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| delta data 4 stfc answer: Looking Inside Jets Simone Marzani, Gregory Soyez, Michael Spannowsky, 2019-05-11 This concise primer reviews the latest developments in the field of jets. Jets are collinear sprays of hadrons produced in very high-energy collisions, e.g. at the LHC or at a future hadron collider. They are essential to and ubiquitous in experimental analyses, making their study crucial. At present LHC energies and beyond, massive particles around the electroweak scale are frequently produced with transverse momenta that are much larger than their mass, i.e., boosted. The decay products of such boosted massive objects tend to occupy only a relatively small and confined area of the detector and are observed as a single jet. Jets hence arise from many different sources and it is important to be able to distinguish the rare events with boosted resonances from the large backgrounds originating from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). This requires familiarity with the internal properties of jets, such as their different radiation patterns, a field broadly known as jet substructure. This set of notes begins by providing a phenomenological motivation, explaining why the study of jets and their substructure is of particular importance for the current and future program of the LHC, followed by a brief but insightful introduction to QCD and to hadron-collider phenomenology. The next section introduces jets as complex objects constructed from a sequential recombination algorithm. In this context some experimental aspects are also reviewed. Since jet substructure calculations are multi-scale problems that call for all-order treatments (resummations), the bases of such calculations are discussed for simple jet quantities. With these QCD and jet physics ingredients in hand, readers can then dig into jet substructure itself. Accordingly, these notes first highlight the main concepts behind substructure techniques and introduce a list of the main jet substructure tools that have been used over the past decade. Analytic calculations are then provided for several families of tools, the goal being to identify their key characteristics. In closing, the book provides an overview of LHC searches and measurements where jet substructure techniques are used, reviews the main take-home messages, and outlines future perspectives. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Materials and Processes Barrie D. Dunn, 2015-12-29 The objective of this book is to assist scientists and engineers select the ideal material or manufacturing process for particular applications; these could cover a wide range of fields, from light-weight structures to electronic hardware. The book will help in problem solving as it also presents more than 100 case studies and failure investigations from the space sector that can, by analogy, be applied to other industries. Difficult-to-find material data is included for reference. The sciences of metallic (primarily) and organic materials presented throughout the book demonstrate how they can be applied as an integral part of spacecraft product assurance schemes, which involve quality, material and processes evaluations, and the selection of mechanical and component parts. In this successor edition, which has been revised and updated, engineering problems associated with critical spacecraft hardware and the space environment are highlighted by over 500 illustrations including micrographs and fractographs. Space hardware captured by astronauts and returned to Earth from long durations in space are examined. Information detailed in the Handbook is applicable to general terrestrial applications including consumer electronics as well as high reliability systems associated with aeronautics, medical equipment and ground transportation. This Handbook is also directed to those involved in maximizing the relia bility of new materials and processes for space technology and space engineering. It will be invaluable to engineers concerned with the construction of advanced structures or mechanical and electronic sub-systems. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Cosmic Rays and Particle Physics Thomas K. Gaisser, 1990 Over recent years there has been marked growth in interest in the study of techniques of cosmic ray physics by astrophysicists and particle physicists. Cosmic radiation is important for the astrophysicist because in the farther reaches of the universe. For particle physicists, it provides the opportunity to study neutrinos and very high energy particles of galactic origin. More importantly, cosmic rays constitue the background, and in some cases possibly the signal, for the more exotic unconfirmed hypothesized particles such as monopoles and sparticles. Concentrating on the highest energy cosmic rays, this book describes where they originate, acquire energy, and interact, in accreting neutron stars, supernova remnants, in large-scale shock waves. It also describes their interactions in the atmosphere and in the earth, how they are studied in surface and very large underground detectors, and what they tell us. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Danny Dunn and the Anti-Gravity Paint Jay Williams, Raymond Abrashkin, 2014-11-15 Through a mishap in Professor Bulfinch's laboratory, Danny accidentally creates an anti-gravity paint. The natural use, of course, is for a spaceship -- the paint can replace rockets to get the ship into space. Unfortunately, the spaceship is launched prematurely after Danny and Joe follow Professor Bulfinch and Dr. Grimes on a tour of the ship. A mechanical failure dooms the four to a one-way trip out of the Solar System -- unless they can repair the spaceship in time! This is the first of the 15-volume Danny Dunn series and features the original cover by acclaimed artist Ezra Jack Keats. Look for Danny Dunn on a Desert Island, the second volume of the series, coming soon from Wildside Press! |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Spin-Wave Theory and Its Applications to Neutron Scattering and THz Spectroscopy Fishman Randy S, 2018 |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: InfoWorld , 1980-09-15 InfoWorld is targeted to Senior IT professionals. Content is segmented into Channels and Topic Centers. InfoWorld also celebrates people, companies, and projects. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: The Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the Muon Fred Jegerlehner, 2008 This book reviews the present state of knowledge of the anomalous magnetic moment a=(g-2)/2 of the muon. The muon anomalous magnetic moment is one of the most precisely measured quantities in elementary particle physics and provides one of the most stringent tests of relativistic quantum field theory as a fundamental theoretical framework. It allows for an extremely precise check of the standard model of elementary particles and of its limitations. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Yearbook on Space Policy 2008/2009 Kai-Uwe Schrogl, Blandina Baranes, Christophe Venet, Wolfgang Rathgeber, 2011-02-02 The Yearbook on Space Policy aims to be the reference publication analysing space policy developments. Each year it presents issues and trends in space policy and the space sector as a whole. Its scope is global and its perspective is European. The Yearbook also links space policy with other policy areas. It highlights specific events and issues, and provides useful insights, data and information on space activities. The Yearbook on Space Policy is edited by the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI) based in Vienna, Austria. It combines in-house research and contributions of members of the European Space Policy Research and Academic Network (ESPRAN), coordinated by ESPI. The Yearbook is designed for government decision-makers and agencies, industry professionals, as well as the service sectors, researchers and scientists and the interested public. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Metadata and Semantics Miguel-Angel Sicilia, Miltiadis D. Lytras, 2008-10-13 This is an edited volume based on the 2007 Conference on Metadata and Semantics Research (MTSR), now in its second meeting. Metadata research is a pluri-disciplinary field that encompasses all aspects of the definition, creation, assessment, management and use of metadata. The volume brings together world class leaders to contribute their research and up-to-date information on metadata and semantics applied to library management, e-commerce, e-business, information science and librarianship, to name a few. The book is designed for a professional audience composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: When the Sparrow Falls Neil Sharpson, 2022-05-10 Life in the Caspian Republic has taught Agent Nikolai South two rules. Trust No One. And work just hard enough not to make enemies. Here, in the last sanctuary for the dying embers of the human race in a world run by artificial intelligence, if you stray from the path - your life is forfeit. But when a Party propagandist is killed - and is discovered as a 'machine'--he's given a new mission: chaperone the widow, Lily, who has arrived to claim her husband's remains. But when South sees that she, the first 'machine' ever allowed into the country, bears an uncanny resemblance to his late wife, he's thrown into a maelstrom of betrayal, murder, and conspiracy that may bring down the Republic for good. WHEN THE SPARROW FALLS illuminates authoritarianism, complicity, and identity in the digital age, in a page turning, darkly-funny, frightening and touching story that recalls Philip K. Dick, John le Carre and Kurt Vonnegut in equal measure-- |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: New Views of the Moon Bradley L. Jolliff, Mark A. Wieczorek, Charles K. Shearer, Clive R. Neal, 2018-12-17 Volume 60 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry assesses the current state of knowledge of lunar geoscience, given the data sets provided by missions of the 1990's, and lists remaining key questions as well as new ones for future exploration to address. It documents how a planet or moon other than the world on which we live can be studied and understood in light of integrated suites of specific kinds of information. The Moon is the only body other than Earth for which we have material samples of known geologic context for study. This volume seeks to show how the different kinds of information gained about the Moon relate to each other and also to learn from this experience, thus allowing more efficient planning for the exploration of other worlds. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Asteroseismology and Exoplanets: Listening to the Stars and Searching for New Worlds Tiago L. Campante, Nuno C. Santos, Mário J. P. F. G. Monteiro, 2017-11-03 This book presents the proceedings of the IVth Azores International Advanced School in Space Sciences entitled Asteroseismology and Exoplanets: Listening to the Stars and Searching for New Worlds. The school addressed the topics at the forefront of scientific research being conducted in the fields of asteroseismology and exoplanetary science, two fields of modern astrophysics that share many synergies and resources. These proceedings comprise the contributions from 18 invited lecturers, including both monographic presentations and a number of hands-on tutorials. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Molecular Gels Richard G Weiss, 2018-08-06 An authoritative resource covering the latest developments in different types of gels. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Outlines of Astronomy John Frederick William Herschel, 1851 |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory Carsten Ullrich, 2012 Time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) is a quantum mechanical approach for the dynamical properties of electrons in matter. It's widely used in (bio)chemistry and physics to calculate molecular excitation energies and optical properties of materials. This is the first graduate-level text on the formal framework and applications of TDDFT. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: The Autobiography of James T. Kirk David A. Goodman, 2016-07-05 The Autobiography of James T. Kirk chronicles the greatest Starfleet captain's life (2233-2371), in his own words, complete with illustrations and exclusive art. It is the first officially produced in-universe biography of the legendary and iconic Star Trek character, Captain Kirk, as played by William Shatner. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Elementary Scattering Theory D.S. Sivia, 2011-01-06 This book provides the basic theoretical background for X-ray and neutron scattering experiments. Since these techniques are increasingly being used by biologists and chemists, as well as physicists, the book is intended to be accessible to a broad spectrum of scientists. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: CeDEM14 Parycek, Peter, Edelmann, Noella, 2014 |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: The Modern Technology of Radiation Oncology Jake Van Dyk, 1999 Details technology associated with radiation oncology, emphasizing design of all equipment allied with radiation treatment. Describes procedures required to implement equipment in clinical service, covering needs assessment, purchase, acceptance, and commissioning, and explains quality assurance issues. Also addresses less common and evolving technologies. For medical physicists and radiation oncologists, as well as radiation therapists, dosimetrists, and engineering technologists. Includes bandw medical images and photos of equipment. Paper edition (unseen), $145.95. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: EqualBITE , 2017-11-01 “The ivory tower, like other stately homes in the UK, might present a grand façade to the world but closer inspection reveals a dark, spidery basement full of inequalities.” Gender imbalances still exist across all areas of higher education. From salaries and promotion, to representation in the curriculum, formal approaches and good intentions rarely address the full complexity. EqualBITE digs into the messy reality of higher education gender issues, presenting people’s stories, experiences and frustrations and – more importantly – what can be done. University of Edinburgh students and staff share real-life experiences of gender challenges and opportunities, and their constructive responses. The book condenses current academic research into practical actions that do make a difference. EqualBITE is a pragmatic and positive response to gender issues in academia – a catalyst for creating a culture which is better for everyone. “We were so pleased to see this new guide to one aspect of diversity—gender equality—and to see how good it is: the book is comprehensive; it is raw, honest and personal; and it is very well written. It is a book both for reading cover-to-cover and for dipping into, and it will be enormously influential.” – Jim Smith Director of Science, Wellcome Trust & Gemma Tracey Diversity & Inclusion Programme Manager – Science & Research, Wellcome Trust “The balance between data and lived experience equip the reader with the vital understanding of the depth of institutionalised inequality...This is recommended reading for anyone working in higher education who truly wants to create a fairer culture of women.” – Talat Yaqoob Director, Equate Scotland “I really enjoyed reading the recipes - they combine humour with practical advice on how to tackle important gender issues.” – Fiona Watt Vice-Dean Research and Impact, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Full Circle Kirsten Beyer, 2009-03-31 Following the events of the unforgettable Star Trek crossover trilogy Destiny, the new captain of the USS Voyager embarks on a dangerous mission that is paved with blood and haunted by ghosts of the past. When the USS Voyager is dispatched on an urgent mission to the planet Kerovi, Captain Chakotay and his first officer, Commander Thomas Paris, must choose between following their orders and saving the lives of two of those dearest to them. B’Elanna Torres and her daughter, Miral, are both missing in the wake of a brutal attack on the Klingon world of Boreth. With the aid of their former captain, Admiral Kathryn Janeway—as well as many old friends and new allies—the crew must unravel an ancient mystery, placing themselves between two warrior sects battling for the soul of the Klingon people...while the life of Miral hangs in the balance. But these events and their repercussions are merely the prelude to even darker days to come. As Voyager is drawn into a desperate struggle to prevent the annihilation of the Federation, lives are shattered, and the bonds that were forged in the Delta Quadrant are challenged in ways that none could have imagined. For though destiny has dealt them crushing blows, Voyager’s crew must rise to face their future...and begin a perilous journey in which the wheel of fate comes full circle. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Synchrotron Light Sources and Free-Electron Lasers Eberhard J. Jaeschke, Shaukat Khan, Jochen R. Schneider, Jerome B. Hastings, 2016-05-27 Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Behavioral Aspects of Epilepsy Gregory L. Holmes, MD, Steven C. Shachter, MD, Dorothee GA Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite, MD MPH, 2007-10-15 The field of epilepsy and behavior has grown considerably in the past number of years, reflecting advances in the laboratory and clinic. Behavioral Aspects of Epilepsy: Principles and Practice is the definitive text on epilepsy behavioral issues, from basic science to clinical applications, for all neurologists, psychosocial specialists, and researchers in the fields of epilepsy, neuroscience, and psychology/psychiatry. Behavioral aspects of epilepsy include a patient's experiences during seizures, his or her reaction during and between seizures, the frequency of episodes and what can be determined from the number of seizures. With contributions by dozens of leading international experts, this is the only book to cover all aspects of this critical emerging science. Adult and pediatric patients, animal models, and epilepsy surgery and its effects are all covered in detail. Behavioral Aspects of Epilepsy is the only source for up-to-date information on a topic that has significant and growing interest in the medical community. This comprehensive, authoritative text has a bench to bedside, approach that covers: The mechanisms underlying epilepsy and behavior Neurophysiologic function Neuropsychiatric and behavioral disorders in patients with epilepsy The effects of treatments and surgery on behavior Pediatric and adolescent epilepsy Disorders associated with epilepsy that impact behavior And much more |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: The Good That Men Do Andy Mangels, Michael A. Martin, 2007-02-27 Pax Galactica. Enemies become allies. Old secrets are at last revealed. Long-held beliefs and widely accepted truths are challenged. Man turns to leisurely pursuits. In this golden age, two old friends are drawn together. They seek to understand, and wonder how what they have long believed, what they have been taught, was never so. Over two hundred years ago, the life of one of Starfleet's earliest pioneers came to a tragic end, and Captain Jonathan Archer, the legendary commander of Earth's first warp-five starship, lost a close friend. Or so it seemed for many years. But with the passage of time, and the declassification of certain crucial files, the truth about that fateful day -- the day that Commander Charles Trip Tucker III didn't die -- could finally be revealed. Why did Starfleet feel it was necessary to rewrite history? And why only now can the truth be told? |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Relativistic Cosmology George F. R. Ellis, Roy Maartens, Malcolm A. H. MacCallum, 2012-03-22 Surveying key developments and open issues in cosmology for graduate students and researchers, this book focuses on the general concepts and relations that underpin the standard model of the Universe. It also examines anisotropic and inhomogeneous models, and deeper issues, such as quantum cosmology and the multiverse proposal. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: High-Field Science Toshiki Tajima, Kunioki Mima, Hector Baldis, 2001-03-31 High Field Science is a proceedings volume from a meeting at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, and contains papers from the top experts in the fields of ultraintense laser technology, laser fusion energy, high energy laser electron acceleration, bright X-ray sources by lasers, laboratory laser astrophysics, and applications to relativity, high density and high energy physics. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Modern Tools for Time-Resolved Luminescence Biosensing and Imaging , 2021-09-01 |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Submerged Landscapes of the European Continental Shelf Nicholas C. Flemming, Jan Harff, Delminda Moura, Anthony Burgess, Geoffrey N. Bailey, 2017-08-07 Quaternary Paleoenvironments examines the drowned landscapes exposed as extensive and attractive territory for prehistoric human settlement during the Ice Ages of the Pleistocene, when sea levels dropped to 120m-135m below their current levels. This volume provides an overview of the geological, geomorphological, climatic and sea-level history of the European continental shelf as a whole, as well as a series of detailed regional reviews for each of the major sea basins. The nature and variable attractions of the landscapes and resources available for human exploitation are examined, as are the conditions under which archaeological sites and landscape features are likely to have been preserved, destroyed or buried by sediment during sea-level rise. The authors also discuss the extent to which we can predict where to look for drowned landscapes with the greatest chance of success, with frequent reference to examples of preserved prehistoric sites in different submerged environments. Quaternary Paleoenvironments will be of interest to archaeologists, geologists, marine scientists, palaeoanthropologists, cultural heritage managers, geographers, and all those with an interest in the drowned landscapes of the continental shelf. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Photometric Calibrations Robert L. Booker, Donald A. McSparron, 1987 |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Planetary Geology Claudio Vita-Finzi, Dominic Fortes, 2014 Recent planetary missions by NASA, the European Space Agency, and other national agencies have reaffirmed that the geological processes which are familiar from our studies of Earth also operate on many solid planets and satellites. Common threads link the internal structure, thermal evolution, and surface character of both rocky and icy worlds. Volcanoes, impact craters, ice caps, dunes, rift valleys, rivers, and oceans are features of extra-terrestrial worlds as diverse as Mercury and Titan. The new data reveal that many of the supposedly inert planetary bodies were recently subject to earthquakes, landslides, and climate change and that some of them display active volcanism. Moreover, our understanding of the very origins of the solar system depends heavily on the composition of meteorites from Mars reaching the Earth and of rock fragments found on the Moon. Planetary Geology provides the student reader and enthusiastic amateur with comprehensive coverage of the solar system viewed through the eyes of Earth scientists. Combining extensive use of imagery, the results of laboratory experiments, and theoretical modeling, this comprehensively updated second edition (previously published in paperback and now available in hardback) presents fresh evidence that, to quote the first edition, planetary geology now embraces conventional geology and vice versa. *** . . . a much improved version of what was already a good book. The new text is some 20 percent longer . . . color illustrations have been dispersed throughout . . . and the information presented is brought right up to the minute with numerous injections of new scientific results from the many space missions that have been conducted since the first edition appeared. Recommended. - Choice, Vol. 51, No. 07, March 2014~ |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Astrophysics Of Gas Nebulae and Active Galactic Nuclei Donald E. Osterbrock, Gary J. Ferland, 2006 Thoroughly revised and expanded throughout, the new edition is a graduate-level text and reference book on gaseous nebulae, nova and supernova remnants. Much of the new data and new images are from the Hubble Space Telescope with two wholly new chapters being added along with other new features. The previous edition which was tried and tested for thirty years has now been succeeded by a revised, updated, larger edition, which will be valuable to anyone seriously interested in astrophysics. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Automatic Solar Tracking Sun Tracking Satellite Tracking rastreador solar seguimento solar seguidor solar automático de seguimiento solar Gerro Prinsloo, Robert Dobson, 2015-11-01 Automatic Solar Tracking Sun Tracking : This book details Automatic Solar-Tracking, Sun-Tracking-Systems, Solar-Trackers and Sun Tracker Systems. An intelligent automatic solar tracker is a device that orients a payload toward the sun. Such programmable computer based solar tracking device includes principles of solar tracking, solar tracking systems, as well as microcontroller, microprocessor and/or PC based solar tracking control to orientate solar reflectors, solar lenses, photovoltaic panels or other optical configurations towards the sun. Motorized space frames and kinematic systems ensure motion dynamics and employ drive technology and gearing principles to steer optical configurations such as mangin, parabolic, conic, or cassegrain solar energy collectors to face the sun and follow the sun movement contour continuously (seguimiento solar y automatización, automatización seguidor solar, tracking solar e automação, automação seguidor solar, inseguimento solare, inseguitore solare, energia termica, sole seguito, posizionatore motorizzato) In harnessing power from the sun through a solar tracker or practical solar tracking system, renewable energy control automation systems require automatic solar tracking software and solar position algorithms to accomplish dynamic motion control with control automation architecture, circuit boards and hardware. On-axis sun tracking system such as the altitude-azimuth dual axis or multi-axis solar tracker systems use a sun tracking algorithm or ray tracing sensors or software to ensure the sun's passage through the sky is traced with high precision in automated solar tracker applications, right through summer solstice, solar equinox and winter solstice. A high precision sun position calculator or sun position algorithm is this an important step in the design and construction of an automatic solar tracking system. The content of the book is also applicable to communication antenna satellite tracking and moon tracking algorithm source code for which links to free download links are provided. From sun tracing software perspective, the sonnet Tracing The Sun has a literal meaning. Within the context of sun track and trace, this book explains that the sun's daily path across the sky is directed by relatively simple principles, and if grasped/understood, then it is relatively easy to trace the sun with sun following software. Sun position computer software for tracing the sun are available as open source code, sources that is listed in this book. The book also describes the use of satellite tracking software and mechanisms in solar tracking applications. Ironically there was even a system called sun chaser, said to have been a solar positioner system known for chasing the sun throughout the day. Using solar equations in an electronic circuit for automatic solar tracking is quite simple, even if you are a novice, but mathematical solar equations are over complicated by academic experts and professors in text-books, journal articles and internet websites. In terms of solar hobbies, scholars, students and Hobbyist's looking at solar tracking electronics or PC programs for solar tracking are usually overcome by the sheer volume of scientific material and internet resources, which leaves many developers in frustration when search for simple experimental solar tracking source-code for their on-axis sun-tracking systems. This booklet will simplify the search for the mystical sun tracking formulas for your sun tracker innovation and help you develop your own autonomous solar tracking controller. By directing the solar collector directly into the sun, a solar harvesting means or device can harness sunlight or thermal heat. This is achieved with the help of sun angle formulas, solar angle formulas or solar tracking procedures for the calculation of sun's position in the sky. Automatic sun tracking system software includes algorithms for solar altitude azimuth angle calculations required in following the sun across the sky. In using the longitude, latitude GPS coordinates of the solar tracker location, these sun tracking software tools supports precision solar tracking by determining the solar altitude-azimuth coordinates for the sun trajectory in altitude-azimuth tracking at the tracker location, using certain sun angle formulas in sun vector calculations. Instead of follow the sun software, a sun tracking sensor such as a sun sensor or webcam or video camera with vision based sun following image processing software can also be used to determine the position of the sun optically. Such optical feedback devices are often used in solar panel tracking systems and dish tracking systems. Dynamic sun tracing is also used in solar surveying, DNI analyser and sun surveying systems that build solar infographics maps with solar radiance, irradiance and DNI models for GIS (geographical information system). In this way geospatial methods on solar/environment interaction makes use use of geospatial technologies (GIS, Remote Sensing, and Cartography). Climatic data and weather station or weather center data, as well as queries from sky servers and solar resource database systems (i.e. on DB2, Sybase, Oracle, SQL, MySQL) may also be associated with solar GIS maps. In such solar resource modelling systems, a pyranometer or solarimeter is normally used in addition to measure direct and indirect, scattered, dispersed, reflective radiation for a particular geographical location. Sunlight analysis is important in flash photography where photographic lighting are important for photographers. GIS systems are used by architects who add sun shadow applets to study architectural shading or sun shadow analysis, solar flux calculations, optical modelling or to perform weather modelling. Such systems often employ a computer operated telescope type mechanism with ray tracing program software as a solar navigator or sun tracer that determines the solar position and intensity. The purpose of this booklet is to assist developers to track and trace suitable source-code and solar tracking algorithms for their application, whether a hobbyist, scientist, technician or engineer. Many open-source sun following and tracking algorithms and source-code for solar tracking programs and modules are freely available to download on the internet today. Certain proprietary solar tracker kits and solar tracking controllers include a software development kit SDK for its application programming interface API attributes (Pebble). Widget libraries, widget toolkits, GUI toolkit and UX libraries with graphical control elements are also available to construct the graphical user interface (GUI) for your solar tracking or solar power monitoring program. The solar library used by solar position calculators, solar simulation software and solar contour calculators include machine program code for the solar hardware controller which are software programmed into Micro-controllers, Programmable Logic Controllers PLC, programmable gate arrays, Arduino processor or PIC processor. PC based solar tracking is also high in demand using C++, Visual Basic VB, as well as MS Windows, Linux and Apple Mac based operating systems for sun path tables on Matlab, Excel. Some