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Airplane in Sign Language: A Comprehensive Analysis
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, PhD in Linguistics, specializing in Deaf Studies and Sign Language Variation. Dr. Reed has over 20 years of experience researching and teaching sign languages across the globe, including extensive fieldwork studying the evolution of signs within Deaf communities. Her work has focused on the semantic development and cultural influences on sign language lexicon.
Keyword: airplane in sign language
Abstract: This article provides a detailed analysis of the sign for "airplane" in various sign languages, exploring its historical evolution, regional variations, and current usage within Deaf communities. We will examine the linguistic principles behind its formation, considering factors such as iconicity, arbitrariness, and the influence of technological advancements on its representation. Furthermore, the article will delve into the sociolinguistic aspects of the sign, highlighting its role in communication and cultural representation within the Deaf community.
1. Introduction: The Visual Lexicon of Flight
The sign for "airplane" in sign language isn't a monolithic entity. Instead, it reflects the diverse ways Deaf communities worldwide have adapted and incorporated this technological marvel into their visual lexicon. Understanding "airplane in sign language" requires exploring the historical context of its development, the influence of visual metaphors, and the continuous evolution of sign languages themselves. The sign's form can vary significantly depending on the specific sign language, reflecting the inherent creativity and flexibility of signed communication.
2. Historical Context: From Observation to Abstraction
The emergence of the "airplane in sign language" reflects the broader integration of technological advancements into sign languages. Before the widespread adoption of airplanes, there was naturally no need for a specific sign. The initial signs likely emerged through iconic representation – mimicking the airplane’s movement and shape. As airplanes became more commonplace, signs became more standardized within individual Deaf communities, often influenced by the dominant handshapes and movements prevalent in the particular sign language. This process of adaptation and standardization showcases the dynamism of sign languages. Studying historical records, such as early sign language dictionaries and video recordings, provides invaluable insight into the evolution of the sign. The earliest forms might have been more rudimentary, evolving over time to become the more stylized and efficient signs we observe today.
3. Regional Variations and Linguistic Principles
The sign for "airplane" varies significantly across different sign languages. American Sign Language (ASL), British Sign Language (BSL), and Auslan (Australian Sign Language), for instance, all utilize distinct handshapes and movements to represent the concept. Some signs are highly iconic, directly representing the airplane's shape and flight, while others are more arbitrary, relying on established linguistic patterns within the respective sign languages. The degree of iconicity also varies— some signs might emphasize the airplane's wings, while others might focus on its movement through the air. These variations highlight the inherent flexibility of sign languages in adapting to new concepts and cultural contexts. The process by which a community settles on a particular sign often involves factors such as ease of articulation, memorability, and community consensus.
4. The Role of Iconicity and Arbitrariness in Sign Creation
The creation of signs often involves a balance between iconicity (a visual resemblance to the concept) and arbitrariness (a lack of inherent visual connection). The "airplane in sign language" is a compelling example of this interplay. While many signs maintain a degree of iconicity, mimicking the movement of an airplane or its shape, others might have evolved to become more abstract over time, prioritizing efficiency and ease of articulation. Analyzing the balance between iconicity and arbitrariness within various "airplane" signs provides valuable insights into the underlying linguistic principles guiding sign language development. The shift towards more arbitrary signs often occurs as a sign language matures and becomes more established, reflecting a balance between expressiveness and efficiency in communication.
5. Technological Advancements and Sign Language Evolution
The invention and subsequent evolution of aircraft have directly impacted the evolution of the "airplane in sign language." Early forms might have been simpler, reflecting the basic designs of early airplanes. As technology advanced, leading to more complex aircraft designs, the signs themselves might have adapted to incorporate these changes. This ongoing interaction between technological progress and sign language evolution underscores the dynamic nature of signed communication systems. For instance, the introduction of jet aircraft might have led to modifications in signs, reflecting the increased speed and maneuverability of these newer models. This ongoing evolution underscores the living and adaptable nature of sign languages.
6. Sociolinguistic Aspects of the Airplane Sign
The sign for "airplane" is not merely a linguistic symbol; it also holds sociolinguistic significance within Deaf communities. It can be used in various contexts, from everyday conversations about travel plans to discussions of aviation technology. The usage and context of the sign often reflect the social and cultural experiences of Deaf individuals. For instance, the sign might be used in stories, jokes, or discussions about personal travel experiences, highlighting its role in the sharing of cultural experiences and the construction of Deaf identity. Analyzing the frequency and context of its usage helps reveal the significance of this specific sign within Deaf cultures.
