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| examples of biased questions: Subprime Attention Crisis Tim Hwang, 2020-10-13 From FSGO x Logic: a revealing examination of digital advertising and the internet's precarious foundation In Subprime Attention Crisis, Tim Hwang investigates the way big tech financializes attention. In the process, he shows us how digital advertising—the beating heart of the internet—is at risk of collapsing, and that its potential demise bears an uncanny resemblance to the housing crisis of 2008. From the unreliability of advertising numbers and the unregulated automation of advertising bidding wars, to the simple fact that online ads mostly fail to work, Hwang demonstrates that while consumers’ attention has never been more prized, the true value of that attention itself—much like subprime mortgages—is wildly misrepresented. And if online advertising goes belly-up, the internet—and its free services—will suddenly be accessible only to those who can afford it. Deeply researched, convincing, and alarming, Subprime Attention Crisis will change the way you look at the internet, and its precarious future. FSG Originals × Logic dissects the way technology functions in everyday lives. The titans of Silicon Valley, for all their utopian imaginings, never really had our best interests at heart: recent threats to democracy, truth, privacy, and safety, as a result of tech’s reckless pursuit of progress, have shown as much. We present an alternate story, one that delights in capturing technology in all its contradictions and innovation, across borders and socioeconomic divisions, from history through the future, beyond platitudes and PR hype, and past doom and gloom. Our collaboration features four brief but provocative forays into the tech industry’s many worlds, and aspires to incite fresh conversations about technology focused on nuanced and accessible explorations of the emerging tools that reorganize and redefine life today. |
| examples of biased questions: Perspectives on Bias in Mental Testing Cecil Reynolds, 2013-11-11 The cultural-test-bias hypothesis is one of the most important scien tific questions facing psychology today. Briefly, the cultural-test-bias hypothesis contends that all observed group differences in mental test scores are due to a built-in cultural bias of the tests themselves; that is, group score differences are an artifact of current psychomet ric methodology. If the cultural-test-bias hypothesis is ultimately shown to be correct, then the 100 years or so of psychological research on human differences (or differential psychology, the sci entific discipline underlying all applied areas of human psychology including clinical, counseling, school, and industrial psychology) must be reexamined and perhaps dismissed as confounded, contam inated, or otherwise artifactual. In order to continue its existence as a scientific discipline, psychology must confront the cultural-test-bias hypothesis from the solid foundations of data and theory and must not allow the resolution of this issue to occur solely within (and to be determined by) the political Zeitgeist of the times or any singular work, no matter how comprehensive. In his recent volume Bias in Mental Testing (New York: Free Press, 1980), Arthur Jensen provided a thorough review of most of the empirical research relevant to the evaluation of cultural bias in psychological and educational tests that was available at the time that his book was prepared. Nevertheless, Jensen presented only one per spective on those issues in a volume intended not only for the sci entific community but for intelligent laypeople as well. |
| examples of biased questions: Behind the Message Kathleen A. Hansen, Nora Paul, 2004 Behind the Message is a thoroughly revised and updated text based on the highly regarded Search Strategies in Mass Communication, used in many communication programs for 15 years. Written by two nationally recognized experts in information strategy, the book leads students step-by-step through the search and evaluation process while retaining the conceptual and intellectual overview that was the hallmark of Search Strategies. It includes new materials and case studies that illustrate the search and evaluation process as it applies to news and strategic communications messages. Features A conceptual model of the information strategy process is visually illustrated in each chapter, helping students to systematically learn the information strategy process. Case studies of the information strategy process illustrate how each information contributor's materials are used in messages. A case study is included in the appendix that allows students to see concrete examples of the search process as applied to news and strategic communications messages. Cartoons in several chapters offer students a lighthearted look at some of the key concepts discussed in the text. |
| examples of biased questions: OECD Guidelines on Measuring Subjective Well-being OECD, 2013-03-20 These Guidelines represent the first attempt to provide international recommendations on collecting, publishing, and analysing subjective well-being data. |
| examples of biased questions: Logically Fallacious Bo Bennett, 2012-02-19 This book is a crash course in effective reasoning, meant to catapult you into a world where you start to see things how they really are, not how you think they are. The focus of this book is on logical fallacies, which loosely defined, are simply errors in reasoning. With the reading of each page, you can make significant improvements in the way you reason and make decisions. Logically Fallacious is one of the most comprehensive collections of logical fallacies with all original examples and easy to understand descriptions, perfect for educators, debaters, or anyone who wants to improve his or her reasoning skills. Expose an irrational belief, keep a person rational for a day. Expose irrational thinking, keep a person rational for a lifetime. - Bo Bennett This 2021 Edition includes dozens of more logical fallacies with many updated examples. |
| examples of biased questions: Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods Paul J. Lavrakas, 2008-09-12 To the uninformed, surveys appear to be an easy type of research to design and conduct, but when students and professionals delve deeper, they encounter the vast complexities that the range and practice of survey methods present. To complicate matters, technology has rapidly affected the way surveys can be conducted; today, surveys are conducted via cell phone, the Internet, email, interactive voice response, and other technology-based modes. Thus, students, researchers, and professionals need both a comprehensive understanding of these complexities and a revised set of tools to meet the challenges. In conjunction with top survey researchers around the world and with Nielsen Media Research serving as the corporate sponsor, the Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods presents state-of-the-art information and methodological examples from the field of survey research. Although there are other how-to guides and references texts on survey research, none is as comprehensive as this Encyclopedia, and none presents the material in such a focused and approachable manner. With more than 600 entries, this resource uses a Total Survey Error perspective that considers all aspects of possible survey error from a cost-benefit standpoint. Key Features Covers all major facets of survey research methodology, from selecting the sample design and the sampling frame, designing and pretesting the questionnaire, data collection, and data coding, to the thorny issues surrounding diminishing response rates, confidentiality, privacy, informed consent and other ethical issues, data weighting, and data analyses Presents a Reader′s Guide to organize entries around themes or specific topics and easily guide users to areas of interest Offers cross-referenced terms, a brief listing of Further Readings, and stable Web site URLs following most entries The Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods is specifically written to appeal to beginning, intermediate, and advanced students, practitioners, researchers, consultants, and consumers of survey-based information. |
