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Agriculture Science and Technology: A Comprehensive Guide to Best Practices and Pitfalls
Author: Dr. Anya Sharma, PhD in Agricultural Engineering, 15+ years of experience in agricultural research and development at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI).
Publisher: Global Agricultural Publications (GAP), a leading publisher specializing in agricultural science, technology, and sustainable farming practices. GAP publishes peer-reviewed journals, textbooks, and practical guides for farmers, researchers, and policymakers worldwide.
Editor: Mr. David Miller, MSc in Agricultural Economics, 10+ years of experience in editing agricultural publications and overseeing the development of sustainable farming strategies.
Summary: This comprehensive guide explores the pivotal role of agriculture science and technology in enhancing food security and sustainability. It delves into best practices, including precision agriculture, biotechnology, and sustainable soil management, while also highlighting common pitfalls such as technological dependence, environmental risks, and socio-economic inequalities. The guide aims to provide a balanced perspective, empowering readers to harness the power of agriculture science and technology responsibly and effectively.
Introduction: Revolutionizing Agriculture Through Science and Technology
The world faces unprecedented challenges in feeding a rapidly growing population while mitigating the impact of climate change on agricultural production. Agriculture science and technology (AST) offers crucial solutions. This guide explores the transformative potential of AST, highlighting both its advantages and potential drawbacks. We will examine best practices and common pitfalls to ensure responsible and effective implementation.
1. Precision Agriculture: Optimizing Resource Use
Precision agriculture utilizes technology like GPS, remote sensing, and GIS to optimize resource allocation. This includes variable rate application of fertilizers, pesticides, and water, leading to improved yields, reduced environmental impact, and enhanced farm profitability. However, the high initial investment and specialized training required can be barriers for smallholder farmers. Careful planning and assessment of cost-benefit are crucial for successful implementation of precision agriculture technologies.
2. Biotechnology in Agriculture: Enhancing Crop Resilience and Productivity
Biotechnology, encompassing genetic modification (GM) and other techniques, offers solutions to address challenges such as pest resistance, drought tolerance, and enhanced nutritional value in crops. While GM crops have significantly increased yields in some regions, concerns regarding environmental risks and socio-economic implications remain. Rigorous research, transparent regulations, and equitable access to these technologies are paramount for responsible biotechnology deployment in agriculture.
3. Sustainable Soil Management: Protecting the Foundation of Agriculture
Healthy soil is fundamental to sustainable agriculture. Advanced AST practices promote soil health through techniques like no-till farming, cover cropping, and crop rotation. These practices improve soil structure, water retention, and nutrient cycling, leading to increased yields and reduced reliance on synthetic inputs. However, implementing these practices may require adjustments to traditional farming methods and careful consideration of local environmental conditions.
4. Data Analytics and AI in Agriculture: Predictive Modeling and Decision Support
The integration of data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) in agriculture allows for predictive modeling of crop yields, disease outbreaks, and weather patterns. This provides farmers with valuable decision-support tools for optimizing their operations. However, access to reliable data and the expertise to interpret complex analytical outputs can be challenging.
5. Water Management Technologies: Efficient Irrigation and Drought Mitigation
Water scarcity is a major constraint to agricultural productivity. AST offers solutions such as drip irrigation, rainwater harvesting, and drought-resistant crop varieties. Efficient irrigation technologies significantly reduce water consumption while improving crop yields. However, the cost of implementing these technologies and the availability of water resources remain crucial factors.
6. Mechanization and Automation: Increasing Efficiency and Reducing Labor Costs
Agricultural mechanization plays a vital role in improving efficiency and reducing labor costs. Advances in robotics and automation are further transforming agricultural practices. However, access to appropriate machinery and the need for skilled operators remain significant challenges, particularly for smallholder farmers in developing countries.
7. Common Pitfalls in Agriculture Science and Technology Adoption
Technological dependence: Overreliance on technology without adequate understanding of its limitations can lead to unforeseen problems.
Environmental risks: Improper application of agrochemicals and unsustainable farming practices can cause environmental damage.
Socio-economic inequalities: Unequal access to AST can exacerbate existing inequalities between farmers.
Lack of skilled workforce: The adoption of advanced technologies requires a skilled workforce for operation and maintenance.
8. Best Practices for Successful AST Implementation
Context-specific solutions: Tailor technology choices to specific agro-ecological conditions and farmer needs.
Capacity building and training: Invest in training programs to equip farmers with the skills to use new technologies effectively.
Participatory approach: Involve farmers in the design and implementation of AST projects to ensure their needs are met.
Sustainable practices: Prioritize environmentally friendly technologies and farming practices.
Policy support: Governments play a vital role in creating an enabling environment for AST adoption through policy reforms and financial incentives.
Conclusion
Agriculture science and technology holds immense potential for addressing the global food security challenge and building a sustainable agricultural sector. By understanding both the advantages and potential pitfalls, and by adopting best practices, we can harness the power of AST to create a more resilient and productive food system. A collaborative approach involving researchers, policymakers, and farmers is crucial for ensuring equitable access to and responsible implementation of these transformative technologies.
FAQs
1. What is precision agriculture, and how does it improve efficiency? Precision agriculture uses technology to optimize resource use, leading to higher yields and lower input costs.
