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The Elusive "al" in Science: Deciphering its Meaning and Significance
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, PhD, Professor of Chemistry and Scientific Terminology at the University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Reed has over 20 years of experience in researching and teaching scientific nomenclature and terminology, with a particular focus on the historical evolution and contemporary applications of suffixes in scientific naming conventions.
Publisher: Springer Nature. Springer Nature is a leading global research, educational, and professional publisher, known for its rigorous peer-review process and commitment to publishing high-quality scientific literature. Their reputation ensures the reliability and accuracy of the information presented.
Editor: Dr. Alistair Finch, PhD, a seasoned science editor with over 15 years of experience at Springer Nature. Dr. Finch specializes in editing scientific manuscripts focused on chemistry, biology, and related fields, ensuring clarity and accuracy in the representation of scientific data and terminology.
Keyword: al meaning in science
Introduction: Unpacking the Ubiquitous "al"
The suffix "-al" appears frequently in scientific terminology, often indicating a specific chemical class, functional group, or property. Understanding its meaning is crucial for comprehending the vast landscape of scientific nomenclature. This report delves into the multifaceted nature of "al meaning in science," exploring its historical roots, current applications, and significance across diverse scientific disciplines. The pervasive use of "-al" highlights its importance in communicating complex scientific concepts concisely and accurately.
1. "al" as a Chemical Suffix: The Foundation
In chemistry, the suffix "-al" is predominantly associated with aldehydes. Aldehydes are organic compounds characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) located at the end of a carbon chain. The systematic naming convention of organic chemistry uses "-al" to denote this functional group. For example, methanal (formaldehyde), ethanal (acetaldehyde), and propanal are all named according to this rule. This systematic nomenclature is based on IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) guidelines, the globally accepted standard for chemical nomenclature. The consistent use of "-al" in this context simplifies the identification and classification of aldehydes, allowing for efficient communication among chemists worldwide. Research into aldehyde chemistry, frequently referencing compounds named with "-al," is vast, spanning synthesis, reactivity, and biological applications.
2. Beyond Aldehydes: Expanding the Scope of "-al"
While aldehydes are the most prominent association with "-al," the suffix's meaning in science expands beyond this core definition. In certain contexts, "-al" can denote other functional groups or properties:
Alcohols (often "-ol"): While "-ol" is the primary suffix for alcohols, some older or less common naming conventions might incorporate "-al" in specific cases. Historical research on chemical nomenclature reveals this variation.
Salts: Certain salts, particularly those derived from acids, may incorporate "-al" in their names, reflecting the acid's original name.
Descriptive Terms: "-al" can also act as a descriptive suffix, indicating a relationship or property. For example, "colloidal" refers to a specific state of matter, while "structural" describes the arrangement of components.
The context-dependent nature of "-al" underscores the importance of careful consideration when interpreting scientific terminology. Research papers consistently demonstrate the need for accurate and unambiguous language in scientific communication, making an understanding of these nuances essential.
3. "-al" in Other Scientific Disciplines: A Broader Perspective
The application of "-al" is not confined to chemistry. Its presence extends to other scientific disciplines, albeit with varying interpretations:
Biology: Terms like "neural," "bacterial," and "somatal" showcase "-al" indicating association or origin. For instance, "neural" signifies a connection to neurons in the nervous system. Studies in neuroscience routinely employ such terminology, highlighting the importance of understanding the suffix's meaning in this field.
Physics: While less common than in chemistry and biology, "-al" can appear in descriptive terms like "gravitational" or "thermal," indicating a relationship to gravity or heat, respectively. Research papers in these fields rely on clear and precise language, ensuring a correct interpretation of the presented data.
Geology: Terms such as "alluvial" (relating to alluvium – sediment deposited by rivers) demonstrate the suffix's role in describing geological processes and formations. Geological research articles often utilize such terminology.
4. The Historical Evolution of "-al" in Science: A Linguistic Journey
The historical evolution of "-al" in science is rooted in Latin and Greek origins. The suffix "-alis" in Latin often served a similar descriptive purpose, indicating a relationship or attribute. Over time, this evolved into "-al" in scientific English. Examining historical scientific texts reveals the gradual assimilation and standardization of this suffix in scientific nomenclature. Understanding this linguistic evolution provides a richer understanding of the current usage and significance of "-al" in the context of scientific communication.
5. The Importance of Accurate Terminology: Avoiding Ambiguity
The diverse applications of "-al" underscore the critical importance of accurate and precise scientific terminology. Misinterpreting the meaning of "-al" can lead to significant errors in understanding scientific concepts and data. This highlights the need for careful attention to detail and a comprehensive understanding of scientific nomenclature when engaging with research papers or scientific literature.