| examples of biased questions: Biased Jennifer L. Eberhardt, PhD, 2019-03-26 Poignant....important and illuminating.—The New York Times Book Review Groundbreaking.—Bryan Stevenson, New York Times bestselling author of Just Mercy From one of the world’s leading experts on unconscious racial bias come stories, science, and strategies to address one of the central controversies of our time How do we talk about bias? How do we address racial disparities and inequities? What role do our institutions play in creating, maintaining, and magnifying those inequities? What role do we play? With a perspective that is at once scientific, investigative, and informed by personal experience, Dr. Jennifer Eberhardt offers us the language and courage we need to face one of the biggest and most troubling issues of our time. She exposes racial bias at all levels of society—in our neighborhoods, schools, workplaces, and criminal justice system. Yet she also offers us tools to address it. Eberhardt shows us how we can be vulnerable to bias but not doomed to live under its grip. Racial bias is a problem that we all have a role to play in solving. |
| examples of biased questions: Anti-Bias Education for Young Children and Ourselves Louise Derman-Sparks, Julie Olsen Edwards, 2020-04-07 Anti-bias education begins with you! Become a skilled anti-bias teacher with this practical guidance to confronting and eliminating barriers. |
| examples of biased questions: Noise Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony, Cass R. Sunstein, 2021-05-18 From the Nobel Prize-winning author of Thinking, Fast and Slow and the coauthor of Nudge, a revolutionary exploration of why people make bad judgments and how to make better ones—a tour de force” (New York Times). Imagine that two doctors in the same city give different diagnoses to identical patients—or that two judges in the same courthouse give markedly different sentences to people who have committed the same crime. Suppose that different interviewers at the same firm make different decisions about indistinguishable job applicants—or that when a company is handling customer complaints, the resolution depends on who happens to answer the phone. Now imagine that the same doctor, the same judge, the same interviewer, or the same customer service agent makes different decisions depending on whether it is morning or afternoon, or Monday rather than Wednesday. These are examples of noise: variability in judgments that should be identical. In Noise, Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony, and Cass R. Sunstein show the detrimental effects of noise in many fields, including medicine, law, economic forecasting, forensic science, bail, child protection, strategy, performance reviews, and personnel selection. Wherever there is judgment, there is noise. Yet, most of the time, individuals and organizations alike are unaware of it. They neglect noise. With a few simple remedies, people can reduce both noise and bias, and so make far better decisions. Packed with original ideas, and offering the same kinds of research-based insights that made Thinking, Fast and Slow and Nudge groundbreaking New York Times bestsellers, Noise explains how and why humans are so susceptible to noise in judgment—and what we can do about it. |
| examples of biased questions: Proactive Policing National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on Law and Justice, Committee on Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime, Communities, and Civil Liberties, 2018-03-23 Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term proactive policing to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities. |
| examples of biased questions: An Introduction to Survey Research, Polling, and Data Analysis Herbert Weisberg, Jon A. Krosnick, Bruce D. Bowen, 1996-07-16 The nature of survey research - The survey process - Sampling procedures - Questionnaire construction - The data collection stage - Coding practices - Designing survey - The process of data analysis - Single-variable statistics - Statistical inference for means - Two-variable tables - Measures of association - Control tables - Correlation and regression - Writing survey reports - Evaluating surveys - The ethics of polls. |
| examples of biased questions: Intelligence, Genes, and Success Bernie Devlin, Stephen E. Fienberg, Daniel P. Resnick, Kathryn Roeder, 1997-08-07 A scientific response to the best-selling The Bell Curve which set off a hailstorm of controversy upon its publication in 1994. Much of the public reaction to the book was polemic and failed to analyse the details of the science and validity of the statistical arguments underlying the books conclusion. Here, at last, social scientists and statisticians reply to The Bell Curve and its conclusions about IQ, genetics and social outcomes. |
| examples of biased questions: Asking Questions Norman M. Bradburn, Seymour Sudman, Brian Wansink, 2004-05-17 Since it was first published more than twenty-five years ago, Asking Questions has become a classic guide for designing questionnaires3⁄4the most widely used method for collecting information about people?s attitudes and behavior. An essential tool for market researchers advertisers, pollsters, and social scientists, this thoroughly updated and definitive work combines time-proven techniques with the most current research, findings, and methods. The book presents a cognitive approach to questionnaire design and includes timely information on the Internet and electronic resources. Comprehensive and concise, Asking Questions can be used to design questionnaires for any subject area, whether administered by telephone, online, mail, in groups, or face-to-face. The book describes the design process from start to finish and is filled with illustrative examples from actual surveys. |