2. What are the environmental concerns associated with genetically modified crops? Potential concerns include gene flow to wild relatives and the development of herbicide-resistant weeds.
3. How can sustainable soil management practices enhance crop productivity? These practices improve soil health, water retention, and nutrient cycling, leading to increased yields.
4. What are the benefits of using data analytics in agriculture? Data analytics enables predictive modeling of crop yields and disease outbreaks, aiding decision-making.
5. What are some examples of water-efficient irrigation techniques? Drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting are examples of water-efficient irrigation techniques.
6. How does agricultural mechanization impact labor costs and efficiency? Mechanization reduces labor costs and improves efficiency, but requires skilled operators.
7. What are the social and economic implications of adopting new agricultural technologies? Unequal access can exacerbate existing inequalities; careful planning is crucial for equitable distribution of benefits.
8. What role does government policy play in promoting AST adoption? Supportive policies, including subsidies and training programs, are critical for successful technology adoption.
9. How can we ensure the sustainability of agriculture in the face of climate change? Implementing climate-smart agriculture practices, such as drought-resistant crops and efficient irrigation, is crucial for mitigating climate change impacts.
Related Articles:
1. The Role of AI in Precision Agriculture: Explores the application of artificial intelligence in optimizing farming practices.
2. Sustainable Soil Management for Increased Crop Yields: Details various techniques for improving soil health and productivity.
3. Genetic Engineering and Crop Improvement: Examines the use of genetic modification in enhancing crop characteristics.
4. Water-Efficient Irrigation Technologies for Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: Focuses on irrigation techniques suitable for water-scarce environments.
5. The Economics of Agricultural Mechanization: Analyses the economic benefits and challenges of agricultural mechanization.
6. Climate-Smart Agriculture: Adapting to a Changing Climate: Discusses strategies for adapting agricultural practices to climate change.
7. The Social Impact of Agricultural Biotechnology: Explores the social and ethical implications of using biotechnology in agriculture.
8. Big Data Analytics in Agriculture: Opportunities and Challenges: Investigates the use of big data for decision-making in agriculture.
9. Precision Livestock Farming: Enhancing Animal Welfare and Productivity: Examines the application of precision agriculture principles to livestock farming.
| agriculture science and technology: An innovation in agricultural science and technology extension system Yang, P., Jiao, X., Feng, D., Ramasamy, S., Zhang, H., Mroczek, Z., Zhang, W., 2021-02-20 Food production worldwide is primarily carried out by smallholder farmers. Closing the gap between actual smallholder yield and those achievable through scientific research is vital to increasing the food availability and efficient use of inputs and natural resources. Multiple factors and constraints contribute to these production gaps, including uncoordinated linkages between education, research and extension. These linkages are often supply-driven and top-down, and unable to respond to the diversity of location-specific, locally-adaptive and multiple knowledge demands – as smallholders are a diverse group in terms of incomes, knowledge, perceptions and farming practices. In 2005, China Agricultural University (CAU) launched a pilot agricultural development project in partnership with Quzhou County in Hebei Province of China to work together to develop high-yielding technologies. In 2009, CAU professors and postgraduate students moved their research programs from the experimental station to the village, and rented a backyard, where they lived, worked and studied high-yielding technologies and responses from the farmers. Gradually, their backyard work attracted more farmers and encouraged their participation. The backyard thus became a science and technology dissemination platform in the local community. From then on, farmers, scientists and students referred to the project as the Science and Technology Backyard (STB). This publication was prepared as a case study report on the Science and Technology Backyard (STB). |
| agriculture science and technology: Satellite Farming Latief Ahmad, Syed Sheraz Mahdi, 2019-02-15 This book focuses on the recent advances in precision agriculture and satellite farming, detailing applications for sensing, data handling, modeling, and control. In addition, the book reviews its history - establishing the background on the various processes and applications – describes the current status, and offers insight into the future technology of satellite farming in India. Introducing processes and applications based on a global scale, the book reveals how precision agriculture can be used in large-scale agriculture, community agriculture, and diversified farming. It includes site-specific information from a variety of information sources for planning, planting, growing, and harvesting agricultural crops. It also presents a new concept based on the control system theory that can be used to formulate systematic methods for more effective precision crop production. Precision agriculture when properly integrated into the crop production process, can greatly improve overall production and sustainability. |
| agriculture science and technology: Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Environmental Change and Society, Health and Medicine Division, Food and Nutrition Board, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Water Science and Technology Board, Board on Life Sciences, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources, Committee on Science Breakthroughs 2030: A Strategy for Food and Agricultural Research, 2019-04-21 For nearly a century, scientific advances have fueled progress in U.S. agriculture to enable American producers to deliver safe and abundant food domestically and provide a trade surplus in bulk and high-value agricultural commodities and foods. Today, the U.S. food and agricultural enterprise faces formidable challenges that will test its long-term sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience. On its current path, future productivity in the U.S. agricultural system is likely to come with trade-offs. The success of agriculture is tied to natural systems, and these systems are showing signs of stress, even more so with the change in climate. More than a third of the food produced is unconsumed, an unacceptable loss of food and nutrients at a time of heightened global food demand. Increased food animal production to meet greater demand will generate more greenhouse gas emissions and excess animal waste. The U.S. food supply is generally secure, but is not immune to the costly and deadly shocks of continuing outbreaks of food-borne illness or to the constant threat of pests and pathogens to crops, livestock, and poultry. U.S. farmers and producers are at the front lines and will need more tools to manage the pressures they face. Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 identifies innovative, emerging scientific advances for making the U.S. food and agricultural system more efficient, resilient, and sustainable. This report explores the availability of relatively new scientific developments across all disciplines that could accelerate progress toward these goals. It identifies the most promising scientific breakthroughs that could have the greatest positive impact on food and agriculture, and that are possible to achieve in the next decade (by 2030). |