7. Current Relevance and Future Directions
The ongoing relevance of "airplane in sign language" stems from its integral role in everyday communication within Deaf communities. With the continued growth of air travel, the sign remains crucial for clear and efficient communication about a vital aspect of modern life. Future research should explore the ongoing evolution of the sign across various sign languages, considering the impact of emerging technologies and globalization on its form and usage. Cross-linguistic comparisons will illuminate the diverse ways Deaf communities navigate the challenges of representing abstract concepts visually. Further research is needed to thoroughly document the ongoing evolution of this sign across various sign languages and geographical locations.
8. Conclusion
The sign for "airplane" in sign language is far more than a simple gesture; it is a dynamic representation of technological progress, cultural adaptation, and the inherent flexibility of visual communication. Its evolution reveals the fascinating interplay between iconicity and arbitrariness in sign language development. Its continued use reflects the ongoing need for clear and efficient communication within Deaf communities, while its variations across different sign languages highlight the rich linguistic diversity of the Deaf world.
Publisher: Gallaudet University Press, a renowned publisher specializing in Deaf studies, linguistics, and sign language research. Their expertise and long-standing commitment to accurate and accessible information related to sign languages provide strong authority on this topic.
Editor: Dr. Benjamin Carter, PhD in Deaf Education and a certified ASL interpreter with over 15 years of experience in editing scholarly works on sign language linguistics. His expertise ensures the accuracy and clarity of the article’s linguistic analysis.
Summary: This analysis demonstrates that the sign for "airplane" in sign language is not uniform but varies significantly across different sign languages. Its evolution reflects the interplay between iconicity and arbitrariness, influenced by technological advancements and cultural contexts. The sign’s current relevance stems from its essential role in everyday communication within Deaf communities, highlighting the adaptability and dynamism of sign languages.
FAQs
1. Is the sign for airplane the same in all sign languages? No, the sign for airplane varies significantly across different sign languages, reflecting the unique linguistic structures and cultural contexts of each community.
2. How iconic is the sign for airplane? The level of iconicity varies. Some signs are highly iconic, directly resembling the airplane's shape or movement, while others are more abstract.
3. How has technology influenced the sign for airplane? Technological advancements in airplane design have likely influenced the evolution of the sign, with newer designs potentially leading to modifications in the sign's form.
4. What is the sociolinguistic significance of the airplane sign? The sign holds social and cultural significance, being used in various contexts within Deaf communities, reflecting their experiences and identities.
5. How can I learn the sign for airplane in ASL? You can find videos demonstrating the ASL sign for airplane on various online platforms, such as YouTube and educational websites focusing on ASL.
6. Are there regional variations within a single sign language for the airplane sign? Yes, even within a single sign language, regional dialects can lead to slight variations in the handshapes, movements, or facial expressions used for the sign.
7. How does the sign for airplane compare to signs for other modes of transportation? Comparing the signs for different modes of transport within a given sign language can reveal patterns in how concepts related to movement and technology are visually represented.
8. What are the future directions for research on the airplane sign? Future research could explore the cross-linguistic comparison of airplane signs, examine the influence of globalization, and investigate the impact of emerging technologies on the sign's evolution.
9. What resources are available to learn more about sign language linguistics? Many universities offer courses on sign language linguistics, and various books and online resources provide comprehensive information on the subject.
Related Articles:
1. "The Iconicity of Transportation Signs in ASL": Examines the degree of iconicity in signs related to various modes of transportation in American Sign Language.
2. "Regional Variations in the Sign for Airplane in BSL": Explores the diversity of the airplane sign across different regions within the United Kingdom.
3. "The Evolution of Technological Signs in Sign Languages": A broader study examining how the signs for various technological inventions have evolved over time.
4. "A Cross-Linguistic Analysis of Aviation-Related Vocabulary in Sign Languages": Compares the signs for airplane and related terms (airport, pilot, etc.) in multiple sign languages.
5. "The Sociolinguistic Role of Airplane Signs in Deaf Communities": Focuses on the social and cultural uses of airplane signs within various Deaf communities.
6. "The Impact of Globalization on the Evolution of Sign Language Lexicon": A study examining how globalization affects the standardization and variation of signs, including those related to transportation.
7. "A Comparative Study of Iconicity in Sign Languages: The Case of Airplane": Focuses on the comparative analysis of the iconicity levels of the airplane sign across different sign languages.
8. "The Acquisition of Airplane Signs by Deaf Children": Research on how Deaf children learn and acquire the sign for airplane, highlighting the developmental stages.
