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Agree in Sign Language: Bridging Communication Gaps and Transforming Industries
By Dr. Anya Sharma, PhD in Linguistics and Deaf Studies
Published by The Communication Access Journal, a leading publication in accessibility and inclusive communication for over 20 years.
Edited by Michael Davies, MA in Communication Disorders, with 15 years of experience editing peer-reviewed articles on assistive technologies.
Summary: This article explores the diverse ways to express agreement in sign language, highlighting the nuances and cultural variations within the Deaf community. It analyzes the implications of accurate and culturally sensitive sign language interpretation for various industries, emphasizing the importance of inclusivity and effective communication. We discuss the challenges and opportunities presented by the increasing need for skilled sign language interpreters and the technological advancements supporting accurate representation of "agree in sign language".
Introduction:
The simple act of agreeing, a cornerstone of human interaction, takes on new dimensions in the realm of sign language. "Agree in sign language" isn't simply a direct translation of spoken agreement; it's a multifaceted expression reflecting the rich visual and spatial grammar of signed languages. Understanding these nuances is crucial, not just for effective communication but for fostering genuine inclusivity across industries. This article delves into the complexities of expressing agreement in sign language, examining its various forms, cultural implications, and the significant impact it has on accessibility in diverse professional settings.
Diverse Expressions of Agreement:
Sign languages, far from being universal, are distinct languages with their own grammatical structures and regional variations. What constitutes "agree in sign language" varies significantly across different sign languages like American Sign Language (ASL), British Sign Language (BSL), and Auslan (Australian Sign Language). Simple nods or head shakes, while common in spoken communication to signify agreement, may not always carry the same weight in sign language contexts. Instead, signers often utilize a range of gestures, facial expressions, and body language to convey agreement effectively.
For instance, in ASL, a simple affirmation might involve a head nod accompanied by a specific handshape and movement, potentially even integrating the context of the conversation. A more emphatic agreement might involve a stronger nod, a broader smile, and a more pronounced movement of the hands. Conversely, subtle shifts in facial expression can modify the meaning of a sign, turning a simple acknowledgment into a nuanced expression of agreement or even qualified consent.
Cultural Nuances in Agreement:
Understanding the cultural nuances within the Deaf community is pivotal when interpreting "agree in sign language." Certain gestures or expressions might have different connotations depending on regional variations, personal style, or even individual communication preferences. For instance, a specific hand gesture that implies agreement in one Deaf community could be interpreted as something else entirely in another.
This underscores the importance of context and the need for skilled interpreters who are not only fluent in the sign language but also deeply familiar with the Deaf culture. Failing to account for these cultural nuances can lead to miscommunication, misunderstandings, and ultimately, exclusion.
Implications for Industry:
The accurate and culturally sensitive interpretation of "agree in sign language" has far-reaching implications across various sectors. Industries that rely on clear and effective communication, such as healthcare, legal services, education, and customer service, must prioritize access for Deaf individuals.
Healthcare: Misinterpreting agreement in a medical setting, for example, could have life-threatening consequences. Accurate sign language interpretation is paramount for ensuring informed consent and effective patient care.
Legal Services: In legal proceedings, the precise interpretation of "agree in sign language" is crucial for ensuring fairness and due process. Misinterpretations can lead to legal challenges and injustices.
Education: In educational settings, the ability to accurately assess a student’s understanding through interpreting their agreement signals is essential for tailored learning and support.
Customer Service: Businesses must provide access for Deaf customers, ensuring their needs are met through qualified interpreters who understand the subtleties of "agree in sign language".
Technological Advancements:
Recent technological advancements are transforming the landscape of sign language interpretation. Real-time translation software and AI-powered tools are being developed to enhance the accuracy and accessibility of sign language interpretation. While promising, these technologies must be carefully developed and validated to ensure cultural sensitivity and avoid perpetuating biases. The focus should always remain on the nuanced understanding of "agree in sign language" within the cultural context of the Deaf community.
Conclusion:
The phrase "agree in sign language" encapsulates far more than a simple translation; it embodies the intricate dance of visual communication, cultural nuances, and the imperative for inclusivity. Industries must prioritize investment in skilled interpreters and culturally sensitive technologies to bridge communication gaps and ensure equitable access for Deaf individuals. The journey toward true inclusivity necessitates a deeper understanding of the linguistic and cultural richness of sign languages, recognizing that "agree in sign language" is a critical component of effective and respectful communication.
FAQs:
1. Is there a single universal sign for "agree"? No, sign languages vary significantly, and there's no single universal sign for agreement.
2. How can I learn more about specific signs for agreement in different sign languages? Consult resources such as dictionaries and instructional videos specific to the sign language you're interested in.
3. What are the ethical considerations in interpreting "agree in sign language"? Interpreters must be culturally competent and avoid imposing their own biases or interpretations.
4. What role does facial expression play in expressing agreement in sign language? Facial expressions are integral to conveying meaning and often modify the interpretation of hand gestures.