| agriculture science and technology: Precision Agriculture Technology for Crop Farming Qin Zhang, 2015-10-15 This book provides a review of precision agriculture technology development, followed by a presentation of the state-of-the-art and future requirements of precision agriculture technology. It presents different styles of precision agriculture technologies suitable for large scale mechanized farming; highly automated community-based mechanized production; and fully mechanized farming practices commonly seen in emerging economic regions. The book emphasizes the introduction of core technical features of sensing, data processing and interpretation technologies, crop modeling and production control theory, intelligent machinery and field robots for precision agriculture production. |
| agriculture science and technology: Agricultural Science & Technology in China: A Roadmap to 2050 Qiguo Zhao, Jikun Huang, 2011-10-20 As one of the eighteen field-specific reports comprising the comprehensive scope of the strategic general report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, this sub-report addresses long-range planning for developing science and technology in the field of agriculture. They each craft a roadmap for their sphere of development to 2050. In their entirety, the general and sub-group reports analyze the evolution and laws governing the development of science and technology, describe the decisive impact of science and technology on the modernization process, predict that the world is on the eve of an impending S&T revolution, and call for China to be fully prepared for this new round of S&T advancement. Based on the detailed study of the demands on S&T innovation in China’s modernization, the reports draw a framework for eight basic and strategic systems of socio-economic development with the support of science and technology, work out China’s S&T roadmaps for the relevant eight basic and strategic systems in line with China’s reality, further detail S&T initiatives of strategic importance to China’s modernization, and provide S&T decision-makers with comprehensive consultations for the development of S&T innovation consistent with China’s reality. Supported by illustrations and tables of data, the reports provide researchers, government officials and entrepreneurs with guidance concerning research directions, the planning process, and investment. Founded in 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the nation’s highest academic institution in natural sciences. Its major responsibilities are to conduct research in basic and technological sciences, to undertake nationwide integrated surveys on natural resources and ecological environment, to provide the country with scientific data and consultations for government’s decision-making, to undertake government-assigned projects with regard to key S&T problems in the process of socio-economic development, to initiate personnel training, and to promote China’s high-tech enterprises through its active engagement in these areas. |
| agriculture science and technology: Modern Encyclopaedia of Agricultural Science and Technology G. Sethuraman (Lecturer of agricultural science), Srinivasa Naidu, 2016 |
| agriculture science and technology: Science and Technology of Organic Farming Allen V. Barker, 2016-04-19 Winner of a CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Award for 2011!Organic farming is not only a philosophy, but also a well-researched science that combines soil fertility, plant pathology, entomology, and other biological and environmental sciences. Science and Technology of Organic Farming is a concise, readily applicable resource for understanding th |
| agriculture science and technology: The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5 Joseph Needham, Colin A. Ronan, 1978 This fifth volume abridgement of Joseph Needham's monumental work is concerned with the staggering civil engineering feats made in early and medieval China. |
| agriculture science and technology: Advances Seed Science Technology More Hb Julia Buitink, Olivier Leprince, 2022-04-19 Seed quality is critical to achieving successful crop cultivation, propagation and breeding, whilst seeds are also pivotal to the conservation and management of plant genetic resources. The sector must develop a better understanding of seed quality, germination and seedling emergence to ensure successful crop establishment. Advances in seed science and technology for more sustainable crop production provides an authoritative review of the wealth of current research on key advances in seed science and technology. The collection considers the development of new techniques to ensure seed quality control, including seed phenotyping, hyper-spectral imaging and electrophotography. Later chapters discuss advances in seed coating, conditioning and priming techniques, as well as the growing use of biostimulant-based seed treatments throughout agriculture. |
| agriculture science and technology: Making The Link David Kaimowitz, 2019-04-11 This book is about International Service for National Agricultural Research's (ISNAR) study to identify key factors that influenced the effectiveness and efficiency of links between research and technology transfer. It recommends ways to improve these links and reflects the progress made till date. |
