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| examples of language discrimination: English with an Accent Rosina Lippi-Green, 2012-03-15 Since its initial publication, English with an Accent has provoked debate and controversy within classrooms through its in-depth scrutiny of American attitudes towards language. Rosina Lippi-Green discusses the ways in which discrimination based on accent functions to support and perpetuate social structures and unequal power relations. This second edition has been reorganized and revised to include: new dedicated chapters on Latino English and Asian American English discussion questions, further reading, and suggested classroom exercises, updated examples from the classroom, the judicial system, the media, and corporate culture a discussion of the long-term implications of the Ebonics debate a brand-new companion website with a glossary of key terms and links to audio, video, and images relevant to the each chapter's content. English with an Accent is essential reading for students with interests in attitudes and discrimination towards language. |
| examples of language discrimination: Your Rights in the Workplace Barbara Kate Repa, 2002 Your rights in the workplace. |
| examples of language discrimination: Encyclopedia of Language Development Patricia J. Brooks, Vera Kempe, 2014-03-28 The progression from newborn to sophisticated language user in just a few short years is often described as wonderful and miraculous. What are the biological, cognitive, and social underpinnings of this miracle? What major language development milestones occur in infancy? What methodologies do researchers employ in studying this progression? Why do some become adept at multiple languages while others face a lifelong struggle with just one? What accounts for declines in language proficiency, and how might such declines be moderated? Despite an abundance of textbooks, specialized monographs, and a couple of academic handbooks, there has been no encyclopedic reference work in this area--until now. The Encyclopedia of Language Development covers the breadth of theory and research on language development from birth through adulthood, as well as their practical application. Features: This affordable A-to-Z reference includes 200 articles that address such topic areas as theories and research tradition; biological perspectives; cognitive perspectives; family, peer, and social influences; bilingualism; special populations and disorders; and more. All articles (signed and authored by key figures in the field) conclude with cross reference links and suggestions for further reading. Appendices include a Resource Guide with annotated lists of classic books and articles, journals, associations, and web sites; a Glossary of specialized terms; and a Chronology offering an overview and history of the field. A thematic Reader’s Guide groups related articles by broad topic areas as one handy search feature on the e-Reference platform, which includes a comprehensive index of search terms. Available in both print and electronic formats, Encyclopedia of Language Development is a must-have reference for researchers and is ideal for library reference or circulating collections. Key Themes: Categories Effects of language on cognitive development Fundamentals, theories and models of language development Impairments of language development Language development in special populations Literacy and language development Mechanisms of language development Methods in language development research Prelinguistic communicative development Social effects in language acquisition Specific aspects of language development |
| examples of language discrimination: Raciolinguistics H. Samy Alim, John R. Rickford, Arnetha F. Ball, 2016-09-30 Raciolinguistics reveals the central role that language plays in shaping our ideas about race and vice versa. The book brings together a team of leading scholars-working both within and beyond the United States-to share powerful, much-needed research that helps us understand the increasingly vexed relationships between race, ethnicity, and language in our rapidly changing world. Combining the innovative, cutting-edge approaches of race and ethnic studies with fine-grained linguistic analyses, authors cover a wide range of topics including the struggle over the very term African American, the racialized language education debates within the increasing number of majority-minority immigrant communities in the U.S., the dangers of multicultural education in a Europe that is struggling to meet the needs of new migrants, and the sociopolitical and cultural meanings of linguistic styles used in Brazilian favelas, South African townships, Mexican and Puerto Rican barrios in Chicago, and Korean American cram schools in New York City, among other sites. Taking into account rapidly changing demographics in the U.S and shifting cultural and media trends across the globe--from Hip Hop cultures, to transnational Mexican popular and street cultures, to Israeli reality TV, to new immigration trends across Africa and Europe--Raciolinguistics shapes the future of scholarship on race, ethnicity, and language. By taking a comparative look across a diverse range of language and literacy contexts, the volume seeks not only to set the research agenda in this burgeoning area of study, but also to help resolve pressing educational and political problems in some of the most contested raciolinguistic contexts in the world. |
| examples of language discrimination: Sway Pragya Agarwal, 2020-04-02 'Passionate and urgent.' Guardian, Book of the Week 'A must-read for all.' Stylist, best new books for 2020 'Cogently argued and intensely persuasive. Groundbreaking Work.' Waterstones, best new books of April 'Impressive and much-needed.' Financial Times, Best Business Books April to June 'Admirably detailed.' Prospect Magazine 'Practical, useful, readable and essential for the times we are living in.' Nikesh Shukla 'An eye-opening book that I hope will be widely read.' Angela Saini 'If you think you don't need to read this book, you really need to read this book.' Jane Garvey 'An eye-opening book looking at unconscious bias. Meticulously researched and well written. It will make you think hard about the judgements you make. An essential read for our times.' Kavita Puri, BBC Journalist and author For the first time, behavioural and data scientist, activist and writer Dr Pragya Agarwal unravels the way our implicit or 'unintentional' biases affect the way we communicate and perceive the world, how they affect our decision-making, and how they reinforce and perpetuate systemic and structural inequalities. Sway is a thoroughly researched and comprehensive look at unconscious bias and how it impacts day-to-day life, from job interviews to romantic relationships to saving for retirement. It covers a huge number of sensitive topics - sexism, racism, ageism, homophobia, colourism - with tact, and combines statistics with stories to paint a fuller picture and enhance understanding. Throughout, Pragya clearly delineates theories with a solid grounding in science, answering questions such as: do our roots for prejudice lie in our evolutionary past? What happens in our brains when we are biased? How has bias affected technology? If we don't know about it, are we really responsible for it? At a time when partisan political ideologies are taking centre stage, and we struggle to make sense of who we are and who we want to be, it is crucial that we understand why we act the way we do. This book will enables us to open our eyes to our own biases in a scientific and non-judgmental way. |
