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Affective Forecasting Psychology Definition: Understanding How We Predict Our Feelings
Author: Dr. Evelyn Reed, PhD, Professor of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Reed specializes in emotion regulation, decision-making, and the psychology of well-being, with extensive publications on affective forecasting.
Publisher: Sage Publications – a leading academic publisher specializing in social sciences, including psychology and behavioral sciences.
Editor: Dr. Michael Jones, PhD, Associate Editor, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Dr. Jones has over 20 years of experience editing research articles in the field of affective science.
Keyword: affective forecasting psychology definition
Introduction:
Affective forecasting, a core concept in psychology, refers to our ability – or rather, our inability – to accurately predict our future emotional states. The affective forecasting psychology definition, therefore, centers on the systematic biases and errors we make when anticipating how we will feel in response to future events. This process involves considering the valence (positive or negative) and intensity of emotions, as well as their duration. Understanding the nuances of affective forecasting is crucial for informed decision-making, proactive coping strategies, and a more realistic appraisal of life events. This article explores the affective forecasting psychology definition in detail, examining various methodologies used to study this phenomenon and outlining common biases that impact its accuracy.
H1: Defining Affective Forecasting: More Than Just a Guess
The affective forecasting psychology definition goes beyond simply guessing how we'll feel. It's a complex cognitive process involving:
Identifying the potential emotional impact: This involves assessing the likely emotional consequences of a specific event or decision.
Predicting the intensity of emotions: How strongly will we feel the emotion? Will it be a mild annoyance or overwhelming grief?
Forecasting the duration of emotions: How long will the emotion last? Will it be fleeting or persistent?
Predicting the overall emotional experience: Combining valence, intensity, and duration to create a holistic prediction of the future emotional state.
However, research consistently reveals that our affective forecasts are often inaccurate. We tend to overestimate the intensity and duration of our emotional reactions, a phenomenon known as the impact bias.
H2: Methodologies in Studying Affective Forecasting
Researchers employ diverse methodologies to investigate affective forecasting psychology definition and its limitations. These include:
Experience Sampling Methods (ESM): Participants report their emotions multiple times a day, often using smartphone apps. This allows researchers to track real-time emotional experiences and compare them to prior predictions.
Surveys and Questionnaires: Participants are asked to predict their emotional responses to hypothetical scenarios or past events. Their predictions are then compared to their actual emotional experiences or reports from others who have experienced similar events.
Laboratory Experiments: Researchers manipulate variables (e.g., providing participants with positive or negative feedback) to study the influence of specific factors on affective forecasting accuracy.
Naturalistic Observation: Researchers observe individuals in real-world settings, documenting their emotional responses to naturally occurring events and comparing these to their prior predictions.
Neuroimaging Techniques: fMRI and EEG studies are used to investigate the neural correlates of affective forecasting, providing insight into the brain regions and processes involved in predicting future emotions.
H3: Biases in Affective Forecasting: Why We Get It Wrong
Several cognitive biases systematically skew our affective forecasts, leading to inaccurate predictions. These include:
Impact Bias: The tendency to overestimate the intensity and duration of our emotional responses, particularly to negative events. We tend to believe that bad things will affect us more intensely and for longer than they actually do.
Focalism: The tendency to focus excessively on the event itself while neglecting other factors that contribute to our overall well-being. For example, someone anticipating a job loss might focus solely on the financial hardship, overlooking other sources of support and resilience.
Immune Neglect: Failing to account for our psychological immune system—our capacity to cope with and recover from adversity. We underestimate our resilience and ability to adapt to challenging circumstances.
Presentism: The tendency to project our current emotional state onto the future. If we are feeling happy now, we may assume we will feel happy in the future, even if circumstances change.
H4: Improving Affective Forecasting: Towards More Accurate Predictions
While perfect affective forecasting remains elusive, certain strategies can improve accuracy:
Considering the full range of potential outcomes: Avoid focusing solely on a single scenario. Consider both positive and negative possibilities and their respective probabilities.
Thinking about how others have reacted to similar events: Learning from the experiences of others can provide a more realistic perspective on the likely emotional consequences of future events.
Engaging in mental simulations: Imagining oneself experiencing the event in detail can help to generate a more accurate forecast. However, it's crucial to be aware of potential biases that might influence these simulations.
Reflecting on past experiences: Analyzing past emotional responses to similar events can improve the accuracy of future predictions.
Focusing on coping strategies: Planning coping mechanisms beforehand can mitigate the intensity and duration of negative emotional experiences.
H5: Applications of Affective Forecasting Research:
Understanding the affective forecasting psychology definition has significant implications across various fields:
Decision-Making: More accurate affective forecasts lead to more rational and well-informed decisions.
Public Health: Predicting emotional responses to health-related interventions can improve adherence to treatment plans and enhance overall well-being.
Therapy and Counseling: Helping clients to identify and correct biases in their affective forecasts can improve mental health and emotional regulation.
Policy Making: Understanding how people predict their emotional responses to policy changes can lead to more effective and socially responsible policies.
Conclusion:
The affective forecasting psychology definition highlights our inherent limitations in accurately predicting our future emotional states. Although we consistently demonstrate biases in our affective forecasts, understanding these biases and employing strategies to mitigate their impact can lead to more realistic expectations and improved decision-making. Continued research in this area offers valuable insights into the intricate interplay between cognition, emotion, and behavior, contributing significantly to a more comprehensive understanding of human psychology.