| examples of biased questions: Field Trials of Health Interventions Peter G. Smith, Richard H. Morrow, David A. Ross, 2015 This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Before new interventions are released into disease control programmes, it is essential that they are carefully evaluated in field trials'. These may be complex and expensive undertakings, requiring the follow-up of hundreds, or thousands, of individuals, often for long periods. Descriptions of the detailed procedures and methods used in the trials that have been conducted have rarely been published. A consequence of this, individuals planning such trials have few guidelines available and little access to knowledge accumulated previously, other than their own. In this manual, practical issues in trial design and conduct are discussed fully and in sufficient detail, that Field Trials of Health Interventions may be used as a toolbox' by field investigators. It has been compiled by an international group of over 30 authors with direct experience in the design, conduct, and analysis of field trials in low and middle income countries and is based on their accumulated knowledge and experience. Available as an open access book via Oxford Medicine Online, this new edition is a comprehensive revision, incorporating the new developments that have taken place in recent years with respect to trials, including seven new chapters on subjects ranging from trial governance, and preliminary studies to pilot testing. |
| examples of biased questions: Statistics: Concepts and Controversies David S. Moore, William I. Notz, William Notz, 2006 In the sixth edition of his landmark text, David Moore emphasizes the concepts and applications of statistics from a wide range of fields - encouraging students to see the meaning behind statistical results. Moore's emphasis on ideas and data with minimal computation is acknowledged as the most effective way to teach non-mathematical students. |
| examples of biased questions: Thinking, Fast and Slow Daniel Kahneman, 2011-10-25 *Major New York Times Bestseller *More than 2.6 million copies sold *One of The New York Times Book Review's ten best books of the year *Selected by The Wall Street Journal as one of the best nonfiction books of the year *Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient *Daniel Kahneman's work with Amos Tversky is the subject of Michael Lewis's best-selling The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds In his mega bestseller, Thinking, Fast and Slow, Daniel Kahneman, world-famous psychologist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, takes us on a groundbreaking tour of the mind and explains the two systems that drive the way we think. System 1 is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System 2 is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. The impact of overconfidence on corporate strategies, the difficulties of predicting what will make us happy in the future, the profound effect of cognitive biases on everything from playing the stock market to planning our next vacation—each of these can be understood only by knowing how the two systems shape our judgments and decisions. Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think, Kahneman reveals where we can and cannot trust our intuitions and how we can tap into the benefits of slow thinking. He offers practical and enlightening insights into how choices are made in both our business and our personal lives—and how we can use different techniques to guard against the mental glitches that often get us into trouble. Topping bestseller lists for almost ten years, Thinking, Fast and Slow is a contemporary classic, an essential book that has changed the lives of millions of readers. |
| examples of biased questions: Foundations of Epidemiology Marit L. Bovbjerg, 2020-10 Foundations of Epidemiology is an open access, introductory epidemiology text intended for students and practitioners in public or allied health fields. It covers epidemiologic thinking, causality, incidence and prevalence, public health surveillance, epidemiologic study designs and why we care about which one is used, measures of association, random error and bias, confounding and effect modification, and screening. Concepts are illustrated with numerous examples drawn from contemporary and historical public health issues. |
| examples of biased questions: Naked Statistics: Stripping the Dread from the Data Charles Wheelan, 2013-01-07 A New York Times bestseller Brilliant, funny…the best math teacher you never had. —San Francisco Chronicle Once considered tedious, the field of statistics is rapidly evolving into a discipline Hal Varian, chief economist at Google, has actually called sexy. From batting averages and political polls to game shows and medical research, the real-world application of statistics continues to grow by leaps and bounds. How can we catch schools that cheat on standardized tests? How does Netflix know which movies you’ll like? What is causing the rising incidence of autism? As best-selling author Charles Wheelan shows us in Naked Statistics, the right data and a few well-chosen statistical tools can help us answer these questions and more. For those who slept through Stats 101, this book is a lifesaver. Wheelan strips away the arcane and technical details and focuses on the underlying intuition that drives statistical analysis. He clarifies key concepts such as inference, correlation, and regression analysis, reveals how biased or careless parties can manipulate or misrepresent data, and shows us how brilliant and creative researchers are exploiting the valuable data from natural experiments to tackle thorny questions. And in Wheelan’s trademark style, there’s not a dull page in sight. You’ll encounter clever Schlitz Beer marketers leveraging basic probability, an International Sausage Festival illuminating the tenets of the central limit theorem, and a head-scratching choice from the famous game show Let’s Make a Deal—and you’ll come away with insights each time. With the wit, accessibility, and sheer fun that turned Naked Economics into a bestseller, Wheelan defies the odds yet again by bringing another essential, formerly unglamorous discipline to life. |
| examples of biased questions: Applying Quantitative Bias Analysis to Epidemiologic Data Timothy L. Lash, Matthew P. Fox, Aliza K. Fink, 2011-04-14 Bias analysis quantifies the influence of systematic error on an epidemiology study’s estimate of association. The fundamental methods of bias analysis in epi- miology have been well described for decades, yet are seldom applied in published presentations of epidemiologic research. More recent advances in bias analysis, such as probabilistic bias analysis, appear even more rarely. We suspect that there are both supply-side and demand-side explanations for the scarcity of bias analysis. On the demand side, journal reviewers and editors seldom request that authors address systematic error aside from listing them as limitations of their particular study. This listing is often accompanied by explanations for why the limitations should not pose much concern. On the supply side, methods for bias analysis receive little attention in most epidemiology curriculums, are often scattered throughout textbooks or absent from them altogether, and cannot be implemented easily using standard statistical computing software. Our objective in this text is to reduce these supply-side barriers, with the hope that demand for quantitative bias analysis will follow. |
| examples of biased questions: Social Science Research Anol Bhattacherjee, 2012-04-01 This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages. |