| examples of language discrimination: Language and Woman's Place Robin Tolmach Lakoff, 2004-07-22 The 1975 publication of Robin Tolmach Lakoff's Language and Woman's Place, is widely recognized as having inaugurated feminist research on the relationship between language and gender, touching off a remarkable response among language scholars, feminists, and general readers. For the past thirty years, scholars of language and gender have been debating and developing Lakoff's initial observations. Arguing that language is fundamental to gender inequality, Lakoff pointed to two areas in which inequalities can be found: Language used about women, such as the asymmetries between seemingly parallel terms like master and mistress, and language used by women, which places women in a double bind between being appropriately feminine and being fully human. Lakoff's central argument that women's language expresses powerlessness triggered a controversy that continues to this day. The revised and expanded edition presents the full text of the original first edition, along with an introduction and annotations by Lakoff in which she reflects on the text a quarter century later and expands on some of the most widely discussed issues it raises. The volume also brings together commentaries from twenty-six leading scholars of language, gender, and sexuality, within linguistics, anthropology, modern languages, education, information sciences, and other disciplines. The commentaries discuss the book's contribution to feminist research on language and explore its ongoing relevance for scholarship in the field. This new edition of Language and Woman's Place not only makes available once again the pioneering text of feminist linguistics; just as important, it places the text in the context of contemporary feminist and gender theory for a new generation of readers. |
| examples of language discrimination: Examples & Explanations for Employment Discrimination Joel Wm. Friedman, 2020-10-09 The Fourth Edition of Employment Discrimination: Examples & Explanations Joel Friedman utilizes the time-tested Examples and Explanations format to expand on employment law and include new content based on recent changes to employment discrimination law. New to the Fourth Edition: Title VII: Application to Claims of Sexual Orientation, Transgender Status and Gender Identity-Based Discrimination Title VII Procedure: Relationship between Scope of EEOC Charge and Civil Action Title VII Procedure: Availability of Class-Wide Arbitration Section 1981 Mixed Motive Claims Unavailable Age Discrimination in Employment Act: No minimum employee size requirement for public sector workers Age Discrimination in Employment Act: Federal government workers can establish liability with a mixed motive claim but will need to establish but for causation to receive affirmative relief Professors and students will benefit from: Includes references to all important developments through Supreme Court’s 2019-2020 term |
| examples of language discrimination: Linguistic Diversity and Social Justice Ingrid Piller, 2016-02-18 Understanding and addressing linguistic disadvantage must be a central facet of the social justice agenda of our time. This book explores the ways in which linguistic diversity mediates social justice in liberal democracies undergoing rapid change due to high levels of migration and economic globalization. Focusing on the linguistic dimensions of economic inequality, cultural domination and imparity of political participation, Linguistic Diversity and Social Justice employs a case-study approach to real-world instances of linguistic injustice. Linguistic diversity is a universal characteristic of human language but linguistic diversity is rarely neutral; rather it is accompanied by linguistic stratification and linguistic subordination. Domains critical to social justice include employment, education, and community participation. The book offers a detailed examination of the connection between linguistic diversity and inequality in these specific contexts within nation states that are organized as liberal democracies. Inequalities exist not only between individuals and groups within a state but also between states. Therefore, the book also explores the role of linguistic diversity in global injustice with a particular focus on the spread of English as a global language. While much of the analysis in this book focuses on language as a means of exclusion, discrimination and disadvantage, the concluding chapter asks what the content of linguistic justice might be. |
| examples of language discrimination: Revivals, Nationalism, and Linguistic Discrimination Kara Fleming, Umberto Ansaldo, 2019-12-06 Is linguistic revival beneficiary to the plight of newly emerging, peripheral or even ‘threatened’ cultures? Or is it a smokescreen that hides the vestiges of ethnocentric ideologies, which ultimately create a hegemonic relationship? This book takes a critical look at revival exercises of special historical and geopolitical significance, and argues that a critical and cautious approach to revival movements is necessary. The cases of Sinhala, Kazakh, Mongolian, Catalan, and even Hong Kong Cantonese show that it is not through linguistic revival, but rather through political representation and economic development, that the peoples in question achieve competitiveness and equality amongst their neighbors. On the other hand, linguistic revival in these and other contexts can, and has been, used to support nationalist or ethnocentric agendas, to the detriment of other groups, recreating the same dynamics that generated the argument for revival in the first place. This book argues that respect for linguistic and other diversity, multilingualism and multiculturalism, is not compatible with linguistic revival that mirrors nation-building and essentializing identity construction. |