Conclusion
The suffix "-al" serves as a versatile and essential element in scientific terminology, significantly contributing to concise and accurate communication across various disciplines. While primarily associated with aldehydes in chemistry, its meaning expands to encompass descriptive attributes and relationships in diverse fields. Understanding the historical evolution and current applications of "al meaning in science" is crucial for effective scientific communication, data interpretation, and the advancement of scientific knowledge. The consistent use and standardized understanding of this suffix are cornerstones of clear and unambiguous scientific discourse.
FAQs
1. What is the primary meaning of "-al" in organic chemistry? In organic chemistry, "-al" primarily denotes the aldehyde functional group, characterized by a carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain.
2. Are there any exceptions to the "-al" rule for aldehydes? While generally consistent, certain complex molecules might deviate from the standard "-al" naming convention due to complexities in their structure or historical naming practices.
3. How does the meaning of "-al" differ across different scientific fields? The meaning of "-al" can vary slightly across scientific fields, often functioning as a descriptive suffix indicating relationship or origin rather than a specific functional group.
4. What are some examples of "-al" suffixes in biology? Examples include "neural," "bacterial," "somatal," and many others, indicating a connection or origin relative to neurons, bacteria, or soma (cell body), respectively.
5. Is "-al" always used consistently in scientific literature? While efforts are made towards standardization, inconsistencies can arise due to historical practices, emerging fields, or variations in regional terminology.
6. Why is understanding "al meaning in science" crucial? Accurate interpretation of scientific terminology is fundamental to comprehending scientific concepts, data analysis, and avoiding misinterpretations which can impact research and development.
7. What is the role of IUPAC in defining "-al" usage? The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) plays a significant role in establishing guidelines and standards for chemical nomenclature, including the consistent usage of "-al" for aldehydes.
8. How can I improve my understanding of scientific terminology containing "-al"? Consistent exposure to scientific literature, utilizing dictionaries of scientific terms, and engaging with educational resources can greatly enhance understanding of complex scientific vocabulary.
9. What are the potential consequences of misinterpreting "-al" in a scientific context? Misinterpreting "-al" can lead to inaccurate conclusions, flawed research interpretations, and potentially harmful implications in fields like medicine and engineering where precise terminology is paramount.
Related Articles:
1. Nomenclature of Organic Compounds: A detailed exploration of the rules and conventions used in naming organic molecules, including a focus on the use of suffixes like "-al."
2. Aldehydes in Biological Systems: A review of the roles and functions of aldehydes in living organisms, with examples of compounds featuring the "-al" suffix.
3. The History of Chemical Nomenclature: A historical account of the evolution of naming conventions in chemistry, illustrating the development and standardization of terms ending in "-al."
4. IUPAC Recommendations for Chemical Nomenclature: An overview of the official guidelines established by IUPAC for naming chemical compounds, offering insights into the usage and rationale behind suffixes like "-al."
5. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions and Mechanisms: A comprehensive text exploring the chemical reactions of aldehydes and other functional groups, with numerous examples of compounds ending in "-al."
6. Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life: A textbook covering fundamental biochemical processes, including discussions of molecules with names containing the suffix "-al."
7. The Language of Science: A Guide to Scientific Writing: A guide to effective scientific communication, emphasizing the importance of precise and unambiguous terminology including suffixes such as "-al."
8. A Dictionary of Scientific Terms: A comprehensive reference work providing definitions and explanations of scientific terminology, including entries for terms containing "-al."
9. Introduction to General Chemistry: A foundational text introducing fundamental chemical principles and nomenclature, including a discussion of aldehydes and the "-al" suffix.