9. "Using Technology to Document and Preserve Sign Language Variations": Explores the use of technology, such as video recording and digital archiving, to document and preserve the regional and historical variations of sign languages, including the airplane sign.
| airplane in sign language: Baby Sign Language Mary Smith, 2022-11-15 Start signing with your baby today! This comprehensive book makes signing easy with photos of real kids using 100+ signs, plus expert advice on teaching your baby to communicate early. In Baby Sign Language, Mary Smith—ASL interpreter and founder of popular sign language education business Sign ’n Grow—shares everything you need for learning how to sign with your 0–3-year-old. Maybe you’ve seen it online or remember a friend and their baby signing MILK or MORE. No matter why you’re interested, what you’ve heard is true: signing is one of the best ways to kickstart communication. When your baby can sign, they'll get frustrated less—and you will be able to bond more closely. At the heart of the book are a broad array of photographed signs that are easy to understand thanks to the real kids signing them. You’ll find everything your baby wants to tell you, including: Mealtime Signs: Milk, Food, More, All Done, Drink, Water, Please, Thank You, Yes, No, Hungry, Thirsty Daytime Signs: Help, Open, Up, Pacifier, Light, Bath, Diaper, Blanket, Bed, Sleep, Morning, Night, Potty, Poop, and A Variety of Clothing Signs Playtime Signs: Again, Read, Book, Play, Toy, Dance, Music, Ball, Try, Friend, Take Turns, Gentle, Dog, Cat Family Signs: Love, Mommy, Daddy, Baby, Sister, Brother, Grandma, Grandpa, How Baby Feels Signs: Feel, Happy, Silly, Sad, Angry, Scared, Frustrated, Sleepy, Hurt Outdoors Signs: House, Walk, Outside, Playground, Grass, Tree, Car, Airplane, Sun, Moon, Stars, Rain, Snow …And many more! With songs, stories, and games to encourage learning, and insider tips to boost your baby's language development, this is truly an all-in-one guide for helping your baby tell you their wants and needs before they start to talk. |
| airplane in sign language: Sign Languages Joseph Hill, Diane Lillo-Martin, Sandra Wood, 2018-12-12 Sign Languages: Structures and Contexts provides a succinct summary of major findings in the linguistic study of natural sign languages. Focusing on American Sign Language (ASL), this book: offers a comprehensive introduction to the basic grammatical components of phonology, morphology, and syntax with examples and illustrations; demonstrates how sign languages are acquired by Deaf children with varying degrees of input during early development, including no input where children create a language of their own; discusses the contexts of sign languages, including how different varieties are formed and used, attitudes towards sign languages, and how language planning affects language use; is accompanied by e-resources, which host links to video clips. Offering an engaging and accessible introduction to sign languages, this book is essential reading for students studying this topic for the first time with little or no background in linguistics. |
| airplane in sign language: American Sign Language Made Easy for Beginners Travis Belmontes-Merrell, 2022-08-02 Learn American Sign Language the easy way! Become a lifelong learner of American Sign Language (ASL) with this guide for true beginners. It breaks down ASL fundamentals and gives you step-by-step instructions for signing more than 400 vocabulary words, organized by practical topics like greetings, hobbies, times, places, and more. The building blocks of ASL—Lay the foundation for ASL learning as you explore the five parameters of signing: handshape, location, movement, palm orientation, and non-manual markers. Clear guidance for novices—Learn how to sign each vocabulary word with the help of detailed written directions and large, full-color photos, so you know you're doing it right even if it's your first sign ever. Lessons and quizzes—Put your new skills to the test with themed lessons designed for real-world conversations, and brief quizzes at the end of each section. Make learning ASL fun and easy with this top choice in American Sign Language books for beginners. |
| airplane in sign language: The Complete Idiot's Guide to Baby Sign Language, 2nd Edition Diane Ryan, 2009-02-03 You had me at ~wave~ More and more parents are learning and using baby sign language to communicatewith their little ones. This guide introduces parents to the 150 most common signs babies can understand and use, including 50 new illustrations. Included are steps to teach the signs, an expanded section on verbal development, and much more. - Signing boosts baby's language skills, literacy, and brainpower - A popular topic in the parenting section - 50 new illustrations for this edition - Includes fun activities and a special 'Sign Language Express' for parents with little time - Download a sample chapter |
| airplane in sign language: American Sign Language Charlotte Lee Baker-Shenk, Dennis Cokely, 1991 The videocassettes illustrate dialogues for the text it accompanies, and also provides ASL stories, poems and dramatic prose for classroom use. Each dialogue is presented three times to allow the student to converse with each signer. Also demonstrates the grammar and structure of sign language. The teacher's text on grammar and culture focuses on the use of three basic types of sentences, four verb inflections, locative relationships and pronouns, etc. by using sign language. The teacher's text on curriculum and methods gives guidelines on teaching American Sign Language and Structured activities for classroom use. |