| examples of language discrimination: Measuring Racial Discrimination National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on National Statistics, Panel on Methods for Assessing Discrimination, 2004-07-24 Many racial and ethnic groups in the United States, including blacks, Hispanics, Asians, American Indians, and others, have historically faced severe discriminationâ€pervasive and open denial of civil, social, political, educational, and economic opportunities. Today, large differences among racial and ethnic groups continue to exist in employment, income and wealth, housing, education, criminal justice, health, and other areas. While many factors may contribute to such differences, their size and extent suggest that various forms of discriminatory treatment persist in U.S. society and serve to undercut the achievement of equal opportunity. Measuring Racial Discrimination considers the definition of race and racial discrimination, reviews the existing techniques used to measure racial discrimination, and identifies new tools and areas for future research. The book conducts a thorough evaluation of current methodologies for a wide range of circumstances in which racial discrimination may occur, and makes recommendations on how to better assess the presence and effects of discrimination. |
| examples of language discrimination: Language and Discrimination Celia Roberts, Evelyn Davies, Tom Jupp, 2014-09-25 Langauge and Discrimination provides a unique and authoritative study of the linguistic dimension of racial discrimination. Based upon extensive work carried out over many years by the Industrial Language Training Service in the U.K, this illuminating analysis argues that a real understanding of how language functions as a means of indirect racial discrimination must be founded on an expanded view of language which recognises the inseparability of language, culture and meaning. After initially introducing the subject matter of the book and providing an overview of discrimination and language learning, the authors examine the relationship between theory and practice in four main areas: theories of interaction and their application; ethnographic and linguistic analysis of workplace settings; training in communication for white professionals; and language training for adult bilingual workers and job-seekers. Detailed case studies illustrate how theory can be turned into practice if appropriate information, research, development and training and co-ordinated in an integrated response to issues of multi-ethnic communication, discrimination and social justice. |
| examples of language discrimination: Linguistic Discrimination of LGBTQ+ People as a Deterrent to Economic Performance Massimiliano Agovino, |
| examples of language discrimination: Non-discriminatory Language Anne Pauwels, 1991 Clearly presented, well-written guide to the use of language which avoids discrimination on the basis of race, gender and physical disability. |
| examples of language discrimination: Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences, Committee on the Science of Changing Behavioral Health Social Norms, 2016-09-03 Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States. |
| examples of language discrimination: The Language of Female Leadership J. Baxter, 2009-11-19 Could language be a reason why women are under-represented at senior level in the business world? Using data from senior management meetings, this book explores how female leaders use language to achieve their business and relational goals by arguing that senior women have to develop linguistic expertise in order to be effective leaders. |
| examples of language discrimination: The Oxford Handbook of Language and Race H. Samy Alim, Angela Reyes, Paul V. Kroskrity, 2020-10-02 Over the past two decades, the fields of linguistic anthropology and sociolinguistics have complicated traditional understandings of the relationship between language and identity. But while research traditions that explore the linguistic complexities of gender and sexuality have long been established, the study of race as a linguistic issue has only emerged recently. The Oxford Handbook of Language and Race positions issues of race as central to language-based scholarship. In twenty-one chapters divided into four sections-Foundations and Formations; Coloniality and Migration; Embodiment and Intersectionality; and Racism and Representations-authors at the forefront of this rapidly expanding field present state-of-the-art research and establish future directions of research. Covering a range of sites from around the world, the handbook offers theoretical, reflexive takes on language and race, the larger histories and systems that influence these concepts, the bodies that enact and experience them, and the expressions and outcomes that emerge as a result. As the study of language and race continues to take on a growing importance across anthropology, communication studies, cultural studies, education, linguistics, literature, psychology, ethnic studies, sociology, and the academy as a whole, this volume represents a timely, much-needed effort to focus these fields on both the central role that language plays in racialization and on the enduring relevance of race and racism. |
| examples of language discrimination: Employment Discrimination Stories Joel William Friedman, 2006 Like all the other volumes in the Stories collection, this book provides students with a three dimensional picture of the most important cases that are addressed in nearly every employment discrimination casebook and course. These stories give the students and faculty members a deeper understanding of the historical and cultural background of the cases and an insight into their long term impact on the development of employment discrimination law. |
| examples of language discrimination: Examples & Explanations for Employment Discrimination Joel Wm. Friedman, 2023-11-17 Examples & Explanations: Employment Discrimination, well-known and highly respected author Joel Friedman utilizes the time-tested Examples and Explanations format to expand on employment law and include content based on recent changes to employment discrimination law. Comprehensive and easily understood, the Fifth Edition of Examples & Explanations: Employment Discrimination offers students a precise synopsis of employment discrimination law along with numerous deftly written questions to help students accurately and persuasively apply the applicable doctrine to the relevant facts. New to the Fifth Edition: Title VII: Reformulation of Undue Hardship Test for Religious Accommodation Cases under Title VII Title VII: Expansion of ministerial exception in religious accommodation cases under Title VII Title VII: narrowing of protection for opposition activity in retaliation claims under Title VII Title VII: expansion of sexual harassment claims under Title VII to include sex stereotyping Affirmative Action: Prohibition of use of race in university admissions policies Professors and students will benefit from: Includes references to all important developments through Supreme Court's 2022-2023 term |
