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AI and Physics-Assisted Character Pose Authoring: Revolutionizing Animation
Author: Dr. Anya Sharma, PhD in Computer Graphics and Animation, with 10 years of experience in research and development at a leading animation studio. Her expertise lies in the intersection of artificial intelligence and physically-based animation techniques.
Publisher: Springer Nature – A leading global research, educational, and professional publisher, specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content.
Editor: Dr. Ben Carter, MSc in Computer Science, with 15 years' experience editing technical publications focused on game development and animation technology.
Keywords: AI and physics assisted character pose authoring, AI-assisted animation, physics-based animation, character animation, pose generation, machine learning, deep learning, inverse kinematics, procedural animation, animation software, game development, film animation.
Abstract: The creation of realistic and believable character poses remains a time-consuming and technically demanding aspect of animation. This article explores the burgeoning field of AI and physics-assisted character pose authoring, detailing various methodologies that leverage machine learning and physics simulation to automate and enhance the traditional animation workflow. We examine different approaches, their strengths and weaknesses, and the current challenges and future directions of this rapidly evolving field.
1. Introduction: The Need for AI and Physics-Assisted Character Pose Authoring
Traditional character pose authoring is a labor-intensive process requiring skilled animators to manually adjust character poses frame-by-frame. This process can be slow, especially for complex characters and intricate animations. The advent of AI and physics-assisted character pose authoring offers a transformative solution, automating parts of the process and allowing animators to focus on creative direction rather than tedious manual adjustments. This technology is critical for improving efficiency and creating higher-quality animations across various industries, from video games and film to virtual reality and robotics.
2. Physics-Based Animation: The Foundation
Physics-based animation simulates the physical properties of objects, such as mass, gravity, and elasticity, to create realistic movement. This forms a crucial component of AI and physics-assisted character pose authoring. By incorporating physics engines, the system can ensure that poses adhere to realistic physical constraints, preventing unnatural or impossible movements. This improves the believability and overall quality of the generated poses. Techniques like inverse kinematics (IK) are extensively used, enabling the manipulation of character limbs by specifying end-effector positions, with the system calculating the necessary joint angles based on physical constraints.
3. AI Methods in Pose Authoring
Several AI methods are employed in AI and physics-assisted character pose authoring:
Machine Learning (ML): ML algorithms, especially supervised and unsupervised learning techniques, are used to train models on vast datasets of existing character poses and their corresponding contexts (e.g., character actions, emotions). These trained models can then generate new poses based on input parameters, such as desired action or emotion.
Deep Learning (DL): Deep learning architectures, including recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are particularly effective for handling complex pose data. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are also used to create novel and diverse poses, overcoming some limitations of simpler ML models. These models can learn intricate relationships between pose parameters and the resulting visual appearance, creating high-fidelity and realistic animations.
Reinforcement Learning (RL): RL algorithms allow an AI agent to learn optimal pose sequences through trial and error, interacting with a physics-based simulation environment. This is particularly useful for generating dynamic and complex animations, such as parkour or acrobatics, where the AI learns to generate poses that maintain balance and physical realism.
4. Hybrid Approaches: Combining AI and Physics
The most effective systems often combine AI and physics-based animation. AI can be used to generate initial poses, which are then refined by a physics engine to ensure physical plausibility and avoid collisions. This iterative process combines the creativity of AI with the accuracy of physics simulation, leading to superior results. For instance, an AI might generate a rough pose suggestion for a character jumping, and the physics engine would then adjust the pose to ensure the character's center of gravity and limb positions are physically realistic for the jump.
5. Data Acquisition and Preprocessing for AI and Physics Assisted Character Pose Authoring
The effectiveness of AI-driven pose authoring heavily relies on the quality and quantity of training data. This data can be obtained through motion capture, manual pose creation, or a combination of both. Preprocessing this data is crucial – this involves cleaning, normalizing, and potentially augmenting the data to ensure consistent format and improve the model's robustness. Data augmentation techniques, such as adding noise or slightly altering existing poses, can help improve the generalization ability of the AI model.
6. Software and Tools for AI and Physics Assisted Character Pose Authoring
Several software packages and tools support AI and physics-assisted character pose authoring. Some integrate AI directly into their animation pipelines, while others provide APIs or plugins that allow users to incorporate custom AI models. This includes industry-standard 3D animation software that's being continuously updated with AI functionalities, as well as specialized AI-focused tools tailored for animation and pose generation.