| agriculture science and technology: Rethinking Food and Agriculture Amir Kassam, Laila Kassam, 2020-10-18 Given the central role of the food and agriculture system in driving so many of the connected ecological, social and economic threats and challenges we currently face, Rethinking Food and Agriculture reviews, reassesses and reimagines the current food and agriculture system and the narrow paradigm in which it operates. Rethinking Food and Agriculture explores and uncovers some of the key historical, ethical, economic, social, cultural, political, and structural drivers and root causes of unsustainability, degradation of the agricultural environment, destruction of nature, short-comings in science and knowledge systems, inequality, hunger and food insecurity, and disharmony. It reviews efforts towards 'sustainable development', and reassesses whether these efforts have been implemented with adequate responsibility, acceptable societal and environmental costs and optimal engagement to secure sustainability, equity and justice. The book highlights the many ways that farmers and their communities, civil society groups, social movements, development experts, scientists and others have been raising awareness of these issues, implementing solutions and forging 'new ways forward', for example towards paradigms of agriculture, natural resource management and human nutrition which are more sustainable and just. Rethinking Food and Agriculture proposes ways to move beyond the current limited view of agro-ecological sustainability towards overall sustainability of the food and agriculture system based on the principle of 'inclusive responsibility'. Inclusive responsibility encourages ecosystem sustainability based on agro-ecological and planetary limits to sustainable resource use for production and livelihoods. Inclusive responsibility also places importance on quality of life, pluralism, equity and justice for all and emphasises the health, well-being, sovereignty, dignity and rights of producers, consumers and other stakeholders, as well as of nonhuman animals and the natural world. - Explores some of the key drivers and root causes of unsustainability , degradation of the agricultural environment and destruction of nature - Highlights the many ways that different stakeholders have been forging 'new ways forward' towards alternative paradigms of agriculture, human nutrition and political economy, which are more sustainable and just - Proposes ways to move beyong the current unsustainable exploitation of natural resources towards agroecological sustainability and overall sustainability of the food and agriculture system based on 'inclusive responsibility' |
| agriculture science and technology: Artificial Intelligence and Smart Agriculture Technology Utku Kose, V. B. Surya Prasath, M. Rubaiyat Hossain Mondal, Prajoy Podder, Subrato Bharati, 2022-06-27 This book was created with the intention of informing an international audience about the latest technological aspects for developing smart agricultural applications. As artificial intelligence (AI) takes the main role in this, the majority of the chapters are associated with the role of AI and data analytics components for better agricultural applications. The first two chapters provide alternative, wide reviews of the use of AI, robotics, and the Internet of Things as effective solutions to agricultural problems. The third chapter looks at the use of blockchain technology in smart agricultural scenarios. In the fourth chapter, a future view is provided of an Internet of Things-oriented sustainable agriculture. Next, the fifth chapter provides a governmental evaluation of advanced farming technologies, and the sixth chapter discusses the role of big data in smart agricultural applications. The role of the blockchain is evaluated in terms of an industrial view under the seventh chapter, and the eighth chapter provides a discussion of data mining and data extraction, which is essential for better further analysis by smart tools. The ninth chapter evaluates the use of machine learning in food processing and preservation, which is a critical issue for dealing with issues concerns regarding insufficient foud sources. The tenth chapter also discusses sustainability, and the eleventh chapter focuses on the problem of plant disease prediction, which is among the critical agricultural issues. Similarly, the twelfth chapter considers the use of deep learning for classifying plant diseases. Finally, the book ends with a look at cyber threats to farming automation in the thirteenth chapter and a case study of India for a better, smart, and sustainable agriculture in the fourteenth chapter. This book presents the most critical research topics of today’s smart agricultural applications and provides a valuable view for both technological knowledge and ability that will be helpful to academicians, scientists, students who are the future of science, and industrial practitioners who collaborate with academia. |
| agriculture science and technology: Agriculture, Science and Technology France, 1985 |
| agriculture science and technology: Global Report International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science, and Technology for Development (Project), 2009 In addition to assessing existing conditions and knowledge, the IAASTD uses a simple set of model projections to look at the future, based on knowledge from past events and existing trends such as population growth, rural/urban food and poverty dynamics, loss of agricultural land, water availability, and climate change effects. This set of volumes comprises the findings of the IAASTD. It consists of a Global Report, a brief Synthesis Report, and 5 subglobal reports. Taken as a whole, the IAASTD reports are an indispensable reference for anyone working in the field of agriculture and rural development, whether at the level of basic research, policy, or practice.--BOOK JACKET. |
| agriculture science and technology: Environmental Impacts of Modern Agriculture Ronald E. Hester, Roy M. Harrison, 2012 This volume examines the factors currently affecting agriculture on a global scale. Land use, soil quality, and the inherent production of greenhouse gasses by agriculture each receive their own chapters. |
| agriculture science and technology: Enhancing Agricultural Innovation World Bank, 2006-11-03 An innovation system can be defined as a network of organizations, enterprises, and individuals demanding and supplying knowledge and bringing it into a social and economic use. This book's primary aim, therefore, is to focus on the largely unexplored operational aspects of the innvoation systems concept and to explore its potential for agriculture. 'Enhancing Agricultural Innovation' evaluates real-world innovation systems and assesses the usefulness of the concept in guiding investments to support knowledge-intensive, sustainable agricultural development. A typology of innovation systems is developed; strategies to guide investments for strengthening innovation capacity are drawn up; and concrete interventions options defined. In its conclusions, the book emphasizes the importance of mechanisms for collaboration and interaction. Intermediary organizations, innovation councils, farmer organizations, and other means to strengthen collaboration are central to creating the exchange of knowledge and perspectives that will convert knowledge into valuable new social and economic products and services. |