books and internet webpages use other terms, such as: sun angle calculator, sun position calculator or solar angle calculator. As said, such software code calculate the solar azimuth angle, solar altitude angle, solar elevation angle or the solar Zenith angle (Zenith solar angle is simply referenced from vertical plane, the mirror of the elevation angle measured from the horizontal or ground plane level). Similar software code is also used in solar calculator apps or the solar power calculator apps for IOS and Android smartphone devices. Most of these smartphone solar mobile apps show the sun path and sun-angles for any location and date over a 24 hour period. Some smartphones include augmented reality features in which you can physically see and look at the solar path through your cell phone camera or mobile phone camera at your phone's specific GPS location. In the computer programming and digital signal processing (DSP) environment, (free/open source) program code are available for VB, .Net, Delphi, Python, C, C+, C++, PHP, Swift, ADM, F, Flash, Basic, QBasic, GBasic, KBasic, SIMPL language, Squirrel, Solaris, Assembly language on operating systems such as MS Windows, Apple Mac, DOS or Linux OS. Software algorithms predicting position of the sun in the sky are commonly available as graphical programming platforms such as Matlab (Mathworks), Simulink models, Java applets, TRNSYS simulations, Scada system apps, Labview module, Beckhoff TwinCAT (Visual Studio), Siemens SPA, mobile and iphone apps, Android or iOS tablet apps, and so forth. At the same time, PLC software code for a range of sun tracking automation technology can follow the profile of sun in sky for Siemens, HP, Panasonic, ABB, Allan Bradley, OMRON, SEW, Festo, Beckhoff, Rockwell, Schneider, Endress Hauser, Fudji electric. Honeywell, Fuchs, Yokonawa, or Muthibishi platforms. Sun path projection software are also available for a range of modular IPC embedded PC motherboards, Industrial PC, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and PAC (Programmable Automation Controller) such as the Siemens S7-1200 or Siemens Logo, Beckhoff IPC or CX series, OMRON PLC, Ercam PLC, AC500plc ABB, National Instruments NI PXI or NI cRIO, PIC processor, Intel 8051/8085, IBM (Cell, Power, Brain or Truenorth series), FPGA (Xilinx Altera Nios), Intel, Xeon, Atmel megaAVR, MPU, Maple, Teensy, MSP, XMOS, Xbee, ARM, Raspberry Pi, Eagle, Arduino or Arduino AtMega microcontroller, with servo motor, stepper motor, direct current DC pulse width modulation PWM (current driver) or alternating current AC SPS or IPC variable frequency drives VFD motor drives (also termed adjustable-frequency drive, variable-speed drive, AC drive, micro drive or inverter drive) for electrical, mechatronic, pneumatic, or hydraulic solar tracking actuators. The above motion control and robot control systems include analogue or digital interfacing ports on the processors to allow for tracker angle orientation feedback control through one or a combination of angle sensor or angle encoder, shaft encoder, precision encoder, optical encoder, magnetic encoder, direction encoder, rotational encoder, chip encoder, tilt sensor, inclination sensor, or pitch sensor. Note that the tracker's elevation or zenith axis angle may measured using an altitude angle-, declination angle-, inclination angle-, pitch angle-, or vertical angle-, zenith angle- sensor or inclinometer. Similarly the tracker's azimuth axis angle be measured with a azimuth angle-, horizontal angle-, or roll angle- sensor. Chip integrated accelerometer magnetometer gyroscope type angle sensors can also be used to calculate displacement. Other options include the use of thermal imaging systems such as a Fluke thermal imager, or robotic or vision based solar tracker systems that employ face tracking, head tracking, hand tracking, eye tracking and car tracking principles in solar tracking. With unattended decentralised rural, island, isolated, or autonomous off-grid power installations, remote control, monitoring, data acquisition, digital datalogging and online measurement and verification equipment becomes crucial. It assists the operator with supervisory control to monitor the efficiency of remote renewable energy resources and systems and provide valuable web-based feedback in terms of CO2 and clean development mechanism (CDM) reporting. A power quality analyser for diagnostics through internet, WiFi and cellular mobile links is most valuable in frontline troubleshooting and predictive maintenance, where quick diagnostic analysis is required to detect and prevent power quality issues. Solar tracker applications cover a wide spectrum of solar applications and solar assisted application, including concentrated solar power generation, solar desalination, solar water purification, solar steam generation, solar electricity generation, solar industrial process heat, solar thermal heat storage, solar food dryers, solar water pumping, hydrogen production from methane or producing hydrogen and oxygen from water (HHO) through electrolysis. Many patented or non-patented solar apparatus include tracking in solar apparatus for solar electric generator, solar desalinator, solar steam engine, solar ice maker, solar water purifier, solar cooling, solar refrigeration, USB solar charger, solar phone charging, portable solar charging tracker, solar coffee brewing, solar cooking or solar dying means. Your project may be the next breakthrough or patent, but your invention is held back by frustration in search for the sun tracker you require for your solar powered appliance, solar generator, solar tracker robot, solar freezer, solar cooker, solar drier, solar pump, solar freezer, or solar dryer project. Whether your solar electronic circuit diagram include a simplified solar controller design in a solar electricity project, solar power kit, solar hobby kit, solar steam generator, solar hot water system, solar ice maker, solar desalinator, hobbyist solar panels, hobby robot, or if you are developing professional or hobby electronics for a solar utility or micro scale solar powerplant for your own solar farm or solar farming, this publication may help accelerate the development of your solar tracking innovation. Lately, solar polygeneration, solar trigeneration (solar triple generation), and solar quad generation (adding delivery of steam, liquid/gaseous fuel, or capture food-grade CO$_2$) systems have need for automatic solar tracking. These systems are known for significant efficiency