7. Challenges and Future Directions in AI and Physics Assisted Character Pose Authoring
Despite significant advancements, several challenges remain:
Data Scarcity: Acquiring high-quality, labeled datasets for training AI models can be expensive and time-consuming.
Computational Cost: Training and deploying complex deep learning models can require significant computational resources.
Generalization Ability: AI models need to generalize well to unseen situations and character types.
Control and Artist Interaction: Providing intuitive controls and maintaining artistic control over the AI-generated poses are crucial for widespread adoption.
Future research will focus on addressing these challenges, improving the efficiency and robustness of AI models, and developing more intuitive user interfaces for AI-assisted animation tools. The integration of advanced AI techniques, such as explainable AI (XAI), can increase transparency and provide animators with better insights into the decision-making process of the AI system. This will further enhance the collaboration between humans and AI in character animation.
8. Conclusion
AI and physics-assisted character pose authoring represents a significant advancement in animation technology. By combining the power of AI with the accuracy of physics-based animation, this technology dramatically improves the efficiency and quality of character animation workflows. While challenges remain, the continued development and refinement of these techniques promise to revolutionize how animations are created, unlocking new possibilities for creativity and realism in future projects. The ongoing research in this rapidly evolving field guarantees a future where animators can focus on the artistic aspects of their work, leveraging the power of AI and physics to achieve unprecedented levels of sophistication and efficiency.
FAQs
1. What are the key differences between traditional and AI-assisted pose authoring? Traditional methods rely on manual keyframing, while AI-assisted approaches leverage machine learning and physics simulation to automate and enhance the process, offering increased speed and realism.
2. What type of AI algorithms are most commonly used in character pose generation? Deep learning architectures such as GANs, RNNs, and CNNs are frequently utilized, as are various machine learning models for supervised and unsupervised learning.
3. How does physics simulation contribute to the realism of AI-generated poses? Physics engines ensure poses adhere to physical constraints, preventing unnatural movements and improving believability.
4. What are the limitations of current AI and physics-assisted pose authoring techniques? Challenges include data scarcity, computational costs, generalization ability, and maintaining artistic control.
5. How can artists maintain creative control when using AI-assisted tools? Future systems will focus on intuitive interfaces and provide clear feedback mechanisms, allowing artists to guide the AI and fine-tune the results.
6. What kind of data is needed to train an AI model for character pose authoring? High-quality datasets of character poses and their associated contexts, often obtained through motion capture or manual keyframing.
7. What software packages currently support AI and physics-assisted character pose authoring? Many industry-standard 3D animation packages are incorporating AI functionalities, and dedicated AI-focused tools are also emerging.
8. What are the ethical considerations surrounding the use of AI in animation? Concerns include potential job displacement for animators and the need for transparent and accountable AI systems.
9. What are the future trends in AI and physics-assisted character pose authoring? Future research will focus on improving efficiency, generalization ability, and artist interaction, including the integration of explainable AI (XAI) techniques.
Related Articles
1. "Generative Adversarial Networks for Character Pose Generation": This article explores the use of GANs for creating novel and realistic character poses, emphasizing the architecture and training techniques.
2. "Physics-Based Inverse Kinematics for Character Animation": This article delves into the mathematical foundations and algorithmic implementation of physics-based IK, focusing on its role in realistic pose generation.
3. "Data Augmentation Techniques for Improving AI-Driven Character Pose Authoring": This article focuses on strategies for expanding and enhancing training datasets to improve model performance and robustness.
4. "Reinforcement Learning for Animating Dynamic Character Movements": This article explores the application of RL algorithms to generate dynamic and complex character movements like acrobatics and parkour.
5. "A Comparative Study of Deep Learning Architectures for Character Pose Estimation": This article compares the performance and efficiency of different deep learning models for accurate pose estimation from input data.
6. "User Interface Design for AI-Assisted Animation Tools": This article explores the design considerations for user-friendly interfaces that integrate AI and physics seamlessly into animation workflows.
7. "Ethical Implications of AI-Driven Animation in the Entertainment Industry": This article examines the ethical considerations associated with the use of AI in animation, such as job displacement and algorithmic bias.