| al meaning in science: Inclusive and Accessible Secondary Science Jane Essex, 2023-07-20 Drawing on extensive professional experience and detailed empirical evidence, this resource sets out an insightful, highly practical approach to teaching science to secondary-aged students with learning difficulties and other special educational or additional support needs (SEND/ASN). The book explores the barriers that the secondary school science curriculum currently presents to those who do not learn in the expected way, before providing a wealth of practical strategies to help teachers, in both specialist and mainstream settings, to make science more accessible. Multiple science topics are covered in depth, including living and non-living matter, the periodic table, electrical energy, the solar system, the environment and more. Each topic is supported by extensive teachers’ notes outlining activities that will allow educational practitioners to enact the principles of accessibility in the classroom. With rich field notes and practical takeaways included to accompany key insights, this accessible book will provide science teachers at the secondary school level, as well as support staff and anyone aspiring to teach science to SEN/ASN learners, with the guidance and resources they need to make science education meaningfully inclusive. |
| al meaning in science: The Emergence of Semantics in Four Linguistic Traditions Wout Jac. van Bekkum, Jan Houben, Ineke Sluiter, Kees Versteegh, 1997-04-03 The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of the role of semantics in the linguistic theory of four grammatical traditions, Sanskrit, Hebrew, Greek, Arabic. If one compares the organization of linguistic theory in various grammatical traditions, it soon turns out that there are marked differences in the way they define the place of ‘semantics’ within the theory. In some traditions, semantics is formally excluded from linguistic theory, and linguists do not express any opinion as to the relationship between syntactic and semantic analysis. In other traditions, the whole basis of linguistic theory is semantically orientated, and syntactic features are always analysed as correlates of a semantic structure. However, even in those traditions, in which semantics falls explicitly or implicitly outside the scope of linguistics, there may be factors forcing linguists to occupy themselves with the semantic dimension of language. One important factor seems to be the presence of a corpus of revealed/sacred texts: the necessity to formulate hermeneutic rules for the interpretation of this corpus brings semantics in through the back door. |
| al meaning in science: The Dictionary of Scientific Terms and Technological Expressions by W. M. Buchanan W. M. Buchanan, 1869 |
| al meaning in science: Drawing for Science Education Phyllis Katz, 2017-03-23 This book argues for the essential use of drawing as a tool for science teaching and learning. The authors are working in schools, universities, and continual science learning (CSL) settings around the world. They have written of their experiences using a variety of prompts to encourage people to take pen to paper and draw their thinking – sometimes direct observation and in other instances, their memories. The result is a collection of research and essays that offer theory, techniques, outcomes, and models for the reader. Young children have provided evidence of the perceptions that they have accumulated from families and the media before they reach classrooms. Secondary students describe their ideas of chemistry and physics. Teacher educators use drawings to consider the progress of their undergraduates’ understanding of science teaching and even their moral/ethical responses to teaching about climate change. Museum visitors have drawn their understanding of the physics of how exhibit sounds are transmitted. A physician explains how the history of drawing has been a critical tool to medical education and doctor-patient communications. Each chapter contains samples, insights, and where applicable, analysis techniques. The chapters in this book should be helpful to researchers and teachers alike, across the teaching and learning continuum. The sections are divided by the kinds of activities for which drawing has historically been used in science education: An instance of observation (Audubon, Linnaeus); A process (how plants grow over time, what happens when chemicals combine); Conceptions of what science is and who does it; Images of identity development in science teaching and learning. |
| al meaning in science: The Dictionary of Scientific Terms and Technological Expressions ... Fifth Edition W. M. BUCHANAN, 1869 |
| al meaning in science: Origin and Development of Experimental Science Muin-ud-Din Ahmad Khan, 1997 |
| al meaning in science: The Science of Religion, Spirituality, and Existentialism Kenneth E. Vail III, Clay Routledge, 2020-04-04 The Science of Religion, Spirituality, and Existentialism presents in-depth analysis of the core issues in existential psychology, their connections to religion and spirituality (e.g., religious concepts, beliefs, identities, and practices), and their diverse outcomes (e.g., psychological, social, cultural, and health). Leading scholars from around the world cover research exploring how fundamental existential issues are both cause and consequence of religion and spirituality, informed by research data spanning multiple levels of analysis, such as: evolution; cognition and neuroscience; emotion and motivation; personality and individual differences; social and cultural forces; physical and mental health; among many others. The Science of Religion, Spirituality, and Existentialism explores known contours and emerging frontiers, addressing the big question of why religious belief remains such a central feature of the human experience. - Discusses both abstract concepts of mortality and concrete near-death experiences - Covers the struggles and triumphs associated with freedom, self-regulation, and authenticity - Examines the roles of social exclusion, experiential isolation, attachment, and the construction of social identity - Considers the problems of uncertainty, the effort to discern truth and reality, and the challenge to find meaning in life - Discusses how the mind developed to handle existential topics, how the brain and mind implement the relevant processes, and the many variations and individual differences that alter those processes - Delves into the psychological functions of religion and science; the influence on pro- and antisocial behavior, politics, and public policy; and looks at the role of spiritual concerns in understanding the human body and maintaining physical health |
