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| ethiopia official languages afar: The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages Ronny Meyer, Bedilu Wakjira, Zelealem Leyew, 2023-05-04 This handbook provides a comprehensive account of the languages spoken in Ethiopia, exploring both their structures and features and their function and use in society. The first part of the volume provides background and general information relating to Ethiopian languages, including their demographic distribution and classification, language policy, scripts and writing, and language endangerment. Subsequent parts are dedicated to the four major language families in Ethiopia - Cushitic, Ethiosemitic, Nilo-Saharan, and Omotic - and contain studies of individual languages, with an initial introductory overview chapter in each part. Both major and less-documented languages are included, ranging from Amharic and Oromo to Zay, Gawwada, and Yemsa. The final part explores languages that are outside of those four families, namely Ethiopian Sign Language, Ethiopian English, and Arabic. With its international team of senior researchers and junior scholars, The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages will appeal to anyone interested in the languages of the region and in African linguistics more broadly. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Grammatical and Sociolinguistic Aspects of Ethiopian Languages Derib Ado, Almaz Wasse Gelagay, Janne Bondi Johannessen, 2021-04-23 The focus of this unique publication is on Ethiopian languages and linguistics. Not only major languages such as Amharic and Oromo receive attention, but also lesser studied ones like Sezo and Nuer are dealt with. The Gurage languages, that often present a descriptive and sociolinguistic puzzle to researchers, have received ample coverage. And for the first time in the history of Ethiopian linguistics, two chapters are dedicated to descriptive studies of Ethiopian Sign Language, as well as two studies on acoustic phonetics. Topics range over a wide spectrum of issues covering the lexicon, sociolinguistics, socio-cultural aspects and micro-linguistic studies on the phonology, morphology and syntax of Ethiopian languages. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Introduction to Ethiopia Gilad James, PhD, Ethiopia is an African country situated in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Somalia to the east, Kenya to the south, Sudan to the west, and South Sudan to the southwest. The country covers an area of approximately 1.1 million square kilometres, making it the 27th largest country in the world. Ethiopia has a total population of around 114 million people, making it the second-most populous country in Africa after Nigeria. Ethiopia is known for its rich history and cultural diversity. The country has a long history dating back to ancient times, with evidence of early human settlement dating back over 3 million years. Ethiopia has over 80 ethnic groups, each with its own unique culture and traditions. The country also has a diverse ecosystem, with highlands, lowlands, and deserts all present within its borders. Despite its challenges, including widespread poverty and political instability, Ethiopia is a country full of potential, with a young and rapidly growing population and abundant natural resources. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: , |
| ethiopia official languages afar: The Semitic Languages Stefan Weninger, 2011-12-23 The handbook The Semitic Languages offers a comprehensive reference tool for Semitic Linguistics in its broad sense. It is not restricted to comparative Grammar, although it covers also comparative aspects, including classification. By comprising a chapter on typology and sections with sociolinguistic focus and language contact, the conception of the book aims at a rather complete, unbiased description of the state of the art in Semitics. Articles on individual languages and dialects give basic facts as location, numbers of speakers, scripts, numbers of extant texts and their nature, attestation where appropriate, and salient features of the grammar and lexicon of the respective variety. The handbook is the most comprehensive treatment of the Semitic language family since many decades. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics , 2005-11-24 The first edition of ELL (1993, Ron Asher, Editor) was hailed as the field's standard reference work for a generation. Now the all-new second edition matches ELL's comprehensiveness and high quality, expanded for a new generation, while being the first encyclopedia to really exploit the multimedia potential of linguistics. * The most authoritative, up-to-date, comprehensive, and international reference source in its field * An entirely new work, with new editors, new authors, new topics and newly commissioned articles with a handful of classic articles * The first Encyclopedia to exploit the multimedia potential of linguistics through the online edition * Ground-breaking and International in scope and approach * Alphabetically arranged with extensive cross-referencing * Available in print and online, priced separately. The online version will include updates as subjects develop ELL2 includes: * c. 7,500,000 words * c. 11,000 pages * c. 3,000 articles * c. 1,500 figures: 130 halftones and 150 colour * Supplementary audio, video and text files online * c. 3,500 glossary definitions * c. 39,000 references * Extensive list of commonly used abbreviations * List of languages of the world (including information on no. of speakers, language family, etc.) * Approximately 700 biographical entries (now includes contemporary linguists) * 200 language maps in print and online Also available online via ScienceDirect – featuring extensive browsing, searching, and internal cross-referencing between articles in the work, plus dynamic linking to journal articles and abstract databases, making navigation flexible and easy. For more information, pricing options and availability visit www.info.sciencedirect.com. The first Encyclopedia to exploit the multimedia potential of linguistics Ground-breaking in scope - wider than any predecessor An invaluable resource for researchers, academics, students and professionals in the fields of: linguistics, anthropology, education, psychology, language acquisition, language pathology, cognitive science, sociology, the law, the media, medicine & computer science. The most authoritative, up-to-date, comprehensive, and international reference source in its field |