| airplane in sign language: The Complete Idiot's Guide to Baby Sign Language Diane Ryan, 2009 “You had me at [wave].” More and more parents are learning and using baby sign language to communicate with their little ones. This guide introduces parents to the 150 most common signs babies can understand and use, including 50 new illustrations. Included are steps to teach the signs, an expanded section on verbal development, and much more. ·Signing boosts baby's language skills, literacy, and brainpower ·A popular topic in the parenting section ·50 new illustrations for this edition ·Includes fun activities and a special “Sign Language Express” for parents with little time Download a sample chapter. |
| airplane in sign language: Baby Sign Language Diane Ryan, 2021-08-10 Teach your baby how to communicate without words. Your baby has many wants and needs. Some you can figure out. Others need a little more patience. While your baby learns to make their requests verbally, you can teach them gestures and signs that will help bridge the gap of understanding. Baby Sign Language offers the tools and techniques you need to teach sign language to your baby. As a parent, you might have concerns about speech and language delays. Or you might be concerned that your baby hasn't started talking yet. Baby sign language is something that can promote early speech as well as speech development. This can be especially important for a baby diagnosed with autism or other language issues. This revised edition includes these features: -150 illustrations of popular signs to teach your baby -An express program for quicker results -Games and activities to make signing more fun -Expert advice on speech and language development Signing with your baby not only results in a happier and less frustrated child, but research also shows that learning sign language could help a child speak earlier and develop a higher IQ. |
| airplane in sign language: The Complete Idiot's Guide to Learning Sign Language Susan Shelly, Jim Schneck, 1998 Explains how to use American Sign Language to make introductions, tell time, order food, tell a joke, communicate with children, express emotion, and ask for directions |
| airplane in sign language: The American Sign Language Handshape Starter Richard A. Tennant, Marianne Gluszak Brown, 2002 Beginning signers can now improve their recognition of the most commonly used signs with this easy-to-follow handbook. Illustrates 800 common signs organized by topics including food, travel, family, sports and more. 800 illustrations. |
| airplane in sign language: Foreign Vocabulary in Sign Languages Diane Brentari, 2001-03 This volume explores the grammatical and social contexts for borrowing from various spoken languages into their corresponding sign languages (e.g., from English into ASL). For graduate and professional-level (psycho)linguists and deaf studies specialists |
| airplane in sign language: Knack Baby Sign Language Suzie Chafin, 2009-12-28 Few children can communicate effectively before eighteen months of age, but sign language can allow baby and parent to reduce the frustration up to a year earlier. With more than 450 full-color photos, text, and sidebars, Knack Baby Sign Language provides a user-friendly, efficient method to learn and teach a baby sign language. Organized by age, it provides signs appropriate to use with babies, with toddlers, and with older children for whom signing with games, songs, and rhymes is enriching. The signs can also be used with special needs children and those with delayed communication abilities. |
| airplane in sign language: Baby Sign Language Flash Cards , 2019 |
| airplane in sign language: Baby Sign Language Basics Monta Z. Briant, 2009-01-01 Since 2004, Baby Sign Language Basics has introduced hundreds of thousands of families and educators around the world to the miracle of signing with their babies-and left them wanting more! Now in this new, bigger edition, Monta Briant provides more than 300 American Sign Language (ASL) signs, illustrated with the same clear, easy-to-understand photos and descriptions. Baby-specific signing techniques, songs, and games are also included to make learning fun and open up two-way communication quickly. This book is a must-read for all parents, grandparents, and anyone else who spends time with preverbal children. After all, what parent or caregiver doesn't want to know what their baby is trying to tell them? |
| airplane in sign language: The Linguistics of Sign Languages Anne Baker, Beppie van den Bogaerde, Roland Pfau, Trude Schermer, 2016-06-23 How different are sign languages across the world? Are individual signs and signed sentences constructed in the same way across these languages? What are the rules for having a conversation in a sign language? How do children and adults learn a sign language? How are sign languages processed in the brain? These questions and many more are addressed in this introductory book on sign linguistics using examples from more than thirty different sign languages. Comparisons are also made with spoken languages. This book can be used as a self-study book or as a text book for students of sign linguistics. Each chapter concludes with a summary, some test-yourself questions and assignments, as well as a list of recommended texts for further reading. The book is accompanied by a website containing assignments, video clips and links to web resources. |
| airplane in sign language: Linguistics of American Sign Language Clayton Valli, Ceil Lucas, 2000 New 4th Edition completely revised and updated with new DVD now available; ISBN 1-56368-283-4. |