| examples of biased questions: Fostering Research on the Economic and Social Impacts of Information Technology National Research Council, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications, Steering Committee on Research Opportunities Relating to Economic and Social Impacts of Computing and Communications, 1998-09-15 The tremendous growth in use of information technology (IT) has led to an increased interest in understanding its social and economic impacts. This book presents examples of crosscutting research that has been conducted to understand the impact of information technology on personal, community, and business activities. It explores ways in which the use of methodology from economics and social sciences contributes to important advances in understanding these impacts. The book discusses significant research issues and concerns and suggests approaches for fostering increased interdisciplinary research on the impacts of information technology and making the results of this research more accessible to the public and policymakers. This volume is expected to influence funding priorities and levels of support for interdisciplinary research of this kind. |
| examples of biased questions: Rethinking History Keith Jenkins, 2003-12-16 History means many things to many people. But finding an answer to the question 'What is history?' is a task few feel equipped to answer. If you want to explore this tantalising subject, where do you start? What are the critical skills you need to begin to make sense of the past? The perfect introduction to this thought-provoking area, Jenkins' clear and concise prose guides readers through the controversies and debates that surround historical thinking at the present time, providing them with the means to make their own discoveries. |
| examples of biased questions: Quantifying the User Experience Jeff Sauro, James R Lewis, 2016-07-12 Quantifying the User Experience: Practical Statistics for User Research, Second Edition, provides practitioners and researchers with the information they need to confidently quantify, qualify, and justify their data. The book presents a practical guide on how to use statistics to solve common quantitative problems that arise in user research. It addresses questions users face every day, including, Is the current product more usable than our competition? Can we be sure at least 70% of users can complete the task on their first attempt? How long will it take users to purchase products on the website? This book provides a foundation for statistical theories and the best practices needed to apply them. The authors draw on decades of statistical literature from human factors, industrial engineering, and psychology, as well as their own published research, providing both concrete solutions (Excel formulas and links to their own web-calculators), along with an engaging discussion on the statistical reasons why tests work and how to effectively communicate results. Throughout this new edition, users will find updates on standardized usability questionnaires, a new chapter on general linear modeling (correlation, regression, and analysis of variance), with updated examples and case studies throughout. - Completely updated to provide practical guidance on solving usability testing problems with statistics for any project, including those using Six Sigma practices - Includes new and revised information on standardized usability questionnaires - Includes a completely new chapter introducing correlation, regression, and analysis of variance - Shows practitioners which test to use, why they work, and best practices for application, along with easy-to-use Excel formulas and web-calculators for analyzing data - Recommends ways for researchers and practitioners to communicate results to stakeholders in plain English |
| examples of biased questions: Measuring Regulatory Performance A Practitioner's Guide to Perception Surveys OECD, 2012-01-16 This guide helps officials use perception surveys for evaluating and communicating progress in regulatory reform. It explains the challenges involved in the design and use of business and citizen perception surveys – and ways to overcome them. |
| examples of biased questions: Algorithms of Oppression Safiya Umoja Noble, 2018-02-20 Acknowledgments -- Introduction: the power of algorithms -- A society, searching -- Searching for Black girls -- Searching for people and communities -- Searching for protections from search engines -- The future of knowledge in the public -- The future of information culture -- Conclusion: algorithms of oppression -- Epilogue -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About the author |
| examples of biased questions: The Great Mental Models, Volume 1 Shane Parrish, Rhiannon Beaubien, 2024-10-15 Discover the essential thinking tools you’ve been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast. This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results. Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity. This book will teach you how to: Avoid blind spots when looking at problems. Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage. |
| examples of biased questions: Prosodic Typology II Sun-Ah Jun, 2014 This text illustrates an approach to prosodic typology through descriptions of the intonation and the prosodic structure of 13 typologically different languages based on the same theoretical framework and the transcription system of prosody known as Tones and Break Indices (ToBI). |
| examples of biased questions: The Optimism Bias Tali Sharot, 2011-06-14 Psychologists have long been aware that most people maintain an irrationally positive outlook on life—but why? Turns out, we might be hardwired that way. In this absorbing exploration, Tali Sharot—one of the most innovative neuroscientists at work today—demonstrates that optimism may be crucial to human existence. The Optimism Bias explores how the brain generates hope and what happens when it fails; how the brains of optimists and pessimists differ; why we are terrible at predicting what will make us happy; how emotions strengthen our ability to recollect; how anticipation and dread affect us; how our optimistic illusions affect our financial, professional, and emotional decisions; and more. Drawing on cutting-edge science, The Optimism Bias provides us with startling new insight into the workings of the brain and the major role that optimism plays in determining how we live our lives. |
| examples of biased questions: Race After Technology Ruha Benjamin, 2019-07-09 From everyday apps to complex algorithms, Ruha Benjamin cuts through tech-industry hype to understand how emerging technologies can reinforce White supremacy and deepen social inequity. Benjamin argues that automation, far from being a sinister story of racist programmers scheming on the dark web, has the potential to hide, speed up, and deepen discrimination while appearing neutral and even benevolent when compared to the racism of a previous era. Presenting the concept of the “New Jim Code,” she shows how a range of discriminatory designs encode inequity by explicitly amplifying racial hierarchies; by ignoring but thereby replicating social divisions; or by aiming to fix racial bias but ultimately doing quite the opposite. Moreover, she makes a compelling case for race itself as a kind of technology, designed to stratify and sanctify social injustice in the architecture of everyday life. This illuminating guide provides conceptual tools for decoding tech promises with sociologically informed skepticism. In doing so, it challenges us to question not only the technologies we are sold but also the ones we ourselves manufacture. Visit the book's free Discussion Guide: www.dropbox.com |