| examples of language discrimination: Standard English Tony Bex, Richard J. Watts, 2002-01-31 Standard English draws together the leading international scholars in the field, who confront the debates surrounding 'Standard English', grammar and correctness head-on. These debates are as intense today as ever and extend far beyond an academic context. Current debates about the teaching of English in the school curriculum and concerns about declining standards of English are placed in a historical, social and international context. Standard English: * explores the definitions of 'Standard English', with particular attention to distinctions between spoken and written English * traces the idea of 'Standard English' from its roots in the late seventeenth century through to the present day. This is an accessible, seminal work which clarifies an increasingly confused topic. It includes contributions from: Ronald Carter, Jenny Cheshire, Tony Crowley, James Milroy, Lesley Milroy and Peter Trudgill. |
| examples of language discrimination: The Ecology of Language Einar Ingvald Haugen, Anwar S. Dil, 1972 |
| examples of language discrimination: Puppy Socialization Marge Rogers, Eileen Anderson, 2021-06-23 Puppy Socialization: What It Is and How to Do It defines and demystifies the most important thing you can do for your puppy: socialization. The authors don't just tell you what you need to know about socialization. They show you with dozens of photographs and exclusive linked videos (a live internet connection is needed to view the videos). You'll see other owners socialize their puppies under the guidance of a nationally certified dog trainer and behavior consultant. These real-life examples of socialization show you what to do when things go well and when they don't go so well. You’ll learn about: • The magical time. Did you know that there is a special time in a puppy's life when he is primed to accept new things? The authors tell you when that time is, when that socialization window starts closing, and how a little effort by an owner during that time can save heartache later. • Canine body language. Puppies and dogs are talking all the time—with their body language. Learn to tell when a puppy or dog is relaxed and happy, a bit nervous about something, or outright fearful. • Myth-busting. There's a lot of advice out there about socialization and not all of it is good. Some common myths can actually cause a puppy harm. The authors give you the most up-to-date information on puppy socialization and put some harmful myths to rest. • Socializing a puppy during COVID-19. Puppies have so much to get used to: people, environments, noises, and more. The authors provide strategies for keeping humans and puppies safe while socializing puppies, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. • What supplies are needed during socialization. The authors provide checklists of things owners need when socializing a puppy at home and away from home. |
| examples of language discrimination: Language and Linguistic Diversity in the US Susan Tamasi, Lamont Antieau, 2014-12-02 This highly engaging textbook presents a linguistic view of the history, society, and culture of the United States. It discusses the many languages and forms of language that have been used in the US – including standard and nonstandard forms of English, creoles, Native American languages, and immigrant languages from across the globe – and shows how this distribution and diversity of languages has helped shape and define America as well as an American identity. The volume introduces the basic concepts of sociolinguistics and the politics of language through cohesive, up-to-date and accessible coverage of such key topics as dialectal development and the role of English as the majority language, controversies concerning language use in society, languages other than English used in the US, and the policies that have directly or indirectly influenced language use. These topics are presented in such a way that students can examine the inherent diversity of the communicative systems used in the United States as both a form of cultural enrichment and as the basis for socio-political conflict. The author team outlines the different viewpoints on contemporary issues surrounding language in the US and contextualizes these issues within linguistic facts, to help students think critically and formulate logical discussions. To provide opportunities for further examination and debate, chapters are organized around key misconceptions or questions (I don't have an accent or Immigrants don't want to learn English), bringing them to the forefront for readers to address directly. Language and Linguistic Diversity in the US is a fresh and unique take on a widely taught topic. It is ideal for students from a variety of disciplines or with no prior knowledge of the field, and a useful text for introductory courses on language in the US, American English, language variation, language ideology, and sociolinguistics. |
| examples of language discrimination: Reimagining Dialogue on Identity, Language and Power Ching-Ching Lin, Clara Vaz Bauler, 2023-09-18 In this book dialogue is used as a research, knowledge-sharing and community-building tool in which participants engage with each other in reflecting upon the perspectives of self and others: challenging, complementing and contradicting each other as critical peers. The book aims to be an enactment of sociological reimagination, as a way to reimagine public conversations that inspire criticality, innovation and multimodality around the intersection of identity (self), language (mediating mechanism) and power (sociocultural domain). Each chapter illustrates the use of dialogue as a participatory research tool as a way in which the sharing of knowledge and the growth of understanding occurs through meaning- and strategy-making processes. Together they present dialogue as an integrative model of self-inquiry and social activism and provide a valuable standpoint to understand the participatory nature of our very effort to question and investigate our sense of self in the world. |
| examples of language discrimination: Linguistic Human Rights Tove Skutnabb-Kangas, Robert Phillipson, 2010-12-16 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SOCIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE brings to students, researchers and practitioners in all of the social and language-related sciences carefully selected book-length publications dealing with sociolinguistic theory, methods, findings and applications. It approaches the study of language in society in its broadest sense, as a truly international and interdisciplinary field in which various approaches, theoretical and empirical, supplement and complement each other. The series invites the attention of linguists, language teachers of all interests, sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, historians etc. to the development of the sociology of language. |