| agriculture science and technology: Science and Technology of Organic Farming Allen V. Barker, 2021-04-06 Organic farming is not only a philosophy; it is also a well-researched science. The second edition of The Science and Technology of Organic Farming presents the scientific basis of organic farming and the methods of application needed to achieve adequate yields through plant nutrition and protection. Organic farming is a scientifically derived method of improving soil fertility to increase agricultural yields with limited chemical inputs. As such, it can meet public demand for reduced chemical inputs in agriculture and play a key role in meeting the needs of a growing world population. The new edition of this highly regarded book gives clear and comprehensive details on how soil fertility can be maintained and how plants can be nourished in organic agriculture. Chapters on soil fertility and plant nutrition explain the chemistry of the plant, the soil, and the soil solution and outline the importance of plant macronutrients and micronutrients. The book offers practical information on using of green manures, composts and lime to maintain soil fertility; introduces methods of tillage of land; provides organic methods of controlling weeds, insects, and diseases; and suggests how food produce can be stored without refrigeration. The text provides information on how to assess and govern the nutritional status of crops and the fertility and condition of soil and presents guidelines, recommendations, and procedures for determining the best fertility recommendations for individual situations. This edition includes an entirely new chapter on hydroponics that explains organic approaches to hydroponic crop production. With a full bibliography of references, this text is a practical guide for anyone interested in organic farming, from farmers and agricultural advisers to teachers, soil scientists, plant scientist, entomologists and students of other biological and environmental sciences. |
| agriculture science and technology: Science for Agriculture and Rural Development in Low-income Countries Reimund Roetter, Herman van Keulen, Marijke Kuiper, J. Verhagen, H. H. van Laar, 2007-11-29 Facing new challenges with respect to sustainable agriculture and rural development strategies for low-income countries, related to global environmental change and globalization of markets, an interdisciplinary Wageningen University and Research Centre group set out to draw lessons from the DLO-IC projects of the last eight years. In discussing the way ahead and a future agenda, a number of major research challenges, as well as policy questions are outlined. |
| agriculture science and technology: Leadership in Agriculture John Patrick Jordan, Gale A. Buchanan, Neville P. Clarke, Kelly C. Jordan, 2013-04-18 In a world facing chronic and increasing shortages in food crops and natural resources, visionary leadership in agriculture becomes more and more critical for building and maintaining a sustainable future. It is of paramount importance that the dynamic and challenging evolution in agriculture over the last century and a half be met today with imaginative leadership in virtually all aspects of activities and organizations involved. Leadership in Agriculture: Case Studies for a New Generation focuses on key characteristics and elements of leadership. Using case studies from research, industry, education, administration, and extension services, the authors present real-world circumstances ranging from natural disasters to major restructuring that demanded problem solving, new initiatives, consensus, and organizational commitment. Drawing on their own experiences and covering topics as diverse as closing facilities, mounting a national research initiative, reinventing a major corporation, and dealing with invasive termites, the studies contain examples of both good and bad outcomes and tie back to the stated leadership principles and qualities. TABLE OF CONTENTS: Preface vii Acknowledgments xiii Leadership in the Agricultural Environment 1 Character: The Bedrock of Leaders and Leadership 13 Case Studies—How Leadership Can Make a Difference 37 1. Facing Down Nature: How a Regional Lab Survived Hurricane Katrina (Addressing Physical Crises) 38 2. Exerting Ag Leadership in Distributed Geographic Locations (Coordinating Dispersed Units within One Organization) 49 3. Closing and Relocating Facilities and Terminating Programs (Leadership Challenges with Organizational Restructuring) 59 4. National Research Initiative: Creating a Shared Leadership Vision (Bringing about a New Solution) 73 5. Battling Formosan Subterranean Termites (Forging a New Approach) 81 6. Gathering of the Agricultural Clan (Bringing Leaders Together without Central Authority) 90 7. Monsanto: How One Company Saw the Future and Transformed to Seize It (Leadership’s Role in a Significant Change) 96 8. Enhancing Leadership in the State Agricultural Experiment Stations (Cultivating New Leadership) 123 9. Development of the Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST) (Enhancing a Better Understanding of Agricultural Science and Technology) 133 Lessons Learned from Case Studies 145 Making Leadership Work for You 152 Appendixes: How Does the Scientific Agricultural System Work? 161 Appendix A. The Land-Grant System: A Key to America’s Dream? How Does It Function? 161 Appendix B. The USDA’s Agricultural Research Service: Focus on National and International Issues 165 Appendix C. The Industrial Approach to Research: Diverse Foci Linked to Industrial Economic Effects 167 Notes 171 Bibliography 173 About the Authors 177 Index 179 |
| agriculture science and technology: Robotics and Automation for Improving Agriculture John Billingsley, 2019 Robotics has great potential in improving productivity and precision in agriculture. The book reviews advances in technologies such as machine vision and control systems, as well as applications from crop planting, fertilisation, pest and weed management to livestock production. |
| agriculture science and technology: Precision Agriculture Technologies for Food Security and Sustainability Abd El-Kader, Sherine M., Mohammad El-Basioni, Basma M., 2020-10-16 Precision agriculture integrates new technologies with the agronomic experience to intelligently manage the high spatial variability of all agricultural variables and the time scales at which these variables change. The right application of this approach increases the size and quality of the agricultural production; saves resources; improves environmental quality; helps to achieve self-sufficiency, food security, and agricultural sustainability; increases exports; and more. Precision Agriculture Technologies for Food Security and Sustainability is an essential reference source that compiles a comprehensive, multidisciplinary review of current research in the field of precision agriculture. It also discusses cutting-edge tools and models that can help facilitate and improve the systems implementation. Featuring coverage of a wide range of topics including agronomy, public policy, and internet of things, this book is ideally designed for agriculturalists, government officials, economists, environmentalists, academicians, researchers, students, and engineers in the fields of electronics, ICT, and agriculture. |