| examples of biased questions: How to Ask Survey Questions Arlene Fink, 2003 Intended at helping readers prepare and use reliable and valid survey questions, this title shows readers how to: ask valid and reliable questions for the context; determine whether to use open or closed questions; and, choose the right type of measurement (categorical, nominal or ordinal) for responses to survey questions. |
| examples of biased questions: Blindspot Mahzarin R. Banaji, Anthony G. Greenwald, 2016-08-16 “Accessible and authoritative . . . While we may not have much power to eradicate our own prejudices, we can counteract them. The first step is to turn a hidden bias into a visible one. . . . What if we’re not the magnanimous people we think we are?”—The Washington Post I know my own mind. I am able to assess others in a fair and accurate way. These self-perceptions are challenged by leading psychologists Mahzarin R. Banaji and Anthony G. Greenwald as they explore the hidden biases we all carry from a lifetime of exposure to cultural attitudes about age, gender, race, ethnicity, religion, social class, sexuality, disability status, and nationality. “Blindspot” is the authors’ metaphor for the portion of the mind that houses hidden biases. Writing with simplicity and verve, Banaji and Greenwald question the extent to which our perceptions of social groups—without our awareness or conscious control—shape our likes and dislikes and our judgments about people’s character, abilities, and potential. In Blindspot, the authors reveal hidden biases based on their experience with the Implicit Association Test, a method that has revolutionized the way scientists learn about the human mind and that gives us a glimpse into what lies within the metaphoric blindspot. The title’s “good people” are those of us who strive to align our behavior with our intentions. The aim of Blindspot is to explain the science in plain enough language to help well-intentioned people achieve that alignment. By gaining awareness, we can adapt beliefs and behavior and “outsmart the machine” in our heads so we can be fairer to those around us. Venturing into this book is an invitation to understand our own minds. Brilliant, authoritative, and utterly accessible, Blindspot is a book that will challenge and change readers for years to come. Praise for Blindspot “Conversational . . . easy to read, and best of all, it has the potential, at least, to change the way you think about yourself.”—Leonard Mlodinow, The New York Review of Books “Banaji and Greenwald deserve a major award for writing such a lively and engaging book that conveys an important message: Mental processes that we are not aware of can affect what we think and what we do. Blindspot is one of the most illuminating books ever written on this topic.”—Elizabeth F. Loftus, Ph.D., distinguished professor, University of California, Irvine; past president, Association for Psychological Science; author of Eyewitness Testimony |
| examples of biased questions: The Black Book of Communism Stéphane Courtois, 1999 This international bestseller plumbs recently opened archives in the former Soviet bloc to reveal the accomplishments of communism around the world. The book is the first attempt to catalogue and analyse the crimes of communism over 70 years. |
| examples of biased questions: Politics and the English Language George Orwell, 2021-01-01 George Orwell set out ‘to make political writing into an art’, and to a wide extent this aim shaped the future of English literature – his descriptions of authoritarian regimes helped to form a new vocabulary that is fundamental to understanding totalitarianism. While 1984 and Animal Farm are amongst the most popular classic novels in the English language, this new series of Orwell’s essays seeks to bring a wider selection of his writing on politics and literature to a new readership. In Politics and the English Language, the second in the Orwell’s Essays series, Orwell takes aim at the language used in politics, which, he says, ‘is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind’. In an age where the language used in politics is constantly under the microscope, Orwell’s Politics and the English Language is just as relevant today, and gives the reader a vital understanding of the tactics at play. 'A writer who can – and must – be rediscovered with every age.' — Irish Times |
| examples of biased questions: Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Julian P. T. Higgins, Sally Green, 2008-11-24 Healthcare providers, consumers, researchers and policy makers are inundated with unmanageable amounts of information, including evidence from healthcare research. It has become impossible for all to have the time and resources to find, appraise and interpret this evidence and incorporate it into healthcare decisions. Cochrane Reviews respond to this challenge by identifying, appraising and synthesizing research-based evidence and presenting it in a standardized format, published in The Cochrane Library (www.thecochranelibrary.com). The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions contains methodological guidance for the preparation and maintenance of Cochrane intervention reviews. Written in a clear and accessible format, it is the essential manual for all those preparing, maintaining and reading Cochrane reviews. Many of the principles and methods described here are appropriate for systematic reviews applied to other types of research and to systematic reviews of interventions undertaken by others. It is hoped therefore that this book will be invaluable to all those who want to understand the role of systematic reviews, critically appraise published reviews or perform reviews themselves. |
| examples of biased questions: Customer Visits: Building a Better Market Focus Edward F. McQuarrie, 2014-12-18 Visits to customers by a cross-functional team of marketers and engineers play an important role in new product development, entry into new markets, and in exploring customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction. The new edition of this widely used professional resource provides step-by-step instructions for making effective use of this market research technique.Using a wealth of specific examples, Edward F. McQuarrie explains how to set feasible objectives and how to select the right number of the right kind of customers to visit. One of the leading experts in the field, McQuarrie demonstrates how to construct a discussion guide and how to devise good questions, and offers practical advice on how to conduct face-to-face interviews.Extensively updated throughout, this third edition includes three new chapters as well as expanded coverage of the analysis of visit data. It also discusses which industries and product categories are most (and least) suitable to the customer visit technique. The author also covers how the customer visit technique compares to other market research techniques such as focus groups. |
| examples of biased questions: Communities in Action National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States, 2017-04-27 In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome. |