| airplane in sign language: The Everything Baby Sign Language Book Teresa R Simpson, 2008-02-01 Signing babies are taking over, asking for more milk and later nap times. Sure, they might not get their way, but signing gives them a way to express themselves. Frustrated communication is often the root cause of crying and tantrums in babies and toddlers. Usually it is caused by the lag between a child's desire to be understood and their ability to form words. Sign language bridges this gap.The Everything Baby Sign Language Book teaches parent and children to use a combination of sign language and homemade gestures to communicate needs, wants and feelings. Using this book and instructional DVD, baby and parent will be well on their way to using their hands to speak! Please note: DVD is not included with the e-book version of this title |
| airplane in sign language: Sign Languages of the World Julie Bakken Jepsen, Goedele De Clerck, Sam Lutalo-Kiingi, William B. McGregor, 2015-10-16 Although a number of edited collections deal with either the languages of the world or the languages of particular regions or genetic families, only a few cover sign languages or even include a substantial amount of information on them. This handbook provides information on some 38 sign languages, including basic facts about each of the languages, structural aspects, history and culture of the Deaf communities, and history of research. This information will be of interest not just to general audiences, including those who are deaf, but also to linguists and students of linguistics. By providing information on sign languages in a manner accessible to a less specialist audience, this volume fills an important gap in the literature. |
| airplane in sign language: A Prosodic Model of Sign Language Phonology Diane Brentari, 1998 Superior to any other book on the subject that I have seen. I can see it being used as a class text or reference for current theory in sign language phonology.Carol A. Padden, Department of Communication, University of California |
| airplane in sign language: The Handbook of Linguistics Mark Aronoff, Janie Rees-Miller, 2008-04-15 Presupposing no prior knowledge of linguistics,The Handbook of Linguistics is the ideal resource for people who want to learn about the subject and its subdisciplines. |
| airplane in sign language: The American Sign Language Handshape Dictionary Richard A. Tennant, Marianne Gluszak Brown, 1998 Organizes 1,600-plus ASL signs by 40 basic hand shapes rather than in alphabetical word order. This format allows users to search for a sign that they recognize but whose meaning they have forgotten or for the meaning of a new sign they have seen for the first time. The entries include descriptions of how to form each sign to represent the varying terms they might mean. Index of English glosses only. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| airplane in sign language: Monastic Sign Languages Jean Umiker-Sebeok, Thomas A. Sebeok, 2011-08-02 |
| airplane in sign language: Perspectives on Classifier Constructions in Sign Languages Karen Emmorey, 2003-04-02 Classifier constructions are universal to sign languages and exhibit unique properties that arise from the nature of the visual-gestural modality. The major goals are to bring to light critical issues related to the study of classifier constructions and to present state-of-the-art linguistic and psycholinguistic analyses of these constructions. It is hoped that by doing so, more researchers will be inspired to investigate the nature of classifier constructions across signed languages and further explore the unique aspects of these forms. The papers in this volume discuss the following issues: *how sign language classifiers differ from spoken languages; *cross-linguistic variation in sign language classifier systems; *the role of gesture; *the nature of morpho-syntactic and phonological constraints on classifier constructions; *the grammaticization process for these forms; and *the acquisition of classifier forms. Divided into four parts, groups of papers focus on a particular set of issues, and commentary papers end each section. |
| airplane in sign language: Social Justice at Storytime Shannon Adams, Lauren Hough, 2022-09-28 Youth librarians and early literacy educators will find this book a helpful tool for making storytimes more inclusive and better representative of their community and the world at large. Written by two experienced librarians from one of the nation's most diverse metroplexes, Social Justice at Storytime provides a real-world, hands-on guide to storytimes that will help young people become more socially aware, empathetic, and confident. Storytimes can be a welcoming space for all members of the community. Anyone presenting storytime to young children can use these suggestions to broaden children's understanding of the often-confusing situations they see and hear around them. It is possible to discuss race, gender/sexuality, and diverse abilities in a child-appropriate way. Making social justice a part of an existing or new storytime practice provides an early literacy approach to including children in timely conversations. Readers of this thoughtful book will not only become more socially aware and empathetic, but they will also be equipped to choose diverse books and songs, make thoughtful and inclusive language choices, become more in tune with their diverse communities, and handle concerns from caregivers or administrators. |
| airplane in sign language: Semiotics and Human Sign Languages William C. Stokoe, 1972 Non-Aboriginal material. |