| examples of language discrimination: Black Street Speech John Baugh, 2010-06-28 In the minds of many, black street speech—the urban dialect of black Americans—bespeaks illiteracy, poverty, and ignorance. John Baugh challenges those prejudices in this brilliant new inquiry into the history, linguistic structure, and survival within white society of black street speech. In doing so, he successfully integrates a scholarly respect for black English with a humanistic approach to language differences that weds rigor of research with a keen sense of social responsibility. Baugh's is the first book on black English that is based on a long-term study of adult speakers. Beginning in 1972, black men and women in Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Chicago, Austin, and Houston were repeatedly interviewed, in varied social settings, in order to determine the nature of their linguistic styles and the social circumstances where subtle changes in their speech appear. Baugh's work uncovered a far wider breadth of speaking styles among black Americans than among standard English speakers. Having detailed his findings, he explores their serious implications for the employability and education of black Americans. Black Street Speech is a work of enduring importance for educators, linguists, sociologists, scholars of black and urban studies, and all concerned with black English and its social consequences. |
| examples of language discrimination: Greasers and Gringos Steven W. Bender, 2003-09-01 Although the origin of the term “greaser” is debated, its derogatory meaning never has been. From silent movies like The Greaser’s Revenge (1914) and The Girl and the Greaser (1913) with villainous title characters, to John Steinbeck's portrayals of Latinos as lazy, drunken, and shiftless in his 1935 novel Tortilla Flat, to the image of violent, criminal, drug-using gang members of East LA, negative stereotypes of Latinos/as have been plentiful in American popular culture far before Latinos/as became the most populous minority group in the U.S. In Greasers and Gringos, Steven W. Bender examines and surveys these stereotypes and their evolution, paying close attention to the role of mass media in their perpetuation. Focusing on the intersection between stereotypes and the law, Bender reveals how these negative images have contributed significantly to the often unfair treatment of Latino/as under American law by the American legal system. He looks at the way demeaning constructions of Latinos/as influence their legal treatment by police, prosecutors, juries, teachers, voters, and vigilantes. He also shows how, by internalizing negative social images, Latinos/as and other subordinated groups view themselves and each other as inferior. Although fighting against cultural stereotypes can be a daunting task, Bender reminds us that, while hard to break, they do not have to be permanent. Greasers and Gringos begins the charge of debunking existing stereotypes and implores all Americans to re-imagine Latinos/as as legal and social equals. |
| examples of language discrimination: The Verbal Behavior Approach Mary Lynch Barbera, 2007-05-15 The Verbal Behavior (VB) approach is a form of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), that is based on B.F. Skinner's analysis of verbal behavior and works particularly well with children with minimal or no speech abilities. In this book Dr. Mary Lynch Barbera draws on her own experiences as a Board Certified Behavior Analyst and also as a parent of a child with autism to explain VB and how to use it. This step-by-step guide provides an abundance of information about how to help children develop better language and speaking skills, and also explains how to teach non-vocal children to use sign language. An entire chapter focuses on ways to reduce problem behavior, and there is also useful information on teaching toileting and other important self-help skills, that would benefit any child. This book will enable parents and professionals unfamiliar with the principles of ABA and VB to get started immediately using the Verbal Behavior approach to teach children with autism and related disorders. |
| examples of language discrimination: The English History of African American English Shana Poplack, 2000-01-21 Much scholarly work assumes that the structure of African American Vernacular English (AAVE) derives from an earlier plantation creole. This volume explores an alternative hypothesis: that the characteristic features were acquired from the varieties of English to which early speakers were exposed. |
| examples of language discrimination: Language Diversity, School Learning, and Closing Achievement Gaps National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Center for Education, Committee on the Role of Language in School Learning: Implications for Closing the Achievement Gap, 2010-08-26 The Workshop on the Role of Language in School Learning: Implications for Closing the Achievement Gap was held to explore three questions: What is known about the conditions that affect language development? What are the effects of early language development on school achievement? What instructional approaches help students meet school demands for language and reading comprehension? Of particular interest was the degree to which group differences in school achievement might be attributed to language differences, and whether language-related instruction might help to close gaps in achievement by helping students cope with language-intensive subject matter especially after the 3rd grade. The workshop provided a forum for researchers and practitioners to review and discuss relevant research findings from varied perspectives. The disciplines and professions represented included: language development, child development, cognitive psychology, linguistics, reading, educationally disadvantaged student populations, literacy in content areas (math, science, social studies), and teacher education. The aim of the meeting was not to reach consensus or provide recommendations, but rather to offer expert insight into the issues that surround the study of language, academic learning, and achievement gaps, and to gather varied viewpoints on what available research findings might imply for future research and practice. This book summarizes and synthesizes two days of workshop presentations and discussion. |
| examples of language discrimination: African American English Lisa J. Green, 2002-08-08 This authoritative introduction to African American English (AAE) is the first textbook to look at the grammar as a whole. Clearly organised, it describes patterns in the sentence structure, sound system, word formation and word use in AAE. The textbook examines topics such as education, speech events in the secular and religious world, and the use of language in literature and the media to create black images. It includes exercises to accompany each chapter and will be essential reading for students in linguistics, education, anthropology, African American studies and literature. |