| examples of biased questions: Constructing Questions for Interviews and Questionnaires William Foddy, William H. Foddy, 1993 The success of any interview or questionnaire depends upon good question design, yet most of the available literature has been devoted to interview techniques, rather than question formulation. This practical book provides a coherent, theoretical basis for the construction of valid and reliable questions for interviews and questionnaires. The theoretical framework used in the book provides a set of principles that, when followed, will increase the validity and reliability of verbal data collected for social research. Dr Foddy outlines the problems which can arise when framing questions with clarity and commonsense. He has written a wide ranging, useful book for survey practitioners working in the social sciences. |
| examples of biased questions: Introductory Business Statistics 2e Alexander Holmes, Barbara Illowsky, Susan Dean, 2023-12-13 Introductory Business Statistics 2e aligns with the topics and objectives of the typical one-semester statistics course for business, economics, and related majors. The text provides detailed and supportive explanations and extensive step-by-step walkthroughs. The author places a significant emphasis on the development and practical application of formulas so that students have a deeper understanding of their interpretation and application of data. Problems and exercises are largely centered on business topics, though other applications are provided in order to increase relevance and showcase the critical role of statistics in a number of fields and real-world contexts. The second edition retains the organization of the original text. Based on extensive feedback from adopters and students, the revision focused on improving currency and relevance, particularly in examples and problems. This is an adaptation of Introductory Business Statistics 2e by OpenStax. You can access the textbook as pdf for free at openstax.org. Minor editorial changes were made to ensure a better ebook reading experience. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
| examples of biased questions: Bias in Science and Communication Matthew Brian Welsh, 2018 This book is intended as an introduction to a wide variety of biases affecting human cognition, with a specific focus on how they affect scientists and the communication of science. The role of this book is to lay out how these common biases affect the specific types of judgements, decisions and communications made by scientists. |
| examples of biased questions: Survey Methodology Robert M. Groves, Floyd J. Fowler, Jr., Mick P. Couper, James M. Lepkowski, Eleanor Singer, Roger Tourangeau, 2011-09-20 Praise for the First Edition: The book makes a valuable contribution by synthesizing current research and identifying areas for future investigation for each aspect of the survey process. —Journal of the American Statistical Association Overall, the high quality of the text material is matched by the quality of writing . . . —Public Opinion Quarterly . . . it should find an audience everywhere surveys are being conducted. —Technometrics This new edition of Survey Methodology continues to provide a state-of-the-science presentation of essential survey methodology topics and techniques. The volume's six world-renowned authors have updated this Second Edition to present newly emerging approaches to survey research and provide more comprehensive coverage of the major considerations in designing and conducting a sample survey. Key topics in survey methodology are clearly explained in the book's chapters, with coverage including sampling frame evaluation, sample design, development of questionnaires, evaluation of questions, alternative modes of data collection, interviewing, nonresponse, post-collection processing of survey data, and practices for maintaining scientific integrity. Acknowledging the growing advances in research and technology, the Second Edition features: Updated explanations of sampling frame issues for mobile telephone and web surveys New scientific insight on the relationship between nonresponse rates and nonresponse errors Restructured discussion of ethical issues in survey research, emphasizing the growing research results on privacy, informed consent, and confidentiality issues The latest research findings on effective questionnaire development techniques The addition of 50% more exercises at the end of each chapter, illustrating basic principles of survey design An expanded FAQ chapter that addresses the concerns that accompany newly established methods Providing valuable and informative perspectives on the most modern methods in the field, Survey Methodology, Second Edition is an ideal book for survey research courses at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. It is also an indispensable reference for practicing survey methodologists and any professional who employs survey research methods. |
EXAMPLES OF BAD QUESTIONS SUGGESTIONS OF HOW TO …
The following are examples of bad survey questions. Identify one error in each question \(e.g., double-barreled\) and think of a way to fix the errors. \(Answers are given on the next page.\)
Good and Bad Survey Questions - Stanford University
Biased language can be present in the question or in response options. Good: Rate your experience with our new product offering. Bad: Did you enjoy our amazing new product …
Biased or Unbiased Survey Questions For the following …
Tell whether the question is potentially biased. Explain your answer. If the question is potentially biased, rewrite it so that it is not. 9. Would you pay even higher concert ticket prices to finance …
Frequently Encountered Biased Questions and Statements
Frequently Encountered Biased Questions and Statements The statements and questions participants posed in RISE LGBTQ-competency trainings often revealed layers of implicit and …
H o w to C r e a te U n b i a s e d Q u e s ti o n s - Waubonsee
Avoid fundamentally biased racist/sexist questions. Questions like the bad examples below have been shown to be sexist and racist and these questions should be avoided.
Guide to writing unbiased questions v - MyLO
Biased and leading questions are those that are written in such a way that one answer appears to be favored over another: These questions often provide extra information that may influence …
AP Statistics Tutorial: Bias in Survey Sampling
More detail on each of these three categories of bias is provided below, including some specific types and examples. For more detail on the various types of biases, including how they can be …
I. SUGGESTED QUESTIONS FOR SCREENING A JURY PANEL
Note: These questions may be asked orally of an individual juror or more efficiently by providing each juror with a copy of these questions and asking each to answer in the order in which they …
Lab Title: Cognitive Biases - American Psychological …
Students should construct a questionnaire consisting of questions that elicit cognitive biases. This activity could be done as an in-class project, with students drawing examples from their …
Practice: Random Samples and Biased Questions
Tell whether the following questions are biased or fair. Rewrite biased questions as fair questions. 3. Do you think bike helmets should be mandatory for all bike riders? 4. Do you prefer the …
11.2 Bias - Math 7
Rewrite the survey question so that it is not biased. Use the scenario to answer the following.