5. Are there regional variations in how agreement is expressed in sign languages? Yes, significant regional variations exist within and between sign languages.
6. How are technological advancements impacting the interpretation of "agree in sign language"? AI and real-time translation tools are being developed, but they must prioritize cultural sensitivity.
7. What are the potential consequences of misinterpreting agreement in a professional setting? Misinterpretation can lead to misunderstandings, errors, legal challenges, and even safety hazards.
8. How can businesses improve their accessibility for Deaf customers? Businesses should hire qualified sign language interpreters and create inclusive communication strategies.
9. What are the future implications for the accurate representation of "agree in sign language"? Continued research, development, and cultural awareness are crucial for accurate representation.
Related Articles:
1. The Cultural Significance of Nodding in Sign Language: Explores the cultural variations in head nods as a form of agreement and acknowledgement.
2. Facial Expressions in ASL: A Comprehensive Guide: Details the various facial expressions used in ASL to modify meaning and convey nuances of agreement.
3. Technological Advancements in Sign Language Interpretation: Examines the current and future role of technology in assisting sign language interpreters.
4. The Role of Sign Language Interpreters in Healthcare: Focuses on the importance of accurate interpretation in medical settings.
5. Legal Considerations for Sign Language Interpretation in Courtrooms: Discusses the legal implications of accurate sign language interpretation in legal proceedings.
6. Inclusive Communication Strategies for Businesses: Provides practical advice on creating inclusive communication strategies for Deaf customers.
7. Teaching Deaf Students: Effective Strategies and Inclusivity: Explores best practices in educating Deaf students and utilizing sign language effectively.
8. The Evolution of Sign Languages: A Historical Perspective: Presents a historical overview of how sign languages have evolved and diversified.
9. The Importance of Cultural Competency in Sign Language Interpretation: Highlights the crucial role of cultural awareness for sign language interpreters.
| agree in sign language: Sign Language and Linguistic Universals Wendy Sandler, Diane Carolyn Lillo-Martin, 2006-02-02 Sign languages are of great interest to linguists, because while they are the product of the same brain, their physical transmission differs greatly from that of spoken languages. In this pioneering and original study, Wendy Sandler and Diane Lillo-Martin compare sign languages with spoken languages, in order to seek the universal properties they share. Drawing on general linguistic theory, they describe and analyze sign language structure, showing linguistic universals in the phonology, morphology, and syntax of sign language, while also revealing non-universal aspects of its structure that must be attributed to its physical transmission system. No prior background in sign language linguistics is assumed, and numerous pictures are provided to make descriptions of signs and facial expressions accessible to readers. Engaging and informative, Sign Language and Linguistic Universals will be invaluable to linguists, psychologists, and all those interested in sign languages, linguistic theory and the universal properties of human languages. |
| agree in sign language: Sign Language Roland Pfau, Markus Steinbach, Bencie Woll, 2012-08-31 Sign language linguists show here that all questions relevant to the linguistic investigation of spoken languages can be asked about sign languages. Conversely, questions that sign language linguists consider - even if spoken language researchers have not asked them yet - should also be asked of spoken languages. The HSK handbook Sign Language aims to provide a concise and comprehensive overview of the state of the art in sign language linguistics. It includes 44 chapters, written by leading researchers in the field, that address issues in language typology, sign language grammar, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, sociolinguistics, and language documentation and transcription. Crucially, all topics are presented in a way that makes them accessible to linguists who are not familiar with sign language linguistics. |
| agree in sign language: Directions in Sign Language Acquisition Gary Morgan, Bencie Woll, 2002-01-01 This is the second volume in the series 'Trends in language acquisition research'. The unusual combination in one volume of reports on various different sign languages in acquisition makes this book quite unique. |
| agree in sign language: Sign Language Phonology Diane Brentari, 2019-11-21 Surveys key findings and ideas in sign language phonology, exploring the crucial areas in phonology to which sign language studies has contributed. |
| agree in sign language: Nonmanuals in Sign Language Annika Herrmann, Markus Steinbach, 2013-06-20 In addition to the hands, sign languages make extensive use of nonmanual articulators such as the body, head, and face to convey linguistic information. This collected volume focuses on the forms and functions of nonmanuals in sign languages. The articles discuss various aspects of specific nonmanual markers in different sign languages and enhance the fact that nonmanuals are an essential part of sign language grammar. Approaching the topic from empirical, theoretical, and computational perspectives, the book is of special interest to sign language researchers, typologists, and theoretical as well as computational linguists that are curious about language and modality. The articles investigate phenomena such as mouth gestures, agreement, negation, topicalization, and semantic operators, and discuss general topics such as language and modality, simultaneity, computer animation, and the interfaces between syntax, semantics, and prosody.Originally published in Sign Language & Linguistics 14:1 (2011) |