| agriculture science and technology: Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture IX Daoliang Li, Zhenbo Li, 2016-11-11 The two volumes IFIP AICT 478 and 479 constitute the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 9th IFIP WG 5.14 International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture, CCTA 2015, held in Beijing, China, in September 2015. The 122 revised papers included in this volume were carefully selected from 237 submissions. They cover a wide range of interesting theories and applications of information technology in agriculture, including intelligent sensing, monitoring and automatic control technology; key technology and models of the Internet of things; intelligent technology for agricultural equipment; computer vision; computer graphics and virtual reality; computer simulation, optimization and modeling; cloud computing and agricultural applications; agricultural big data; decision support systems and expert systems; 3s technology and precision agriculture; quality and safety of agricultural products; detection and tracing technology; and agricultural electronic commerce technology. |
| agriculture science and technology: Food, Agriculture and Education A. N. Rao, 2013-09-17 Food, Agriculture and Education covers topics on the most significant for development, namely health; food and agriculture; energy; land, water and mineral resources; industry and technology; the environment; and information transfer. The book discusses agricultural science education for development; agriculture and biology education; and food production and general education. The text also describes the need for continuing education in food and agriculture; nutrition and science education; and food preservation and storage. The continuing education for rural women; nutrition and agricultural education based on biological principles; the aspects of education related to food and agriculture in developing countries; and UNESCO and nutrition education are also considered. |
| agriculture science and technology: Technology in Agriculture Fiaz Ahmad, Muhammad Sultan, 2021-10-13 Food security is one of the primary themes of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. In this regard, agricultural engineering is considered the backbone of agriculture, and agricultural mechanization is considered a helpful way to enhance crop yield and farmers’ profitability. Technology in Agriculture presents research in the field of agricultural engineering technologies and applications in agricultural equipment engineering, biosystem engineering, energy systems engineering, and computers in agriculture. It provides an overview of recent advancements in agricultural engineering and examines key aspects of emerging technologies and their applications. In addition, the book explores modern methodologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning for agricultural mechanization. |
| agriculture science and technology: Precision Agriculture Basics D. Kent Shannon, David E. Clay, Newell R. Kitchen, 2020-01-22 With the growing popularity and availability of precision equipment, farmers and producers have access to more data than ever before. With proper implementation, precision agriculture management can improve profitability and sustainability of production. Precision Agriculture Basics is geared at students, crop consultants, farmers, extension workers, and practitioners that are interested in practical applications of site-specific agricultural management. Using a multidisciplinary approach, readers are taught to make data-driven on-farm decisions using the most current knowledge and tools in crop science, agricultural engineering, and geostatistics. Precision Agriculture Basics also features a stunning video glossary including interviews with agronomists on the job and in the field. |
| agriculture science and technology: Hyperspectral Imaging Technology in Food and Agriculture Bosoon Park, Renfu Lu, 2015-09-29 Hyperspectral imaging or imaging spectroscopy is a novel technology for acquiring and analysing an image of a real scene by computers and other devices in order to obtain quantitative information for quality evaluation and process control. Image processing and analysis is the core technique in computer vision. With the continuous development in hardware and software for image processing and analysis, the application of hyperspectral imaging has been extended to the safety and quality evaluation of meat and produce. Especially in recent years, hyperspectral imaging has attracted much research and development attention, as a result rapid scientific and technological advances have increasingly taken place in food and agriculture, especially on safety and quality inspection, classification and evaluation of a wide range of food products, illustrating the great advantages of using the technology for objective, rapid, non-destructive and automated safety inspection as well as quality control. Therefore, as the first reference book in the area, Hyperspectral Imaging Technology in Food and Agriculture focuses on these recent advances. The book is divided into three parts, which begins with an outline of the fundamentals of the technology, followed by full covering of the application in the most researched areas of meats, fruits, vegetables, grains and other foods, which mostly covers food safety and quality as well as remote sensing applicable for crop production. Hyperspectral Imaging Technology in Food and Agriculture is written by international peers who have both academic and professional credentials, with each chapter addressing in detail one aspect of the relevant technology, thus highlighting the truly international nature of the work. Therefore the book should provide the engineer and technologist working in research, development, and operations in the food and agricultural industry with critical, comprehensive and readily accessible information on the art and science of hyperspectral imaging technology. It should also serve as an essential reference source to undergraduate and postgraduate students and researchers in universities and research institutions. |
| agriculture science and technology: Food System Transparency Gabriela Steier, Adam Friedlander, 2021-06-09 Chapters written by foremost international experts in their fields Editors’ notes written for classroom use and background information Figures and tables providing illustrations of important concepts Case studies delivering practicality and in-depth analysis to current events A special chapter on Covid-19 and its implications for the food system |