Mr. Morton's Classroom - Home
a) Write a survey question that would likely produce biased results. Since pizza is a much cheaper option, wouldn't you rather have pizza served at the party than hamburgers? b) Write a survey …
Understanding Bias in Assessment Design - Michigan …
It includes a rationale for attending to bias, a list of questions that assessment designers should ask themselves, and a rubric for attending to bias in the design process. What is bias in …
Understanding Bias: A Resource Guide - United States …
Overt racism and racist comments are examples of explicit biases. Implicit bias involves all of the subconscious feelings, perceptions, attitudes, and stereotypes that have developed as a result …
Guidelines and Suggestions for Avoiding Cultural Bias in …
Questions may be difficult to read despite low readability measures if you use hard words (including short hard words, such as acute), passive tense, or complex sentences. It is best to …
Are Your Voters’ Guide Questions as Unbiased as You Think?
biased or leading in their wording, potentially undermining our organization’s ability to produce quality voter engagement programs and partnerships. This How-To guide was created to help …
IMPLICIT BIAS IN EDUCATION CASE STUDY AND SCENARIO …
workbook provides you with a series of case studies, scenarios, and reflection questions that will assist you in thinking about how to apply what you have learned to your work as an educator.
Activity Guide for Students: How Bias Affects Scientific Research
classmates will break into groups to search the Science News archive for examples of different types of bias in scientific and medical research.
2018 Ethics Discussion Cases Introduction to Biases
Discussion Questions 1. Did Dr. Li respond to Dr. Anderson’s revelations appropriately? What responsibilities do mentors have regarding the provision of career advice? 2. Were the …
8 Biased Polar Questions in English and Japanese - UCL
Ladd’s (1981) dichotomy of positively and negatively biased PQs in English, and claim that although correct, it is not detailed enough to characterize the intricacy of the biases involved in …
EXAMPLES OF BAD QUESTIONS SUGGESTIONS OF HOW TO …
The following are examples of bad survey questions. Identify one error in each question \(e.g., double-barreled\) and think of a way to fix the errors. \(Answers are given on the next page.\)
Good and Bad Survey Questions - Stanford University
Biased language can be present in the question or in response options. Good: Rate your experience with our new product offering. Bad: Did you enjoy our amazing new product …
Biased or Unbiased Survey Questions For the following …
Tell whether the question is potentially biased. Explain your answer. If the question is potentially biased, rewrite it so that it is not. 9. Would you pay even higher concert ticket prices to finance …
Frequently Encountered Biased Questions and Statements
Frequently Encountered Biased Questions and Statements The statements and questions participants posed in RISE LGBTQ-competency trainings often revealed layers of implicit and …
H o w to C r e a te U n b i a s e d Q u e s ti o n s - Waubonsee
Avoid fundamentally biased racist/sexist questions. Questions like the bad examples below have been shown to be sexist and racist and these questions should be avoided.
Guide to writing unbiased questions v - MyLO
Biased and leading questions are those that are written in such a way that one answer appears to be favored over another: These questions often provide extra information that may influence …
AP Statistics Tutorial: Bias in Survey Sampling
More detail on each of these three categories of bias is provided below, including some specific types and examples. For more detail on the various types of biases, including how they can be …
I. SUGGESTED QUESTIONS FOR SCREENING A JURY PANEL
Note: These questions may be asked orally of an individual juror or more efficiently by providing each juror with a copy of these questions and asking each to answer in the order in which they …
Lab Title: Cognitive Biases - American Psychological …
Students should construct a questionnaire consisting of questions that elicit cognitive biases. This activity could be done as an in-class project, with students drawing examples from their …
Practice: Random Samples and Biased Questions
Tell whether the following questions are biased or fair. Rewrite biased questions as fair questions. 3. Do you think bike helmets should be mandatory for all bike riders? 4. Do you prefer the …
11.2 Bias - Math 7
Rewrite the survey question so that it is not biased. Use the scenario to answer the following.
Mr. Morton's Classroom - Home
a) Write a survey question that would likely produce biased results. Since pizza is a much cheaper option, wouldn't you rather have pizza served at the party than hamburgers? b) Write a survey …
Understanding Bias in Assessment Design - Michigan …
It includes a rationale for attending to bias, a list of questions that assessment designers should ask themselves, and a rubric for attending to bias in the design process. What is bias in …
Understanding Bias: A Resource Guide - United States …
Overt racism and racist comments are examples of explicit biases. Implicit bias involves all of the subconscious feelings, perceptions, attitudes, and stereotypes that have developed as a result …
Guidelines and Suggestions for Avoiding Cultural Bias in …
Questions may be difficult to read despite low readability measures if you use hard words (including short hard words, such as acute), passive tense, or complex sentences. It is best to …
Are Your Voters’ Guide Questions as Unbiased as You …
biased or leading in their wording, potentially undermining our organization’s ability to produce quality voter engagement programs and partnerships. This How-To guide was created to help …
IMPLICIT BIAS IN EDUCATION CASE STUDY AND SCENARIO …
workbook provides you with a series of case studies, scenarios, and reflection questions that will assist you in thinking about how to apply what you have learned to your work as an educator.