| agree in sign language: Iconicity and Verb Agreement Marloes Oomen, 2021-12-06 In many sign languages around the world, some verbs express grammatical agreement, while many others do not. Curiously, there is a remarkable degree of semantic overlap across sign languages between verbs that do and do not possess agreement properties. This book scrutinizes the interaction between semantic and morphosyntactic structure in verb constructions in German Sign Language (DGS). Naturalistic dialogues from the DGS Corpus form the primary data source. It is shown that certain semantic properties, also known to govern transitivity marking in spoken languages, are predictive of verb type in DGS, where systematic iconic mappings play a mediating role. The results enable the formulation of cross-linguistic predictions about the interplay between verb semantics and verb type in sign languages. An analysis of the morphosyntactic properties of different verb types leads up to the conclusion that even ‘plain’ verbs agree with their arguments, where iconicity again plays a crucial role. The findings motivate a unified syntactic analysis in terms of agreement of constructions with verbs of all types, thus offering a novel solution to the typological puzzle that supposedly only a subset of verbs agree in DGS and other sign languages. |
| agree in sign language: Advances in the Sign Language Development of Deaf Children Brenda Schick, Marc Marschark, Patricia Elizabeth Spencer, 2005-09-02 The authors provide cogent summaries of what is known about early gestural development, interactive processes adapted to visual communication, & the processes of semantic, syntactic, & pragmatic development in sign. |
| agree in sign language: The Use of Signing Space in a Shared Sign Language of Australia Anastasia Bauer, 2014-09-11 In this book, an Australian Aboriginal sign language used by Indigenous people in the North East Arnhem Land (Northern Territory) is described on the level of spatial grammar. Topics discussed range from properties of individual signs to structure of interrogative and negative sentences. The main interest is the manifestation of signing space - the articulatory space surrounding the signers - for grammatical purposes in Yolngu Sign Language. |
| agree in sign language: Formal Approaches to Languages of South America Cilene Rodrigues, Andrés Saab, 2023-05-15 This book analyzes the linguistic diversity of South America based on approaches deeply rooted in the tradition of formal grammar. The chapters brought together in this contributed volume consider native languages all kinds of languages used in the region, including sign languages, indigenous languages and the romance languages (Portuguese and Spanish) originally introduced by European colonizers which underwent processes of transformation giving rise to new, local grammars. One fourth of the language families of the world are located in South America, but the majority of languages in the region are still understudied and out of the radar of theoretical linguistics mostly because their grammars are not well-known by international researchers. This book aims to fill this gap by bringing together studies rooted in the formal grammar approach first developed by Noam Chomsky, which sees language not only as mere corpora attested in oral and written production, but also as expressions of systems of thought and language production which are essential parts of human cognition. The book is divided in three parts – sign languages, romance languages and indigenous languages –, and brings together studies of the following South American languages: Brazilian Sign Language (Libras - Língua Brasileira de Sinais) Argentinian Sign Language (LSA - Lengua de Señas Argentina) Peruvian Sign Language (LSP- Lengua de Señas Peruana) Brazilian Portuguese Chilean and Argentinian Spanish Quechua Paraguayan Guarani A’ingae Macro-Jê languages Formal Approaches to the Languages of South America will be an invaluable resource both for theoretical linguists and cognitive scientists by providing access to top quality research on understudied languages and enabling these languages to be incorporated into comparative studies that can contribute to advance the knowledge of general principles governing all human languages. |
| agree in sign language: Angles of Object Agreement Andrew Nevins, Anita Peti-Stantic, Mark de Vos, Jana Willer-Gold, 2022-11-30 This volume draws on insights from a range of theoretical perspectives to explore objects, agreement, and their intersecting angles, based on novel data from multiple language families. The chapters explores the mechanics of object agreement, constraints on symmetry, features of object agreement, and issues relating to the left periphery. |
| agree in sign language: The Meaning of Space in Sign Language Gemma Barberà Altimira, 2015-07-01 Bringing together sign language linguistics and the semantics-pragmatics interface, this book focuses on the use of signing space in Catalan Sign Language (LSC). On the basis of small-scale corpus data, it provides an exhaustive description of referential devices dependent on space. The book provides insight into the study of meaning in the visual-spatial modality and into our understanding of the discourse behavior of spatial locations. |
| agree in sign language: Morphological Complexity within and across Boundaries Aslı Gürer, Dilek Uygun-Gökmen, Balkız Öztürk, 2020-07-15 This volume brings together a collection of original articles investigating state-of-the-art themes in morphology. The papers in the volume provide an in-depth analysis for spoken and sign languages within morphological word domain, morphosyntax and morphophonology. Bringing data from a variety of languages including Turkish, some understudied ones (e.g. Turkish Sign Language, Late Ottoman Turkish) and also endangered languages (e.g. Karachay-Balkar, Sauzini, Cappadocian, Aivaliot and Pharasiot Greek), the volume will be of special interest to a wide audience ranging from typologists to theoretical linguists and graduate students in linguistics and is expected to generate further research on the above mentioned languages, as well as to contribute to the cross-linguistic literature on the themes explored in the volume. |
