionary analogy to explain the dynamics of behaviour, or in his vision of ecological constraints. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Walden Two B. F. Skinner, 2005-07-15 A reprint of the 1976 Macmillan edition. This fictional outline of a modern utopia has been a center of controversy ever since its publication in 1948. Set in the United States, it pictures a society in which human problems are solved by a scientific technology of human conduct. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: B.F. Skinner Daniel W. Bjork, 1997-01-01 This biography of one of the world's most eminent psychologists describes Skinner's youth, family and education, his early and lingering desires to become famous as a writer or artist, his lifelong fascination with literary and bohemian figures, his difficult life and his devotion to his children. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Beyond Freedom and Dignity B. F. Skinner, 2002-03-15 In this profound and profoundly controversial work, a landmark of 20th-century thought originally published in 1971, B. F. Skinner makes his definitive statement about humankind and society. Insisting that the problems of the world today can be solved only by dealing much more effectively with human behavior, Skinner argues that our traditional concepts of freedom and dignity must be sharply revised. They have played an important historical role in our struggle against many kinds of tyranny, he acknowledges, but they are now responsible for the futile defense of a presumed free and autonomous individual; they are perpetuating our use of punishment and blocking the development of more effective cultural practices. Basing his arguments on the massive results of the experimental analysis of behavior he pioneered, Skinner rejects traditional explanations of behavior in terms of states of mind, feelings, and other mental attributes in favor of explanations to be sought in the interaction between genetic endowment and personal history. He argues that instead of promoting freedom and dignity as personal attributes, we should direct our attention to the physical and social environments in which people live. It is the environment rather than humankind itself that must be changed if the traditional goals of the struggle for freedom and dignity are to be reached. Beyond Freedom and Dignity urges us to reexamine the ideals we have taken for granted and to consider the possibility of a radically behaviorist approach to human problems--one that has appeared to some incompatible with those ideals, but which envisions the building of a world in which humankind can attain its greatest possible achievements. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Verbal Behavior Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1957 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: A Matter of Consequences Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1983 The first two volumes of Dr. Skinner's autobiography (Particulars of My Life and The Shaping of a Behaviorist) revealed his small-town boyhood and youth, and mapped out the development and implementation of his psychological theories, his experimental studies, and his writing, bringing us up to the time of the publication of Walden Two, perhaps the most successful modern utopian novel. In the present volume, he applies himself to a further explanation of his methods and philosophy, and delineates the ways in which his ideas have changed, grown, and been reinforced. This is the third and final volume of his autobiography. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: The Behavior of Organisms B. F. Skinner, 1990 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Opening Skinner's Box Lauren Slater, 2004 Traces developments in human psychology over the course of the twentieth century, beginning with B. F. Skinner and the legend of the child raised in a box. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Science And Human Behavior B.F Skinner, 2012-12-18 The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: The Psychology of B F Skinner William O'Donohue, Kyle E. Ferguson, 2001-03-15 The authors provide a concise overview of the basic principles and methods used by modern behavior analysts, as well as a thorough discussion of the difference between reward and reinforcement and elicited and emitted behavior.-THE PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORDO'Donohue and Ferguson provide an exceptionally clear picture of the breadth, scientific importance, and value to society of the work of the late B.F. Skinner. They include reasons that his work has been criticized and misunderstood. A substantial index, an attractive cover and typeface, and a readable style are bonuses to this exceptionally well-researched, accurate, and fair description of Skinner's work. All collections.- CHOICEIn The Psychology of B. F. Skinner, William T. O'Donohue and Kyle E. Ferguson not only introduce the life of one of the most influential psychologist of the past century but also put that life into historical and philosophical context. In so doing, they illuminate Skinner's contributions to psychology, his philosophy of science, his experimental research program, and the behavioral principles and applied aspects that emerged from it. They also rebut criticism of Skinner's work, including radical behaviorism, and discuss key developments others have derived from it.Behaviorists, or more precisely Skinnerians, commonly consider Skinner's work to have been misrepresented, misunderstood, and, to some extent, even defamed. The authors take great care in accurately representing both the strengths and the weaknesses of his positions. They also attempt to correct misinterpretations of his work. Finally, they guide students through Skinner's theories and demonstrate their applications and usefulness via extensive examples and illustrations. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Schedules of Reinforcement B. F. Skinner, C. B. Ferster, 2015-05-20 The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Contingencies of Reinforcement B. F. Skinner, 2014-07-01 B. F. Skinner titled this book, Contingencies of Reinforcement, after the heart of his science of behavior. Contingencies relate classes of actions to postcedent events and to the contexts in which those action-postcedent relations occur. The basic processes seem straightforward, but many people do not know or understand the underlying theory. Skinner believed that ‘a theory is essential to the scientific understanding of behavior as a subject matter”. This book presents some of Skinner’s most sophisticated statements about theoretical issues. To his original articles, he added notes to clarify and expand subtle points. The book thus provides an overview of Skinner’s thinking about theory and the philosophy underpinning the science he began. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: The Goal of B. F. Skinner and Behavior Analysis Robert W. Proctor, Daniel J. Weeks, 2012-12-06 In this new volume in Springer-Verlag's series Recent Research in Psychology, Drs. Proctor and Weeks examine what has long been a self-asserted superiority of behavior analysts and Skinnerian researchers. Most behavior-analytic views derive from the philosophy of radical behaviorism, as conceived by B.F. Skinner, and prescribe a world view where environmental contingencies determine all aspects of behavior. This view necessarily assumes all other views to be inferior because of its world view, hence, those subscribing to behavior analysis will tolerate no other theory. The Goal of B.F. Skinner and Behavior Analysis examines closely the rationale behind the Skinnerian philosophy, challenging its validity through the author's own research. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology Gregory A. Kimble, Michael Wertheimer, 2014-04-08 This third volume in a series devoted to luminaries in the history of psychology--features chapter authors who are themselves highly visible and eminent scholars. They provide glimpses of the giants who shaped modern cognitive and behavioral science, and shed new light on their contributions and personalities, often with a touch of humor or whimsy and with fresh personal insights. The animated style, carefully selected details, and lively perspective make the people, ideas, and controversies in the history of psychology come alive. The fields touched on in this and other volumes cover all of the subfields of psychology. As such, all volumes of Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology will be of interest to psychologists, as well as scholars in related fields. The resourceful teacher could use a selection of chapters as supplementary readings to enhance almost any course in the discipline. The major purpose of these books is to provide source materials for students and their teachers in undergraduate and graduate courses in the history of psychology. Each of the five volumes in this series contains different profiles thereby bringing more than 100 of the pioneers in psychology more vividly to life. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: B.F. Skinner's Behaviorism Mark P. Cosgrove, 1982-01-01 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Are Theories of Learning Necessary B. F. Skinner, 2018-04-03 Certain basic assumptions, essential to any scientific activity, are sometimes called theories. That nature is orderly rather than capricious is an example. Certain statements are also theories simply to the extent that they are not yet facts. A scientist may guess at the result of an experiment before the experiment is carried out. The prediction and the later statement of result may be composed of the same terms in the same syntactic arrangement, the difference being in the degree of confidence. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Personality Theory in a Cultural Context Mark D. Kelland, 2010-07-19 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Psychology Classics B. F. Skinner, David Webb, 2013-06-27 A Psychology Classic Burrhus Frederic B. F. Skinner ranks among the most frequently cited and influential psychologists in the history of the discipline. Building on the behaviorist theories of Ivan Pavlov and John Watson he was the first psychologist to receive a Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Psychological Association (APA.) Originally published in 1948, Superstition in The Pigeon is a learning theory classic. Note To Psychology StudentsIf you ever have to do a paper, assignment or class project on the work of B. F. Skinner having access to Superstition in The Pigeon in full will prove invaluable. A psychology classic is by definition a must read; however, most landmark texts within the discipline remain unread by a majority of psychology students. A detailed, well written description of a classic study is fine to a point, but there is absolutely no substitute for understanding and engaging with the issues under review than by reading the authors unabridged ideas, thoughts and findings in their entirety. Bonus MaterialShortly after the publication of Superstition in the Pigeon, Skinner gave a detailed account of his science of behavior in a paper presented to the Midwestern Psychological Association, in Chicago. First published in 1950, the paper entitled Are Theories of Learning Necessary? is also presented in full. Superstition in The Pigeon by B. F. Skinner has been produced as part of an initiative by the website www.all-about-psychology.com to make historically important psychology publications widely available. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Tackling the Motivation Crisis Mike Anderson, 2021-08-16 Mike Anderson explores incentive systems, which do not motivate achievement or a love of learning, and the six intrinsic motivators that lead to real student engagement-- |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Behavior Theory and Philosophy Kennon A. Lattal, Philip N. Chase, 2013-03-14 This volume has three goals with respect to the interplay between philosophy and behavioral psychology's experimental, applied, and interpretive levels of knowing. It aims to examine core principles in the philosophy of science, as they are interpreted by and relate to behavioral psychology; how these core principles interact with different problem areas in the study of human behavior; and how experimental, applied, and interpretive analyses complement one another to advance the understanding of behavior and, in so doing, also the philosophy of science. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Particulars of My Life Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1984 With revealing-indeed surprising-particulars, and with a moving clarity and honesty, the great and highly controversial behaviorist, author of Beyond Freedom and Dignity and Walden Two, take us into the flow of his own life form his small town American boyhood thought his first tentative movement sin his early twenties, toward his life work. (As written on front jacket.). |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: B.f. Skinner Daniel W. Bjork, 1993-09-14 A biography of the controversial behavioral psychologist. Bjork, who teaches history at St. Mary's U. in San Antonio, Texas, draws on the Skinner collection in the Harvard archives and other sources to sketch a portrait of Skinner as a boy and as a man and to highlight the development of his thinking. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: The New Behaviorism John Staddon, 2014-03-05 This groundbreaking book presents a brief history of behaviorism, the dominant movement in American psychology in the first half of the 20th Century. It then analyzes and criticizes radical behaviorism, as pioneered by B.F. Skinner, and its philosophy and applications to social issues. This second edition is a completely rewritten and much expanded version of the first edition, published nearly 15 years earlier. It surveys what changes have occurred within behaviorism and whether it has maintained its influence on experimental cognitive psychology or other fields. The mission of the book is to help steer experimental psychology away from its current undisciplined indulgence in mental life toward the core of science, which is an economical description of nature. The author argues that parsimony -- the elementary philosophical distinction between private and public events, even biology, evolution and animal psychology -- all are ignored by much contemporary cognitive psychology. The failings of radical behaviorism as well as a philosophically defective cognitive psychology point to the need for a new theoretical behaviorism, which can deal with problems such as consciousness that have been either ignored, evaded or muddled by existing approaches. This new behaviorism provides a unified framework for the science of behavior that can be applied both to the laboratory and to broader practical issues such as law and punishment, the health-care system, and teaching. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: The Selection of Behavior A. Charles Catania, Stevan Harnad, 1988-06-24 This book was first published in 1988. B. F. Skinner was arguably the most important and influential psychologist of the last century. Yet in his long and distinguished career he consistently declined to be engaged by his critics. In his ninth decade, he elected to confront them all: cognitivists, ethologists, brain scientists, biologists, linguists, and philosophers - close to one hundred and fifty scientists and scholars from the entire spectrum of behavior-related disciplines around the world. Skinner's views on consciousness, language, problem solving, evolution, biology, brain function, computers, theory and explanation, presented in six seminal papers, are analyzed, criticized and explained in the 'open peer commentary' format of the Behavioral and Brain Sciences journal. The result is a remarkably lucid and revealing historical record of Skinnerian thinking and its impact on psychology and its allied disciplines. General readers, students, professionals and historians will find this unique intellectual exchange an invaluable resource. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Modern Perspectives on B. F. Skinner and Contemporary Behaviorism Edward Morris, James T. Todd, 1995-05-30 A group of respected historians and authorities reassess the role of B. F. Skinner and contemporary behaviorism in the history of 20th-century psychology. This landmark collection provides an interesting mix of modern perspectives to clarify perceptions of the theories and approaches of Skinner and of other radical and contemporary behaviorists. This reevaluation of the philosophical bases and development of behavior analysis offers new interpretation. Psychologists, historians, philosophers, and advanced undergraduates and graduate students will also find the work important for its first-to-date comprehensive bibliography of Skinner's published works and for its lengthy historiography of important studies dealing with Skinner and behaviorism. This volume is a companion to Modern Perspectives of John B. Watson and Classical Behaviorism edited by Todd and Morris and published by Greenwood Press in 1994. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Reflections on Behaviorism and Society Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1978 B.F. Skinner presents his views on behavior modification and the role of behaviorism in society, education, and future attainment of the goals of humanism. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: The Technology of Teaching B. F. Skinner, 2016-04-26 On Parent's Day, in 1952, B. F. Skinner visited his daughter's fourth grade math class. As he watched the lesson, he became increasingly uncomfortable. Almost every principle of effective teaching that he had studied for more than 20 years was being violated in that classroom. Yet it was a typical class. The teacher showed how to solve the day's problems, then gave the students a worksheet to do. Some children began to work readily while others shifted uncomfortably in their chairs, or raised their hands for help. The teacher went from desk to desk, giving help and feedback. Skinner knew what was needed. Each student should be given a problem tailored precisely to his or her skill level, not to the class average, and every answer needed to be assessed immediately to determine the next step. The task was clearly impossible for one teacher. That afternoon, Skinner set to work on a teaching machine. Today's computers have made the mechanical machine obsolete, but the principles of how to design instruction in steps that lead from a basic level to competent performance are as valid today as they were in the 20th century. This book brings together Skinner's writings on education during the years he was most involved in improving education. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it John Broadus Watson, 1913 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Relational Frame Theory Steven C. Hayes, Dermot Barnes-Holmes, Bryan Roche, 2005-11-30 This volume goes beyond theory and gives the empirical and conceptual tools to conduct an experimental analysis of virtually every substantive topic in human language and cognition, both basic and applied. It challenges behavioral psychology to abandon many of the specific theoretical formulations of its most prominent historical leader in the domain of complex human behavior, especially in human language and cognition, and approach the field from a new direction. It will be of interest to behavior theorists, cognitive psychologists, therapists, and educators. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Upon Further Reflection Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1987 This book deals with global issues concerning ecology and world government. It moves from the very general to the very specific. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: The Shaping of a Behaviorist Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1984 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Animal Intelligence Edward Lee Thorndike, 1911 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Without/within Floyd W. Matson, 1973 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Recent Issues in the Analysis of Behavior: Extended Edition B. F. Skinner, 2022-12 |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Modern Perspectives on John B. Watson and Classical Behaviorism James T. Todd, Edward K. Morris, 1994 This volume reassesses the role of classical behaviourism in 20th-century psychology, providing modern perspectives that correct the standard views of John B. Watson. This historical analysis includes comprehensive bibliographies of Watson's published works and important related studies. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: The Escape of the Mind Howard Rachlin, 2014 The Escape of the Mind argues that, in developing techniques of self-control and social cooperation, it is useful to question the almost universally accepted belief that our minds exist inside our bodies. We should look for our minds neither in our introspections nor in our brains, but in our long-term behavioral patterns. |
| b. f. skinner contribution to psychology: Beyond the Box Alexandra Rutherford, 2009-05-09 B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) is one of the most famous and influential figures in twentieth century psychology. A best-selling author, inventor, and social commentator, Skinner was both a renowned scientist and a public intellectual known for his controversial theories of human behavior. Beyond the Box is the first full-length study of the ways in which Skinner's ideas left the laboratory to become part of the post-war public's everyday lives, and chronicles both the enthusiasm and caution with which this process was received. Using selected case studies, Alexandra Rutherford provides a fascinating account of Skinner and his acolytes' attempts to weave their technology of human behavior into the politically turbulent fabric of 1950s-70s American life. To detail their innovative methods, Rutherford uses extensive archival materials and interviews to study the Skinnerians' creation of human behavior laboratories, management programs for juvenile delinquents, psychiatric wards, and prisons, as well as their influence on the self-help industry with popular books on how to quit smoking, lose weight, and be more assertive. A remarkable look at a post-war scientific and technological revolution, Beyond the Box is a rewarding study of how behavioral theories met real-life problems, and the ways in which Skinner and his followers continue to influence the present. |
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