| examples of language discrimination: Unequal Treatment Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, 2009-02-06 Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are known to reflect access to care and other issues that arise from differing socioeconomic conditions. There is, however, increasing evidence that even after such differences are accounted for, race and ethnicity remain significant predictors of the quality of health care received. In Unequal Treatment, a panel of experts documents this evidence and explores how persons of color experience the health care environment. The book examines how disparities in treatment may arise in health care systems and looks at aspects of the clinical encounter that may contribute to such disparities. Patients' and providers' attitudes, expectations, and behavior are analyzed. How to intervene? Unequal Treatment offers recommendations for improvements in medical care financing, allocation of care, availability of language translation, community-based care, and other arenas. The committee highlights the potential of cross-cultural education to improve provider-patient communication and offers a detailed look at how to integrate cross-cultural learning within the health professions. The book concludes with recommendations for data collection and research initiatives. Unequal Treatment will be vitally important to health care policymakers, administrators, providers, educators, and students as well as advocates for people of color. |
| examples of language discrimination: On Dialect Peter Trudgill, 1983 |
| examples of language discrimination: Becoming an Anti-Racist Church Joseph Barndt, 2011-03-01 Christians addressing racism in American society must begin with a frank assessment of how race figures in the churches themselves, leading activist Joseph Barndt argues. This practical and important volume extends the insights of Barndt's earlier, more general work to address the race situation in the churches themselves and to equip people there to be agents for change in and beyond their church communities. |
| examples of language discrimination: EEOC Compliance Manual United States. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 1992 |
| examples of language discrimination: Disability is Natural Kathie Snow, 2001 In this user-friendly book, parents learn revolutionary common sense techniques for raising successful children with disabilities. When we recognize that disability is a natural part of the human experience, new attitudes lead to new actions for successful lives at home, in school and in communities. When parents replace today's conventional wisdom with the common sense values and creative thinking detailed in this book, all children with disabilities (regardless of age or type of disability) can live the life of their dreams. Readers will learn how to define a child by his or her assets - instead of a disability-related problem, and how to create new and improved partnerships with educators, health care professionals, family and friends |
| examples of language discrimination: Language, Culture, and Teaching Sonia Nieto, 2001-08 This book will explore how language & culture are connected to teaching & learning, and examine the sociocultural & sociopolitical contexts of language & culture to understand how these contexts affect student learning & achievement. |
| examples of language discrimination: The Development of African American English Walt Wolfram, Erik Thomas, 2008-04-15 This book focuses on one of the most persistent and controversial questions in modern sociolinguistics: the past and present development of African American Vernacular English (AAVE). |
| examples of language discrimination: Language in the 21st Century Humphrey Tonkin, Timothy G. Reagan, 2003-01-01 What is the future of languages in an increasingly globalized world? Are we moving toward the use of a single language for global communication, or are there ways of managing language diversity at the international level? Can we, or should we, maintain a balance between the global need to communicate and the maintenance of local and regional identities and cultures? What is the role of education, of language rights, of language equality in this volatile global linguistic mix? A group of leading scholars in sociolinguistics and language policy examines trends in language use across the world to find answers to these questions and to make predictions about likely outcomes. Highlighted in the discussion are, among other issues, the rapidly changing role of English, the equally rapid decline and death of small languages, the future of the major European languages, the international use of constructed languages like Esperanto, and, not least, the question of what role applied scholarship can and should play in mapping and influencing the future. |
| examples of language discrimination: Getting Uncle Sam to Enforce Your Civil Rights United States Commission on Civil Rights, Mary Elizabeth Hartley, 1979 |
| examples of language discrimination: Linguistic Justice April Baker-Bell, 2020-04-28 Bringing together theory, research, and practice to dismantle Anti-Black Linguistic Racism and white linguistic supremacy, this book provides ethnographic snapshots of how Black students navigate and negotiate their linguistic and racial identities across multiple contexts. By highlighting the counterstories of Black students, Baker-Bell demonstrates how traditional approaches to language education do not account for the emotional harm, internalized linguistic racism, or consequences these approaches have on Black students' sense of self and identity. This book presents Anti-Black Linguistic Racism as a framework that explicitly names and richly captures the linguistic violence, persecution, dehumanization, and marginalization Black Language-speakers endure when using their language in schools and in everyday life. To move toward Black linguistic liberation, Baker-Bell introduces a new way forward through Antiracist Black Language Pedagogy, a pedagogical approach that intentionally and unapologetically centers the linguistic, cultural, racial, intellectual, and self-confidence needs of Black students. This volume captures what Antiracist Black Language Pedagogy looks like in classrooms while simultaneously illustrating how theory, research, and practice can operate in tandem in pursuit of linguistic and racial justice. A crucial resource for educators, researchers, professors, and graduate students in language and literacy education, writing studies, sociology of education, sociolinguistics, and critical pedagogy, this book features a range of multimodal examples and practices through instructional maps, charts, artwork, and stories that reflect the urgent need for antiracist language pedagogies in our current social and political climate. |