| al meaning in science: Science and Religion Yiftach Fehige, 2016-02-12 This volume situates itself within the context of the rapidly growing interdisciplinary field that is dedicated to the study of the complex interactions between science and religion. It presents an innovative approach insofar as it addresses the Eurocentrism that is still prevalent in this field. At the same time it reveals how science develops in the space that emerges between the ‘local’ and the ‘global’. The volume examines a range of themes central to the interaction between science and religion: ‘Eastern’ thought within ‘Western’ science and religion and vice versa, and revisits thinkers who sought to integrate ‘Eastern’ and ‘Western’ thinking. It studies Zen Buddhism and its relation to psychotherapy, Islamic science, Vedantic science, atheism in India, and Darwinism, offering in turn new perspectives on a variety of approaches to nature. Part of the Science and Technology Studies series, this volume brings together original perspectives from major scholars from across disciplines and will be of great interest to scholars and students of science and technology studies, history of science, philosophy of science, religious studies, and sociology. |
| al meaning in science: The New International Encyclopædia Frank Moore Colby, Talcott Williams, 1917 |
| al meaning in science: The Role of Language in Content Pedagogy Lay Hoon Seah, Rita Elaine Silver, Mark Charles Baildon, 2022-11-01 This book explores the importance of language in content learning. It focuses on teachers’ roles, knowledge and understanding of language in school contexts (including academic language and disciplinary languages) to support students. It examines teachers' language-related knowledge base for content teaching, which include teachers' knowledge of and about language, knowledge of (their) students and their pedagogical knowledge. This book also explores how teachers’ knowledge of language, students and content are linked as part of a larger pedagogical content knowledge, which includes knowledge of the role of language in content learning. As well, it further considers literacy (and literacies) as part of this examination of teachers’ knowledge of language. |
| al meaning in science: Quality Teaching in Primary Science Education Mark W. Hackling, Jörg Ramseger, Hsiao-Lan Sharon Chen, 2016-10-24 This edited volume explores how primary school teachers create rich opportunities for science learning, higher order thinking and reasoning, and how the teaching of science in Australia, Germany and Taiwan is culturally framed. It draws from the international and cross-cultural science education study EQUALPRIME: Exploring quality primary education in different cultures: A cross-national study of teaching and learning in primary science classrooms. Video cases of Year 4 science teaching were gathered by research teams based at Edith Cowan University, Deakin University, the Freie Universität Berlin, the National Taiwan Normal University and the National Taipei University of Education. Meetings of these research teams over a five year period at which data were shared, analysed and interpreted have revealed significant new insights into the social and cultural framing of primary science teaching, the complexities of conducting cross-cultural video-based research studies, and the strategies and semiotic resources employed by teachers to engage students in reasoning and meaning making. The book’s purpose is to disseminate the new insights into quality science teaching and how it is framed in different cultures; methodological advancements in the field of video-based classroom research in cross-cultural settings; and, implications for practice, teacher education and research. “The chapters (of this book) address issues of contemporary relevance and theoretical significance: embodiment, discursive moves, the social unit of learning and instruction, inquiry, and reasoning through representations. Through all of these, the EQUALPRIME team manages to connect the multiple cultural perspectives that characterise this research study. The ‘meta-reflection’ chapters offer a different form of connection, linking cultural and theoretical perspectives on reasoning, quality teaching and video-based research methodologies. The final two chapters offer connective links to implications for practice in teacher education and in cross-cultural comparative research into teaching and learning. These multiple and extensive connections constitute one of the books most significant accomplishments. The EQUALPRIME project, as reported in this book, provides an important empirical base that must be considered by any system seeking to promote sophisticated science learning and instructional practices in primary school classrooms. By exploring the classroom realisation of aspirational science pedagogies, the EQUALPRIME project also speaks to those involved in teacher education and to teachers. I commend this book to the reader. It offers important insights, together with a model of effective, collegial, collaborative inter-cultural research. It will help us to move forward in important ways”. Professor David Clarke, Melbourne University |
| al meaning in science: The New International Encyclopaedia Daniel Coit Gilman, Harry Thurston Peck, Frank Moore Colby, 1905 |