| ethiopia official languages afar: English-Afar Dictionary Enid M. Parker, 2006-01-01 |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Manual of Romance Languages in Africa Ursula Reutner, 2023-12-18 With more than two thousand languages spread over its territory, multilingualism is a common reality in Africa. The main official languages of most African countries are Indo-European, in many instances Romance. As they were primarily brought to Africa in the era of colonization, the areas discussed in this volume are thirty-five states that were once ruled by Belgium, France, Italy, Portugal, or Spain, and the African regions still belonging to three of them. Twenty-six states are presented in relation to French, four to Italian, six to Portuguese, and two to Spanish. They are considered in separate chapters according to their sociolinguistic situation, linguistic history, external language policy, linguistic characteristics, and internal language policy. The result is a comprehensive overview of the Romance languages in modern-day Africa. It follows a coherent structure, offers linguistic and sociolinguistic information, and illustrates language contact situations, power relations, as well as the cross-fertilization and mutual enrichment emerging from the interplay of languages and cultures in Africa. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Concise Amharic Dictionary Wolf Leslau, 1976 A language learning book that has taught and will continue to teach generations of Peace Corps volunteers, and other English-speaking students, workers, and visitors to Ethiopia.—Harold G. Marcus, author of A History of Ethiopia |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Nations without States James B. Minahan, 1996-01-19 Russians are suppressing the Chechen; Ibo nationalism may yet tear Nigeria apart. With the end of the Cold War, any of the world's stateless peoples could be in tomorrow's headlines. This book provides an essential guide to the stateless nations suppressed or ignored during the Cold War. In more than 200 national surveys, the volume highlights the historical, political, social, economic, and diplomatic evolution of many of the currently emerging nations without states. Including nations from all continents—from the Chechen in Eastern Europe, to the Ibo in Africa, and the Quebeckers in North America—the book addresses the current nationalist resurgence by focusing on the most basic element of any nationalism, the nation itself. The book provides the only source of concise information on stateless nations. Each entry includes the nation's name and alternative names, population statistics, information on major languages and religions, geographical information, independence declarations, information on the national flag, a brief sketch of the primary national group or groups, and a profile of the nation's history and national development to the present. A chronological appendix of declarations of independence helps to set the waves of nationalism in an historical context. A second appendix provides a geographic listing, by region and nation, of national organizations. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Historical Dictionary of Eritrea Dan Connell, Tom Killion, 2010-10-14 The history of Eritrea is told in this reference through a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and over 500 cross-referenced dictionary entries on significant persons, events, places, organizations, and other aspects of Eritrea's history from the earliest times to the present. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Eritrea. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Adams & Adams Practical Guide to Intellectual Property in Africa Adams & Adams, 2012 |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Women Entrepreneurs in Sub-Saharan Africa Marina Dabić, Léo-Paul Dana, Dina Modestus Nziku, Veland Ramadani, 2022-06-17 According to a 2018 World Bank report, Africa is the only region with more women than men choosing to become entrepreneurs – a phenomenon that is not the subject of adequate discussion. This book reveals the latest research-based understanding of the entrepreneurial activities of women in sub-Saharan Africa. Specially invited subject experts present salient dimensions of entrepreneurship by African women, from environmental factors to motivations and influencers as well as financial and non-financial constraints, and highlight the significant role of cultural differences. This book provides a mixture of theoretical, conceptual, and empirical research, and fills the knowledge gap by presenting a wide range of opportunities and challenges faced by sub-Saharan African women entrepreneurs. This book will help policy makers and academic researchers in understanding the role of institutions and entrepreneurship policy in building a thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem in the region. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: The World Factbook 2014- 15 United States. Central Intelligence Agency, Government Publications Office, 2015-06-02 In general, information available as of September 1, 2014 was used in the preparation of this edition. Provides brief information on the geography, people, government, economy, communications, and defense of countries and regions around the world. Contains information on international organizations. Designed to meet the specific requirements of United States Government Officials in style, format, coverage, and content. Includes 4 unattached maps, dated June 2012 and October 2012. The October 2012 map is of the world oceans. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Language, Literature, and Identity Kizitus Mpoche, Tennu Mbuh, 2006 |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Spaces of Multilingualism Robert Blackwood, Unn Røyneland, 2021-10-17 This innovative collection explores critical issues in understanding multilingualism as a defining dimension of identity creation and negotiation in contemporary social life. Reinforcing interdisciplinary conversations on these themes, each chapter is co-authored by two different researchers, often those who have not written together before. The combined effect is a volume showcasing unique and dynamic perspectives on such topics as rethinking of language policy, testing of language rights, language pedagogy, meaning-making, and activism in the linguistic landscape. The book explores multilingualism through the lenses of spaces and policies as embodied in Elizabeth Lanza’s body of work in the field, with a focus on the latest research on linguistic landscapes in diverse settings. Taken together, the book offers a window into better understanding issues around processes of change in and of languages and societies. This ground breaking volume will be of particular interest to students and scholars in multilingualism, applied linguistics, and sociolinguistics. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities Carl Skutsch, 2013-11-07 This study of minorities involves the difficult issues of rights, justice, equality, dignity, identity, autonomy, political liberties, and cultural freedoms. The A-Z Encyclopedia presents the facts, arguments, and areas of contention in over 560 entries in a clear, objective manner. For a full list of entries, contributors, and more, visit the Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities website. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: The CIA World Factbook 2019-2020 Central Intelligence Agency, 2019-06-18 The ultimate, comprehensive guide to country-by-country statistics around the world. From Afghanistan to Zimbabwe, The CIA World Factbook 2019-2020 offers complete and up-to-date information on the world's nations. This comprehensive guide is packed with data on the politics, populations, military expenditures, and economics of 2019. For each country, The CIA World Factbook 2019-2020 includes: Detailed maps with new geopolitical data Statistics on the population of each country, with details on literacy rates, HIV prevalence, and age structure New data on military expenditures and capabilities Information on each country's climate and natural hazards Details on prominent political parties and contact information for diplomatic consultation Facts on transportation and communication infrastructure Also included are appendixes with useful abbreviations, international environmental agreements, international organizations and groups, weight and measure conversions, and more. Originally intended for use by government officials, this is a must-have resource for students, travelers, journalists, and business people with a desire to know more about their world. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Miniature Empires James Minahan, 2013-12-16 The 20th century's most protracted conflict, the Cold War, also provided the longest and most stable peace in the history of the modern world--a fragile peace that came at the price of national freedom for many people. With the demise of the Cold War, new nearly-unknown countries, long ignored or suppressed, came to the attention of the world, as ethnic and national conflicts, rooted in the multi-ethnic populations of the newly independent states, emerged. From Bosnia-Herzegovina and Macedonia to Eritrea and Uzbekistan, Miniature Empires provides an essential guide to the states recognized since 1989 and the nations that dwell within their borders. Miniature Empires is the first reference book to address the post-Cold War nationalist resurgence by focusing on the nations within the new nation-states--both the core nationalities and the national minorities. Each article highlights the historical, political, social, and economic evolution of the new nations. Outstanding Academic Book |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Encyclopedia of Christianity in the Global South Mark A. Lamport, 2018-06-01 Christianity has transformed many times in its 2,000-year history, from its roots in the Middle East to its presence around the world today. From the mid-twentieth century onward the presence of Christianity has increased dramatically in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and the majority of the world’s Christians are now nonwhite and non-Western. The Encyclopedia of Christianity in the Global South traces both the historical evolution and contemporary themes in Christianity in more than 150 countries and regions. The volumes include maps, images, and a detailed timeline of key events. The phrases “Global Christianity” and “World Christianity” are inadequate to convey the complexity of the countries and regions involved—this encyclopedia, with its more than 500 entries, aims to offer rich perspectives on the varieties of Christianity where it is growing, how the spread of Christianity shapes the faith in various regions, and how the faith is changing worldwide. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Handbook of Literacy in Africa R. Malatesha Joshi, 2023 This volume highlights the shortcomings concerning literacy development in Africa and collates the current available literature based on empirical research in various countries in a coherent manner. Further emphasized is how the current research can guide practical information to improve the literacy situation in Africa. The research studies will encompass various fields such as linguistics, neurosciences, and education and will provide future research directions and instructional recommendations to improve the literacy situation in Africa. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Snapshot of Past and Present Historical Events in African Countries Funso E. Oluyitan Ed.D. Ph.D., 2019-04-17 In this book you will read about the 57 African countries. The history of each country begins with the original settlers followed by the European invasion and rule. You will read about the countries’ struggle for independence, indigenous governments after independence, the emergence of military governments, followed by democracy as practiced in Africa today. The snapshot of each country is written in less than 1000 words. Enjoy the reading. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Eurasian Empires as Blueprints for Ethiopia Asnake Kefale, Tomasz Kamusella, Christophe Van der Beken, 2021-02-17 This book is a contribution to the global history of the transfer of political ideas, as exemplified by the case of modern Ethiopia. Like many non-European nation-states, Ethiopia adopted a western model of statehood, that is, the nation-state. Unlike the postcolonial polities that have retained the mode of statehood imposed on them by their colonial powers, Ethiopia was never successfully colonized leaving its ruling elite free to select a model of ‘modern’ (western) statehood. In 1931, via Japan, they adopted the model of unitary, ethnolinguistically homogenous nation-state, in turn copied by Tokyo in 1889 from the German Empire (founded in 1871). Following the Ethiopian Revolution (1974) that overthrew the imperial system, the new revolutionary elite promised to address the ‘nationality question’ through the marxist-leninist model. The Soviet model of ethnolinguistic federalism (originally derived from Austria-Hungary) was introduced in Ethiopia, first in 1992 and officially with the 1995 Constitution. To this day the politics of modern Ethiopia is marked by the tension between these two opposed models of the essentially central European type of statehood. The late 19th-century ‘German-German’ quarrel on the ‘proper’ model of national statehood for Germany – or more broadly, modern central Europe – remains the quarrel of Ethiopian politics nowadays. The book will be useful for scholars of Ethiopian and African history and politics, and also offers a case in comparative studies on the subject of different models of national statehood elsewhere. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Indigenous Peoples [4 volumes] Victoria R. Williams, 2020-02-24 The book is an essential resource for those interested in investigating the lives, histories, and futures of indigenous peoples around the world. Perfect for readers looking to learn more about cultural groups around the world, this four-volume work examines approximately 400 indigenous groups globally. The encyclopedia investigates the history, social structure, and culture of peoples from all corners of the world, including their role in the world, their politics, and their customs and traditions. Alphabetically arranged entries focus on groups living in all world regions, some of which are well-known with large populations, and others that are lesser-known with only a handful of surviving members. Each entry includes sections on the group's geography and environment; history and politics; society, culture, and tradition; access to health care and education; and threats to survival. Each entry concludes with See Also cross-references and a list of Further Reading resources to guide readers in their research. Also included in the encyclopedia are Native Voices inset boxes, allowing readers a glimpse into the daily lives of members of these indigenous groups, as well as an appendix featuring the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Encyclopedia of African Peoples The Diagram Group,, 2013-11-26 Africa is a vast continent, home to many millions of people. Its history stretches back millennia and encompasses some of the most ancient civilizations in the world. Modern Africa boasts a rich cultural heritage, the legacy of many diverse influences from all around the world, reflecting the central role African plays in world history. Encyclopedia of African Peoples provides extensive information about Africa's cultures, history, geography, economics, and politics; it provides an invaluable overview of the whole continent, region by region, ethnic group by ethnic group, nation by nation, personality by personality. Sections include: *Africa Today * The Peoples of Africa * Culture and History * The Nations of Africa * Biographies Past to Present * Glossary * Index. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Sociolinguistics / Soziolinguistik. Volume 3 Ulrich Ammon, Norbert Dittmar, Klaus J. Mattheier, Peter Trudgill, 2008-07-14 No detailed description available for SOCIOLINGUISTICS (AMMON) 3.TLBD HSK 3.3 2A E-BOOK. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Mosby's Pocket Guide to Cultural Health Assessment Carolyn D'Avanzo, 2007-11-19 - A streamlined and concise format with thumb tabs dividing each section makes this pocket guide the perfect quick reference tool. - Thoroughly updated content includes new country names and their demographics, patient data, health care practices, and other cultural implications that affect care of today's culturally diverse patient population. - New international contributors bring together a wealth of information on the specifics of care for patients from over 170 countries. - Includes more historical and political information for each country to provide current background information. - Increased emphasis on how a population appears in the worldview and how their religion affect decision-making gives you a fuller perspective on each country's culture. - More information on naturalistic healing and practices helps you treat patients from a variety of backgrounds. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: An Introduction to the Languages of the World Anatole Lyovin, Brett Kessler, William Leben, 2016-12-01 Unique in scope, An Introduction to the Languages of the World introduces linguistics students to the variety of world's languages. Students will gain familiarity with concepts such as sound change, lexical borrowing, diglossia, and language diffusion, and the rich variety of linguistic structure in word order, morphological types, grammatical relations, gender, inflection, and derivation. It offers the opportunity to explore structures of varying and fascinating languages even with no prior acquaintance. A chapter is devoted to each of the world's continents, with in-depth analyses of representative languages of Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania, and America, and separate chapters cover writing systems and pidgins and creoles. Each chapter contains exercises and recommendations for further reading. New to this edition are eleven original maps as well as sections on sign languages and language death and revitalization. For greater readability, basic language facts are now organized in tables, and language samples follow international standards for phonetic transcription and word-by-word glossing. There is an instructor's manual available for registered instructors on the book's companion website. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Africa on a Shoestring , 2004 |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Transnational Communication and Identity Construction in Diaspora Merga Yonas Bula, 2024-01-15 The study was sparked by the absence of literature on transnational masspersonal communication (tmc) of ‘Eritrean’, ‘Ethiopian’, Oromo, and Somali diaspora communities. To bridge this theoretical gap, an empirical study was conducted at meso-level based on three questions: (a) what topics do people in the diaspora communities discuss in relation to their homelands via social media – an alternative for tmc; (b) how do they communicate about their homelands’ issues in relation to their collective identities; and (c) how does this communication enable the construction of their own identity as well as the deconstruction of competing identities. The theoretical analysis from the perspective of these questions led to developing own model, i.e., the Diasporic Identity Construction in Transnational Masspersonal Communication Model (DICTMCM). This model, which connects the theoretical analysis to the empirical study, argues that their communication in relation to their homelands, particularly about their collective identities, consists not only of what they talk but also of how they converse. As a result, the empirical results delivered a comparative analysis of the tmc of these four diaspora communities and how they construct their collective identities via this tmc, which bridged the above stated gap. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Africa 2013 J. Tyler Dickovick, 2013-08-28 The World Today Series: Africa provides necessary information on all the countries on the African continent, providing an overview of political and economic histories, current events, and emerging trends. Published annually, this work covers the latest changes and news in African affairs. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Africa 2012 Tyler Dickovick, 2012-08 The World Today Series: Africa provides necessary information on all the countries on the African continent, providing an overview of political and economic histories, current events, and emerging trends. Published annually, this work covers the latest changes and news in African affairs. Each country is examined in terms of several categories: Basic Facts, Land and People, The Past: Political and Economic History, The Present: Contemporary Issues, and The Future. In addition to country chapters, the book features extended essays on Africa's Historical Background and The Colonial Period, as well a new essay this year on Africa in 2012. With its combination of factual accuracy and detail set alongside informed projections about the future of Africa's many diverse and distinctive countries, the book is designed as an authoritative resource for students, researchers, practitioners in international development, media, government officials, and potential investors. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Exploring the Possibilities for the Emergence of a Single and Global Native Language Fritz Dufour, Linguist, MBA, DESS, 2017-11-09 This book is a look into the possibilities for the emergence of a single and universal native language by taking into consideration the common denominator that characterizes all spoken languages: sounds. This book describes the acquisition of language in terms of speech, its use, and its development or evolution. The hypothesis of a monolingual world is supported by strong arguments, facts, and theories. This is both a descriptive and a prescriptive approach in the sens that not only Mr. Dufour portrays the current linguistic status quo as it is, but also, he prescribes a way to go about making our planet monolingual through a detailed awareness campaign plan and practical views likely to help us achieve that goal if followed properly. His approach is a novel one and is commendable. This is a reference book, definitely one to read, whether you're a linguist or not. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Peoples of Africa , 2001 A reference guide to the peoples of Africa, including both indigenous and immigrant groups, featuring individual entries on each of sixty African nations, with discussion of religion, housing, clothing, language, health and education, food, family and social life, arts, and music. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Africa 2023–2024 Francis Wiafe-Amoako, 2023-08-14 The World Today Series: Africa provides students with vital information on all countries on the African continent through a thorough and expert overview of political and economic histories, current events, and emerging trends. Each country is examined through the following sections: Basic Facts; Land and People; The Past: Political and Economic History; The Present: Contemporary Issues; and The Future. In addition to country chapters, the book features extended essays on Africa’s Historical Background and the Colonial Period. The combination of factual accuracy and up-to-date detail along with its informed projections make this an outstanding resource for researchers, practitioners in international development, media professionals, government officials, potential investors and students. The content is thorough yet perfect for a one-semester introductory course or general library reference. Available in both print and e-book formats and priced low to fit student and library budgets. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Africa 2020-2022 Francis Wiafe-Amoako, 2021-09-15 The World Today Series: Africa provides students with vital information on all countries on the African continent through a thorough and expert overview of political and economic histories, current events, and emerging trends. Each country is examined through the following sections: Basic Facts; Land and People; The Past: Political and Economic History; The Present: Contemporary Issues; and The Future. In addition to country chapters, the book features extended essays on Africa’s Historical Background and the Colonial Period. The combination of factual accuracy and up-to-date detail along with its informed projections make this an outstanding resource for researchers, practitioners in international development, media professionals, government officials, potential investors and students. The content is thorough yet perfect for a one-semester introductory course or general library reference. Available in both print and e-book formats and priced low to fit student and library budgets. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Africa 2022-2023 Francis Wiafe-Amoako, 2022-08-15 The World Today Series: Africa provides students with vital information on all countries on the African continent through a thorough and expert overview of political and economic histories, current events, and emerging trends. Each country is examined through the following sections: Basic Facts; Land and People; The Past: Political and Economic History; The Present: Contemporary Issues; and The Future. In addition to country chapters, the book features extended essays on Africa’s Historical Background and the Colonial Period. The combination of factual accuracy and up-to-date detail along with its informed projections make this an outstanding resource for researchers, practitioners in international development, media professionals, government officials, potential investors and students. The content is thorough yet perfect for a one-semester introductory course or general library reference. Available in both print and e-book formats and priced low to fit student and library budgets. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Encyclopedia of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education Colin Baker, Sylvia Prys Jones, 1998 This encyclopedia is divided into three sections: individual bilingualism; bilingualism in society and bilingual education. It includes many pictures, graphs, maps and diagrams. The book concludes with a comprehensive bibliography on bilingualism. |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Operation World Patrick Johnstone, 1993 |
| ethiopia official languages afar: Africa 2019-2020 , 2019-09-25 The World Today Series: Africa provides students with vital information on all countries on the African continent through a thorough and expert overview of political and economic histories, current events, and emerging trends. Each country is examined through the following sections: Basic Facts; Land and People; The Past: Political and Economic History; The Present: Contemporary Issues; and The Future. In addition to country chapters, the book features extended essays on Africa’s Historical Background and the Colonial Period. The combination of factual accuracy and up-to-date detail along with its informed projections make this an outstanding resource for researchers, practitioners in international development, media professionals, government officials, potential investors and students. The content is thorough yet perfect for a one-semester introductory course or general library reference. Available in both print and e-book formats and priced low to fit student and library budgets. |
r/Ethiopia - Reddit
r/Ethiopia: A subreddit for anything related to Ethiopia! Ethiopian History, Politics, Culture, Photographs, Buna, Injera, Wildlife, Discussion.