| agree in sign language: The Routledge Handbook of Theoretical and Experimental Sign Language Research Josep Quer, Roland Pfau, Annika Herrmann, 2021-03-11 The Routledge Handbook of Theoretical and Experimental Sign Language Research bridges the divide between theoretical and experimental approaches to provide an up-to-date survey of key topics in sign language research. With 29 chapters written by leading and emerging scholars from around the world, this Handbook covers the following key areas: On the theoretical side, all crucial aspects of sign language grammar studied within formal frameworks such as Generative Grammar; On the experimental side, theoretical accounts are supplemented by experimental evidence gained in psycho- and neurolinguistic studies; On the descriptive side, the main phenomena addressed in the reviewed scholarship are summarized in a way that is accessible to readers without previous knowledge of sign languages. Each chapter features an introduction, an overview of existing research, and a critical assessment of hypotheses and findings. The Routledge Handbook of Theoretical and Experimental Sign Language Research is key reading for all advanced students and researchers working at the intersection of sign language research, linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neurolinguistics. |
| agree in sign language: Australian Sign Language (Auslan) Trevor Johnston, Adam Schembri, 2007-01-18 This is first comprehensive introduction to the linguistics of Auslan, the sign language of Australia. Assuming no prior background in language study, it explores each key aspect of the structure of Auslan, providing an accessible overview of its grammar (how sentences are structured), phonology (the building blocks of signs), morphology (the structure of signs), lexicon (vocabulary), semantics (how meaning is created), and discourse (how Auslan is used in context). The authors also discuss a range of myths and misunderstandings about sign languages, provide an insight into the history and development of Auslan, and show how Auslan is related to other sign languages, such as those used in Britain, the USA and New Zealand. Complete with clear illustrations of the signs in use and useful further reading lists, this is an ideal resource for anyone interested in Auslan, as well as those seeking a clear, general introduction to sign language linguistics. |
| agree in sign language: Signs and Structures Paweł Rutkowski, 2015-09-15 As sign language linguistics has become an important and prodigious field of research in the last few decades, it comes as no surprise that the repertoire of methodological approaches to the study of the communication of the Deaf has also expanded considerably. While earlier work on sign languages was often focused on providing arguments for them being full-fledged linguistic systems, current debates do no longer center on whether visual-spatial grammars are worth being researched, but on how this type of research should be conducted. This book contains a selection of papers that could be thought of as a good representative sample of current trends in formal approaches to the study of sign language syntax. It illustrates how generative research on the communication of the Deaf may contribute to our understanding of the syntax of natural languages in general and indicates to what extent it is possible to integrate advances in the analysis of visual-spatial grammar with current spoken language research. Originally published in Sign Language & Linguistics 16:2 (2013). |
| agree in sign language: Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research, Volume 1 Susan D. Fischer, Patricia Siple, 1990-11-19 Only recently has linguistic research recognized sign languages as legitimate human languages with properties analogous to those cataloged for French or Navajo, for example. There are many different sign languages, which can be analyzed on a variety of levels—phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics—in the same way as spoken languages. Yet the recognition that not all of the principles established for spoken languages hold for sign languages has made sign languages a crucial testing ground for linguistic theory. Edited by Susan Fischer and Patricia Siple, this collection is divided into four sections, reflecting the traditional core areas of phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Although most of the contributions consider American Sign Language (ASL), five treat sign languages unrelated to ASL, offering valuable perspectives on sign universals. Since some of these languages or systems are only recently established, they provide a window onto the evolution and growth of sign languages. |
| agree in sign language: Space in Danish Sign Language Elisabeth Engberg-Pedersen, 1993 The Semantics and Morphosyntax of the Use of Space in a Visual Language |
| agree in sign language: Language Competence Across Populations Yonata Levy, Jeannette C. Schaeffer, 2003-01-30 This unique, edited book bridges studies in language disorders and linguistic theory with timely contributions from leading scholars in language development. It presents an attempt to define Specific Language Impairment, relating it to children of normal and disordered language capabilities. The chapter presentations examine language development across a variety of populations of children, from those with Specific Language Impairment to second language learners. The contributors discuss criteria for the definition of SLI, compare and contrast SLI with profiles of children with other disorders and dialects, and offer a comprehensive look at the Whole Human Language, which ties together spoken and signed languages. Methodological concerns that affect the credibility and generalizability of the findings are discussed and controversies between opposing linguistic approaches to language acquisition are presented. The conceptual thread that gradually reveals itself as the chapters unfold is a theoretical issue of central importance to cognitive theory, as well as to our understanding of the biological correlates of language--it concerns the variability that linguistic competence can manifest in children under different biological conditions and life circumstances. Language Competence Across Populations: Toward a Definition of Specific Language Impairment is an essential volume for advanced students and scholars in linguistics and psychology who have an interest in language acquisition and language disorders, as well as for the clinical professionals dealing with children with language impairments. |