| al meaning in science: Medieval Islamic Civilization: L-Z, index Josef W. Meri, 2006 Publisher description |
| al meaning in science: Water, Creativity and Meaning Liz Roberts, Katherine Phillips, 2018-08-06 At a time of great turmoil and crisis, environmentally, socially and politically, water has emerged as a topic of huge global concern. Moreover, many argue that what is needed in order to change our relationship with the environment is a cultural paradigm shift. To this end, this volume brings together diverse approaches to exploring human relationships with the watery world and the other living things that rely upon it. Through exploring multiple creative ways of engaging with water and people, the volume adds to the current zeitgeist of writing about water by expanding the discussion about this vital substance and how, as humans, we relate to it. Chapters focus on creative explorations and explorations of creativity in relation to developing these understandings, including concepts such as hydrocitizenship and responses to drought and flooding. Drawing on the in-depth research and experience of arts practitioners including participatory artists, as well as academics from a variety of fields including geography, anthropology, health studies and environmental humanities, the book provides a rich and multidisciplinary perspective on water and creative ways of engaging and understanding human–water relationships. It represents a valuable source and inspiration for academics, arts practitioners and those involved in environmental policy and governance. |
| al meaning in science: COVID-19 and Existential Positive Psychology (PP2.0): The New Science of Self-Transcendence Paul T. P. Wong, Claude-Hélène Mayer, Gökmen Arslan, In the era of COVID-19, many people have suffered high levels of stress and mental health problems. To cope with the widespread of suffering (physical, psychological, social, and economical) the positive psychology of personal happiness is no longer the sole approach to examine personal wellbeing. Other approaches such as Viktor Frankl’s theory of self-transcendence provide a promising framework for research and intervention on how to achieve resilience, wellbeing, and happiness through overcoming suffering and self-transcendence. The existential positive psychology of suffering complements the positive psychology of happiness, which is championed by Martin Seligman, as two equal halves of the circle of wellbeing and optimal mental health. This Research Topic aims to examine the different approaches to Positive Psychology and their influence on individual wellbeing during the COVID-19 era. One of the exciting development in the positive psychology of wellbeing is the mounting research on the adaptive benefits of negative emotions, such as shame, guilt, and anger, as well as the dialectical process of balancing negative and positive emotions. As an example, based on all the empirical research and Frankl’s self-transcendence model, Wong has developed the existential positive psychology of suffering (PP2.0) as the foundation for flourishing. Here are a few main tenets of PP2.0: (1) Life is suffering and a constant struggle throughout every stage of development, (2) The search for self-transcendence is a primary motive guided by the meaning mindset and mindful mindset. (3) Wellbeing cannot be sustainable without overcoming and transforming suffering. In this Research Topic we welcome diverse approaches discussing the following points: • The dialectic process of overcoming the challenges of every stage of development as necessary for personal growth and self-transcendence; • The role of self-transcendence in resilience, virtue, meaning, and happiness; • The upside of negative emotions; • The new science of resilience based on cultivating the resilient mindset and character; • How to make the best use of suffering to achieve out potentials & mental health. |
| al meaning in science: A New Science of Suffering, the Wisdom of the Soul, and the New Behavioral Economics of Happiness: Towards a General Theory of Well-being Paul T. P Wong, Lok Sang Ho, Richard Gregory Cowden, Claude-Hélène Mayer, Fan Yang, 2023-10-24 New developments in positive psychology have evolved into the 2nd and 3rd waves, going beyond the individual and positive focus towards complex systems, multi-cultures, and the existential positive psychology of transcending suffering. The present project aims at developing a general theory of well-being that integrates all the above changes as the new frontier of positive psychology. At a time when humanity is threatened by all kinds of existential crises, from climate change to nuclear war, from ideological polarization to a widening income gap, we need to develop a big-picture theoretical framework showing that happiness is not just for those living in peace and prosperity, but also for those struggling in dire poverty and war-ravaged countries like Ukraine, not just for the self, but also for others, not just for the present, but also for future generations. This broader approach towards wellbeing opens up new vistas for research and interventions. |
| al meaning in science: Space Science and the Arab World Jörg Matthias Determann, 2018-01-29 When Sultan bin Salman left Earth on the shuttle Discovery in 1985, he became the first Arab, first Muslim and first member of a royal family in space. Twenty-five years later, the discovery of a planet 500 light years away by the Qatar Exoplanet Survey - subsequently named `Qatar-1b' - was evidence of the cutting-edge space science projects taking place across the Middle East. This book identifies the individuals, institutions and national ideologies that enabled Arab astronomers and researchers to gain support for space exploration when Middle East governments lacked interest. Jorg Matthias Determann shows that the conquest of space became associated with national prestige, security, economic growth and the idea of an `Arab renaissance' more generally. Equally important to this success were international collaborations: to benefit from American and Soviet expertise and technology, Arab scientists and officials had to commit to global governance of space and the common interests of humanity. Challenging the view that the golden age of Arabic science and cosmopolitanism was situated in the medieval period, Determann tells the story of the new discoveries and scientific collaborations taking place from the 19th century to the present day. An innovative contribution to Middle East studies and history of science, the book also appeals to increased business, media and political interest in the Arab space industry. |