Examples - Apache ECharts
Apache ECharts，一款基于JavaScript的数据可视化图表库，提供直观，生动，可交互，可个性化定制的数据可视化图表。
Examples - Apache ECharts
Examples; Resources. Spread Sheet Tool; Theme Builder; Cheat Sheet; More Resources; Community. Events; Committers; Mailing List; How to Contribute; Dependencies; Code …
Examples - Apache ECharts
Examples; Resources. Spread Sheet Tool; Theme Builder; Cheat Sheet; More Resources; Community. Events; Committers; Mailing List; How to Contribute; Dependencies; Code …
Apache ECharts
ECharts: A Declarative Framework for Rapid Construction of Web-based Visualization. 如果您在科研项目、产品、学术论文、技术报告、新闻报告、教育、专利以及其他相关活动中使用了 …
Events - Apache ECharts
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“Sounding Black”: The Legal Implications of Linguistic Profiling
discrimination on the part of the listener, it is not, in itself, a discriminatory act. Some cases of linguistic profiling, such as the housing discrimination shown in Baugh’s experiments, are clear …
UNDERSTANDING AND CHALLENGING ABLEISM - ADL
or cognitive, visible or invisible, severe or minor. Ableism, which is bias or discrimination against people with disabilities, can take many forms, including: employment, housing and other …
Harassment, Discrimination and Retaliation Prevention Policy …
language use restrictions and possession of a driver's license issued under Vehicle Code section 12801.9), ancestry, physical or mental disability, medical condition, genetic information, marital …
Pregnant Workers Fairness Act - NWLC
but it is the same language used in the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, which the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and the courts have been interpreting for over 40 years. …
Conscious and Unconscious Gender Bias - Defense …
Dec 8, 2018 · Insight Conscious and Unconscious Gender Bias: Response to DACOWITS RFI 4 3 A. Defining Bias and Gender Bias In general, biases can manifest as prejudiced perceptions of, …
Language diversity and discrimination in the American …
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A Reflection of Linguistic Ideologies, Inequality, and Class: …
The language ideologies identified are as follows: 1.) English as a requisite for upward mobility 2.) English as an instrument of elitism 3.) Standard American English as the ideal model in the …
NEW JERSEY STATE POLICY PROHIBITING DISCRIMINATION …
discrimination and harassment, the State of New Jersey strictly prohibits ... Examples of behaviors that may constitute a violation of this policy include, but are not limited to: ... demeaning …
Content Analysis of Sexist Language Occurrence on …
Dobrić N. (2018) in the paper, Language as a Window into Discrimination: A Corpus Linguistic Analysis of Hatred emphasized that the best way to gain an insight into a society is to observe …
The complexities of linguistic discrimination - Taylor
linguistic (or language-related) discrimination will be fruitful. Linguistic discrimination can be defined as a broad range of practices, actions and experiences, which share a common core of …
Learning from the History of Language Oppression: …
Their examples show us that when communities work together, they can enact changes. In this paper, we explore the history of language oppression in the United States and how it affects …
Developing a Nondiscrimination Policy and Complaint …
discrimination based on disability. • Title IX of the Education Amendments Act of 1972, which prohibits discrimination based on sex in education programs or activities. • Age Discrimination …
English with an accent Language, ideology, and …
stereotyping and workplace discrimination, as well as reinforcement of language subordination in the judicial system to protect the status quo. Part One, with liberal use of charts, reminds …
“Overcoming Stigma, Ending Discrimination” - SAMHSA
“Overcoming Stigma, Ending Discrimination” RESOURCE GUIDE • The Addictionary.The Recovery Research Institute developed a glossary of over 200 top addiction- related words …
Discrimination: What can I do about it? - Canadian Human …
Examples of discrimination ... The Commission offers a new online complaint platform, in a simple, clear language. The first step is to fill out a short questionnaire, to establish if the …
Module 4c - Difficulty and Discrimination - University of …
1/30/2019 4 Item 1. Calculating Difficulty and Discrimination •Top scoring group (n = 25): 20 got it correct, or 80% •Middle group (n = 50): 20 got it correct •Lowest scoring group (n = 25): 15 got …
Harassment, Discrimination, and Unprofessional Conduct
discrimination; b. monitoring the work environment on a daily basis for signs that unprofessional conduct, harassment, bullying, or discrimination may be occurring; c. stopping any observed …
A guide to effective communication: inclusive language in the …
It is best practice to use language that avoids gender discrimination, for example, avoiding the term ‘chairman’. We should all use the terms ‘chair’, ‘co-chairs’ and ‘deputy chair’. 4 British …
Teaching verbal conditional discrimination: a framework for …
discrimination (without formal receptive to tact transfer) 3 Tacting multiple examples of the same stimulus Tacts different examples of the same stimulus (see non-identical matching) 3 Non …
Measuring Nonverbal Bias Through Body Language …
Stereotypes Body language Introduction Although the United States has a history marked by prejudice and discrimination, people in our society commonly speak out against racism and …
Under federal law and Department of Labor (DOL) policy, …
language other than English), religion or religious creed (including reasonable accommodation ... complaint or otherwise opposing discrimination, including harassment; requesting a reasonable …
Policy on discrimination and language - Ontario Human …
Language-related grounds of discrimination: ancestry, ethnic origin, place of origin, race . The first language we learn is frequently the language spoken by our parents or guardians and others …
Older Workers Need Not Apply? Ageist Language in Job Ads …
Job ads could contain language related to this stereotype (e.g., “must be a technological native”). We can then ask whether job ads containing such language are less likely to result in callbacks …
Problems of Linguistic Discrimination in the Communicative …
Linguicism is discrimination based on language or dialect: linguistically argued racism. It's also known as linguistic discrimination (Nordquist, 2017). The term was coined in the 1980s by …
Overcoming Language Barriers - LEP.gov
Establish Language Access Policies and Protocols and Evaluate Success 9 Educate Staff About Language Access 11 Identify and Train Bilingual Staff 11 Notify the Public About Your Agency’s …
Barriers Experienced by Mexican Immigrants: Implications for ...