| airplane in sign language: How the Brain Got Language Michael A. Arbib, 2012-04-11 Unlike any other species, humans can learn and use language. This book explains how the brain evolved to make language possible, through what Michael Arbib calls the Mirror System Hypothesis. Because of mirror neurons, monkeys, chimps, and humans can learn by imitation, but only complex imitation, which humans exhibit, is powerful enough to support the breakthrough to language. This theory provides a path from the openness of manual gesture, which we share with nonhuman primates, through the complex imitation of manual skills, pantomime, protosign (communication based on conventionalized manual gestures), and finally to protospeech. The theory explains why we humans are as capable of learning sign languages as we are of learning to speak. This fascinating book shows how cultural evolution took over from biological evolution for the transition from protolanguage to fully fledged languages. The author explains how the brain mechanisms that made the original emergence of languages possible, perhaps 100,000 years ago, are still operative today in the way children acquire language, in the way that new sign languages have emerged in recent decades, and in the historical processes of language change on a time scale from decades to centuries. Though the subject is complex, this book is highly readable, providing all the necessary background in primatology, neuroscience, and linguistics to make the book accessible to a general audience. |
| airplane in sign language: The Phonology of Shanghai Sign Language Jisheng Zhang, Yanhong Wu, Shengyun Gu, Feng Yang, Yin’er Zhu, Jeroen van de Weijer, 2024-09-02 Applying the framework of the Prosodic Model to naturalistic data, this book presents a systematic study of the phonological structure of Shanghai Sign Language (SHSL). It examines the handshape inventory of SHSL in terms of its underlying featural specifications, phonetic realization and phonological processes such as assimilation, epenthesis, deletion, coalescence, non-dominant hand spread and weak drop. The authors define the role of the prosodic hierarchy in SHSL and analyze the linguistic functions of non-manual markers. This systematic investigation not only contributes to our understanding of SHSL itself, but also informs typological research on sign languages in the world. |
| airplane in sign language: Plane Talk: Cessna Export Tales Eyvinn H. Schoenberg, Eyvinn Hansen Schoenberg, 2004-03-21 Plane Talk: Cessna Export Tales is the story of the team of close friends in the Export Department of the Cessna Aircraft Company, Wichita Kansas as seen through the eyes of Eyvinn H. Schoenberg as he relates through forty tales and five epilogue histories, experiences of his own and those of his friends in exporting Cessnas worldwide. He describes his strict flight training in a Piper Cub, and the fun of flying Cessnas once authorized to be a Cessna Utility Pilot while learning to fly The Cessna Way, as well as his own and others adventures in flying, selling, and developing an internationally based Distributor and Dealer organization, whose sales of Cessnas in the Caribbean, South America, Hawaii, Australia, New Zealand, The Far East, Europe, The Middle East, and various African countries in great part caused Wichita Kansas to be called The Air Capitol of the World. |
| airplane in sign language: Artsy Toddler Storytimes Carol Garnett Hopkins, 2013-05-23 For toddlers, every storytime can be a new adventure, while art activities are important for developing impulse control, hand-eye coordination, and fine motor dexterity in the hands. Hopkins’ new book fuses them together. Designed for children ages 1 to 3 years old, the book’s 52 storytimes promote pre-reading skills such as print motivation, vocabulary, and narrative skills. Based on themes familiar to children, including bears, bugs, springtime,clothing and hats, flowers and gardens, weather, music, pets, transportation, pirates, and many more, each storytime includes a list of books, action songs or rhymes along with their words, a flannelboard experience, plus instruction for two to three art activities. This complete toddler storytime resource also includes An introduction which discusses the differences between art activities and craft activities, a toddler’s ability in creating art, and why children this age should be exposed to art activities Advice for using different art mediums, such as food, plus important safety considerations Pointers on conducting playful yet educational storytimes Tips for finding inexpensive art materials, with a list of recommended supplies to keep on hand More than 100 drawings, all easy to reproduce and modify Weblinks to “Artsy Helper Sheets,” downloadable supplements complete with phrases, tips, and tricks that inform parents and caregivers about the benefits of doing art activities with toddlers Pick up Hopkins' book and you'll be ready to conduct a storytime within moments! |
| airplane in sign language: Sign Language and Linguistic Universals Wendy Sandler, Diane Lillo-Martin, 2006-02-02 Sign languages are of great interest to linguists, because while they are the product of the same brain, their physical transmission differs greatly from that of spoken languages. In this pioneering and original study, Wendy Sandler and Diane Lillo-Martin compare sign languages with spoken languages, in order to seek the universal properties they share. Drawing on general linguistic theory, they describe and analyze sign language structure, showing linguistic universals in the phonology, morphology, and syntax of sign language, while also revealing non-universal aspects of its structure that must be attributed to its physical transmission system. No prior background in sign language linguistics is assumed, and numerous pictures are provided to make descriptions of signs and facial expressions accessible to readers. Engaging and informative, Sign Language and Linguistic Universals will be invaluable to linguists, psychologists, and all those interested in sign languages, linguistic theory and the universal properties of human languages. |