| al meaning in science: Contributions from Science Education Research Roser Pintó, Digna Couso, 2007-09-19 In August 2005, over 500 researchers from the field of science education met at the 5th European Science Education Research Association conference. Two of the main topics at this conference were: the decrease in the number of students interested in school science and concern about the worldwide outcomes of studies on students’ scientific literacy. This volume includes edited versions of 37 outstanding papers presented, including the lectures of the keynote speakers. |
| al meaning in science: The Rise of Science in Islam and the West John W. Livingston, 2017-12-14 This is a study of science in Muslim society from its rise in the 8th century to the efforts of 19th-century Muslim thinkers and reformers to regain the lost ethos that had given birth to the rich scientific heritage of earlier Muslim civilization. The volume is organized in four parts; the rise of science in Muslim society in its historical setting of political and intellectual expansion; the Muslim creative achievement and original discoveries; proponents and opponents of science in a religiously oriented society; and finally the complex factors that account for the end of the 500-year Muslim renaissance. The book brings together and treats in depth, using primary and secondary sources in Arabic, Turkish and European languages, subjects that are lightly and uncritically brushed over in non-specialized literature, such as the question of what can be considered to be purely original scientific advancement in Muslim civilization over and above what was inherited from the Greco–Syriac and Indian traditions; what was the place of science in a religious society; and the question of the curious demise of the Muslim scientific renaissance after centuries of creativity. The book also interprets the history of the rise, achievement and decline of scientific study in light of the religious temper and of the political and socio-economic vicissitudes across Islamdom for over a millennium and integrates the Muslim legacy with the history of Latin/European accomplishments. It sets the stage for the next momentous transmission of science: from the West back to the Arabic-speaking world of Islam, from the last half of the 19th century to the early 21st century, the subject of a second volume. |
| al meaning in science: A linguistic study of the development of scientific vocabulary in Standard Arabic Abdul Sahib Mehdi Ali, 2013-09-05 First published in 1987. The reasons behind the establishment of this Series on Arabic linguistics are manifold. First: Arabic linguistics is developing into an increasingly interesting and important subject within the broad field of modern linguistic studies. The subject is now fully recognised in the Universities of the Arabic speaking world and in international linguistic circles, as a subject of great theoretical and descriptive interest and importance. Second: Arabic linguistics is reaching a mature stage in its development benefiting both from early Arabic linguistic scholarship and modern techniques of general linguistics and related disciplines. Third: The scope of this discipline is wide and varied, covering diverse areas such as Arabic phonetics, phonology and grammar, Arabic psycholinguistics, Arabic dialectology, Arabic lexicography and lexicology, Arabic sociolinguistics, the teaching and learning of Arabic as a first, second, or foreign language, communications, semiotics, terminology, translation, machine translation, Arabic computational linguistics, history of Arabic linguistics, etc. This is monograph 6 in the series. |
| al meaning in science: The Comparative Study of Traditional Asian Literatures Vladimir Braginsky, 2013-10-11 This book represents the first ever published introduction to the comparative study of traditional Asian literatures, embracing three vast literary zones: Arab-Islamic, Indo-South East Asian and Sino-Far Eastern. The aim of the book is to outline the main properties of Asian literatures in the period of 'reflective traditionalism' (the early centuries CE to the first half of the 19th century), when the creation of a vast body of aesthetically significant works was coupled with the emergence of literary self-awareness: when the nature of the creative process, the poetics and functions of the literary works, and the ways of their influence on the reader were thoroughly comprehended and committed to writing for the first time. The book is intended for specialists in Asian literatures, comparative literature, and literary theory, and for students of these topics. |
| al meaning in science: The Terms of Risala-i Nur Collection Ahmed Akgunduz, 2024-04-15 This important academic work is the necessary fruit of our academic efforts, which we have been carrying out for nearly 10 years, to revise the four main books of the Risāla-i Nūr Collection, The Words, The Rays, The Flashes and The Letters of Bedīuzzaman, and to explain important academic terms with glosses. The first two of these works are now in print and have attracted considerable interest in scholarly circles. Upon requests, we have found it appropriate to publish these terms, which are essential for the understanding of the Risāla-i Nūr Collection, as a separate book. |
| al meaning in science: Helping Scientists to Communicate Well for All Considered: Strategic Science Communication in an Age of Environmental and Health Crises Scott McWilliams, Marcia Allison, Marina Joubert, Ingrid Lofgren, Brianne Suldovsky, 2022-09-16 |