itself, markedly limited educational opportunities, discrimination, acculturation diffi culties, language barriers, cultural obstacles, economic insecurity, and other systemic oppression …
U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights
2004, 2010, 2016, and 2017 withlustrative il examples of discrimination, including harassment, to assist members of the public in understanding OCR’s Title VI jurisdiction with regard to …
USCCR Reccs for anti-Asian discrimination FINAL FORMATTED
prohibit discrimination based on race and national origin.11 Federal courts have been clear over time in their explanations of ways race and national origin discrimination can persist and the …
ASME GUIDE FOR REDUCING BIAS IN LANGUAGE - The …
or unintentional discrimination against members of a marginalized group. •Don’t bring up native language, ethnicity, or national origin unless its relevant and you’ve built trust. •Avoid making …
Examples of Racial Microaggressions - School of Public Health
Examples of Racial Microaggressions Theme Microaggression Message Alien in own land When Asian Americans and Latino ... language. You are not American You are a foreigner Ascription …
Equality, discrimination and the Public Sector Equality …
discrimination and equality as covered by the Act. One of the most important aspects of the Act is the Public Sector Equality Duty – a duty for public bodies to ... deaf with a hearing loop or sign …
Chinese virus : A critical discourse analysis of anti-Asian racist ...
Jul 4, 2022 · critical discourse studies; language and discrimination; covid-19 . Introduction . Coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, was declared by the WHO (World Health Organization) …
Fact Sheet: Know Your Rights Under Title VI - USDA
foreign language. 3. Because Title VI does not protect individuals from discrimination based only on religion, USDA refers those complaints to the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), which has …
Fair Housing Overview - California
language, culture, and customs. • If the housing provider is a business, tenants and applicants are also protected against housing discrimination related to citizenship, immigration status, or …
SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA FOR THE …
discrimination, which is prohibited under California Government Code section 12940(i). 7. Finally, at all relevant times mentioned herein, all defendants acted as agents of all other defendants in …
Module 4C: Analyzing Item Difficulty and Discrimination
And we're going to have some examples here in just a moment. So how do we use difficulty and item discrimination indices for item analysis? Well, here's ... The discrimination index-- we …
Legal Guidance on Students’ Rights: - National Education …
Mar 13, 2018 · 2 NEA Legal Guidance set the norms, values, and expectations at school.17 The social, emotional, and physical safety of students makes up critical elements of a positive …
Accent discrimination, linguistic capital and the evaluation
Lippi-Green (2012) provides evidence of language discrimination in the United States, always against minority population groups such as African-Americans, Hispanics and various Asian …
Exploring diversity and equity in education and care services
• Naming discrimination • Acting on discrimination • Uncovering unfairness • Ensuring visibility for ALL people • Challenging views, ideas and practices which remain unchallenged Lane (1988, …
English-Only Policies: The Need For and Benefits of the …
redress these language discrimination claims. Finally, after examining both the effects of English-only policies and the legal system’s inability to redress the injuries stemming from these …
Statement about Standard Language Ideology and Equity …
language. Standard language ideology is a construct that establishes a hierarchy between varieties. It misleads language users into believing that some varieties are better than others …
Person-Centered Language “Style Guide” - NACHC
Person-Centered Language “Style Guide”June 2021 Page 2 of 5 and cultural dimensions” (National ollaborating entre for Determinants).3 This includes notions such as homophobia, …
Combating Religious Discrimination
discrimination. Examples of Religious Discrimination Religious-Motivated Hate Crimes We prosecute criminal conduct that arises to a hate crime. That may include using force, ... If you …
What are examples of National Origin/Ethnicity …
Aug 13, 2024 · Renting to people who speak one non-English language but. not to people who speak a different non-English language. What can I do about housing discrimination? If you …
Language Effects on Mental Health Stigma
Dec 1, 2015 · Language is powerful, and the social power of language and labels is something that still needs to be developed in the field of psychology. In two studies, we investigated the …
Changing Language, Changing Minds: Using Restorative …
and stereotypes with unbiased language. As a catalyst to this needed change in language, FHI 360’s National Institute for Work and Learning (NIWL) has created this Restorative Language …
CASTE DISCRIMINATION: A Global Concern - Human Rights …
The language used to describe low and high-caste community characteristics in the examples that follow are striking in their similarity, despite the variation in geographic origin, with ideas of ...
Identifying and Categorizing Language Discrimination in …
Language discrimination is a less-discussed form of discrimination that threatens the suc- ... Instead, most examples of language discrimi-nation were indirect or implicit, as when a stu - …
FACT SHEET: Protecting Individuals from Discrimination …
Sep 26, 2023 · 1. Individuals who experience discrimination, including harassment, based on their actual or perceived: • shared ancestry or ethnic characteristics; or • citizenship or residency in …
EXPLICIT BIAS - Northwestern University
control, predict discrimination based on race, gender, and other group statuses. 9 Arguing that “smoking gun” evidence of discrimination is largely a thing of the past, scholars have described …