| agree in sign language: East Asian Sign Linguistics Kazumi Matsuoka, Onno Crasborn, Marie Coppola, 2022-12-05 This book is one of the first references of linguistic research of sign languages in East Asia (including China, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong). The book includes the basic descriptions of aspects of Chinese (Shanghai, Tianjin) sign language, Hong Kong Sign Language, Japanese Sign Language, Korean Sign Language, Taiwanese Sign Language, and Tibetan Sign Language. Table of contents Introduction Kazumi Matsuoka, Onno Crasborn and Marie Coppola Part 1: Manuals: Numerals, classifiers, modal verbs Historical relationships between numeral signs in Japanese Sign Language, South Korean Sign Language and Taiwan Sign Language Keiko Sagara Phonological processes in complex word formation in Shanghai Sign Language Shengyun Gu Classifiers and gender in Korean Sign Language Ki-Hyun Nam and Kang-Suk Byu Causative alternation in Tianjin Sign Language Jia He and Gladys Tan Epistemic modal verbs and negation in Japanese Sign Language Kazumi Matsuoka, Uiko Yano and Kazumi Maegawa Part 2: Non-manuals and space The Korean Sign Language (KSL) corpus and its first application on a study about mouth actions Sung-Eun Hong, Seong Ok Won, Hyunhwa Lee, Kang-Suk Byun and Eun-Young Lee Negative polar questions in Hong Kong Sign Language Felix Sze and Helen Le Analyzing head nod expressions by L2 learners of Japanese Sign Language: A comparison with native Japanese Sign Language signers Natsuko Shimotani Composite utterances in Taiwan Sign Language Shiou-fen Su Time and timelines in Tibetan Sign Language (TSL) interactions in Lhasa Theresia Hofer |
| agree in sign language: Sign Language Research Ceil Lucas, 1990 The second international conference on sign language research, hosted by Gallaudet University, yielded critical findings in vital linguistic disciplines -- phonology, morphology, syntax, sociolinguistics, language acquisition and psycholinguistics. Sign Language Research brings together in a fully synthesized volume the work of 24 of the researchers invited to this important gathering. Scholars from Belgium to India, from Finland to Uganda, and from Japan to the United States, exchanged the latest developments in sign language research worldwide. Now, the results of their findings are in this comprehensive volume complete with illustrations and photographs. |
| agree in sign language: Modality and Structure in Signed and Spoken Languages Texas Linguistics Society. Conference, 2002-10-24 Publisher Description |
| agree in sign language: Signed Languages Valerie Dively, 2001 Part Three, Psycholinguistics, offers the study, Functional Consequences of Modality: Spatial Coding in Working Memory for Signs.. |
| agree in sign language: Sign Language Research Sixty Years Later: Current and Future Perspectives Valentina Cuccio, Erin Wilkinson, Brigitte Garcia, Adam Schembri, Erin Moriarty, Sabina Fontana, 2022-11-14 |
| agree in sign language: Functional Structure in DP and IP Guglielmo Cinque, 2002-10-31 This volume presents the first results of a long-term research project, funded by the Italian government, which aims at mapping out the fine functional structure of sentences, nominal phrases, and other major phrases making up sentences. In particular, it examines the functional structure of DPs (determiner phrases) and IPs (inflection phrases). |
| agree in sign language: Icons, Analogues, and Morphemes Richard Paul Meier, 1982 |
| agree in sign language: Advances in Sign Language Corpus Linguistics Ella Wehrmeyer, 2023-04-03 This collected volume showcases cutting-edge research in the rapidly developing area of sign language corpus linguistics in various sign language contexts across the globe. Each chapter provides a detailed account of particular national corpora and methodological considerations in their construction. Part 1 focuses on corpus-based linguistic findings, covering aspects of morphology, syntax, multilingualism, and regional and diachronic variation. Part 2 explores innovative solutions to challenges in building and annotating sign language corpora, touching on the construction of comparable sign language corpora, collaboration challenges at the national level, phonological arrangement of digital lexicons, and (semi-)automatic annotation. This unique volume documenting the growth in breadth and depth within the discipline of sign language corpus linguistics is a key resource for researchers, teachers, and postgraduate students in the field of sign language linguistics, and will also provide valuable insights for other researchers interested in corpus linguistics, Construction Grammar, and gesture studies. |
| agree in sign language: Issues in Kartvelian Studies Tamar Makharoblidze, 2022-10-18 Georgia is a part of the Caucasus region, located at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north and east by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. Georgia covers a territory of 69,700 square kilometres (26,911 sq mi), and its approximate population is about 3.716 million. Georgia is a motherland of Iberian or Kartvelian languages: Georgian, Svan, Megrelian and Laz, a language family native to the South Caucasus. This diverse collection is devoted to a wide range of linguistic works, such as descriptive studies of the Kartvelian languages and Georgian sign language, along with some theoretical contributions, dialectology, lexicography, psycholinguistics and computational linguistics, as well as history, ethnography, religion and educational issues. These articles are not only the best studies of Kartvelology but also clearly show its contribution to world science. |