| al meaning in science: Theology And Science: From Genesis To Astrobiology Joseph Seckbach, Richard Gordon, 2018-12-06 The age-old debate between science and faith invites more players to the fore in this book. Proponents of the origin of life as a natural process and natural selection as a mechanism of evolution come face to face with advocates for the intervention of a creator, while other scholars believe that the gulf between science and religion should be bridged.At turns disconcerting, revelatory, and profound, readers are invited to leave their preconceived notions at the door and join these writers in this curious journey of discovery. |
| al meaning in science: Teaching, Learning and Scaffolding in CLIL Science Classrooms Yuen Yi Lo, Angel M.Y. Lin, 2021-05-15 This edited volume presents a collection of empirical studies examining the teaching and learning processes in science classrooms in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) contexts. It is a timely contribution to the rapidly growing body of CLIL research in response to scholars’ consistent calls for more classroom-based research on the issues in integration of content and language teaching in lessons. With the dual goal of content and language learning, students in CLIL programmes are also facing double challenges – mastery of abstract, cognitively demanding content knowledge and unfamiliar academic language. Focusing on the notion of “scaffolding”, this edited volume demonstrates how science teachers can provide appropriate and timely scaffolding for their students to overcome the challenges in CLIL science classrooms. With studies from different educational settings (Hong Kong, Mainland China, Singapore and Australia) and epistemological paradigms, and adopting a variety of research designs, this volume will provide key insights into CLIL pedagogy and teacher education. Originally published as special issue of Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education 7:2 (2019). |
| al meaning in science: Arabian Nights, in 16 volumes , 2008-12-01 Notorious for the delight he took in tweaking the sexual taboos of the Victorian age-as well as the delight he took in the resulting shock of his bashful peers-British adventurer, linguist, and author CAPTAIN SIR RICHARD FRANCIS BURTON (1821-1890) is perhaps best remembered for his unexpurgated translation of the Eastern classic The One Thousand and One Nights, more famously known today as The Arabian Nights. Originating in Persian, Indian, and Arabic sources as far back as the ninth century AD, this collection of bawdy tales-which Burton was the first to bring to English readers in uncensored form-has exerted incalculable influence on modern literature. It represents one of the earliest examples of a framing story, as young Shahrazad, under threat of execution by the King, postpones her death by regaling him with these wildly entertaining stories over the course of 1,001 nights. The stories themselves feature early instances of sexual humor, satire and parody, murder mystery, horror, and even science fiction. Burton's annotated 16-volume collection, as infamous as it is important, was first published between 1885 and 1888, and remains an entertainingly naughty read. Volume XVI-the sixth and final volume of Burton's Supplemental Nights-includes: [ The History of Al-Bundukani or, the Caliph Harun Al-Rashid and the Daughter of King Kisra [ The Linguist-Dame, The Duenna and the King's Son [ The Tale of the Warlock and the Young Cook of Baghdad [ The Pleasant History of the Cock and the Fox [ appendices, notes, and indexes [ and more. |
| al meaning in science: Inclusive Science Communication in Theory and Practice Thomas Hayden, Erika Check Hayden, Mónica Ivelisse Feliú-Mójer, Raychelle Burks, 2022-08-02 |
| al meaning in science: Science Teaching and a New Teacher Culture Mario Roberto Quintanilla Gatica, |
| al meaning in science: The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night Leonard C. Smithers, 1894 |
| al meaning in science: The Imperial Dictionary, English, Technological, and Scientific John Ogilvie, 1856 |
| al meaning in science: Orchids in Traditional Medicine Sourav Mukherjee, 2020-01-07 Orchids are beautiful, aren’t they? Decorations made of these spectacular plants make the whole atmosphere divine! Their range of colour, the pattern of the flowers and the dots and ridges on the floral parts make them unique and ‘different’. Interestingly, they are the most well-praised medicinal plants in the world. For ages, most countries have been harbouring and using these plants to treat several ailments like that in Ayurved, ancient Chinese medicine, etc. They’re also advocated and boasted for potential healers. Besides, numerous folklore uses, which may or may not be documented, can be traced. Being very juvenile, our research has provided scanty (as compared to their actual uses) information on the validation part of these plants. Orchids in Traditional Medicine tries to take you to the mysteriously beautiful world of orchids, providing a glimpse into understanding their potential and medicinal uses. It also seeks to putatively understand the Ayurvedic doctrine and the existing disputes regarding the use of orchids. Let us now explore the world of medicinal orchids! |
| al meaning in science: Islam, Science, and the Challenge of History Ahmad Dallal, 2010-05-18 In this wide-ranging and masterly work, Ahmad Dallal examines the significance of scientific knowledge and situates the culture of science in relation to other cultural forces in Muslim societies. He traces the ways the realms of scientific knowledge and religious authority were delineated historically. For example, the emergence of new mathematical methods revealed that many mosques built in the early period of Islamic expansion were misaligned relative to the Ka'ba in Mecca; this misalignment was critical because Muslims must face Mecca during their five daily prayers. The realization of a discrepancy between tradition and science often led to demolition and rebuilding and, most important, to questioning whether scientific knowledge should take precedence over religious authority in a matter where their realms clearly overlapped--Page 2 of cover. |