8. "The Role of Motion Capture in Training AI Models for Character Animation": This article highlights the importance of motion capture data in providing realistic training data for AI models in pose authoring.
9. "Real-time AI-Assisted Character Pose Authoring for Virtual Reality Applications": This article explores the challenges and opportunities of real-time pose generation for interactive VR environments.
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| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Rhythms of the Brain G. Buzsáki, 2011 Studies of mechanisms in the brain that allow complicated things to happen in a coordinated fashion have produced some of the most spectacular discoveries in neuroscience. This book provides eloquent support for the idea that spontaneous neuron activity, far from being mere noise, is actually the source of our cognitive abilities. It takes a fresh look at the coevolution of structure and function in the mammalian brain, illustrating how self-emerged oscillatory timing is the brain's fundamental organizer of neuronal information. The small-world-like connectivity of the cerebral cortex allows for global computation on multiple spatial and temporal scales. The perpetual interactions among the multiple network oscillators keep cortical systems in a highly sensitive metastable state and provide energy-efficient synchronizing mechanisms via weak links. In a sequence of cycles, György Buzsáki guides the reader from the physics of oscillations through neuronal assembly organization to complex cognitive processing and memory storage. His clear, fluid writing-accessible to any reader with some scientific knowledge-is supplemented by extensive footnotes and references that make it just as gratifying and instructive a read for the specialist. The coherent view of a single author who has been at the forefront of research in this exciting field, this volume is essential reading for anyone interested in our rapidly evolving understanding of the brain. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: The Sciences of the Artificial, reissue of the third edition with a new introduction by John Laird Herbert A. Simon, 2019-08-13 Herbert Simon's classic work on artificial intelligence in the expanded and updated third edition from 1996, with a new introduction by John E. Laird. Herbert Simon's classic and influential The Sciences of the Artificial declares definitively that there can be a science not only of natural phenomena but also of what is artificial. Exploring the commonalities of artificial systems, including economic systems, the business firm, artificial intelligence, complex engineering projects, and social plans, Simon argues that designed systems are a valid field of study, and he proposes a science of design. For this third edition, originally published in 1996, Simon added new material that takes into account advances in cognitive psychology and the science of design while confirming and extending the book's basic thesis: that a physical symbol system has the necessary and sufficient means for intelligent action. Simon won the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1978 for his research into the decision-making process within economic organizations and the Turing Award (considered by some the computer science equivalent to the Nobel) with Allen Newell in 1975 for contributions to artificial intelligence, the psychology of human cognition, and list processing. The Sciences of the Artificial distills the essence of Simon's thought accessibly and coherently. This reissue of the third edition makes a pioneering work available to a new audience. |
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| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Historical Painting Techniques, Materials, and Studio Practice Arie Wallert, Erma Hermens, Marja Peek, 1995-08-24 Bridging the fields of conservation, art history, and museum curating, this volume contains the principal papers from an international symposium titled Historical Painting Techniques, Materials, and Studio Practice at the University of Leiden in Amsterdam, Netherlands, from June 26 to 29, 1995. The symposium—designed for art historians, conservators, conservation scientists, and museum curators worldwide—was organized by the Department of Art History at the University of Leiden and the Art History Department of the Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science in Amsterdam. Twenty-five contributors representing museums and conservation institutions throughout the world provide recent research on historical painting techniques, including wall painting and polychrome sculpture. Topics cover the latest art historical research and scientific analyses of original techniques and materials, as well as historical sources, such as medieval treatises and descriptions of painting techniques in historical literature. Chapters include the painting methods of Rembrandt and Vermeer, Dutch 17th-century landscape painting, wall paintings in English churches, Chinese paintings on paper and canvas, and Tibetan thangkas. Color plates and black-and-white photographs illustrate works from the Middle Ages to the 20th century. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Physics for Scientists and Engineers Raymond Serway, John Jewett, 2013-01-01 As a market leader, PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS is one of the most powerful brands in the physics market. While preserving concise language, state-of-the-art educational pedagogy, and top-notch worked examples, the Ninth Edition highlights the Analysis Model approach to problem-solving, including brand-new Analysis Model Tutorials, written by text co-author John Jewett, and available in Enhanced WebAssign. The Analysis Model approach lays out a standard set of situations that appear in most physics problems, and serves as a bridge to help students identify the correct fundamental principle--and then the equation--to utilize in solving that problem. The unified art program and the carefully thought out problem sets also enhance the thoughtful instruction for which Raymond A. Serway and John W. Jewett, Jr. earned their reputations. The Ninth Edition of PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS continues to be accompanied by Enhanced WebAssign in the most integrated text-technology offering available today. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Generative Deep Learning David Foster, 2019-06-28 Generative modeling is one of the hottest topics in AI. It’s now possible to teach a machine to excel at human endeavors such as painting, writing, and composing music. With this practical book, machine-learning engineers and data scientists will discover how to re-create some of the most impressive examples of generative deep learning models, such as variational autoencoders,generative adversarial networks (GANs), encoder-decoder models and world models. Author David Foster demonstrates the inner workings of each technique, starting with the basics of deep learning before advancing to some of the most cutting-edge algorithms in the field. Through tips and tricks, you’ll understand how to make your models learn more efficiently and become more creative. Discover how variational autoencoders can change facial expressions in photos Build practical GAN examples from scratch, including CycleGAN for style transfer and MuseGAN for music generation Create recurrent generative models for text generation and learn how to improve the models using attention Understand how generative models can help agents to accomplish tasks within a reinforcement learning setting Explore the architecture of the Transformer (BERT, GPT-2) and image generation models such as ProGAN and StyleGAN |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: An Introduction to Machine Learning Miroslav Kubat, 2017-08-31 This textbook presents fundamental machine learning concepts in an easy to understand manner by providing practical advice, using straightforward examples, and offering engaging discussions of relevant applications. The main topics include Bayesian classifiers, nearest-neighbor classifiers, linear and polynomial classifiers, decision trees, neural networks, and support vector machines. Later chapters show how to combine these simple tools by way of “boosting,” how to exploit them in more complicated domains, and how to deal with diverse advanced practical issues. One chapter is dedicated to the popular genetic algorithms. This revised edition contains three entirely new chapters on critical topics regarding the pragmatic application of machine learning in industry. The chapters examine multi-label domains, unsupervised learning and its use in deep learning, and logical approaches to induction. Numerous chapters have been expanded, and the presentation of the material has been enhanced. The book contains many new exercises, numerous solved examples, thought-provoking experiments, and computer assignments for independent work. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists , 1966-06 The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic Doomsday Clock stimulates solutions for a safer world. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Learning to Think Spatially National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Geographical Sciences Committee, Committee on Support for Thinking Spatially: The Incorporation of Geographic Information Science Across the K-12 Curriculum, 2005-02-03 Learning to Think Spatially examines how spatial thinking might be incorporated into existing standards-based instruction across the school curriculum. Spatial thinking must be recognized as a fundamental part of Kâ€12 education and as an integrator and a facilitator for problem solving across the curriculum. With advances in computing technologies and the increasing availability of geospatial data, spatial thinking will play a significant role in the information-based economy of the twenty-first century. Using appropriately designed support systems tailored to the Kâ€12 context, spatial thinking can be taught formally to all students. A geographic information system (GIS) offers one example of a high-technology support system that can enable students and teachers to practice and apply spatial thinking in many areas of the curriculum. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Machine Learning in Chemistry Hugh M. Cartwright, 2020-07-15 Progress in the application of machine learning (ML) to the physical and life sciences has been rapid. A decade ago, the method was mainly of interest to those in computer science departments, but more recently ML tools have been developed that show significant potential across wide areas of science. There is a growing consensus that ML software, and related areas of artificial intelligence, may, in due course, become as fundamental to scientific research as computers themselves. Yet a perception remains that ML is obscure or esoteric, that only computer scientists can really understand it, and that few meaningful applications in scientific research exist. This book challenges that view. With contributions from leading research groups, it presents in-depth examples to illustrate how ML can be applied to real chemical problems. Through these examples, the reader can both gain a feel for what ML can and cannot (so far) achieve, and also identify characteristics that might make a problem in physical science amenable to a ML approach. This text is a valuable resource for scientists who are intrigued by the power of machine learning and want to learn more about how it can be applied in their own field. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Machine Learning R.S. Michalski, J.G. Carbonell, T.M. Mitchell, 2013-04-17 The ability to learn is one of the most fundamental attributes of intelligent behavior. Consequently, progress in the theory and computer modeling of learn ing processes is of great significance to fields concerned with understanding in telligence. Such fields include cognitive science, artificial intelligence, infor mation science, pattern recognition, psychology, education, epistemology, philosophy, and related disciplines. The recent observance of the silver anniversary of artificial intelligence has been heralded by a surge of interest in machine learning-both in building models of human learning and in understanding how machines might be endowed with the ability to learn. This renewed interest has spawned many new research projects and resulted in an increase in related scientific activities. In the summer of 1980, the First Machine Learning Workshop was held at Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh. In the same year, three consecutive issues of the Inter national Journal of Policy Analysis and Information Systems were specially devoted to machine learning (No. 2, 3 and 4, 1980). In the spring of 1981, a special issue of the SIGART Newsletter No. 76 reviewed current research projects in the field. . This book contains tutorial overviews and research papers representative of contemporary trends in the area of machine learning as viewed from an artificial intelligence perspective. As the first available text on this subject, it is intended to fulfill several needs. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Analytics, Data Science, and Artificial Intelligence Ramesh Sharda, Dursun Delen, Efraim Turban, 2020-03-06 For courses in decision support systems, computerized decision-making tools, and management support systems. Market-leading guide to modern analytics, for better business decisionsAnalytics, Data Science, & Artificial Intelligence: Systems for Decision Support is the most comprehensive introduction to technologies collectively called analytics (or business analytics) and the fundamental methods, techniques, and software used to design and develop these systems. Students gain inspiration from examples of organisations that have employed analytics to make decisions, while leveraging the resources of a companion website. With six new chapters, the 11th edition marks a major reorganisation reflecting a new focus -- analytics and its enabling technologies, including AI, machine-learning, robotics, chatbots, and IoT. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Ambient Intelligence Gian Luca Foresti, Tim Ellis, 2006-01-16 Ambient Intelligence (AmI) is an integrating technology for supporting a pervasive and transparent infrastructure for implementing smart environments. Such technology is used to enable environments for detecting events and behaviors of people and for responding in a contextually relevant fashion. AmI proposes a multi-disciplinary approach for enhancing human machine interaction. Ambient Intelligence: A Novel Paradigm is a compilation of edited chapters describing current state-of-the-art and new research techniques including those related to intelligent visual monitoring, face and speech recognition, innovative education methods, as well as smart and cognitive environments. The authors start with a description of the iDorm as an example of a smart environment conforming to the AmI paradigm, and introduces computer vision as an important component of the system. Other computer vision examples describe visual monitoring for the elderly, classic and novel surveillance techniques using clusters of cameras installed in indoor and outdoor application domains, and the monitoring of public spaces. Face and speech recognition systems are also covered as well as enhanced LEGO blocks for novel educational purposes. The book closes with a provocative chapter on how a cybernetic system can be designed as the backbone of a human machine interaction. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Medical Imaging Physics William R. Hendee, E. Russell Ritenour, 2002 William Hendee and Russell Ritenour's comprehensive text provides the tools necessary to be comfortable with the physical principles, technology concepts, equiment, and procedures used in diagnostic imaging, as well as to appreciate the technological capabilities and limitations of the discipline. Readers need not possess a background in physics. Broadly accessible, Medical Imaging Physics covers all aspects of image formation in modern medical imaging modalities, such as radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomopgraphy(CT), nuclear imaging, and magnetic resonance. Other topics covered include; Digital x-ray imaging Doppler ultrasound Helical CT scanning Accumulation and analysis of nuclear data Experimental radiobiology Radiation protection and safety |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Machine Scoring of Student Essays Patricia Freitag Ericsson, Richard Haswell, 2006-03-15 The current trend toward machine-scoring of student work, Ericsson and Haswell argue, has created an emerging issue with implications for higher education across the disciplines, but with particular importance for those in English departments and in administration. The academic community has been silent on the issue—some would say excluded from it—while the commercial entities who develop essay-scoring software have been very active. Machine Scoring of Student Essays is the first volume to seriously consider the educational mechanisms and consequences of this trend, and it offers important discussions from some of the leading scholars in writing assessment. Reading and evaluating student writing is a time-consuming process, yet it is a vital part of both student placement and coursework at post-secondary institutions. In recent years, commercial computer-evaluation programs have been developed to score student essays in both of these contexts. Two-year colleges have been especially drawn to these programs, but four-year institutions are moving to them as well, because of the cost-savings they promise. Unfortunately, to a large extent, the programs have been written, and institutions are installing them, without attention to their instructional validity or adequacy. Since the education software companies are moving so rapidly into what they perceive as a promising new market, a wider discussion of machine-scoring is vital if scholars hope to influence development and/or implementation of the programs being created. What is needed, then, is a critical resource to help teachers and administrators evaluate programs they might be considering, and to more fully envision the instructional consequences of adopting them. And this is the resource that Ericsson and Haswell are providing here. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: The 4-Hour Work Week Timothy Ferriss, 2007 Offers techniques and strategies for increasing income while cutting work time in half, and includes advice for leading a more fulfilling life. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Sir Isaac Newton's Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and His System of the World Sir Isaac Newton, 2023-11-15 This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1934. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Animated Performance Nancy Beiman, 2021-02-11 Animated Performance shows how a character can seemingly 'come to life' when their movements reflect the emotional or narrative context of their situation: when they start to 'perform'. The many tips, examples and exercises from a veteran of the animation industry will help readers harness the flexibility of animation to portray a limitless variety of characters and ensure that no two performances are ever alike. More than 300 color illustrations demonstrate how animal and fantasy characters can live and move without losing their non-human qualities and interviews with Disney animators Art Babbitt, Frank Thomas, Ollie Johnston and Ellen Woodbury make this a unique insight into bringing a whole world of characters to life. New to the second edition: A new chapter with introductory exercises to introduce beginner animators to the the world of animated acting; dozens of new assignments and examples focusing on designing and animating fantasy and animal characters. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Probability and Statistics Michael J. Evans, Jeffrey S. Rosenthal, 2004 Unlike traditional introductory math/stat textbooks, Probability and Statistics: The Science of Uncertainty brings a modern flavor based on incorporating the computer to the course and an integrated approach to inference. From the start the book integrates simulations into its theoretical coverage, and emphasizes the use of computer-powered computation throughout.* Math and science majors with just one year of calculus can use this text and experience a refreshing blend of applications and theory that goes beyond merely mastering the technicalities. They'll get a thorough grounding in probability theory, and go beyond that to the theory of statistical inference and its applications. An integrated approach to inference is presented that includes the frequency approach as well as Bayesian methodology. Bayesian inference is developed as a logical extension of likelihood methods. A separate chapter is devoted to the important topic of model checking and this is applied in the context of the standard applied statistical techniques. Examples of data analyses using real-world data are presented throughout the text. A final chapter introduces a number of the most important stochastic process models using elementary methods. *Note: An appendix in the book contains Minitab code for more involved computations. The code can be used by students as templates for their own calculations. If a software package like Minitab is used with the course then no programming is required by the students. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement Joseph Hamill, Kathleen Knutzen, Timothy R. Derrick, 2015 Focusing on the quantitative nature of biomechanics, this book integrates current literature, meaningful numerical examples, relevant applications, hands-on exercises, and functional anatomy, physics, calculus, and physiology to help students - regardless of their mathematical background - understand the full continuum of human movement potential. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Shaping Written Knowledge Charles Bazerman, 1988 The forms taken by scientific writing help to determine the very nature of science itself. In this closely reasoned study, Charles Bazerman views the changing forms of scientific writing as solutions to rhetorical problems faced by scientists arguing for their findings. Examining such works as the early Philosophical Transactions and Newton's optical writings as well as Physical Review, Bazerman views the changing forms of scientific writing as solutions to rhetorical problems faced by scientists. The rhetoric of science is, Bazerman demonstrates, an embedded part of scientific activity that interacts with other parts of scientific activity, including social structure and empirical experience. This book presents a comprehensive historical account of the rise and development of the genre, and views these forms in relation to empirical experience. |
| ai and physics assisted character pose authoring: Real-Time Collision Detection Christer Ericson, 2004-12-22 Written by an expert in the game industry, Christer Ericson's new book is a comprehensive guide to the components of efficient real-time collision detection systems. The book provides the tools and know-how needed to implement industrial-strength collision detection for the highly detailed dynamic environments of applications such as 3D games, virt |
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