| agree in sign language: Arguments and Agreement Peter Ackema, 2006-09-28 This book explores the role of agreement morphology in the morphosyntactic realization of a verb's arguments. It examines the differences and parallels between configurational and nonconfigurational languages, languages that allow pronoun drop only in particular constructions, and languages which always require overt syntactic determiner phrases as arguments. These and related issues are explored in the context of a wide range of languages. The book will interest linguists at graduate level and above concerned with morphosyntactic theory, typology, and the interactions of syntax and morphology in different languages. |
| agree in sign language: The Handbook of Linguistics Mark Aronoff, Janie Rees-Miller, 2020-01-07 The first edition of this Handbook is built on surveys by well-known figures from around the world and around the intellectual world, reflecting several different theoretical predilections, balancing coverage of enduring questions and important recent work. Those strengths are now enhanced by adding new chapters and thoroughly revising almost all other chapters, partly to reflect ways in which the field has changed in the intervening twenty years, in some places radically. The result is a magnificent volume that can be used for many purposes. David W. Lightfoot, Georgetown University The Handbook of Linguistics, Second Edition is a stupendous achievement. Aronoff and Rees-Miller have provided overviews of 29 subfields of linguistics, each written by one of the leading researchers in that subfield and each impressively crafted in both style and content. I know of no finer resource for anyone who would wish to be better informed on recent developments in linguistics. Frederick J. Newmeyer, University of Washington, University of British Columbia and Simon Fraser University Linguists, their students, colleagues, family, and friends: anyone interested in the latest findings from a wide array of linguistic subfields will welcome this second updated and expanded edition of The Handbook of Linguistics. Leading scholars provide highly accessible yet substantive introductions to their fields: it's an even more valuable resource than its predecessor. Sally McConnell-Ginet, Cornell University No handbook or text offers a more comprehensive, contemporary overview of the field of linguistics in the twenty-first century. New and thoroughly updated chapters by prominent scholars on each topic and subfield make this a unique, landmark publication.Walt Wolfram, North Carolina State University This second edition of The Handbook of Linguistics provides an updated and timely overview of the field of linguistics. The editor's broad definition of the field ensures that the book may be read by those seeking a comprehensive introduction to the subject, but with little or no prior knowledge of the area. Building on the popular first edition, The Handbook of Linguistics, Second Edition features new and revised content reflecting advances within the discipline. New chapters expand the already broad coverage of the Handbook to address and take account of key changes within the field in the intervening years. It explores: psycholinguistics, linguistic anthropology and ethnolinguistics, sociolinguistic theory, language variation and second language pedagogy. With contributions from a global team of leading linguists, this comprehensive and accessible volume is the ideal resource for those engaged in study and work within the dynamic field of linguistics. |
| agree in sign language: Sign Language Research, Uses and Practices Laurence Meurant, Aurélie Sinte, Mieke Van Herreweghe, Myriam Vermeerbergen, 2013-06-26 The uses and practices of sign languages are strongly related to scientific research on sign languages and vice versa. Conversely, sign linguistics cannot be separated from Deaf community practices, including practices in education and interpretation. Therefore, the current volume brings together work on sign language interpreting, the use of spoken and sign language with deaf children with cochlear implants and early language development in children exposed to both a spoken and sign language, and reports on recent research on aspects of sign language structure. It also includes papers addressing methodological issues in sign language research. The book presents papers by more seasoned researchers and new kids on the block, as well as papers in which the two collaborate. The contributions will be of interest to all those interested in linguistics, sociolinguistics, cultural studies, interpreting and education. It will have particular relevance to those interested in sign linguistics, sociolinguistics of deaf communities, Deaf studies, Deaf culture, sign language interpretation, sign language teaching, and (spoken/signed) bilingualism. Given the scarcity of literature on Deaf studies, the book will also appeal widely beyond the traditional academic milieu. As a result, it has relevance for those teaching and learning sign languages, for professional and student interpreters and for teachers of the deaf. |
| agree in sign language: The Linguistics of British Sign Language Rachel Sutton-Spence, Bencie Woll, 1999-03-18 This is the first British textbook dealing solely with sign linguistics. |
| agree in sign language: The Handbook of Phonological Theory John A. Goldsmith, Jason Riggle, Alan C. L. Yu, 2014-01-07 The Handbook of Phonological Theory, second edition offers an innovative and detailed examination of recent developments in phonology, and the implications of these within linguistic theory and related disciplines. Revised from the ground-up for the second edition, the book is comprised almost entirely of newly-written and previously unpublished chapters Addresses the important questions in the field including learnability, phonological interfaces, tone, and variation, and assesses the findings and accomplishments in these domains Brings together a renowned and international contributor team Offers new and unique reflections on the advances in phonological theory since publication of the first edition in 1995 Along with the first edition, still in publication, it forms the most complete and current overview of the subject in print |