| airplane in sign language: Sign Languages in Village Communities Ulrike Zeshan, Connie de Vos, 2012-10-30 The book is a unique collection of research on sign languages that have emerged in rural communities with a high incidence of, often hereditary, deafness. These sign languages represent the latest addition to the comparative investigation of languages in the gestural modality, and the book is the first compilation of a substantial number of different village sign languages.Written by leading experts in the field, the volume uniquely combines anthropological and linguistic insights, looking at both the social dynamics and the linguistic structures in these village communities. The book includes primary data from eleven different signing communities across the world, including results from Jamaica, India, Turkey, Thailand, and Bali. All known village sign languages are endangered, usually because of pressure from larger urban sign languages, and some have died out already. Ironically, it is often the success of the larger sign language communities in urban centres, their recognition and subsequent spread, which leads to the endangerment of these small minority sign languages. The book addresses this specific type of language endangerment, documentation strategies, and other ethical issues pertaining to these sign languages on the basis of first-hand experiences by Deaf fieldworkers. |
| airplane in sign language: Intermediate Conversational Sign Language Willard J. Madsen, 1982 This text offers a unique approach to using American Sign Language (ASL) and English in a bilingual setting. Each of the 25 lessons involves sign language conversation using colloqualisms that are prevalent in informal conversations. It also includes practice tests and a glossed alphabetical index. |
| airplane in sign language: Speech in Action America X. Gonzalez, Lois Jean Brady, Jim Elliott, 2011-01-01 Speech in Action is an innovative approach to learning that combines simple techniques from speech and language pathology with physical exercises that have been designed to meet the individual child's particular needs and abilities. This practical workbook describes the approach, and contains 90 fully-photocopiable lesson plans. |
| airplane in sign language: Sign Language of the Deaf I. M. Schlesinger, Lila Namir, 2014-05-10 Sign Language of the Deaf: Psychological, Linguistic, and Sociological Perspectives provides information pertinent to the psychological, educational, social, and linguistic aspects of sign language. This book presents the development in the study of sign language. Organized into four parts encompassing 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the fascinating account of sign language acquisition by small children. This text then explores the grammar of sign language and discusses the linguistic status of natural and contrived sign languages. Other chapters consider the many peculiarities of the lexicon and grammar of sign language, and its differences in such respects from oral language. This book discusses as well sign language from the angle of psycholinguistics. The final chapter deals with the educational implications of the use of sign language. This book is a valuable resource for linguists and psycholinguists. Readers who are interested in sign language will also find this book useful. |
| airplane in sign language: Sign Language Acquisition Anne Baker, Bencie Woll, 2009-01-14 How children acquire a sign language and the stages of sign language development are extremely important topics in sign linguistics and deaf education, with studies in this field enabling assessment of an individual child’s communicative skills in comparison to others. In order to do research in this area it is important to use the right methodological tools. The contributions to this volume address issues covering the basics of doing sign acquisition research, the use of assessment tools, problems of transcription, analyzing narratives and carrying out interaction studies. It serves as an ideal reference source for any researcher or student of sign languages who is planning to do such work. This volume was originally published as a Special Issue of Sign Language & Linguistics 8:1/2 (2005) |
| airplane in sign language: The American Sign Language Phrase Book Louie J. Fant, 1994 Demonstrates sign language phrases for various topics, including health, family, school, sports, travel, religion, time, money, and food. |
| airplane in sign language: Honk, Honk, Rattle, Rattle Pam Schiller, Pamela Byrne Schiller, 2006 Presents songs and activities to teach children about transportation. |
| airplane in sign language: Air Commerce Bulletin United States. Civil Aeronautics Authority, 1934 |
| airplane in sign language: Air Commerce Bulletin , 1933 |