FAQs:
1. What is the difference between affective forecasting and emotional regulation? Affective forecasting is about predicting future emotions, while emotional regulation is about managing and modifying existing emotions.
2. Can affective forecasting accuracy improve with experience? While some improvement may occur, biases often persist despite repeated experiences.
3. Are there gender differences in affective forecasting accuracy? Research suggests some gender differences, but findings are inconsistent and require further investigation.
4. How does affective forecasting relate to happiness? Accurate affective forecasting can contribute to greater happiness by reducing unrealistic expectations.
5. What role does personality play in affective forecasting? Personality traits, such as optimism and neuroticism, influence the accuracy of affective forecasts.
6. How can I improve my own affective forecasting skills? Practice mindful reflection, consider alternative outcomes, and learn from past experiences.
7. Is it possible to perfectly predict future emotions? No, due to inherent limitations in our cognitive processes and the unpredictable nature of life events.
8. What are some real-world examples of inaccurate affective forecasting? Overestimating the lasting impact of relationship breakups or job losses are common examples.
9. How is affective forecasting used in marketing and advertising? Understanding how consumers predict their emotional responses to products can inform marketing strategies.
Related Articles:
1. "The Impact Bias: Overestimating the Duration and Intensity of Emotional Reactions": Explores the common bias of overestimating the emotional impact of future events.
2. "Focalism and Affective Forecasting: The Role of Attention in Emotional Prediction": Examines how focusing on a single aspect of an event can skew emotional predictions.
3. "The Psychology of Regret: Understanding and Reducing Post-Decisional Dissonance": Links affective forecasting errors to the experience of regret after making a decision.
4. "Immune Neglect and the Psychological Immune System: How We Underestimate Our Resilience": Discusses the tendency to underestimate our capacity to cope with adversity.
5. "Experience Sampling Methods in Affective Forecasting Research: A Review": Details different ESM techniques used to study affective forecasting.
6. "Neuroimaging Studies of Affective Forecasting: Insights from fMRI and EEG": Explores the neural mechanisms underlying emotional prediction.
7. "Improving Affective Forecasting: Strategies for More Accurate Emotional Predictions": Provides practical strategies to enhance the accuracy of emotional forecasts.
8. "The Role of Affective Forecasting in Consumer Behavior: Implications for Marketing": Explores the use of affective forecasting in marketing and advertising.
9. "Affective Forecasting in Health Psychology: Predicting Adherence to Treatment Plans": Discusses the application of affective forecasting to improve health outcomes.
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| affective forecasting psychology definition: How to Be Miserable Randy J. Paterson, 2016-05-01 In How to Be Miserable, psychologist Randy Paterson outlines 40 specific behaviors and habits, which—if followed—are sure to lead to a lifetime of unhappiness. On the other hand, if you do the opposite, you may yet join the ranks of happy people everywhere! There are stacks upon stacks of self-help books that will promise you love, happiness, and a fabulous life. But how can you pinpoint the exact behaviors that cause you to be miserable in the first place? Sometimes when we’re depressed, or just sad or unhappy, our instincts tell us to do the opposite of what we should—such as focusing on the negative, dwelling on what we can’t change, isolating ourselves from friends and loved ones, eating junk food, or overindulging in alcohol. Sound familiar? This tongue-in-cheek guide will help you identify the behaviors that make you unhappy and discover how you—and only you—are holding yourself back from a life of contentment. You’ll learn to spot the tried-and-true traps that increase feelings of dissatisfaction, foster a lack of motivation, and detract from our quality of life—as well as ways to avoid them. So, get ready to live the life you want (or not?) This fun, irreverent guide will light the way. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Wisdom in Feeling Lisa Feldman Barrett, Peter Salovey, 2002-08-19 The fundamental concern of psychotherapy is change. While practitioners are constantly greeted with new strategies, techniques, programs, and interventions, this book argues that the full benefits of the therapeutic process cannot be realized without fundamental revision of the concept of change itself. Applying cybernetic thought to family therapy, Bradford P. Keeney demonstrates that conventional epistemology, in which casue and effect have a linear relationship, does not sufficiently accommodate the reciprocal nature of causation in experience. Written in an unconventional style that includes stories, case examples, and imagined dialogues between an epistemologist and a skeptical therapist, the volume presents a philosophically grounded, ecological framework for contemporary clinical practice. |
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| affective forecasting psychology definition: Appraisal Processes in Emotion Klaus R. Scherer, Angela Schorr, Tom Johnstone, 2001-05-03 The scientific study of emotion has long been dominated by theories emphasizing the subjective experience of emotions and their accompanying expressive and physiological responses. The processes by which different emotions are elicited has received less attention, the implicit assumption being that certain emotions arise automatically in response to certain types of events or situations. Such an assumption is incompatible with data showing that similar situations can provoke a range of emotions in different individuals, or even the same individual at different times. Appraisal theory, first suggested by Magda Arnold and Richard Lazarus, was formulated to address this shortcoming in our understanding of emotion. The central tenet of appraisal theory is that emotions are elicited according to an individual's subjective interpretation or evaluation of important events or situations. Appraisal research focuses on identifying the evaluative dimensions or criteria that predict which emotion will be elicited in an individual, as well as linking the appraisal process with the production of emotional responses. This book represents the first full-scale summary of the current state of appraisal research. Separate sections cover the history of apraisal theory and its fundamental ideas, the views of some of the major theorists currently active in the field, theoretical and methodological problems with the appraisal approach including suggestions for their resolution, social, cultural and individual differences and the application of appraisal theory to understanding and treating emotional pathology, and the methodology used in appraisal research including measuring and analyzing self-report, physiological, facial, and vocal indicators of appraisal, and simulating appraisal processes via computational models. Intended for advanced students and researchers in emotion psychology, it provides an authoritative assessment and critique of the current state of the art in appraisal research. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Philosophy and Psychology of Commitment John Michael, 2021-11-14 The phenomenon of commitment is a cornerstone of human social life. Commitments make individuals’ behavior predictable, thereby facilitating the planning and coordination of joint actions involving multiple agents. Moreover, commitments make people willing to rely upon each other, and thereby contribute to sustaining characteristically human social institutions such as jobs, money, government and marriage. However, it is not well understood how people identify and assess the level of their own and others’ commitments. The Philosophy and Psychology of Commitment explores and explains the philosophical and cognitive intricacies of commitment. John Michael considers how commitments motivate us and their often implicit and tacit nature. To flesh out the philosophical framework of his argument he draws on experimental work with young children, adults and human-robot interaction within the context of joint action, considering the role of the emotions and whether very young children are sensitive to commitment. Providing an important account of the nature and operation of commitment, this book is essential reading for those working in philosophy of psychology, cognitive science, experimental philosophy, and social and developmental psychology. It will also be of interest to those working in emerging fields such as human-robot interaction and behavioural economics. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Psychology of Thinking about the Future Gabriele Oettingen, A. Timur Sevincer, Peter M. Gollwitzer, 2018-03-08 Why do people spend so much time thinking about the future, imagining scenarios that may never occur, and making (often unrealistic) predictions ? This volume brings together leading researchers from multiple psychological subdisciplines to explore the central role of future-thinking in human behavior across the lifespan. It presents cutting-edge work on the mechanisms involved in visualizing, predicting, and planning for the future. Implications are explored for such important domains as well-being and mental health, academic and job performance, ethical decision making, and financial behavior. Throughout, chapters highlight effective self-regulation strategies that help people pursue and realize their short- and long-term goals. ÿ |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Strangers to Ourselves Timothy D. Wilson, 2004-05-15 Know thyself, a precept as old as Socrates, is still good advice. But is introspection the best path to self-knowledge? Wilson makes the case for better ways of discovering our unconscious selves. If you want to know who you are or what you feel or what you're like, Wilson advises, pay attention to what you actually do and what other people think about you. Showing us an unconscious more powerful than Freud's, and even more pervasive in our daily life, Strangers to Ourselves marks a revolution in how we know ourselves. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Earth Emotions Glenn A. Albrecht, 2019-05-15 As climate change and development pressures overwhelm the environment, our emotional relationships with Earth are also in crisis. Pessimism and distress are overwhelming people the world over. In this maelstrom of emotion, solastalgia, the homesickness you have when you are still at home, has become, writes Glenn A. Albrecht, one of the defining emotions of the twenty-first century. Earth Emotions examines our positive and negative Earth emotions. It explains the author's concept of solastalgia and other well-known eco-emotions such as biophilia and topophilia. Albrecht introduces us to the many new words needed to describe the full range of our emotional responses to the emergent state of the world. We need this creation of a hopeful vocabulary of positive emotions, argues Albrecht, so that we can extract ourselves out of environmental desolation and reignite our millennia-old biophilia—love of life—for our home planet. To do so, he proposes a dramatic change from the current human-dominated Anthropocene era to one that will be founded, materially, ethically, politically, and spiritually on the revolution in thinking being delivered by contemporary symbiotic science. Albrecht names this period the Symbiocene. With the current and coming generations, Generation Symbiocene, Albrecht sees reason for optimism. The battle between the forces of destruction and the forces of creation will be won by Generation Symbiocene, and Earth Emotions presents an ethical and emotional odyssey for that victory. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Heuristics and Biases Thomas Gilovich, Dale Griffin, Daniel Kahneman, 2002-07-08 This book, first published in 2002, compiles psychologists' best attempts to answer important questions about intuitive judgment. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Thinking, Fast and Slow Daniel Kahneman, 2011-10-25 *Major New York Times Bestseller *More than 2.6 million copies sold *One of The New York Times Book Review's ten best books of the year *Selected by The Wall Street Journal as one of the best nonfiction books of the year *Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient *Daniel Kahneman's work with Amos Tversky is the subject of Michael Lewis's best-selling The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds In his mega bestseller, Thinking, Fast and Slow, Daniel Kahneman, world-famous psychologist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, takes us on a groundbreaking tour of the mind and explains the two systems that drive the way we think. System 1 is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System 2 is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. The impact of overconfidence on corporate strategies, the difficulties of predicting what will make us happy in the future, the profound effect of cognitive biases on everything from playing the stock market to planning our next vacation—each of these can be understood only by knowing how the two systems shape our judgments and decisions. Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think, Kahneman reveals where we can and cannot trust our intuitions and how we can tap into the benefits of slow thinking. He offers practical and enlightening insights into how choices are made in both our business and our personal lives—and how we can use different techniques to guard against the mental glitches that often get us into trouble. Topping bestseller lists for almost ten years, Thinking, Fast and Slow is a contemporary classic, an essential book that has changed the lives of millions of readers. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Science of Subjective Well-Being Michael Eid, Randy J. Larsen, 2008-01-01 This authoritative volume reviews the breadth of current scientific knowledge on subjective well-being (SWB): its definition, causes and consequences, measurement, and practical applications that may help people become happier. Leading experts explore the connections between SWB and a range of intrapersonal and interpersonal phenomena, including personality, health, relationship satisfaction, wealth, cognitive processes, emotion regulation, religion, family life, school and work experiences, and culture. Interventions and practices that enhance SWB are examined, with attention to both their benefits and limitations. The concluding chapter from Ed Diener dispels common myths in the field and presents a thoughtful agenda for future research. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Stumbling on Happiness Daniel Gilbert, 2009-02-24 A smart and funny book by a prominent Harvard psychologist, which uses groundbreaking research and (often hilarious) anecdotes to show us why we’re so lousy at predicting what will make us happy – and what we can do about it. Most of us spend our lives steering ourselves toward the best of all possible futures, only to find that tomorrow rarely turns out as we had expected. Why? As Harvard psychologist Daniel Gilbert explains, when people try to imagine what the future will hold, they make some basic and consistent mistakes. Just as memory plays tricks on us when we try to look backward in time, so does imagination play tricks when we try to look forward. Using cutting-edge research, much of it original, Gilbert shakes, cajoles, persuades, tricks and jokes us into accepting the fact that happiness is not really what or where we thought it was. Among the unexpected questions he poses: Why are conjoined twins no less happy than the general population? When you go out to eat, is it better to order your favourite dish every time, or to try something new? If Ingrid Bergman hadn’t gotten on the plane at the end of Casablanca, would she and Bogey have been better off? Smart, witty, accessible and laugh-out-loud funny, Stumbling on Happiness brilliantly describes all that science has to tell us about the uniquely human ability to envision the future, and how likely we are to enjoy it when we get there. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Emotion in Organizations Stephen Fineman, 2000-09-05 This Second Edition contains key themes with all new contributors and is a completely separate work from the first. Emotion in Organization presents original work from leading scholars in the field, they engage with emotion as a qualitative phenomenon which shapes and is shaped by organizational life. Examining how emotion cannot be simply separated from thinking, judgment, decision-making and other so-called rational organizational processes, the book challenges us to build a passionate theory of organizations. The introduction reviews the expansion of organizational emotion studies and their appeal to several social-scientific disciplines. Divided into four parts, the book reveals through stories, interview |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Choice Over Time George Loewenstein, Jon Elster, 1992-10-27 Many of our most urgent national problems suggest a widespread lack of concern for the future. Alarming economic conditions, such as low national savings rates, declining corporate investment in long-term capital projects, and ballooning private and public debt are matched by such social ills as diminished educational achievement, environmental degradation, and high rates of infant mortality, crime, and teenage pregnancy. At the heart of all these troubles lies an important behavioral phenomenon: in the role of consumer, manager, voter, student, or parent, many Americans choose inferior but immediate rewards over greater long-term benefits. Choice Over Time offers a rich sampling of original research on intertemporal choice—how and why people decide between immediate and delayed consequences—from a broad range of theoretical and methodological perspectives in philosophy, political science, psychology, and economics. George Loewenstein, Jon Elster, and their distinguished colleagues review existing theories and forge new approaches to understanding significant questions: Why do people seem to discount future benefits? Do individuals use the same decision-making strategy in all aspects of their lives? What part is played by situational factors such as the certainty of delayed consequences? How are decisions affected by personal factors such as willpower and taste? In addressing these issues, the contributors to Choice Over Time address many social, economic, psychological, and personal time problems. Their work demonstrates the predictive power of short-term preferences in behavior as varied as addiction and phobia, the effect of prices on consumption, and the dramatic rise in debt and decline in savings. Choice Over Time provides an essential source for the most recent research and theory on intertemporal choice, offering new models for time preference patterns—and their aberrations—and presenting a diversity of potential solutions to the problem of temporal myopia. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Oxford Handbook of Close Relationships Jeffry A. Simpson, Lorne Campbell, 2013-05-02 This book provides an in-depth and comprehensive summary of the psychology of close relationships, and showcases classic and contemporary theories, models, and empirical research that have been conducted in the field. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Introduction to Psychology Jennifer Walinga, Charles Stangor, This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Brand Admiration C. Whan Park, Deborah J. MacInnis, Andreas B. Eisingerich, 2016-09-16 Brand Admiration uses deep research on consumer psychology, marketing, consumer engagement and communication to develop a powerful, integrated perspective and innovative approach to brand management. Using numerous real-world examples and backed by research from top notch academics, this book describes how companies can turn a product, service, corporate, person or place brand into one that customers love, trust and respect; in short, how to make a brand admired. The result? Greater brand loyalty, stronger brand advocacy, and higher brand equity. Admired brands grow more revenue in a more efficient way over a longer period of time and with more opportunities for growth. The real power of Brand Admiration is that it provides concrete, actionable guidance on how brand managers can make customers (and employees) admire a brand. Admired brands don't just do the job; they offer exactly what customers need (enabling benefits), in way that's pleasing, fun, interesting, and emotionally involving (enticing benefits), while making people feel good about themselves (enriching benefits). Providing these benefits, called 3 Es, is foundational to building , strengthening and leveraging brand admiration. In addition, the authors articulate a common-sense and action based measure of brand equity, and they develop dashboard metrics to diagnose if there are any 'canaries in the coal mine', and if so, what to do next. In short, Brand Admiration provides a coherent, cohesive approach to helping the brand stand the test of time. A well-designed, well-managed brand becomes a part of the public consciousness, and ultimately, a part of the culture. This trajectory is the fruit of decisions made from an integrated strategic standpoint. This book shows you how to shift the process for your brand, with practical guidance and an analytical approach. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Oxford Handbook of Compassion Science Emma M. Seppälä, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Stephanie L. Brown, Monica C. Worline, C. Daryl Cameron, James R. Doty, 2017-09-26 How do we define compassion? Is it an emotional state, a motivation, a dispositional trait, or a cultivated attitude? How does it compare to altruism and empathy? Chapters in this Handbook present critical scientific evidence about compassion in numerous conceptions. All of these approaches to thinking about compassion are valid and contribute importantly to understanding how we respond to others who are suffering. Covering multiple levels of our lives and self-concept, from the individual, to the group, to the organization and culture, The Oxford Handbook of Compassion Science gathers evidence and models of compassion that treat the subject of compassion science with careful scientific scrutiny and concern. It explores the motivators of compassion, the effect on physiology, the co-occurrence of wellbeing, and compassion training interventions. Sectioned by thematic approaches, it pulls together basic and clinical research ranging across neurobiological, developmental, evolutionary, social, clinical, and applied areas in psychology such as business and education. In this sense, it comprises one of the first multidisciplinary and systematic approaches to examining compassion from multiple perspectives and frames of reference. With contributions from well-established scholars as well as young rising stars in the field, this Handbook bridges a wide variety of diverse perspectives, research methodologies, and theory, and provides a foundation for this new and rapidly growing field. It should be of great value to the new generation of basic and applied researchers examining compassion, and serve as a catalyst for academic researchers and students to support and develop the modern world. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Straight Choices Ben R. Newell, David A. Lagnado, David R. Shanks, 2015-06-12 Should I have this medical treatment or that one? Is this computer a better buy than that one? Should I invest in shares or keep my money under the bed? We all face a perplexing array of decisions every day. Thoroughly revised and updated throughout, the new edition of Straight Choices provides an integrative account of the psychology of decision-making, and shows how psychological research can help us understand our uncertain world. Straight Choices emphasises the relationship between learning and decision-making, arguing that the best way to understand how and why decisions are made is in the context of the learning and knowledge acquisition which precedes them, and the feedback which follows. The mechanisms of learning and the structure of environments in which decisions are made are carefully examined to explore their impact on our choices. The authors then consider whether we are all constrained to fall prey to cognitive biases, or whether, with sufficient exposure, we can find optimal decision strategies and improve our decision making. Featuring three completely new chapters, this edition also contains student-friendly overviews and recommended readings in each chapter. It will be of interest to students and researchers in cognitive psychology, behavioral economics, and the decision sciences, as well as anyone interested in the nature of decision making. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Event Cognition Gabriel A. Radvansky, Jeffrey M. Zacks, 2014-06-09 Much of our behavior is guided by our understanding of events. We perceive events when we observe the world unfolding around us, participate in events when we act on the world, simulate events that we hear or read about, and use our knowledge of events to solve problems. In this book, Gabriel A. Radvansky and Jeffrey M. Zacks provide the first integrated framework for event cognition and attempt to synthesize the available psychological and neuroscience data surrounding it. This synthesis leads to new proposals about several traditional areas in psychology and neuroscience including perception, attention, language understanding, memory, and problem solving. Radvansky and Zacks have written this book with a diverse readership in mind. It is intended for a range of researchers working within cognitive science including psychology, neuroscience, computer science, philosophy, anthropology, and education. Readers curious about events more generally such as those working in literature, film theory, and history will also find it of interest. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Applied Positive Psychology Stewart I. Donaldson, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Jeanne Nakamura, 2011-04-07 Positive Psychology has experienced extraordinary growth over the past decade. Emerging research in this area is suggesting new strategies for improving everyday life, healthcare, education systems, organizations and work life, and societies across the globe. This book will be of interest to all applied psychologists, applied researchers, social and organizational psychologists, and anyone interested in applying the science of positive psychology to improvement of the human condition. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Motivation Lambert Deckers, 2015-07-17 This book provides a complete overview of motivation and emotion. Well-grounded in the history of the field, the fourth edition of Motivation: Biological, Psychological, and Environmental combines classic studies with current research. The text provides an overarching organizational scheme of how motivation (the inducement of action, feelings, and thought) leads to behavior from physiological, psychological, and environmental sources. The material draws on topics that are familiar to students while maintaining a conversational tone to sustain student interest. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Deep History of Ourselves Joseph LeDoux, 2020-08-25 Longlisted for the PEN/E.O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award A leading neuroscientist offers a history of the evolution of the brain from unicellular organisms to the complexity of animals and human beings today Renowned neuroscientist Joseph LeDoux digs into the natural history of life on earth to provide a new perspective on the similarities between us and our ancestors in deep time. This page-turning survey of the whole of terrestrial evolution sheds new light on how nervous systems evolved in animals, how the brain developed, and what it means to be human. In The Deep History of Ourselves, LeDoux argues that the key to understanding human behavior lies in viewing evolution through the prism of the first living organisms. By tracking the chain of the evolutionary timeline he shows how even the earliest single-cell organisms had to solve the same problems we and our cells have to solve each day. Along the way, LeDoux explores our place in nature, how the evolution of nervous systems enhanced the ability of organisms to survive and thrive, and how the emergence of what we humans understand as consciousness made our greatest and most horrendous achievements as a species possible. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Designing Positive Psychology Kennon M. Sheldon, Todd B. Kashdan, Michael F. Steger, 2011-01-31 Positive psychology exploded into public consciousness 10 years ago and has continued to capture attention around the world ever since. This book evaluates the first decade of this fledgling field of study from the perspective of nearly every leading researcher in the field. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Psychiatric Neuroimaging Virginia Ng, Gareth J. Barker, Talma Hendler, 2003 |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Analysis of Happiness W. Tatarkiewicz, 2011-12-21 Learned men have been wntmg about happiness since antiquity: from Greek times, there is Aristotle's treatise, included in the Nicomachean Ethics; from Roman, Seneca's De Vita Beata. Later came the Christian writings on this subject, especially another De Beata Vita, written by St. Augustine. The point of view is different from Aristotle's or Seneca's but the subject remains the same. In the Middle Ages also treatises on happiness were produced, and these eventually became part of the 'summae'. St. Thomas devoted q. 2-5 of the Prima Secundae to happiness and q. 3 1-39 bear on it indirectly. In more modern times works on happiness continued to be written. Some authors carried on the Christian tradition which maintained that happi ness is only attainable in the next world; to these belong the earliest works written in Polish. Other treatises - especially those of the Age of Reason - hold the opposite concept, that the only happiness man can expect is to be found on earth. In the 18th century there were so many of these treatises that it was possible to produce a whole anthology: The Temple of Happiness, or as it was originally called Le Temple du bonheur, ou recueuil des plus excellents traites sur Ie bonheur (2nd ed. , 1770). |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Affect in Social Thinking and Behavior Joseph P. Forgas, 2012-12-06 The role of affect in how people think and behave in social situations has been a source of fascination to laymen and philosophers since time immemorial. Surprisingly, most of what we know about the role of feelings in social thinking and behavior has been discovered only during the last two decades. Affect in Social Thinking and Behavior reviews and integrates the most recent research and theories on this exciting topic, and features original contributions reviewing key areas of affect research from leading researchers active in the area. The book covers fundamental issues, such as the nature and relationship between affect and cognition, as well as chapters that deal with the cognitive antecedents of emotion, and the consequences of affect for social cognition and behavior. This volume offers a highly integrated and comprehensive coverage of this field, and is suitable as a core textbook in advanced courses dealing with the role of affect in social cognition and behavior. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Introductory Time Series with R Paul S.P. Cowpertwait, Andrew V. Metcalfe, 2009-05-28 This book gives you a step-by-step introduction to analysing time series using the open source software R. Each time series model is motivated with practical applications, and is defined in mathematical notation. Once the model has been introduced it is used to generate synthetic data, using R code, and these generated data are then used to estimate its parameters. This sequence enhances understanding of both the time series model and the R function used to fit the model to data. Finally, the model is used to analyse observed data taken from a practical application. By using R, the whole procedure can be reproduced by the reader. All the data sets used in the book are available on the website http://staff.elena.aut.ac.nz/Paul-Cowpertwait/ts/. The book is written for undergraduate students of mathematics, economics, business and finance, geography, engineering and related disciplines, and postgraduate students who may need to analyse time series as part of their taught programme or their research. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Encyclopedia of Social Psychology Roy F. Baumeister, Kathleen D. Vohs, 2007-08-29 The set offers clear descriptions of commonly used and sometimes misunderstood terms, e.g., cultural differences, authoritarian personality, and neuroticism. The field has expanded since publication of The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by A. Manstead and M. Hewstone et al. (CH, Jan ′96, 33-2457), and this work is a valuable response to that. Summing Up: Recommended. All levels. —CHOICE Not long ago, social psychology was a small field consisting of creative, energetic researchers bent on trying to study a few vexing problems in normal adult human behavior with rigorous scientific methods. In a few short decades, the field has blossomed into a major intellectual force, with thousands of researchers worldwide exploring a stunningly diverse set of fascinating phenomena with an impressive arsenal of research methods and ever more carefully honed theories. The Encyclopedia of Social Psychology is designed as a road map to this rapidly growing and important field and provides individuals with a simple, clear, jargon-free introduction. These two volumes include more than 600 entries chosen by a diverse team of experts to comprise an exhaustive list of the most important concepts. Entries provide brief, clear, and readable explanations to the vast number of ideas and concepts that make up the intellectual and scientific content in the area of social psychology. Key Features Provides background to each concept, explains what researchers are now doing with it, and discusses where it stands in relation to other concepts in the field Translates jargon into plain, clear, everyday language rather than speaking in the secret language of the discipline Offers contributions from prominent, well-respected researchers extending over the many subfields of social psychology that collectively have a truly amazing span of expertise Key Themes Action Control Antisocial Behaviors Attitude Culture Emotions Evolution Groups Health History Influence Interpersonal Relationships Judgment and Decision Making Methods Personality Prejudice Problem Behaviors Prosocial Behaviors Self Social Cognition Subdisciplines The Encyclopedia of Social Psychology is the first resource to present students, researchers, scholars, and practitioners with state-of-the-art research and ready-to-use facts from this fascinating field. It is a must have resource for all academic libraries. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Narcissist in Your Life Julie L. Hall, 2019-12-03 A highly illuminating examination of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) and its insidiously traumatic impact on family members and partners. Packed with insight, compassion, and practical strategies for recovery, this is a must-read for survivors and clinicians alike. Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) has a profoundly dehumanizing effect on those subject to its distortions, manipulations, and rage. The Narcissist in Your Life illuminates the emotionally annihilating experience of narcissistic abuse in families and relationships, acknowledges the complex emotional and physical trauma that results, and assists survivors with compassionate, practical advice on the path of recovery. Whether you are just learning about NPD, managing a narcissistic parent or other family member, leaving a narcissistic relationship, or struggling with complex PTSD, you will find life-changing answers to these common questions: What are the different forms of NPD? Is my partner a narcissist? Why do I keep attracting narcissistic personalities? How can I help my kids? What happens in a narcissistic family? Why did my other parent go along with the abuse? Why am I alienated from my siblings? Why is it so hard to believe in myself and my future? What is complex PTSD and do I have it? What are the health problems associated with narcissistic abuse? Journalist, survivor, and NPD trauma coach Julie L. Hall provides a comprehensive, up-to-date, affirming, and accessible guide that will not only help you understand narcissistic abuse trauma, but will help you overcome trauma cycles and move forward with healing. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Intimacy and Desire Dr David Schnarch, 2010 In this groundbreaking book, Dr. David Schnarch, one of the foremost experts on sexuality and relationships, explains why normal healthy couples in long-term relationships have sexual desire problems, regardless of how much they love each other or how well they communicate. In-depth examples of couples he has counselled reveal his unique understanding of common-but-difficult sexual desire problems that affect couples of all ages. Combining compassion and clinical wisdom, Dr. Schnarch explains how to use his revolutionary Four Points of Balance approach to resolve low desire, mismatched desire, sexual boredom, and the emotional gridlock that accompanies these problems. Intimacy and Desire provides a roadmap for how couples can transform common sexual desire problems into self-exploration and personal development that leads to psychological and spiritual growth, stronger relationships, and more powerful and meaningful desire for each other. It provides time-proven comprehensive solutions that help couples reconnect with each other sexually, and take their intimacy and passion to new, previously unexplored heights. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Integrating Technology in Positive Psychology Practice Villani, Daniela, 2016-02-29 Most research on the psychological impact of computers and the Internet has focused on the negative side of technology – i.e. how the use (abuse) of interactive systems and videogames can negatively affect mental health and behavior. On the other hand, less attention has been devoted to understanding how emerging technologies can promote optimal functioning at individual, group, and community levels. Integrating Technology in Positive Psychology Practice explores the various roles that technology can play in the development of psychological interventions aimed at helping people thrive. Exploring the ways in which ICT can be utilized to foster positive emotions, promote engagement in empowering activities, and support connectedness between individuals, groups, and communities, this timely publication is designed for use by psychologists, IT developers, researchers, and graduate students. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Children's Understanding of Emotion Carolyn Saarni, Paul L. Harris, 1989 This volume assembles the most recent thinking and empirical research from key theorists and researchers on how children, from preschool through early adolescence, make sense of their own and others' emotional experience. Contributors discuss the control of emotion, the role of culture, empathic experience, and the emerging theory of mind that is implicit in children's views of emotion. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Affective Societies Jan Slaby, Christian von Scheve, 2019-01-15 Affect and emotion have come to dominate discourse on social and political life in the mobile and networked societies of the early 21st century. This volume introduces a unique collection of essential concepts for theorizing and empirically investigating societies as Affective Societies. The concepts promote insights into the affective foundations of social coexistence and are indispensable to comprehend the many areas of conflict linked to emotion such as migration, political populism, or local and global inequalities. Adhering to an instructive narrative, Affective Societies provides historical orientation; detailed explication of the concept in question, clear-cut research examples, and an outlook at the end of each chapter. Presenting interdisciplinary research from scholars within the Collaborative Research Center Affective Societies, this insightful monograph will appeal to students and researchers interested in fields such as affect and emotion, anthropology, cultural studies, and media studies. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Laws of Emotion Nico H. Frijda, 2017-09-25 The Laws of Emotion is an accessible work that reviews much of the insightful new research on emotions conducted over the last ten years. It expands on the theory of emotions introduced in Nico Frijda’s earlier work and addresses a number of unanswered, basic problems on emotion theory. The author’s goal is to better understand the underlying psychological mechanisms of emotion. In this book, Professor Frijda also examines previously neglected topics of emotion such as determinants of emotional intensity, the duration of emotions, and sexual emotions. It touches on both evolutionary and neuroscientific explanations. The book begins by reviewing a number of principles governing emotion, or “the laws of emotion”. The author then examines the passionate nature of emotions and the motivational processes underlying them, and the nature and causes of pleasure and pain. Professor Frijda then explores the processes that lead to emotional arousal, including cognitive influences and why people care more about certain things than others. Emotional intensity is then discussed, including the often-neglected topic of the course of emotions over time. The book concludes with the author's insights into complex emotional domains such as sex, revenge, and the need to commemorate past events. The Laws of Emotion will appeal to social, cognitive, and developmental psychologists, social scientists, philosophers, and neuroscientists, as well as anyone interested in the workings of the mind. It also serves as a text for advanced courses in the psychology of emotions or the neuroscience of emotions. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Happiness, Pleasure, and Judgment Allen Parducci, 1995 The essential idea of this book is that the happy life is one in which the best of whatever is experienced comes relatively often, regardless of how good that best might be. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: The Psychology of Economic Decisions Isabelle Brocas, Juan D. Carrillo, 2003 This volume brings together contributions to the burgeoning research area of behavioral economics from a number of well-known international scholars in the field. Topics covered include 'irrational' conducts; imperfect self-knowledge; imperfect memory; time and utility; and experimental practices in psychology, economics, and finance. This book will provide a point of entry to anyone wishing to discover what the intellectual terrain between economics and psychology looks like. |