Guide for holding Ethiopia : r/hoi4 - Reddit
Oct 5, 2022 · Strategy for holding as Ethiopia (thanks to Bitt3rSteel for this, it is not my idea): Separate your units into irregulars and infantry/mountaineers Your irregulars will hold a three …
For anyone struggling in Ethopia as Italy, try building this ... - Reddit
You can capitulate Ethiopia before they board the train, making sure you don't get any stability penalties or high resistance. you do indeed just need to build the railroad, motorize your …
When is EU5 coming out? : r/eu4 - Reddit
The other reason is that the central focus of the story (perhaps I should have left in the 200 word summary) was how a seemingly insignificant event that occurs during the EU4 timeframe, i.e. …
r/technology - Reddit
r/technology: Subreddit dedicated to the news and discussions about the creation and use of technology and its surrounding issues.
Whats the best streaming site for football : r/Piracy - Reddit
Sep 1, 2022 · The goal of /r/Movies is to provide an inclusive place for discussions and news about films with major releases.
Real African Curves - Reddit
r/africanbootymeat: Appreciating women with amazing curves from the continent of Africa, regardless of race or ethnicity.
Which is the current optimal combat width and why? : r/hoi4
Defensively, almost anything works as long as you have good reinforce rate to cycle divisions. It's usually better to have more fielded division in general to not leave any gaps in the frontline …
r/Ethiopia - Reddit
r/Ethiopia: A subreddit for anything related to Ethiopia! Ethiopian History, Politics, Culture, Photographs, Buna, Injera, Wildlife, Discussion.
Guide for holding Ethiopia : r/hoi4 - Reddit
Oct 5, 2022 · Strategy for holding as Ethiopia (thanks to Bitt3rSteel for this, it is not my idea): Separate your units into irregulars and infantry/mountaineers Your irregulars will hold a three …
For anyone struggling in Ethopia as Italy, try building this ... - Reddit
You can capitulate Ethiopia before they board the train, making sure you don't get any stability penalties or high resistance. you do indeed just need to build the railroad, motorize your african …
When is EU5 coming out? : r/eu4 - Reddit
The other reason is that the central focus of the story (perhaps I should have left in the 200 word summary) was how a seemingly insignificant event that occurs during the EU4 timeframe, i.e. …
r/technology - Reddit
r/technology: Subreddit dedicated to the news and discussions about the creation and use of technology and its surrounding issues.
Whats the best streaming site for football : r/Piracy - Reddit
Sep 1, 2022 · The goal of /r/Movies is to provide an inclusive place for discussions and news about films with major releases.
Real African Curves - Reddit
r/africanbootymeat: Appreciating women with amazing curves from the continent of Africa, regardless of race or ethnicity.
Which is the current optimal combat width and why? : r/hoi4
Defensively, almost anything works as long as you have good reinforce rate to cycle divisions. It's usually better to have more fielded division in general to not leave any gaps in the frontline …