| agriculture science and technology: Artificial Intelligence and IoT-Based Technologies for Sustainable Farming and Smart Agriculture Tomar, Pradeep, Kaur, Gurjit, 2021-01-08 As technology continues to saturate modern society, agriculture has started to adopt digital computing and data-driven innovations. This emergence of “smart” farming has led to various advancements in the field, including autonomous equipment and the collection of climate, livestock, and plant data. As connectivity and data management continue to revolutionize the farming industry, empirical research is a necessity for understanding these technological developments. Artificial Intelligence and IoT-Based Technologies for Sustainable Farming and Smart Agriculture provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of critical technological solutions within the farming industry. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as crop monitoring, precision livestock farming, and agronomic data processing, this book is ideally designed for farmers, agriculturalists, product managers, farm holders, manufacturers, equipment suppliers, industrialists, governmental professionals, researchers, academicians, and students seeking current research on technological applications within agriculture and farming. |
| agriculture science and technology: Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Sciences, Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources, Policy and Global Affairs, Science and Technology for Sustainability Program, Committee on Considerations for the Future of Animal Science Research, 2015-03-31 By 2050 the world's population is projected to grow by one-third, reaching between 9 and 10 billion. With globalization and expected growth in global affluence, a substantial increase in per capita meat, dairy, and fish consumption is also anticipated. The demand for calories from animal products will nearly double, highlighting the critical importance of the world's animal agriculture system. Meeting the nutritional needs of this population and its demand for animal products will require a significant investment of resources as well as policy changes that are supportive of agricultural production. Ensuring sustainable agricultural growth will be essential to addressing this global challenge to food security. Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability identifies areas of research and development, technology, and resource needs for research in the field of animal agriculture, both nationally and internationally. This report assesses the global demand for products of animal origin in 2050 within the framework of ensuring global food security; evaluates how climate change and natural resource constraints may impact the ability to meet future global demand for animal products in sustainable production systems; and identifies factors that may impact the ability of the United States to meet demand for animal products, including the need for trained human capital, product safety and quality, and effective communication and adoption of new knowledge, information, and technologies. The agricultural sector worldwide faces numerous daunting challenges that will require innovations, new technologies, and new ways of approaching agriculture if the food, feed, and fiber needs of the global population are to be met. The recommendations of Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability will inform a new roadmap for animal science research to meet the challenges of sustainable animal production in the 21st century. |
| agriculture science and technology: Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture, Volume I Daoliang Li, 2008-02-19 The papers in this volume comprise the refereed proceedings of the the First International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Ag- culture (CCTA 2007), in Wuyishan, China, 2007. This conference is organized by China Agricultural University, Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and the Beijing Society for Information Technology in Agriculture. The purpose of this conference is to facilitate the communication and cooperation between institutions and researchers on theories, methods and implementation of computer science and information technology. By researching information technology development and the - sources integration in rural areas in China, an innovative and effective approach is expected to be explored to promote the technology application to the development of modern agriculture and contribute to the construction of new countryside. The rapid development of information technology has induced substantial changes and impact on the development of China’s rural areas. Western thoughts have exerted great impact on studies of Chinese information technology devel- ment and it helps more Chinese and western scholars to expand their studies in this academic and application area. Thus, this conference, with works by many prominent scholars, has covered computer science and technology and information development in China’s rural areas; and probed into all the important issues and the newest research topics, such as Agricultural Decision Support System and Expert System, GIS, GPS, RS and Precision Farming, CT applications in Rural Area, Agricultural System Simulation, Evolutionary Computing, etc. |
| agriculture science and technology: Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture VIII Daoliang Li, Yingyi Chen, 2015-09-29 This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 8th IFIP WG 5.14 International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture, CCTA 2014, held in Beijing, China, in September 2014. The 81 revised papers included in this volume were carefully selected from 216 submissions. They cover a wide range of interesting theories and applications of information technology in agriculture, including intelligent sensing, monitoring and automatic control technology; key technology and models of the Internet of things; intelligent technology for agricultural equipment; computer vision; computer graphics and virtual reality; computer simulation, optimization and modeling; cloud computing and agricultural applications; agricultural big data; decision support systems and expert systems; 3s technology and precision agriculture; quality and safety of agricultural products: detection and tracing technology; and agricultural electronic commerce technology. |
| agriculture science and technology: Agricultural Science with Vernier Robyn L. Johnson, 2010-07 |
| agriculture science and technology: Robotics and Mechatronics for Agriculture Dan Zhang, Bin Wei, 2017-11-23 The aim of the book is to introduce the state-of-the-art technologies in the field of robotics, mechatronics and automation in agriculture in order to summarize and review the improvements in the methodologies in agricultural robotics. Advances made in the past decades are described, including robotics for agriculture, mechatronics for agriculture, kinematics, dynamics and control analysis of agricultural robotics, and a wide range of topics in the field of robotics, mechatronics and automation for agricultural applications. |