| affective forecasting psychology definition: Psychology and Geriatrics Benjamin A. Bensadon, 2015-04-16 Psychology and Geriatrics demonstrates the value of integrating psychological knowledge and insight with medical training and geriatric care. Leading physician and geropsychologist contributors come together to share their collective wisdom about topics that are as emotionally uncomfortable as they are universally relevant. As the world struggles to respond to unprecedented gains in life expectancy and an explosion of new retirees living with chronic health conditions, this collaboration could not be more timely. This exceptional resource is, itself, evidence that physicians and psychologists can work together to optimize truly patient-centered geriatric care. Here at last is a scientifically rigorous, evidence-based response to the aging mind and body from those most expertly trained. - Illustrates why and how psychologists must assume a more integrated role in meeting the health care needs of older patients - Confronts emotionally laden topics such as cognitively impaired driving, caregiver burden, end-of-life communication, suicide, and systemic issues such as bias, payment, and the culture of medicine - Challenges decades-long barriers to integration, from both physician and psychologist perspectives, suggesting how they can finally be overcome - Provides an innovative, practical response to academic medicine's growing emphasis on psychological and behavioral science - Demonstrates how health care reform creates a behavioral health niche that clinical psychologists are uniquely qualified to fill |
Affective vs. Effective–Don't Confuse Them | Grammarly
Oct 20, 2022 · Affective describes something that has been influenced by emotions, is a result of emotions, or expresses emotion. Effective describes something that produces a desired result. …
AFFECTIVE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of AFFECTIVE is relating to, arising from, or influencing feelings or emotions : emotional. How to use affective in a sentence.
Affective vs. Effective: Which Is Correct? - Dictionary.com
Sep 11, 2023 · The word affective means “emotional” or “causing feeling or emotion.” The adjectives effective and affective look and sound similar, but one of these words is much more …
AFFECTIVE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
Affective responses seem to occur when pupils have almost finished their work. Affective reactions of foreign language students to natural approach activities and teaching techniques. This was …
affective adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage ...
Definition of affective adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Affective - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Affective is a word that crops up a lot in psychology—it means having to do with emotions or moods. Affective disorders are characterized by mood swings. It can be tricky to remember the …
Affective - definition of affective by The Free Dictionary
Define affective. affective synonyms, affective pronunciation, affective translation, English dictionary definition of affective. caused by or expressing feelings; emotional; causing emotion or …
‘Affective’ vs ‘Effective’: What’s the Difference?
Mar 28, 2024 · The main difference between affective and effective lies in their meanings and usage in English. Affective relates to feelings, emotions, or moods. It’s used when talking about …
What does affective mean? - Definitions.net
Affective refers to anything related to or dealing with emotions, feelings, moods or attitudes. It includes both positive and negative emotions and is often used in psychological and neurological …
Affective vs. Effective: What’s the Difference? - Writing Explained
Affective is mostly limited to the world of psychology and deals with emotions, feelings, and moods. Effective is used in everyday language and means successful in achieving a desired result. …
Affective vs. Effective–Don't Confuse Them | Grammarly
Oct 20, 2022 · Affective describes something that has been influenced by emotions, is a result of emotions, or expresses emotion. Effective describes something that produces a desired result. …
AFFECTIVE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of AFFECTIVE is relating to, arising from, or influencing feelings or emotions : emotional. How to use affective in a sentence.
Affective vs. Effective: Which Is Correct? - Dictionary.com
Sep 11, 2023 · The word affective means “emotional” or “causing feeling or emotion.” The adjectives effective and affective look and sound similar, but one of these words is much more …
AFFECTIVE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
Affective responses seem to occur when pupils have almost finished their work. Affective reactions of foreign language students to natural approach activities and teaching techniques. …
affective adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage ...
Definition of affective adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Affective - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Affective is a word that crops up a lot in psychology—it means having to do with emotions or moods. Affective disorders are characterized by mood swings. It can be tricky to remember the …
Affective - definition of affective by The Free Dictionary
Define affective. affective synonyms, affective pronunciation, affective translation, English dictionary definition of affective. caused by or expressing feelings; emotional; causing emotion …
‘Affective’ vs ‘Effective’: What’s the Difference?
Mar 28, 2024 · The main difference between affective and effective lies in their meanings and usage in English. Affective relates to feelings, emotions, or moods. It’s used when talking …
What does affective mean? - Definitions.net
Affective refers to anything related to or dealing with emotions, feelings, moods or attitudes. It includes both positive and negative emotions and is often used in psychological and …
Affective vs. Effective: What’s the Difference? - Writing Explained
Affective is mostly limited to the world of psychology and deals with emotions, feelings, and moods. Effective is used in everyday language and means successful in achieving a desired …