| al meaning in science: Visual images in science education Vasilia Christidou, Fotini Bonoti, Vassilia Hatzinikita, 2023-05-03 |
| al meaning in science: A plain and literaltranslation of the Arabian nights' entertainments Arabian nights, 1901 |
| al meaning in science: Supplemental Nights to the Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night , 1901 |
| al meaning in science: Science in a Time of Crisis: Communication, Engagement and the Lived Experience of the Covid-19 Pandemic Dara M. Wald, Ulrike Felt, Anabela Carvalho, 2022-06-02 |
| al meaning in science: The Oxford Handbook of the Science of Science Communication Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Dan Kahan, Dietram A. Scheufele, 2017-05-17 The proposal to vaccinate adolescent girls against the human papilloma virus ignited political controversy, as did the advent of fracking and a host of other emerging technologies. These disputes attest to the persistent gap between expert and public perceptions. Complicating the communication of sound science and the debates that surround the societal applications of that science is a changing media environment in which misinformation can elicit belief without corrective context and likeminded individuals are prone to seek ideologically comforting information within their own self-constructed media enclaves. Drawing on the expertise of leading science communication scholars from six countries, The Oxford Handbook of the Science of Science Communication not only charts the media landscape - from news and entertainment to blogs and films - but also examines the powers and perils of human biases - from the disposition to seek confirming evidence to the inclination to overweight endpoints in a trend line. In the process, it draws together the best available social science on ways to communicate science while also minimizing the pernicious effects of human bias. The Handbook adds case studies exploring instances in which communication undercut or facilitated the access to scientific evidence. The range of topics addressed is wide, from genetically engineered organisms and nanotechnology to vaccination controversies and climate change. Also unique to this book is a focus on the complexities of involving the public in decision making about the uses of science, the regulations that should govern its application, and the ethical boundaries within which science should operate. The Handbook is an invaluable resource for researchers in the communication fields, particularly in science and health communication, as well as to scholars involved in research on scientific topics susceptible to distortion in partisan debate. |
| al meaning in science: A Tutors' understanding of the Characteristics of Science Knowledge. A Guide in Classroom Practice Patrick Okec, 2023-06-02 Document from the year 2020 in the subject Didactics - Common Didactics, Educational Objectives, Methods, , language: English, abstract: Today science teaching and learning is among other points of focus in educational research worldwide. This is because low students’ achievement in science educational programs has remained a great concern for all and for a long time and science literate individuals make greater contributions towards development. In response, Uganda government among other strategies recommended paying higher salaries to all her scientists’ employees. Students’ science performance in northern Uganda primary teachers’ colleges persistently remained low for a long time in spite of several efforts made for improvement. Good science teaching which improves performance demands for a graduate teachers’ full understanding of characteristics of science knowledge. Characteristics of science refers to different ways by which science knowledge or information can be explained or described correctly, for example, science knowledge is subjective and tentative. This study therefore investigated levels of tutors’ understanding of characteristics of science knowledge, their educational qualifications and year one and two students’ performance in Kyambogo University promotional and final 2017 and 2018 science education examinations results. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results indicated tutors have recommended qualifications but lack understanding of characteristics of science knowledge and students’ performance is also low. The condition requires Kyambogo University to ensure immediate integration of science tutors’ training curriculum with the framework of ideas of characteristics of science knowledge. In addition, education managers should organize and plan for workshop training for tutors on characteristics of science knowledge. |
| al meaning in science: Science for Policy Handbook Vladimír Šucha, Marta Sienkiewicz, |
| al meaning in science: The Content Of Science: A Constructivist Approach To Its Teaching And learning Peter J. Fensham, Richard F. Gunstone, Richard T. White, 2013-11-26 First published in 1994. Leading scholars in science education from eight countries on four continents and ex-pert practising science teachers (primary and secondary) wrote about the teaching and learning of particular science content or skills, and hence how different science content requires different sorts of teaching and learning. Having shared the papers, they then met to discuss them and subsequently revised them. The result is a coherent set of chapters that share valuable insights about the teaching and learning of science. Some chapters consider the detail of specific topics (e.g. floating and sinking, soil and chemical change), some describe innovative procedures, others provide powerful theory. Together they provide a comprehensive analysis of constructivist learning and teaching implications. |
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