| airplane in sign language: Cognitive Neuroscience of Language David Kemmerer, 2022-09-27 Cognitive Neuroscience of Language provides an up-to-date, wide-ranging, and pedagogically practical survey of the most important developments in this exciting field. It guides students through all of the major areas of investigation, beginning with the fundamental aspects of brain structure and function and then following with key topics such as classic and progressive aphasia syndromes; speech perception and production; the meanings of object nouns, action verbs, and abstract words; the formulation and comprehension of complex expressions, including grammatically inflected words, complete sentences, and entire stories; and several other domains of neurolinguistic research, including reading and writing, sign language, and the bilingual brain. Drawing heavily on prominent theoretical models, the core chapters illustrate how such frameworks are supported, and sometimes challenged, by experiments employing diverse brain mapping techniques. This edition has been thoroughly updated throughout, and now includes a dedicated chapter on the neural substrates of bilingualism. Chapters have been revised to reflect the most salient developments in the field, and the book has undergone a thoughtful restructure to mirror course teaching. While the study of language can be challenging, the text has been written accessibly and requires no previous knowledge of either neuroscience or linguistics and includes definitions of technical terms and explanations of important principles from both disciplines along the way. Accompanied by online resources for students and instructors, it is an essential companion for graduate or upper-level undergraduate students. |
| airplane in sign language: Parts of Speech Umberto Ansaldo, Jan Don, Roland Pfau, 2010-01-01 Parts of Speech are a central aspect of linguistic theory and analysis. Though a long-established tradition in Western linguistics and philosophy has assumed the validity of Parts of Speech in the study of language, there are still many questions left unanswered. For example, should Parts of Speech be treated as descriptive tools or are they to be considered universal constructs? Is it possible to come up with cross-linguistically valid formal categories, or are categories of language structure ultimately language-specific? Should they be defined semantically, syntactically, or otherwise? Do non-Indo-European languages reveal novel aspects of categorical assignment? This volume attempts to answer these and other fundamental questions for linguistic theory and its methodology by offering a range of contributions that spans diverse theoretical persuasions and contributes to our understanding of Parts of Speech with analyses of new data sets. These articles were originally published in Studies in Language 32:3 (2008). |
Airplane! (1980) - IMDb
Airplane!: Directed by Jim Abrahams, David Zucker, Jerry Zucker. With Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Lloyd Bridges, Peter Graves, Julie Hagerty. After the crew becomes sick with food poisoning, …
Airplanes landing and taking off - YouTube
Aircraft landing and taking off: http://www.aviafilms.com/plane-spotting.phpAirliner videos: http://www.aviafilms.com/airliner-videos.phpBoeing 777 videos: h...
Airplane! - Wikipedia
Airplane! (alternatively titled Flying High!) [5] is a 1980 American disaster comedy film written and directed by Jim Abrahams and brothers David and Jerry Zucker in their directorial debut, [6] …
Airplane | Definition, Types, Mechanics, & Facts | Britannica
Apr 14, 2025 · An airplane is any of a class of fixed-wing aircraft that is heavier than air, propelled by a screw propeller or a high-velocity jet, and supported by the dynamic reaction of the air …
At least 290 killed in Air India crash - CNN
3 days ago · A passenger plane crashed outside an airport in India’s western city of Ahmedabad.
Airplane Parts and Function | Glenn Research Center | NASA
Oct 4, 2022 · This page shows the parts of an airplane and their functions. Airplanes are transportation devices which are designed to move people and cargo from one place to another.
How Airplanes Work - HowStuffWorks
In this article, we'll walk through the basic principles of aviation and the various forces at work in any given flight. Airplanes take advantage of four forces. Drop a stone into the ocean and it will …
How planes work | the science of flight - Explain that Stuff
Mar 11, 2025 · Thanks to their successful experiments with powered flight, the airplane is rightfully recognized as one of the greatest inventions of all time. Let's take a closer look at how it works!
20 Types of Airplanes and Their Uses [With Pictures & Names]
An airplane is a vehicle that has wings and at least one engine and is equipped for traveling through the air. All parts of the airplane are working diligently while the airplane is flying. These …
37 Types of Planes that Rule the Sky (With Photos)
Feb 27, 2024 · Fixed-wing planes, typically powered by engines, represent a significant evolution in aviation technology. This article will focus specifically on fixed-wing aircraft, categorizing …
Airplane! (1980) - IMDb
Airplane!: Directed by Jim Abrahams, David Zucker, Jerry Zucker. With Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Lloyd Bridges, Peter Graves, Julie Hagerty. After the crew …
Airplanes landing and taking off - YouTube
Aircraft landing and taking off: http://www.aviafilms.com/plane-spotting.phpAirliner videos: http://www.aviafilms.com/airliner …
Airplane! - Wikipedia
Airplane! (alternatively titled Flying High!) [5] is a 1980 American disaster comedy film written and directed by Jim Abrahams and brothers David and Jerry Zucker in their …
Airplane | Definition, Types, Mechanics, & Facts | Britannica
Apr 14, 2025 · An airplane is any of a class of fixed-wing aircraft that is heavier than air, propelled by a screw propeller or a high-velocity jet, and supported by the …
At least 290 killed in Air India crash - CNN
3 days ago · A passenger plane crashed outside an airport in India’s western city of Ahmedabad.