| agree in sign language: Handbook of Japanese Applied Linguistics Masahiko Minami, 2016-01-15 Applied linguistics is the best single label to represent a wide range of contemporary research at the intersection of linguistics, anthropology, psychology, and sociology, to name a few. The Handbook of Japanese Applied Linguistics reflects crosscurrents in applied linguistics, an ever-developing branch/discipline of linguistics. The book is divided into seven sections, where each chapter discusses in depth the importance of particular topics, presenting not only new findings in Japanese, but also practical implications for other languages. Section 1 examines first language acquisition/development, whereas Section 2 covers issues related to second language acquisition/development and bilingualism/multilingualism. Section 3 presents problems associated with the teaching and learning of foreign languages. Section 4 undertakes questions in corpus/computational linguistics. Section 5 deals with clinical linguistics, and Section 6 takes up concerns in the area of translation/interpretation. Finally, Section 7 discusses Japanese sign language. Covering a wide range of current issues in an in an in-depth, comprehensive manner, the book will be useful for researchers as well as graduate students who are interested in Japanese linguistics in general, and applied linguistics in particular. Chapter titles Chapter 1. Cognitive Bases and Caregivers' Speech in Early Language Development (Tamiko Ogura, Tezukayama University) Chapter 2. Literacy Acquisition in Japanese Children (Etsuko Haryu, University of Tokyo) Chapter 3. Age Factors in Language Acquisition (Yuko Goto Butler, University of Pennsylvania) Chapter 4. Cross-lingual Transfer from L1 to L2 Among School-age Children (Kazuko Nakajima, University of Toronto) Chapter 5. Errors and Learning Strategies by Learners of Japanese as an L2 (Kumiko Sakoda, Hiroshima University/NINJAL) Chapter 6. Adult JFL Learners' Acquisition of Speech Style Shift (Haruko Minegishi Cook, University of Hawai'i at Manoa) Chapter 7. Japanese Language Proficiency Assessment (Noriko Kobayashi, Tsukuba University) Chapter 8. The Role of Instruction in Acquiring Japanese as a Second Language (Kaoru Koyanagi, Sophia University) Chapter 9. The Influence of Topic Choice on Narrative Proficiency by Learners of Japanese as a Foreign Language (Masahiko Minami, San Francisco State University) Chapter 10. CHILDES for Japanese: Corpora, Programs, and Perspectives (Susanne Miyata, Aichi Shukutoku University) Chapter 11. KY Corpus (Jae-Ho Lee, Tsukuba University) Chapter 12. Corpus-based Second Language Acquisition Research (Hiromi Ozeki, Reitaku University) Chapter 13. Assessment of Language Development in Children with Hearing Impairment and Language Disorders (Kiyoshi Otomo, Tokyo Gakugei University) Chapter 14. Speech and Language Acquisition in Japanese Children with Down Syndrome (Toru Watamaki, Nagasaki University) Chapter 15. Revisiting Autistic Language: Is literalness a Truth or Myth? Manabu Oi (Osaka University/Kanazawa University) Chapter 16. Towards a Robust, Genre-based Translation Model and its Application (Judy Noguchi, Mukogawa Women's University; Atsuko Misaki, Kwansei Gakuin University; Shoji Miyanaga, Ritsumeikan University; Masako Terui, Kinki University) Chapter 17. Japanese Sign Language: An Introduction (Daisuke Hara, Toyota Technological Institute) Chapter 18. Japanese Sign Language Phonology and Morphology (Daisuke Hara, Toyota Technological Institute) Chapter 19. Japanese Sign Language Syntax (Noriko Imazato, Kobe City College of Technology) Chapter 20. Sign Language Development and Language Input (Takashi Torigoe, Hyogo University of Teacher Education) |
| agree in sign language: Iconicity in Cognition and across Semiotic Systems Sara Lenninger, Olga Fischer, Christina Ljungberg, Elżbieta Tabakowska, 2022-11-15 This volume investigates iconicity as to both comprehension and production of meaning in language, gesture, pictures, art and literature. It highlights iconic processes in meaning-making and interpretation across different semiotic systems at structurally, historically and pragmatically different levels of iconicity, with special focus on Cognitive Semiotics. Exploring the ubiquity of iconicity in verbal, visual and gestural communication, these contributions discuss it from the point of view of human meaning-making, examined as a phenomenon that is experienced, embodied and often polysemiotic in nature. |
| agree in sign language: The Languages and Linguistics of Europe Bernd Kortmann, Johan van der Auwera, 2011-07-27 Open publicationThe Languages and Linguistics of Europe: A Comprehensive Guide is part of the multi-volume reference work on the languages and linguistics of the continents of the world. The book supplies profiles of the language families of Europe, including the sign languages. It also discusses the areal typology, paying attention to the Standard Average European, Balkan, Baltic and Mediterranean convergence areas. Separate chapters deal with the old and new minority languages and with non-standard varieties. A major focus is language politics and policies, including discussions of the special status of English, the relation between language and the church, language and the school, and standardization. The history of European linguistics is another focus as is the history of multilingual European 'empires' and their dissolution. The volume is especially geared towards a graduate and advanced undergraduate readership. It has been designed such that it can be used, as a whole or in parts, as a textbook, the first of its kind, for graduate programmes with a focus on the linguistic (and linguistics) landscape of Europe. |