| agriculture science and technology: The Convergent Evolution of Agriculture in Humans and Insects Ted R Schultz, Richard Gawne, Peter N Peregrine, 2022-02-22 Contributors explore common elements in the evolutionary histories of both human and insect agriculture resulting from convergent evolution. During the past 12,000 years, agriculture originated in humans as many as twenty-three times, and during the past 65 million years, agriculture also originated in nonhuman animals at least twenty times and in insects at least fifteen times. It is much more likely that these independent origins represent similar solutions to the challenge of growing food than that they are due purely to chance. This volume seeks to identify common elements in the evolutionary histories of both human and insect agriculture that are the results of convergent evolution. The goal is to create a new, synthetic field that characterizes, quantifies, and empirically documents the evolutionary and ecological mechanisms that drive both human and nonhuman agriculture. The contributors report on the results of quantitative analyses comparing human and nonhuman agriculture; discuss evolutionary conflicts of interest between and among farmers and cultivars and how they interfere with efficiencies of agricultural symbiosis; describe in detail agriculture in termites, ambrosia beetles, and ants; and consider patterns of evolutionary convergence in different aspects of agriculture, comparing fungal parasites of ant agriculture with fungal parasites of human agriculture, analyzing the effects of agriculture on human anatomy, and tracing the similarities and differences between the evolution of agriculture in humans and in a single, relatively well-studied insect group, fungus-farming ants. |
| agriculture science and technology: Cellular Agriculture Dilek Ercili-Cura, Dorothee Barth, 2021-03-16 Cellular agriculture, also called lab-grown food, promises to provide alternative food options to current agriculture practices. Cellular agriculture is food grown in laboratories and bioreactors rather than on fields, relying on cultivation of cells under controlled conditions, with minimal use of natural resources and lower greenhouse gas emission costs than in traditional practices. It gives us the prospect of consuming the same foods such as a dairy ice cream or a burger. And it can further broaden the variety of textures, flavors, nutrition, and health-promoting aspects that food can deliver. Cellular Agriculture: Lab-Grown Foods gives an overview of the broad range of approaches to cellular agriculture, the current state of scale and regulations, and the results it brings about in terms of environmental footprint and consumer attitudes. Cellular Agriculture: Lab-Grown Foods was organized by Solar Foods, a food-tech company that develops a cell-based food protein produced from CO2 and electricity. A fruitful collaboration with VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd allowed conceptualizing and streamlining of the written and visual content in the book. |
| agriculture science and technology: Principles of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources John S. Rayfield, Kasee L. Smith, Travis D. Park, D. Barry Croom, 2021-10-27 Written by leaders in agriculture education, Principles of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources is a user-friendly, visual introduction to the systems and concepts that define modern agriculture, including food systems and natural resources. This text is aligned to AFNR standards, providing practical information on building leadership, communication, and career-ready skills while integrating pedagogical tools designed for learner success. Using a modern approach to learning design, information is delivered in smaller sections so students can process and then interact with assessment and review to foster application, analysis, evaluation, and creation. This comprehensive text welcomes today's learners to the diverse and exciting world of agriscience and FFA opportunities, encouraging students to participate in their school, communities, and enroll in advanced courses. |
| agriculture science and technology: Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture IV Daoliang Li, Yande Liu, Yingyi Chen, 2011-02-01 This book constitutes Part I of the refereed four-volume post-conference proceedings of the 4th IFIP TC 12 International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture, CCTA 2010, held in Nanchang, China, in October 2010. The 352 revised papers presented were carefully selected from numerous submissions. They cover a wide range of interesting theories and applications of information technology in agriculture, including simulation models and decision-support systems for agricultural production, agricultural product quality testing, traceability and e-commerce technology, the application of information and communication technology in agriculture, and universal information service technology and service systems development in rural areas. |
| agriculture science and technology: Biotechnology, Agriculture, Environment and Energy Fangli Zheng, 2014-11-18 The 2014 International Conference on Biotechnology, Agriculture, Environment and Energy (ICBAEE 2014) was held May 22-23, 2014 in Beijing, China. The objective of ICBAEE 2014 was to provide a platform for researchers, engineers, academics as well as industry professionals from all over the world to present their research results and development act |
| agriculture science and technology: Science and Technology Policy - Volume I Rigas Arvanitis, 2009-07-20 Science and Technology Policy theme is a component of Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Science and technology policy covers all the public sector measures designed for the creation, funding, support, and mobilization of scientific and technological resources. The content of the Theme on Science and technology policy provides the essential aspects and a myriad of issues of great relevance to our world such as: Science and Technology Policy; International Dimensions of Science and Technology Policy; The Innovation System; The Policy Making Process in Science and Technology; Regional Perspectives: A New Scenario for Science and Technology Policies in the Developed and Developing World . These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs |
| agriculture science and technology: Precision Agriculture: Technology and Economic Perspectives Søren Marcus Pedersen, Kim Martin Lind, 2017-11-15 This book presents cases from different countries with a main focus on the perspectives of using precision farming in Europe. Divided into 12 chapters it addresses some of the most recent developments and aspects of precision farming. The intention of this book is to provide an overview of some of the most promising technologies with precision agriculture from an economic point of view. Each chapter has been put together so that it can be read individually should the reader wish to focus on one particular topic. Precision Farming as a farm technology benefits from large-scale advantages due to relatively high investment costs and is primarily adopted on farms with medium to large field areas. |
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