increases in energy yield as a result of the integration and re-use of waste or residual heat and are suitable for compact packaged micro solar powerplants that could be manufactured and transported in kit-form and operate on a plug-and play basis. Typical hybrid solar power systems include compact or packaged solar micro combined heat and power (CHP or mCHP) or solar micro combined, cooling, heating and power (CCHP, CHPC, mCCHP, or mCHPC) systems used in distributed power generation. These systems are often combined in concentrated solar CSP and CPV smart microgrid configurations for off-grid rural, island or isolated microgrid, minigrid and distributed power renewable energy systems. Solar tracking algorithms are also used in modelling of trigeneration systems using Matlab Simulink (Modelica or TRNSYS) platform as well as in automation and control of renewable energy systems through intelligent parsing, multi-objective, adaptive learning control and control optimization strategies. Solar tracking algorithms also find application in developing solar models for country or location specific solar studies, for example in terms of measuring or analysis of the fluctuations of the solar radiation (i.e. direct and diffuse radiation) in a particular area. Solar DNI, solar irradiance and atmospheric information and models can thus be integrated into a solar map, solar atlas or geographical information systems (GIS). Such models allows for defining local parameters for specific regions that may be valuable in terms of the evaluation of different solar in photovoltaic of CSP systems on simulation and synthesis platforms such as Matlab and Simulink or in linear or multi-objective optimization algorithm platforms such as COMPOSE, EnergyPLAN or DER-CAM. A dual-axis solar tracker and single-axis solar tracker may use a sun tracker program or sun tracker algorithm to position a solar dish, solar panel array, heliostat array, PV panel, solar antenna or infrared solar nantenna. A self-tracking solar concentrator performs automatic solar tracking by computing the solar vector. Solar position algorithms (TwinCAT, SPA, or PSA Algorithms) use an astronomical algorithm to calculate the position of the sun. It uses astronomical software algorithms and equations for solar tracking in the calculation of sun's position in the sky for each location on the earth at any time of day. Like an optical solar telescope, the solar position algorithm pin-points the solar reflector at the sun and locks onto the sun's position to track the sun across the sky as the sun progresses throughout the day. Optical sensors such as photodiodes, light-dependant-resistors (LDR) or photoresistors are used as optical accuracy feedback devices. Lately we also included a section in the book (with links to microprocessor code) on how the PixArt Wii infrared camera in the Wii remote or Wiimote may be used in infrared solar tracking applications. In order to harvest free energy from the sun, some automatic solar positioning systems use an optical means to direct the solar tracking device. These solar tracking strategies use optical tracking techniques, such as a sun sensor means, to direct sun rays onto a silicon or CMOS substrate to determine the X and Y coordinates of the sun's position. In a solar mems sun-sensor device, incident sunlight enters the sun sensor through a small pin-hole in a mask plate where light is exposed to a silicon substrate. In a web-camera or camera image processing sun tracking and sun following means, object tracking software performs multi object tracking or moving object tracking methods. In an solar object tracking technique, image processing software performs mathematical processing to box the outline of the apparent solar disc or sun blob within the captured image frame, while sun-localization is performed with an edge detection algorithm to determine the solar vector coordinates. An automated positioning system help maximize the yields of solar power plants through solar tracking control to harness sun's energy. In such renewable energy systems, the solar panel positioning system uses a sun tracking techniques and a solar angle calculator in positioning PV panels in photovoltaic systems and concentrated photovoltaic CPV systems. Automatic on-axis solar tracking in a PV solar tracking system can be dual-axis sun tracking or single-axis sun solar tracking. It is known that a motorized positioning system in a photovoltaic panel tracker increase energy yield and ensures increased power output, even in a single axis solar tracking configuration. Other applications such as robotic solar tracker or robotic solar tracking system uses robotica with artificial intelligence in the control optimization of energy yield in solar harvesting through a robotic tracking system. Automatic positioning systems in solar tracking designs are also used in other free energy generators, such as concentrated solar thermal power CSP and dish Stirling systems. The sun tracking device in a solar collector in a solar concentrator or solar collector Such a performs on-axis solar tracking, a dual axis solar tracker assists to harness energy from the sun through an optical solar collector, which can be a parabolic mirror, parabolic reflector, Fresnel lens or mirror array/matrix. A parabolic dish or reflector is dynamically steered using a transmission system or solar tracking slew drive mean. In steering the dish to face the sun, the power dish actuator and actuation means in a parabolic dish system optically focusses the sun's energy on the focal point of a parabolic dish or solar concentrating means. A Stirling engine, solar heat pipe, thermosyphin, solar phase change material PCM receiver, or a fibre optic sunlight receiver means is located at the focal point of the solar concentrator. The dish Stirling engine configuration is referred to as a dish Stirling system or Stirling power generation system. Hybrid solar power systems (used in combination with biogas, biofuel, petrol, ethanol, diesel, natural gas or PNG) use a combination of power sources to harness and store solar energy in a storage medium. Any multitude of energy sources can be combined through the use of controllers and the energy stored in batteries, phase change material, thermal heat storage, and in cogeneration form converted to the required power using thermodynamic cycles (organic Rankin, Brayton cycle, micro turbine, Stirling) with an inverter and charge controller. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Applied Analysis Cornelius Lanczos, 1988-01-01 Classic work on analysis and design of finite processes for approximating solutions of analytical problems. Features algebraic equations, matrices, harmonic analysis, quadrature methods, and much more. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: The Bioarchaeology of Violence Debra L. Martin, Ryan P. Harrod, 2012-08-05 Human violence is an inescapable aspect of our society and culture. As the archaeological record clearly shows, this has always been true. What is its origin? What role does it play in shaping our behavior? How do ritual acts and cultural sanctions make violence acceptable? These and other questions are addressed by the contributors to The Bioarchaeology of Violence. Organized thematically, the volume opens by laying the groundwork for new theoretical approaches that move beyond interpretation; it then examines case studies from small-scale conflict to warfare to ritualized violence. Experts on a wide range of ancient societies highlight the meaning and motivation of past uses of violence, revealing how violence often plays an important role in maintaining and suppressing the challenges to the status quo, and how it is frequently a performance meant to be witnessed by others. The interesting and nuanced insights offered in this volume explore both the costs and the benefits of violence throughout human prehistory. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XIV Patrick L. Shopbell, Matthew C. Britton, Rick Ebert, 2005 |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Modified Gravity Baojiu Li, Kazuya Koyama, 2019 Gravity beyond general relativity / Kazuya Koyama -- Parametrizations for tests of gravity / Lucas Lombriser -- Simulation techniques / Claudio Llinares -- Approximation methods in modified gravity models / Baojiu Li -- Large-scale structure probes of modified gravity / Catherine Heymans and Gong-Bo Zhao -- Tests of gravity with galaxy clusters / Matteo Cataneo -- Towards testing gravity with cosmic voids / Yan-Chuan Cai -- Astrophysical tests of screened modified gravity / Jeremy Sakstein -- Laboratory constraints / Philippe Brax. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Strategy Report on Research Infrastructures , 2018 |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Solar and Stellar Flares Lyndsay Fletcher, Petr Heinzel, 2016-12-21 This volume is a collection of research articles on the subject of solar flares and flares on other cool stars, which are currently extensively studied using new ground- and space-based instruments, together with highly sophisticated numerical simulations. The collection memorializes the work of a pioneer in the study of solar physics, Professor Zdenek Švestka (1925 Prague – 2013 Bunschoten), a leading expert in the field of solar flares and the co-founder and Editor-in-Chief of the journal Solar Physics. The book contains many contributions to the conference “Solar and Stellar Flares: Observations, simulations and synergies”, held in Prague during 23 – 27 June 2014, organised in honor and memory of Professor Švestka. Originally published as Topical Issue of Solar Physics, Vol. 290, Issue 12, 2015. |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Theory of Neutron Scattering from Condensed Matter Stephen W. Lovesey, 1986-10 Neutron scattering measurements provide information at an atomic level on the chemical and physical properties of matter. The unique character of the neutron-matter interaction means that in many instances the information is obtainable in no other way. The book develops the principles and concepts of statistical physics and quantum chemistry that are the basis for the interpretation of experimental data. The topics include elastic nuclear scattering, scattering by lattice vibrations and by liquids, and some chemical applications (vol. 1) and elastic and inelastic magnetic scattering (vol. 2). These two volumes will be of interest to graduate students and workers and researchers in the field of neutron scattering--back cover/ |
| delta data 4 stfc answer: Practical Research Methods Catherine Dawson, 2002 This practical, down-to-earth guide is written for those new to research and it assumes no prior knowledge of the subject. The author has worked as a researcher since the mid 1980s and has written and taught courses on research methodology at the university level. |
Delta Waterfowl's new logo. - Duck Hunting Forum
Jul 2, 2013 · I'm sure most of the guys know of the 2 can logo Delta has used forever. Here is the new logo. The idea behind the update is to make production of logo'd items less …
HUNTING THE DELTA - Duck Hunting Forum
Apr 2, 2007 · The north delta has been known to hold a few birds later in the season. I know a few guys that killed a bird or 2 down south. those guys in the Antiock area are posting …
Pennsylvania Delta Waterfowl Chapters | Duck Hunting Forum
Jul 18, 2013 · With Delta allowing us to keep money for local work, we're in a unique position to make a difference locally and nationally. GET INVOLVED. We need active …
Vhull vs flat bottom duck boat for delta | Duck Hunting Forum
Jan 8, 2015 · A Delta hunter buddy insists I get a flat bottom boat to get into the shallows. Ive had other people insist I get a vhull for stability in rougher waters. I want a boat …
MS Delta Duck Shared Lease - Duck Hunting Forum
May 7, 2016 · I am looking for first hand information from someone that was a member of the MS Delta Duck shared lease program in the last two years. I have read …
Delta Waterfowl's new logo. - Duck Hunting Forum
Jul 2, 2013 · I'm sure most of the guys know of the 2 can logo Delta has used forever. Here is the new logo. The idea behind the update is to make …
HUNTING THE DELTA - Duck Hunting Forum
Apr 2, 2007 · The north delta has been known to hold a few birds later in the season. I know a few guys that killed a bird or 2 down south. those guys in …
Pennsylvania Delta Waterfowl Chapters | Duck Hunting Foru…
Jul 18, 2013 · With Delta allowing us to keep money for local work, we're in a unique position to make a difference locally and nationally. GET …
Vhull vs flat bottom duck boat for delta | Duck Hunting Forum
Jan 8, 2015 · A Delta hunter buddy insists I get a flat bottom boat to get into the shallows. Ive had other people insist I get a vhull for stability in …
MS Delta Duck Shared Lease - Duck Hunting Forum
May 7, 2016 · I am looking for first hand information from someone that was a member of the MS Delta Duck shared lease program in the last two years. I …