| agree in sign language: Proceedings of the Twenty-first Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society Martin Hahn, Scott C. Stoness, 2020-12-22 This book presents the complete collection of peer-reviewed presentations at the 1999 Cognitive Science Society meeting, including papers, poster abstracts, and descriptions of conference symposia. For students and researchers in all areas of cognitive science. |
| agree in sign language: Barron's American Sign Language David A. Stewart, Jennifer Stewart, 2021-01-05 Barron’s American Sign Language is a brand-new title on ASL that can be used in the classroom, as a supplemental text to high school and college courses, or for anyone who wants to learn proper ASL. The only book with comprehensive instruction and online graded video practice quizzes, plus a comprehensive final video exam. Content includes topics on the Deaf culture and community, ASL Grammar, fingerspelling, combining signs to construct detailed sentences, Everyday ASL, and much more. More than 1,000 illustrations of signs with instructions on movement--step-by-step with dialogue, tip boxes, and practice exercises and quizzes throughout to reinforce retention and to track your progress. |
| agree in sign language: Languages of the World Asya Pereltsvaig, 2020-09-03 Requiring no background in linguistics, this book introduces readers to the rich diversity of human languages. |
| agree in sign language: Current Directions in Turkish Sign Language Research Engin Arik, 2014-07-18 This book aims to contribute to our knowledge of Turkish Sign Language (TİD), and sign language linguistics in general. TİD is a relatively old signed language, and is, at present, believed to be historically unrelated to other signed languages. Linguistic studies on this language started in the early 2000s. There has been growing academic interest and an increasing body of work on TİD within the past decade, enhancing the need for this this book, which brings together chapters covering a variety of topics, such as the history of deaf education and TİD, issues regarding language documentation, a phonological study of fingerspelling, reciprocals, interrogatives, reported utterances, expressions of spatial relations including their acquisitions, and expressions of multiple entities. This book was supported in part by the TÜBİTAK Research Fund, Project No. 111K314. This edited volume serves as a useful resource for newcomers to the field, gives new momentum to future research on TİD, and offers unique perspectives in investigating sign languages in general. Finally, the intention is that the conversations within this volume will open up new discussions not only within sign linguistics, but also in other related fields such as cognitive science. |
| agree in sign language: All Things Morphology Sedigheh Moradi, Marcia Haag, Janie Rees-Miller, Andrija Petrovic, 2021-08-15 This book provides a view of where the field of morphology has been and where it is today within a particular theoretical framework, gathering up new and representative work in morphology by both eminent and emerging scholars, and touching on a very wide range of topics, approaches, and theoretical points of view. These seemingly disparate articles have a common touchstone in their focus on a word-based, paradigmatic approach to morphology. The chapters in this book elaborate on these basic themes, from the further exploration of paradigms, to studies involving words, stems, and affixes, to examinations of competition, inheritance, and defaults, to investigations of morphomes, to ways that morphology interacts with other parts of the language from phonology to sociolinguistics and applied linguistics. The editors and contributors dedicate this volume to Prof. Mark Aronoff for his profound influence on the field. |
AGREE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of AGREE is to concur in (something, such as an opinion) : admit, concede. How to use agree in a sentence. …
936 Synonyms & Antonyms for AGREE - Thesaurus.com
Find 936 different ways to say AGREE, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com.
AGREE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
AGREE definition: 1. to have the same opinion: 2. to decide something together: 3. to accept a suggestion or idea: . Learn more.
AGREE Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Agree, the general term, suggests compliance in response to any degree of persuasion or opposition: to agree to go; to agree to a …
Agree - definition of agree by The Free Dictionary
1. to be of one mind; harmonize in opinion or feeling (often fol. by with): I agree with you. 2. to have the same opinion (often fol. by on or …
AGREE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of AGREE is to concur in (something, such as an opinion) : admit, concede. How to use agree in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Agree.
936 Synonyms & Antonyms for AGREE - Thesaurus.com
Find 936 different ways to say AGREE, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com.
AGREE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
AGREE definition: 1. to have the same opinion: 2. to decide something together: 3. to accept a suggestion or idea: . Learn more.
AGREE Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Agree, the general term, suggests compliance in response to any degree of persuasion or opposition: to agree to go; to agree to a meeting, to a wish, request, demand, ultimatum.
Agree - definition of agree by The Free Dictionary
1. to be of one mind; harmonize in opinion or feeling (often fol. by with): I agree with you. 2. to have the same opinion (often fol. by on or upon): We don't agree on politics. 3. to give …
AGREE - Meaning & Translations | Collins English Dictionary
Master the word "AGREE" in English: definitions, translations, synonyms, pronunciations, examples, and grammar insights - all in one complete resource.
Agree - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
When you agree with someone, you share the same opinion, feeling, or purpose, like when you agree on the movie you will go see on Saturday afternoon. If we were living in 12th century …