Activity Guide for Students: How Bias Affects Scientific Research
classmates will break into groups to search the Science News archive for examples of different types of bias in scientific and medical research.
2018 Ethics Discussion Cases Introduction to Biases
Discussion Questions 1. Did Dr. Li respond to Dr. Anderson’s revelations appropriately? What responsibilities do mentors have regarding the provision of career advice? 2. Were the …
8 Biased Polar Questions in English and Japanese - UCL
Ladd’s (1981) dichotomy of positively and negatively biased PQs in English, and claim that although correct, it is not detailed enough to characterize the intricacy of the biases involved in …
EXAMPLES OF BAD QUESTIONS SUGGESTION…
The following are examples of bad survey questions. Identify one error in each question \(e.g., double-barreled\) and think of a way to fix the errors. …
Good and Bad Survey Questions - Stanford Unive…
Biased language can be present in the question or in response options. Good: Rate your experience with our new product offering. Bad: Did you enjoy …
Biased or Unbiased Survey Questions For the followin…
Tell whether the question is potentially biased. Explain your answer. If the question is potentially biased, rewrite it so that it is not. 9. Would you pay …
Frequently Encountered Biased Questions and Sta…
Frequently Encountered Biased Questions and Statements The statements and questions participants posed in RISE LGBTQ-competency …
H o w to C r e a te U n b i a s e d Q u e s ti o n s - Waubo…
Avoid fundamentally biased racist/sexist questions. Questions like the bad examples below have been shown to be sexist and racist and …
EXAMPLES OF BAD QUESTIONS SUGGESTIONS OF HOW TO …
The following are examples of bad survey questions. Identify one error in each question \(e.g., double-barreled\) and think of a way to fix the errors. \(Answers are given on the next page.\)
Good and Bad Survey Questions - Stanford University
Biased language can be present in the question or in response options. Good: Rate your experience with our new product offering. Bad: Did you enjoy our amazing new product …
Biased or Unbiased Survey Questions For the following …
Tell whether the question is potentially biased. Explain your answer. If the question is potentially biased, rewrite it so that it is not. 9. Would you pay even higher concert ticket prices to finance …
Frequently Encountered Biased Questions and Statements
Frequently Encountered Biased Questions and Statements The statements and questions participants posed in RISE LGBTQ-competency trainings often revealed layers of implicit and …
H o w to C r e a te U n b i a s e d Q u e s ti o n s - Waubonsee
Avoid fundamentally biased racist/sexist questions. Questions like the bad examples below have been shown to be sexist and racist and these questions should be avoided.
Guide to writing unbiased questions v - MyLO
Biased and leading questions are those that are written in such a way that one answer appears to be favored over another: These questions often provide extra information that may influence …
AP Statistics Tutorial: Bias in Survey Sampling
More detail on each of these three categories of bias is provided below, including some specific types and examples. For more detail on the various types of biases, including how they can be …
I. SUGGESTED QUESTIONS FOR SCREENING A JURY PANEL
Note: These questions may be asked orally of an individual juror or more efficiently by providing each juror with a copy of these questions and asking each to answer in the order in which they …
Lab Title: Cognitive Biases - American Psychological …
Students should construct a questionnaire consisting of questions that elicit cognitive biases. This activity could be done as an in-class project, with students drawing examples from their …
Practice: Random Samples and Biased Questions
Tell whether the following questions are biased or fair. Rewrite biased questions as fair questions. 3. Do you think bike helmets should be mandatory for all bike riders? 4. Do you prefer the …
11.2 Bias - Math 7
Rewrite the survey question so that it is not biased. Use the scenario to answer the following.
Mr. Morton's Classroom - Home
a) Write a survey question that would likely produce biased results. Since pizza is a much cheaper option, wouldn't you rather have pizza served at the party than hamburgers? b) Write a survey …
Understanding Bias in Assessment Design - Michigan …
It includes a rationale for attending to bias, a list of questions that assessment designers should ask themselves, and a rubric for attending to bias in the design process. What is bias in …
Understanding Bias: A Resource Guide - United States …
Overt racism and racist comments are examples of explicit biases. Implicit bias involves all of the subconscious feelings, perceptions, attitudes, and stereotypes that have developed as a result …
Guidelines and Suggestions for Avoiding Cultural Bias in …
Questions may be difficult to read despite low readability measures if you use hard words (including short hard words, such as acute), passive tense, or complex sentences. It is best to …
Are Your Voters’ Guide Questions as Unbiased as You …
biased or leading in their wording, potentially undermining our organization’s ability to produce quality voter engagement programs and partnerships. This How-To guide was created to help …
IMPLICIT BIAS IN EDUCATION CASE STUDY AND SCENARIO …
workbook provides you with a series of case studies, scenarios, and reflection questions that will assist you in thinking about how to apply what you have learned to your work as an educator.
Activity Guide for Students: How Bias Affects Scientific Research
classmates will break into groups to search the Science News archive for examples of different types of bias in scientific and medical research.
2018 Ethics Discussion Cases Introduction to Biases
Discussion Questions 1. Did Dr. Li respond to Dr. Anderson’s revelations appropriately? What responsibilities do mentors have regarding the provision of career advice? 2. Were the …
8 Biased Polar Questions in English and Japanese - UCL
Ladd’s (1981) dichotomy of positively and negatively biased PQs in English, and claim that although correct, it is not detailed enough to characterize the intricacy of the biases involved in …
